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1 स
sa1) the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class andᅠ in sound corresponds to s in sin)
2) (in prosody) an anapest
3) (in music) an abbreviated term for shaḍ-ja
4) (only L.) m. a snake;
air, wind;
a bird;
N. of Vishṇu orᅠ Ṡiva;
(ā) f. N. of Lakshmi orᅠ Gaurī;
n. knowledge;
meditation;
a carriage road;
a fence
5) mfn. (fr. san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.;
cf. palu-shá andᅠ priya-sá)
6) the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. <sá orᅠ sás, sā>, andᅠ in the Ved. loc. < sásmin RV. I, 152, 6; I, 174, 4; X, 95, 11 >;
the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants
<except before p in RV. V, 2, 4, andᅠ before t in RV. VIII, 33, 16 >
andᅠ appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga;
sa occasionally blends with another vowel <as in saî ̱shaḥ>;
andᅠ it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, esha, ayam etc. <e.g.. so'ham satvam, « I ( orᅠ thou) that very person» ;
cf. under tád>, the verb then following in the 1st andᅠ 2nd pers. even if aham orᅠ tvam be omitted <e.g.. sa tvāpṛicchāmi « I that very person ask you» BṛĀrUp. ;
sa vainobrūhi « do thou tell us» ṠBr. >;
similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān <e.g.. sabhavānvijayāyapratishṭhatām, « let your Highness set out for victory» Ṡak. >;
it sometimes < andᅠ frequently in the Brāhmaṇas> stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun orᅠ adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, cêd;
in this position sa may be used pleonastically orᅠ as a kind of ind., even where another gender orᅠ number is required <e.g.. sayadi sthāvarāāpobhananti, « if those waters are stagnant» ṠBr. >;
in the Sāṃkhya sa, like esha, ka, andᅠ ya, is used to denote Purusha, « the Universal Soul») RV. etc. etc.
+ cf. Zd. hā, hā;
Gk., ἡ
7) ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, andᅠ occasionally in BhP. standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing « junction», « conjunction», « possession» (as opp. to a priv.), « similarity», « equality» ;
andᅠ when compounded with nouns to form adjectives andᅠ adverbs it may be translated by « with», « together orᅠ along with», « accompanied by», « added to», « having», « possessing», « containing», « having the same»
<cf. sa-kopa, sâ̱gni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa>;
orᅠ it may = « ly», as in sa-kopam, « angrily», sôpadhi, « fraudulently») RV. etc. etc.
+ cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς;
Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper
Eng. same
seeᅠ 5. sa
(to be similarly prefixed to the following):
- सकार
- सकर
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