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1 þerna
f.1) tern;2) maid-servant.* * *u, f. a tern or sea-swallow, sterna hirundo, Grág. ii. 347, Edda (Gl.); spá-þerna, Hkr. i. (in a verse), and in mod. usage: in the local name þern-ey, near Reykjavík.II. a servant, [Dan. tærne; quite a different word, akin to þirr]:—a maid-servant, Stj. 138, 172, 616, and so in mod. usage. -
2 ÁRR
I)(pl. ærir and árar, acc. áru and ára), m.1) messenger, servant;2) pl. angels (ærir ok höfuðærir).a. early (at árum degi).* * *m. [Ulf. airus; Hel. eru; A. S. ar; cp. Icel. eyrindi, A. S. ærend, Engl. errand], a messenger; old gen. árar (as ásar from áss); dat. æri (Fms. xi. 144); acc. pl. áru, Hkv. 1. 21, Og. 25, Greg. 35, later ára; nom. pl. ærir, Pd. 35 (12th century), later árar, v. Lex. Poët.: very rare and obsolete in prose, except in a bad sense, but freq. in old poetry: also used in the sense of a servant, Lat. minister, famulus; konungs árr, Guðs árr, Lex. Poët.; Ásu úrr, Ýt. 25.2. theol., in pl.:α. the angels; Guð görir anda áru sína, Greg. 35; engla sveitir, þat eru ærir ok höfuð-ærir, id.β. evil spirits; now almost exclusively used in this sense; fjandinn ok hans árar, Fms. vii. 37; satan með sínum árum, ii. 137; cp. djöfli, viti, ár (dat.) og álf, öldin trúði sú, Snót 140.γ. used of the number eleven, ærir eru ellefu, Edda 108. -
3 dyggr
(accus. dyggvan, rarely dyggan), a. faithful, trusty; dyggvar dróttir, worthy, good people.* * *adj., mostly with v if followed by a vowel, e. g. dyggvar, dyggvan, superl. dyggvastr, compar. dyggvari, but sometimes the v is dropped:—faithful, trusty; dyggvar dróttir, worthy, good people, Vsp. 63; d. ok trúr, Fms. x. 233; d. ok drengileg meðferð, vi. 96; dyggra ok dugandi manna, Stj. 121; enn dyggvasti hirðmaðr, Magn. 484; reynda ek hann enn dyggvasta í öllum hlutum, Fms. i. 69; dyggvastr ok drottin-hollastr, Hkr. iii. 150; but dyggastr, Fms. vi. 401, l. c.; ú-dyggr, faithless: in mod. usage esp. as epithet of a faithful servant, d. þjón, dygt hjú; ódyggt hjú, a bad servant, etc.: of inanimate things, dyggir ávextir, Stj. 234. -
4 FANTR
(-s, -ar), m.1) servant, footman (fant sé ek hvern á hesti, en lendir menn ganga);2) landlouper, vagabond.* * *m. [Ital. fanti = a servant; Germ. fanz; Dan. fjante = an oaf; the Norwegians call the gipsies ‘fante-folk,’ and use fante-kjæring for a hag, fille-fant for the Germ. firle-fanz, a ragamuffin, etc.: the word is traced by Diez to the Lat. infans, whence Ital. and Span, infanteria, Fr. infanterie, mod. Engl. infantry, etc.,—in almost all mod. European languages the milit. term for foot-soldiers. In Norse and Icel. the word came into use at the end of the 12th century; the notion of a footman is perceivable in the verse in Fms. viii. 172 (of A. D. 1182)—fant sé ek hvern á hesti en lendir menn ganga, I behold every fant seated on horseback whilst the noblemen walk:—hence it came to mean] a landlouper, vagabond, freq. in Karl., Str., El., Flóv.; fantar ok glópar, Mar.; hversu vegsamligr var konungrinn af Ísrael í dag, hver eð afklæddist fyrir ambáttum þénara sinna, og lék nakinn sem fantar, and danced naked like a buffoon, Vídal. i. 220, cp. 2 Sam. vi. 20. -
5 griði
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6 HJÚ
(pl. hjú, dat. hjúm), n. = hjón, hjún;1) þeir ráku hann í stofu ok hjú hans öll, and all his household-people;2) hjú gørðu hvílu, man and wife went to rest;3) hann reið heim á Laugaland ok réð sér hjú, and engaged servants.* * *n. [for the etymology see híbýli, p. 265; the fundamental notion is family, house]I. man and wife; hve þik hétu hjú, how did thy parents call thee? Fsm. 46; hjú görðu hvílu, Am. 9; er vér heil hjú heima várum, Vkv. 14; bæði hjú, man and wife, Pd. 5, 56; ef hjú skiljask ( are divorced), Grág. i. 239; ef frændsemi eða sifjar koma upp með hjúm, 378; þau hjú (Herod and his queen) ollu lífláti Joans Baptizta, Ver. 40.II. the domestics, family, household: mér ok mínum hjúm, Glúm. (in a verse), Grág. i. 473; lét Koðran þá skíra sik ok hjú hans öll nema Ormr son hans, Bs. i. 5; hjú ok hjörð, house-people and cattle, Þorf. Karl. 376; slíkt er mælt um hjú at öllu, Grág. i. 143; auka hjú sín, 287; þá skulu þeir ala jafnvel sem hjú sín, 445; Hildir ok hjú hans öll, Nj. 158; tók hann við trú ok hjú hans öll, id. The mod. usage distinguishes between hjú, domestics, servants, and hjón, Lat. conjuges: even in sing., dyggt hju, a faithful servant; ódyggt hjú, a faithless servant; öll hjúin á heimilinu, all the servants of the house, etc.; vinnu-hjú, servants; vinnuhjúa-skildagi (= the 14th of May). -
7 SKÁLKR
(-s, -ar), m.1) servant;2) rogue (ljúga sem skálkr).* * *m. [Ulf. skalks = δουλος, skalkinon = δουλεύειν, skalkinassus = δουλεία; A. S. scealc; Germ. schalk; the word remains in siniscalc, seneschal; mariscalc, mar-shall = a horse-groom]:—prop. a ‘slave,’ ‘servant;’ skálka þeirra er skjöld bera, Fas. i. (in a verse); but that sense is else lost.2. a rogue, yet with some notion of a ‘mocker,’ cp. skelkja and skálkheið, Dan. skalk-agtig; leiðr s., Clar.; ljúga sem skálkr, Rétt. 61, and so in mod. usage, Pass. 8. 19; skálka mark, a brand, 7. 13; skálka-pör, roguery. It is freq. in Germ. pr. names, as, Godi-scalk, whence mod. Icel. Gott-skalk, which appears in Icel. in the 15th century. -
8 SVEINN
(-s, -ar), m.1) boy (sveinar tveir léku á gólfinu);2) in addressing grown-up men, boys, lads (hart ríði þér, sveinar!);3) servant, attendant (þeir vissu, at hann var s. Gunnhildar); squire, page.* * *m. [a northern word, from which the A. S. swân, Engl. swain, seems to be borrowed]:—a boy; fæddi Vigdís barn, þat var sveinn, sá var vænn mjök, Ingimundr leit á sveininn ok mælti, sjá sveinn … son áttu þau annan … þessi sveinn, Fs. 23; sveinninn Hörðr stóð við stokk ok gékk nú it fyrsta sinn frá stokkinum til móður sinnar, Ísl. ii. 15; skal þat barn út bera ef þú fæðir meybarn, en upp fæða ef sveinn er, 198; kona hans fæddi barn, ok hét sveinn sá Hrafn, Eg. 100; svá sem þeir sveinar aðrir er vóru sex vetra eðr sjau vetra, 147; sveinar tveirléku á gólfinu, Nj. 15; var þá nafn gefit sveininum, 91; kallaði Njáll á sveininn Höskuld, … hann lét sveininum ekki í mein, ok unni mikit, 146, 147; sveininn Þórð Kárason … hinu hefir þú mér heitið, amma, segir sveinninn, 201, Bs. i. 599.II. boys, lads! often used in addressing grown-up men; eld kveykit ér nú, sveinar! Nj. 199; hart ríðit ér, sveinar! 82; sjáit ér nú rauðálfinn, sveinar! 70; hverr á sveina (gen. pl.) hendr í hári mér? Fms. xi. 151; hvernig er, sveinar? 145; sveinn ok sveinn! hverjum ertú sveini borinn? Fm. 1; inn fráneygi sveinn! id.; Hjalla-sveinar, Hofs-sveinar, Gullþ. 4, Finnb.2. a servant, attendant, waiter; sveinar Ólafs, Ld. 96: esp. a page, sveinn Gunnildar, Nj. 5, Fms. ix. 236, Ann. 1346 C; skutil-sveinn, skó-sveinn, q. v.: of bondsmen, N. G. L. i. 35, 76: in mod. usage an apprentice, Dan. svend.III. a nickname, Sigurðr Sveinn (= the Germ. Siegfried), Skíða R. 2. Sveinn, a pr. name, very freq., Landn., Fms.: in compds, Svein-björn, Svein-ungr, Sveinki, Berg-sveinn, Koll-s.COMPDS: sveinalauss, sveinsleikr, sveinsligr. -
9 þénari
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10 ÞJÓNA
(að), v.1) to serve (settist hann heima ok þjónaði ekki konungi); þjóna til e-s, to serve, pay homage to (kvaðst hann skyldr at þjóna til konungs); to deserve (launa þeim sem þeir hafa til þjónat); þjóna undir e-n, to serve under one;2) to attend on as a servant, wait on (hón þjónaði honum eigi verr enn bónda sínum).* * *að, [A. S. þenian; O. H. G. diunon; Germ. dienen; mod. Dan. tjene, Swed. tjäna, mod. Icel. þéna; the proper Dan. form would be tyne]:—to serve; settisk hann heima ok þjónaði ekki konungi, Eg. 83; þessi guðin er þú þjónar, serves, worships, Fms. i. 97; líf ok dauði þjóna Dróttni, 623. 27; þjóna Guði, Stj. 375; þjóna til e-s, to serve, pay homage to, of allegiance; kvaðsk hann skyldr at þ. til konungs, Fms. ix. 431; engi vildi til þeirra þjóna upp frá því, xi. 334; þeir er til hans (i. e. Christ) þjóna, Mar.; þjóna til hans né annarra, Fms. iv. 23: þjóna undir e-n, to serve under one, Sturl. ii. 4: absol., Jb. 383.2. to attend on as a servant, wait on, with dat., Stj. 441; hón þjónaði honum eigi verr enn bónda sínum, Nj. 62; lét göra honum laug ok þjónaði honum sjálfr, Fms. vi. 303; þ. at konungs-borði, Fb. ii. 428; þ. fyrir borði, Fms. vii. 84: in Icel. households chiefly used of maid-servants, cp. Ld. ch. 11.3. in eccl. sense, to perform service; þjóna kirkju (dat.), Bs. i. 179, Hom.; þ. kapellu, D. N. ii. 338. -
11 þjónn
(-s, -ar), m. servant, attendant.* * *m. [A. S. þen], a servant, attendant, Hkr. iii. 365, Fms. x. 277, Gþl. 76, N. G. L. i. 70, Sks. passim, Greg. 50, MS. 623. 21. -
12 ÞÝR
f., gen. þýjar, dat. þýju, acc. þý; pl. þýjar; the r is a fem. inflexion, as in kýr, sýr; the root is þý, qs. þivi; see þý; [Goth. þjus and þiwi; cp. A. S. þeowian = to serve; Icel. þjó-na, qs. þjov-na, þjónn; as also Germ. dienen]:—a bondwoman; þræll ok þýr, Rm.; þræl eða þý (allit.), man-servant and maid-servant, Fms. iv. 204; þýjar barn, þýjar sonr, a bairn, son of a bondwoman, Fas. i. 495, iii. 434; meðan þú á kvernum kysstir þýjar, Hkv. 1. 35; hvöss eru augu í Hagals þýju (dat.), 2. 2; þræla þrjá tigu, þýjar (acc. pl.) sjau góðar, Am. 93; þýjar ok salkonur, Skv. 3. 45; en um Svanhildi sátu þýjar (nom. pl.), waited on her, Gh. 15; meldr Fróða þýja (gen. pl.), Edda (in a verse). -
13 ARR
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14 árr
I)(pl. ærir and árar, acc. áru and ára), m.1) messenger, servant;2) pl. angels (ærir ok höfuðærir).a. early (at árum degi).* * *adj., Lat. matutinus; at arum degi, Hom. 121. Cp. ár (adv.) II. -
15 DÚKR
(-s, -ar), m.2) tablecloth;3) towel, napkin.* * *m. [Engl. duck; Swed. duk; Dan. dug; Germ. tuch]:— any cloth or texture, Bárð. 160; vaðmáls-d., lín-d., etc., a cloak of wadmal, linen, etc.: a carpet, Fms. ix. 219: tapestry in a church, fimm dúka ok tvá þar í buna, annarr með rautt silki, Vm. 77, vide altaris-dúkr, 20: a neck-kerchief of a lady, dúkr á hálsi, Rm. 16.β. a table-cloth (borð-dúkr); as to the ancient Scandin. custom of covering the table with a cloth, vide esp. Nj. ch. 117, Bs. i. 475, Guðm. S. ch. 43; and for still earlier times the old heathen poem Rm., where Móðir, the yeoman’s good-wife, covers the table with a ‘marked’ (i. e. stitched) white linen cloth, 28; whilst Edda, the old bondman’s good-wife, puts the food on an uncovered table (verse 4); by a mishap the transcriber of Ob. (the only MS. wherein this poem is preserved) has skipped over a verse in the second line of verse 17, so that we are unable to say how Amma, the husbandman’s good-wife, dressed her table: the proverb, eptir dúk og disk, i. e. post festum.γ. a towel; at banquets a servant went round to the guests in turn bearing a basin and a towel on the shoulder, Lv. ch. 13; to be served first was a mark of honour; cp. also Nj. l. c., Har. S. Harðr. ch. 79 (the Danish king and the old woman): a napkin, Blas. 45, 655 xvii. 5: belonging to the priest’s vestment, Pm. 133; d. ok corporale, Vm. 154, Stj. Gen. xxiv. 65 (a veil). -
16 FASTR
a.1) fast, firm, sticking fast to the spot; hrútr f. (held fast, entangled) á meðal viða; f. á velli, standing fast (in battle); standa f. fyrir, to stand fast (firm);3) of a meeting: þá er sóknarþing er fast, during the session;4) firm, faithful (fast heit, loforð, föst trú); fullr ok f., definitive, permanent (þessi grið skulu vera full ok föst);5) strong, hard (f. bardagi); fast atkvæði, hard syllable (ending in a double consonant);6) til fasta, fast, firmly; ráða, mæla, heita til fasta, to make a firm agreement.* * *1.adj. [wanting in Ulf., who renders βέβαιος etc. by tulgus; but common to all other Teut. idioms; A. S. fæst; Engl. fast; O. H. G. fasti; Germ. fest; Swed.-Dan. fast]:—fast, firm, esp. with the notion of sticking fast to the spot; hrútr f. (held fast, entangled) á meðal viða, 655 vii. 2; fastr á velli, standing fast, e. g. in a battle, Fms. xi. 246; vera, standa f. fyrir, to stand fast, Þorst. St. 53; f. á fótum, of a bondsman whose feet are bound fast to the soil, Grág. ii. 192, Nj. 27: grið-fastr, home-bound, of a servant: the phrase, e-t er fast fyrir, a thing is hard to win, difficult, Lv. 94, Fms. xi. 32, Ld. 154.β. fast, close; f. í verkum, hard at work, Grág. i. 135 (Ed. 1853); þeir menn allir er í dómi sitja eðr í gögnum eru fastir, engaged, 488; fastr ok fégjarn, close and covetous, Fms. x. 420; f. af drykk, Sturl. iii. 125.γ. of a meeting; þá er sóknar-þing er fast, i. e. during the session, Grág. i. 422: sam-fastr, fast together, continuous, 156; á-fastr, q. v.δ. firm; metaph., fast heit, loforð, etc., a fast, faithful promise, word, Eg. 29; föst trú, fast faith, cp. stað-f., steadfast; geð-f., trú-f., vin-f., etc.ε. bound to pay; at aurum eigi meirum en hann var fastr, to the amount of his debt, N. G. L. i. 36.ζ. gramm., fast atkvæði, a hard syllable ending in a double consonant, Skálda 171.2. neut. in various phrases; sitja fast, to sit fast, Sks. 372; standa fast, to stand fast, Edda 33; halda f., to hold fast, Fms. i. 159; binda fast, to bind fast, Ísl. ii. 103, Fas. i. 530; liggja fast, to be fast set, steadfast, of the eyes, Sturl. ii. 189; drekka fast, to drink hard, Fms. ii. 259; sofa fast, to be fast asleep, i. 9; þegja fast, to be dumb, not say a word, 655 xxxi A. 4; leita fast eptir, to urge, press hard, Ld. 322; fylgja fast, to follow fast, Dropl. 26, Fas. ii. 505; eldask fast, to age fast, Eb. 150; ryðjask um fast, to make a hard onslaught, Nj. 9; leggja fast at, to close with one in a sea-fight, Fms. ii. 312, hence fastr bardagi, a close engagement, Róm. 272; telja fast á e-n, to give one a severe lesson, Fms. ii. 119.β. as adv., hyrndr fast, very much horned, Lv. 69.γ. the phrase, til fasta, fast, firmly; ráða, mæla, heita til f., to make a firm agreement, Bjarn. 61, Band. 20, Fms. ii. 125; cp. the mod. phrase, fyrir fullt ok fast, definitively.2.n. the prey of a bear which he drags into his lair; cp. Ivar Aasen s. v. fastra, of a bear, to drag a carcase into his lair (Norse); hence the phrase, liggja á fasti, of a wild beast devouring its prey, Landn. 235 (of a white bear). Icel. now say, liggja á pasti, and in metaph. sense pastr, vigour, energy; pastrs-lauss, weak, feeble, etc. -
17 FÓLK
* * *n.1) folk, people;3) kinsfolk;4) host;5) battle (poet.).* * *n., prop. folk with a short vowel, cp. fylki; [A. S. folc; Engl. folk; Germ. volk: Dan. and Swed. folk]:—folk, people: skjótt fjölgaðisk fólkit, Grett. 88:— people indefinitely, til at hræða fólk, to frighten folk, Bs. i. 764: curiously Icel. say, kvenn-fólk (as in Engl.). woman-folk; but karl-fólk never, only karl-menn.2. in Icel. chiefly the people of a household, community, or the like; kirkju-fólk, the church-folk, i. e. people assembled in church; boðs-fólk, the guests at a banquet; sóknar-fólk, the parish folk; heimilis-fólk, house-folk, the people of a household; allt fólkið á bænum, all the folk; vinnu-fólk, servant-folk; grasa-fólk, people gathering fell-moss; meðal annars fólksins, Nj. 66, v. l.; Njáll gékk inn ok mælti víð fólkit, 200; mik ok fólk mitt skortir aldri mat, Band. 13; hott, hott og hæt hér sé Guð í bæ, sælt fólkið allt, Stef. Ól.; fæddi varla búféit fólkit, Ísl. ii. 68; var eigi fólk upp staðit, Hrafn. 20; this sense is to the present day very common in Icel.; while the Germ. sense of people, nation (Dan. folket) is strange to Icel.; even lands-fólk is rare, better lands-menn.3. kinsfolk; hans fólk ok foreldismenn, his ‘folk’ and forefathers, Stj. 139; allt yðart f., Karl. 328: so Icel. say, vera af góðu fólki kominn, to come of good folk, be well born.II. a host = fylking, and hence battle, but only in old poets, cp. Edda 108; fjórtán fólk, fourteen divisions, troops, Hkv. 1. 49; ok í fólk um skaut, Vsp. 28; ef ek sék flein í fólki vaða, Hm. 151; þótt í fólk komi, 159; í fólk, in battle, Ýt. 10; fara með fólkum, to wage war, Gm. 48; öndvert fólk, the van of the host, Fas. i. 46 (in a verse); and in many compds: adj. a valiant man ii called fólk-bráðr, -djarfr, -eflandi, -glaðr, -harðr, -prúðr, -rakkr, -reifr, -skár, -snarr, -sterkr, -þorinn, etc.: weapons, folk-hamla, -naðra, -skíð, -svell, -vápn, -vöndr: armour, fólk-tjald, -veggr: a warrior, fólk-baldr, -mýgir, -nárungar, -rögnir, -stjóri, -stuðill, -stýrir, -valdr, -vörðr: the battle, fólk-roð, -víg, Vsp. 28: in prose rarely, and only in poët. phrases, fólk-bardagi, a, m. a great battle, battle of hosts; and fólk-orrusta, f. id., Flov. 40, Orkn. 94; fólk-land, n. = fylki, Hkr. i. 209, paraphrase from the Vellekla; fólk-vápn, n. pl. (vide above), weapons, N. G. L. i. 101: metaph., Fms. iii. 167. -
18 GESTR
(-s, -ir), m.1) guest;* * *m., gen. gests; pl. gestir, acc. gesti; [Ulf. gasts = ξένος; A. S. gest; Engl. guest; Germ. gast; Dan. gjæst; Swed. gäst; Lat. hostis]:I. a guest; the original meaning of this word is a stranger, alien, cp. Lat. hostis.β. the Guests, one division of the king’s men; the Guests were a kind of policemen, and had not the full privileges of the king’s guardsmen or hirðmenn, although they were in the king’s pay; they had their own seats in the king’s hall, the guests’ bench, gesta-bekkr, m., Fb. i. 347; their own chief, gesta-höfðingi, a, m., Nj. 7, Hkr. ii. 69, Fms. vii. 35; their own banner, gesta-merki, n., Fms. ix. 489; their own meeting, gesta-stefna, u, f., Fms. viii. 250; they formed a separate body, gesta-sveit, f., Fas. i. 318; skulu þar fylgja hirðmenn ok gestir, Ó. H. 204, in the battle at Stiklastað: a guests’ hall, gesta-skáli, a, m., is mentioned in Eg. 28, Fas. ii. 93: a ship, gesta-skip ( gesta-fley), n., Fms. viii. 139; cp. the Sagas passim, esp. the Konunga Sögur, Fms. x. 147, Hkr. passim, but esp. N. G. L. in the section Hirðs-skrá, or the law ( rules) for the king’s men, and Sks. 257 sqq. As the gestir were lower in rank than the hirðmenn, a recruit had often to serve his apprenticeship among them, e. g. var hann í gestasæti, he was seated among the guests, i. e. was held in small repute, Fas. i. 51.II. a stranger, guest, Lat. hospes, but keeping the old notion of a stranger, prop. an accidental guest, chance comer, and is distinguished from boðs-maðr, an invited guest, or the like; hence the allit. phrase, gestr ok gangandi, a guest and ganger, since with the ancients the poor had to go from house to house (cp. gangleri); this is to be borne in mind, if one would understand old sayings such as, Guð elr gesti, God feeds guests, Bs. i. 247; or many passages in the old heathen poem Hávamál, e. g. órir gestr við gest, guest quarrels with guest, Hm. 31; gestr at gest hæðinn, guest mocking guest, 30, which reminds one of Hom. Od. xviii. 1–33; gest þú né geyja né á grind hrekir (scoff not at a guest, nor drive him to the door), get þú váluðum vel, Hm. 136, where gestr ( a guest) and válaðr ( a vagrant) are used synonymously; ganga skal, skala gestr vera æ í einum stað, 34. In olden times there were no public hostelries, and all entertainment was (as it still is in Icel.) private bounty; a fine instance of a munificent hostess of the heathen age is recorded in Landn.,—Geirríðr sparði ekki mat við menn, ok lét göra skála sinn of þjóðbraut þvera, hón sat á stóli ok laðaði úti gesti, en borð stóð inni jafnan ok matr á, 2. 13. After the introduction of Christianity, when churches were built and endowments given, the donors often imposed the duty of ‘feeding guest and ganger for a night’ (ala gest ok ganganda), Dipl. i. 169, 174; or, þar er ekki gesta eldi skylt ( it is not required to feed guests), ala hvern at ósekju er vill, 200; ala þurfa-menn ok þá er fara skylda-erinda, 201, cp. 273 passim:—gener. a visitor, guest: gesta-eldi, n. shelter for guests, D. I. (vide above): gesta-fluga, u, f. a guest-fly, a moth, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 558: gesta-herbergi, n. a ‘guest-harbour,’ hostel, inn, Gr. καταλύμα, Luke ii. 7: gesta-hús, n. a guest-room, Sturl. i. 216, ii. 191: gesta-koma, u, f., gesta-nauð, n. a coming, crowding of guests: gesta-maðr, m. a guest-man (bishops had a special servant so called), Bs. i. 850, 876: gesta-rúm, n. a guest-bed: gesta-skáli, a, m. a guest-chamber, Hom. 36: gesta-spjót, n. pl., a cat is said to raise the ‘guest-spears’ when it lies on its back and cleans itself with its hind legs, which is a token that a stranger is at hand, Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 558.III. as pr. names, Landn., freq.; also in compds, Þor-gestr, Heim-gestr, Goð-gestr, Hleva-gastir on the Golden horn (Bugge’s reading), and Gr. Ξενο-φών, Ξενο-φάνης. Gestr is a name of Odin = the Traveller, Edda, Vþm., Gm., Hervar. S. ch. 15 (Gestum-blindi). It is curious to notice that whereas with the Romans hostis came to mean a foe, with the Teutons (as with the Gr. ξένος) the equivalent word became a term of friendship, used of a friend staying at one’s house. -
19 Gilli
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20 griðka
f. housemaid, female servant.* * *u, f. = griðkona, Grett. 148 A.
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