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species+in+the+wild

  • 81 Pashm

    PASHM, PASHMINA, PASHIM, PUSH-MINA
    The fine, downy hair obtained from several species of goats in Kashmir and other parts of India. The hair of the goat is cut off once a year with a blunt knife, leaving the soft pashm, or undergrowth of hair behind. The pashm is combed out, pulled apart and all coarser fibres are picked out by hand. The finest quality is yielded by a domesticated goat and from this type the finest Kashmir shawls are made, this variety is called Turfani pashm, or phum, or simply pashm. A lower grade is Phiri. Another variety is obtained from a wild goat and this hair is usually coloured (black or grey). The black is known as Shabri, and the grey as Shah-tush, this type, although genuine pashm, is not so; high in quality as the domestic type. Pashmina is the finest fibre among the wools and hairs, and is the wool used for the finest Cashmere shawls and other Kashmir products. ————————
    PASHMINA SUBSTITUTES, PASHM
    The comparatively scarce Ibex, which yields a white or silver-grey hair, Changtain Pashmina (also called Kuhlchack or Ralchack). In the later years of the 19th century a very soft wool was imported from Southern Persia to Kashmir, under the name of Kirmani Pashm, and used in some of the Kashmir products. Other substitutes came from Afghanistan under the name of Kabul Pashm. The Yak is included by some authorities as a pashm producing animal.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Pashm

  • 82 φύσις

    φύσις, εως, ἡ (φύω; Hom.+)
    condition or circumstance as determined by birth, natural endowment/condition, nature, esp. as inherited fr. one’s ancestors, in contrast to status or characteristics that are acquired after birth (Isocr. 4, 105 φύσει πολίτης; Isaeus 6, 28 φύσει υἱός; Pla., Menex. 245d φύσει βάρβαροι, νόμῳ Ἕλληνες; Just., A I, 1, 1 Καίσαρος φύσει υἱῷ; SIG 720, 3; OGI 472, 4; 558, 6 al.; PFay 19, 11.—Theoph. Ant. 1, 13 [p. 86, 16]) ἡμεῖς φύσει Ἰουδαῖοι Gal 2:15 (cp. Ptolemaeus, Περὶ Ἡρῴδου τ. βασιλέως: no. 199 Jac. [I A.D.] Ἰουδαῖοι … ἐξ ἀρχῆς φυσικοί; Jos., Ant. 7, 130; φύσει Λιμναίου IK XXXVII, 15, 3 of the birth daughter of L. in contrast to her adoptive relationship w. one named Arsas). ἡ ἐκ φύσεως ἀκροβυστία the uncircumcision that is so by nature (a ref. to non-Israelites, who lack the moral cultivation of those who are circumcised and yet ‘observe the upright requirements of the law’ [Ro 2:26]. Israelites who violate their responsibilities to God, despite their privileged position indicated by receipt of circumcision and special revelation, run the risk of placing themselves in the condition of the uncircumcised) Ro 2:27. ἤμεθα τέκνα φύσει ὀργῆς we were, in our natural condition (as descendants of Adam), subject to (God’s) wrath Eph 2:3 (the position of φύσει betw. the two words as Plut., Mor. 701a; DTurner, Grace Theological Journal 1, ’80, 195–219). The Christians of Tralles have a blameless disposition οὐ κατὰ χρῆσιν, ἀλλὰ κατὰ φύσιν not from habit, but by nature ITr 1:1 (here the contrast is between perfunctory virtue and spontaneous or instinctive behavior; Pindar sim. extolled the virtues of athletes who, in contrast to those w. mere acquired learning, reflected their ancestral breeding for excellence: O. 7, 90–92; P. 10, 11–14; N. 3, 40–42; 6, 8–16). οἱ κατὰ φύσιν κλάδοι the natural branches Ro 11:21, 24c. ἡ κατὰ φύσιν ἀγριέλαιος a tree which by nature is a wild olive vs. 24a; opp. παρὰ φύσιν contrary to nature vs. 24b; s. lit. s.v. ἀγριέλαιος and ἐλαία 1. On κατὰ and παρὰ φύσιν s. MPohlenz, Die Stoa I ’48, 488c.
    the natural character of an entity, natural characteristic/disposition (χρυσὸς … τὴν ἰδίαν φ. διαφυλάττει Iren. 1, 6, 2 [Harv. I 55, 2]; Hippol., Ref. 5, 8, 12) ἡ φύσις ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη human nature (Pla., Tht. 149b, Tim. 90c; Aristot. 1286b, 27; Epict. 2, 20, 18; Philo, Ebr. 166 al.; Aelian, VH 8, 11 τῶν ἀνθρώπων φύσις θνητή; TestJob 3:3 ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη φ.; Orig., C. Cels. 1, 52, 13; Just., A II, 6, 3 τῇ φύσει τῶν ἀνθρώπων) Js 3:7b (unless the sense should be humankind, s. 4 below). Euphemistically: παρθένος ἐγέννησεν, ἃ οὐ χωρεῖ ἡ φύσις αὐτῆς while remaining a virgin, a virgin has had a child or a virgin has given birth, something that does not accord w. her natural condition (as a virgin) GJs 19:3. τὸ ἀδύνατον τῆς ἡμετέρας φύσεως the weakness of our nature Dg 9:6. θείας κοινωνοὶ φύσεως sharers in the divine nature 2 Pt 1:4 (cp. ὅσοι φύσεως κοινωνοῦντες ἀνθρω[πίν]ης IReisenKN, p. 371, 46f; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 232 θείας μετεσχηκέναι φύσεως; Himerius, Or. 48 [=Or. 14], 26 of Dionysus: πρὶν εἰς θεῶν φύσιν ἐλθεῖν=before he attained to the nature of the gods; Ar. 13, 5 μία φ. τῶν θεῶν. Difft. AWolters, Calvin Theological Journal 25, ’90, 28–44 ‘partners of the Deity’).—Also specif. of sexual characteristics (Diod S 16, 26, 6 originally παρθένοι prophesied in Delphi διὰ τὸ τῆς φύσεως ἀδιάφθορον=because their sexuality was uncorrupted. φύσις of sex and its change Dicaearchus, Fgm. 37 W.; ἑρμαφροδίτου φ. Iren. 1, 11, 5 [Harv. I 108, 8]. Obviously φ. also has the concrete mng. ‘sex organ’: Nicander, Fgm. 107; Diod S 32, 10, 7 φ. ἄρρενος corresponding to φ. θηλείας following immediately; Anton. Lib. 41, 5; Phlegon: 257 Fgm. 36, 2, 1 Jac.). In the context of Mary’s virginal delivery ἐραυνήσω τὴν φύσιν αὐτῆς= I will examine whether she remains a virgin GJs 19:3b; 20:1 (where Tdf. with codd. reads ἔβαλε Σαλώμη τὸν δάκτυλον αὐτῆς εἰς τὴν φύσιν αὐτῆς [cp. J 20:25]). The hyena παρʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ἀλλάσσει τὴν φύσιν changes its nature every year, fr. male to female and vice versa B 10:7 (s. ὕαινα). Polytheists worship τοῖς φύσει μὴ οὖσιν θεοῖς beings that are by nature no gods at all Gal 4:8 (s. CLanger, Euhemeros u. die Theorie der φύσει u. θέσει θεοί: Αγγελος II 1926, 53–59; Mel., P. 8, 58 φύσει θεὸς ὢν καὶ ἄνθρωπος; Synes., Prov. 1, 9 p. 97c τοῖς φύσει θεοῖς; Diod S 3, 9, 1 differentiates between two kinds of gods: some αἰώνιον ἔχειν κ. ἄφθαρτον τὴν φύσιν, others θνητῆς φύσεως κεκοινωνηκέναι κ. διʼ ἀρετὴν … τετευχέναι τιμῶν ἀθανάτων=some ‘have an everlasting and incorruptible nature’, others ‘share mortal nature and then, because of their personal excellence, … attain immortal honors’).—ὅταν ἔθνη φύσει τὰ τοῦ νόμου ποιῶσιν when gentiles spontaneously (i.e. without extraneous legal instruction; cp. the prophetic ideal Jer 31:32–34) fulfill the demands of the (Mosaic) law Ro 2:14 (s. WMundle, Theol. Blätter 13, ’34, 249–56 [the gentile as Christian under direction of the πνεῦμα]; difft. s. 3 below).
    the regular or established order of things, nature (Ar. 4, 2 κατὰ ἀπαραίτητον φύσεως ἀνάγκην=in accordance with the non-negotiable order of things; Ath. 3, 1 νόμῳ φύσεως) μετήλλαξαν τὴν φυσικὴν χρῆσιν εἰς τὴν παρὰ φύσιν they exchanged the natural function for one contrary to nature Ro 1:26 (Diod S 32, 11, 1 παρὰ φύσιν ὁμιλία; Appian, Bell. Civ. 1, 109 §511; Athen. 13, 605d οἱ παρὰ φύσιν τῇ Ἀφροδίτῃ χρώμενοι=those who indulge in Aphrodite contrary to nature; TestNapht 3:4; Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 39 ὁ παιδεραστὴς τὴν παρὰ φύσιν ἡδονὴν διώκει=a lover of boys pursues unnatural pleasure; Jos., C. Ap. 2, 273; Tat. 3:4; Ath. 26, 2; on φ. as definer of order s. JKube, ΤΕΧΝΗ und ΑΡΕΤΗ ’69, esp. 44–46; on relation to κτίσι in Paul, s. OWischmeyer, ZTK 93, ’96, 352–75). ὅταν ἔθνη φύσει τὰ τοῦ νόμου ποιῶσιν when gentiles fulfil the law’s demands by following the natural order (of things) Ro 2:14 (cp. Ltzm., Hdb., exc. on Ro 2:14–16; but s. 2 above). ἡ φύσις διδάσκει ὑμᾶς 1 Cor 11:14 (Epict. 1, 16, 9f; Plut., Mor. 478d; Synes., Calv. [Baldhead] 14 p. 78c φύσις as well as νόμος prescribes long hair for women, short hair for men.—Ltzm., Hdb. ad loc.). τὸ ὄνομα, ὸ̔ κέκτησθε φύσει δικαίᾳ the name which you bear because of a just natural order IEph 1:1 (s. Hdb. ad loc.—τῇ φ. τὸ ἀγαθὸν ἀνώφορόν ἐστιν Did., Gen. 21, 5.—JKleist, transl. ’46, 119 n. 2 suggests ‘natural disposition’).—RGrant, Miracle and Natural Law ’52, 4–18.
    an entity as a product of nature, natural being, creature (X., Cyr. 6, 2, 29 πᾶσα φύσις=every creature; 3 Macc 3:29.—Diod S 2, 49, 4 plants are called φύσεις καρποφοροῦσαι; 3, 6, 2 θνητὴ φ.= a mortal creature. Ps.-Callisth. 1, 10, 1 ἀνθρωπίνη φ. = a human creature. It can also mean species [X. et al.; 4 Macc 1:20; Philo] and then at times disappear in translation: Ps.-Pla, Epin. 948d ἡ τῶν ἄστρων φύσις=the stars; X., Lac. 3, 4 ἡ τῶν θηλειῶν φύσις=the women; Aristot., Part. An. 1, 5 περὶ τῆς ζῳϊκῆς φ.=on animals) πᾶσα φύσις θηρίων κτλ. Js 3:7a. Also prob. ἡ φ. ἡ ἀνθρωπίνη humankind 3:7b; s. 2 above.—Kl. Pauly IV 841–44 (lit.).—DELG s.v. φύομαι C 6. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > φύσις

  • 83 रौद्र


    raudrá
    raúdra

    mf (ā orᅠ ī)n. (fr. rudra) relating orᅠ belonging to orᅠ coming from Rudra orᅠ the Rudras, Rudra-like, violent, impetuous, fierce, wild (am ind.) RV. etc. etc.;

    bringing orᅠ betokening misfortune, inauspicious R. Var. ;
    m. a descendant of Rudra MBh. ;
    a worshipper of Rudra W. ;
    (pl., orᅠ sg. with gaṇa) a class of evil spirits Hariv. ;
    (scil. rasa) the sentiment of wrath orᅠ fury Sāh. Pratāp. ;
    N. of Yama L. ;
    the cold season of the year, winter L. ;
    a partic. Ketu VarBṛS. ;
    N. of the 54th year of the Jupiter cycle of 60 years ib. ;
    (pl.) N. of a people MBh. ;
    ( alsoᅠ n.) heat, warmth, sunshine L. ;
    ( alsoᅠ n. andᅠ ī f.) N. of the Nakshatra Ārdrā when under Rudra VarBṛS. ;
    (ī) f. N. of Gaurī L. ;
    one of the 9 Samidhs Gṛihyās. ;
    a partic. Ṡakti Hcat. ;
    (in music.) a partic. Ṡruti Saṃgīt. ;
    a partic. Mūrchanā ib. ;
    a species of creeper L. ;
    N. of the Comms. on the Tattva-cintāmaṇi-dīdhiti andᅠ the Nyāya-siddhânta-muktâvalī by Rudra Bhaṭṭâcārya;
    (with megha-mālā andᅠ ṡānti) of two older wks.;
    n. savageness, fierceness, formidableness Kathās. Suṡr. ;
    N. of a Liṇga Cat. ;
    of various Sāmans ĀrshBr. ;
    - रौद्रकर्मन्
    - रौद्रता
    - रौद्रदंष्ट्र
    - रौद्रदर्शन
    - रौद्रनेत्रा
    - रौद्रपाद
    - रौद्रमनस्

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > रौद्र

  • 84 ♦ decline

    ♦ decline /dɪˈklaɪn/
    n. [uc]
    1 declino: to be on the decline, essere in declino; the decline of the Roman Empire [of the steel industry], il declino dell'Impero Romano [dell'industria dell'acciaio]; The industry has been in decline for decades, l'industria è in declino da decenni; With the closure of the mines the area fell into decline, con la chiusura delle miniere, la regione è caduta in declino; economic decline, declino economico
    2 diminuzione; calo: a decline in population, una diminuzione della popolazione; a decline of 10% in the company's share price, un calo del 10% nel prezzo delle azioni della società; a decline in interest rates, un calo dei tassi d'interesse; a decline in business activity, una diminuzione degli affari
    3 (antiq.) il declinare, il tramonto (fig.)
    4 (med. antiq.) consunzione: He fell into a rapid decline and died, è andato rapidamente in consunzione ed è morto.
    ♦ (to) decline /dɪˈklaɪn/
    A v. i.
    1 declinare; peggiorare; His health began to decline, la sua salute ha cominciato a declinare
    2 diminuire, calare: Prices [rates] are beginning to decline, i prezzi [i corsi] cominciano a calare; to decline in price, calare di prezzo; The share price declined by 8%, il prezzo delle azioni è diminuito dell'8%; Wild bird species have declined sharply, le specie di uccelli selvatici sono diminuite drasticamente; After reaching a peak in 2005, membership declined rapidly, dopo aver raggiunto una punta nel 2005, le adesioni sono rapidamente calate; Demand has declined sharply, la domanda ha subito una forte flessione; Trade in foodstuffs continued to decline, il commercio di generi alimentari continuava a registrare una flessione; to decline steadily, essere in calo costante
    3 (gramm.: di un sostantivo, ecc.) declinarsi
    4 (arc.: del sole) calare, tramontare
    B v. t.
    1 (form.) declinare; rifiutare (cortesemente): to decline an invitation, declinare un invito; to decline an offer, rifiutare un'offerta; We asked him to come but he declined, gli abbiamo chiesto di venire, ma ha detto di no; She declined to give an explanation for her actions, ha rifiutato di dare una spiegazione per le sue azioni; (leg.) to decline any liability, declinare ogni responsabilità NOTA D'USO: - to refuse, to decline o to deny?-
    2 (gramm.) declinare
    ● (leg.) to decline jurisdiction, dichiarare la propria incompetenza.

    English-Italian dictionary > ♦ decline

  • 85 manage

    •• manage, management

    •• Manage 1. to have under effective control. 2. to be the manager (of a business, etc.) 3. to succeed in doing or producing something, to be able to cope. 4. to contrive to persuade (a person) to do what one wants (Oxford American Dictionary).
    •• Один из «вечных спутников» англо-русского переводчика – слово, казалось бы, понятное, но доставляющее массу хлопот. Хотя и у глагола, и у существительного есть несколько простых, сразу приходящих в голову русских переводов – управлять, руководить, справляться, соответственно – управление, руководство, дирекция и т.п., можно привести множество примеров, когда эти русские слова не способны выручить переводчика. Вот несколько предложений из текущей периодики:
    •• 1. [British companies] undertook to phase out the use and sale of wood and wood products that did not come from well-managed forests (International Herald Tribune);
    •• 2. They may provide a model for better management of many other commercially exploited wild species, such as fish;
    •• 3. The political process for managing more dispersed power is very ad hoc [ in China] (World Link);
    •• 4. It was a sign of maturity and skillful diplomatic management of nationalism that both Japan and China kept the lid on the process (World Link);
    •• 5. China’s behavior regarding Hong Kong... is a guide to how China will manage domestic change (World Link).
    •• Примеров, когда слова manage, management не так просто перевести «с ходу», очень много. Иногда, «чтобы не мучиться», договариваются об условном переводе, который превращается в термин (а термин – всегда своего рода условное обозначение, понимание которого зависит от полноты знания предмета). Так появилось управление рыбными запасами ( management of fish stocks). Приходилось встречать и такой перевод словосочетания crisis management управление кризисом (иногда регулирование кризиса). И все же пока многие такие переводы не приобрели терминологического характера, а если это и произойдет, то понимание их будет доступно главным образом специалистам. Не слишком большую помощь оказывают и двуязычные словари. Как часто бывает, предлагаемые переводы неплохи в конкретном случае, но мало что дают в других контекстах, а их у таких «многовалентных» слов может быть несчетное количество.
    •• Рекомендую заглянуть в словари синонимов английского языка. Их полезно иметь под рукой не только переводчику на английский, пытающемуся поймать ускользающее слово, но и при переводе с английского, когда другие средства (включая крепкие, например, кофе) не помогают. Неплохой советчик – словарь Родейла (The Synonym Finder by J.I. Rodale). На слово manage он дает пять значений и в общей сложности 61 синоним! Не буду лишать читателя удовольствия самому достать этот словарь (это может оказаться нелегко) и прочитать эту словарную статью. (Кстати, не менее интересна и статья management.) Приведу лишь некоторые синонимы, помогающие «ощутить» значение этого слова и найти удачный перевод: arrange; direct, order; regulate, administer, control; influence; mastermind; operate, handle, manipulate; cope, function; conduct. Последние синонимы особенно интересны. Действительно, слова manage, management часто подразумевают определенные действия или поведение в каких-то конкретных условиях: crisis management действия в условиях кризиса. Нередко в переводе на русский выручают такие слова, как регулирование (но не урегулирование!), контроль, система мер (the management of contagious disease – система мер по борьбе с инфекционными заболеваниями; managed health care (амер.) – регулирование в области здравоохранения или «организованная медицина»). В этом же диапазоне значений находится слово manageable, перевод которого не так труден: The situation is manageable. – Ситуация под контролем, т.е. относительно нормальная, с ситуацией можно справиться.
    •• Теперь вернемся к нашим примерам, для экономии места предлагая только перевод интересующего нас фрагмента текста: 1. ...рационально используемые леса. 2. ...более разумная коммерческая эксплуатация (вариант: более умелое регулирование коммерческой эксплуатации) других видов флоры и фауны... 3. Политическая система не отражает в полной мере децентрализацию власти. 4. ...умелая дипломатическая реакция на проблемы, которые ставит национализм. 5. ...даст представление о том, как Китай будет вести себя в условиях перемен внутри страны.
    •• Еще два интересных примера (из статьи бывшего посла Великобритании в СССР Р.Брейтвейта в журнале Profile): Until [Kozyrev] was replaced by Primakov, there was little serious attempt to manage the disagreement between Russia and [NATO]. В переводе можно было бы прибегнуть к словам регулировать или отрегулировать, но, на мой взгляд, они будут не совсем точны. Пожалуй, лучше здесь конкретизация: ...не было сделано попытки вступить в серьезный диалог по разногласиям между Россией и НАТО. [This] is an odd way to manage the choices that Europe faces. – Это странный подход к альтернативам, с которыми сталкивается Европа.

    English-Russian nonsystematic dictionary > manage

  • 86 management

    •• manage, management

    •• Manage 1. to have under effective control. 2. to be the manager (of a business, etc.) 3. to succeed in doing or producing something, to be able to cope. 4. to contrive to persuade (a person) to do what one wants (Oxford American Dictionary).
    •• Один из «вечных спутников» англо-русского переводчика – слово, казалось бы, понятное, но доставляющее массу хлопот. Хотя и у глагола, и у существительного есть несколько простых, сразу приходящих в голову русских переводов – управлять, руководить, справляться, соответственно – управление, руководство, дирекция и т.п., можно привести множество примеров, когда эти русские слова не способны выручить переводчика. Вот несколько предложений из текущей периодики:
    •• 1. [British companies] undertook to phase out the use and sale of wood and wood products that did not come from well-managed forests (International Herald Tribune);
    •• 2. They may provide a model for better management of many other commercially exploited wild species, such as fish;
    •• 3. The political process for managing more dispersed power is very ad hoc [ in China] (World Link);
    •• 4. It was a sign of maturity and skillful diplomatic management of nationalism that both Japan and China kept the lid on the process (World Link);
    •• 5. China’s behavior regarding Hong Kong... is a guide to how China will manage domestic change (World Link).
    •• Примеров, когда слова manage, management не так просто перевести «с ходу», очень много. Иногда, «чтобы не мучиться», договариваются об условном переводе, который превращается в термин (а термин – всегда своего рода условное обозначение, понимание которого зависит от полноты знания предмета). Так появилось управление рыбными запасами ( management of fish stocks). Приходилось встречать и такой перевод словосочетания crisis management управление кризисом (иногда регулирование кризиса). И все же пока многие такие переводы не приобрели терминологического характера, а если это и произойдет, то понимание их будет доступно главным образом специалистам. Не слишком большую помощь оказывают и двуязычные словари. Как часто бывает, предлагаемые переводы неплохи в конкретном случае, но мало что дают в других контекстах, а их у таких «многовалентных» слов может быть несчетное количество.
    •• Рекомендую заглянуть в словари синонимов английского языка. Их полезно иметь под рукой не только переводчику на английский, пытающемуся поймать ускользающее слово, но и при переводе с английского, когда другие средства (включая крепкие, например, кофе) не помогают. Неплохой советчик – словарь Родейла (The Synonym Finder by J.I. Rodale). На слово manage он дает пять значений и в общей сложности 61 синоним! Не буду лишать читателя удовольствия самому достать этот словарь (это может оказаться нелегко) и прочитать эту словарную статью. (Кстати, не менее интересна и статья management.) Приведу лишь некоторые синонимы, помогающие «ощутить» значение этого слова и найти удачный перевод: arrange; direct, order; regulate, administer, control; influence; mastermind; operate, handle, manipulate; cope, function; conduct. Последние синонимы особенно интересны. Действительно, слова manage, management часто подразумевают определенные действия или поведение в каких-то конкретных условиях: crisis management действия в условиях кризиса. Нередко в переводе на русский выручают такие слова, как регулирование (но не урегулирование!), контроль, система мер (the management of contagious disease – система мер по борьбе с инфекционными заболеваниями; managed health care (амер.) – регулирование в области здравоохранения или «организованная медицина»). В этом же диапазоне значений находится слово manageable, перевод которого не так труден: The situation is manageable. – Ситуация под контролем, т.е. относительно нормальная, с ситуацией можно справиться.
    •• Теперь вернемся к нашим примерам, для экономии места предлагая только перевод интересующего нас фрагмента текста: 1. ...рационально используемые леса. 2. ...более разумная коммерческая эксплуатация (вариант: более умелое регулирование коммерческой эксплуатации) других видов флоры и фауны... 3. Политическая система не отражает в полной мере децентрализацию власти. 4. ...умелая дипломатическая реакция на проблемы, которые ставит национализм. 5. ...даст представление о том, как Китай будет вести себя в условиях перемен внутри страны.
    •• Еще два интересных примера (из статьи бывшего посла Великобритании в СССР Р.Брейтвейта в журнале Profile): Until [Kozyrev] was replaced by Primakov, there was little serious attempt to manage the disagreement between Russia and [NATO]. В переводе можно было бы прибегнуть к словам регулировать или отрегулировать, но, на мой взгляд, они будут не совсем точны. Пожалуй, лучше здесь конкретизация: ...не было сделано попытки вступить в серьезный диалог по разногласиям между Россией и НАТО. [This] is an odd way to manage the choices that Europe faces. – Это странный подход к альтернативам, с которыми сталкивается Европа.

    English-Russian nonsystematic dictionary > management

  • 87 catoblepas

    cătōblĕpas, ae, m., = katôbleps or katôblepôn (that looks down), a wild animal in Ethiopia, perhaps a species of buffalo, or the gnu, a species of antelope, Mel. 3, 9, 9; Plin. 8, 21, 32, § 77.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > catoblepas

  • 88 nature

    1. n природа; мир, вселенная

    in nature — на свете, во всей вселенной

    2. n природное, первобытное состояние

    a return to nature — возвращение в первобытное состояние;

    3. n сущность, основное свойство; свойства, характер

    nature of soil — характер грунта; состояние почвы

    4. n род, сорт; класс, тип

    of the nature of — что-то вроде; нечто похожее на

    5. n натура, характер, нрав

    ill nature — злобность, плохой характер

    human nature — человеческая природа, человеческие слабости

    by nature — по природе, от рождения

    6. n человеческая душа; человек

    a student of nature — человек, изучающий природу

    7. n естество; организм; жизненные силы

    against nature — противоестественный; аморальный

    to ease nature — «облегчиться», оправиться

    to control nature — сдерживать инстинкты; владеть собой

    8. n иск. естественность, жизненность, правдоподобие
    9. n иск. сила; живица, камедь

    all nature — все, очень много народа;

    in the course of nature — естественно; при нормальном ходе событий; в своё время

    to let nature take its course — не вмешиваться в ход событий; предоставить делу идти своим чередом

    in the nature of things — в силу природы вещей; естественно; неизбежно

    Синонимический ряд:
    1. being (noun) being; essence; essentia; essentiality; pith; quintessence; texture
    2. character (noun) attributes; character; characteristics; complexion; constitution; disposition; humor; individualism; individuality; kind; makeup; make-up; personality; qualifications; temper; temperament
    3. environment (noun) environment; landscape; natural setting; out-of-doors; outside world; rural setting; scenery; seascape; view
    4. humour (noun) disposition; humour; temper; temperament
    5. outdoors (noun) outdoors; wild; wilderness
    6. physics (noun) cosmic process; fission; kinetic energy; natural law; natural order; physical energy; physics; potential energy; underlying cause; water power
    7. type (noun) breed; cast; caste; class; cut; description; feather; ilk; kidney; lot; manner; mold; mould; order; persuasion; sort; species; stamp; stripe; type; variety; way
    8. universe (noun) biosphere; cosmos; creation; earth; kosmos; macrocosm; macrocosmos; megacosm; universe; world
    Антонимический ряд:
    being; creature; fiction; invention; man; monstrosity; object; romance; subject

    English-Russian base dictionary > nature

  • 89 Pashmina

    PASHM, PASHMINA, PASHIM, PUSH-MINA
    The fine, downy hair obtained from several species of goats in Kashmir and other parts of India. The hair of the goat is cut off once a year with a blunt knife, leaving the soft pashm, or undergrowth of hair behind. The pashm is combed out, pulled apart and all coarser fibres are picked out by hand. The finest quality is yielded by a domesticated goat and from this type the finest Kashmir shawls are made, this variety is called Turfani pashm, or phum, or simply pashm. A lower grade is Phiri. Another variety is obtained from a wild goat and this hair is usually coloured (black or grey). The black is known as Shabri, and the grey as Shah-tush, this type, although genuine pashm, is not so; high in quality as the domestic type. Pashmina is the finest fibre among the wools and hairs, and is the wool used for the finest Cashmere shawls and other Kashmir products.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Pashmina

  • 90 Pashim

    PASHM, PASHMINA, PASHIM, PUSH-MINA
    The fine, downy hair obtained from several species of goats in Kashmir and other parts of India. The hair of the goat is cut off once a year with a blunt knife, leaving the soft pashm, or undergrowth of hair behind. The pashm is combed out, pulled apart and all coarser fibres are picked out by hand. The finest quality is yielded by a domesticated goat and from this type the finest Kashmir shawls are made, this variety is called Turfani pashm, or phum, or simply pashm. A lower grade is Phiri. Another variety is obtained from a wild goat and this hair is usually coloured (black or grey). The black is known as Shabri, and the grey as Shah-tush, this type, although genuine pashm, is not so; high in quality as the domestic type. Pashmina is the finest fibre among the wools and hairs, and is the wool used for the finest Cashmere shawls and other Kashmir products.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Pashim

  • 91 Push-Mina

    PASHM, PASHMINA, PASHIM, PUSH-MINA
    The fine, downy hair obtained from several species of goats in Kashmir and other parts of India. The hair of the goat is cut off once a year with a blunt knife, leaving the soft pashm, or undergrowth of hair behind. The pashm is combed out, pulled apart and all coarser fibres are picked out by hand. The finest quality is yielded by a domesticated goat and from this type the finest Kashmir shawls are made, this variety is called Turfani pashm, or phum, or simply pashm. A lower grade is Phiri. Another variety is obtained from a wild goat and this hair is usually coloured (black or grey). The black is known as Shabri, and the grey as Shah-tush, this type, although genuine pashm, is not so; high in quality as the domestic type. Pashmina is the finest fibre among the wools and hairs, and is the wool used for the finest Cashmere shawls and other Kashmir products.

    Dictionary of the English textile terms > Push-Mina

  • 92 ऐन्द्र


    aindrá
    mf (ī)n. (fr. indra), belonging to orᅠ sacred to Indra, coming orᅠ proceeding from Indra, similar to Indra AV. TS. VS. ṠBr. Mn. etc.. ;

    m. (scil. bhāga) that part of a sacrifice which is offered to Indra R. ;
    (ī) f. (scil. ṛic) a verse addressed to Indra ṠBr. IV ĀṡvṠr. VI Nir. etc.. ;
    (scil. diṡ) Indra's quarter, the east VarBṛS. ;
    (scil. tithi) the eighth day in the second half of the month Mārgaṡīrsha;
    (scil. ṡakti) Indra's energy (personified as his wife andᅠ sometimes identified with Durgā) MārkP. DevībhP. etc.. ;
    N. of the lunar mansion Jyeshṭhā L. ;
    a species of cucumber Bhpr. Car. ;
    Cardamom L. ;
    misfortune L. ;
    (am) n. the lunar mansion Jyeshṭhā VarBṛS. ;
    N. of several Sāmans;
    of a country in Bhāratavarsha VP. ;
    wild ginger L. ;
    - ऐन्द्रतुरीय

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > ऐन्द्र

  • 93 भिल्ल


    bhilla
    m. N. of a wild mountain race, (prob.) the « Bheels» (who live in the Vindhya hills, in the forests of Malwa, Mewar, Kandesh, the Dakhin) Kāv. Kathās. etc. (ifc. f. ā);

    a king of the Bhillas Kathās. ;
    the son of a Ṡabara andᅠ an Andhri (who was previously married to a Nishṭhya,) L. ;
    a species of Lodhra L. ;
    (ī) f. a Bhilla woman, Ṡārṇgp. ;
    Symplocos Racemosa L. ;
    - भिल्लगवी
    - भिल्लतरु
    - भिल्लभूषणा

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > भिल्ल

  • 94 ganado

    (Sp. model spelled same [ganáðo] < nominalized perfective participle of ganar 'to earn' or 'to win,' probably from Gothic * ganan 'to covet.' Ganado originally meant 'goods,' 'gain,' or even 'money')
       A general term for cattle or livestock. The DRAE glosses ganado as a group of animals that belong to the same herd and graze together. Santamaría notes that in Mexico the term does not necessarily refer to animals of the same herd, animals that graze together, or even a group of animals of the same species. Rather it is a general term to describe any group of four-legged animals controlled by man and providing a benefit to him. The animals may be wild or tame and may wander over a great space of land. He further notes that, although this term may refer to any sort of animal that is used for man's benefit, it is generally applied to cattle.

    Vocabulario Vaquero > ganado

  • 95 bacchantes

    bacchor, ātus ( part. pres. gen. plur. bacchantum; v. I. fin. infra), 1, v. dep. [Bacchus].
    I.
    Lit., to celebrate the festival of Bacchus:

    Baccha bacchans,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    saxea ut effigies bacchantis prospicit Evoe,

    i. e. which cries Evoe in the orgies, Cat. 64, 61; 64, 255:

    cum aliquo,

    Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 8.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: bacchan-tes, um, f., Bacchae, the Bacchantes: passis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu, Ov.M. 7, 258; 3, 703; Curt. 8, 10, 15; gen. Bacchantium, id. 9, 10, 24.—
    B.
    Pass. (as in later Gr. bakcheuesthai, bakcheuthênai) of the place in which the orgies of Bacchus were celebrated:

    virginibus bacchata Lacaenis Taygeta,

    Verg. G. 2, 487 Heyn.:

    bacchata jugis Naxos,

    id. A. 3, 125:

    Dindyma sanguineis famulum bacchata lacertis,

    Val. Fl. 3, 20: ita obsoletum sono furenter ab omni parti bacchatur nemus, Santra ap. Non. p. 78, 28:

    ululatibus Ide bacchatur,

    Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 206.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen., to revel, rave, rant, like the Bacchœ (of every species of mental excitement, love, hatred, joy, etc.; mostly poet. and in more elevated prose):

    quibus gaudiis exsultabis? quantā in voluptate bacchabere?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

    furor in vestrā caede bacchantis,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 11; id. Har. Resp. 18, 39:

    non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 26; Col. poët. 10, 198; * Suet. Calig. 56; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 213; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 192.—Of murderous fury:

    tantā in illos caede bacchati sunt,

    Vulg. Judic. 20, 25.—So of poet. inspiration, Stat. S. 1, 2, 258;

    and with carmen as object: grande Sophocleo carmen bacchamur hiatu,

    Juv. 6, 636; cf.:

    furebant Euhoe bacchantes,

    raving to the cry of Euhoe, Cat. 64, 255; 64, 61.—Also, to go or run about in a wanton, wild, raving, or furious manner: animans Omne, quod in magnis bacchatur montibu' passim, * Lucr. 5, 822:

    saevit inops animi, totamque incensa per urbem Bacchatur,

    Verg. A. 4, 301 ( = discursitat, Heyne):

    immanis in antro Bacchatur vates,

    raves, is inspired, id. ib. 6, 78;

    7, 385: infelix virgo totā bacchatur in urbe,

    id. Cir. 166.—Hence,
    B.
    Transf. to inanimate things, to be furious, rage with fury, etc., to be impetuous, etc.
    1.
    So of a vessel of wine that is filled very often:

    ubi bacchabatur aula, casabant cadi,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41 Lorenz ad loc.—
    2.
    Of winds:

    Thracio bacchante magis sub interlunia vento,

    Hor. C. 1, 25, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 29.—Of violent rain, Val. Fl. 6, 632.—
    3.
    Of a rumor: concussam bacchatur fama per urbem, spreads rapidly, Verg A. 4, 666.—
    4.
    Of enthusiastic, raging discourse:

    quod eos, quorum altior oratio actioque esset ardentior furere et bacchari arbitraretur,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 276:

    vitiosum dicendi genus, quod inanibus locis bacchatur, etc.,

    Quint. 12, 10, 73.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bacchantes

  • 96 bacchor

    bacchor, ātus ( part. pres. gen. plur. bacchantum; v. I. fin. infra), 1, v. dep. [Bacchus].
    I.
    Lit., to celebrate the festival of Bacchus:

    Baccha bacchans,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    saxea ut effigies bacchantis prospicit Evoe,

    i. e. which cries Evoe in the orgies, Cat. 64, 61; 64, 255:

    cum aliquo,

    Plin. 3, 1, 3, § 8.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: bacchan-tes, um, f., Bacchae, the Bacchantes: passis Medea capillis Bacchantum ritu, Ov.M. 7, 258; 3, 703; Curt. 8, 10, 15; gen. Bacchantium, id. 9, 10, 24.—
    B.
    Pass. (as in later Gr. bakcheuesthai, bakcheuthênai) of the place in which the orgies of Bacchus were celebrated:

    virginibus bacchata Lacaenis Taygeta,

    Verg. G. 2, 487 Heyn.:

    bacchata jugis Naxos,

    id. A. 3, 125:

    Dindyma sanguineis famulum bacchata lacertis,

    Val. Fl. 3, 20: ita obsoletum sono furenter ab omni parti bacchatur nemus, Santra ap. Non. p. 78, 28:

    ululatibus Ide bacchatur,

    Claud. Rapt. Pros. 1, 206.—
    II.
    Transf., in gen., to revel, rave, rant, like the Bacchœ (of every species of mental excitement, love, hatred, joy, etc.; mostly poet. and in more elevated prose):

    quibus gaudiis exsultabis? quantā in voluptate bacchabere?

    Cic. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

    furor in vestrā caede bacchantis,

    id. ib. 4, 6, 11; id. Har. Resp. 18, 39:

    non ego sanius Bacchabor Edonis,

    Hor. C. 2, 7, 26; Col. poët. 10, 198; * Suet. Calig. 56; Claud. Laud. Stil. 2, 213; id. VI. Cons. Hon. 192.—Of murderous fury:

    tantā in illos caede bacchati sunt,

    Vulg. Judic. 20, 25.—So of poet. inspiration, Stat. S. 1, 2, 258;

    and with carmen as object: grande Sophocleo carmen bacchamur hiatu,

    Juv. 6, 636; cf.:

    furebant Euhoe bacchantes,

    raving to the cry of Euhoe, Cat. 64, 255; 64, 61.—Also, to go or run about in a wanton, wild, raving, or furious manner: animans Omne, quod in magnis bacchatur montibu' passim, * Lucr. 5, 822:

    saevit inops animi, totamque incensa per urbem Bacchatur,

    Verg. A. 4, 301 ( = discursitat, Heyne):

    immanis in antro Bacchatur vates,

    raves, is inspired, id. ib. 6, 78;

    7, 385: infelix virgo totā bacchatur in urbe,

    id. Cir. 166.—Hence,
    B.
    Transf. to inanimate things, to be furious, rage with fury, etc., to be impetuous, etc.
    1.
    So of a vessel of wine that is filled very often:

    ubi bacchabatur aula, casabant cadi,

    Plaut. Mil. 3, 2, 41 Lorenz ad loc.—
    2.
    Of winds:

    Thracio bacchante magis sub interlunia vento,

    Hor. C. 1, 25, 11; Ov. Tr. 1, 2, 29.—Of violent rain, Val. Fl. 6, 632.—
    3.
    Of a rumor: concussam bacchatur fama per urbem, spreads rapidly, Verg A. 4, 666.—
    4.
    Of enthusiastic, raging discourse:

    quod eos, quorum altior oratio actioque esset ardentior furere et bacchari arbitraretur,

    Cic. Brut. 80, 276:

    vitiosum dicendi genus, quod inanibus locis bacchatur, etc.,

    Quint. 12, 10, 73.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > bacchor

  • 97 Capraria

    căprārĭus, a, um, adj. [capra], of or pertaining to the goat:

    pastus,

    Sol. 1, § 97:

    mutilago,

    a species of tithymalus, App. Herb. 108.— Subst.: căprārĭus, ii, m., a goatherd, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 10, Col 3, 10, 17.—
    II.
    Caprāria, ae, f
    A.
    An island near the south point of the Balearis Major, now Caborra, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 78; Mart. Cap. 6, § 643.—
    B.
    One of the Fortunatae Insulae, Mart. Cap. 6, § 702.—
    C.
    A small island in the Tuscan Sea, near the northern point of Corsica, abounding in wild goats (Gr. Aigilon), now Capraja, Plin. 3, 6, 12, § 81; Mel. 2, 7, 19; Rutil. 1, 439; Mart. Cap. 6, § 644; called also Caprāsia, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 3.— Hence, Caprārĭensis, e:

    plumbum,

    Plin. 34, 17, 49, § 164.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Capraria

  • 98 Caprariensis

    căprārĭus, a, um, adj. [capra], of or pertaining to the goat:

    pastus,

    Sol. 1, § 97:

    mutilago,

    a species of tithymalus, App. Herb. 108.— Subst.: căprārĭus, ii, m., a goatherd, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 10, Col 3, 10, 17.—
    II.
    Caprāria, ae, f
    A.
    An island near the south point of the Balearis Major, now Caborra, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 78; Mart. Cap. 6, § 643.—
    B.
    One of the Fortunatae Insulae, Mart. Cap. 6, § 702.—
    C.
    A small island in the Tuscan Sea, near the northern point of Corsica, abounding in wild goats (Gr. Aigilon), now Capraja, Plin. 3, 6, 12, § 81; Mel. 2, 7, 19; Rutil. 1, 439; Mart. Cap. 6, § 644; called also Caprāsia, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 3.— Hence, Caprārĭensis, e:

    plumbum,

    Plin. 34, 17, 49, § 164.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Caprariensis

  • 99 caprarius

    căprārĭus, a, um, adj. [capra], of or pertaining to the goat:

    pastus,

    Sol. 1, § 97:

    mutilago,

    a species of tithymalus, App. Herb. 108.— Subst.: căprārĭus, ii, m., a goatherd, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 10, Col 3, 10, 17.—
    II.
    Caprāria, ae, f
    A.
    An island near the south point of the Balearis Major, now Caborra, Plin. 3, 5, 11, § 78; Mart. Cap. 6, § 643.—
    B.
    One of the Fortunatae Insulae, Mart. Cap. 6, § 702.—
    C.
    A small island in the Tuscan Sea, near the northern point of Corsica, abounding in wild goats (Gr. Aigilon), now Capraja, Plin. 3, 6, 12, § 81; Mel. 2, 7, 19; Rutil. 1, 439; Mart. Cap. 6, § 644; called also Caprāsia, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 3.— Hence, Caprārĭensis, e:

    plumbum,

    Plin. 34, 17, 49, § 164.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > caprarius

  • 100 इक्ष्वाकु


    ikshvākú
    RV. andᅠ íkshvāku AV.. m. N. of a man RV. X, 60, 7 AV. XIX, 39, 9 ;

    of a son of Manu Vaivasvata (father of Kukshi andᅠ first king of the solar dynasty in Ayodhyā) MBh. R. Bhag. Hariv. VP. ;
    a descendant of Ikshvāku R. Ragh. ;
    (some Buddhists as well as the Jainas derive their Cakravartins andᅠ many of their Arhats from Ikshvāku);
    ( avas) m. N. of a warrior-tribe descended from Ikshvāku VarBṛS. ;
    (us) f. a bitter gourd;
    according to some, the Coloquintida (Citrillus Colocynthis), the fruit of a wild species of Lagenaria Vulgaris Suṡr. ;
    - इक्ष्वाकुकुलज

    Sanskrit-English dictionary > इक्ष्वाकु

См. также в других словарях:

  • The Wild Beasts Trust — is an endangered species enthusiast movement who, in September 2006, declared their intentions to reintroduce numerous nationally extinct species back into the wild in the United Kingdom.cite web |url=http://wildbeaststrust.blogspot.com… …   Wikipedia

  • Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of the Wild Fauna and Flora — Vom Zoll beschlagnahmte Reisschnapsflasche mit Schlangeninhalt Die Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) ist gleichermaßen ein Abkommen und eine internationale Organisation, die zum Ziel hat,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Extinct in the Wild — (EW) is a conservation status assigned to species or lower taxa, the only known living members of which are being kept in captivity or as a naturalized population outside its historic range.pecies examplesExamples of such animals… …   Wikipedia

  • The Wild Boy — This article is about the 2001 novel by Warren Rochelle. For the 1970 film released in the UK as the The Wild Boy , see The Wild Child. The Wild Boy is a science fiction novel by Warren Rochelle. It was published in 2001 by Golden Gryphon Press.… …   Wikipedia

  • Masters of the Wild — Masters of the Wild: A Guidebook to Barbarians, Druids, and Rangers   …   Wikipedia

  • extinct in the wild — in the IUCN Criteria for threatened species, a taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalised population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed extinct in… …   Dictionary of ichthyology

  • List of rare species in the British National Vegetation Classification — The following is a list of vascular plants, bryophytes and lichens which were regarded as rare species by the authors of British Plant Communities, together with the communities in which they occur.Vascular plants* Man Orchid ( Aceras… …   Wikipedia

  • List of names for the Wild Turkey — The names for the Wild Turkey, the North American species, in other languages also frequently reflect its exotic origins, seen from an Old World viewpoint, and confusion about where it actually comes from. See Turkey for the etymology of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary — also known as the Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary is located in the Little Rann of Kutch in the Gujarat state of India. Spread over 4954 km², it is the largest wildlife sanctuary in India. [ cite web publisher = India Wildlife Resorts… …   Wikipedia

  • Species translocation — is an effective management strategy and important topic in conservation biology. Translocation is the movement of a species, by people, from one area to another. This management tool decreases the risk of extinction by increasing the range of a… …   Wikipedia

  • The War Against the Chtorr —   …   Wikipedia

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