reflection

הַשְׂכֵּלm. (b. h.; שָׂכַל) reflection, wisdom. Lev. R. s. 3, end; a. e.Esp. haskel, one of the expressions for hymns (ref. to מַשְׂכִּיל in Psalm inscriptions). Y.Succ.II, 54a top; Y.Meg.I, 72a top; (Pes.117a מַשְׂכִּיל).

עַיִן, עֵינָא, עַיְינָאch. sam( עַיִן f. (b. h.; עוּן) a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of), 1) eye, sight Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. Ex. 22:2. Ib. 10:5; a. fr.Ḥull.96a, a. fr. טביעות ע׳, v. טְבִיעוּתָא.בע׳ (v. preced.) discernible, in natural form. Pes.75a top בְּעֵינֵיה, v. קִיּוּהָא.כְּעֵין, מֵעֵין, v. preced. Targ. Deut. 33:28. Targ. Josh 24:27; a. e.ע׳ בישא (or only ע׳) evil eye. Targ. Y. Gen. 42:5. Ber.20a. Pes.50b שלטא בהו ע׳ the eye controls them (they cannot be hidden from sight; v. Taan.8b, quot. in preced.). B. Mets.30a משום ע׳ (Ms. M. ע׳ בישא) because it attracts the (evil) eye; a. v. fr.Ned.50a the ram (figure-head, v. אֵילָא) דכל ספינתא עבדין ליה מן ע׳ which all ships have attached (as a protection) from the evil eye (and which the losers paid a high price for redeeming; cmp. Sm. Ant. s. v. Insigne) (comment. explain differently).Pl. עֵינִין, עַיְינִין. Targ. Gen. 3:6; a. fr. 2) ring, collar; hole. M. Kat. 10a בת עינא (he cuts out) the hole for the hopper, v. כָּבַש.Pl. as ab. Targ. Hos. 10:10, v. עוֹנָתָא. 3) ( guide, guide-post on cross-roads (only in pl.). Targ. O. Gen. 38:14 פרשות ע׳; ib. 21 ע׳ (ed. Berl. עֵינַיִם, as pr. n. pl.; Y. סכות ע׳). 4) spring, well. Targ. Gen. 16:7; a. fr.Targ. Y. I Ex. 15:27 ענווא (some ed. עניא, read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא).Pl. עַיְינִין, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, עֵינְוָתָא; עֵינָתָא Targ. Y. I, II ib. Targ. 2 Chr. 32:3. Ib. 4 עַיְינָוָתָא. Targ. Y. I Num. 34:9, sq. (טירת) עֵינְוָותָא pr. n. pl. Tirath ‘Envatha (h. text חצר עינן); Targ. Y. II ib. (דירת) עַיְינוּתָא, v. עַיְנוּתָא.Bekh.55a sq. והאיכא עינתא מידליין but are there not springs higher than the Euphrates?

עַיִן, עֵינָא, עַיְינָאch. sam( עַיִן f. (b. h.; עוּן) a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of), 1) eye, sight Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. Ex. 22:2. Ib. 10:5; a. fr.Ḥull.96a, a. fr. טביעות ע׳, v. טְבִיעוּתָא.בע׳ (v. preced.) discernible, in natural form. Pes.75a top בְּעֵינֵיה, v. קִיּוּהָא.כְּעֵין, מֵעֵין, v. preced. Targ. Deut. 33:28. Targ. Josh 24:27; a. e.ע׳ בישא (or only ע׳) evil eye. Targ. Y. Gen. 42:5. Ber.20a. Pes.50b שלטא בהו ע׳ the eye controls them (they cannot be hidden from sight; v. Taan.8b, quot. in preced.). B. Mets.30a משום ע׳ (Ms. M. ע׳ בישא) because it attracts the (evil) eye; a. v. fr.Ned.50a the ram (figure-head, v. אֵילָא) דכל ספינתא עבדין ליה מן ע׳ which all ships have attached (as a protection) from the evil eye (and which the losers paid a high price for redeeming; cmp. Sm. Ant. s. v. Insigne) (comment. explain differently).Pl. עֵינִין, עַיְינִין. Targ. Gen. 3:6; a. fr. 2) ring, collar; hole. M. Kat. 10a בת עינא (he cuts out) the hole for the hopper, v. כָּבַש.Pl. as ab. Targ. Hos. 10:10, v. עוֹנָתָא. 3) ( guide, guide-post on cross-roads (only in pl.). Targ. O. Gen. 38:14 פרשות ע׳; ib. 21 ע׳ (ed. Berl. עֵינַיִם, as pr. n. pl.; Y. סכות ע׳). 4) spring, well. Targ. Gen. 16:7; a. fr.Targ. Y. I Ex. 15:27 ענווא (some ed. עניא, read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא).Pl. עַיְינִין, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, עֵינְוָתָא; עֵינָתָא Targ. Y. I, II ib. Targ. 2 Chr. 32:3. Ib. 4 עַיְינָוָתָא. Targ. Y. I Num. 34:9, sq. (טירת) עֵינְוָותָא pr. n. pl. Tirath ‘Envatha (h. text חצר עינן); Targ. Y. II ib. (דירת) עַיְינוּתָא, v. עַיְנוּתָא.Bekh.55a sq. והאיכא עינתא מידליין but are there not springs higher than the Euphrates?

עַיִן, עֵינָא, עַיְינָאch. sam( עַיִן f. (b. h.; עוּן) a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of), 1) eye, sight Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. Ex. 22:2. Ib. 10:5; a. fr.Ḥull.96a, a. fr. טביעות ע׳, v. טְבִיעוּתָא.בע׳ (v. preced.) discernible, in natural form. Pes.75a top בְּעֵינֵיה, v. קִיּוּהָא.כְּעֵין, מֵעֵין, v. preced. Targ. Deut. 33:28. Targ. Josh 24:27; a. e.ע׳ בישא (or only ע׳) evil eye. Targ. Y. Gen. 42:5. Ber.20a. Pes.50b שלטא בהו ע׳ the eye controls them (they cannot be hidden from sight; v. Taan.8b, quot. in preced.). B. Mets.30a משום ע׳ (Ms. M. ע׳ בישא) because it attracts the (evil) eye; a. v. fr.Ned.50a the ram (figure-head, v. אֵילָא) דכל ספינתא עבדין ליה מן ע׳ which all ships have attached (as a protection) from the evil eye (and which the losers paid a high price for redeeming; cmp. Sm. Ant. s. v. Insigne) (comment. explain differently).Pl. עֵינִין, עַיְינִין. Targ. Gen. 3:6; a. fr. 2) ring, collar; hole. M. Kat. 10a בת עינא (he cuts out) the hole for the hopper, v. כָּבַש.Pl. as ab. Targ. Hos. 10:10, v. עוֹנָתָא. 3) ( guide, guide-post on cross-roads (only in pl.). Targ. O. Gen. 38:14 פרשות ע׳; ib. 21 ע׳ (ed. Berl. עֵינַיִם, as pr. n. pl.; Y. סכות ע׳). 4) spring, well. Targ. Gen. 16:7; a. fr.Targ. Y. I Ex. 15:27 ענווא (some ed. עניא, read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא).Pl. עַיְינִין, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, עֵינְוָתָא; עֵינָתָא Targ. Y. I, II ib. Targ. 2 Chr. 32:3. Ib. 4 עַיְינָוָתָא. Targ. Y. I Num. 34:9, sq. (טירת) עֵינְוָותָא pr. n. pl. Tirath ‘Envatha (h. text חצר עינן); Targ. Y. II ib. (דירת) עַיְינוּתָא, v. עַיְנוּתָא.Bekh.55a sq. והאיכא עינתא מידליין but are there not springs higher than the Euphrates?

עַיִן, עֵינָא, עַיְינָאch. sam( עַיִן f. (b. h.; עוּן) a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of), 1) eye, sight Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. Ex. 22:2. Ib. 10:5; a. fr.Ḥull.96a, a. fr. טביעות ע׳, v. טְבִיעוּתָא.בע׳ (v. preced.) discernible, in natural form. Pes.75a top בְּעֵינֵיה, v. קִיּוּהָא.כְּעֵין, מֵעֵין, v. preced. Targ. Deut. 33:28. Targ. Josh 24:27; a. e.ע׳ בישא (or only ע׳) evil eye. Targ. Y. Gen. 42:5. Ber.20a. Pes.50b שלטא בהו ע׳ the eye controls them (they cannot be hidden from sight; v. Taan.8b, quot. in preced.). B. Mets.30a משום ע׳ (Ms. M. ע׳ בישא) because it attracts the (evil) eye; a. v. fr.Ned.50a the ram (figure-head, v. אֵילָא) דכל ספינתא עבדין ליה מן ע׳ which all ships have attached (as a protection) from the evil eye (and which the losers paid a high price for redeeming; cmp. Sm. Ant. s. v. Insigne) (comment. explain differently).Pl. עֵינִין, עַיְינִין. Targ. Gen. 3:6; a. fr. 2) ring, collar; hole. M. Kat. 10a בת עינא (he cuts out) the hole for the hopper, v. כָּבַש.Pl. as ab. Targ. Hos. 10:10, v. עוֹנָתָא. 3) ( guide, guide-post on cross-roads (only in pl.). Targ. O. Gen. 38:14 פרשות ע׳; ib. 21 ע׳ (ed. Berl. עֵינַיִם, as pr. n. pl.; Y. סכות ע׳). 4) spring, well. Targ. Gen. 16:7; a. fr.Targ. Y. I Ex. 15:27 ענווא (some ed. עניא, read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא).Pl. עַיְינִין, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, עֵינְוָתָא; עֵינָתָא Targ. Y. I, II ib. Targ. 2 Chr. 32:3. Ib. 4 עַיְינָוָתָא. Targ. Y. I Num. 34:9, sq. (טירת) עֵינְוָותָא pr. n. pl. Tirath ‘Envatha (h. text חצר עינן); Targ. Y. II ib. (דירת) עַיְינוּתָא, v. עַיְנוּתָא.Bekh.55a sq. והאיכא עינתא מידליין but are there not springs higher than the Euphrates?

עַיִן, עֵינָא, עַיְינָאch. sam( עַיִן f. (b. h.; עוּן) a reflection of, of the nature of; an abstract of), 1) eye, sight Targ. Lev. 24:20. Targ. O. Ex. 22:2. Ib. 10:5; a. fr.Ḥull.96a, a. fr. טביעות ע׳, v. טְבִיעוּתָא.בע׳ (v. preced.) discernible, in natural form. Pes.75a top בְּעֵינֵיה, v. קִיּוּהָא.כְּעֵין, מֵעֵין, v. preced. Targ. Deut. 33:28. Targ. Josh 24:27; a. e.ע׳ בישא (or only ע׳) evil eye. Targ. Y. Gen. 42:5. Ber.20a. Pes.50b שלטא בהו ע׳ the eye controls them (they cannot be hidden from sight; v. Taan.8b, quot. in preced.). B. Mets.30a משום ע׳ (Ms. M. ע׳ בישא) because it attracts the (evil) eye; a. v. fr.Ned.50a the ram (figure-head, v. אֵילָא) דכל ספינתא עבדין ליה מן ע׳ which all ships have attached (as a protection) from the evil eye (and which the losers paid a high price for redeeming; cmp. Sm. Ant. s. v. Insigne) (comment. explain differently).Pl. עֵינִין, עַיְינִין. Targ. Gen. 3:6; a. fr. 2) ring, collar; hole. M. Kat. 10a בת עינא (he cuts out) the hole for the hopper, v. כָּבַש.Pl. as ab. Targ. Hos. 10:10, v. עוֹנָתָא. 3) ( guide, guide-post on cross-roads (only in pl.). Targ. O. Gen. 38:14 פרשות ע׳; ib. 21 ע׳ (ed. Berl. עֵינַיִם, as pr. n. pl.; Y. סכות ע׳). 4) spring, well. Targ. Gen. 16:7; a. fr.Targ. Y. I Ex. 15:27 ענווא (some ed. עניא, read: עֵינָא or עַיְינָא).Pl. עַיְינִין, עֵינָוָון, עֵינָוָן, עֵינְוָתָא; עֵינָתָא Targ. Y. I, II ib. Targ. 2 Chr. 32:3. Ib. 4 עַיְינָוָתָא. Targ. Y. I Num. 34:9, sq. (טירת) עֵינְוָותָא pr. n. pl. Tirath ‘Envatha (h. text חצר עינן); Targ. Y. II ib. (דירת) עַיְינוּתָא, v. עַיְנוּתָא.Bekh.55a sq. והאיכא עינתא מידליין but are there not springs higher than the Euphrates?

עָמוֹקm., עֲמוּקָּה f. (b. h. עָמֹק; עָמַק) deep, low; (of color) light-shaded (which in the perspective looks lower, while the darker shade appears to protrude). Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. I מה לשון עמוק עמוקה כמראה החמה שהם עמוקים מן הצל what does ‘deep (Lev. 13:2, sq.) mean? A depression, like the sun-lit spots (in a painting), which have the semblance of being deeper than the shaded spots (which appear to be raised); Ḥull.63a כמראה חמה העמוקה מן הצל; Tosef.Neg.I, 5 מראה ע׳ שבהן כמראה חמה בצל the lower shade among them is like the reflection of light on a shaded spot. Y.Succ.III, 53d (expl. אדמדם שבאדומים) זהורית ע׳ ‘low (light) crimson. Men.V, 8, a. e. מרחשת ע׳ marḥesheth is a deep pan, v. מַחֲבַת; a. fr.Pl. עֲמוּקִּים, עֲמוּקִּין; עֲמוּקּוֹת. Sifra l. c.; a. e.עֲמוּקָּה f. (as a noun) depression. Ib.

עָמוֹקm., עֲמוּקָּה f. (b. h. עָמֹק; עָמַק) deep, low; (of color) light-shaded (which in the perspective looks lower, while the darker shade appears to protrude). Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. I מה לשון עמוק עמוקה כמראה החמה שהם עמוקים מן הצל what does ‘deep (Lev. 13:2, sq.) mean? A depression, like the sun-lit spots (in a painting), which have the semblance of being deeper than the shaded spots (which appear to be raised); Ḥull.63a כמראה חמה העמוקה מן הצל; Tosef.Neg.I, 5 מראה ע׳ שבהן כמראה חמה בצל the lower shade among them is like the reflection of light on a shaded spot. Y.Succ.III, 53d (expl. אדמדם שבאדומים) זהורית ע׳ ‘low (light) crimson. Men.V, 8, a. e. מרחשת ע׳ marḥesheth is a deep pan, v. מַחֲבַת; a. fr.Pl. עֲמוּקִּים, עֲמוּקִּין; עֲמוּקּוֹת. Sifra l. c.; a. e.עֲמוּקָּה f. (as a noun) depression. Ib.

עֲשָׁשִׁיתf. (v. אָשַׁש a. עֶשֶׁת) 1) ע׳ של ברזל wrought iron, bar, ball.Pl. עֲשָׁשִׁיּוֹת. Yoma 34b ע׳ של ברזלוכ׳ lumps of wrought iron were heated for the high priest on the eve of the Day of Atonement; Tosef. ib. I, 20 (Var. עששית); Y. ib. III, 40c עֲשָׁשוֹת. Ab. Zar.16a אין מוכרין להם ע׳וכ׳ we must not sell them (the Romans) iron bars, … because they forge arms out of them (expl. פרזלא הינרואה, v. הִינְדָּוָא). Snh.108b יש לנו ע׳וכ׳ we have iron plates with which we can pave the ground (to prevent water coming up). 2) (v. אֶשֶׁש) glass ball, crystal, reflector, lantern. Ber.25b בע׳ covered with a translucent substance. Ib. 53a ע׳ שהיתה דולקתוכ׳ a lantern which has been burning the whole day (of the Sabbath); Y. ib. VI, 12b bot. R. Hash. 24a ראינוהו בע׳ we have seen the reflection of the moon in a crystal, v. אֶשֶׁש; a. e.Pl. as ab. Sabb.154b היתה בהמתו … וע׳ if his beast is laden with … glass lumps, expl. ib. בבולסא, v. בּוּלְסָא.

עֲשָׁשִׁיתf. (v. אָשַׁש a. עֶשֶׁת) 1) ע׳ של ברזל wrought iron, bar, ball.Pl. עֲשָׁשִׁיּוֹת. Yoma 34b ע׳ של ברזלוכ׳ lumps of wrought iron were heated for the high priest on the eve of the Day of Atonement; Tosef. ib. I, 20 (Var. עששית); Y. ib. III, 40c עֲשָׁשוֹת. Ab. Zar.16a אין מוכרין להם ע׳וכ׳ we must not sell them (the Romans) iron bars, … because they forge arms out of them (expl. פרזלא הינרואה, v. הִינְדָּוָא). Snh.108b יש לנו ע׳וכ׳ we have iron plates with which we can pave the ground (to prevent water coming up). 2) (v. אֶשֶׁש) glass ball, crystal, reflector, lantern. Ber.25b בע׳ covered with a translucent substance. Ib. 53a ע׳ שהיתה דולקתוכ׳ a lantern which has been burning the whole day (of the Sabbath); Y. ib. VI, 12b bot. R. Hash. 24a ראינוהו בע׳ we have seen the reflection of the moon in a crystal, v. אֶשֶׁש; a. e.Pl. as ab. Sabb.154b היתה בהמתו … וע׳ if his beast is laden with … glass lumps, expl. ib. בבולסא, v. בּוּלְסָא.

פְּגָםm. (preced. wds.) 1) injury, deterioration; blemish, discredit. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 5 פ׳ הוא לאשה it is discreditable to a woman (to be showy). Y.B. Kam.VIII, end, 6c; Bab. ib. 93a משום פְּגַם משפחה because it is a discredit to the entire family. Gitt.59b משום פְּגָמוֹ של ראשין because it might cast a reflection on his predecessor (making it appear as if he were not a legitimate priest); משום פ׳ שניהם because it reflects on both of them. Sot.41a משום פגמו של ראשון because it discredits the scroll first used (as if it had been found unfit for reading in it). Sifré Num. 92 דברי פ׳ criticising words, opp. דברי שבח. Yalk. Ps. 846 ע״א קרויה לשם פְּגָמָהּוכ׳ a heathen deity is named with an opprobrious epithet, as ḥerem, shekets, opp. לשם שבח; a. fr.נותן טעם לפ׳, v. טַעַם. Cant. R. to VII, 8 (in Chald. dict.) אנן בעינן נתן ביה פ׳וכ׳ we desire to discredit him (the idol), by being there and not bowing to him Snh.73b פִּיגְמָהּ (from פֶּגֶם), v. פְּגִימָה. 2) indemnity for deterioration in value or social standing, to be paid to a seduced or outraged girl. Keth.III, 4 המפתה נותן בושת ופ׳ וקנס the seducer must pay an indemnity for exposure to shame and for loss of value, and a fine besides. Ib. 7 פ׳ רואין אותהוכ׳ as to indemnity for loss of value, we estimate her as if she were a handmaid to be sold 3) (v. פְּגִימָה) the decrease of the moon; trnsf. decline. Pesik. R. s. 15 (ref. to Ps. 89:38) כהדין סיהרא … אתם מונין לפְגָמוֹ like the moon: if you do good, you shall count by its fulness (by referring to your political ascendancy); if not, you shall count by its decrease (by the symptoms of decline); Pesik. Haḥod., p. 53a> לפְגָמָהּ; v. next w.

פְּגָםm. (preced. wds.) 1) injury, deterioration; blemish, discredit. Tanḥ. Vayishl. 5 פ׳ הוא לאשה it is discreditable to a woman (to be showy). Y.B. Kam.VIII, end, 6c; Bab. ib. 93a משום פְּגַם משפחה because it is a discredit to the entire family. Gitt.59b משום פְּגָמוֹ של ראשין because it might cast a reflection on his predecessor (making it appear as if he were not a legitimate priest); משום פ׳ שניהם because it reflects on both of them. Sot.41a משום פגמו של ראשון because it discredits the scroll first used (as if it had been found unfit for reading in it). Sifré Num. 92 דברי פ׳ criticising words, opp. דברי שבח. Yalk. Ps. 846 ע״א קרויה לשם פְּגָמָהּוכ׳ a heathen deity is named with an opprobrious epithet, as ḥerem, shekets, opp. לשם שבח; a. fr.נותן טעם לפ׳, v. טַעַם. Cant. R. to VII, 8 (in Chald. dict.) אנן בעינן נתן ביה פ׳וכ׳ we desire to discredit him (the idol), by being there and not bowing to him Snh.73b פִּיגְמָהּ (from פֶּגֶם), v. פְּגִימָה. 2) indemnity for deterioration in value or social standing, to be paid to a seduced or outraged girl. Keth.III, 4 המפתה נותן בושת ופ׳ וקנס the seducer must pay an indemnity for exposure to shame and for loss of value, and a fine besides. Ib. 7 פ׳ רואין אותהוכ׳ as to indemnity for loss of value, we estimate her as if she were a handmaid to be sold 3) (v. פְּגִימָה) the decrease of the moon; trnsf. decline. Pesik. R. s. 15 (ref. to Ps. 89:38) כהדין סיהרא … אתם מונין לפְגָמוֹ like the moon: if you do good, you shall count by its fulness (by referring to your political ascendancy); if not, you shall count by its decrease (by the symptoms of decline); Pesik. Haḥod., p. 53a> לפְגָמָהּ; v. next w.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

פָּתַח(b. h.) 1) to open, begin. Y.Ber.VI, end, 10d על כל … שהיה פוֹתֵהַוכ׳ over each cask as he opened it he said the benediction Sabb.104a, a. e. פּוֹתְחִין לו (Var. פְּתָחִין), v. טָמֵא I. Ib. 48a מתירין … אבל לא פותחין you may untie the neck-hole of a shirt, but not cut it open (on the Sabbath). Y.Taan.I, 64b top (ref. to Is. 45:8) כנקבה … פוֹתַחַתוכ׳ like the female that opens for the male. Ned.III, 4 לא יִפְתַּח לו בנדר he must not begin (offer his willingness) to make a vow (in order to escape robbery, v. נָדַר); a. v. fr.Part. pass. פָּתוּחַ; פְּתוּחָה; pl. פְּתוּחִים, פְּתוּחִין, פְּתוּחוֹת. Yeb.71b, a. e. נסתם הפ׳, v. סָתַם. Snh.94a, v. סָהֵם (v. מנצפ״ך). Meg.3a, פ׳ באמצע, v. סָתַם. Erub.IV, 6 שלש חצירות הפ׳ זו לזו ופ׳וכ׳ three courts opening into (communicating with) one another and into the public road; a. v. fr. פתה פתוח, v. פֶּתַח.Esp. (פרשה) פְּתוּחָה a paragraph in the Torah beginning with a new, indented line, opp. סתומה. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזהו פ׳ כל שלאוכ׳ what is an open paragraph? Such as does not begin at the beginning of a line, וכמה … ותהא נקראת פ׳ and how much space must one leave … for a paragraph to be called open?; a. fr.Trnsf. (to open the door to,) to introduce (into learning). Y.M. Kat. III, 83b top איזהו רבו כל שפ׳ לו תחלה who is called ones (special) teacher? He who was the first to initiate him; a. e.Esp. to open an opportunity for retracting a vow, to suggest reasons which, if known at the time, would have prevented the person from making the vow, v. חֲרָטָה. Ned.IX, 1 פותחין לאדם בכביךוכ׳ the judges offer suggestions taken from the respect due to parents (saying, if you had known that this vow cast a reflection on your father). Ib. רִפְתְּחוּ לו בכבוד המקים why not suggest to him the reverence due to the Lord (‘if you had known that he who makes a vow is considered an evil-doer)? Ib. 4 פותחין לו מן הכתובוכ׳ we offer suggestions to him from what is written in the Law, saying to him, if you had known that (in fulfilling that vow) you would transgress the law forbidding revenge ; a. fr.B. Kam.27a פ׳ בכד וסיים בחבית the Mishnah begins with kad and closes with ḥabith! Ber.10a פ׳ בה באשריוכ׳ v. סוּם I h. Gen. R. s. 84 אתה פָתֵחְתָּ תחלה בהצלתוכ׳ thou wast the first man to speak of saving life; אתה פתחת בתשובהוכ׳ thou wast the first to do repentance, … one of thy descendants shall rise and be the first (prophet) to call for repentance; a. fr.Esp. to open a lecture with a (Biblical) text. Pesik. Aḥăré, p. 170a> ר׳ לוי פ׳וכ׳ R. Levi took up the text (Ps. 75:5) Gen. R. s. 1; a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 33 (an editorial gloss) פ׳ בכל אלו הפרשיות the author takes his texts from all those (quoted) passages. 2) to explain, speak plainly. Shek. V, 1; Men.65a (ref. to פתחיה as identical with מרדכי) he was named Pethahia, שהיה פותח דברים ודורשןוכ׳ (not בדברים) because he explained words and interpreted them (etymologically) and knew seventy languages.Part. pass. as ab. Sifré Aḥăré, beg., v. סָתַם. Nif. נִפְתַּח 1) to be opened. Yeb.71b, a. e., v. סָתַם. R. Hash. 16b שלשה … נִפְתָּחִין בר״ה three books are opened (for recording) on the New Years Day. B. Bath. 125b, v. סוּם I, Nithpa. Pesik. R. l. c. להִיפָּתֵחַ to have ones bowels opened, v. פְּסִיעָה; a. fr.Ib. (editorial gloss) ונ׳ עוד שם בפרשתוכ׳ and furthermore this section (Is. 61:1) was used as the opening text; a. fr.Esp. to have ones eyes opened, to become seeing. Pesik. R. s. 42 בשילדה שדה כל סומא … נ׳ when Sarah gave birth, every blind person in the world was restored to sight; a. e. Pi. פִּיתֵּהֵ 1) to open. Ib. פי׳ הפילקיות he opened the prisons. Par. III, 8 ועושין … ומְפַתְּחִין בה חלונות they piled wood in the shape of a tower and opened windows in it. Zeb.88b רימונים שלא פִיתְּחוּ פיהן (Ms. K. a. R. 2 נִפְתְּהוּ; Ms. R. 1 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 5) pomegranates which have not yet burst open; a. e. 2) to engrave. Y.Ab. Zar. III, 43b Pl. פי׳ בה פיתוחים if he cut designs into it. 3) to dig, break ground. Pirké dR. El. ch. XXVIII; Gen. R. s. 76 כשיצמד … יְפַתְּחוּ וישדדווכ׳ when an ox and a cow are harnessed together, they will break and harrow all valleys. Hithpa. הִתְפַּתֵּחַ, Nithpa. נִתְפַּתֵּחַ 1) to be opened, v. supra. Pesik. R. s. 31 נִתְפַּתְּחוּ בדם they (their cavities) were opened with (discharged) blood; a. e. 2) to be cut into, graven. Tosef.Sot.XV, 1; Y. ib. IX, 24b וכיון … היו מִתְפַּתְּחוֹת לפניווכ׳ and when they let it (the Shamir, v. שָׁמִיר) look at the stones, they were engraven before it like the (wax-covered) tablets Y.Kil.VII, beg.30d מתפתחת R. S. to Kil. VIII, 1, v. פִּתְפֵּת.

פֶּתַחm. (b. h.; פָּתַח) opening, door, gate. Keth.IV, 3 (ref. to Deut. 22:21) אין לה לא פ׳ בית האבוכ׳ if she (the faithless betrothed) has no paternal house door. Y.Sabb.VII, 9c top ניכר הוא … על פִּיתְחָהּ של תירה it can; be seen that this man has never passed the gate of the Law (never studied). Koh. R. to III, 11 זה הפ׳ פתוח עד התהום this gate (verse used as introductory text, v. פָּתַח) opens to the deep, i. e. leads to deep reflection. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to פתח עינים, Gen. 38:14) תלה עיניה בפ׳ שכל העיניםוכ׳ she lifted up her eyes to the gate to which all eyes are directed (she prayed to the Lord). Ib. s. 38 פתח … פ׳ של תשובה the Lord opened to them the gate of repentance; a. fr.Euphem. פ׳ פָּתוּחַ absence of virginity Keth.9b טענת פ׳ פ׳, contrad. to טענת דמים, v. דָּם. Ib. a ופ׳ פ׳ כשני עדים דמי and the husbands statement that lie found ‘the gate open is like a statement of two witnesses (to make her forbidden to him as a faithless betrothed); a. fr.Trnsf. a) an opening for retracting a vow, a suggestion, v. פָּתַח. Gen. R. s. 91 למאה … מצא להם פ׳ for one hundred and fifty Nazarites he found causes for absolution; a. fr.b) the starting time of menstruation. Arakh.II, 1 אין פ׳ בטועהוכ׳ for a woman that has lost the account of a prolonged flux, there is no new starting point within either less than seven or more than seventeen days. Ib. 8a פִּתְחָהּ שבעה עשר her sure starting point is after seventeen days; a. fr.Pl. פְּתָחִים, פְּתָחִין. B. Bath.IX, 1 ישאלו על הפ׳ let them go begging at the doors; Keth.XIII, 3 יחזרו על הפ׳. Cant. R. to V, 2 פתחו לי פתח … ואני פותח לכם פ׳וכ׳ make for me one opening for return as wide as the point of a needle, and I shall open for you gates through which wagons and coaches can pass; a. fr.Ab. III, 18 פִּתְחֵי נדה the calculations concerning starting points of menstruants (v. supra).

פֶּתַחm. (b. h.; פָּתַח) opening, door, gate. Keth.IV, 3 (ref. to Deut. 22:21) אין לה לא פ׳ בית האבוכ׳ if she (the faithless betrothed) has no paternal house door. Y.Sabb.VII, 9c top ניכר הוא … על פִּיתְחָהּ של תירה it can; be seen that this man has never passed the gate of the Law (never studied). Koh. R. to III, 11 זה הפ׳ פתוח עד התהום this gate (verse used as introductory text, v. פָּתַח) opens to the deep, i. e. leads to deep reflection. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to פתח עינים, Gen. 38:14) תלה עיניה בפ׳ שכל העיניםוכ׳ she lifted up her eyes to the gate to which all eyes are directed (she prayed to the Lord). Ib. s. 38 פתח … פ׳ של תשובה the Lord opened to them the gate of repentance; a. fr.Euphem. פ׳ פָּתוּחַ absence of virginity Keth.9b טענת פ׳ פ׳, contrad. to טענת דמים, v. דָּם. Ib. a ופ׳ פ׳ כשני עדים דמי and the husbands statement that lie found ‘the gate open is like a statement of two witnesses (to make her forbidden to him as a faithless betrothed); a. fr.Trnsf. a) an opening for retracting a vow, a suggestion, v. פָּתַח. Gen. R. s. 91 למאה … מצא להם פ׳ for one hundred and fifty Nazarites he found causes for absolution; a. fr.b) the starting time of menstruation. Arakh.II, 1 אין פ׳ בטועהוכ׳ for a woman that has lost the account of a prolonged flux, there is no new starting point within either less than seven or more than seventeen days. Ib. 8a פִּתְחָהּ שבעה עשר her sure starting point is after seventeen days; a. fr.Pl. פְּתָחִים, פְּתָחִין. B. Bath.IX, 1 ישאלו על הפ׳ let them go begging at the doors; Keth.XIII, 3 יחזרו על הפ׳. Cant. R. to V, 2 פתחו לי פתח … ואני פותח לכם פ׳וכ׳ make for me one opening for return as wide as the point of a needle, and I shall open for you gates through which wagons and coaches can pass; a. fr.Ab. III, 18 פִּתְחֵי נדה the calculations concerning starting points of menstruants (v. supra).