Перевод: со словенского на английский

с английского на словенский

regular+information

  • 1 bělъ

    bě́lъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `white'
    Page in Trubačev: II 79-81
    Old Church Slavic:
    bělъ `white' [adj o]
    Russian:
    bélyj `white' [adj o];
    bel `white' [adj o], belá [Nomsf], bélo [Nomsn] \{1\}
    Czech:
    bílý `white' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    biely `white' [adj o]
    Polish:
    biaɫy `white' [adj o]
    Slovincian:
    bjáu̯lï `white' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    bȉjel, bȉo `white' [adj o], bijȅla [Nomsf], bijèlo [Nomsn];
    Čak. bĩ(l) (Vrgada) `white' [adj o], bīlȁ [Nomsf], bīlȍ [Nomsn];
    Čak. biȇl (Orbanići) `white' [adj o], bielȁ [Nomsf], biȇlȍ [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    bẹ́ɫ `white' [adj o]
    Bulgarian:
    bjal `white' [adj o]
    Lithuanian:
    bãlas `white' [adj o] 4;
    báltas `white' [adj o] 3
    Latvian:
    bā̀ls `pale' [adj o];
    bãls `pale' [adj o];
    bal̃ts `white' [adj o]
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 118
    Comments: The fact that this etymon belongs to AP (b), which implies an non-acute root, does not pose any problems if one assumes that the regular reflex of a lengthened grade vowel was circumflex. We may reconstruct * bʰēlH-o-, with regular loss of the root-final laryngeal.
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (b) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 136).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > bělъ

  • 2 ertь

    ertь Grammatical information: f. i Proto-Slavic meaning: `strife'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Old Church Slavic:
    retь (Zogr.2, Supr.) `strife, contest' [f i]
    Old Russian:
    retь `diligence, strife, contest' [f i]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁er-ti-
    Comments: If the anlaut of OCS retь does indeed originate from * er- (cf. -> * ernь), we would expect rětь in view of the regular development of * oRC- in South Slavic, cf. ratь `war, battle' (-> * ortь). Nevertheless, the etymology advocated here seems the best option (cf. Toporov 1981: 154).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ertь

  • 3 ękati

    ękati; ęcati \{1\} Grammatical information: v.
    Page in Trubačev: VI 69-70
    Czech:
    jekati `shriek' [verb]
    Polish:
    jąkać `stammer' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jékati `resound, moan' [verb];
    jȅkati `scold, urge on' [verb];
    jȅcati `sob, stammer' [verb]
    Slovene:
    ję́kati `hit with a lot of noise, bump into' [verb], ję̑kam [1sg];
    ję́cati `stammer, prattle' [verb], ję̑cam [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    écam (dial.) `eat, dangle' [verb];
    jécam (dial.) `stammer' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-
    Lithuanian:
    inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]
    Comments: The form ęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.
    Other cognates:
    Lat. uncāre `make the sound of a bear' [verb];
    MLG anken `moan, sigh' [verb];
    MoDu. janken `howl, cry' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ękati

  • 4 ęcati

    ękati; ęcati \{1\} Grammatical information: v.
    Page in Trubačev: VI 69-70
    Czech:
    jekati `shriek' [verb]
    Polish:
    jąkać `stammer' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jékati `resound, moan' [verb];
    jȅkati `scold, urge on' [verb];
    jȅcati `sob, stammer' [verb]
    Slovene:
    ję́kati `hit with a lot of noise, bump into' [verb], ję̑kam [1sg];
    ję́cati `stammer, prattle' [verb], ję̑cam [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    écam (dial.) `eat, dangle' [verb];
    jécam (dial.) `stammer' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: ink-
    Lithuanian:
    inkštėti (dial.) `stammer' [verb]
    Comments: The form ęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.
    Other cognates:
    Lat. uncāre `make the sound of a bear' [verb];
    MLG anken `moan, sigh' [verb];
    MoDu. janken `howl, cry' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > ęcati

  • 5 lękati

    lękati; lęcati Grammatical information: v.
    Page in Trubačev: XV 59-61
    Old Church Slavic:
    lęčǫtъ `set traps' [3pl]
    Russian:
    ljakát' (dial.) `scare, chase a fish caught in a net' [verb]
    Czech:
    lekati `scare' [verb];
    léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb];
    líceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]
    Polish:
    lękać się `be afraid' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lécati se `not feel well, fear' [verb];
    lȅcati se `not feel well, fear' [verb]
    Slovene:
    lę́cati `bend, lay snares, tremble, be scared' [verb], lę́cam [1sg]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: lenktei
    Lithuanian:
    leñkti `bend' [verb]
    Latvian:
    lìekt `bend' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: lenk-
    Page in Pokorny: 676
    Comments: The form lęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > lękati

  • 6 lęcati

    lękati; lęcati Grammatical information: v.
    Page in Trubačev: XV 59-61
    Old Church Slavic:
    lęčǫtъ `set traps' [3pl]
    Russian:
    ljakát' (dial.) `scare, chase a fish caught in a net' [verb]
    Czech:
    lekati `scare' [verb];
    léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb];
    líceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]
    Old Czech:
    léceti `lay snares, set traps' [verb]
    Polish:
    lękać się `be afraid' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    lécati se `not feel well, fear' [verb];
    lȅcati se `not feel well, fear' [verb]
    Slovene:
    lę́cati `bend, lay snares, tremble, be scared' [verb], lę́cam [1sg]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: lenktei
    Lithuanian:
    leñkti `bend' [verb]
    Latvian:
    lìekt `bend' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: lenk-
    Page in Pokorny: 676
    Comments: The form lęcati shows the regular reflex of the second palatalization.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > lęcati

  • 7 māxàti

    māxàti Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wave'
    Page in Trubačev: XVII 123-126
    Church Slavic:
    maxati `wave' [verb], maxajǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    maxát' `wave' [verb], mašú [1sg], mášet [3sg]
    Czech:
    máchati `wave' [verb]
    Slovak:
    máchat' `swing' [verb]
    Polish:
    machać `wave, swing' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    máhati `wave' [verb], mȃšȇm [1sg];
    Čak. må̄hȁti (Vrgada) `wave' [verb], må̃šeš [2sg];
    Čak. māhȁt (Orbanići) `wave' [verb], mãšen [1sg]
    Slovene:
    máhati `wave' [verb], máham [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    máxam `wave' [verb]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: maHs-
    Lithuanian:
    mosúoti `wave' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: meh₂s-
    Page in Pokorny: 693
    Comments: In spite of the fact that the x in *maxati is not the regular reflex of *s in this position, I assume that we are dealing with a Balto-Slavic enlargement s of the root *meh₂- `to beckon'.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > māxàti

  • 8 olьxa

    olьxa; elьxa Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `alder'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 23-25; XXXII 81-82
    Russian:
    ol'xá `alder' [f ā];
    ëlxa (dial.), elxá (dial.) `alder, spruce' [f ā] \{1\}
    Slovak:
    jelcha (dial.) `alder' [f ā]
    Polish:
    olcha `alder' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jelha (dial.) `alder' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    elxá `alder, spruce' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: a/elisaH;; a/el(i)snio-
    Lithuanian:
    al̃ksnis, el̃ksnis `alder' [m io] 2;
    alìksnis (E. dial.) `alder' [m io] 2;
    álksna, élksna (dial.) `alder thicket, place where alders grow, marsh, dale' [f ā] 1
    Latvian:
    àlksnis, èlksnis (dial.) `alder' [m io];
    àlksna, ęlksna (E. dial.) `alder thicket, swampy place' \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eliseh₂
    IE meaning: alder
    Certainty: -
    Page in Pokorny: 302-303
    Comments: As Schrijver observes (1991: 40), this etymon presents two problems. The first problem is the anlaut. The Slavic forms with je- cannot be explained away by assuming analogy after the word for `spruce': je- also occurs in West Slavic, where `spruce' is jedl-, not jel- (pace Kortlandt apud Schrijver: o.c. 41). The a-: e- variation in Germanic suggests that the variation in Baltic and Slavic does not result from "Rozwadowski's change" alone (cf. Andersen 1996: 130). The second problem is the alternation between i and zero in the second syllable. It is true that the *i and *u (cf. the Latvian toponym Aluksne?) of the Germanic forms may continue the regular ablaut of an s-stem (Schrijver: l.c.), but the fact that we find *i of in Slavic and East Lithuanian as well indicates that it should be taken at face value. The above-mentioned peculiarities of the etymon strongly suggest that we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European origin. The fact that there are North Slavic forms with s alongside the expected x must be connected with the Baltic presence in the area (cf. Anikin 2005: 85-86).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. alnus `alder'
    ;
    Span. aliso `alder'
    ;
    Mac. ἄλιζα `white poplar';
    OHG elira, erila `alder' [f];
    OE alor `alder'
    ;
    OIc. ǫlr `alder'
    , jǫlstr `alder' [f] \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} In Russian dialects there are apparently also forms with a vocalized medial jer, e.g. elóxa (Kostr.), alëx (Voron.), olëx (Rjaz.) `alder' (cf. Popowska-Taborska 1984: 39). \{2\} The form with e- is actually reflected as àlksna (Bersohn, E. Latvia) (M-E: s.v.). \{3\} From * aluz- and * elustrō (< * elastrō?), respectively.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > olьxa

  • 9 elьxa

    olьxa; elьxa Grammatical information: f. ā Proto-Slavic meaning: `alder'
    Page in Trubačev: VI 23-25; XXXII 81-82
    Russian:
    ol'xá `alder' [f ā];
    ëlxa (dial.), elxá (dial.) `alder, spruce' [f ā] \{1\}
    Slovak:
    jelcha (dial.) `alder' [f ā]
    Polish:
    olcha `alder' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jelha (dial.) `alder' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    elxá `alder, spruce' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: a/elisaH;; a/el(i)snio-
    Lithuanian:
    al̃ksnis, el̃ksnis `alder' [m io] 2;
    alìksnis (E. dial.) `alder' [m io] 2;
    álksna, élksna (dial.) `alder thicket, place where alders grow, marsh, dale' [f ā] 1
    Latvian:
    àlksnis, èlksnis (dial.) `alder' [m io];
    àlksna, ęlksna (E. dial.) `alder thicket, swampy place' \{2\}
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₂eliseh₂
    IE meaning: alder
    Certainty: -
    Page in Pokorny: 302-303
    Comments: As Schrijver observes (1991: 40), this etymon presents two problems. The first problem is the anlaut. The Slavic forms with je- cannot be explained away by assuming analogy after the word for `spruce': je- also occurs in West Slavic, where `spruce' is jedl-, not jel- (pace Kortlandt apud Schrijver: o.c. 41). The a-: e- variation in Germanic suggests that the variation in Baltic and Slavic does not result from "Rozwadowski's change" alone (cf. Andersen 1996: 130). The second problem is the alternation between i and zero in the second syllable. It is true that the *i and *u (cf. the Latvian toponym Aluksne?) of the Germanic forms may continue the regular ablaut of an s-stem (Schrijver: l.c.), but the fact that we find *i of in Slavic and East Lithuanian as well indicates that it should be taken at face value. The above-mentioned peculiarities of the etymon strongly suggest that we are dealing with a word of non-Indo-European origin. The fact that there are North Slavic forms with s alongside the expected x must be connected with the Baltic presence in the area (cf. Anikin 2005: 85-86).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. alnus `alder'
    ;
    Span. aliso `alder'
    ;
    Mac. ἄλιζα `white poplar';
    OHG elira, erila `alder' [f];
    OE alor `alder'
    ;
    OIc. ǫlr `alder'
    , jǫlstr `alder' [f] \{3\}
    Notes:
    \{1\} In Russian dialects there are apparently also forms with a vocalized medial jer, e.g. elóxa (Kostr.), alëx (Voron.), olëx (Rjaz.) `alder' (cf. Popowska-Taborska 1984: 39). \{2\} The form with e- is actually reflected as àlksna (Bersohn, E. Latvia) (M-E: s.v.). \{3\} From * aluz- and * elustrō (< * elastrō?), respectively.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > elьxa

  • 10 vodà

    vodà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `water'
    Old Church Slavic:
    voda `water' [f ā]
    Russian:
    vodá `water' [f ā], vódu [Accs]
    Czech:
    voda `water' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    voda `water' [f ā]
    Polish:
    woda `water' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    vòda `water' [f ā], vȍdu [Accs];
    Čak. vodȁ (Vrgada, Novi, Hvar) `water' [f ā], vȍdu [Accs];
    Čak. vodȁ (Orbanići) `water' [f ā], vȍdo [Accs]
    Slovene:
    vóda `water' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    vodá `water' [f ā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: u̯ondōr
    Lithuanian:
    vanduõ `water' [m n] 3a
    Latvian:
    ûdens `water' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    wundan `water';
    unds `water'
    Indo-European reconstruction: The origin of *vodà is the heteroclitic noun *uod-r/n- `water'. The fact that the etymon was not affected by Winter's law calls for an explanation. Kortlandt (1979: 60-61, cf. 1988: 388-389) claims that the vocalism of * voda continues the Gsg. * (v)undnes of a Balto-Slavic noun * vondōr, with a nasal infix originating from a suffix, as in Latv. unda (cf. Thurneysen 1883). The sequence ndn blocked Winter's law (cf. the regular acute in Lith. vanduõ). The vocalism * vod- arose in Proto-Slavic when *un was lowered before a tautosyllabic stop, which development was followed by the dissimilatory loss of the *n (cf. -> * ogn'ь).
    Other cognates:
    Skt. udán- (RV+) `water' [n];
    Hitt. u̯ātar `water' [n], u̯etenas [Gens];
    Gk. ὕδωρ `water' [n];
    Lat. unda `wave' [f];
    Go. wato `water' [n];
    OS watar `water' [n];
    OIc. vatn `water' [n]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vodà

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