serva

* * *

serva, ae, f., s. servus.

, ae f

  рабыня

• Save me and I will save you. (Petronius Arbiter)

—

• Keep the faith

ENG black antbird

servus, a, um, adj. [referred by the ancients to servo:

servi ex eo appellati sunt, quod imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent,

Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; but prob. from root svar-; Lith. svaras, a weight; cf. Gr. herma; O. H. Germ. swari, burdensome; Germ. schwer, heavy; cf. also serius], slavish, servile, subject.

In gen.

With homo (= 2. servus;

mostly ante-class.): non decet superbum esse hominem servom,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.—

With other subjects (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

octo milia liberorum servorumque capitum sunt capta,

Liv. 29, 29:

corpori, quod servum fortuna erat, vim fecit,

id. 38, 24:

Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae),

id. 34, 58:

civitas,

id. 25, 31:

Lacedaemon,

id. 34, 41:

serva manus,

Ov. F. 6, 558:

o imitatores, servum pecus!

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19:

serva aqua, i. e. servorum,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71:

servam operam, linguam liberam herus me jussit habere,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9:

omnia non serva et maxime regna hostilia ducunt (Romani),

Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch:

reges serva omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint,

Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera quicquid peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.—

Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., liable to certain burdens, subject to a servitude:

libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt quam serva,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

fundus,

Dig. 8, 6, 6:

aedes,

ib. 8, 2, 35:

area,

ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. servio, II. B., and servitus, II B.—Hence,

servus ( - ŏs), i, m., and serva, ae, f., a slave, servant, serf, serving-man; a female slave, maid-servant.

Masc. (syn.: famulus, mancipium), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.:

Ulixes domi etiam contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113:

servus armiger,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39:

dotalis,

id. As. 1, 1, 72:

frugi,

id. Aul. 4, 1, 1:

graphicus et quantivis pretii,

id. Ep. 3, 3, 29:

nequam et malus,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 70:

scelestus, infidelis,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 126:

peculiosus,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 24:

peculiaris,

id. Capt. prol. 20:

fallax,

Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17:

servus a pedibus,

Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1:

a manu,

Suet. Caes. 74:

aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum,

Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, public slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: quot servi, tot hostes, Sinn. Capito ap. Fest. s. v. quot, p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med. —Esp.: poenae servus, a slave of punishment, i. e. condemned to servile labor, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—

Trop.:

vidit enim eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:

neque tam servi illi dominorum, quam tu libidinum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

112: omnium libidinum servi,

Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1:

adulescens libertorum suorum libertus servorumque servus,

Vell. 2, 73, 1:

servus potestatis,

Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf.

also the doubtful reading: legum omnes servi sumus ut liberi esse possimus,

id. Clu. 53, 146 (where B. and K. have omnes servimus).—

Fem. (mostly anteclass. for ancilla):

servae sint istae an liberae,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62:

ego serva sum,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31:

serva nata,

id. Rud. 1, 3, 37:

servum servaque natum regnum occupasse,

Liv. 1, 47 fin.:

serva Briseis,

Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.

servus, a, um, adj. [referred by the ancients to servo:

servi ex eo appellati sunt, quod imperatores servos vendere, ac per hoc servare, nec occidere solent,

Just. Inst. 1, 3, 3; but prob. from root svar-; Lith. svaras, a weight; cf. Gr. herma; O. H. Germ. swari, burdensome; Germ. schwer, heavy; cf. also serius], slavish, servile, subject.

In gen.

With homo (= 2. servus;

mostly ante-class.): non decet superbum esse hominem servom,

Plaut. As. 2, 4, 64; id. Mil. 2, 6, 80; id. Stich. 1, 2, 1; 5, 4, 10; id. Ep. 1, 1, 58; 3, 1, 7; Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 62.—

With other subjects (not freq. till after the Aug. per.):

octo milia liberorum servorumque capitum sunt capta,

Liv. 29, 29:

corpori, quod servum fortuna erat, vim fecit,

id. 38, 24:

Graeciae urbes servae et vectigales (opp. liberae),

id. 34, 58:

civitas,

id. 25, 31:

Lacedaemon,

id. 34, 41:

serva manus,

Ov. F. 6, 558:

o imitatores, servum pecus!

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 19:

serva aqua, i. e. servorum,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 26; cf. Petr. 71:

servam operam, linguam liberam herus me jussit habere,

Plaut. Pers. 2, 4, 9:

omnia non serva et maxime regna hostilia ducunt (Romani),

Sall. H. 4, 61, 17 Dietsch:

reges serva omnia et subjecta imperio suo esse velint,

Liv. 37, 54; 42, 46: statu libera quicquid peperit, hoc servum heredis est, Dig. 40, 7, 16.—

Jurid. t. t., of buildings, lands, etc., liable to certain burdens, subject to a servitude:

libera (praedia) meliore jure sunt quam serva,

Cic. Agr. 3, 2, 9:

fundus,

Dig. 8, 6, 6:

aedes,

ib. 8, 2, 35:

area,

ib. 8, 2, 34 al.; cf. servio, II. B., and servitus, II B.—Hence,

servus ( - ŏs), i, m., and serva, ae, f., a slave, servant, serf, serving-man; a female slave, maid-servant.

Masc. (syn.: famulus, mancipium), Enn. ap. Non. 471, 19 (Com. v. 5 Vahl.); Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17: servi, ancillae, id. ap. Fest. s. v. prohibere, p. 234 Müll.; cf.:

Ulixes domi etiam contumelias servorum ancillarumque pertulit,

Cic. Off. 1, 31, 113:

servus armiger,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 39:

dotalis,

id. As. 1, 1, 72:

frugi,

id. Aul. 4, 1, 1:

graphicus et quantivis pretii,

id. Ep. 3, 3, 29:

nequam et malus,

id. Poen. 5, 2, 70:

scelestus, infidelis,

id. Trin. 2, 4, 126:

peculiosus,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 24:

peculiaris,

id. Capt. prol. 20:

fallax,

Ov. Am. 1, 15, 17:

servus a pedibus,

Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1:

a manu,

Suet. Caes. 74:

aliquem servum sibi habere ad manum,

Cic. de Or. 3, 60, 225: publici, public slaves, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100; Varr. ap. Gell. 13, 13, 4; Cic. Phil. 8, 8, 24; Liv. 9, 29 fin. et saep.; cf. Dig. 1, 5, 5.—Prov.: quot servi, tot hostes, Sinn. Capito ap. Fest. s. v. quot, p. 261 Müll.; cf. Sen. Ep. 47, 3; Macr. S. 1, 11 med. —Esp.: poenae servus, a slave of punishment, i. e. condemned to servile labor, Just. Inst. 1, 12, 3; Dig. 48, 19, 17.—

Trop.:

vidit enim eos, qui se judiciorum dominos dici volebant, harum cupiditatum esse servos,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:

neque tam servi illi dominorum, quam tu libidinum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 50, §

112: omnium libidinum servi,

Plin. Ep. 8, 22, 1:

adulescens libertorum suorum libertus servorumque servus,

Vell. 2, 73, 1:

servus potestatis,

Cic. Cael. 32, 79; cf.

also the doubtful reading: legum omnes servi sumus ut liberi esse possimus,

id. Clu. 53, 146 (where B. and K. have omnes servimus).—

Fem. (mostly anteclass. for ancilla):

servae sint istae an liberae,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 62:

ego serva sum,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 99; id. Pers. 4, 4, 63; id. Poen. 5, 4, 31:

serva nata,

id. Rud. 1, 3, 37:

servum servaque natum regnum occupasse,

Liv. 1, 47 fin.:

serva Briseis,

Hor. C. 2, 4, 3 et saep.

servus (altlat. servos), ī, m. u. serva, ae, f. (servo; eigentl. der Hüter, Wächter des Viehes), der Sklave, die Sklavin (Ggstz. liber, der Freie), a) m., Cic. u.a.: servi publici, Staatssklaven, Cic.: servi fratres, Apul. met. 10, 13: feci ex servo ut esses libertus mihi, Ter. – übtr., servi cupiditatum, Cic.: legum, Cic.: servus potestatis vestrae, Cic.: servi ventris vos estis, Iul. Val. 3, 16 ed. Paris. – b) f., Plaut., Liv. u.a.: facta e serva libera est, Plaut. – Dav. adi. servus, a, um, sklavisch, übtr., dienstbar, unterworfen, a) im allg.: aqua, von Sklaven getrunken, Ov.: manus, Ov.: civitas, Liv.: capita, Liv.: imitatorum servum pecus, Hor.: omnia non serva (alles Nichtdienstbare) hostilia ducere, Sall. fr. – b) als jurist. t. t., v. Häusern u. liegenden Gründen, mit einer Servitut beschwert, praedia serva, Cic.: aedes, fundus, ICt.

1) служилый, подневольный ( personae Dig); находящийся в полном подчинении, зависимый, подвластный ( civitas L); рабский, невольничий

2) юр. обременённый повинностями ( praedium C)

а) раб, невольник Pl, Ter, C etc.

б) перен. слуга ( cupiditatum C)

servo, āvī, ātum, āre (avestisch haurvaiti aus *sarvati, hat acht, schützt), I) erretten, erhalten, unversehrt bewahren, 1) im allg.: a) m. konkr. Objj. (Ggstz. perdere): navem ex hieme, Nep.: Capitolium a Gallis, Claud. Quadr. bei Gell.: curvam falcem, bewahren (poet. = halten), Verg.: populum, Cic.: alqm ex iudicio, Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., se integros castosque, Cic.: urbem et cives integros incolumesque, Cic.: corpora vestra coniugum ac liberorum vestrorum inviolata, garantiert, Liv. – b) m. abstr. Objj., etwas beobachten, in acht nehmen, halten, aufrecht erhalten, nicht verletzen, wider etw. nicht handeln, ordinem, Reih' u. Glied halten, Liv.: u. so ordines, Caes. u.a.: vigilias, custodias, Wache halten, Liv.: concentum (v. den Saiten), Cic.: amicitiam, Cic.: legem, Cic.: morem, Mela u. Quint.: morem ab antiquis traditum, Hor.: ius, Cic.: iura indutiarum Caes.: pacem cum alqo, Cic.: promissa, Cic.: iusiurandum, Nep.: diem, den Tag beobachten, abwarten, Liv.: consuetudinem, Cic.: fidem, Wort halten, Cic.: fidem erga alqm, Tac.: fidem iurisiurandi cum hoste, das beschworene Versprechen dem Feinde halten, Cic. – m. dopp. Acc., pudicitiam liberorum servare ab eorum libidine tutam, Cic. II. Verr. 1, 68. – serv. m. folg. ut od. ne u. Konj., cum ita priores decemviri servassent, ut unus fasces haberet, Liv. 3, 36, 3: impers.,

————

alibi servatur, ut nudis pedibus eant, Plin. 28, 78: servatumque in hodiernum est, ne quis e novis civibus in iis iudicaret, Plin. 33, 30. – 2) insbes., für die Zukunft usw. aufsparen, aufbewahren, vermes in melle, Plin.: vinum in vetustatem, Cato: se ad tempora, Cic.: se ad maiora, Liv.: eo (bis dahin) me servavi, Cic.: ea (necessaria vitae) firmiter conclusa servare, unter Schloß u. Riegel halten, Lact.: mit Dat. comm., vosmet rebus servate secundis, Verg.: res iudicio voluntatique alcis, Cic.: eius regni causa integra Caesari servaretur, sollte bis auf Cäsars Ausspruch unerledigt bleiben, Auct. b. Alex. – II) übtr.: A) auf etw. od. jmd. achtgeben, aufpassen, lauern, jmd. belauern, 1) im allg.: eum, Ter.: te, Plaut.: ortum caniculae, Cic.: sidera, Verg.: quantum acie oculi possent servare sequentum, soweit zu reichen vermöchte der Folgenden spähender Blick, Verg.: servare de caelo, auf den Blitz achtgeben, den Blitz beobachten (eine Pflicht der Auguren), Cic. u. Arnob.: m. folg. ne u. Konj., me omnibus servat modis, ne etc., Plaut. rud. 895: me infensus servat, ne etc., Ter. Andr. 212. – absol., aufpassen, Wache halten (s. Lorenz Plaut. most. 436), natus nemo in aedibus servat, Plaut.: solus Sannio servat domi, Ter.: intus serva, Plaut.: hanc sinas esse hic et servare apud me, Plaut.: cetera servabant atque in statione manebant, Ov.: vincere arundinibus servantia lumina temptat, Ov. – 2)

————

insbes.: a) achtgeben, Sorge tragen, sich in acht nehmen, vorbeugen, verhüten, servarent, ne qui nocturni coetus fierent, Liv.: serva! gib acht! nimm dich in acht! Hor.: ebenso em od. hem, serva! b. Plaut. u. Ter. – b) verwahren, in acht nehmen, hüten, α) übh.: alqm liberā custodiā, Cic.: volumen epistularum diligentissime, Cic.: fructus, Nep.: itinera, nicht aus den Augen lassen, Caes.: praesidia indiligentius, die Posten mit geringerer Sorgfalt besetzt halten, Caes.: dah. limen (Wohnung, Zimmer), das Zimmer oder Haus hüten, zu Hause bleiben, Verg.: so auch vestibulum servat, ist (bleibt) im Vorhofe, Verg. – β) (poet.) einen Ort gleichs. hüten = wo sich aufhalten, verweilen, einen Ort bewohnen, wo heimisch sein, silvas et flumina, Verg.: has nimbi ventique domos et naufraga servat tempestas, Val. Flacc. – B) retten, a) = erhalten, bekommen, cum populus suum servaret, Cic. ep. 5, 20, 5: haec una ratio a rege proposita Postumo servandae pecuniae, Cic. Rab. Post. 28: u. so Cic. ad Q. fr. 3, 1, 3. Suet. Claud. 16, 2. – alqd ab alqo, ICt. – b) ersetzt-, erstattet bekommen, sumptus in rem factos, ICt.: quod praestiterit quis, ICt. – ⇒ Archaist. Fut. exact. servasso, Plaut. most. 228: servassis, Formul. vet. bei Cato r. r. 141, 3: servassint, Plaut. asin. 654; trin. 384 (dazu Brix).

servo, āvi, ātum, 1 (old fut. perf. servasso, Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 71: servassis, an old formula in Cato, R. R. 141, 3:

servassit,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 76:

servassint,

id. As. 3, 3, 64; id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103), v. a. [cf. salus].

Lit.

In gen., to save, deliver, keep unharmed, preserve, protect, etc. (very freq. and class.; syn. salvo): Ph. Perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Immo servo et servatum volo, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56; cf.:

qui ceteros servavi, ut nos periremus,

Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 2:

pol me occidistis, amici, Non servastis,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 139:

aliquem ex periculo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41 fin.:

aliquem ex judicio,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131:

vita ex hostium telis servata,

id. Rep. 1, 3, 5:

urbs ex belli ore et faucibus erepta atque servata,

id. Arch. 9, 21.—With ab and abl. (mostly post - Aug. and rare):

si tamen servari a furibus possunt,

Pall. 5, 8, 7 fin.:

super omnia Capitolium summamque rem in eo solus a Gallis servaverat,

Plin. 7, 28, 29, § 103.—Mars pater, te precor, pastores pecuaque salva servassis duisque bonam salutem mihi, etc., an old formula of prayer, Cato, R. R. 141, 3:

di te servassint semper,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 64:

di te servassint mihi,

id. Cas. 2, 5, 16; id. Ps. 1, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 1; id. Trin. 2, 2, 103:

ita me servet Juppiter,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 24:

serva, quod in te est, filium et me et familiam,

id. Heaut. 4, 8, 4: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratiā. Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.):

invitum qui servat idem facit occidenti,

Hor. A. P. 467:

Graeciae portus per se (i. e. Themistoclem) servatos,

Cic. Rep. 1, 3, 5: [p. 1684] servare rem publicam, id. Sest. 22, 49:

quoniam me unā vobiscum servare non possum, vestrae quidem certe vitae prospiciam, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 7, 50:

impedimenta cohortesque,

id. B. C. 1, 70:

urbem insulamque Caesari,

id. ib. 2, 20:

sua,

Cato, R. R. 5, 1:

rem suam,

Hor. A. P. 329:

servabit odorem Testa,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 69:

Sabinus Vitisator, curvam servans sub imagine falcem,

keeping, retaining, Verg. A. 7, 179 et saep.:

urbem et cives integros incolumesque,

Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 25:

pudicitiam liberorum ab eorum libidine tutam,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 27, § 68:

se integros castosque,

id. Tusc. 1, 30, 72: omnia mihi integra, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1.— Poet. with inf.:

infecta sanguine tela Conjugibus servant parvisque ostendere natis,

Stat. Th. 9, 188.— Absol.: So. Perii, pugnos ponderat. Me. Quid si ego illum tractim tangam ut dormiat? So. Servaveris:

Nam continuas has tres noctes pervigilavi,

you would save me, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 157.—

With abl. or ab or ex and abl. of the danger or evil:

si respublica populi Romani Quiritium ad quinquennium proximum salva servata erit hisce duellis, datum donum duit, etc., an ancient votive formula,

Liv. 22, 10, 2:

Q. SERVILIVS VVLNERE SERVATVS,

Inscr. Grut. 48, 5:

omnes quattuor amissis servatae a peste carinae,

Verg. A. 5, 699.—Usu. with ex:

quo ex judicio te ulla salus servare posset,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 57, § 131:

urbs ex omni impetu regio servata,

id. Arch. 9, 21:

ex eo periculo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 41:

navem ex hieme marique,

Nep. Att. 10, 6.—

With abstract objects: navorum imperium servare est induperantum, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 169 Müll. (Trag. v. 413 Vahl.):

imperium probe,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 4, 7:

ordines,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26; id. B. C. 1, 44; 2, 41; cf. id. B. G. 7, 23:

ordinem laboris quietisque,

Liv. 26, 51:

praesidia indiligentius,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

vigilias,

Liv. 34, 9:

custodias neglegenter,

id. 33, 4:

discrimina rerum,

id. 5, 46:

concentum (fides),

Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75:

cursus,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 22; id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68:

intervallum,

Caes. B. G. 7, 23:

tenorem pugnae,

Liv. 30, 18:

modum,

Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 180 et saep.:

fidem,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 63:

fidem cum aliquo,

id. Curc. 1, 2, 49; id. Merc. 3, 1, 33; Ter. And. 1, 5, 45:

fides juris jurandi saepe cum hoste servanda,

Cic. Off. 3, 29, 107; cf.:

fidem de numero dierum,

Caes. B. G. 6, 36:

promissum,

Plaut. Am. 5, 3, 1:

promissa,

Cic. Off. 1, 10, 23:

officia,

id. ib. 1, 11, 33:

justitiam,

id. ib. 1, 13, 41; cf.:

aequabilitatem juris,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 53:

aequitatem,

id. Off. 1, 19, 64:

jura induciarum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 85:

institutum militare,

id. ib. 3, 75; cf. id. ib. 3, 84;

3, 89: rectum animi, Hor S. 2, 3, 201: consulta patrum, leges juraque,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 41;

legem,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 2:

consuetudinem,

id. Clu. 32, 89:

illud quod deceat,

id. Off. 1, 28, 97:

dignitatem,

id. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

fidem cum aliquo,

id. Phil. 7, 8, 22:

amicitiam summā fide,

id. Lael. 7, 25:

Platonis verecundiam,

id. Fam. 9, 22, 5:

aequam mentem,

Hor. C. 2, 3, 2:

nati amorem,

Verg. A. 2, 789:

conubia alicujus,

id. ib. 3, 319:

foedera,

Ov. F. 2, 159.—

In partic., to keep, lay up, preserve, reserve for the future or for some purpose (syn. reservare):

si voles servare (vinum) in vetustatem, ad alvum movendam servato,

Cato, R. R. 114, 2; Col. 12, 28, 4:

lectum Massicum,

Hor. C. 3, 21, 6; Col. 12, 28, 4; cf.:

Caecuba centum clavibus,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 26:

lapis chernites mitior est servandis corporibus nec absumendis,

Plin. 36, 17, 28, § 132:

vermes in melle,

id. 30, 13, 39, § 115:

se temporibus aliis,

Cic. Planc. 5, 13:

eo me servavi,

id. Att. 5, 17, 1:

Valerius, in parvis rebus neglegens ultor gravem se ad majora vindicem servabat,

Liv. 2, 11, 4; 10, 28, 5.—With dat.:

placet esse quasdam res servatas judicio voluntatique multitudinis,

Cic. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

in aliquod tempus quam integerrimas vires militi servare,

Liv. 10, 28:

Jovis auribus ista (carmina) Servas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 44:

causa integra Caesari servaretur, Auct. B. Alex. 35, 1: durate et vosmet rebus servate secundis,

Verg. A. 1, 207.— Poet. with ad:

ad Herculeos servaberis arcus,

Ov. M. 12, 309.—

Transf. (from the idea of the attention being turned to any thing).

To give heed to, pay attention to; to watch, observe any thing (syn. observo).

In gen.

With acc.: uxor scelesta me omnibus servat modis, Ne, etc., Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

vestimenta sua,

id. ib. 2, 3, 52:

iter alicujus,

Caes. B. G. 5, 19:

Palinurus dum sidera servat,

Verg. A. 6, 338:

nubem locumque,

Ov. M. 5, 631:

nutricis limen servantis alumnae,

keeping watch over, guarding, id. ib. 10, 383:

pascentes haedos,

Verg. E. 5, 12:

vestibulum,

id. A. 6, 556:

servaturis vigili Capitolia voce Cederet anseribus,

Ov. M. 2, 538; cf.:

pomaria dederat servanda draconi,

id. ib. 4, 646.—

With rel.-clause or final: quid servas, quo eam, quid agam? Lucil. ap. Non. 387, 26:

tuus servus servet, Venerine eas (coronas) det, an viro,

Plaut. As. 4, 1, 60:

cum decemviri servassent, ut unus fasces haberet,

Liv. 3, 36, 3:

servandum in eo ante omnia, ut, etc.,

Plin. 17, 17, 28, § 124:

ut (triumviri) servarent, ne qui nocturni coetus fierent,

Liv. 39, 14 fin.; Col. 8, 5, 13.—

Absol., to stay, keep watch, or guard: Eu. Intus serva. Sl. Quippini Ego intus servem? an, ne quis aedes auferat? Plaut. Aul. 1, 2, 3 sq.; cf.:

nemo in aedibus Servat,

id. Most. 2, 2, 22:

solus Sannio servat domi,

Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 10; Ov. M. 1, 627.— Imper.:

serva!

take care! look out! beware! Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 29; Ter. And. 2, 5, 5; id. Ad. 2, 1, 18; Hor. S. 2, 3, 59.—

In partic., in relig. lang., to observe an omen: secundam avem servat... servat genus altivolantum, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 83 and 84 Vahl.):

de caelo servare,

Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 81; id. Div. 2, 35, 74;

so of the augurs: de caelo,

id. Vatin. 6, 15; id. Sest. 61, 129; id. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Att. 2, 16, 2; 4, 3, 3:

caelum servare,

Lucr. 5, 395:

fulgura caeli,

id. 6, 429.—

To keep to, remain in a place (i. e. to keep watch there); to dwell in, inhabit (ante-class. and poet.):

nunc te amabo, ut hanc hoc triduum solum sinas Esse hic et servare apud me,

Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 107:

tu nidum servas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 6:

atria servantem postico falle clientem,

id. ib. 1, 5, 31:

nymphae sorores, Centum quae silvas, centum quae flumina servant,

Verg. G. 4, 383:

immanem hydrum Servantem ripas,

id. ib. 4, 459:

sola domum et tantas servabat filia sedes,

id. A. 7, 52:

DOMVM SERVAVIT, LANAM FECIT,

Inscr. Orell. 3848.—

In late jurid. Lat.:

servare aliquid (pecuniam) ab aliquo,

to get, obtain, receive, Dig. 17, 1, 45 fin.; so ib. 25, 5, 2; 26, 7, 61.—Hence, * servans, antis, P.a., keeping, observant; with gen.:

Rhipeus servantissimus aequi,

Verg. A. 2, 427.

1) наблюдать, следить (s. sidĕra V; s. ortum caniculae C)

2) быть внимательным

3) сторожить, охранять (reos custodiā C; greges V; quicquid servatur, cupīmus magis O)

4) оставаться, пребывать, находиться

5) соблюдать (ordinem Cs, L etc.; vigilias L; legem C; defuncti voluntas servatur Dig); сдерживать ( promissa C)

6) сберегать, беречь, сохранять (vestigia veteris formae O; s. vinum Caecubum H; s. se ad majora L; aequam mentem s. H)

7) оберегать ( pudicitiam V); спасать, выручать ( aliquem ex periculo Cs)