statue

Gnĭdus or Gnĭdos (also Cnĭd-), i, f., = Knidos, a Doric city in Caria, celebrated for its statue of Venus, the workmanship of Praxiteles; now Cnido, Mel. 1, 16, 2; Plin. 5, 28, 29, § 104; Hor. C. 1, 30, 1; 3, 28, 13; Ov. M. 10, 531; Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; Liv. 37, 16.—

Deriv. Gnĭdĭus ( Cn-), a um, adj., of or belonging to Gnidus, Gnidian:

Venus,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 23:

Gyges,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 20:

granum,

i. e. the seed of the mezereon, Plin. 13, 21, 35, § 114:

arundo,

i. e. Gnidian writingreed, Aus. Ep. 7, 50;

also called nodi,

id. ib. 4, 74.—In plur. subst.: Gnĭdii ( Cn-), ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Gnidus, Gnidians, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135; Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 20.

Gnĭdus or Gnĭdos (also Cnĭd-), i, f., = Knidos, a Doric city in Caria, celebrated for its statue of Venus, the workmanship of Praxiteles; now Cnido, Mel. 1, 16, 2; Plin. 5, 28, 29, § 104; Hor. C. 1, 30, 1; 3, 28, 13; Ov. M. 10, 531; Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 33; Liv. 37, 16.—

Deriv. Gnĭdĭus ( Cn-), a um, adj., of or belonging to Gnidus, Gnidian:

Venus,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 23:

Gyges,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 20:

granum,

i. e. the seed of the mezereon, Plin. 13, 21, 35, § 114:

arundo,

i. e. Gnidian writingreed, Aus. Ep. 7, 50;

also called nodi,

id. ib. 4, 74.—In plur. subst.: Gnĭdii ( Cn-), ōrum, m., the inhabitants of Gnidus, Gnidians, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135; Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 20.

in-cŭbo, ŭi, ĭtum, āre (rarely āvi, ātum, in the sense of to brood), 1, v. n. and a., to lie in a place or upon a thing (class.).

Lit.:

hic leno aegrotus incubat in Aesculapii fano,

Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 61: namque incubare satius te fuerat Jovi, against (the statue of) Jupiter, id. ib. 2, 2, 16:

umero incubat hasta,

rests, lies upon her shoulder, Ov. M. 6, 593:

ipsi caetris superpositis incubantes flumen tranavere,

Liv. 21, 27, 5:

his (utribus) incubantes tranavere amnem,

Curt. 7, 21, 18.— Poet.: ferro, to fall upon one ' s sword, Sen. Hippol. 259.— In part. pres.: incubans, lying near to, bordering upon:

jugum mari,

Plin. 6, 17, 20, § 53.—

In partic.

To sit upon eggs, to brood, to hatch:

gallinas incubare fetibus alienigenis patiemur,

Col. 8, 5, 10:

ova gallinis incubanda subicere,

Plin. 10, 59, 79, § 161:

ova incubita,

id. 29, 3, 11, § 45.—

To abide or dwell in:

rure incubabo in praefectura mea,

Plaut. Cas. 1, 1, 21:

lucos et specus,

to inhabit, App. M. 4, p. 150, 15. —

Pregn.: tabernulam littori proximam, vitatis maris fluctibus, incubabant,

i. e. entered and lodged, App. M. 7, p. 190.—

To be in, lie in, rest in or on:

purpura atque auro,

Sen. Thyest. 909:

pavidusque pinnis anxiae noctis vigil incubabat,

on his wings, id. ib. 570 sq.—

To cling to, fall upon, said of mourners over the dead, etc.:

indigna fui marito accendisse rogum, incubuisse viro?

Luc. 9, 57; 8, 727; cf. id. 2, 27 al.—

Trop., to brood over, to watch jealously over a thing, either to keep or get possession of it:

qui illi pecuniae, quam condiderat, spe jam atque animo incubaret,

Cic. Clu. 26, 72:

auro,

Verg. G. 2, 507:

divitiis,

id. A. 6, 610:

publicis thesauris,

to retain sole possession of, Liv. 6, 15:

opimae praedae,

Flor. 2, 10, 2.—

To press upon, weigh upon, be a burden to, fasten on:

ut inhaerentem atque incubantem Italiae extorqueret Annibalem,

Flor. 2, 6, 57:

protervus menti furor,

Sen. Hippol. 268:

illi mors gravis incubat,

id. Thyest. 401.—

To settle on, attach one ' s self to any thing. — Absol., of bees:

nisi incubavere,

Plin. 11, 16, 15, § 45.— Usually with dat.:

leo victor armento incubat,

Sen. Thyest. 733:

ponto nox incubat atra,

glooms over, darkens, Verg. A. 1, 89:

quamvis ipsis urbis faucibus incubaret,

took up a position at, Flor. 1, 10, 2;

but cf.: pigra incubat Caligo terras,

Avien. Or. Mar. 236:

caelum quod incubat urbi,

Val. Fl. 2, 494.

incŭbo, ōnis, m. [1. incubo], one who lies upon any thing.

A spirit that watches over buried treasures (post-class.):

cum modo incuboni pileum rapuisset, thesaurum invenit,

Petr. Fragm. Trag. 38, 8.—

The nightmare, incubus (post-class.):

ab incubone deludi,

Scrib. Comp. 100:

de incubone praesumptio,

Tert. Anim. 44.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

Lătĭum, ii, n. [2. lătus; Sanscr. root prath-, to spread or widen; cf. Lat. later, etc.; prop., the plains or flat-land;

by the ancients referred to latēre, because here Saturnus lay concealed from his son,

Ov. F. 1, 238; Verg. A. 8, 322; Arn. 4, 143; Lact. 1, 13;

or to Latinus,

the name of the mythical king, Varr. L. L. 5, § 32 Müll.], a country of Italy, in which Rome was situated, now Campagna di Roma, and a part of the Terra di Lavoro, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 54; Enn. ap. Acro. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 455); Cic. Rep. 2, 24, 44; Liv. 6, 21; 8, 13; Hor. C. 1, 12, 53; 1, 35, 10; id. C. S. 66; Mel. 3, 4, 2; consisting of two parts:

Latium vetus,

Tac. A. 4, 5;

or antiquum,

Verg. A. 7, 38; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 56; which was the original territory governed by Rome before the subjugation of the Æqui and Volsci, and:

Latium novum, or adjectum,

originally the territory of the Æqui, Volsci, Hernici, and Aurunci, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 59.—

Jus Latii, the political rights and privileges which belonged originally to the Latins, but were afterwards granted by the Romans to other people; this jus comprehended less than civitas Romana, but more than peregrinitas (cf. latinitas and Latini):

eodem anno Caesar nationes Alpium maritimarum in jus Latii transtulit,

Tac. A. 15, 32. —Also called Latium alone: aut majus est Latium aut minus; majus est Latium, cum et hi, qui decuriones leguntur, et ei qui honorem aliquem aut magistratum gerunt, civitatem Romanam consecuntur;

minus Latium est, cum hi tantum, qui vel magistratum vel honorem gerunt, ad civitatem Romanam perveniunt,

Gai. Inst. 1, 96; cf.:

Latium externis dilargiri,

Tac. H. 3, 55:

Latio dato,

Plin. 5, 2, 1, § 20:

Latio donata oppida,

id. 3, 1, 3, § 7.—

Hence,

Lătĭus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latian, Latin ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

agri,

the Latin territory, Ov. F. 2, 553; 3, 606; 5, 91:

gens,

id. ib. 4, 42; id. M. 14, 832:

lingua,

id. P. 2, 3, 75: palmes, vines growing in Latium, id. F. 4, 894:

boves,

Col. 6, 1, 2. — Poet., for Roman:

turba,

the Roman people, Ov. F. 1, 639:

parentes,

id. ib. 3, 243; cf.

matres,

id. ib. 4, 133:

annus,

the Roman year, id. ib. 1, 1:

vulnera,

of Roman soldiers, id. A. A. 1, 414.—

Lătīnus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Adj.: populi, the Latins, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 28 Müll. (Ann. v. 24 Vahl.); cf.

genus,

the Latins, Romans, Verg. A. 1, 6:

lingua,

the Latin language, Varr. L. L. 5, § 1 Müll.; cf.

opp. Graeca,

Cic. Fin. 1, 3, 10:

poëtae, opp. Graeci,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 10: via, beginning at the Porta Latina, near the Porta Capena, id. Clu. 59, 163; Liv. 2, 39; 10, 36 al.:

dies,

the days of the Roman calendar, the Roman year, Ov. F. 3, 177: feriae, the festival of the allied Latins, which was celebrated especially by offerings to Juppiter Latiaris on Mons Albanus, Varr. L. L. 6, § 25 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 1, 6, 15; Liv. 21, 63; 22, 1; more freq. absol.; v. in the foll. 2.: coloniae, which possessed the jus Latii, Cic. Caecin. 33 fin.; Suet. Caes. 8: nomen, Latin citizenship, also called jus Latii and Latinitas, Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41; Sall. J. 39, 2 (v. socius): casus, i. e. the ablative, Varr. ap. Diom. p. 277 P.:

tragici veteres,

Quint. 1, 8, 8:

esse illud Latinum (verbum),

Suet. Gram. 22.— Comp.: nihil Latinius legi, M. Aur. ap. Front. Ep. 2, 6 Mai.; cf.:

nihil Latinius tuis voluminibus,

Hier. Ep. 58, 9.— Sup.:

homo Latinissimus,

Hier. Ep. 50, 2.— Adv.: Lătīnē, in Latin:

Graece haec vocatur emporos: eadem Latine mercator,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 5; id. Cas. prol. 34:

Cumanis petentibus, ut publice Latine loquerentur, et praeconibus Latine vendendi jus esset,

in the Latin tongue, Liv. 40, 42 fin.:

scire,

to understand Latin, Cic. Caecin. 19, 55:

num Latine scit?

id. Phil. 5, 5, 13:

non enim tam praeclarum est scire Latine, quam turpe nescire,

id. Brut. 37, 140:

nescire,

Juv. 6, 188: reddere, to translate into Latin, Cic. de Or, 1, 34, 153; cf.

docere,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 9.—In partic.: Latine loqui, to speak with propriety or elegance:

Latine et diligenter loqui,

Cic. Brut. 45, 166; cf.:

ut pure et emendate loquentes, quod est Latine,

id. Opt. Gen. Or. 2, 4:

pure et Latine loqui,

id. de Or. 1, 32, 144.—Sometimes, also, like our to talk plain English, for, to speak out, to speak plainly or openly (syn. Romano more loqui):

(gladiator), ut appellant ii, qui plane et Latine loquuntur,

Cic. Phil. 7, 6, 17:

Latine me scitote, non accusatorie loqui,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 2:

poscere,

Juv. 11, 148:

formare,

to compose in Latin, Suet. Aug. 89: componere, id. Gram. init.—Comp.: Latinius, in better Latin (late Lat.), Front. Ep. ad M. Caes. 3, 6; Hier. in Isa. 8, 10.—

Subst.

Lătīni, ōrum, m.

The inhabitants of Latium, Latins, Liv. 1, 2 sq.; 1, 32 sq.; 2, 19 sq.; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; 3, 31, 112; Verg. A. 7, 367; Juv. 6, 44. —

Those who possessed the Latin rights of citizenship (jus Latii, Latinitas);

freq. in the connection, socii et Latini,

Cic. Balb. 8, 21; id. Sest. 13, 30; id. Lael. 3, 12 (v. socius).—

Latini Juniani, freedmen whose liberty was secured by the operation of the lex Junia Norbana (772 A. U. C.), Gai. Inst. 3, § 56.—

Lătīnae, ārum, f. (sc. feriae), the festival of the allied Latins, the Latin holidays, Liv. 5, 17; 19; Cic. Att. 1, 3; id. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2 fin.; id. poët. Div. 1, 11, 18.—

Lătīnum, i, n., Latin, the Latin language:

licet in Latinum illa convertere,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 14, 29:

in Latinum vertore,

Quint. 1, 5, 2.—

Lătīnĭensis, e, adj., Latin:

populi,

Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 69: ager, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10, 20.— In plur absol.: Lătīnĭenses, ĭum, m., the Latins, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 28, 62.—

Lătĭālis, and euphon. collat. form Lătĭāris, e (also Lătĭar, v. infra), adj., of or belonging to Latium, Latin.

Form Latialis:

populus,

the Latins, Romans, Ov. M. 15, 481:

sermo,

Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 7:

Juppiter,

Luc. 1, 198;

hence, also, caput,

a statue of Jupiter, id. 1, 535.— Lătĭālĭter, adv., in the Latin manner (post - class.):

peplo circa umeros involuto Latialiter tegebatur,

Mart. Cap. 5 init.:

nihil effari,

id. 6, § 587:

te Latialiter sonantem,

Sid. Carm. 23, 235 (al. Latiariter).—

Form Latiaris: Latiaris sancte Juppiter (Juppiter Latiaris was the guardian deity of the Latin confederacy, to whom the feriae Latinae were consecrated), Cic. Mil. 31, 85:

Juppiter,

Plin. 34, 7, 18, § 43 Sillig. N. cr.:

collis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 52 Müll.:

doctrina Latiaris,

Macr. S. 1, 2.— Adv.: Lătĭārĭter, v. in the preced. 1.—

Hence, subst.: Lătĭar, āris, n., the festival of Jupiter Latiaris:

confectum erat Latiar,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 4, 2; cf. Macr. S. 1, 16, 16.

lībertas (old form, loebertas; v. 1. liber init.), ātis, f. [1. liber], the state or condition of a freeman, a being free, freedom, liberty, freedom from restraint or obligation, [p. 1059] free will, etc.

In gen.:

quid est enim libertas? potestas vivendi, ut velis,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

ne majorem largiar ei, qui contra dicturus est, libertatem et licentiam,

id. Ac. 2, 10, 30:

praecidere sibi libertatem vivendi,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

tabella dat populo eam libertatem, ut, quod velint, faciant,

id. Planc. 6, 16:

libertas in ridendo, in plorando,

id. ib. 14, 33:

omnium rerum impunitam libertatem tenere,

id. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

libertas est naturalis facultas ejus quod cuique facere libet, nisi si quid vi aut jure prohibetur,

Just. Inst. 1, 3, 1.—With gen.:

feminae omnium rerum libertatem desiderant,

Liv. 34, 2 fin:

testamentorum,

Quint. 3, 6, 84:

verborum (with licentia figurarum),

id. 10, 1, 28:

dialogorum,

id. 10, 5, 15:

caeli,

the open air, id. 10, 3, 22.— Poet. with inf sit modo libertas, quae velit ira, loqui, Prop. 1, 1, 28:

nec mihi libertas imis freta tollere arenis,

Val. Fl. 1, 601.—

In partic.

Civil freedom, liberty, opp. to slavery:

Scaevae, servo Q. Crotonis, libertas data est,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31: alicujus libertati parcere, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

omnes homines naturā libertati studere et condicionem servitutis odisse,

Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.:

patriam et libertatem perdidi,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 50:

libertas paenulast tergo tuo,

id. Most. 4, 2, 74:

haruspex his promisit libertatem,

id. Poen. 5, 4, 54:

aliquem in libertatem asserere,

Suet. Vit. 10:

petitur puer in libertatem,

id. Rhet. 1:

libertatis condicio,

Ulp. Fragm. 2, 3:

favor libertatis,

Gai. Inst. 1, 21; Paul. Sent. 2, 23, 2:

libertatem dare,

Gai. Inst. 2, 200:

amittere,

id. ib. 1, 160 sq.—

In plur. (anteand post-class.):

tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, Quin, etc.,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 70:

pecunias et libertates servis et ante dono datas,

Tac. A. 15, 55:

in libertatibus dandis,

Gai. Inst. 2, § 228:

libertatium conservandarum causa,

Dig. 38, 1, 13, § 1:

lex (Fufia Caninia) cavet ut libertates servis testamento nominatim dentur,

Ulp. Fragm. 1, 25.—

Trop.:

se in libertatem vindicare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145; cf.:

in libertatem vindicati,

id. N. D. 1, 20, 56.—

Political freedom, liberty, or independence of a people not under monarchical rule, or not subject to another people (opp. servitus and dominatus):

aut exigendi reges non fuerunt: aut plebi re, non verbo danda libertas,

Cic. Leg. 3, 10 fin.:

aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt: populi Romani est propria libertas,

id. Phil. 6, 7 fin.; cf. id. ib. 3, 11 fin.:

in optimatium dominatu vix particeps libertatis potest esse multitudo,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

et a regum et a patrum dominatione solere in libertatem rem populi vindicari, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

alicui eripere libertatem,

id. ib. 1, 17, 28:

in libertate permanere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

libertatem accipere, recuperare,

id. ib. 7, 1 fin.:

plus communi libertati tribuere,

id. ib. 7, 37:

per dolum ac proditionem prope libertas amissa est,

Liv. 2, 3, 1:

conditor Romanae libertatis,

id. 8, 34.—

The spirit of liberty, consciousness of freedom:

dolor animi, innata libertas, prompta excellensque virtus,

Cic. Sest. 41, 88:

timefacta libertas,

id. Off. 2, 7, 24.—

Freedom of speech or thought, frankness, boldness, candor (mostly post-Aug.):

hoc mihi libertas, hoc pia lingua dedit,

Ov. H. 15, 68:

vera de exitu ejus magna cum libertate ominatus est,

Vell. 2, 71, 2:

quae in aliis libertas est, in aliis licentia vocatur,

Quint. 3, 8, 48:

affectatores libertatis,

id. 6, 2, 16; 10, 1, 94:

antiqua comoedia facundissimae libertatis,

id. 10, 1, 65:

vox honestissimae libertatis,

id. 11, 1, 37:

libertas ingenii,

Sall. J. 30, 3.—

Freedom from taxation, exemption:

aedium,

Dig. 8, 6, 18.—

Personified: Līber-tas, tatis, f., the goddess of Liberty, whose temple on the Aventine Hill was founded by the father of Tiberius Gracchus in the second Punic war; in the atrium of this temple the census-tables were preserved, Ov. F. 4, 624; Liv. 24, 17; 25, 7; 34, 44; 45, 15; Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Att. 4, 16, 14; id. N. D. 2, 23, 61. A statue of Libertas was erected by Clodius on the site of Cicero's house after it was pulled down, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3.

lībertas (old form, loebertas; v. 1. liber init.), ātis, f. [1. liber], the state or condition of a freeman, a being free, freedom, liberty, freedom from restraint or obligation, [p. 1059] free will, etc.

In gen.:

quid est enim libertas? potestas vivendi, ut velis,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 34:

ne majorem largiar ei, qui contra dicturus est, libertatem et licentiam,

id. Ac. 2, 10, 30:

praecidere sibi libertatem vivendi,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 1, § 3:

tabella dat populo eam libertatem, ut, quod velint, faciant,

id. Planc. 6, 16:

libertas in ridendo, in plorando,

id. ib. 14, 33:

omnium rerum impunitam libertatem tenere,

id. de Or. 1, 52, 226:

libertas est naturalis facultas ejus quod cuique facere libet, nisi si quid vi aut jure prohibetur,

Just. Inst. 1, 3, 1.—With gen.:

feminae omnium rerum libertatem desiderant,

Liv. 34, 2 fin:

testamentorum,

Quint. 3, 6, 84:

verborum (with licentia figurarum),

id. 10, 1, 28:

dialogorum,

id. 10, 5, 15:

caeli,

the open air, id. 10, 3, 22.— Poet. with inf sit modo libertas, quae velit ira, loqui, Prop. 1, 1, 28:

nec mihi libertas imis freta tollere arenis,

Val. Fl. 1, 601.—

In partic.

Civil freedom, liberty, opp. to slavery:

Scaevae, servo Q. Crotonis, libertas data est,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 11, 31: alicujus libertati parcere, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 206 Vahl.):

omnes homines naturā libertati studere et condicionem servitutis odisse,

Caes. B. G. 3, 10 fin.:

patriam et libertatem perdidi,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 50:

libertas paenulast tergo tuo,

id. Most. 4, 2, 74:

haruspex his promisit libertatem,

id. Poen. 5, 4, 54:

aliquem in libertatem asserere,

Suet. Vit. 10:

petitur puer in libertatem,

id. Rhet. 1:

libertatis condicio,

Ulp. Fragm. 2, 3:

favor libertatis,

Gai. Inst. 1, 21; Paul. Sent. 2, 23, 2:

libertatem dare,

Gai. Inst. 2, 200:

amittere,

id. ib. 1, 160 sq.—

In plur. (anteand post-class.):

tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, Quin, etc.,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 70:

pecunias et libertates servis et ante dono datas,

Tac. A. 15, 55:

in libertatibus dandis,

Gai. Inst. 2, § 228:

libertatium conservandarum causa,

Dig. 38, 1, 13, § 1:

lex (Fufia Caninia) cavet ut libertates servis testamento nominatim dentur,

Ulp. Fragm. 1, 25.—

Trop.:

se in libertatem vindicare,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 145; cf.:

in libertatem vindicati,

id. N. D. 1, 20, 56.—

Political freedom, liberty, or independence of a people not under monarchical rule, or not subject to another people (opp. servitus and dominatus):

aut exigendi reges non fuerunt: aut plebi re, non verbo danda libertas,

Cic. Leg. 3, 10 fin.:

aliae nationes servitutem pati possunt: populi Romani est propria libertas,

id. Phil. 6, 7 fin.; cf. id. ib. 3, 11 fin.:

in optimatium dominatu vix particeps libertatis potest esse multitudo,

id. Rep. 1, 27, 43:

et a regum et a patrum dominatione solere in libertatem rem populi vindicari, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 32, 48:

alicui eripere libertatem,

id. ib. 1, 17, 28:

in libertate permanere,

Caes. B. G. 3, 8:

libertatem accipere, recuperare,

id. ib. 7, 1 fin.:

plus communi libertati tribuere,

id. ib. 7, 37:

per dolum ac proditionem prope libertas amissa est,

Liv. 2, 3, 1:

conditor Romanae libertatis,

id. 8, 34.—

The spirit of liberty, consciousness of freedom:

dolor animi, innata libertas, prompta excellensque virtus,

Cic. Sest. 41, 88:

timefacta libertas,

id. Off. 2, 7, 24.—

Freedom of speech or thought, frankness, boldness, candor (mostly post-Aug.):

hoc mihi libertas, hoc pia lingua dedit,

Ov. H. 15, 68:

vera de exitu ejus magna cum libertate ominatus est,

Vell. 2, 71, 2:

quae in aliis libertas est, in aliis licentia vocatur,

Quint. 3, 8, 48:

affectatores libertatis,

id. 6, 2, 16; 10, 1, 94:

antiqua comoedia facundissimae libertatis,

id. 10, 1, 65:

vox honestissimae libertatis,

id. 11, 1, 37:

libertas ingenii,

Sall. J. 30, 3.—

Freedom from taxation, exemption:

aedium,

Dig. 8, 6, 18.—

Personified: Līber-tas, tatis, f., the goddess of Liberty, whose temple on the Aventine Hill was founded by the father of Tiberius Gracchus in the second Punic war; in the atrium of this temple the census-tables were preserved, Ov. F. 4, 624; Liv. 24, 17; 25, 7; 34, 44; 45, 15; Cic. Mil. 22, 59; id. Att. 4, 16, 14; id. N. D. 2, 23, 61. A statue of Libertas was erected by Clodius on the site of Cicero's house after it was pulled down, Cic. Att. 4, 2, 3.

lōrīco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [lorica], to clothe in mail, to mail, to harness.

Lit.:

statua loricata,

Liv. 23, 19:

equites loricati,

id. 37, 40:

ornatus loricatusque elephantus cum esset, ubi pluribus coriis se loricavit,

Plin. 8, 24, 36, § 88:

(salmonis) loricatum pectus,

Aus. Mos. 101.—

In partic.:

AD LORICATA, perh. the title of the person intrusted with the care of the mailed statue of Cæsar in the Forum,

Inscr. Orell. 2893 (for which:

A LORICATA,

ib. 2894).—

Transf., to cover with plastering, to plaster, Varr. R. R. 1, 57.—Hence, lōrĭcātus, a, um, P. a., harnessed, clad in mail:

cum loricatus in foro ambularet,

Quint. 8, 5, 15.

lōrīco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [lorica], to clothe in mail, to mail, to harness.

Lit.:

statua loricata,

Liv. 23, 19:

equites loricati,

id. 37, 40:

ornatus loricatusque elephantus cum esset, ubi pluribus coriis se loricavit,

Plin. 8, 24, 36, § 88:

(salmonis) loricatum pectus,

Aus. Mos. 101.—

In partic.:

AD LORICATA, perh. the title of the person intrusted with the care of the mailed statue of Cæsar in the Forum,

Inscr. Orell. 2893 (for which:

A LORICATA,

ib. 2894).—

Transf., to cover with plastering, to plaster, Varr. R. R. 1, 57.—Hence, lōrĭcātus, a, um, P. a., harnessed, clad in mail:

cum loricatus in foro ambularet,

Quint. 8, 5, 15.

lyciscus, i, m., = lukiskos, a wolfdog:

lycisci dicuntur canes nati ex lupis et canibus, cum inter se forte miscentur,

Isid. Orig. 12, 2.—

Lyciscus, the name of a beautiful boy, Hor. Epod. 11, 24.—

A boy whose statue was made by Leochares, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 79.

lyciscus, i, m., = lukiskos, a wolfdog:

lycisci dicuntur canes nati ex lupis et canibus, cum inter se forte miscentur,

Isid. Orig. 12, 2.—

Lyciscus, the name of a beautiful boy, Hor. Epod. 11, 24.—

A boy whose statue was made by Leochares, Plin. 34, 8, 19, § 79.

marmor, ŏris (also marmur; plur. marmura, Antonius Gripho ap. Quint. 1, 6, 23; abl. marmori, Corp. Inscr. L. 1012; m., Plin. Val. 3, 14), n. [root mar-, gleam, glimmer (v. mare), the white or gleaming stone; cf. margarita, = marmaros], marble.

Lit.:

in omni marmore,

Cic. Div. 2, 21, 48:

Parium marmor,

Quint. 2, 19, 3; 5, 11, 30:

tu secanda marmora Locas,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 17:

templum de marmore ponam,

Verg. G. 3, 13; cf.:

vivos ducent de marmore vultus,

id. A. 6, 848:

parietes crusta marmoris operire totius domus,

Plin. 36, 6, 7, § 48:

A MARMORIBVS,

one whose office it was to superintend the purchasing and working of marble, Inscr. Grut. 593, 7:

marmora,

kinds of marble, Sen. Ep. 100, 5; Plin. 36, 7, 11, § 54; 36, 16, 25, § 126; but blocks or pieces of marble, Hor. l. l.; Luc. 10, 114; Plin. 24, 17, 102, § 160; 36, 1, 1, § 2; Quint. 5, 11, 30; Mart. 5, 22, 8; v. infra.—

Transf.

Pulverized marble, marble-dust, Cato, R. R. 2, 3; Col. 12, 20 fin.; Plin. 14, 19, 24, § 120; 23, 1, 24, § 45.—

A marble, i. e.,

A piece of wrought marble, marble statue, etc.:

Praxiteles marmore nobilitatus est Gnidiaque Venere,

Plin. 7, 38, 39, § 127; Hor. C. 4, 8, 13; Ov. M. 5, 234; 12, 487:

duo marmora,

id. ib. 7, 790; cf.:

lacrimas marmora manant,

id. ib. 6, 312; so plur., Sen. Ep. 90, 26; Plin. 12, 1, 5, § 9; 33, 7, 40, § 122; Stat. Silv. 1, 3, 36; Juv. 1, 12; 14, 40 et saep.—

A building of marble, Mart. 8, 3, 6; 10, 63, 1.—

In plur., a marble pavement, Mart. 10, 2, 9; 12, 60, 12; Claud. ap. Eutr. 2, 360; Juv. 6, 430.—

A mile-stone of marble:

rus marmore tertio notatum,

i. e. three miles from town, Mart. 7, 31, 10.—

A marble slab upon a sideboard, Juv. 3, 205.—

A hard, stony tumor in the joints of the horse:

plerumque in genibus aut phlegmon oritur, aut marmora,

Veg. Vet. 2, 48, 1:

tumor obduratione convertitur in marmor,

id. ib. 2, 48, 10.—

Stone in gen., Ov. M. 5, 214; 11, 404:

flumen inducit marmora rebus,

incrusts, id. ib. 15, 314.—

Poet., the bright level surface of the sea; hence, the surface of the sea, the sea in gen.: verrunt extemplo placide mare marmore flavo, Enn. ap. Gell. 2, 26, 21 (Ann. v. 377 Vahl.); Lucr. 2, 767:

lento luctantur marmore tonsae,

Verg. A. 7, 28; id. G. 1, 254:

Libycum,

id. A. 7, 718:

spumant vada marmore verso,

id. ib. 10, 208:

marmora pelagi,

Cat. 63, 88:

infidum,

Sil. 14, 464:

medium,

the surface of a lake, Val. Fl. 6, 568.

marmŏrĕus, a, um, adj. [marmor], made or consisting of marble, marble-.

Lit. (class.):

signum aëneum, marmoreum, eburneum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 1, § 1:

tecta,

id. Par. 1, 3, 13:

solum,

a floor, id. ib. 6, 3, 49: facere aliquem marmoreum, to make of marble, i. e. as a marble statue, Verg. E. 7, 35:

ponere aliquem marmoreum,

Hor. C. 4, 1, 20:

colossus,

Juv. 8, 230:

villa,

id. 4, 112.—

Transf.

Of or pertaining to marble, marble- (very rare):

ars,

Vitr. 4, 1.—

Resembling marble (in whiteness or smoothness), marble-like, marble- (mostly poet.): pectus, Lucil. ap. Non. 391, 26:

cervix,

Verg. G. 4, 523:

pollex,

Ov. M. 13, 746:

palmae,

id. ib. 3, 481:

pedes,

id. Am. 2, 11, 15:

manus,

Mart. 8, 56, 14:

candor,

marblewhiteness, Lucr. 2, 765:

color,

i. e. whiteness, id. 2, 775:

Paros (from its famous marble quarries),

Ov. M. 7, 465:

gelu,

id. F. 4. 918:

aequor,

Verg. A. 6, 729.—

Adorned with statues:

Lucanus in hortis marmoreis,

Juv. 7, 80.