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  • 81 Clytemnestra

    Clytaemnēstra ( Clytemnēstra, Liv. Andron. 11 Rib.; mutilated into Cly-temēstra, Cass. Hemin. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 7, 631; hence the second syllable short in Aus. Epit. Her. 1, 1, 4), ae, f., = Klutaimnêstra, the daughter of Tyndarus and Leda, and sister of Helen, Castor, and Pollux; wife of Agamemnon and mother of Orestes, Iphigenia, and Electra; she, with her paramour, Aegisthus, murdered her husband on his return from Troy, and was on that account put to death by her son Orestes, Hyg. Fab. 117 and 240; Serv. ad Verg. A. 2, 601; 3, 331; 4, 471; Auct. Her. 1, 10, 17; 1, 16, 21; Cic. Inv. 1, 13, 18; Ov. Am. 1, 7, 9; id. Nux, 26.—
    II.
    As title of a tragedy of Attius, Cic. Off. 1, 31, 14; id. Fam. 7, 1, 2 al.—
    B.
    Appellative for an unfaithful wife, Cael. ap. Quint. 8, 6, 53.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Clytemnestra

  • 82 castrum

    castrum, i, n. [kindred with casa, q. v.].
    I.
    In sing., any fortified place; a castle, fort, fortress (more rare than castellum):

    ei Grunium dederat in Phrygiā castrum, etc.,

    Nep. Alcib. 9, 3; Liv. 32. 29, 4; Dig. 27, 1, 17 fin. —
    B.
    Esp., nom. propr.
    1.
    Castrum Altum or Album, in Hispania Tarraconensis, Liv. 24, 41, 3.—
    2.
    Castrum Inui, or simply Castrum, an ancient city of the Rutuli, near Ardea, Verg. A. 6, 775;

    called Castrum,

    Ov. M. 15, 727; Sil. 8, 359. —
    3.
    Castrum Novum, a city on the seacoast of Etruria, Liv. 36, 3, 6; Plin. 3, 5, 8, § 51.—
    4.
    Another Castrum Novum, on the sea-coast of Picenum, now Giulia Nova, [p. 299] Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110; also called absol. Castrum, Vell. 1, 14, 8.—
    5.
    Castrum Truentinum, a maritime city of Picenum, on the river Truentus, Cic. Att. 8, 12, B, 1;

    also called Truentum,

    Plin. 3, 13, 18, § 110.—
    6.
    Castrum Vergium, a fortress of the Bergistani in Hispania Tarraconensis, now Berga, Liv. 34, 21, 1.—Far more freq.,
    II.
    In plur.: castra, ōrum, n. ( castra, ae, f.: castra haec vestra est, Att. ap. Non. p. 200, 30; Trag. Rel. p. 238 Rib.).
    A.
    Lit., several soldiers ' tents situated together; hence, a military camp, an encampment; among the Romans a square (quadrata);

    later, after the manner of the Greeks, sometimes circular, or adjusted to its situation,

    Veg. Mil. 1, 23. It was surrounded by a trench (fossa) and a wall (vallum), and had four gates: Porta Praetoria, the front, chief gate, on the opp. side from the enemy, from which the legions marched; opp. to this, Porta Decumana (in later times Porta Quaestoria), the back gate;

    Porta Principalis Dextra, and Porta Principalis Sinistra, situated on the two sides of the camp,

    Liv. 40, 27, 4 sq.; cf. Dict. of Antiq.—
    b.
    Phrases.
    (α).
    With adj.:

    stativa,

    occupied for a long time, permanent, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29; Caes. B. C. 3, 30; 3, 37; Sall. J. 44, 4; Tac. A. 3, 21:

    aestiva,

    summer camp, id. ib. 1, 16; Suet. Claud. 1:

    hiberna,

    Liv. 29, 35, 13 (more freq. absol. aestiva and hiberna, q. v.):

    navalia,

    an encampment on the shore for protecting the fleet and the troops while landing; sometimes connected with the ships drawn to land, Caes. B. G. 5, 22 Herz.; cf. id. ib. 5, 11; Liv. 29, 35, 13;

    called also nautica,

    Nep. Alcib. 8, 5; id. Hann. 11, 6 (cf. id. ib. § 4; Liv. 44, 39): lunata, crescent-shaped, Auct. B. Afr. 80.—With numerals:

    una,

    Tac. A. 4, 2:

    bina,

    Cic. Phil. 12, 11, 27; Liv. 4, 27, 3:

    quina,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 9.—
    (β).
    With verb:

    locum castris antecapere,

    Sall. J. 50, 1; cf.:

    capere locum castris,

    Liv. 4, 27, 3; 9, 17, 15;

    and montes castris capere,

    Tac. A. 12, 55: castra metari, Cael. ap. Non. p. 137, 18; Caes. B. C. 3, 13, 3; Hirt. B. G. 8, 15 al.:

    facere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 48; Nep. Milt. 5, 2; Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 29 al.:

    ponere,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 5; 7, 35; Nep. Hann. 5 fin.:

    ponere et munire,

    Sall. J. 75, 7:

    munire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 49; Liv. 44, 39, 1:

    communire,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 49; Liv. 23, 28, 3:

    castra castris conferre,

    id. 10, 32, 5; 23, 28, 9:

    castris se tenere,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 8:

    castra movere,

    to break up, to decamp, id. ib. 1, 39 fin.; also syn. with to march forth from a camp, id. ib. 1, 15 Herz.; 1, 22; 2, 2; Sall. C. 57, 3; Nep. Dat. 8, 4; id. Eum. 12 fin. et saep.—Hence, also, promovere, Caes. B. G. 1, 48:

    movere retro,

    Liv. 2, 58, 3:

    removere,

    id. 9, 24, 4:

    proferre,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 81:

    castris castra inferre,

    Enn. Trag. 201 Vahl.—
    c.
    Castra Praetoriana, Praetoria, Urbana or simply Castra, the barracks of the Prœtorians in the suburbs of Rome, Suet. Tib. 37; id. Claud. 21; Tac. A. 4, 2; Suet. Aug. 29; id. Claud. 36; Dig. 48, 5, 15. —
    d.
    Castrorum filius, a surname of Caligula, who was brought up in the camp, Suet. Calig. 22; Aur. Vict. Caes. 3.—So, Castrorum mater, an appellation of Faustina, the wife of the emperor Marcus Aurelius, because she accompanied him in an expedition against the Quadi, Capitol. Marc. Aur. 26.—Hence both appell. in later inscriptions as titles of the Roman emperors and empresses. —
    B.
    Esp. as nom. propr., like castrum.
    1.
    Castra Corneliana or Cornelia, on the north coast of Africa, near Utica, so called because the elder Scipio Africanus first pitched his camp there, after his landing in Africa, in the second Punic war, Caes. B. C. 2, 24; 2, 25; 2, 37; Mel. 1, 7, 2; Plin. 5, 4, 3, § 24.—
    2.
    Castra Caecilia, in Lusitania, Plin. 4, 22, 35, § 117.—
    3.
    Castra Hannibalis, a seaport town in Bruttium, Plin. 3, 10, 15, § 95.—
    4.
    Castra Pyrrhi, a place in Grecian Illyria, Liv. 32, 13, 2.—
    5.
    Castra Vetera or Vetera, a place on the Lower Rhine, now Xanthen, Tac. H. 4, 18; 4, 21; 4, 35; id. A. 1, 45.—
    6.
    Castra Alexandri, a district in Egypt, Curt. 4, 7, 2; Oros. 1, 2.—
    C.
    Meton.
    1.
    Since, in military expeditions, a camp was pitched each evening, in the histt. (esp. Livy) for a day ' s march:

    secundis castris ( = bidui itinere) pervenit ad Dium,

    Liv. 44, 7, 1; so Tac. H. 3, 15; cf.:

    alteris castris,

    Liv. 38, 13, 2; Curt. 3, 7.—

    So tertiis castris,

    Liv. 38, 13, 11; 38, 24, 1; Tac. H. 4, 71:

    quartis castris,

    Liv. 44, 46, 10:

    quintis castris,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 36; Liv. 28, 19, 4:

    septimis castris,

    id. 40, 22, 1:

    decimis castris,

    id. 27, 32 fin.; 28, 33, 1.—
    2.
    Military service (hence, often opp. forum and toga), Nep. Epam. 5, 4; Vell. 2, 125, 4; Tib. 4, 1, 39:

    qui magnum in castris usum habebant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 39.—
    3.
    Of beehives:

    cerea,

    Verg. A. 12, 589:

    in apium castris,

    Pall. 1, 37, 4.—
    4.
    Of a sheepfold, Col. 6, 23, 3.—
    5.
    Of political parties, regarded as arrayed in hostility:

    si ad interdicti sententiam confugis... in meis castris praesidiisque versaris,

    Cic. Caecin. 29, 83.—
    6.
    Of philosophical sects:

    Epicuri castra,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 1:

    O castra praeclara (Epicuri)!

    id. ib. 7, 12, 1; Hor. C. 3, 16, 23; Sen. Ep. 2, 4.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > castrum

  • 83 αὐτός

    αὐτός (Cret. [full] ἀϝτός GDI4976, al.), αὐτή, αὐτό (also
    A

    αὐτόν Leg.Gort. 3.4

    , al.), reflexive Pron., self:—in oblique cases used for the personal Pron., him, her, it:—with Art., ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό (also ταὐτόν), etc., the very one, the same.
    I self, myself, thyself, etc., acc. to the person of the Verb: freq. joined with ἐγώ, σύ, etc. (v. infr. 10),
    1 one's true self, the soul, not the body, Od.11.602; reversely, body, not soul, Il.1.4; oneself, as opp. others who are less prominent, as king to subject, 6.18; Zeus to other gods, 8.4; bird to young, 2.317; man to wife and children, Od.14.265; warrior to horses, Il.2.466, or to weapons, 1.47; shepherd to herd, Od.9.167, cf. Il.1.51; Trojans to allies, 11.220; seamen to ships, 7.338: generally, whole to parts, ib. 474; so later

    ἡ σίδη καὶ αὐτὴ καὶ τὰ φύλλα Thphr.HP4.10.7

    , cf. X.Ath.1.19, Pl.Grg. 511e, etc.;

    αὐτή τε Μανδάνη καὶ τὸν υἱὸν ἔχουσα X.Cyr.1.3.1

    ;

    αὐ. τε καὶ τὰ ποιήματα βουλόμενος ἐπιδεῖξαι Pl.R. 398a

    : abs., the Master, as in the Pythag. phrase Αὐτὸς ἔφα, Lat. Ipse dixit; so τίς οὗτος.. ;— Αὐτός, i.e. Socrates, Ar.Nu. 218; ἀναβόησον Αὐτόν ib. 219;

    ἀνοιγέτω τις δώματ'· Αὐτὸς ἔρχεται

     the Master,

    Id.Fr. 268

    , cf. Pl.Prt. 314d, Thphr.Char.2.4, Men.Sam.41:

    αὐ. ἀϋτεῖ Theoc.24.50

    : neut., αὐτὸ σημανεῖ the result will show, E.Ph. 623;

    αὐτὸ δηλώσει D.19.157

    ;

    αὐτὰ δηλοῖ Pl.Prt. 329b

    ; αὐτὸ διδάξει ib. 324a; esp.

    αὐτὸ δείξει Cratin. 177

    , Pl.Hp.Ma. 288b, cf. Tht. 200e; in full,

    τάχ' αὐτὸ δείξει τοὔργον S.Fr. 388

    ;

    τοὔργον τάχ' αὐτὸ δείξει Ar.Lys. 375

    ; redupl.,

    αὐτός θ' ὁ χρήσας αὐτὸς ἦν ὁ μαρτυρῶν A.Eu. 798

    ; of things, the very, ὑπὸ λόφον αὐτόν, i.e. just, exactly under.., Il.13.615; πρὸς αὐταῖς ταῖς θύραις close by the door, Lys.12.12; αὐτὸ τὸ δέον the very thing needed, X. An.4.7.7;

    αὐτὸ ὃ μάλιστα ἔδει ῥηθῆναι Pl.R. 362d

    ; αὐτὸ τὸ περίορθρον the point of dawn, Th.2.3; αὐτὰ τὰ ἐναντία the very opposite, X.Mem. 4.5.7;

    αὐτὰ τὰ χρήσιμα καὶ ἀναγκαῖα D.H.Th.23

    ; even,

    οὔ μοι μέλει ἄλγος οὔτ' αὐτῆς Ἑκάβης Il.6.451

    ;

    εἴ περ ἂν αὐταὶ Μοῦσαι ἀείδοιεν 2.597

    .—In these senses αὐτός in Prose either precedes both the Art. and Subst., or follows both, e.g. αὐτὸς ὁ υἱός or ὁ υἱὸς αὐτός. The Art. is sts. omitted with proper names, or Nouns denoting individuals,

    αὐτὸς Μένων X.An.2.1.5

    ; αὐτὸς βασιλεύς ib.1.7.11.
    2 of oneself, of one's own accord,

    ἀλλά τις αὐ. ἴτω Il.17.254

    ;

    σπεύδοντα καὶ αὐτὸν ὀτρύνεις 8.293

    ;

    καταπαύσομεν· οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ παυέσθων Od.2.168

    ;

    ἥξει γὰρ αὐτά S.OT 341

    ; also, in person,

    τῶν πραγμάτων ὑμῖν.. αὐτοῖς ἀντιληπτέον D.1.2

    .
    3 by oneself or itself, alone, αὐτός περ ἐών although alone, Il.8.99; αὐτὸς ἐγείναο παῖδ', i.e. without a mother, 5.880, cf. Hes.Th. 924;

    ἀνακομισθῆναι αὐτὸν ἐς Φάληρον

     by himself,

    Hdt.5.85

    ; αὐτοὶ γάρ ἐσμεν we are by ourselves, i.e. among friends, Ar.Ach. 504, cf. Th. 472, Pl.Prm. 137b, Herod.6.70, Plu.2.755c, Luc. DDeor.10.2;

    αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἀνδράσι.. ἢ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις X.An.2.3.7

    ;

    ἄνευ τοῦ σίτου τὸ ὄψον αὐτὸ ἐσθίειν Id.Mem.3.14.3

    ;

    τὸν τρίβωνα ὃν αὐτὸν φορεῖ Thphr.Char.22.13

     (prob.); αὐτὰ γὰρ ἔστιν ταῦτα these and no others, Emp.21.13, al.: strengthd., αὐτὸς κτήσατο οἶος himself alone, Od.14.450; αὐτὸς μόνος, v. μόνος II; αὐτὸς καθ' αὑτόν, v. ἑαυτοῦ.
    4 in Philosophy, by or in itself, of an abstract concept or idea,

    δίκαιον αὐτό Pl.Phd. 65d

    ;

    αὐτὸ τὸ ἕν Id.Prm. 143a

    , al., cf. Arist. Metaph. 997b8: neut., αὐτό is freq. in this sense, attached to Nouns of all genders,

    οὐκ αὐτὸ δικαιοσύνην ἐπαινοῦντες ἀλλὰ τὰς ἀπ' αὐτῆς εὐδοκιμήσεις Pl.R. 363a

    ; less freq. with Art.,

    τί ποτ' ἐστὶν αὐτὸ ἡ ἀρετή Id.Prt. 360e

    ; more fully, εἰ αὐτὸ τοῦτο πατέρα ἠρώτων, ἆρα ὁ πατήρ ἐστι πατήρ τινος, ἢ οὔ; Id.Smp. 199d; ἀδελφός, αὐτὸ τοῦτο ὅπερ ἔστιν the ideal, abstract brother, ibid.e: later, in compos., αὐτοαγαθόν, αὐτοάνθρωπος, etc. (q. v.), cf. Arist.Metaph. 1040b33; less freq. agreeing with the Subst.,

    ἵνα αὐτὴ δικαιοσύνη πρὸς ἀδικίαν αὐτὴν κριθείη Pl.R. 612c

    , etc.; doubled,

    ἐκ τῆς εἰκόνος μανθάνειν αὐτήν τε αὐτήν, εἰ καλῶς εἴκασται

     its very self,

    Id.Cra. 439a

    .
    5 in dat. with Subst., in one, together, ἀνόρουσεν αὐτῇ σὺν φόρμιγγι he sprang up lyre in hand, Il.9.194; αὐτῇ σὺν πήληκι κάρη helmet and all, 14.498, cf. Od.13.118;

    αὐτῷ σὺν ἄγγει E. Ion 32

    , cf. Hipp. 1213; also without

    σύν, αὐτῇ κεν γαίῃ ἐρύσαι Il.8.24

    : so freq. in Prose and Poetry, αὐτοῖς ἀνδράσι men and all, Hdt.6.93; αὐτοῖσι συμμάχοισι allies and all, A.Pr. 223 (lyr.);

    αὐτοῖς μελάθροις διακναιομένους E.Med. 164

    : with Art.,

    αὐτοῖσι τοῖσι ἱματίοισι ἀπ' ὦν ἔβαψε ἑωυτόν Hdt.2.47

    ;

    αὐτοῖσι τοῖς πόρπαξι Ar.Eq. 849

    , etc.;

    αὐτοῖς τοῖς ἵπποις κατακρημνισθῆναι X.Cyr.1.4.7

    .
    6 added to ordinal Numbers, e.g. πέμπτος αὐτός himself the fifth, i. e. himself with four others, Th.1.46, cf. 8.35, X.HG2.2.17, Apoc.17.11, etc.:— αὐτός always being the chief person.
    7 freq. coupled with

    οὗτος, τοῦτ' αὐτό ἐστι τὸ ζητηθέν Pl.Plt. 267c

    , etc.;

    αὐτὸ τοῦτο μόνον Id.Grg. 500b

    ; also

    λεγόντων ἄλλο μὲν οὐδέν.. αὐτὰ δὲ τάδε Th.1.139

    ;

    πόλεις ἄλλας τε καὶ αὐτὸ τοῦτο τὸ Βυζάντιον X.An.7.1.27

    ; ταῦτα ἥκω αὐτὰ ἵνα .. Pl.Prt. 310e.
    8 καὶ αὐτός himself too, Od.7.73, 14.45, X.An.5.5.9, etc.
    9 repeated in apodosi for emphasis,

    αὐτὸς ἐπαγγειλάμενος σώσειν.. αὐτὸς ἀπώλεσεν Lys.12.68

    , cf. A.Fr. 350, X.An.3.2.4.
    10 in connexion with the person. Pron.,

    ἐγὼν αὐτός Od.2.194

    ;

    σέθεν αὐτοῦ Il.23.312

    ;

    νωΐτερον αὐτῶν 15.39

     (always divisim in Hom.); folld. by an enclit. Pron.,

    αὐτόν μιν Od.4.244

    ; so

    αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ Προμηθέως A.Pr.86

    ; also

    αὐτὸς ἔγωγε Pl.Phd. 59b

    , etc.:— after Hom. in the oblique cases αὐτός coalesces with the Pron., ἐμαυτοῦ, σεαυτοῦ (these not in Alc. or Sapph., A.D.Pron.80.10 sqq.), ἑαυτοῦ, etc. (q. v.).
    b with person. Pron. omitted, αὐτός.. ἧσθαι λιλαίομαι, for ἐγὼ αὐτός, Il.13.252; αὐτὸν ἐλέησον, for ἐμὲ αὐτόν, 24.503;

    αὐτῶν γὰρ ἀπωλόμεθ' ἀφραδίῃσιν Od.10.27

    ; in 2.33 οἱ αὐτῷ is simply a strengthd. form of οἱ; and so in [dialect] Att., when σὲ αὐτόν, ἐμοὶ αὐτῷ, etc., are read divisim, they are emphatic, not reflexive; in this case αὐτός generally precedes the person. Pron., cf. X.Cyr.6.2.25 with 6.1.14.
    c with the reflexive ἑαυτοῦ, αὑτοῦ, etc., to add force and definiteness,

    αὐτὸς καθ' αὑτοῦ A.Th. 406

    ; αὐτοὶ ὑφ' αὑτῶν ib. 194;

    αὐτοὶ καθ' αὑτούς X.Mem.3.5.4

    ;

    αὐτὸ καθ' αὑτό Pl.Tht. 201e

    ; sts. between the Art. and reflex. Pron.,

    τοῖς αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πήμασιν βαρύνεται A.Ag. 836

    , cf. Pr. 762;

    τούς γ' αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ πολεμίους S.Aj. 1132

    : also κατ' αὐτὺ ([dialect] Boeot. for αὐτοὶ)

    αὐτῶν IG7.3172.121

     (Orchom. [dialect] Boeot.).
    11 αὐτός for ὁ αὐτός, the same, Il.12.225, Od.8.107, 16.138, Pi.N.5.1 (never in Trag.), and in later Prose,

    αὐταῖς ταῖς ἡμέραις IG 14.966

     (ii A. D.), cf. Ev.Luc.23.12.
    12 [comp] Comp.

    αὐτότερος Epich.5

    : [comp] Sup.

    αὐτότατος

     his very self,

    Ar.Pl.83

    : neut. pl. αὐτότατα dub. in Phld.Piet.80. Adv., [comp] Comp.

    αὐτοτέρως Gal.18(2).431

    .
    II he, she, it, for the simple Pron. of 3 pers., only in oblique cases (exc. in later Gk., Ev.Luc.4.15, etc.), and rarely first in a sentence, Pl.La. 194e, and later, Ep.Eph.2.10, etc.: rare in [dialect] Ep., Il. 12.204 (where Hdn. treated it as enclitic), and mostly emphatic, ib.14.457, Od.16.388; so in Trag., E.Hel. 421: in Prose, to recall a Noun used earlier in the sentence,

    ἐγὼ μὲν οὖν βασιλέα.. οὐκ οἶδα ὅ τι δεῖ αὐτὸν ὀμόσαι X.An.2.4.7

    ;

    πειράσομαι τῷ πάππῳ.. συμμαχεῖν αὐτῷ Id.Cyr.1.3.15

    ;

    ἄνδρα δὴ.. εἰ ἀφίκοιτο εἰς τὴν πόλιν, προσκυνοῖμεν ἂν αὐτόν Pl.R. 398a

    ; after a Relative,

    ὅς κε θεοῖς ἐπιπείθηται.. ἔκλυον αὐτοῦ Il.1.218

    ;

    οὓς μὴ εὕρισκον, κενοτάφιον αὐτοῖς ἐποίησαν X.An.6

    . 4.9, cf. 1.9.29; esp. where a second Verb requires a change of case in the Pron.,

    οἳ ἂν ἐξελεγχθῶσι.. ὡς προδότας αὐτοὺς ὄντας τιμωρηθῆναι Id.An.2.5.27

    ;

    ἐκεῖνοι οἷς οὐκ ἐχαρίζονθ' οἱ λέγοντες οὐδ' ἐφίλουν αὐτούς D.3.24

    ; in subdivisions,

    ὅσοι.. οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν.. X.Cyr.1.1.1

    , cf. Pl.Chrm. 168e; later, pleonastically after a Relative,

    ὧν ὁ μὲν αὐτῶν Call.Epigr.43

    , cf. Ev.Luc.3.16, Apoc.7.2, etc.: in S.Ph. 316 αὐτοῖς is emphatic 'in their own persons'.
    III with Art. ὁ αὐτός, ἡ αὐτή, τὸ αὐτό, and [dialect] Att. [var] contr. αὑτός, αὑτή, ταὐτό and ταὐτόν (as required by the metre, cf. S.OT 734 with 325, and in Prose to avoid hiatus): gen. ταὐτοῦ, dat. ταὐτῷ, pl. neut. ταὐτά; [dialect] Ion. ὡυτός, τὠυτό:—the very one, the same, rare in Hom., Il. 6.391, Od.7.55, 326;

    ὁ αὐ. εἰμι τῇ γνώμῃ Th.3.38

    , cf. 5.75;

    ἐπὶ τὸ αὐ. αἱ γνῶμαι ἔφερον Id.1.79

     : c. dat., to denote sameness or agreement, esp. in Prose,

    τὠυτὸ ἂν ὑμῖν ἐπρήσσομεν Hdt.4.119

    ;

    τὸν αὐτὸν χῶρον ἐκλιπὼν ἐμοί A.Ch. 543

    ; ὁ αὐτὸς τῷ λίθῳ the same as the stone, Pl. Euthd. 298a; ἐν ταὐτῷ εἶναί τινι to be in the place with.., X.An.3.1.27; προσίεσθαί τινα ἐς ταὐτὸ ἑαυτῷ to have a person meet one, ib.30, cf. A.Ch. 210;

    κατὰ ταὐτὰ τῷ Νείλῳ Hdt.2.20

    ;

    τῇ αὐτῇ.. καί Id.4.109

    ;

    τὴν αὐτὴν διάνοιαν καὶ κατ' ἐκείνην ἡλικίαν Isoc.5.83

    ;

    ὁ αὐτός.. ὥσπερ Pl.Phd. 86a

    ;

    ἐς ταὐτὸν ἀλλήλοις

     face to face,

    Jul.Or.2.5a0

    .
    2 in later Greek, the said, the above-named,

    Ἡρώδης ὁ αὐ. PLille23.8

     (iii B. C.), etc.
    IV Adverbial phrases:
    1

    αὐτὸ μόνον

     simply, merely,

    Ph. 2.252

    , etc.;

    αὐ. μόνον ἐργάτης Luc.Somn.9

    ;

    αὐ. μόνον τὸ ὄνομα τῆς φωνῆς A.D.Synt.22.20

    .
    2 αὐτό as Adv., = ἄρτι, Epigr.Gr.540.1 ([place name] Thrace).
    3 αὐτὸ τοῦτο as Adv., PGrenf.1.114 (ii B. C.), 2 Ep.Pet. 1.5;

    τῆς αὐτὸ τοῦτο κινουμένης σφαίρας Iamb. Comm.Math.17

    .
    4 with Preps.,

    ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτό

     added together, making a total,

    PLond.2.196.37

     (ii A. D.);

    κατὰ τὸ αὐτό

     together, at the same time,

    Act.Ap. 14.1

    , etc.; but

    κατ' αὐτό

     just then,

    Hdn.1.12.3

    .
    V In Compos.:
    1 of or by oneself, self-.., as in αὐτοδίδακτος, αὐτογνώμων, αὐτόματος: and so, independently, as in αὐτοκράτωρ, αὐτόνομος.
    2 hence, as a second self, very.., bodily, as with proper names, Αὐτοθαΐς.
    3 in the abstract, the ideal, v. supr.1.4.
    4 precisely, as in αὐτόδεκα.
    5 rarely with reflex. sense of ἀλλήλων, as in αὐτοκτονέω.
    6 in one piece with, together with, as in αὐτόκωπος, αὐτοχείλης, αὐτόπρεμνος, αὐτόρριζος.
    7 by itself: hence, only, as in αὐτόξυλος, αὐτόποκος.—For αὐτοῦ, αὐτῶς, etc., v. the respective Arts.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > αὐτός

  • 84 שביל

    שְׁבִילm. (b. h.; שבל, Shaf. of יָבַל) path. Peah II, 1 ש׳ הרבים a public path through fields; ש׳ היחיד a private path, contrad. to דרך. Ex. R. s. 25 ב״וד עושה לו ש׳ בדרך שמא … ש׳ בים a human being makes himself a path on trodden ground, can he make himself a path in the sea?; a. fr.pl. שְׁבִילִים, שְׁבִילִין. B. Kam.81a ומהלכים בשְׁבִילֵי הרשותוכ׳ it is allowed to walk on private paths (through fields) until the second rainfall (v. רְבִיעָה); Taan.6b; Tosef.Shebi.VII, 18 ש׳ שבשדות. Lev. R. s. 4 היו לפניו שני ש׳וכ׳ if a person had before him two paths, one smooth Y. Ḥag.II, 77a bot. התורה הזו דומה לשני ש׳וכ׳ the Torah is like two paths, the one of fire, the other of snow Tanḥ. Trumah 8 (ref. to Prov. 5:6) שְׁבִילֶיהָ של תורהוכ׳ the paths of the Torah and its sections; a. e.Naz.8b מנין שבילי שמיטה Var. (v. Rashi) as many as the field paths in the Sabbatical year (ed. שבלי).בִּשְׁבִיל on account of, for the sake of; because. Ber.58a בִּשְׁבִילִי for my sake. Ib. בש׳ אשתו ובניו for his wife and children. Taan.20a בִּשְׁבִילְךָ for thy sake. Ib. b בִּשְׁבִילְכֶם for your sake. Sabb.II, 4 בש׳ שתהא מנטפת in order that it may drip. Ib. 5 בש׳ החולה שישן for the sake of a patient, that he may sleep. Succ.29a בש׳ ארבעה דברים for four reasons. Sot.46b בש׳ שכנעניוכ׳ because this Canaanite showed the way with his finger. Num. R. s. 36> שלחה בש׳וכ׳ she sent for R. J.; a. v. fr.

    Jewish literature > שביל

  • 85 שְׁבִיל

    שְׁבִילm. (b. h.; שבל, Shaf. of יָבַל) path. Peah II, 1 ש׳ הרבים a public path through fields; ש׳ היחיד a private path, contrad. to דרך. Ex. R. s. 25 ב״וד עושה לו ש׳ בדרך שמא … ש׳ בים a human being makes himself a path on trodden ground, can he make himself a path in the sea?; a. fr.pl. שְׁבִילִים, שְׁבִילִין. B. Kam.81a ומהלכים בשְׁבִילֵי הרשותוכ׳ it is allowed to walk on private paths (through fields) until the second rainfall (v. רְבִיעָה); Taan.6b; Tosef.Shebi.VII, 18 ש׳ שבשדות. Lev. R. s. 4 היו לפניו שני ש׳וכ׳ if a person had before him two paths, one smooth Y. Ḥag.II, 77a bot. התורה הזו דומה לשני ש׳וכ׳ the Torah is like two paths, the one of fire, the other of snow Tanḥ. Trumah 8 (ref. to Prov. 5:6) שְׁבִילֶיהָ של תורהוכ׳ the paths of the Torah and its sections; a. e.Naz.8b מנין שבילי שמיטה Var. (v. Rashi) as many as the field paths in the Sabbatical year (ed. שבלי).בִּשְׁבִיל on account of, for the sake of; because. Ber.58a בִּשְׁבִילִי for my sake. Ib. בש׳ אשתו ובניו for his wife and children. Taan.20a בִּשְׁבִילְךָ for thy sake. Ib. b בִּשְׁבִילְכֶם for your sake. Sabb.II, 4 בש׳ שתהא מנטפת in order that it may drip. Ib. 5 בש׳ החולה שישן for the sake of a patient, that he may sleep. Succ.29a בש׳ ארבעה דברים for four reasons. Sot.46b בש׳ שכנעניוכ׳ because this Canaanite showed the way with his finger. Num. R. s. 36> שלחה בש׳וכ׳ she sent for R. J.; a. v. fr.

    Jewish literature > שְׁבִיל

  • 86 עיקר

    עִיקָּר, עִקָּרm. (עָקַר) 1) root. Kil. VII, 1 הע׳ השני the second root (that of the slip, v. אַרְכּוּבָה); a. fr.Pl. עִיקָּרִים, עִיקָּרִין, עִקָּ׳. Ib. 2 ועִקָּרֵיהֶם נראין and the roots of the sets are visible. Sabb.XIV, 3 כוס ע׳ root-drink (a medicine for gonorrhœa). Tosef.Yeb.VIII, 4 האיש … כוס ע׳ שלא יוליד a man must not take a root-drink for the purpose of becoming impotent. Sabb. l. c. שמן ע׳ oil in which roots have been soaked. Y.Shek.VI, beg.49c שבו שולקין את הע׳ (oil) in which they boiled the roots (for frankincense); Hor.11b; Kerith. 5a משלק בו הע׳. Ib. והלא לסוך הע׳ אינו סופק but there was not even oil enough to oint the roots (much less to soak them). Pesik. Par., p. 40b>; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8, a. e. מביאין ע׳ ומעשניןוכ׳ they get certain roots (and kindle them), and let the smoke rise under him; a. e.Trnsf. origin. Keth.77a מעִיקָּרוֹ from its origin (shaft), v. חָתַךְ.עִיקַּר מיטרין, v. מִיטְרִין. 2) essence, reality, main object, chief. Y.R. Hash. III, end, 59a עיקרו לא נחש הוא (not עיקרה) is not its (the sarafs) real name naḥash? Snh.87a דבר שעיקרו מדבריוכ׳ a thing (law) which in its main aspect is found in the Torah, but the details of which are based on Soferic tradition (v. סוֹפֵר). Y.Sot.VI, 21a top ע׳ עדותו the main testimony in the case. Ber.12b (ref. to Jer. 23:7, sq.) לא שתעקר … אלא שתהא שעבוד מלכיות ע׳וכ׳ not that the memory of the exodus from Egypt will be entirely effaced, but the delivery from servitude to the empires will be the chief event commemorated, and the exodus from Egypt subordinate to it (v. טָפֵל). Ib. 13a ישראל ע׳ Israel will be the chief name. Ruth R. to IV, 11, a. e., v. מְסוּבֶּה. Ib. (play on עקרה, Gen. 29:31) ורחל היתה עיקרו … ורחל עֲקָרָה עִיקָּרָה Rachel was his (Jacobs) main wife, for we read, ‘and Rachel was ʿǎḳarah which means ʿiḳḳarah (the chief); Gen. R. s. 71 רחל היתה עיקרו של בית Rachel was the chief person of the household. Num. R. s. 14 (play on קערת, Num. 7:61) אל תקרי קערת אלא עִקֶּרֶת … עִקֶּרֶת הבית היא היתה עיקר ביתווכ׳ read not ḳaʿărath, but ʿiḳkereth, typical of Rachel who was the chief of the house: she was the chief person Succ.50b ע׳ שירה בכלי the chief element in the Temple music is instrumental music; ע׳ שירה בפה the song is the essential element; a. v. fr.טעם כע׳, v. טַעַם.כפר בע׳, v. כָּפַר.לא כל ע׳ not at all. Snh.22a לא נשתנה כל ע׳ has not at all been changed. Ex. R. s. 16 אסור ליגע בה כל ע׳ must not touch her at all; a. fr.(In later Hebr. literature: עִיקָּרִים עִקָּ׳, principles of faith.

    Jewish literature > עיקר

  • 87 עקר

    עִיקָּר, עִקָּרm. (עָקַר) 1) root. Kil. VII, 1 הע׳ השני the second root (that of the slip, v. אַרְכּוּבָה); a. fr.Pl. עִיקָּרִים, עִיקָּרִין, עִקָּ׳. Ib. 2 ועִקָּרֵיהֶם נראין and the roots of the sets are visible. Sabb.XIV, 3 כוס ע׳ root-drink (a medicine for gonorrhœa). Tosef.Yeb.VIII, 4 האיש … כוס ע׳ שלא יוליד a man must not take a root-drink for the purpose of becoming impotent. Sabb. l. c. שמן ע׳ oil in which roots have been soaked. Y.Shek.VI, beg.49c שבו שולקין את הע׳ (oil) in which they boiled the roots (for frankincense); Hor.11b; Kerith. 5a משלק בו הע׳. Ib. והלא לסוך הע׳ אינו סופק but there was not even oil enough to oint the roots (much less to soak them). Pesik. Par., p. 40b>; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8, a. e. מביאין ע׳ ומעשניןוכ׳ they get certain roots (and kindle them), and let the smoke rise under him; a. e.Trnsf. origin. Keth.77a מעִיקָּרוֹ from its origin (shaft), v. חָתַךְ.עִיקַּר מיטרין, v. מִיטְרִין. 2) essence, reality, main object, chief. Y.R. Hash. III, end, 59a עיקרו לא נחש הוא (not עיקרה) is not its (the sarafs) real name naḥash? Snh.87a דבר שעיקרו מדבריוכ׳ a thing (law) which in its main aspect is found in the Torah, but the details of which are based on Soferic tradition (v. סוֹפֵר). Y.Sot.VI, 21a top ע׳ עדותו the main testimony in the case. Ber.12b (ref. to Jer. 23:7, sq.) לא שתעקר … אלא שתהא שעבוד מלכיות ע׳וכ׳ not that the memory of the exodus from Egypt will be entirely effaced, but the delivery from servitude to the empires will be the chief event commemorated, and the exodus from Egypt subordinate to it (v. טָפֵל). Ib. 13a ישראל ע׳ Israel will be the chief name. Ruth R. to IV, 11, a. e., v. מְסוּבֶּה. Ib. (play on עקרה, Gen. 29:31) ורחל היתה עיקרו … ורחל עֲקָרָה עִיקָּרָה Rachel was his (Jacobs) main wife, for we read, ‘and Rachel was ʿǎḳarah which means ʿiḳḳarah (the chief); Gen. R. s. 71 רחל היתה עיקרו של בית Rachel was the chief person of the household. Num. R. s. 14 (play on קערת, Num. 7:61) אל תקרי קערת אלא עִקֶּרֶת … עִקֶּרֶת הבית היא היתה עיקר ביתווכ׳ read not ḳaʿărath, but ʿiḳkereth, typical of Rachel who was the chief of the house: she was the chief person Succ.50b ע׳ שירה בכלי the chief element in the Temple music is instrumental music; ע׳ שירה בפה the song is the essential element; a. v. fr.טעם כע׳, v. טַעַם.כפר בע׳, v. כָּפַר.לא כל ע׳ not at all. Snh.22a לא נשתנה כל ע׳ has not at all been changed. Ex. R. s. 16 אסור ליגע בה כל ע׳ must not touch her at all; a. fr.(In later Hebr. literature: עִיקָּרִים עִקָּ׳, principles of faith.

    Jewish literature > עקר

  • 88 עִיקָּר

    עִיקָּר, עִקָּרm. (עָקַר) 1) root. Kil. VII, 1 הע׳ השני the second root (that of the slip, v. אַרְכּוּבָה); a. fr.Pl. עִיקָּרִים, עִיקָּרִין, עִקָּ׳. Ib. 2 ועִקָּרֵיהֶם נראין and the roots of the sets are visible. Sabb.XIV, 3 כוס ע׳ root-drink (a medicine for gonorrhœa). Tosef.Yeb.VIII, 4 האיש … כוס ע׳ שלא יוליד a man must not take a root-drink for the purpose of becoming impotent. Sabb. l. c. שמן ע׳ oil in which roots have been soaked. Y.Shek.VI, beg.49c שבו שולקין את הע׳ (oil) in which they boiled the roots (for frankincense); Hor.11b; Kerith. 5a משלק בו הע׳. Ib. והלא לסוך הע׳ אינו סופק but there was not even oil enough to oint the roots (much less to soak them). Pesik. Par., p. 40b>; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8, a. e. מביאין ע׳ ומעשניןוכ׳ they get certain roots (and kindle them), and let the smoke rise under him; a. e.Trnsf. origin. Keth.77a מעִיקָּרוֹ from its origin (shaft), v. חָתַךְ.עִיקַּר מיטרין, v. מִיטְרִין. 2) essence, reality, main object, chief. Y.R. Hash. III, end, 59a עיקרו לא נחש הוא (not עיקרה) is not its (the sarafs) real name naḥash? Snh.87a דבר שעיקרו מדבריוכ׳ a thing (law) which in its main aspect is found in the Torah, but the details of which are based on Soferic tradition (v. סוֹפֵר). Y.Sot.VI, 21a top ע׳ עדותו the main testimony in the case. Ber.12b (ref. to Jer. 23:7, sq.) לא שתעקר … אלא שתהא שעבוד מלכיות ע׳וכ׳ not that the memory of the exodus from Egypt will be entirely effaced, but the delivery from servitude to the empires will be the chief event commemorated, and the exodus from Egypt subordinate to it (v. טָפֵל). Ib. 13a ישראל ע׳ Israel will be the chief name. Ruth R. to IV, 11, a. e., v. מְסוּבֶּה. Ib. (play on עקרה, Gen. 29:31) ורחל היתה עיקרו … ורחל עֲקָרָה עִיקָּרָה Rachel was his (Jacobs) main wife, for we read, ‘and Rachel was ʿǎḳarah which means ʿiḳḳarah (the chief); Gen. R. s. 71 רחל היתה עיקרו של בית Rachel was the chief person of the household. Num. R. s. 14 (play on קערת, Num. 7:61) אל תקרי קערת אלא עִקֶּרֶת … עִקֶּרֶת הבית היא היתה עיקר ביתווכ׳ read not ḳaʿărath, but ʿiḳkereth, typical of Rachel who was the chief of the house: she was the chief person Succ.50b ע׳ שירה בכלי the chief element in the Temple music is instrumental music; ע׳ שירה בפה the song is the essential element; a. v. fr.טעם כע׳, v. טַעַם.כפר בע׳, v. כָּפַר.לא כל ע׳ not at all. Snh.22a לא נשתנה כל ע׳ has not at all been changed. Ex. R. s. 16 אסור ליגע בה כל ע׳ must not touch her at all; a. fr.(In later Hebr. literature: עִיקָּרִים עִקָּ׳, principles of faith.

    Jewish literature > עִיקָּר

  • 89 עִקָּר

    עִיקָּר, עִקָּרm. (עָקַר) 1) root. Kil. VII, 1 הע׳ השני the second root (that of the slip, v. אַרְכּוּבָה); a. fr.Pl. עִיקָּרִים, עִיקָּרִין, עִקָּ׳. Ib. 2 ועִקָּרֵיהֶם נראין and the roots of the sets are visible. Sabb.XIV, 3 כוס ע׳ root-drink (a medicine for gonorrhœa). Tosef.Yeb.VIII, 4 האיש … כוס ע׳ שלא יוליד a man must not take a root-drink for the purpose of becoming impotent. Sabb. l. c. שמן ע׳ oil in which roots have been soaked. Y.Shek.VI, beg.49c שבו שולקין את הע׳ (oil) in which they boiled the roots (for frankincense); Hor.11b; Kerith. 5a משלק בו הע׳. Ib. והלא לסוך הע׳ אינו סופק but there was not even oil enough to oint the roots (much less to soak them). Pesik. Par., p. 40b>; Tanḥ. Ḥuck. 8, a. e. מביאין ע׳ ומעשניןוכ׳ they get certain roots (and kindle them), and let the smoke rise under him; a. e.Trnsf. origin. Keth.77a מעִיקָּרוֹ from its origin (shaft), v. חָתַךְ.עִיקַּר מיטרין, v. מִיטְרִין. 2) essence, reality, main object, chief. Y.R. Hash. III, end, 59a עיקרו לא נחש הוא (not עיקרה) is not its (the sarafs) real name naḥash? Snh.87a דבר שעיקרו מדבריוכ׳ a thing (law) which in its main aspect is found in the Torah, but the details of which are based on Soferic tradition (v. סוֹפֵר). Y.Sot.VI, 21a top ע׳ עדותו the main testimony in the case. Ber.12b (ref. to Jer. 23:7, sq.) לא שתעקר … אלא שתהא שעבוד מלכיות ע׳וכ׳ not that the memory of the exodus from Egypt will be entirely effaced, but the delivery from servitude to the empires will be the chief event commemorated, and the exodus from Egypt subordinate to it (v. טָפֵל). Ib. 13a ישראל ע׳ Israel will be the chief name. Ruth R. to IV, 11, a. e., v. מְסוּבֶּה. Ib. (play on עקרה, Gen. 29:31) ורחל היתה עיקרו … ורחל עֲקָרָה עִיקָּרָה Rachel was his (Jacobs) main wife, for we read, ‘and Rachel was ʿǎḳarah which means ʿiḳḳarah (the chief); Gen. R. s. 71 רחל היתה עיקרו של בית Rachel was the chief person of the household. Num. R. s. 14 (play on קערת, Num. 7:61) אל תקרי קערת אלא עִקֶּרֶת … עִקֶּרֶת הבית היא היתה עיקר ביתווכ׳ read not ḳaʿărath, but ʿiḳkereth, typical of Rachel who was the chief of the house: she was the chief person Succ.50b ע׳ שירה בכלי the chief element in the Temple music is instrumental music; ע׳ שירה בפה the song is the essential element; a. v. fr.טעם כע׳, v. טַעַם.כפר בע׳, v. כָּפַר.לא כל ע׳ not at all. Snh.22a לא נשתנה כל ע׳ has not at all been changed. Ex. R. s. 16 אסור ליגע בה כל ע׳ must not touch her at all; a. fr.(In later Hebr. literature: עִיקָּרִים עִקָּ׳, principles of faith.

    Jewish literature > עִקָּר

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