-
21 oster
bitter, clear, hard, harsh, keen, piercing, sharp, stern, tough -
22 točno
accurately, exactly, just, time, precisely, promptly, punctually, sharp -
23 bodàti
bodàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `stab, sting'Page in Trubačev: II 122-122Russian:bodát' `butt' [verb], bodáju [1sg]Czech:Slovak:Slovene:bọ̑dati `sting, stitch' [verb], bọ̑dam [1sg]Bulgarian:bodá `stab, feel a sharp pain' [verb]Lithuanian:badýti `butt, prick' [verb], bãdo [3ps]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰodʰ-IE meaning: stabPage in Pokorny: 113Comments: The ESSJa mentions forms reflecting * bodati under * badati because the o-vocalism is assumed to be analogical. Since in general *bodàti is also semantically closer to bostì (the meaning `investigate' is limited to bādàti) and in some languages occurs alongside *bādàti, it is perhaps more accurate to say that it is a recent formation.Other cognates: -
24 bridъ
bridъ; bridь Grammatical information: m. oPage in Trubačev: III 27-28, 29Russian:Serbo-Croatian:brȋd `border, edge, blade' [m o]Slovene:brȋd `sharp edge' [f i], bridȋ [Gens]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰr(e)iH-tio-Page in Pokorny: 166 -
25 bridь
bridъ; bridь Grammatical information: m. oPage in Trubačev: III 27-28, 29Russian:Serbo-Croatian:brȋd `border, edge, blade' [m o]Slovene:brȋd `sharp edge' [f i], bridȋ [Gens]Indo-European reconstruction: bʰr(e)iH-tio-Page in Pokorny: 166 -
26 čьrstvъ
čьrstvъ Grammatical information: adj. oPage in Trubačev: IV 159-161Church Slavic:Russian:čërstvyj `stale, hard, callous' [adj o]Czech:č(e)rstvý `strong, healthy, fresh' [adj o]Polish:Serbo-Croatian:čvȓst `strong, hard, firm' [adj o], čvŕsta [Nomsf];Čak. čvȑst (Vrgada) `strong, hard, firm' [adj o], čvrstȁ [Nomsf], čvrstȍ [Nomsn];Čak. čvȑs (Orbanići) `strong, firm' [adj o], čvȑsta [Nomsf], čvȑsto [Nomsn]Slovene:čvȓst `firm, strong, fresh' [adj o], čvŕsta [Nomsf]Lithuanian:kir̃stas `sharp, harsh (of a person)'Indo-European reconstruction: krt-tuo-Page in Pokorny: 584 -
27 dzělo
dzělo Grammatical information: adv. Proto-Slavic meaning: `very'Old Church Slavic:dzělo `very' [adv];zělo `very' [adv]Russian:zeló (arch.) `very' [adv]Old Czech:Slovene:zẹlọ̑ `very' [adv]Lithuanian:gailùs `sharp, lamentable' [adj u] 4Indo-European reconstruction: gʰoil-o-Page in Pokorny: 1154Other cognates: -
28 esètrъ
esètrъ; esètra Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `sturgeon'Page in Trubačev: VI 30-31Russian:osëtr `sturgeon' [m o], osetrá [Gens];osetër (dial.) `sturgeon' [m o]Old Russian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:jèsetra `sturgeon' [f ā]Slovene:Bulgarian:esétra `sturgeon' [f ā]Lithuanian:erškẽtas `sturgeon' [m o];erškė́tras (dial.) `sturgeon' [m o] 1 \{1\}Old Prussian:esketres `sturgeon'Page in Pokorny: 18Comments: It seems highly plausible that *jesètra is cognate with *jesera `awn, fishbone', Lith. ešerỹs `perch' and that both etyma belong to PIE *h₂ḱ- `sharp', cf. Lat. acipēnser `sturgeon' < *h₂eḱu-. The Baltic forms are not without problems, however. Forms like erškẽtas and erškė́tras were probably influenced by erškė́tis `thorn' (though it must be admitted that a development erškẽtas < eškẽtras is plausible in itself, cf. Toporov II: 89), but it is clear that the original form contained a k, cf. OPr. esketres, which is absent in Lith. ešerỹs. This may be the familiar intrusive velar which in Baltic frequently arose before s or z. In that case we would have to depart from a Baltic protoform *ekśetras.Notes: -
29 esètra
esètrъ; esètra Grammatical information: m. o; f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `sturgeon'Page in Trubačev: VI 30-31Russian:osëtr `sturgeon' [m o], osetrá [Gens];osetër (dial.) `sturgeon' [m o]Old Russian:Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:Upper Sorbian:Lower Sorbian:Serbo-Croatian:jèsetra `sturgeon' [f ā]Slovene:Bulgarian:esétra `sturgeon' [f ā]Lithuanian:erškẽtas `sturgeon' [m o];erškė́tras (dial.) `sturgeon' [m o] 1 \{1\}Old Prussian:esketres `sturgeon'Page in Pokorny: 18Comments: It seems highly plausible that *jesètra is cognate with *jesera `awn, fishbone', Lith. ešerỹs `perch' and that both etyma belong to PIE *h₂ḱ- `sharp', cf. Lat. acipēnser `sturgeon' < *h₂eḱu-. The Baltic forms are not without problems, however. Forms like erškẽtas and erškė́tras were probably influenced by erškė́tis `thorn' (though it must be admitted that a development erškẽtas < eškẽtras is plausible in itself, cf. Toporov II: 89), but it is clear that the original form contained a k, cf. OPr. esketres, which is absent in Lith. ešerỹs. This may be the familiar intrusive velar which in Baltic frequently arose before s or z. In that case we would have to depart from a Baltic protoform *ekśetras.Notes: -
30 ěždžь
ěždžь; ěždžikъ; ězgarъ; ězgarь; ěskarъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o; m. o; m. jo; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `ruff'Page in Trubačev: VI 60Belorussian:jadžgár `ruff' [m o]Ukrainian:Czech:ježdík `ruff' [m o]Polish:jażdż (arch., N. dial.) `ruff' [m jo];Old Polish:jeżdżyk `ruff' [m o]Kashubian:i̯wžǯ, i̯wšč `ruff' [m jo]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: egź-io-;; ē̆źg-io-Lithuanian:ežgỹs `ruff' [m io] 4;egžlỹs (arch.) `ruff' [m io] 4;ežegỹs (Pruss.) `ruff' [m io] 3b \{3\}Old Prussian:assegis (EV) `perch'Page in Pokorny: 292Comments: It seems perfectly plausible to me that this etymon is cognate with *ežь `hedgehog'. Like its close relative the perch, the ruff has prickly fins (cf. MoHG Barsch `perch', Borste `bristle', Lith. ešerỹs `perch', which presumably derives from *h₂eḱ- `sharp'). The g of this word may be the well-known Baltic intrusive velar. In that case, archaic Lith. egžlỹs would have preserved the original constellation. The Slavic forms would have to be borrowings from Baltic, which in view of their distribution is not unlikely.Notes: -
31 ěždžikъ
ěždžь; ěždžikъ; ězgarъ; ězgarь; ěskarъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o; m. o; m. jo; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `ruff'Page in Trubačev: VI 60Belorussian:jadžgár `ruff' [m o]Ukrainian:Czech:ježdík `ruff' [m o]Polish:jażdż (arch., N. dial.) `ruff' [m jo];Old Polish:jeżdżyk `ruff' [m o]Kashubian:i̯wžǯ, i̯wšč `ruff' [m jo]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: egź-io-;; ē̆źg-io-Lithuanian:ežgỹs `ruff' [m io] 4;egžlỹs (arch.) `ruff' [m io] 4;ežegỹs (Pruss.) `ruff' [m io] 3b \{3\}Old Prussian:assegis (EV) `perch'Page in Pokorny: 292Comments: It seems perfectly plausible to me that this etymon is cognate with *ežь `hedgehog'. Like its close relative the perch, the ruff has prickly fins (cf. MoHG Barsch `perch', Borste `bristle', Lith. ešerỹs `perch', which presumably derives from *h₂eḱ- `sharp'). The g of this word may be the well-known Baltic intrusive velar. In that case, archaic Lith. egžlỹs would have preserved the original constellation. The Slavic forms would have to be borrowings from Baltic, which in view of their distribution is not unlikely.Notes: -
32 ězgarъ
ěždžь; ěždžikъ; ězgarъ; ězgarь; ěskarъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o; m. o; m. jo; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `ruff'Page in Trubačev: VI 60Belorussian:jadžgár `ruff' [m o]Ukrainian:Czech:ježdík `ruff' [m o]Polish:jażdż (arch., N. dial.) `ruff' [m jo];Old Polish:jeżdżyk `ruff' [m o]Kashubian:i̯wžǯ, i̯wšč `ruff' [m jo]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: egź-io-;; ē̆źg-io-Lithuanian:ežgỹs `ruff' [m io] 4;egžlỹs (arch.) `ruff' [m io] 4;ežegỹs (Pruss.) `ruff' [m io] 3b \{3\}Old Prussian:assegis (EV) `perch'Page in Pokorny: 292Comments: It seems perfectly plausible to me that this etymon is cognate with *ežь `hedgehog'. Like its close relative the perch, the ruff has prickly fins (cf. MoHG Barsch `perch', Borste `bristle', Lith. ešerỹs `perch', which presumably derives from *h₂eḱ- `sharp'). The g of this word may be the well-known Baltic intrusive velar. In that case, archaic Lith. egžlỹs would have preserved the original constellation. The Slavic forms would have to be borrowings from Baltic, which in view of their distribution is not unlikely.Notes: -
33 ězgarь
ěždžь; ěždžikъ; ězgarъ; ězgarь; ěskarъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o; m. o; m. jo; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `ruff'Page in Trubačev: VI 60Belorussian:jadžgár `ruff' [m o]Ukrainian:Czech:ježdík `ruff' [m o]Polish:jażdż (arch., N. dial.) `ruff' [m jo];Old Polish:jeżdżyk `ruff' [m o]Kashubian:i̯wžǯ, i̯wšč `ruff' [m jo]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: egź-io-;; ē̆źg-io-Lithuanian:ežgỹs `ruff' [m io] 4;egžlỹs (arch.) `ruff' [m io] 4;ežegỹs (Pruss.) `ruff' [m io] 3b \{3\}Old Prussian:assegis (EV) `perch'Page in Pokorny: 292Comments: It seems perfectly plausible to me that this etymon is cognate with *ežь `hedgehog'. Like its close relative the perch, the ruff has prickly fins (cf. MoHG Barsch `perch', Borste `bristle', Lith. ešerỹs `perch', which presumably derives from *h₂eḱ- `sharp'). The g of this word may be the well-known Baltic intrusive velar. In that case, archaic Lith. egžlỹs would have preserved the original constellation. The Slavic forms would have to be borrowings from Baltic, which in view of their distribution is not unlikely.Notes: -
34 ěskarъ
ěždžь; ěždžikъ; ězgarъ; ězgarь; ěskarъ Grammatical information: m. jo; m. o; m. o; m. jo; m. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `ruff'Page in Trubačev: VI 60Belorussian:jadžgár `ruff' [m o]Ukrainian:Czech:ježdík `ruff' [m o]Polish:jażdż (arch., N. dial.) `ruff' [m jo];Old Polish:jeżdżyk `ruff' [m o]Kashubian:i̯wžǯ, i̯wšč `ruff' [m jo]Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: egź-io-;; ē̆źg-io-Lithuanian:ežgỹs `ruff' [m io] 4;egžlỹs (arch.) `ruff' [m io] 4;ežegỹs (Pruss.) `ruff' [m io] 3b \{3\}Old Prussian:assegis (EV) `perch'Page in Pokorny: 292Comments: It seems perfectly plausible to me that this etymon is cognate with *ežь `hedgehog'. Like its close relative the perch, the ruff has prickly fins (cf. MoHG Barsch `perch', Borste `bristle', Lith. ešerỹs `perch', which presumably derives from *h₂eḱ- `sharp'). The g of this word may be the well-known Baltic intrusive velar. In that case, archaic Lith. egžlỹs would have preserved the original constellation. The Slavic forms would have to be borrowings from Baltic, which in view of their distribution is not unlikely.Notes: -
35 grǫbъ
grǫbъ; grubъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `coarse, rude'Page in Trubačev: VII 145-146Old Church Slavic:grǫbъ (Supr.) `ignorant, uneducated' [adj o]Russian:grúbyj `coarse, rude' [adj o]Czech:hrubý `big, coarse, rough' [adj o]Slovak:hrubý `thick, big, coarse' [adj o]Polish:gręby (dial.) `wrinkled, sharp, tough' [adj o]Slovincian:gräbḯ `thick' [adj o]Serbo-Croatian:grȗb `coarse, rude, ugly' [adj o];Čak. grȗb (Vrgada) `ugly' [adj o]Slovene:grǫ̑b `big, strong, conspicuous, rude' [adj o], grǫ́ba [Nomsf]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:grubùs `uneven, rough' [adj]Latvian:grum̃bulaîns `uneven, rough' [adj]Indo-European reconstruction: gru(m)bʰ-Certainty: -Other cognates: -
36 grubъ
grǫbъ; grubъ Grammatical information: adj. o Proto-Slavic meaning: `coarse, rude'Page in Trubačev: VII 145-146Old Church Slavic:grǫbъ (Supr.) `ignorant, uneducated' [adj o]Russian:grúbyj `coarse, rude' [adj o]Czech:hrubý `big, coarse, rough' [adj o]Slovak:hrubý `thick, big, coarse' [adj o]Polish:gręby (dial.) `wrinkled, sharp, tough' [adj o]Slovincian:gräbḯ `thick' [adj o]Serbo-Croatian:grȗb `coarse, rude, ugly' [adj o];Čak. grȗb (Vrgada) `ugly' [adj o]Slovene:grǫ̑b `big, strong, conspicuous, rude' [adj o], grǫ́ba [Nomsf]Bulgarian:Lithuanian:grubùs `uneven, rough' [adj]Latvian:grum̃bulaîns `uneven, rough' [adj]Indo-European reconstruction: gru(m)bʰ-Certainty: -Other cognates: -
37 jùgъ
jùgъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `South, south wind'Page in Trubačev: VIII 192-193Old Church Slavic:Russian:Old Russian:Czech:Old Czech:Slovak:Serbo-Croatian:jȕg `south wind' [m o];jȕgo `south wind' [n o];Čak. jȕgo (Vrgada, Novi, Orbanići) `south wind' [n o]Slovene:jùg `southwest wind, South' [m o], júga [Gens]Bulgarian:Comments: If *jùgъ is cognate with Gk. αὐγή `light, beam' < *h₂eug-, the acute tone of the root can be explained by Winter's law. On the other hand, this etmology also implies that the *j- was originally a glide, which considering the distribution of forms with and without *j- seems less likely. The ESSJa argues that * jugъ contains * iouǝ `mix, knead'. The original meaning would have been `soft', cf. -> sěverъ, of the which the older meaning is assumed to have been `sharp, severe'. This all seems highly speculative. -
38 kъlъ
-
39 lemešь
lemešь; lemežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `ploughshare, plough'Page in Trubačev: XIV 108-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Belorussian:ljaméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Ukrainian:lemíš `ploughshare' [m jo], lemešá [Gens]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:lemięsz `ploughshare' [m jo];Slovincian:leḿǫž `ploughshare' [m jo]Serbo-Croatian:lèmeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lèmež `ploughshare' [m jo];Čak. lemȅš (Orbanići) `ploughshare' [m jo], lemȅša [Gens]Slovene:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lémež `ploughshare' [m jo]Bulgarian:leméž `ploughshare' [m jo]Macedonian:leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Lithuanian:lẽmežis `wooden part of the plough' [m io];lãmežis (dial.) `wooden part of the plough' [m io]Latvian:Page in Pokorny: 674 -
40 lemežь
lemešь; lemežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `ploughshare, plough'Page in Trubačev: XIV 108-110Old Church Slavic:Russian:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Belorussian:ljaméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Ukrainian:lemíš `ploughshare' [m jo], lemešá [Gens]Czech:Slovak:Polish:Old Polish:lemięsz `ploughshare' [m jo];Slovincian:leḿǫž `ploughshare' [m jo]Serbo-Croatian:lèmeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lèmež `ploughshare' [m jo];Čak. lemȅš (Orbanići) `ploughshare' [m jo], lemȅša [Gens]Slovene:lémeš `ploughshare' [m jo];lémež `ploughshare' [m jo]Bulgarian:leméž `ploughshare' [m jo]Macedonian:leméš `ploughshare' [m jo]Lithuanian:lẽmežis `wooden part of the plough' [m io];lãmežis (dial.) `wooden part of the plough' [m io]Latvian:Page in Pokorny: 674
См. также в других словарях:
Sharp — Sharp, a. [Compar. {Sharper}; superl. {Sharpest}.] [OE. sharp, scharp, scarp, AS. scearp; akin to OS. skarp, LG. scharp, D. scherp, G. scharf, Dan. & Sw. skarp, Icel. skarpr. Cf. {Escarp}, {Scrape}, {Scorpion}.] 1. Having a very thin edge or fine … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Sharp — K.K Rechtsform Kabushiki kaisha ISIN JP3359600008[1] Gründung … Deutsch Wikipedia
SHARP — Pour l’article homophone, voir Sharpe. Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom … Wikipédia en Français
sharp — [ʆɑːp ǁ ʆɑːrp] adjective a sharp increase, fall etc is very sudden and very big: • a sharp rise in interest rates • Unemployment generally brings a sharp fall in income. • The group reported a sharp decline in full year profits. sharply adverb … Financial and business terms
sharp — [shärp] adj. [ME < OE scearp, akin to Ger scharf, ON skarpr < IE * (s)kerb(h) < base * (s)ker , to cut > SHEAR, HARVEST, L caro, flesh] 1. suitable for use in cutting or piercing; having a very thin edge or fine point; keen 2. having… … English World dictionary
sharp — sharp, keen, acute can all mean having a fine point or edge, but it is in several of their extended senses that they are most likely to come into comparison. As applied to persons or their qualities, especially of intellect, all three can… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Sharp — may refer to: *Sharp (music), a musical notation sign (music|sharp) *Sharp (flour), a flour made from hard wheat *Sharp (set theory) *Sharp (crater), a lunar impact crater *Sharp (material property)An organization: *Sharp Corporation, a Japanese… … Wikipedia
sharp — [adj1] knifelike, cutting aciculate, acuate, acuminate, acuminous, acute, apical, barbed, briery, cuspate, cuspidate, edged, fine, ground fine, honed, horned, jagged, keen, keen edged, knife edged, needlelike, needle pointed, peaked, pointed,… … New thesaurus
sharp — sharp; sharp·en; sharp·en·er; sharp·er; sharp·ie; sharp·ish; sharp·ite; sharp·ly; sharp·ness; sharp·ster; un·sharp; … English syllables
Sharp — Sharp, adv. 1. To a point or edge; piercingly; eagerly; sharply. M. Arnold. [1913 Webster] The head [of a spear] full sharp yground. Chaucer. [1913 Webster] You bite so sharp at reasons. Shak. [1913 Webster] 2. Precisely; exactly; as, we shall… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Sharp EL-8 — von 1971 Der EL 8 von Sharp ist der erste mobile elektronische Taschenrechner der Welt, der in Serie gefertigt wurde. Er wurde im Januar 1971 eingeführt. Die Elektronik ist in vier von Rockwell hergestellten LSI ICs (large scale integration)… … Deutsch Wikipedia