saṉdhyā

1) mfn. produced by coalescence (as a syllable) Nir. ;

f. Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis L.

n. an evening meal Bhpr.

1) f. holding together, union, junction, juncture, (esp.) juncture of day andﾠ night, morning orﾠ evening twilight Br. GṛṠrS. MBh. etc.;

2) f. thinking about, reflection, meditation L.

अग्निः [अङ्गति ऊर्ध्वं गच्छति अङ्ग्-नि,नलोपश्च Uṇ.4.5., or fr. अञ्च् 'to go.']

1 Fire कोप˚, चिन्ता˚, शोक˚, ज्ञान˚, राज˚, &c.

-2 The God of fire.

-3 Sacrificial fire of three kinds (गार्हपत्य, आहवनीय and दक्षिण); पिता बै गार्हपत्यो$ ग्निर्माताग्निर्दक्षिणः स्मृतः । गुरुराहवनीयस्तु साग्नित्रेता गरीयसी ॥ Ms. 2.232.

-4 The fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid.

-5 Bile (नाभेरूर्ध्व हृदयादधस्तादामाशयमाचक्षते तद्गतं सौरं तेजः पित्तम् इत्याचक्षते).

-6 Cauterization (अग्नि- कर्मन्).

-7 Gold.

-8 The number three. शराग्निपरिमाणम् (पञ्चत्रिंशत्) Mb.13.17.26.

-9 N. of various plants: (a) चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica; (b) रक्तचित्रक; (c) भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium; (d) निम्बक Citrus Acida.

-1 A mystical substitute for the letter र्. In Dvandva comp. as first member with names of deities, and with particular words अग्नि is changed to अग्ना, as ˚विष्णू, ˚मरुतौ, or to अग्नी, ˚पर्जन्यौ, ˚ वरुणौ, ˚षोमौ

-11 पिङगला नाडी; यत्र तद् ब्रह्म निर्द्वन्द्वं यत्र सोमः, (इडा) सहाग्निना (अग्निः पिङ्गला) Mb.14.2.1.

-12 Sacrificial altar, अग्निकुण्ड cf. Rām. 1.14.28.

-13 Sky. अग्निर्मूर्धा Muṇḍ 2.1.4. [cf. L. ignis.

[Agni is the God of Fire, the Ignis of the Latins and Ogni of the Slavonians. He is one of the most prominent deities of the Ṛigveda. He, as an immortal, has taken up his abode among mortals as their guest; he is the domestic priest, the successful accomplisher and protector of all ceremonies; he is also the religious leader and preceptor of the gods, a swift messenger employed to announce to the immortals the hymns and to convey to them the oblations of their worshippers, and to bring them down from the sky to the place of sacrifice. He is sometimes regarded as the mouth and the tongue through which both gods and men participate in the sacrifices. He is the lord, protector and leader of people, monarch of men, the lord of the house, friendly to mankind, and like a father, mother, brother &c. He is represented as being produced by the attrition of two pieces of fuel which are regarded as husband and wife. Sometimes he is considered to have been brought down from heaven or generated by Indra between two clouds or stones, created by Dyau, or fashioned by the gods collectively. In some passages he is represented as having a triple existence, which may mean his three- fold manifestations as the sun in heaven, lightning in the atmosphere, and as ordinary fire on the earth, although the three appearances are also elsewhere otherwise explained. His epithets are numberless and for the most part descriptive of his physical characteristics: धूमकेतु, हुतभुज्, शुचि, रोहिताश्व, सप्तजिह्व, तोमरधर, घृतान्न, चित्रभानु, ऊर्ध्वशोचिस्, शोचिष्केश, हरिकेश, हिरण्यदन्त, अयोदंष्ट्र &c. In a celebrated passage he is said to have 4 horns, 3 feet, 2 heads, and 7 hands. The highest divine functions are ascribed to Agni. He is said to have spread out the two worlds and + produced them, to have supported heaven, formed the mundane regions and luminaries of heaven, to have begotten Mitra and caused the sun to ascend the sky. He is the head and summit of the sky, the centre of the earth. Earth, Heaven and all beings obey his commands. He knows and sees all worlds or creatures and witnesses all their actions. The worshippers of Agni prosper, they are wealthy and live long. He is the protector of that man who takes care to bring him fuel. He gives him riches and no one can overcome him who sacrifices to this god. He confers, and is the guardian of, immortality. He is like a water-trough in a desert and all blessing issue from him. He is therefore constantly supplicated for all kinds of boons, riches, food, deliverance from enemies and demons, poverty, reproach, childlessness, hunger &c. Agni is also associated with Indra in different hymns and the two gods are said to be twin brothers.

Such is the Vedic conception of Agni; but in the course of mythological personifications he appears as the eldest son of Brahmā and is called Abhimānī [Viṣṇu Purāṇa]. His wife was Svāhā; by her, he had 3 sons - Pāvaka, Pavamāna and Śuchi; and these had forty-five sons; altogether 49 persons who are considered identical with the 49 fires. He is also represented as a son of Aṅgiras, as a king of the Pitṛs or Manes, as a Marut and as a grandson of Śāṇḍila, and also as a star. The Harivaṁśa describes him as clothed in black, having smoke for his standard and head-piece and carrying a flaming javelin. He is borne in a chariot drawn by red horses and the 7 winds are the wheels of his car. He is accompanied by a ram and sometimes he is represented as riding on that animal. Agni was appointed by Brahamā as the sovereign of the quarter between the south and east, whence the direction is still known as Āgneyī. The Mahābhārata represents Agni as having exhausted his vigour and become dull by devouring many oblations at the several sacrifices made by king Śvetaki, but he recruited his strength by devouring the whole Khāṇḍava forest; for the story see the word खाण्डव].

-Comp. -अ (आ) गारम् -रः, -आलयः, -गृहम् [अग्निकार्याय अगारम् शाक˚ त.] a fire- sanctuary, house or place for keeping the sacred fire; वसंश्चतुर्थो$ग्निरिवाग्न्यगारे R.5.25. रथाग्न्यगारं चापार्चीं शरशक्तिगदे- न्धनम् Mb.11.25.14.

-अस्त्रम् fire-missile, a rocket,

-आत्मक a. [अग्निरात्मा यस्य] of the nature of fire सोमा- त्मिका स्त्री, ˚कः पुमान्.

-आधानम् consecrating the fire; so ˚आहिति.

-आधेयः [अग्निराधेयो येन] a Brāhmana who maintains the sacred fire. (

-यम्) =

˚आधानम्. -आहितः [अग्निराहितो येन, वा परनिपातः P.II.2.37.] one who maintains the sacred fire; See आहिताग्नि.

-इध् m. (अग्नीध्रः) [अग्निम् इन्द्धे स अग्नीध्] the priest who kindles fire (mostly Ved).

-इन्धनः [अग्निरिध्यते अनेन] N. of a Mantra. (नम्) kindling the fire; अग्नीन्धनं भैक्षचर्याम् Ms.2.18.

-उत्पातः [अग्निना दिव्यानलेन कृतः उत्पातः] a fiery portent, meteor, comet &c. In Bṛ. S.33 it is said to be of five kinds: दिवि भुक्तशुभफलानां पततां रूपाणि यानि तान्युल्काः । धिष्ण्योल्का- शनिविद्युत्तारा इति पञ्चधा भिन्नाः ॥ उल्का पक्षेण फलं तद्वत् धिष्ण्याशनिस्त्रिभिः पक्षैः । विद्युदहोभिः ष़ड्भिस्तद्वत्तारा विपाचयति ॥ Different fruits are said to result from the appearances of these portents, according to the nature of their colour, position &c.

-उद्धरणम्, -उद्धारः 1 producing fire by the friction of two araṇis.

-2 taking out, before sun-rise, the sacred fire from its cover of ashes previous to a sacrifice.

-उपस्थानम् worship of Agni; the Mantra or hymn with which Agni is worshipped (अग्निरुपस्थीयते$नेन) अग्निस्त्रिष्टुभ् उपस्थाने विनियोगः Sandhyā.

-एधः [अग्निमेधयति] an incendiary.

-कणः; -स्तोकः a spark.

-कर्मन् n. [अग्नौ कर्म स. त.]

1 cauterization.

-2 action of fire.

-3 oblation to Agni, worship of Agni (अग्निहोत्र); so ˚कार्य offering oblations to fire, feeding fire with ghee &c.; निर्वर्तिताग्निकार्यः K.16.; ˚र्यार्धदग्ध 39, Ms.3.69, अग्निकार्यं ततः कुर्यात्सन्ध्ययोरुभयोरपि । Y.1.25.

-कला a part (or appearance) of fire; ten varieties are mentioned धूम्रार्चिरुष्मा ज्वलिनी ज्वालिनी विस्फु- लिङ्गिनी । सुश्री: सुरूपा कपिला हव्यकव्यवहे अपि ॥ यादीनां दश- वर्णानां कला धर्मप्रदा अमूः ।).

-कारिका [अग्निं करोति आधत्ते करणे कर्तृत्वोपचारात् कर्तरि ण्वुल्]

1 the means of consecrating the sacred fire, the Ṛik called अग्नीध्र which begins with अग्निं दूतं पुरो दधे. 2. = अग्निकार्यम्.

-काष्ठम् अग्नेः उद्दीपनं काष्ठं शाक ˚त.] agallochum (अगुरु)

-कुक्कुटः [अग्नेः कुक्कुट इव रक्तवर्णस्फुलिङ्गत्वात्] a firebrand, lighted wisp of straw.

-कुण्डम [अग्नेराधानार्थं कुण्डम्] an enclosed space for keeping the fire, a fire-vessel.

-कुमारः, -तनयः; सुतः 1 N. of Kārttikeya said to be born from fire; Rām.7. See कार्त्तिकेय.

-2 a kind of preparation of medicinal drugs.

-कृतः Cashew-nut; the plant Anacardium occidentale. [Mar.काजू]

-केतुः [अग्नेः केतुरिव]

1 smoke.

-2 N. of two Rākṣasas on the side of Rāvaṇa and killed by Rāma.

-कोणः -दिक् the south-east corner ruled over by Agni; इन्द्रो वह्निः पितृपतिर्नौर्ऋतो वरुणो मरुत् । कुबेर ईशः पतयः पूर्वादीनां दिशां क्रमात् ॥

-क्रिया [अग्निना निर्वर्तिता क्रिया, शाक. त.]

1 obsequies, funeral ceremonies.

-2 branding; भेषजाग्निक्रियासु च Y.3.284.

-क्रीडा [तृ. त.] fire-works, illuminations.

-गर्भ a. [अग्निर्गर्भे यस्य] pregnant with or containing fire, having fire in the interior; ˚र्भां शमीमिव Ś 4.3. (

--र्भः) [अग्निरिव जारको गर्भो यस्य]

1 N. of the plant Agnijāra.

-2 the sun stone, name of a crystal supposed to contain and give out fire when touched by the rays of the sun; cf Ś2.7.

-3 the sacrificial stick अरणि which when churned, gives out fire.

(-र्भा) 1 N. of the Śamī plant as containing fire (the story of how Agni was discovered to exist in the interior of the Śamī plant is told in chap. 35 of अनु- शासनपर्व in Mb.)

-2 N. of the earth (अग्नेः सकाशात् गर्भो यस्यां सा; when the Ganges threw the semen of Śiva out on the Meru mountain, whatever on earth &c. was irradiated by its lustre, became gold and the earth was thence called वसुमती)

-3 N. of the plant महा- ज्योतिष्मती लता (अग्निरिव गर्भो मध्यभागो यस्याः सा) [Mar. माल- कांगोणी]

-ग्रन्थः [अग्निप्रतिपादको ग्रन्थः शाक. त.] the work that treats of the worship of Agni &c.

-घृतम् [अग्न्युद्दीपनं घृतं शाक. त.] a kind of medicinal preparation of ghee used to stimulate the digestive power.

-चित् m. अग्निं चितवान्; चि-भूतार्थे क्विप् P.III.2.91] one who has kept the sacred fire; यतिभिः सार्धमनग्निमग्निचित् R.8.25; अध्वरे- ष्वग्निचित्वत्सु Bk.5.11.

-चयः, -चयनम्, -चित्या. arranging or keeping the sacred fire (अग्न्याधान); चित्याग्निचित्ये च P.III.1.132.

-2 (

-यः, -यनः) the Mantra used in this operation.

-3 a heap of fire

-चित्वत् [अग्निचयनम् अस्त्यस्मिन् मतुप्; मस्य वः । तान्तत्वान्न पद- त्वम् Tv.] having अग्निचयन or अग्निचित्.

-चूडः A bird having a red tuft.

-चर्णम् gunpowder. कार्यासमर्थः कत्यस्ति शस्त्रगोलाग्निचूर्णयुक् Śukranīti 2.93.

-ज, -जात a. produced by or from fire, born from fire.

(-जः, -जातः) 1 N. of the plant अग्निजार (अग्नये अग्न्युद्दीपनाय जायते सेवनात् प्रभवति).

1 N. of Kārttikeya पराभिनत्क्रौञ्चमिवाद्रिमग्निजः Mb.8.9. 68.3. Viṣṇu. (

-जम्, -जातम) gold; so ˚जन्मन्.

-जित् m. God; Bhāg.8.14.4.

-जिह्व a.

1 having a fiery tongue.

-2 one having fire for the tongue, epithet of a God or of Visṇu in the boar incarnation. (

-ह्वा)

1 a tongue or flame of fire.

-2 one of the 7 tongues of Agni (कराली धूमिनी श्वेता लोहिता नीललोहिता । सुवर्णा पद्मरागा च जिह्वा: सप्त विभावसोः

-3 N. of a plant लाङ्गली (अग्नेर्जिह्वेव शिखा यस्याः सा); of another plant (जलपिप्पली) or गजपिप्पली (विषलाङ्गला) (Mar. जल-गज पिंपळी)

-ज्वाला 1 the flame or glow of fire.

-2 [अग्नेर्ज्वालेव शिखा यस्याः सा] N. of a plant with red blossoms, chiefly used by dyers, Grislea Tomentosa (Mar. धायफूल, धायटी).

-तप् a. [अग्निना तप्यते; तप्-क्विप्] having the warmth of fire; practising austerities by means of fire.

-तपस् a. [अग्निभिः तप्यते]

1 practising very aus- tere penance, standing in the midst of the five fires.

-2 glowing, shining or burning like fire (तपतीति तपाः अग्निरिव तपाः) hot as fire

-तेजस् a. having the lustre or power of fire. (अग्नेरिव तेजो यस्य). (

-स् n.) the lustre of fire. (

-स् m.) N. of one of the 7 Ṛiṣis of the 11th Manvantara.

-त्रयम् the three fires, See under अग्नि.

-द a. [अग्निं दाहार्थं गृहादौ ददाति; दा. -क.]

1 giving or supplying with fire

-2 tonic, stomachic, producing appetite, stimulating digestion.

-3 incendiary; अग्निदान् भक्तदांश्चैव Ms.9.278; अग्निदानां च ये लोकाः Y.2.74; so ˚दायक, ˚दायिन्. यदग्निदायके पापं यत्पापं गुरुतल्पगे. Rām.2.75.45.

-दग्ध a.

1 burnt on the funeral pile; अग्निदग्धाश्च ये जीवा ये$प्यदग्धाः कुले मम Vāyu. P.

-2 burnt with fire.

-3 burnt at once without having fire put into the mouth, being destitute of issue (?); (pl.) a class of Manes or Pitṛis who, when alive, kept up the household flame and presented oblations to fire.

-दमनी [अग्निर्दम्यते$नया; दम्-णिच् करणे ल्युट] a narcotic plant, Solanum Jacquini. [Mar. रिंगणी]

-दातृ [अग्निं विधानेन ददाति] one who performs the last (funeral) ceremonies of a man; यश्चाग्निदाता प्रेतस्य पिण्डं दद्यात्स एव हि.

-दीपन a. [अग्निं दीपयति] stimulating digestion, stomachic, tonic.

-दीप्त a. [तृ. त्त.] glowing, set on fire, blazing (

-प्ता) [अग्निर्जठरानलो दीप्तः सेवनात् यस्याः सा] N. of a plant ज्योतिष्मती लता (Mar. मालकांगोणी), which is said to stimulate digestion.

-दीप्तिः f. active state of digestion.

-दूत a. अग्निर्दूत इव यस्मिन् यस्य वा] having Agni for a messenger, said of the sacrifice or the deity invoked; यमं ह यज्ञो गच्छत्यग्निदूतो अरंकृतः Rv.1.14.13.

-दूषितः a. branded.

-देवः [अग्नि- रेव देवः] Agni; a worshipper of Agni.

-देवा [अग्निर्देवो यस्याः] the third lunar mansion, the Pleiades (कृत्तिका).

-द्वारम् the door on the south-east of a building; पूर्व- द्वारमथैशाने चाग्निद्वारं तु दक्षिणे । Māna.9.294-95.

-धानम् [अग्निर्धियते$स्मिन्] the place or receptacle for keeping the sacred fire, the house of अग्निहोतृ; पदं कृणुते अग्निधाने Rv. 1.165.3.

-धारणम् maintaining the sacred fire; व्रतिनां ˚णम् K. 55.

-नयनम् = ˚प्रणयनम्.

-निर्यासः [अग्नेर्ज- ठरानलस्येव दीपको निर्यासो यस्य] N. of the plant अग्निजार.

-नेत्र a. [अग्निर्नेता यस्य] having Agni for the leader or conveyer of oblations, an epithet of a god in general.

-पदम् 1 the word Agni.

-2 fire-place.

-3 N. of a plant.

-परिक्रि-ष्क्रि-या care of the sacred fire, worship of fire, offering oblations; गृहार्थो$ग्निपरिष्क्रिया Ms.2.67.

-परिच्छदः the whole sacrificial apparatus; गृह्यं चाग्निपरिच्छदम् Ms.6. 4.

-परिधानम् enclosing the sacrificial fire with a kind of screen.

-परीक्षा [तृ. त.] ordeal by fire.

-पर्वतः [अग्निसाधनं पर्वतः] a volcano; महता ज्वलता नित्यमग्निमेवाग्नि- पर्वतः Rām.5.35.43.

-पुच्छः [अग्नेः अग्न्याधानस्थानस्य पुच्छ इव]. tail or back part of the sacrificial place; the extinction of fire.

-पुराणम् [अग्निना प्रोक्तं पुराणम्] one of the 18 Purāṇas ascribed to Vyāsa. It derives its name from its having been communicated originally by Agni to the sage Vasiṣṭha for the purpose of instructing him in the two-fold knowledge of Brahman. Its stanzas are said to be 145. Its contents are varied. It has portions on ritual and mystic worship, cosmical descriptions, chapters on the duties of Kings and the art of war, a chapter on law, some chapters on Medicine and some treatises on Rhetoric, Prosody, Grammar, Yoga, Brahmavidyā &c. &c.

-प्रणयनम् bringing out the sacrificial fire and consecrating it according to the proper ritual.

-प्रणिधिः Incendiary. Dk.2.8.

-प्रतिष्ठा consecration of fire, especially the nuptial fire.

-प्रवेशः; -शनम [स. त.] entering the fire, self-immolation of a widow on the funeral pile of her husband.

-प्रस्कन्दनम् violation of the duties of a sacrificer (अग्निहोमाकरण); ˚परस्त्वं चाप्येवं भविष्यसि Mb.1.84.26.

-प्रस्तरः [अग्निं प्रस्तृणाति अग्नेः प्रस्तरो वा] a flint, a stone producing fire.

-बाहुः [अग्ने- र्बाहुरिव दीर्घशिखत्वात्]

1 smoke.

-2 N. of a son of the first Manu; Hariv. N. of a son of Priyavrata and Kāmyā. V. P.

-बीजम् 1 the seed of Agni; (fig.) gold (रुद्रतेजः समुद्भूतं हेमबीजं विभावसोः)

-2 N. of the letter र्.

-भम [अग्नि- रिव भाति; भा-क.]

1 'shining like fire,' gold.

-2 N. of the constellation कृत्तिका.

-भु n. [अग्नेर्भवति; भू-क्विप् ह्रस्वान्तः]

1 water.

-2 gold.

-भू a. [अग्नेर्भवतिः भू-क्विप्] produced from fire.

(भूः) 1 'fire-born,' N. of Kārttikeya.

-2 N. of a teacher (काश्यप) who was taught by Agni.

-3 (arith.) six.

-भूति a. produced from fire. (

-तिः) [अग्निरिव भूतिरैश्वर्यं यस्य] N. of a pupil of the last Tīrthaṅkara. (

-तिः) f. the lustre or might of fire.

-भ्राजस् a. Ved. [अग्निरिव भ्राजते; भ्राज्-असुन्] shining like fire. अग्निभ्राजसो विद्युतः Ṛv.5.54.11.

-मणिः [अग्नेरुत्थापको मणिः शाक. त.] the sunstone.

-मथ् m. [अग्निं मथ्नाति निष्पादयति; मन्थ्-क्विप्- नलोपः]

1 the sacrificer who churns the fuel-stick.

-2 the Mantra used in this operation, on the अरणि itself.

-मन्थः, -न्थनम्, producing fire by friction; or the Mantra used in this operation. (

-न्थः) [अग्निर्मथ्यते अनेन मन्थ्-करणे घञ्] N. of a tree गणिकारिका (Mar. नरवेल) Premna Spinosa (तत्काष्ठयोर्घर्षणे हि आशु वह्निरुत्पद्यते),

-मान्द्यम् slowness of digestion, loss of appetite, dyspepsia.

-मारुतिः अग्निश्च मरुच्च तयोरपत्यं इञ् ततो वृद्धिः इत् च; द्विपदवृद्धौ पृषो. पूर्वपदस्य ह्रस्वः Tv.] N. of the sage Agastya.

-मित्रः N. of a king of the Śunga dynasty, son of Puṣypamitra who must have flourished before 15 B. C. -the usually accepted date of Patañjali-as the latter mentions पुष्यमित्र by name.

-मुखः a. having Agni at the head. (

-खः) [अग्निर्मुखमिव यस्य]

1 a deity, god, (for the gods receive oblations through Agni who is, therefore, said to be their mouth; अग्निमुखा वै देवाः; अग्निर्मुखं प्रथमं देवतानाम् &c; or अग्निर्मुखे अग्रे येषाम्, for fire is said to have been created before all other gods.)

-2 [अग्निर्मुखं प्रधानमुपास्यो यस्य] one who maintains the sacred fire (अग्निहोतृद्विज)

-3 a Brāhmaṇa in general (अग्निर्दाहकत्वात् शापाग्निर्मुखे यस्य for Brāhmaṇas are said to be वाग्वज्राः).

-4 N. of two plants चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica and भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium अग्निरिव स्पर्शात् दुःखदायकं मुखमग्रम् यस्य, तन्निर्यासस्पर्शेन हि देहे क्षतोत्पत्तेस्थयोस्तथात्वम्)

-5 a sort of powder or चूर्ण prescribed as a tonic by चक्रदत्त

-6 'fire- mouthed, sharp-biting, an epithet of a bug. Pt. 1. (

-खी) अग्निरिव मुखमग्रं यस्याः; गौरादि-ङीष्]

1 N. of a plant भल्लातक (Mar. बिबवा, भिलावा) and लाङ्गलिका (विषलाङ्गला).

-2 N. of the Gāyatri Mantra (अग्निरेव मुखं मुखत्वेन कल्पितं यस्याः सा, or अग्नेरिव मुखं प्रजापतिमुखं उत्पत्ति- द्वारं यस्याः, अग्निना समं प्रजापतिमुखजातत्वात्; कदाचिदपि नो विद्वान् गायत्रीमुदके जपेत् । गायत्र्याग्निमुखी यस्मात्तस्मादुत्थाय तां जपेत् ॥ गोभिल).

-3 a kitchen [पाकशाला अग्निरिव उत्तप्तं मुखं यस्याः सा].

-मूढ a. [तृ. त.] Ved. made insane or stupefied by lightning or fire.

-यन्त्रम् A gun अग्नियन्त्रधरैश्चक्रधरैश्च पुरुषैर्वृतः Śivabhārata 12.17.

-यानम् An aeroplane. व्योमयानं विमानं स्यात् अग्नियानं तदेव हि । अगस्त्यसंहिता.

-योगः See पञ्चाग्निसाधन. अग्नियोगवहो ग्रीष्मे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा । चीर्त्वा द्वादशवर्षाणि राजा भवति पार्थिवः ॥ Mb.13.14,2.43.

-योजनम् causing the sacrificial fire to blaze up.

-रक्षणम् 1 con- secrating or preserving the sacred (domestic) fire or अग्निहोत्र.

-2 [अग्निः रक्ष्यते अनेन अत्र वा] a Mantra securing for Agni protection from evil spirits &c.

-3 the house of an अग्निहोतृ.

-रजः, -रजस् m. [अग्निरिव रज्यते दीप्यते; रञ्ज्-असुन् नलोपः]

1 a scarlet insect by name इन्द्रगोप.

-2 (अग्नेः रजः) the might or power of Agni.

-3 gold. Mb.3. 16.86.7

-रहस्यम् mystery of (worshipping &c.) Agni; N. of the tenth book of Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa.

-राशिः a heap of fire, burning pile.

-रुहा [अग्निरिव रोहति रुह्-क] N. of the plant मांसादनी or मांसरोहिणी (तदङ्कुरस्य वह्नितुल्य- वर्णतया उत्पन्नत्वात्तथात्वं तस्याः).

-रूप a. [अग्नेरिव रूपं वर्णो यस्य] fire-shaped; of the nature of fire.

-रूपम् the nature of fire.

-रेतस् n. the seed of Agni; (hence) gold.

-रोहिणी [अग्निरिव रोहति; रुह्-णिनि] a hard inflammatory swelling in the armpit.

-लोकः the world a Agni, which is situated below the summit of Meru; in the Purāṇas it is said to be in the अन्तरिक्ष, while in the Kāśī Khaṇḍa it is said to be to the south of इन्द्रपुरी; एतस्या दक्षिणे भागे येयं पूर्दृश्यते शुभा । इमामर्चिष्मतीं पश्य वीतिहोत्रपुरीं शुभाम् ॥

-वधूः Svāhā, the daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Agni

-वर्चस् a. [अग्नेर्वर्च इव वर्चो यस्य] glowing or bright like fire. (n.) the lustre of Agni. (-m.) N. of a teacher of the Purāṇas.

-वर्ण a. [अग्नेरिव वर्णो यस्य] of the colour of fire; hot; fiery; सुरां पीत्वा द्विजो मोहादग्निवर्णां सुरां पिबेत् Ms.11.9; गोमूत्रमग्निवर्णं वा पिबेदुदकमेव वा 91.

(र्णः) 1 N. of a prince, son of Sudarśana.

-2 N. of a King of the solar race, See R.19.1. the colour of fire. (

-र्णा) a strong liquor.

-वर्धक a. stimulating digestion, tonic.

(-कः) 1 a tonic.

-2 regimen, diet (पथ्याहार).

-वल्लभः [अग्नेर्वल्लभः सुखेन दाह्यत्वात्]

1 the Śāla tree, Shorea Robusta.

-2 the resinous juice of it.

-वासस् a. [अग्निरिव शुद्धं वासो यस्य] having a red (pure like Agni) garment. (n.) a pure garment.

-वाह a. [अग्निं वाहयति अनुमापयति वा]

1 smoke.

-2 a goat.

-वाहनम् a goat (छाग).

-विद् m.

1 one who knows the mystery about Agni.

-2 an अग्निहोत्रिन् q. v.

-विमोचनम् ceremony of lowering the sacrificial fire.

-विसर्पः pain from an inflamed tumour, inflammation.

-विहरणम्, -विहारः 1 taking the sacrificial fire from आग्नीध्र to the उत्तरवेदि.

-2 offering oblations to fire; प्रत्यासन्ना ˚वेला K.348.

-वीर्यम् 1 power or might of Agni.

-2 gold.

-वेतालः Name of Vetāla (connected with the story of Vikra- māditya).

-वेशः [अग्नेर्वेश इव] N. of an ancient medical authority (चरक).

-वेश्मन् m. the fourteenth day of the karma-ṃāsa; Sūryaprajñapti.

-वेश्यः 1 N. of a teacher, Mbh.

-2 Name of the 22nd muhūrta; Sūryapraj- ñapti. धौम्य cf. Mb 14.64.8.

-शरणम्, -शाला-लम् a fire-sanctuary; ˚मार्गमादेशय Ś.5; a house or place for keeping the sacred fire; ˚रक्षणाय स्थापितो$हम् V.3.

-शर्मन् a. [अग्निरिव शृणाति तीव्रकोपत्वात् शॄ-मनिन्] very passionate. (-m.) N. of a sage.

-शिख a. [अग्नेरिव अग्निरिव वा शिखा यस्य] fiery, fire-crested; दहतु ˚खैः सायकैः Rām.

(-खः) 1 a lamp.

-2 a rocket, fiery arrow.

-3 an arrow in general.

-4 safflower plant.

-5 saffron.

-6 जाङ्गलीवृक्ष.

(-खम्) 1 saffron.

-2 gold.

(-खा) 1 a flame; शरैरग्निशिखोपमैः Mb.

-2 N. of two plants लाङ्गली (Mar. वागचबका or कळलावी) Gloriosa Superba; of other plants (also Mar. कळलावी) Meni- spermum Cordifolium.

-शुश्रूषा careful service or worship of fire.

-शेखर a. fire-crested. (

-रः) N. of the कुसुम्भ, कुङ्कुम and जाङ्गली trees (

-रम्) gold,

-शौच a. [अग्नेरिव शौचं यस्य] bright as fire; purified by fire K.252.

-श्री a. [अग्नेरिव श्रीर्यस्य] glowing like fire; lighted by Agni

-ष्टुत्, -ष्टुभ, -ष्टोम &c. see ˚ स्तुत्, ˚स्तुभ् &c.

-ष्ठम् 1 kitchen; अग्निष्ठेष्वग्निशालासु Rām.6.1.16.

-2 a fire-pan.

-संयोगाः explosives. Kau. A.2.3.

-ष्वात्तः see स्वात्तः

-संस्कारः 1 consecration of fire.

-2 hallowing or con- secrating by means of fire; burning on the funeral pile; यथार्हं ˚रं मालवाय दत्वा Dk.169; नास्य कार्यो$ग्निसंस्कारः Ms.5.69, पितरीवाग्निसंस्कारात्परा ववृतिरे क्रियाः । R.12.56.

-सखः; -सहायः 1 the wind.

-2 the wild pigeon (smoke- coloured).

-3 smoke.

-सम्भव a. [प. ब.] sprung or pro- duced from fire.

(-वः) 1 wild safflower.

-2 lymph, result of digestion. (

-वम्) gold.

-साक्षिक [अग्निः साक्षी यत्र, कप्] a. or adv. keeping fire for a witness, in the presence of fire; पञ्चबाण˚ M.4.12. ˚मर्यादो भर्ता हि शरणं स्त्रियाः H.1.v. l, R.11.48.

-सारम् [अग्नौ सारं यस्य अत्यन्तानलोत्तापनेपि सारांशादहनात् Tv.] रसाञ्जन, a sort of medical preparation for the eyes. (

-रः -रम्) power or essence of fire.

-सुतः Kārttikeya; त्वामद्य निहनिष्यामि क्रौञ्चमग्निसुतो यथा । Mb.7.156.93.

-सूत्रम् a thread of fire.

-2 a girdle of sacrificial grass (मौञ्जीमेखला) put upon a young Brāhmaṇa at the time of investiture.

-सूनुः (See -सुतः), (सेनानीरग्निभूर्गुहः । Amar.); देव्यङ्कसंविष्ट- मिवाग्निसूनुम् । Bu. ch.1.67.

-स्तम्भः 1 stopping the burning power of Agni.

-2 N. of a Mantra used in this operation.

-3 N. of a medicine so used.

-स्तुत् m. (अग्निष्टुत्) [अग्निः स्तूयते$त्र; स्तु-आधारे क्विप् षत्वम्] the first day of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice; N. of a por- tion of that sacrifice which extends over one day; यजेत वाश्वमेधेन स्वर्जिता गोसवेन वा । अभिजिद्विश्वजिद्भ्यां वा त्रिवृता- ग्निष्टुतापि वा ॥ Ms.11.74.

-स्तुभ् (˚ष्टुभ्) m. [अग्निः स्तुभ्यते$त्र; स्तुभ्-क्विप् षत्वम्]

1 = अग्निष्टोम.

-2 N. of a son of the sixth Manu.

-रतोमः (˚ष्टोमः) [अग्नेः स्तोमः स्तुतिसाधनं यत्र]

1 N. of a protracted ceremony or sacrificeial rite extending over several days in spring and forming an essential part of the ज्योतिष्टोम.

-2 a Mantra or Kalpa with reference to this sacrifice; ˚मे भवो मन्त्रः ˚मः; ˚मस्य व्याख्यानम्, कल्पः ˚मः P.IV.3.66. Vārt.

-3 N. of the son of the sixth Manu.

-4 a species of the Soma plant; ˚सामन् a part of the Sāma Veda chanted at the conclu- sion of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice.

-सावर्णिः Name of Manu.

-स्थ a. (ष्ठ) [अग्नौ स्थातुमर्हति; स्था-क षत्वम्] placed in, over, or near the fire. (ष्ठः) an iron frying-pan; in the अश्वमेध sacrifice the 11th Yūpa which of all the 21 is nearest the fire.

-स्वात्तः (written both as ˚स्वात्त and ˚ष्वात्त) (pl.) [अग्नितः i. e. श्राद्धीयविप्रकर- रूपानलात् सुष्ठु आत्तं ग्रहणं येषां ते] N. of a class of Pitṛs or Manes who, when living on earth, maintained the sacred or domestic fires, but who did not perform the Agniṣṭoma and other sacrifices. They are regarded as Manes of Gods and Brāhmaṇas and also as descen- dants of Marīchi; Ms.3.195. अग्निष्वात्ताः पितर एह गच्छत Tsy.2.5.12.2. (मनुष्यजन्मन्यग्निष्टोमादियागमकृत्वा स्मार्तकर्मनिष्ठाः सन्तो मृत्वा च पितृत्वं गताः इति सायणः).

-हुत्, -होतृ Ved. sacrificing to Agni, having Agni for a priest; Rv.1.66.8.

-होत्रम् [अग्नये हूयते$त्र, हु-त्र, च. त.]

1 an oblation to Agni (chiefly of milk, oil and sour gruel.).

-2 maintenance of the sacred fire and offering oblation to it; (अग्नये होत्रं होमो$स्मिन् कर्मणीति अग्निहोत्रमिति कर्मनाम); or the sacred fire itself; तपोवनाग्निहोत्रधूमलेखासु K.26. होता स्यात् ˚त्रस्य Ms.11.36. ˚त्रमुपासते 42; स्त्रीं दाहयेत् ˚त्रेण Ms.5.167,6.4, दाहयित्वाग्निहोत्रेण स्त्रियं वृत्तवतीम् Y.1.89. The time of throwing oblations into the fire is, as ordained by the sun himself, evening (अग्नये सायं जुहुयात् सूर्याय प्रातर्जुहुयात्). Agnihotra is of two kinds; नित्य of constant obligation (यावज्जीवमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति) and काम्य occasional or optional (उपसद्भिश्चरित्वा मासमेकमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति). (

-त्र) a. Ved.

1 destined for, connected with, Agnihotra.

-2 sacrificing to Agni. ˚न्यायः The rule according to which the नित्यकर्मन्s (which are to be performed यावज्जीवम्) are performed at their stipulated or scheduled time only, during one's life time. This is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर at Ms.6. 2.23-26. in connection with अग्निहोत्र and other कर्मन्s. ˚हवनी (णी) a ladle used in sacrificial libations, or अग्निहोत्रहविर्ग्रहणी ऋक् Tv.; See हविर्ग्रहणी; ˚हुत् offering the अग्निहोत्र; ˚आहुतिः invocation or oblation connected with अग्निहोत्र.

-होत्रिन् a. [अग्निहोत्र-मत्वर्थे इनि]

1 one who practises the Agnihotra, or consecrates and maintains the sacred fire.

-2 one who has prepared the sacrifi- cial place.

-होत्री Sacrificial cow; तामग्निहोत्रीमृषयो जगृहु- र्ब्रह्मवादिनः Bhāg.8.8.2.

अन्तरि री क्षम् [अन्तः स्वर्गपृथिव्योर्मध्ये ईक्ष्यते, ईक्ष् कर्मणि घञ्, अन्तः ऋक्षाणि अस्य वा पृषो˚पक्षे ह्रस्वः ऋकारस्य रिर्त्व वा Tv., according to Nir. अन्तरा द्यावापृथिव्योः क्षान्तं अवस्थितं भवति, or अन्तरा इमे द्यावापृथिव्यौ क्षयति निवसति; or शरीरेष्वन्तः अक्षयं न पृथिव्यादिवत् क्षीयते] 1 The intermediate region between heaven and earth; the air, atmosphere, sky (अन्तरा द्यावापृथिव्योर्मध्ये ईक्ष्यमाणं व्योम Śay.) दिवं च पृथिवीं चान्तरिक्षमथो स्वः Sandhyā Mantra; यो$न्तरेणाकाश आसीत्तदन्त- रिक्षमभवदीक्षं हैतन्नाम ततः पुरान्तरा वा इदमीक्षमभूदिति तस्मादन्तरिक्षं Śat. Br. दिव्यन्तरिक्षे भूमौ च घोरमुत्पातजं भयम् Rām.2.1. 43

-2 The middle of the three spheres or regions of life.

-3 Talc. (Mar. अभ्रक)

-4 A synonym of a pent- roof. Māna.18.174-75.

-Comp. -उदर a. whose inside is as wide as the atmosphere. (

-रम्) the interior of the atmosphere.

-कान्तः a class of ten-storyed buildings. Māna.28.14.15.

-क्षित्, -सद् a. dwelling in the atmosphere.

-गः, -चरः a bird (moving through the atmosphere). ततो$न्तरिक्षगो वाचं व्याजहार नलं तदा Mb.3. 53.2.

-गत a. moving in air; अब्रवीच्च तदा वाक्यं जातक्रोधो विभीषणः । अन्तरिक्षगतः Rām.6.16.18.

-जलम् water of the atmosphere, dew.

-प्रा a. [अन्तरिक्षं प्राति पूरयति, प्रा-विच्] filling the atmosphere; illuminating the sky, travelling through the atmosphere.

-प्रुत् a. [अन्तरिक्षं प्रवते गच्छति, प्रु क्विप्] floating over the atmosphere, sweeping or going through it.

-लोकः the intermediate region, regarded as a distinct world; त्रयो लोका एत एव वागेवायं लोकः (earth) मनोन्तरिक्षलोकः, प्राणो$सौ लोकः (heaven) Śat. Br.

-शंसित a. sharpened in the atmosphere.

-सद्यम् [अन्तरिक्षे सद्यं सदनं, सद् भावे यत्] dwelling or residence in the atmosphere.

अपराजित a. Unconquered, invincible, unsurpassed; ˚ता दिक् the north-east direction, (ऐशानी) so called because the Gods were not defeated there; ते (देवासुराः) उदीच्यां प्राच्यां दिश्ययतन्त ते ततो न पराजयन्त सैषा दिगपराजिता Ait. Br., अपराजितां वास्थाय व्रजेद्दिशमजिह्मगः Ms.6.31.

-तः 1 A sort of poisonous insect.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu; N. of Śiva. अपराजित -अप्रतिहत -जयन्त -वैजयन्त -कोष्ठकान्...पुरमध्ये कारयेत् Kau. A.2.4.

-3 One of the 11 Rudras.

-4 A class of divinities forming a portion of the अनुत्तर divinities of the Jainas.

-5 N. of a sage.

-ता N. of Durgā, to be worshipped on the Vijayādaśamī or Dasarā day; तिष्ठ देवि शिखाबन्धे चामुण्डे ह्यपराजिते Sandhyā; दशम्यां च नरैः सम्यक् पूजनीया$पराजिता ।...ददाति विजयं देवी पूजिता जयवर्धिनी Skanda P.

-2 N. of several plants; दूर्वा, शेफालिका, जयन्ती, असन, शङ्खिनी, हपुषा, असनपर्णी.

-3 A kind of plant (or ओषधि) fastened round the wrist and serving as a charm or amulet; see. Ś.7. (In Vikramorvaśīyam Act 2, Kālidāsa uses अपराजिता in the sense of a spell or विद्या; ननु भगवता देवगुरुणा अपराजितां नाम शिखाबन्धनविद्यामुप- दिशता त्रिदशपरिपक्षस्यालङ्घनीये कृते स्वः).

-4 The north-east quarter; see under ˚त above.

-5 A kind of metre, 4 lines with 14 syllables in each

-6 A sort of Yoginī.

अपसृप् 1 P.

1 To glide or move gently along, glide away or off.

-2 To withdraw, retire, go away; अपसर्पन्तु ते भूता ये भूता भूमिसंस्थिताः Sandhyā; त्वरितमनन तरुगहनेनापसर्पत U.4; उत्प्रेक्षितविकारः अपसर्पेत Mv.4 retire, go into voluntary exile.

-3 To observe closely (as a spy); शुद्धान्तचारी दुर्मुखः स मया पौरजानपदानपसर्पितुं प्रयुक्तः U.1. -Caus. To drive away or off.

अर्णव a. Being agitated, foaming, restless (Ved.); full of water (Sāy.); ततः समुद्रो अर्णवः Sandhyā; यात्येव यमुना पूर्णं समुद्रमुदकार्णवम् Rām.2.15.19.

-वः [अर्णांसि सन्ति यस्मिन्, अर्णस्-व सलोपः P.V.2.19 Vārt.]

1 A stream, flood, wave.

-2 The (foaming) sea, ocean; पराहतः शैल इवार्णवाम्बुभिः Ki.14.1. (fig. also), Bhāg.4. 22.4; शोक˚ ocean of grief; so चिन्ता˚; जन˚ ocean of men; संसारार्णवलङ्घनम् Bh.3.1. &c. also नृणामेको गम्यस्त्वमसि पयसामर्णव इव- शिवमहिम्रस्तोत्र of पुष्पदन्ताचार्य.

-3 The ocean of air.

-4 N. of a metre.

-5 N. of the sun or Indra (as givers of water).

-Comp. -अन्तः the extremity of the ocean.

-उद्मवः 1 N. of a plant अग्निजार (Mar. समुद्रफेंस).

-2 the moon. (

-वा) Lakṣmī. (

-वम्) nectar.

-ज a. sea-born, marine. (

-जम्, -जः) cuttle-fish.

-पोतः, -यानम् a boat or ship.

-मन्दिरः 1 'inhabiting the ocean', N. of Varuṇa, regent of the waters.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu.

ऊर्ध्व a. Erect, upright, above; ˚केश &c.; rising or tending upwards.

-2 Raised, elevated, erected; हस्तः, ˚पादः &c.

-3 High, superior, upper.

-4 Not sitting (opp. आसीन).

-5 Torn (as hair).

-6 Thrown up.

-र्ध्वम् Elevation, height.

-र्ध्वम् -ind.

1 Upwards, aloft, above. अधश्चोर्ध्वं च प्रसृतम् Muṇḍ. Up.2.2.11; अधश्चोर्ध्वं प्रसृतास्तस्य शाखाः Bg.15.1.

-2 In the sequel (= उपरिष्टात्).

-3 In a high tone, aloud.

-4 Afterwards, subsequent to (with abl.); शरीरभेदादूर्ध्वमुत्क्रम्य पुनः Ait. Up.4.6. ते त्र्यहादूर्ध्वमाख्याय Ku.6.93; ऊर्ध्वं संवत्सरात् Ms.9.77; Y.1.53; R.14.66; Bk.18.36; पितुरूर्ध्वम् Ms.9.14 after the father's death; अत ऊर्ध्वम् hence forward, hereafter.

-Comp. -अङ्गुलि a. with uplifted finger.

- अयन a. going upwards. (

-नम्) motion above.

-आवर्तः rearing of a horse.

-आसितः the plant Momordica Charantia (कारवेल्ल; Mar. कारलें)

-ईहः motion or tendency upwards.

-कच, -केश a.

1 having the hair erect.

-2 one whose hair is torn.

-कचः 1 The descending node.

-2 N. of Ketu.

-केशी N. of a goddess; ऊर्ध्वकेशी विरूपाक्षी मांसशोणितभोजने Sandhyā.

-कण्ठ a. with the neck upraised. (

-ण्ठी) N. of a plant (महाशतावरी).

-कर्ण a. with the ears pricked up or erect; निभृतोर्ध्वकर्णाः Ś.1.8.

-कर्मन् n.

-क्रिया 1 motion upwards.

-2 action for attaining a high place. -m. N. of Viṣṇu.

-कायः, -यम् the upper part of the body.

-कृशन a. having the sharp qualities stirred up (Soma) efferves- cing (?); अयं बिभर्त्यूर्ध्वकृशनं मदम् Rv.1.144.2.

-ग, -गामिन् a.

1 going upwards, ascended, rising; भुवा सहोष्माणममुञ्चदूर्ध्वगम् Ku.5.23.

-2 being on high.

-3 virtuous, pious.

(-गः) 1 a kind of disease.

-2 N. of of Viṣṇu; ˚पुरम् the city of Hariśchandra.

-गत a. gone up, risen, ascended.

-गति a. going upwards. (

-तिः f.)

-गमः, -गमनम् 1 ascent, elevation.

-2 going to heaven.

-3 going above (as life).

-4 Fire.

-चरण, -पाद a. having the feet upwards.

(-णः) 1 A kind of ascetic or devotee.

-2 a fabulous animal called Śarabha. (

-पादम्) A kind of dance; Dk.2.8.

-चित् a. Ved. collecting, piling or heaping up.

-जानु, -ज्ञ, -ज्ञु a. [ऊर्ध्वमुच्चं जानु यस्य]

1 raising the knees, sitting on the hams; क्षणमयमनुभूय स्वप्नमूर्ध्वज्ञुरेव Śi.11.11.

-2 long-shanked.

-तालः A kind of time (ताल in music).

-तिलकिन् a. having a sectarian mark on the forehead.

-दंष्ट्र (ष्ट्रा) केश N. of Śiva (whose teeth and hair are erect).

-दृश् m. A Crab.

-दृष्टि, -नेत्र a.

1 looking upwards.

-2 (fig.) aspiring, ambitious. (

-ष्टिः f.) concentrating the sight on the spot between the eyebrows (in Yoga Phil.)

-द्वारम् The gate opening into heaven.

-देवः a superior deity, i. e. Viṣṇu.

-देहः a funeral ceremony; ˚निमित्तार्थमहं दातुं जला- ञ्जलिम् Rām.

-नभस् a. being above in the clouds.

-पथः the upper region, the ether.

-पातनम् causing to ascend, sublimation (as of mercury),

-पात्रम् a sacrificial vessel; सौवर्णराजताब्जानामूर्ध्वपात्रग्रहाश्मनाम् Y.1.182.

-पुण्ड्रः, -ण्ड्रकः a perpendicular sign of sandal on the forehead of a Brāhmaṇa.

-पूरम् ind. full to the brim, full to overflowing; ˚रं पूर्यते Sk.

-पृश्नि a. Ved. spotted above. (

-श्निः) a sacrificial beast.

-प्रमाणम् Height altitude.

-बर्हिस् a. Ved. being above the sacrificial grass. -m. a kind of manes called सोमप.

-बाहुः a devotee who constantly holds his arms above his head till they are fixed in that position. ऊर्ध्वबाहुर्विरौम्येष न च कश्चित् शृणोति माम् Mb.

-बुध्न a. Ved. upside- down, topsy-turvy; अर्वाग्विलश्चमस ऊर्ध्वबुध्नः Bṛi. Up. 2.2.3.

-भागः 1 the upper part.

-2 any part of a word coming after another part.

-भाज् a.

1 being upwards.

-2 enjoying the upper part. (-m.) the submarine fire.

-मन्थिन् a. living in perpetual chastity, a Brahmachārin; वाताशना य ऋषयः श्रमणा ऊर्ध्व- मन्थिनः Bhāg.11.6.48.

-मानम् an instrument for measuring altitudes; ऊर्ध्वमानं किलोन्मानं परिमाणं तु सर्वतः Mbh. on P.V.1.19.

-मायु a. sending forth a loud noise.

-मारुतम् pressure of the wind (of the body) upwards.

-मुख a. having the mouth or opening upwards; cast or directed upwards; प्रबोधयत्यूर्ध्वमुखैर्मुयूखैः Ku.1.16; R.3.57. (

-खम्) the upper part of the mouth.

-मूल a. having the roots upwards. ऊर्ध्वमूलमधः शाखमश्वत्थं प्राहुरव्यम् । छन्दांसि यस्य पर्णानि यस्तं वेद स वेदवित् ॥ Bg.15.1.9.

-मौहूर्तिक a. happening after a short time.

-रेत, -रेतस् a. [ऊर्ध्वमूर्ध्वगं नाधः पतत् रेतो यस्य] one who lives in perpetual celibacy or abstains from sexual inter- course; यतीनामूर्ध्वरेतसाम् Mb.3.233.44. (-m.)

1 N. of Śiva.

-2 Bhīṣma.

-लिङ्गः, -लिङ्गिन् N. of Śiva. (Having the membrum virile above, i. e. chaste)

-लोकः the upper world, heaven.

-वक्त्रः (pl.) N. of a class of deities.

-वर्त्मन् m. the atmosphere.

-वातः, -वायुः the wind in the upper part of the body (उदान).

-वालम् Yak-tail (चमरीपुच्छ); परिधायोर्ध्ववालं तु Mb.12.165.72.

-वृत a. put on above, put over the head or shoulder (as the sacred thread of a Brāhmaṇa); कार्पासमुपवीतं स्याद्विप्रस्योर्ध्ववृतं त्रिवृत् Ms.2.44.

-शायिन् a. sleeping with the face upwards (as a child). (-m.) N. of Śiva.

-शोधनम् vomiting.

-शोधनः Soap-nut tree and fruit, Sapindus Emarginatus (Mar. रिठा).

-शोषम् ind. so as to dry (anything) above; यद्वोर्ध्वशोषं तृणवद् विशुल्कः Bk.3.14.

-श्वासः expiration; a kind of asthma.

-सानु a. rising higher and higher; surpassing; कनिक्रदत् पतयदूर्ध्वसानुः Rv.1.152.5. (-m., -n.) the top of a mountain.

-स्थ a. being above, superior.

-स्थितिः f.

1 the rearing of a horse.

-2 a horse's back.

-3 eleva- tion, superiority.

-स्रोतस् m.

1 an ascetic who abstains from sexual intercourse; cf. ऊर्ध्वरेतस्.

-2 N. of a creation of beings whose stream of life or current of nutriment tends upwards.

-3 a plant.

गायत्री 1 A Vedic metre of 24 syllables; गायत्री छन्द- सामहम् Bg.1.35.

-2 N. of a very sacred verse repeated by every Brāhmaṇa at his Sandhyā (morning and evening devotions) and on other occasions also. Great sins even are said to be expiated by a pious repetition of this verse, which is as follows:-- तत्सवितुर्वरेण्यं भर्गो देवस्य धीमहि धियो यो नः प्रचोदयात् Rv.3.62.1.

-3 A number of mystical verses in Tantra literature.

-4 N. of Durgā, Ks.53.172.

-त्रम् A hymn composed and recited in the Gāyatrī metre.

-Comp. -मन्त्रः prayers connected with the गायत्री.

-वल्लभः an epithet of Śiva.

पृथ्वी [पृथु-ङीष्]

1 The earth; पृथ्वि त्वया धृता लोका देवि त्वं विष्णुना धृता Sandhyā.

-2 The earth as one of the five elements.

-3 Large cardamoms.

-4 N. of a metre; (see App.I.)

-Comp. -ईशः, -पतिः, -पालः, -भुज् m. a king, sovereign.

-खातम् a cavern.

-गर्भः an epithet of Gaṇeṣa.

-गृहम् a cave, grotto.

-जः 1 a tree.

-2 the planet Mars.

-जम् rock-salt (गडलवण).

-तलम् the ground, dry land.

-धरः a mountain.

-भरः N. of a metre.

प्रातर् ind.

1 At day-break, at dawn, early in the morning.

-2 Early on the morrow, the next or tomorrow morning.

-Comp. -अनुवाकः the hymn with which the प्रातःसवन begins; one of the Vedic Anuvākas in the Soma-yāga; प्रातरनुवाकं जाग्रदुपासीत Kāty. ŚS.; पुरा प्रातरनुवाकस्योपाकरणाज्जघनेन गार्हपत्यस्योदङ्मुख उपविश्य स वासवं सामाभिर्गायति Ch. Up.2.24.3.

-अह्नः the early part of the day, forenoon.

-आशः, -भोजनम् morning meal, breakfast; अन्यथा प्रातराशाय कुर्याम त्वामलं वयम् Bk. 8.98; मृगान् पञ्चशतं चैव प्रातराशं ददामि ते Mb.3.267.13.

-आशिन् m. one who has breakfasted or taken his morning meal.

-कर्मन् n.,

-कार्यम्, -कृत्यम् (

प्रातःकर्म &c.) a morning ceremony; a morning duty or rite (worship, prayer &c.).

-कालः (प्रातःकालः) morning time.

-गेयः a bard whose duty it is to wake the king or any great personage in the morning with appro- priate songs.

-चन्द्रः (प्रातश्चन्द्रः) the moon in the morning. ˚द्युति a. pale.

-त्रिवर्गा (प्रातस्त्रिवर्गा) the river Ganges.

-दिनम् forenoon.

-दोहः morning milk.

-प्रहरः (प्रातःप्रहरः) the first watch of the day.

-भोक्तृ m. a crow.

-भोजनम् morning meal, breakfast.

-संध्या (प्रातःसंध्या) 1 the morning twilight.

-2 the morning devotions or Sandhyā adoration of a Brāhmaṇa.

-समयः (प्रातःसमयः) morning-time, day-break.

-सवः, -सवनम् (

प्रातःसवः &c.) the morning libation of Soma.

-स्नानम् (प्रातःस्नानम्) morning ablution.

-होम morning sacrifice.

भूः f. [भू-क्विप्]

1 The earth (opp. अन्तरीक्ष or स्वर्ग); दिवं मरुत्वानिव भोक्ष्यते भुवम् R.3.4;18.4; Me.18; मत्तेभ- कुम्भदलने भुवि सन्ति शूराः ।

-2 Earth as one of the nine substances.

-3 The universe, globe.

-4 Ground, floor; मणिभयभुवः (प्रासादाः) Me.66.

-5 Land, landed property.

-6 A place, site, region, plot of ground; काननभुवि, उपवनभुवि &c.

-7 Matter, subject-matter.

-8 A symbo- lical expression for the number 'one'.

-9 The base of a geometrical figure.

-1 A sacrificial fire.

-11 The act of becoming, arising.

-12 The first of the three Vyāhṛitis or mystic syllables (भूः, भुवः, स्वः) --representing the earth--repeated by every Brāhmaṇa at the commencement of his daily Sandhyā.

-Comp. -उत्तमम् gold.

-कदम्बः a kind of Kadamba tree.

-कम्पः an earthquake.

-कर्णः the diameter of the earth.

-कश्यपः an epithet of Vasudeva, Kṛiṣṇa's father.

-काकः 1 a kind of heron.

-2 the curlew.

-3 a kind of pigeon.

-केशः the fig-tree.

-केशा a female demon, demoness.

-क्षित् m. a hog.

-गरम् a particular poison.

-गर्भः 1 N. of Viṣṇu.

-2 an epithet of Bhavabhūti.

-गृहम् -गेहम् a cellar, a room underground.

-गोलः the terrestrial globe; दधौ कण्ठे हालाहलमखिलभूगोलकृपया Ā. L.17; भूगोलमुद्बिभ्रते Gīt.1. ˚विद्या geography.

-घनः the body.

-घ्नी aluminous slate.

-चक्रम् the equator.

-चर a. moving or living on land.

(-रः) 1 any land- animal (opp. जलचर).

-2 epithet of Śiva.

-चर्या, -छाया, -छायम् 1 earth's shadow (vulgarly called Rāhu).

-2 darkness.

-जन्तुः 1 a kind of earthworm.

-2 an elephant.

-जम्बुः, -बूः f. wheat.

-तलम् the surface of the earth.

-तुम्बी a kind of cucumber.

-तृणः, -भूस्तृणः a kind of fragrant grass.

-दारः a hog.

-देवः, -सुरः a Brāhmaṇa.

-धनः a king.

-धर a.

1 holding or supporting the earth; व्यादिश्यते भूधरतामवेक्ष्य कृष्णेन देहोद्वहनाय शेषः Ku.3.13.

-2 dwelling on the earth.

(-रः) 1 a mountain; भवभूतेः संबन्धाद् भूधरभूरेव भारती भाति Udb.

-2 an epithet of Śiva.

-3 of Kṛiṣna.

-4 the number 'seven'. ˚ईश्वरः, ˚राजः an epithet of the mountain Himālaya. ˚जः a tree.

-5 a king; स त्वं भूधर भूतानाम् Bhāg.1.37.13.

-धात्री N. of a tree (Mar. भुयआवळी).

-ध्रः a mountain.

-नागः a kind of earth-worm.

-नामन् f. a kind of fragrant earth.

-निम्बः Gentiana Chirata (Mar. किराईत).

-नेतृ m. a sovereign, ruler, king.

-पः 1 a sovereign, ruler, king.

-2 a term for number 'sixteen'.

-पतिः 1 a king.

-2 an epithet of Śiva.

-3 of Indra.

-पदः a tree.

-पदी a particular kind of jasmine; मल्लिका मदयन्तीव शीतभीरुश्च भूपदी Bhāva. P.

-परिधिः the circum- ference of the earth.

-प(फ)लः a kind of rat (Mar. घूस).

-पवित्रभ् cow-dung.

-पालः 1 a king, sovereign; भूपालसिंह निजगाद सिंहः.

-2 an epithet of king Bhoja.

-पालनम् sovereignty, dominion.

-पुत्रः, -सुतः 1 the planet Mars.

-2 N. of the demon Naraka; q. v.

-पुत्री, -सुता 'daughter of the earth', an epithet of Sītā; भूपुत्री यस्य पत्नी स भवति कथं भूपती रामचन्द्रः Rām.

-प्रकम्पः an earthquake.

-प्रदानम् a gift of land.

-फलः a kind of rat.

-बिम्बः, -म्बम् the terrestrial globe.

-भर्तृ m.

1 a king, sovereign.

-2 a mountain; भूभर्तुः शिरसि नभो- नदीव रेजे Ki.7.18.

-भा the shadow of the earth on the moon (in an eclipse).

-भागः a region, place, spot.

-भुज् m. a king; निवासाय प्रशस्यन्ते भूभुजां भूतिमिच्छताम् Kām.

-भृत् m.

1 a mountain; दाता मे भूभृतां नाथः प्रमाणी- क्रियतामिति Ku.6.1; R.17.78.

-2 a king, sovereign; निष्प्रभश्च रिपुरास भूभृताम् R.11.81.

-3 an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-4 a term for the number 'seven'.

-मणिः the king; अतस्तिष्ठामि भूत्वाहं कृपाणी भूमणे तव Śiva B.2.22.

-मण्डलम् 1 the earth, (terrestrial globe).

-2 the circumference of the earth.

-युक्ता a kind of palm.

-रुण्डी a kind of sun-flower.

-रुह् m.,

-रुहः a tree. (

-हम्) a pearl.

-लता a worm.

-लिङ्गशकुनः a species of bird; भूलिङ्गशकुनाश्चान्ये सामुद्राः पर्वतोद्भवाः Mb.12.169.1.

-लोकः (-भूर्लोकः) 1 the terrestrial globe.

-2 the country on the southern part of the equator.

-वलयम् = भूमण्डलम् q. v.

-वल्लभः a king, sovereign.

-वल्लूरम् a mushroom.

-वृत्तम् the equator.

-शक्रः 'Indra on earth', a king, sovereign.

-शमी a kind of Acacia.

-शयः 1 an epithet of Viṣṇu.

-2 any animal lying on the earth.

-शय्या lying on the ground.

-शुद्धिः f. purification of the ground by sweeping &c.

-श्रवस् m. an ant-hill.

-श्वभ्रम् a hole in the ground.

-सुरः a Brāhmaṇa.

-स्थः a man.

-स्पृश् m. a man.

-2 mankind.

-3 a Vaiśya.

-स्फोटः a mushroom.

-स्वर्गः an epithet of the mountain Meru; भूस्वर्गायते to become a heaven on earth.

-स्वामिन् m. a landlord.

मूर्धन् m. [मुह्यत्यस्मिन्नाहते इति मूर्धा, cf. Uṇ.1.156]

1 The forehead, brow.

-2 The head in general; नतेन मूर्ध्ना हरिरग्रहीदपः Śi.1.18; R.16.81; नैसर्गिकी सुरभिणः कुसुमस्य सिद्धा मूर्ध्नि स्थितिर्न चरणैरवताडनानि U.1.14; Ku.3.22.

-3 The highest or most prominent part, top, summit, peak, head; अतिष्ठन्मनुजेन्द्राणां मूर्ध्नि देवपतिर्यथा Mb. 'stood at the head of all kings' &c.; उत्तमे शिखरे जाते भूम्यां पर्वतमूर्धनि Sandhyā Mantra; Ś.5.7; Me.17.

-4 (Hence) A leader, head, chief, foremost, prominent.

-5 Front, van, forepart; स किल संयुगमूर्ध्नि सहायतां मघवतः प्रतिपद्य महारथः R.9.19.

-6 (In geom.) The base.

-7 (In gram.) The roof of the palate.

-Comp. -अन्तः the crown of the head.

-अक्षिषिक्त a.

1 consecrated, crowned, inaugurated; मूर्धाभिषिक्तं कुमुदो बभाषे R.16.81.

-2 common, stock (as an instance); उत्कृत्योत्कृत्य कृत्तिं इति बीभत्सस्य मूर्धाभिषिक्तमुदाहरणम्.

(-क्तः) 1 a consecrated king; पश्य मूर्धाभिषिक्तानामाचार्य कदनं महत् Mb.7.15.12.

-2 a man of the Kṣatriya caste.

-3 a minister.

-4 = मूर्धावसिक्त (1) q. v.

-अभिषेकः consecration, inaugura- tion.

-अवसिक्तः 1 N. of a particular mixed tribe sprung from a Brāhmaṇa father and Kṣatriya mother.

-2 a consecrated king.

-कर्णी, कर्परी f. an umbrella.

-ग a. sitting down on the head; स्यन्दनैः स्यन्दनगता गजैश्च गजमूर्धगाः Rām.7.7.5.

-जः 1 the hair (of the head); पर्याकुला मूर्धजाः Ś.1.3; विललाप विकीर्णमूर्धजा Ku.4.4 'she tore her hair for grief'.

-2 the mane.

-3 a crown, helmet; विमुक्तमूर्धजा ये च ये चापि हतवाहनाः Mb.1.5.12.

-ज्योतिस् n. see ब्रह्मरन्ध्र or मुद्रामार्ग.

-पातः splitting of the skull.

-पिण्डः a lump upon the head (of an elephant in rut).

-पुष्पः the Śirīṣa tree.

-रसः the scum of boiled rice.

-वेष्टनम् a turban, diadem.

वर a. [वृ-कर्मणि अप्]

1 Best, excellent, most beauti- ful or precious, choicest, finest, royal, princely; with gen. or loc. or usually at the end of comp.; वदतां वरः R.1.59; वेदविदां वरेण 5.23;11.54; Ku.6.18; नृवरः, तरुवराः, सरिद्वरा &c.

-2 Better than, preferable to; ग्रन्थिभ्यो धारिणो वराः Ms.12.13; Y.1.352.

-रः 1 The act of choosing, selecting.

-2 Choice, selection.

-3 A boon, blessing, favour (तपोभिरिष्यते यस्तु देवेभ्यः स वरो मतः); वरं वृ or याच् 'to ask a boon'; प्रीतास्मि ते पुत्र वरं वृणीष्व R.2.63; भवल्लब्धवरोदीर्णः Ku.2.32; (for the distinction between वर and आशिस् see आशिस्).

-4 A gift, present, reward, recompense.

-5 A wish, desire in general.

-6 Solicitation, entreaty.

-7 Charity, alms.

-8 Surrounding, enclosing.

-9 Obstructing, checking.

-1 A bridegroom, husband; वरं वरयते कन्या; see under वधू (1) also.

-11 A suitor, wooer.

-12 A dowry.

-13 A son-in-law; 'वरो जामातरि श्रेष्ठे' इति विश्वः; रथाङ्गभर्त्रे$भिनवं वराय Śi.3.36.

-14 A dissolute man, libertine.

-15 A spar- row.

-16 Bdellium.

-रम् Saffron; (for वरम् see separa- tely).

-Comp. -अङ्ग a. having an excellent form.

(-ङ्गः) 1 an elephant.

-2 N. of Viṣṇu.

-3 N. of Cupid.

-4 a Nakṣatra year consisting of 324 days. (

-ङ्गी) turmeric.

(-ङ्गम्) 1 the head; वराङ्गानि महार्हाणि धनुषा शातयामि वः Rām.1.66.1; वराङ्गमुर्व्यामपतच्चमूमुखे Mb.8.91.53.

-2 the best part.

-3 an elegant form.

-4 pudendum mulie- bre.

-5 green cinnamon.

-अङ्गना a lovely woman; वराङ्गनासेवनमल्पभोजनम् Lakṣmīcharitra.

-अन्नम् excellent dish; पक्वापक्वं दिवारात्रं वरान्नममृतोपमम् Mb.7.67.2.

-अरणिः a mother; ददर्श रावणस्तत्र गोवृषेन्द्रवरारणिम् Rām.7.23.22.

-अर्ह a.

1 worthy of a boon.

-2 very worthy, highly este- emed;

-मत्कृते$द्य वरार्हायाः श्यामतां समुपागतम्(मुखम्) Mb.3.144. 11.

-3 very expensive.

-आनना a lovely-faced woman.

-आजीविन् m. an astrologer.

-आरुहः an ox.

-आरोह a. having fine hips.

(-हः) 1 an excellent rider.

-2 a rider on an elephant or horse.

-3 mounting, riding. (

-हा) an elegant or a beautiful woman; कामं कुरु वरा- रोहे देहि मे परिरम्भणम् Māl.6.11.

-आलिः the moon.

-आसनम् 1 an excellent seat.

-2 the chief seat, a seat of honour.

-3 the China rose.

-4 a cistern, reservoir.

(-नः) 1 a door-keeper.

-2 a lover, paramour

-इन्द्रः 1 a chief, sovereign.

-2 Indra.

-3 (also n.) N. of a part of Bengal.

-न्द्री the ancient Gaura or Gauda country.

-ईश्वरः N. of Śiva.

-उरुः, -रूः f. a beautiful woman (lit. having beautiful thighs).

-क्रतुः an epithet of Indra.

-गात्र a. fair-limbed, beautiful.

-चन्दनम् 1 a kind of sandal wood.

-2 the pine tree.

-तनु a. fair- limbed. (

-नुः f.) a beautiful woman; वरतनुरथवासौ नैव दृष्टा त्वया मे V.4.22.

-तन्तुः N. of an ancient sage; कौत्सः प्रपेदे वरतन्तुशिष्यः R.5.1.

-त्वचः the Nimba tree.

-द a.

1 conferring a boon, granting or fulfilling a boon; आगच्छ वरदे देवि जपे मे संनिधौ भव Sandhyā.

-2 propitious.

(-दः) 1 a benefactor.

-2 N. of a class of Manes.

-3 fire for propitiatory burnt offerings. ˚चतुर्थी N. of the 4th day in the bright half of माघ, ˚हस्तः the boon-giving or beneficent hand (placed on the head of a suppliant by a deity &c.).

(-दा) 1 N. of a river; वरद वरदारोधोवृक्षैः सहावनतो रिपुः M.5.1.

-2 a maiden, girl.

-दक्षिणा 1 a present made to the bridegroom by the father of the bride.

-2 a term for expense incurred in fruitless endeavours to recover a loss.

-दानम् the granting of a boon.

-दानिक a. arising from the bestowal of a favour or boon; चतुर्दश वने वासं वर्षाणि वरदानिकम् Rām.2.17.7.

-द्रुमः agallochum.

-धर्मः a noble act of justice.

-निमन्त्र- णम् a journey undertaken by the parents of the bride to recall the bridegroom (who pretends to go to Kāśī.).

-निश्चयः the choice of a bridegroom.

-पक्षः the party of the bridegroom (at a wedding); प्रमुदितवरपक्षमेकतस्तत् R.6.86.

-पुरुषः the best of men; अहं वरपुरुषमनुष्यो वासुदेवः कामयितव्यः Mk.1.3/31.

-प्रद a. granting wishes.

-प्रदा N. of Lopāmudrā.

-प्रस्थानम्, -यात्रा the setting out of the bridegroom in procession towards the house of the bride for the celebration of marriage.

-फलः the cocoa-nut tree.

-बाह्लिकम् saffron.

-युवतिः, -ती f. a beautiful young woman.

-रुचिः N. of a poet and gram- marian (one of the 'nine gems' at the court of king Vikrama; see नवरत्न; he is identified by some with Kātyāyana, the celebrated author of the Vārtikas on Pāṇini's Sūtras).

-लक्षणम् the requisites of wedding. पाणिग्रहणमन्त्राश्च प्रथितं वरलक्षणम् Mb.7.55.16.

-लब्ध a. received as a boon. (

-ब्धः) the Champaka tree.

-वत्सला a mother-in-law.

-वर्णम् gold.

-वर्णिनी 1 an excellent or fair-complexioned woman; मया हीयं वृता पूर्वं भार्यार्थे वरवर्णिनी Mb.1.5.23.

-2 a woman in general.

-3 turmeric.

-4 lac.

-5 N. of Lakṣmī.

-6 of Durgā.

-7 of Sarasvatī.

-8 the creeper called Priyaṅgu.

-9 a yellow pigment.

-वृद्धः N. of Śiva.

-शीतम् cinnamon.

-सुरत a.

1 very wanton.

-2 acquainted with the secrets of sexual intercourse.

-स्रज् f. 'the bridegroom's garl- and', the garland put by the bride round the neck of the bridegroom.

व्याहृतिः f.

1 Utterance, speech, words; न हीश्वर- व्याहृतयः कदाचित् पुष्णन्ति लोके विपरीतमर्थम् Ku.3.63.

-2 State- ment, expression; भूतार्थव्याहृतिः सा हि न स्तुतिः परमेष्ठिनः R. 1.33.

-3 A mystic word uttered by every Brāhmaṇa in performing his daily Sandhyā adoration; (these Vyāhṛitis are three: भूर्, भुवस् and स्वस् or स्वर् usually repeated after om; cf. भूर्भुवः सुवरिति वा एतास्तिस्रो व्याहृतयः T. Up.1.5.1; वेदत्रयान्निरदुहद्भूर्भुवःस्वरितीति च Ms.2.76; according to some they are seven in number as भूः, भुवः, स्वः, महः, जनः, तपः, and सत्यम्.

f. early down

ind. (fr. saṉdhyā), about twilight Ṡiṡ. IX, 5.