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1 δύναμις
A power, might, in Hom., esp. of bodily strength,εἴ μοι δ. γε παρείη Od. 2.62
, cf. Il.8.294;οἵη ἐμὴ δ. καὶ χεῖρες Od.20.237
;ἡ δ. τῶν νέων Antipho 4.3.2
, etc.: generally, strength, power, ability to do anything, πὰρ δύναμιν beyond one's strength, Il.13.787; in Prose,παρὰ δ. τολμηταί Th.1.70
, etc.;ὑπὲρ δ. D.18.193
; opp. κατὰ δ. as far as lies in one, Hdt.3.142, etc. (κὰδ δ. Hes.Op. 336
);εἰς δύναμιν Cratin. 172
, Pl.R. 458e, etc.;πρὸς τὴν δ. Id.Phdr. 231a
.2 outward power, influence, authority, A.Pers. 174 (anap.), Ag. 779 (lyr.);καταπαύσαντα τὴν Κύρου δ. Hdt.1.90
;δυνάμει προὔχοντες Th.7.21
, etc.; ἐν δ. εἶναι, γενέσθαι, X.HG4.4.5, D.13.29.3 force for war, forces,δ. ἀνδρῶν Hdt.5.100
, cf. Pl.Mx. 240d, Plb.1.41.2, LXX Ge.21.22, OGI139.8 (ii B. C.); μετὰ δυνάμεων ἱκανῶν Wilcken Chr.10 (ii B. C.), etc.;δ. καὶ πεζὴ καὶ ἱππικὴ καὶ ναυτική X.An.1.3.12
; πέντε δυνάμεσι πεφρουρημένον, of the five projecting rows of sarissae in the phalanx, Ascl.Tact.5.2,al.4 a power, quantity,χρημάτων δ. Hdt.7.9
.ά.5 means,κατὰ δύναμιν Arist.EE 1243b12
; opp. παρὰ δ., 2 Ep.Cor.8.3;κατὰ δ. τῶν ὑπαρχόντων BGU1051.17
(Aug.).II power, faculty, capacity,αἱ ἀμφὶ τὸ σῶμα δ. Hp.VM14
;αἱ τοῦ σώματος δυνάμεις Pl.Tht. 185e
;ἡ τῆς ὄψεως δ. Id.R. 532a
;ἡ τῶν λεγόντων δ. D.22.11
: c. gen. rei, capacity for, ;τοῦ λέγειν Id.Rh. 1362b22
; τοῦ λόγου, τῶν λόγων, Men.578, Alex.94;δ. στρατηγική Plb.1.84.6
;δ. ἐν πραγματείᾳ Id.2.56.5
;δ. συνθετική D.H.Comp.2
: abs., any natural capacity or faculty, that may be improved and may be used for good or ill, Arist.Top. 126a37, cf. MM 1183b28.2 elementary force, such as heat, cold, etc., Hp.VM16, Arist.PA 646a14; ἡ τοῦ θερμοῦ δ.ib. 650a5;θερμαντικὴ δ. Epicur.Fr.60
, cf. Polystr.p.23 W.b property, quality,ἰδίην δύναμιν καὶ φύσιν ἔχειν Hp.VM13
, cf. Nat.Hom.5, Vict.1.10; esp. of the natural properties of plants, etc., αἱ δ. τῶν φυομένων, τῶν σπερμάτων, X.Cyr.8.8.14, Thphr.HP8.11.1; productive power,τῆς γῆς Id.Oec.16.4
;μετάλλων Id.Vect.4.1
: generally, function, faculty, δύναμις φυσική, ζωική, ψυχική, Gal.10.635; περὶ φυσικῶν δ., title of work by Galen.c in pl., agencies, ὑπάρχειν ἐν τῇ φύσει τὰς τοιαύτας δυνάμεις (sc. the gods) Polystr.p.10 W.d function, meaning, of part in whole, Id.p.17 W.e in Music, function, value, of a note in the scale,δ. ἐστι τάξις φθόγγου ἐν συστήματι Cleonid.Harm.14
, cf. Aristox.Harm.p.69M.; μέση κατὰ δύναμιν, opp. κατὰ θέσιν, Ptol. Harm.2.5.3 faculty, art, or craft, Pl.R. 532d, Arist.Metaph. 1018a30, EN 1094a10, Arr.Epict.1.1.1; δ. σκεπτική the doctrine of the Sceptics, S.E.M.7.1.4 a medicine, Timostr.7, etc.;δ. ἁπλαῖ Hp.Decent.9
, Aret.CD1.4, etc.;δ. πολυφάρμακοι Plu.2.403c
, Gal.13.365: in pl., collection of formulae or prescriptions, Orib.10.33.b action of medicines, περὶ τῆς ἁπλῶν φαρμάκων δ., title of work by Galen; also, potency, δυνάμει θερμά, ψυχρά, Id.1.672, al.IV capability of existing or acting, potentiality, opp. actuality ([etym.] ἐνέργεια), Arist.Metaph. 1047b31, 1051a5, etc.: hence δυνάμει as Adv., virtually,ὕστερον ὂν τῇ τάξει, πρότερον τῇ δυνάμει.. ἐστί D.3.15
; opp. ἐνεργείᾳ, Arist.APo. 86a28, al.; opp. ἐντελεχείᾳ, Id.Ph. 193b8, al.V Math., power,κατὰ μεταφορὰν ἡ ἐν γεωμετρίᾳ λέγεται δ. Id.Metaph. 1019b33
; usu. second power, square, κατὰ δύναμιν in square, Pl.Ti. 54b, cf. Theol.Ar.11, etc.: chiefly in dat., [εὐθεῖα] δυνάμει ἴση a line the square on which is equal to an area, ἡ BA ἐλάσσων ἐστὶν ἢ διπλασίων δυνάμει τῆς AK the square on BA is less than double of the square on AK, Archim.Sph.Cyl.2.9: εὐθεῖαι δ. σύμμετροι commensurable in square, Euc.10Def.2; ἡ δυνάμει δεκάς the series 12 + 22... + 102, Theol.Ar.64.3 product of two numbers, ἡ ἀμφοῖν (sc. τριάδος καὶ δυάδος)δ. ἑξάς Ph.1.3
, cf. Iamb.in Nic.p.108 P.; δυνάμει in product, Hero Metr.1.15, Theol.Ar.33.VI concrete, powers, esp. of divine beings,αἱ δ. τῶν οὐρανῶν LXX Is.34.4
, cf. 1 Ep.Pet.3.22, al., Ph.1.587, Corp.Herm.1.26, Porph.Abst.2.34: sg., Act.Ap.8.10, PMag.Par.1.1275; πολυώνυμος δ., of God, Secund.Sent.3.VII manifestation of divine power, miracle, Ev.Matt.11.21, al., Buresch Aus Lydien 113, etc.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > δύναμις
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2 ἰσχύω
ἰσχύω fut. ἰσχύσω; 1 aor. ἴσχυσα; pf. ptc. sg. n. ἰσχυκός (Da 4:20 Theod.) (s. ἰσχύς; Pind.+ in sense ‘be strong, prevail’)① be in possession of one’s physical powers, be in good health οἱ ἰσχύοντες those who are healthy (Soph., Tr. 234; X., Cyr. 6, 1, 24, Mem. 2, 7, 7) Mt 9:12; Mk 2:17.② to have requisite personal resources to accomplish someth., have power, be competent, be ableⓐ πολύ be able to do much (cp. Diod S 1, 60, 2 πλέον ἰ.; 4, 23, 3; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 88 §371 τοσοῦτον ἰ.; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 77 μεῖζον ἰ., Ant. 15, 88 πλεῖστον ἰ.) Js 5:16. τί ταπεινοφροσύνη … ἰσχύει what strength humility has 1 Cl 21:8; πάντα Phil 4:13. εἰς οὐδέν be good for nothing Mt 5:13. ὅτε … ἴσχυσας τῇ ἰσχύι σου, ὥστε δύνασθαι Hs 9, 1, 2.ⓑ w. inf. foll. (Diod S 1, 83, 8; Plut., Pomp. 58, 6; PEleph 17, 23; POxy 396; 533, 16; 1345 οὐκ ἴσχυσα ἐλθεῖν σήμερον; LXX; TestSol 22:8; JosAs 10:8; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 27; Jos., Bell. 6, 367, Ant. 2, 86; Just., A I, 44, 12 al.; Tat. 15, 3) Mt 8:28; 26:40; Mk 5:4; 14:37; Lk 6:48; 8:43; 14:6, 29f; 20:26; J 21:6 (the only instance in J; s. JBoismard); Ac 6:10; 15:10; 25:7; 27:16; 2 Cl 18:2; Hv 1, 3, 3. Be strong enough σκάπτειν to dig Lk 16:3; cp. Hv 3, 8, 8. εἰς τὰς ἀκτίνας … ἀντοφθαλμῆσαι gaze at the (sun’s) rays B 5:10. Abs., though the inf. can easily be supplied fr. the context (as Sir 43:28) οὐκ ἴσχυσαν (ἐκβαλεῖν) Mk 9:18. οὐκ ἰσχύσουσιν (εἰσελθεῖν) Lk 13:24.③ to be in control, have power, be mighty (Diod S 11, 23, 3; PPetr II, 18, 12; Just., D. 90, 4) ὁ λόγος ηὔξανεν κ. ἴσχυεν Ac 19:20. μέχρι πότε θάνατος ἰσχύσει; how long will death hold its power? GEg 252, 50. ἰ. ἐν αὐταις (ταῖς ἐντολαῖς)= be strong in keeping the commandments Hm 5, 2, 8 v.l. Win out, prevail (Thu. 3, 46, 3; Dio Chrys. 17 [34], 19; ParJer 1:6 ἴσχυσα ἐπὶ τὴν ἱερὰν πόλιν) ὁ δράκων οὐκ ἴσχυσεν Rv 12:8. κατά τινος over, against someone Ac 19:16. MPol 3:1; cp. 9:1 ἴσχυε … καὶ ἀνορίζου be strong and brave (in faith).④ have meaning, be valid, be in force, esp. as legal t.t. (Diod S 2, 33, 1; Aelian, VH 2, 38 νόμον ἰσχύειν; SIG 888, 59; 151 ἴσχυσεν τὰ προστάγματα; PTebt 286, 7 νομὴ ἄδικος οὐδὲν εἰσχύει; Ath. 2, 2) of a will μήποτε ἰσχύει ὅτε ζῇ ὁ διαθέμενος Hb 9:17. οὔτε περιτομή τι ἰσχύει, οὔτε ἀκροβυστία neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything Gal 5:6.— Have the value of (IGR IV, 915a, 12 ἡ δραχμὴ ἰσχύει ἀσσάρια δέκα; Jos., Ant. 14, 106) ὅλον ἐνιαυτὸν ἰσχύει ἡ ἡμέρα the day is equal to a whole year Hs 6, 4, 4.—DELG s.v. ἰσχύς. M-M. TW.
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