-
21 causa (caussa)
causa (caussa) ae, f [1 CAV-], a cause, reason, motive, inducement, occasion, opportunity: te causae inpellebant leves, T.: obscura: accedit illa quoque causa: causa, quam ob rem, etc., T.: satis esse causa, quā re, etc., Cs.: si causa nulla est, cur, etc.: causa quod, etc.: ea est causa, ut cloacae subeant, etc., L.: quid causae est quin: nulla causa est quin: causa quo minus, S.: is, qui causa mortis fuit: morbi, V.: nos causa belli sumus, L.: rerum cognoscere causas, V.: Vera obiurgandi causa, T.—Poet.: Bacchus et ad culpam causas dedit (i. e. culparum causa fuit), V.: consurgere in arma, V.: quae rebus sit causa novandis, V.: meo subscribi causa sepulchro, i. e. of my death, O. — In phrases: cum causā, with good reason: sine causā, without good reason: sine ullā apertā causā: his de causis, Cs.: quā de causā: quā ex causa: eā causā, S.: ob eam causam, Cs.: ob eam ipsam causam: quam ob causam, N.: propter eam quam dixi causam: in causā haec sunt, are responsible: vim morbi in causā esse, quo, etc., L.: non paucitatem... causae fuisse cogitabant, to have been the cause, Cs.—Esp., abl. with gen. or possess. adj., on account of, for the sake of: alqm honoris causā nominare, with due respect: omnium nostrum causā: vitandae suspitionis causā: meā causā, T.: meāpte causā, T.: vestrā reique p. causā: vestrarum sedum templorumque causā; cf. quod illi semper sui causā fecerant: additur illius hoc iam causā, quicum agitur.—Meton., an apology, excuse: non causam dico quin ferat, etc., T.: causas nequiquam nectis inanīs, V.—Poet.: Et geminas, causam lacrimis, sacraverat aras, i. e. a place to weep, V.—A feigned cause, pretext, pretence: fingit causas ne det, T.: morae causas facere, reasons for the delay, S.: causas innecte morandi, V.: inferre causam, Cs.: bellandi, N.: per causam exercendorum remigum, under the pretext, Cs.: per causam renovati belli, L.: gratiam per hanc causam conciliare.—In law, a cause, judicial process, lawsuit: causam agere: publicam dicere: proferre: perdere: tenere, O.: causae actor accessi: causam dicere, to defend (oneself or as advocate): linguam causis acuere, for pleading, H.: extra causam esse, not to the point: plura extra causam dixisse: atque peracta est causa prior, i. e. the hearing before the decision, O.—A side, party, faction, cause: condemnare causam illam: et causam et hominem probare, Cs.: publica, the common weal, O.—A relation of friendship, connection: omnes causae et necessitudines veteres: quae mihi sit causa cum Caesare. —A condition, state, situation, relation, position: num enim aliā in causā M. Cato fuit, aliā ceteri, etc.: in eādem causā fuerunt, Cs.: in meliore causā. — A commission, business undertaken, employment: cui senatus dederat publice causam, ut mihi gratias ageret: super tali causā eodem missi, N.—In rhet., a concrete question, case for discussion. -
22 magis
magis adv. comp. [1 MAC-], more, in a higher degree, more completely.—With adjj.: magis iuris consultus quam iustitiae: beatus, H.: vis magis necessaria recte ad vivendum: magis verum atque hoc responsum, T.—With advv.: magis aperte, T.: magis inpense, T.—With verbs: magis honorem tribuere quam salutem accipere, Cs.: tum magis id diceres, Fanni, si, etc.: quod magis vellem evenire (i. e. mallem), T.: magis Pugnas bibit volgus, is more eager for, H.: magis aedilis fieri non potuisset, better.—With abl: videntur omnes errasse, sed alius alio magis, in different degrees: alii aliis magis recusare, L.: quid philosophiā magis colendum?: quā fluvius solito magis inundaverat, L.: hac magis illam petere (i. e. quam hanc), H.: magis solito incauti, L.—In phrases, with negatives: ius apud eos non legibus magis quam naturā valebat, as much by natural disposition, etc., S.: nec magis dolo capi quam armis vinci posse, just as little, L.: domus erat non domino magis ornamento quam civitati, i. e. just as much to the city as to its owner: animus in morbo non magis est sanus quam corpus, i. e. is just as far from being sound: hoc non pro Lysone magis quam pro omnibus scribere, i. e. less than: hunc ego me Non magis esse velim, quam vivere, etc., H.—With abl. of difference: illud ad me, ac multo etiam magis ad vos, far more: quanto ille plura miscebat, tanto hic magis convalescebat: eoque magis, quod, etc.: hoc vero magis properare Varro, ut, etc., Cs.: aliud (malum) multo tremendum magis, V.: deus paulo magis adfabre factus: nihilo magis descendere, Cs.—With adv. of degree: nihilo minus... haud scio an magis etiam, even more: Tam magis illa fremens... Quam magis crudescunt pugnae (i. e. eo magis... quo magis), V.: magis magisque in dies, more and more, S.: cottidie magis magisque: de Graeciā cottidie magis et magis cogito.—Poet.: magis atque magis, V.— With more cause, more truly, with better reason, rather, in preference: magis ratione quam virtute vicisse, Cs.: timori magis quam religioni consulere, Cs.: amoris magis quam honoris gratiā: corpora magna magis quam firma, L.: Quae poscenti magis gaudeat eripi, H.: neque uti aeterni forent optavit; magis ut, etc., but rather, S.: forma Aut fuit aut visa est: sed fuit illa magis, O.: Non equidem invideo, Miror magis, V.: pernā magis Flagitat (stomachus) refici, H.—In the phrase, magis est, with quod or ut, there is better reason to, etc.: magis est quod gratuler tibi, quam quod te rogem, I have more reason to, etc.: magis est ut ipse moleste ferat, quam ut, etc., he has cause rather.* * *to greater extent, more nearly; rather, instead; more; (forms COMP of an ADJ) -
23 quō
quō adv. and conj. [dat. and abl. of 1 qui]. I. Locat. and abl. uses, of place, only with loci or (poet.) locorum, where, in what place, in what situation: se nescire quo loci esset: sectari, rosa quo locorum moretur, H.—Of time, at which time, on which day, when (sc. tempore or die): extrahere rem in id tempus, quo Baebius venire posset, L. —Fig., of degree of difference, with compp., by what, by as much as, in how great a degree, the: quo maius crimen sit id, hoc maiorem ab eo iniuriam fieri: diligenter attendite quo minus miremini, etc.: quae (tempus et spatium) quo plura sunt eo meliore mente, etc.: quo delictum maius est, eo poena est tardior.—Of cause, for the reason that, because, that, as if: neque eo nunc dies, quo quicquam senserim, T.: non quo libenter male audiam, sed quia, etc.: non eo dico, quo mihi veniat in dubium: est aditus magis eo, ut... habeant, quam quo... desiderent, Cs.: non quo ad rem pertineat.—Of result, by reason of which, wherefore, whereby, so that, and so: quo factum est, ut deterrerentur, etc., N.: multa dicta sunt, quo durior locus est dicendi datus: sed vim morbi in causā esse, quo serius perficeretur, L.—In the phrase, quo minus, so that... not, why... not: per me stetisse, Quo minus haec fierent nuptiae, T.: eisdem de causis, quo minus dimicare vellet, movebatur, Cs.: quo minus admirandum est: quibus stipendia causae essent, quo minus militarent, L.—Of purpose, by means of which, that thereby, in order that: simulant, quo absterreant, T.: Id adiuta me, quo id fiat facilius, T.: nos arma neque contra patriam cepisse, neque quo periculum aliis faceremus, S.: equites... pugnabant, quo se praeferrent, Cs.: quo paratior esse possim: quod quo facilius perspicere possitis: cautum erat, quo ne plus auri haberemus, L.—In the phrase, quo minus, that... not, in order that... not, to prevent: quicquam in his te nuptiis conari, quo fiant minus, to prevent them, T.: aliquid factum esse quo minus iste condemnari posset, to prevent the possibility of his conviction.—Of manner or degree, as, as much as (so. modo): Hermionam Pylades quo Pallada Phoebus amabat, O. II. Dat. uses, of place, to what place? whither? whereto?: quo potissimum infelix adcedam? S.: amandat hominem... quo? quo putatis?: quo evadat vide, T.: locus, quo exercitui aditus non erat, Cs.: vide quo progredior, how far: Quo, quo, scelesti, ruitis, H.— Whither, to what place, to the place to which, and to this point, as far as: in' hinc quo dignu's (sc. ire), go where you belong, T.: quo postea quam ventum est: proficiscar eo, quo me vocat populus: non longius, quam quo telum adici potest, as far as, Cs.: transferrent auspicia quo nefas esset (i. e. ad quos), L.: abire quo terrarum possent, L.—Indef., after si or ne, any whither, to any place, in any direction: si quo publice proficisceris: si quo erat longius prodeundum, Cs.: si quando Romam aliove quo mitterent legatos, L.: vide, sis, ne quo hinc abeas longius, T.—Fig., of end in view, to what end? for what purpose? of what use? wherefore? why?: quo hostem tam sceleratum reserves?: quo me igitur aut ad quae me exempla revocas? to what point: Quo mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti? H.: quo animum intendat facile perspicio: Nescis, quo valeat nummus? what money is good for, H.—Of degree, to what degree, to what extent, how far: quae quo usque tandem patiemini? S.: ne hodie quidem scire, quo amentiae progressi sitis, L.* * *Iwhere, to what place; to what purpose; for which reason, thereforeIIwhither, in what place, where -
24 quod
quod adv. and conj. [ acc n. of 1 qui]. I. As adv., in respect of which, as to what, in what, wherein: quod me accusat, sum extra noxiam, T.: siquid est Quod meā operā opus sit vobis, T.—After est or habeo, introducing that for which reason is given: in viam quod te des, nihil est, there is no necessity for you to, etc.: magis est quod gratuler tibi quam quod te rogem, I have more reason to congratulate, etc.: non est quod multa loquamur, we need not, H.— As to what, in so far as, to the extent that: Epicurus nunc, quod sciam, est ausus, etc.: homo, quod iuvet, curiosus.—In transitions, with a conj. or relat., in view of which, and in fact, but, and yet, accordingly, therefore, now: Quod si ego rescivissem id prius, and had I, etc., T.: tyranni coluntur... quod si forte ceciderant, tum, etc.: quod si regum virtus in pace valeret, S.: quod nisi pugnassem: quod nisi mihi hoc venisset in mentem: quod ut o potius formidine falsā Ludar, V. II. As conj, that, in that: Quid est quod laetus es? i. e. why are you merry, T.: quid istuc est, quod te audio Nescio quid concertasse, etc., what means it, that? etc., T.: quanta est benignitas naturae, quod tam multa gignit: hoc uno praestamus feris, quod conloquimur, etc.: erat illud absurdum, quod non intellegebat: Sin autem pro eo, quod summa res p. temptatur, etc., in view of the fact that, etc.: ad id, quod sua quemque mala cogebant, evocati, etc., aside from the fact that, etc., L. — That, because, since, for: quod viris fortibus honos habitus est, laudo: gaudeo, quod te interpel<*>o: tibi ago gratias, quod me liberas: quod spiratis, indignantur, L.: doluisse se, quod populi R. beneficium sibi extorqueretur, Cs.: falso queritur genus humanum, quod regatur, etc., S.: laudat Africanum, quod fuerit abstinens.—After verbs of saying or omitting, that, the fact that, the remark that, to say that: non tibi obicio, quod hominem spoliasti: accedit, quod delectatur, besides, he takes pleasure: adicite ad haec, quod foedus dedimus, L.: Adde, quod didicisse artīs Emollit mores, O.: pauca loquitur, quod sibi gratia relata non sit, Cs.: ne hoc quidem (dictum est), quod Taurum ipse transisti?: nox testis, quod nequeam lacrimas perferre parentis, V.—Introducing an explanation, in that: commemorat beneficia... quod venerat, etc., Cs.: bene facis, quod me adiuvas, in helping me: fecit humaniter, quod ad me venit: prudenter Romanus fecit, quod abstitit incepto, L.—Introducing a fact for comment, as to the fact that, as respects this that: Tu quod te posterius purges... huius non faciam, T.: quod vero securi percussit filium, videtur, etc.: quod ius civile amplexus es, video quid egeris: respondit; quod castra movisset, persuasum, etc., Cs.; cf. quod sit (Aurora) spectabilis... ego Procrin amabam, i. e. though Aurora be (called) beautiful... I was in love with Procris, O.—Introducing an exception, that, as far as: omnes mihi labores fuere leves, Praeter quam tui carendum quod erat, save that, T.: haec honesta, praeterquam quod nosmet ipsos diligamus, esse expetenda: adverso rumore esse, superquam quod male pugnaverat, not to mention that, L.: Excepto quod, etc., H.: memento te omnia probare, nisi quod verbis aliter utamur: pestilentia incesserat pari clade in Romanos Poenosque, nisi quod fames, etc., L.: tantum quod hominem non nominat, save that.—Introducing a reason (as real), because, since, for, that: idcirco arcessor, quod sensit, etc., T.: filium suum, quod pugnaverat, necari iussit, S.: omnīs (morbos) eā re suscipi, quod ita videatur, etc.: ne me ideo ornes, Quod timui, etc., H.: haec a custodiis loca vocabant, quod non auderent, etc., Cs.: me accusas, non quod tuis rationibus non adsentior, sed quod nullis: magis, quia imperium factum est, quam quod deminutum quicquam sit, L.: Propterea quod amat filius, T.: haec dicta sunt ob eam causam, quod, etc.* * *I IIbecause, as far as, insofar as -
25 ideo
ĭdĕo, adv. [id-eo, i. e. this for this], for that reason, on that account, therefore (class.; esp. freq. in Quint.; cf.: eo, idcirco; ergo, igitur, itaque).I.Relatively.A. (α).With quod:(β).ideo quod plerique deducuntur ad molas,
Varr. R. R. 2, 6, 5:re quidem ipsa ideo mihi non satis facio, quod nullam partem tuorum meritorum consequi possum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 8, 6; so,ideo quod,
id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; id. Att. 3, 14, 2; cf. id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23:ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes, Quod timui, etc.,
Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 26:vel ideo, quod exercere potest utrimque judicium,
Quint. 10, 1, 131; 10, 5, 16.—With quia:(γ).ideo quia uxor ruri est,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 1, 46; id. Men. 1, 1, 2; so,ideo quia, introducing a reason,
Cic. de Off. 1, 30, 110:ut mulieres ideo bene olere quia nihil olebant, videbantur,
Cic. Att. 2, 1, 1:qui ideo felicia bella vestra esse, quia justa sint, prae vobis fertis,
Liv. 45, 22, 5; Cic. Fam. 13, 7, 3:nec medicina ideo non erit ars, quia unctio... cum coquorum ei sit arte communis,
Quint. 2, 21, 11:atque ideo nondum est perfectus orator, non solum quia aliud in alio magis eminet, sed quod non una omnibus forma placuit,
id. 12, 10, 2; id. 9, 2, 69:competit enim actio, non ideo, quia nunc abest, sed quia umquam beneficio furis abfuit,
Dig. 47, 2, 47.—With quoniam: ideo supervacaneum esse contendunt, quoniam comprehensibilis natura est, Cels. praef. med.:B. (α).quae omnia ideo noscenda sunt, quoniam, etc.,
id. 2, 19:immo ideo magis propera, quoniam id nunc aggressus est,
Sen. Ep. 76; Plin. 20, 18, 76, § 200:hoc ideo adjectum est, quoniam multa genera sunt missionum,
Dig. 3, 2, 2.—With ut:(β).quas (alvos) ideo videntur medias facere angustissimas, ut figuram imitentur earum,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 15:ideo C. Claudius Pulcher retulit, ut C. Verres posset auferre?
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 4, § 7:hanc ideo rationem subjecimus, ut, etc.,
id. Inv. 2, 23, 70:neque vero nunc ideo disputabo, quod hunc statum rei publicae non magnopere defendendum putem... sed, ut doceam Rullum, etc.,
id. Agr. 3, 2, 4:quos non ideo excuso, quia non probem, sed ut sint magis admirabiles,
Quint. 10, 7, 31.—With ne:* (γ).an ideo aliquid contra mulieres scripsit, ne, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 106:ideoque decemviros conubium diremisse, ne, etc.,
Liv. 4, 6, 2:non tamen omittenda, vel ideo, ne occupentur,
Quint. 4, 1, 33:nec ideo Rhenum insedimus, ut Italiam tueremur, sed ne quis alius Ariovistus regno Galliarum potiretur,
Tac. H. 4, 73.—With quo:* (δ).quod id ideo facerent, quo facilius deminuerent hostes,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 90 Müll. —With quin:C.non, quin breviter reddi responsum potuerit, non recipi reges, ideo potius delectos patrum ad eum missos, quam, etc., sed ut, etc.,
Liv. 2, 15, 2.—Non ( nec) ideo, with conditional particle si, [p. 878] or referring to an abl. absol.: non, si non potuero indagare, eo ero tardior;II.sed velocior ideo si quivero,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 5 Müll.; id. R. R. 1, 18, 3:vestrae sapientiae est, judices, non, si causa justa est viris fortibus oppugnandi M. Caelium, ideo vobis quoque vos causam putare esse justam, etc.,
Cic. Cael. 9, 21;his et talibus recitatis,... non ideo Thrasea decessit sententia,
Tac. A. 14, 49:si tamen tempestate fuerit abreptus, non ideo minus erit gubernator,
Quint. 2, 17, 24; 5, 11, 34.—Absol. (rare):te velle uxorem aiebat tuo nato dare, Ideo aedificare hoc velle aiebat in tuis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 34: ex illa investigatione naturae consequi volebat, bono ut esset animo. Ideo enim ille summum bonum euthumian appellat, etc., it was for this reason that, etc., Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87:ideo conducta Paulus agebat sardonyche,
Juv. 7, 143: nam ideo dictus eirôn, agens imperitum, Quint. 9, 2, 46:nihil laboras: ideo, cum opus est, nihil habes,
Phaedr. 4, 23, 16; Quint. 5, 10, 2:atque ideo ad Pompeium contendit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 11, 1:me nemo ministro fur erit, atque ideo nulli comes exeo,
Juv. 3, 47; 7, 23; 8, 251 al.; so, ideoque, Quint. prooem. § 9; 25; 1, 4, 19; 1, 5, 42; 1, 6, 22 et saep.; cf.:ideoque et medius ille orationis modus maxime convenit,
id. 6, 2, 19; 7, 4, 13:videbat id sine rege Persarum non posse fieri, ideoque eum amicum sibi cupiebat adjungi,
Nep. Alc. 9, 5:ideoque necesse est, etc.,
Lucr. 4, 490; 495; 678 al.; Suet. Caes. 45; 86 al.:considerandum est, num cui saepius horum aliquid eveniat, neque ideo corporis ulla difficultas subsequatur,
Cels. 2, 2:nec ideo iram ejus lenient = nec tamen ideo,
Tac. A. 1, 12; Verg. G. 2, 96; Suet. Aug. 45:non tamen his ulla umquam opsonia fiunt rancidula, aut ideo pejor gallina secatur,
Juv. 11, 135. -
26 nihil
nĭhil, or (ante-class. and post-Aug.) contr. nīl, n. indecl.; and nĭhĭlum, or contr. nīlum, i, n. [ne-hilum, not the least; v. hilum].I.nĭhil, nothing:(β).nihil est agriculturā melius, nihil uberius,
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151:de re publicā nihil loquebantur,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—Nihil agere, to accomplish nothing:(γ).nil agis,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 134:nihil agis dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:nihil ergo agebat Q. Maximus? nihil L. Paulus? ceteri senes nihil agebant?
id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; Hor. S. 1, 9, 15; Luc. 7, 809; Vell. 2, 66, 3.—In like manner, nihil per aliquem (sc. agere):nihil per Senatum, multa et magna per populum et absente populo et invito,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6; Tac. Agr. 19.—Of persons:(δ).victor, quo nihil erat moderatius,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2:ita tibi persuadeas, mihi te carius nihil fuisse,
id. ib. 14, 3, 5:nihil est tam miserabile, quam ex beato miser,
id. Part. 17, 57; Tac. H. 1, 79; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1.—Nihil, nec.. nec (without destroying the negation):(ε).nihil me nec subterfugere voluisse reticendo, nec obscurare dicendo,
Cic. Clu. 1, 1; v. neque.—Nihil non, everything:(ζ).nihil non ad rationem dirigebat,
Cic. Brut. 37, 140:nihil non arroget armis,
Hor. A. P. 122; Nep. Att. 19, 3.—Non nihil and haud nihil, something, somewhat:(η).non nihil, ut in tantis malis, est profectum,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 2:non nihil me consolatur, cum recordor,
id. ib. 4, 14, 2:haud nihil,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13:haud nihil ambigam,
I may be somewhat in doubt, Liv. 1, 3.—Nihil quidquam or nihil unum, nothing whatever, nothing at all:(θ).nil ego tibi hodie consili quicquam dabo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 113:sine studio nihil quidquam egregium nemo umquam assequetur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134:Rhodiis ut nihil unum insigne, ita omnis generis dona dedit,
Liv. 41, 20, 7:si nihil aliud,
if there were nothing else, id. 3, 19, 7; 30, 35, 8.—With gen.:(ι).nihil mali,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:nihil novi,
id. Fam. 2, 14, 1:nihil humanarum rerum,
id. Red. Quir. 5, 1:nihil est lucri quod me hodie facere mavelim, quam,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 18.—Adjectives also, of the second declension as well as of the third, are not unfrequently joined to nihil in the same case, as nihil honestum, lautum, forte, illustre:nihil exspectatione vestrā dignum dico,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 137.—Nihil, or mhil aliud, with nisi, quam, praeter, praeterquam, etc., nothing else than, nothing except, nothing but:(κ).tu, quantus quantus, nihil nisi sapientia es,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 40:amare nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,
Cic. Lael. 27, 100:si nihil aliud fecerunt, nisi rem detulerunt, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 108:ut nihil aliud, quam de hoste cogitet,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:nihil tibi deest praeter voluntatem,
nothing except, id. Fam. 4, 7, 3:puto te existimare, me ex his miseriis nihil aliud quaerere, nisi ut homines intellegant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 16:qui nihil praeterquam de vitā cogitarent, Auct. B. Alex. 8.—Sometimes, in this connection, elliptically: Herdonius, si nihil aliud, hostem se fatendo prope denuntiavit, ut, etc.,
Liv. 3, 19, 6:si nihil aliud, vulneribus certe ferrum hostile hebetarent,
id. 30, 35, 8:illā quidem nocte nihil praeterquam vigilatum est in urbe,
id. 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 83.—Hence, as adv.: nihil aliud quam, only:nihil aliud quam prendere prohibito,
Liv. 2, 29, 4:is intromissus in castra nihil aliud quam hoc narrāsse fertur,
id. 2, 32, 8:nihil aliud quam in populationibus res fuit,
id. 2, 49, 9 al. —Nihil... quin or quominus, nothing whereby: nihil praetermisi... quin Pompeium a Caesaris conjunctione avocarem, I have omitted nothing that might separate, Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 23:(λ).nihil moror, quominus decemviratu abeam,
Liv. 3, 54:nihil facere oportet, quominus excedat, etc.,
Cels. 3, 27, 4.—Nihil est quod, cur, quamobrem, etc., there is no reason why I ( you, etc.) need not:(μ).nihil est jam, quod tu mihi succenseas,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 46:nihil est, quod adventum nostrum extimescas,
Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 4:sed ego nunc nil est, cur me morer,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 102:nihil est, cur advenientibus te offerre gestias,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 1:nihil excogitem, quamobrem Oppianico damnari necesse sit?
id. Clu. 26, 70.—Nihil est, ut, there is nothing that:(ν).nihil fuit in Catulis, ut eos exquisito judicio putares uti litterarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—Nihil est, it is of no use, to no purpose, in vain:(ο).at ego ab hac puerum reposcam, ne mox infitias eat. Nihil est. Nam ipsa haec ultro, ut factum est, fecit omnem rem palam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 76: at nihil est, ignotum ad illum mittere: operam luseris. id. Capt. 2, 2, 94; Hor. S. 2, 3, 6.—In a question:usque adeo nihil est, quod nostra infantia caelum hausit Aventini?
Juv. 3, 84.—Nihil ad me (sc. pertinet):(π).recte an secus, nihil ad nos: aut si ad nos, nihil ad hoc tempus,
Cic. Pis. 28, 68; cf. Ter. And. 1, 2, 16; also, nihil ad, nothing to, nothing in comparison with:nihil ad Persium,
Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 25; id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:nihil ad tuum equitatum, Caesar, sed ex eis, quos habuit, electos,
id. Deiot. 8, 24.—Nihil minus, nothing less so, i. e. by no means, not at all:(ρ).cadit ergo in virum bonum mentiri, fallere? nihil minus,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81:an Gallos existimatis hic versari animo demisso atque humili? nihil vero minus,
id. Font. 11, 23.—Nihil dum, nothing as yet:(σ).quamquam nihil dum audieramus, nec ubi esses, nec, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 12, 7, 2; id. Att. 7, 12, 4.—Nihil mihi cum illo est, I have nothing to do with him:(τ).tecum nihil rei nobis Demipho est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 74; Ov. F 2, 308.—Nihil esse, to be nothing or nobody, to have no power, to be of no use, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47; id. Fam. 7, 27, 2; 7, 33, 1; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14:(υ).aliquem nihil putare,
to esteem meanly, Cic. Sest. 53, 114 (B. and K. nihili):accepimus eum nihil hominis esse,
a worthless fellow, id. Tusc. 3, 32, 77; but de Attio Dionysio nihil puto esse, nothing about him, i. e. no news of him, id. Fam. 12, 30, 5.—Aut nihil aut paulum, little or nothing (Gr. oligon ê ouden):B.aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna,
Cat. 68, 131.—Adverb.1.Not (as a strengthened non), in nothing, in no respect, not at all:2.me nihil poenitet,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 63; id. Mil. 4, 2, 16:conjecturā nihil opus est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 107; Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:beneficio isto legis nihil utitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 61:de fratre nihil ego te accusavi,
id. Fam. 14, 1, 4:Thebani nihil moti sunt,
Liv. 42, 46; 3, 65; 6, 38; 49; Sall. C. 16, 5:nihil miror,
Quint. 2, 17, 15; 6, 1, 38.—To no purpose, in vain:3.herele hanc quidem Nihil tu amassis: mihi haec desponsa est,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 16.—For no reason: quorsum tandem aut cur ista quaeris? M Nihil sane, nisi ne nimis diligenter anquiras, Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4. —II.nĭhĭlum, i (contr. form nīlum, Lucr. 1, 159; Hor. S. 1, 5, 67), n., nothing:(β).erit aliquid, quod aut ex nihilo oriatur, aut in nihilum subito occidat,
Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37:ut de nihilo quippiam fiat,
id. Fat. 9, 18:interire in nihilum,
id. Ac. 1, 7, 27:venire ad nihilum,
id. Fam. 11, 12, 1:ad nihilum recidere,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 27: quam mihi ista pro nihilol id. Att. 14, 9, 1:aliquid pro nihilo putare,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40.—Nihili, of no value, worthless:(γ).quem putamus esse non hili, dicimus nihili,
Varr. L. L. 10, § 81 Müll.; cf.: nihili, qui nec hili quidem est. Paul. ex Fest. p. 175 Müll.:unde is nihili? ubi fuisti?
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 29: nihili est autem suum Qui officium facere immemor est. id. Ps. 4, 7, 2:homo nihili factus,
unmanned, id. Mil. 5, 16.—Hence, nihili pendere or facere, to esteem as nothing, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Ps. 4, 7, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 14.—De nihilo, for nothing, without cause or reason, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17:(δ).mali rem exempli esse, de nihilo hospites corripi,
Liv. 34, 61; 30, 29.—Nihilo, with compp., by nothing, no: nihilo pluris, quam si, etc., no more than if, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 21:1.nihilo minus,
id. Men. 5, 5, 49:Phaedriae esse nilo minus amicum quam Antiphoni,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 7 (but minus nihilo, less than nothing, id. ib. 3, 3, 2):nihilo benevolentior,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 4:nihilo major,
id. ib. 6, 3, 4:nihilo tamen setius,
Caes. B. G. 5, 4 and 7:nihil segnius,
Liv. 6, 38.—Esp. as adv.: nĭhĭlō mĭnus, or, in one word, nĭhĭlōmĭnus, none the less, no less, nevertheless, notwith standing.In gen.:2.minus dolendum fuit re non perfectā, sed puniendum certe nihilo minus,
Cic. Mil. 7, 19; id. Phil. 5, 9, 26; Quint. 8, 3, 85.—With si, etsi, quamvis, quamquam, ut, etc.:3.in iis rebus, quae nihilo minus, ut ego absim, confici possunt,
Cic. Fam. 10, 2, 2:nihilo minus eloquentiae studendum est, etsi ea quidam perverse abutuntur,
id. Inv. 1, 4, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17:alia sunt, quae quamvis nolit accidere, nihilominus laudat,
Sen. Ep. 66, 44:si nihil fiet, nihilominus, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 39, 2.—Strengthened by tamen:(ε).nihilominus ego hoc faciam tamen,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 10; Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17.—Nihilo aliter, no otherwise:B.ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 45.—Transf., adverb., for non, not, by no means:III.nihilum metuenda timere,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 53. —nīl, nothing, no (rare and mostly poet.;B.in Cic. not at all): nil intra est oleam, nil extra est in nuce durum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 31; id. C. 4, 4, 73:nil sanguinis,
no drop of blood, Ov. M. 13, 266:nil sui,
nothing proper, id. ib. 3, 435; Vulg. Prov. 10, 2 (in Caes. B. G. 5, 29, the true reading is nihil):hoc ridere meum, tam nil, nulla tibi vendo Iliade,
such a trifle, Pers. 1, 122.—Transf. as adv., not at all, by no means:IV.nil opus est verbis,
Lucr. 5, 263:ut nil umor abundet,
id. 5, 265; 1, 266:nil pictis timidus navita puppibus Fidit,
Hor. C. 1, 14, 14.— -
27 nihilo minus
nĭhil, or (ante-class. and post-Aug.) contr. nīl, n. indecl.; and nĭhĭlum, or contr. nīlum, i, n. [ne-hilum, not the least; v. hilum].I.nĭhil, nothing:(β).nihil est agriculturā melius, nihil uberius,
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151:de re publicā nihil loquebantur,
id. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—Nihil agere, to accomplish nothing:(γ).nil agis,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 134:nihil agis dolor! quamvis sis molestus, numquam te esse confitebor malum,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:nihil ergo agebat Q. Maximus? nihil L. Paulus? ceteri senes nihil agebant?
id. Sen. 6, 15; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; Hor. S. 1, 9, 15; Luc. 7, 809; Vell. 2, 66, 3.—In like manner, nihil per aliquem (sc. agere):nihil per Senatum, multa et magna per populum et absente populo et invito,
Cic. Phil. 1, 2, 6; Tac. Agr. 19.—Of persons:(δ).victor, quo nihil erat moderatius,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2:ita tibi persuadeas, mihi te carius nihil fuisse,
id. ib. 14, 3, 5:nihil est tam miserabile, quam ex beato miser,
id. Part. 17, 57; Tac. H. 1, 79; Nep. Alcib. 1, 1.—Nihil, nec.. nec (without destroying the negation):(ε).nihil me nec subterfugere voluisse reticendo, nec obscurare dicendo,
Cic. Clu. 1, 1; v. neque.—Nihil non, everything:(ζ).nihil non ad rationem dirigebat,
Cic. Brut. 37, 140:nihil non arroget armis,
Hor. A. P. 122; Nep. Att. 19, 3.—Non nihil and haud nihil, something, somewhat:(η).non nihil, ut in tantis malis, est profectum,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 2:non nihil me consolatur, cum recordor,
id. ib. 4, 14, 2:haud nihil,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 13:haud nihil ambigam,
I may be somewhat in doubt, Liv. 1, 3.—Nihil quidquam or nihil unum, nothing whatever, nothing at all:(θ).nil ego tibi hodie consili quicquam dabo,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 113:sine studio nihil quidquam egregium nemo umquam assequetur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 30, 134:Rhodiis ut nihil unum insigne, ita omnis generis dona dedit,
Liv. 41, 20, 7:si nihil aliud,
if there were nothing else, id. 3, 19, 7; 30, 35, 8.—With gen.:(ι).nihil mali,
Cic. Att. 8, 4, 2:nihil novi,
id. Fam. 2, 14, 1:nihil humanarum rerum,
id. Red. Quir. 5, 1:nihil est lucri quod me hodie facere mavelim, quam,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 18.—Adjectives also, of the second declension as well as of the third, are not unfrequently joined to nihil in the same case, as nihil honestum, lautum, forte, illustre:nihil exspectatione vestrā dignum dico,
Cic. de Or. 1, 31, 137.—Nihil, or mhil aliud, with nisi, quam, praeter, praeterquam, etc., nothing else than, nothing except, nothing but:(κ).tu, quantus quantus, nihil nisi sapientia es,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 40:amare nihil aliud est, nisi eum ipsum diligere, quem ames,
Cic. Lael. 27, 100:si nihil aliud fecerunt, nisi rem detulerunt, etc.,
id. Rosc. Am. 37, 108:ut nihil aliud, quam de hoste cogitet,
id. Imp. Pomp. 22, 64:nihil tibi deest praeter voluntatem,
nothing except, id. Fam. 4, 7, 3:puto te existimare, me ex his miseriis nihil aliud quaerere, nisi ut homines intellegant, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 16:qui nihil praeterquam de vitā cogitarent, Auct. B. Alex. 8.—Sometimes, in this connection, elliptically: Herdonius, si nihil aliud, hostem se fatendo prope denuntiavit, ut, etc.,
Liv. 3, 19, 6:si nihil aliud, vulneribus certe ferrum hostile hebetarent,
id. 30, 35, 8:illā quidem nocte nihil praeterquam vigilatum est in urbe,
id. 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 83.—Hence, as adv.: nihil aliud quam, only:nihil aliud quam prendere prohibito,
Liv. 2, 29, 4:is intromissus in castra nihil aliud quam hoc narrāsse fertur,
id. 2, 32, 8:nihil aliud quam in populationibus res fuit,
id. 2, 49, 9 al. —Nihil... quin or quominus, nothing whereby: nihil praetermisi... quin Pompeium a Caesaris conjunctione avocarem, I have omitted nothing that might separate, Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 23:(λ).nihil moror, quominus decemviratu abeam,
Liv. 3, 54:nihil facere oportet, quominus excedat, etc.,
Cels. 3, 27, 4.—Nihil est quod, cur, quamobrem, etc., there is no reason why I ( you, etc.) need not:(μ).nihil est jam, quod tu mihi succenseas,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 46:nihil est, quod adventum nostrum extimescas,
Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 4:sed ego nunc nil est, cur me morer,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 102:nihil est, cur advenientibus te offerre gestias,
Cic. Fam. 6, 20, 1:nihil excogitem, quamobrem Oppianico damnari necesse sit?
id. Clu. 26, 70.—Nihil est, ut, there is nothing that:(ν).nihil fuit in Catulis, ut eos exquisito judicio putares uti litterarum,
Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—Nihil est, it is of no use, to no purpose, in vain:(ο).at ego ab hac puerum reposcam, ne mox infitias eat. Nihil est. Nam ipsa haec ultro, ut factum est, fecit omnem rem palam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 76: at nihil est, ignotum ad illum mittere: operam luseris. id. Capt. 2, 2, 94; Hor. S. 2, 3, 6.—In a question:usque adeo nihil est, quod nostra infantia caelum hausit Aventini?
Juv. 3, 84.—Nihil ad me (sc. pertinet):(π).recte an secus, nihil ad nos: aut si ad nos, nihil ad hoc tempus,
Cic. Pis. 28, 68; cf. Ter. And. 1, 2, 16; also, nihil ad, nothing to, nothing in comparison with:nihil ad Persium,
Cic. de Or. 2, 6, 25; id. Leg. 1, 2, 6:nihil ad tuum equitatum, Caesar, sed ex eis, quos habuit, electos,
id. Deiot. 8, 24.—Nihil minus, nothing less so, i. e. by no means, not at all:(ρ).cadit ergo in virum bonum mentiri, fallere? nihil minus,
Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81:an Gallos existimatis hic versari animo demisso atque humili? nihil vero minus,
id. Font. 11, 23.—Nihil dum, nothing as yet:(σ).quamquam nihil dum audieramus, nec ubi esses, nec, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 12, 7, 2; id. Att. 7, 12, 4.—Nihil mihi cum illo est, I have nothing to do with him:(τ).tecum nihil rei nobis Demipho est,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 74; Ov. F 2, 308.—Nihil esse, to be nothing or nobody, to have no power, to be of no use, Cic. Div. in Caecil. 14, 47; id. Fam. 7, 27, 2; 7, 33, 1; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14:(υ).aliquem nihil putare,
to esteem meanly, Cic. Sest. 53, 114 (B. and K. nihili):accepimus eum nihil hominis esse,
a worthless fellow, id. Tusc. 3, 32, 77; but de Attio Dionysio nihil puto esse, nothing about him, i. e. no news of him, id. Fam. 12, 30, 5.—Aut nihil aut paulum, little or nothing (Gr. oligon ê ouden):B.aut nihil aut paulo cui tum concedere digna,
Cat. 68, 131.—Adverb.1.Not (as a strengthened non), in nothing, in no respect, not at all:2.me nihil poenitet,
Plaut. Bacch. 5, 2, 63; id. Mil. 4, 2, 16:conjecturā nihil opus est,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 37, 107; Ter. And. 4, 1, 14:beneficio isto legis nihil utitur,
Cic. Agr. 2, 23, 61:de fratre nihil ego te accusavi,
id. Fam. 14, 1, 4:Thebani nihil moti sunt,
Liv. 42, 46; 3, 65; 6, 38; 49; Sall. C. 16, 5:nihil miror,
Quint. 2, 17, 15; 6, 1, 38.—To no purpose, in vain:3.herele hanc quidem Nihil tu amassis: mihi haec desponsa est,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 16.—For no reason: quorsum tandem aut cur ista quaeris? M Nihil sane, nisi ne nimis diligenter anquiras, Cic. Leg. 1, 1, 4. —II.nĭhĭlum, i (contr. form nīlum, Lucr. 1, 159; Hor. S. 1, 5, 67), n., nothing:(β).erit aliquid, quod aut ex nihilo oriatur, aut in nihilum subito occidat,
Cic. Div. 2, 16, 37:ut de nihilo quippiam fiat,
id. Fat. 9, 18:interire in nihilum,
id. Ac. 1, 7, 27:venire ad nihilum,
id. Fam. 11, 12, 1:ad nihilum recidere,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 27: quam mihi ista pro nihilol id. Att. 14, 9, 1:aliquid pro nihilo putare,
id. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24; cf. id. Verr. 2, 2, 16, § 40.—Nihili, of no value, worthless:(γ).quem putamus esse non hili, dicimus nihili,
Varr. L. L. 10, § 81 Müll.; cf.: nihili, qui nec hili quidem est. Paul. ex Fest. p. 175 Müll.:unde is nihili? ubi fuisti?
Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 29: nihili est autem suum Qui officium facere immemor est. id. Ps. 4, 7, 2:homo nihili factus,
unmanned, id. Mil. 5, 16.—Hence, nihili pendere or facere, to esteem as nothing, Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 4; id. Ps. 4, 7, 1; Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 14.—De nihilo, for nothing, without cause or reason, Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 17:(δ).mali rem exempli esse, de nihilo hospites corripi,
Liv. 34, 61; 30, 29.—Nihilo, with compp., by nothing, no: nihilo pluris, quam si, etc., no more than if, etc., Plaut. Bacch. 3, 4, 21:1.nihilo minus,
id. Men. 5, 5, 49:Phaedriae esse nilo minus amicum quam Antiphoni,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 7 (but minus nihilo, less than nothing, id. ib. 3, 3, 2):nihilo benevolentior,
Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 4:nihilo major,
id. ib. 6, 3, 4:nihilo tamen setius,
Caes. B. G. 5, 4 and 7:nihil segnius,
Liv. 6, 38.—Esp. as adv.: nĭhĭlō mĭnus, or, in one word, nĭhĭlōmĭnus, none the less, no less, nevertheless, notwith standing.In gen.:2.minus dolendum fuit re non perfectā, sed puniendum certe nihilo minus,
Cic. Mil. 7, 19; id. Phil. 5, 9, 26; Quint. 8, 3, 85.—With si, etsi, quamvis, quamquam, ut, etc.:3.in iis rebus, quae nihilo minus, ut ego absim, confici possunt,
Cic. Fam. 10, 2, 2:nihilo minus eloquentiae studendum est, etsi ea quidam perverse abutuntur,
id. Inv. 1, 4, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17:alia sunt, quae quamvis nolit accidere, nihilominus laudat,
Sen. Ep. 66, 44:si nihil fiet, nihilominus, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 39, 2.—Strengthened by tamen:(ε).nihilominus ego hoc faciam tamen,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 10; Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 5; Caes. B. C. 3, 17.—Nihilo aliter, no otherwise:B.ego isti nihilo sum aliter ac fui,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 45.—Transf., adverb., for non, not, by no means:III.nihilum metuenda timere,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 53. —nīl, nothing, no (rare and mostly poet.;B.in Cic. not at all): nil intra est oleam, nil extra est in nuce durum,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 31; id. C. 4, 4, 73:nil sanguinis,
no drop of blood, Ov. M. 13, 266:nil sui,
nothing proper, id. ib. 3, 435; Vulg. Prov. 10, 2 (in Caes. B. G. 5, 29, the true reading is nihil):hoc ridere meum, tam nil, nulla tibi vendo Iliade,
such a trifle, Pers. 1, 122.—Transf. as adv., not at all, by no means:IV.nil opus est verbis,
Lucr. 5, 263:ut nil umor abundet,
id. 5, 265; 1, 266:nil pictis timidus navita puppibus Fidit,
Hor. C. 1, 14, 14.— -
28 quoniam
quŏn-ĭam, adv. [quom = cum, and jam], since now, since then, since, seeing that, because, whereas (quoniam gives a ground or reason, quod and quia give the determining cause or reason).I.With indic., stating a fact: quoniam significat non solum id quod quia, sed etiam id quod postquam, hac scilicet de causā, quod Graeci epei, utriusque significationem obtinet, Fest. p. 261 Müll.:II.quoniam ambo nos delusistis,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 121; id. Aul. prol. 9:quoniam quidem circumventus inimicis praeceps agor,
Sall. C 31, 9; id. J. 85, 44; 31, 21:quoniam ad hunc locum perventum est,
Caes. B. G. 6, 11; 7, 50:quam me stultitiam (quoniam non est genus unum) Insanire putas?
Hor. S. 2, 3, 301:quoniam ita tu vis,
Cic. Planc. 33, 82:quapropter, quoniam res in id discrimen adducta est,
id. Phil. 3, 11, 29; Verg. E. 2, 55.—With subj. (introducing a reason conceived by the mind, or given by another person):III.quoniam civitati consulere non possent,
Caes. B. G. 5, 3; 1, 35; 6, 1:quoniam magna sequatur ubertas,
Plin. 11, 14, 14, § 34; so Nep. Milt. 7, 5; id. Eum. 9, 6:quoniam tam propinqua sint castra,
id. ib. 6, 40; 7, 72; Caes. B. C. 1, 72.—Introducing an obj.-clause (post-class.), that:videtis quoniam et vos hoc facere videtis,
Cypr. Ep. 8, 3; Tert. Idol. 22:non advertit, quoniam, etc.,
Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 8, 100; 2, 8, 53:negat quoniam Jesus non est Christus,
Vulg. 1 Joan. 2, 22; cf. v. 19; id. 1 Cor. 6, 15. -
29 rationale
rătĭōnālis, e, adj. [ratio].I. (α).rătĭōnālis, is, m., an accountant, receiver of revenue, treasurer, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45; 46; Capitol. Gord. 7; Commod. ap. Capitol. Albin. 2; Amm. 15, 3, 4; Inscr. Orell. 1090.—(β).rătĭōnāle, is, n., the oracular breastplate of the Jewish highpriest, Vulg. Exod. 25, 7; id. Lev. 8, 8; also called rationale judicii (transl. of LXX. to logeion tês kriseôs), id. Exod. 28, 15.—II.Of or belonging to reason, reasonable, rational, endowed with reason:B.falsa est (finitio), si dicas, Equus est animal rationale: nam est equus animal, sed irrationale,
Quint. 7, 3, 24:homo est animal rationale,
id. 5, 10, 56; cf. id. 5, 8, 7; and:nec si mutis finis voluptas, rationalibus quoque: quin immo ex contrario, quia mutis, ideo non rationalibus,
id. 5, 11, 35; so without a subst.:a rationali ad rationale (translatio),
id. 8, 6, 13.—Reasonable, depending on reason:2.in causā rationali,
Auct. Her. 2, 12, 18:philosophia,
i. e. logic, Sen. Ep. 89, 17;also called rationalis pars philosophiae,
Quint. 12, 2, 10: disciplina, i. e. theoretical science (opp. to usus and experimenta), Cels. praef.;also ars,
id. ib.; hence, rationalis medicina, theoretical therapeutics;and rationales medici,
medical theorists, id. ib. —In rhet., i. q. ratiocinativus, of or belonging to a syllogism, syllogistic:genus (quaestionum),
Quint. 3, 5, 4; 6, 54; 78; 86; cf.status,
id. 3, 6, 56; 66.— Hence, adv.: rătĭōnālĭter, in a reasonable manner, reasonably, rationally, Sen. Ep. 109; Tert. Anim. 16 al. -
30 rationalis
rătĭōnālis, e, adj. [ratio].I. (α).rătĭōnālis, is, m., an accountant, receiver of revenue, treasurer, Lampr. Alex. Sev. 45; 46; Capitol. Gord. 7; Commod. ap. Capitol. Albin. 2; Amm. 15, 3, 4; Inscr. Orell. 1090.—(β).rătĭōnāle, is, n., the oracular breastplate of the Jewish highpriest, Vulg. Exod. 25, 7; id. Lev. 8, 8; also called rationale judicii (transl. of LXX. to logeion tês kriseôs), id. Exod. 28, 15.—II.Of or belonging to reason, reasonable, rational, endowed with reason:B.falsa est (finitio), si dicas, Equus est animal rationale: nam est equus animal, sed irrationale,
Quint. 7, 3, 24:homo est animal rationale,
id. 5, 10, 56; cf. id. 5, 8, 7; and:nec si mutis finis voluptas, rationalibus quoque: quin immo ex contrario, quia mutis, ideo non rationalibus,
id. 5, 11, 35; so without a subst.:a rationali ad rationale (translatio),
id. 8, 6, 13.—Reasonable, depending on reason:2.in causā rationali,
Auct. Her. 2, 12, 18:philosophia,
i. e. logic, Sen. Ep. 89, 17;also called rationalis pars philosophiae,
Quint. 12, 2, 10: disciplina, i. e. theoretical science (opp. to usus and experimenta), Cels. praef.;also ars,
id. ib.; hence, rationalis medicina, theoretical therapeutics;and rationales medici,
medical theorists, id. ib. —In rhet., i. q. ratiocinativus, of or belonging to a syllogism, syllogistic:genus (quaestionum),
Quint. 3, 5, 4; 6, 54; 78; 86; cf.status,
id. 3, 6, 56; 66.— Hence, adv.: rătĭōnālĭter, in a reasonable manner, reasonably, rationally, Sen. Ep. 109; Tert. Anim. 16 al. -
31 ENS RATIONIS
that which is in reason, a thing of reason - то, что есть в уме, творение ума, мыслимое сущее; по Скоту, это то, чье бытие в мышлении, полагающим его; что не имеет никакого бытия вне мышления; оно ничего не утверждает в действительно существующих вещах и не является ими; оно не более чем сотворенно умом, им же и постигаемо. Фома говорит об истинном (Sum.Theol.q.16, a.3, ad.2) как основанном в том, что не есть (non-ens): "настолько, насколько то, что не есть, является конкретным предметом ума, т.е. постигается им". Такое же рассуждение приводится для блага.В другом месте он утверждает (In lib.1Y Met.lect.4, 574): "Предметы разума соотносятся с теми интенциями, которые заложены им в рассматриваемых вещах, как например, род, вид и т.д., ничего подобного нельзя обнаружить в природе вещей, но они следут постановлениям разума. К такого же рода" разумным" вещам относится и предмет логики. Такого же рода интеллектуальные интенции являются экивалентами (aeюquiparantum) природных вещей, и в этом все природные вещи подпадают под действие разума. И следовательно, предмет логики простирается ко всем вещам, относительно нее утверждаются все природные вещи. В связи с этим делается заключение о том, что предмет логики является эквивалентом предмета философии, которая является природным творением". Разумные вещи могут иметь основание в самих вещах (как человек, полагаемый не сам по себе, но как вид человека) или не иметь оснований (как например, фантазии). -
32 causor
causor ātus, ārī, dep. [causa], to allege as a reason, make a pretext of, plead, pretend: omnia Visaque, O.: locum inmeritum, H.: animi perturbationem, L.: negotia, Ta.: numquid causare quin abeas victus? have you anything to plead? causatus consulere velle, pretending, L.: Causando in longum ducis amores, you make pretexts for putting off, V.* * *causari, causatus sum V DEPallege an excuse/reason, object; excuse oneself; plead a cause, bring action -
33 eō
eō adv. [old dat. and abl. of pron. stem I-]. I. Locat. and abl. uses, there, in that place: cum tu eo quinque legiones haberes.—Fig.: res erat eo iam loci, ut, etc., in such a condition.—Therefore, on that account, for that reason: lassam aibant tum esse; eo ad eam non admissa sum, T.: dederam litteras ad te: eo nunc ero brevior: quod eo volo, quia mihi utile est: quin eo sit occisus, quod non potuerit, etc.: eo scripsi, quo plus auctoritatis haberem: hoc eo facit, ut ille abesset: quod ego non eo vereor, ne mihi noceat.—With words of comparison, so much, by so much: quae quo plura sunt, eo meliore mente: quanto longius abscederent, eo, etc., L.: eo Mors atrocior erit, quod sit interfectus, etc.: eo libentius dixit, ut, etc.: quod quo studiosius absconditur, eo magis eminet: eo minus veritus navibus, quod in littore molli, etc., Cs.: ego illa extuli et eo quidem magis, ne putaret, etc.— II. Dat. uses, to that place, thither: eo se recipere coeperunt, Cs.: eo respectum habere, a refuge in that quarter: ubi colonia esset, eo coloniam deducere: Ibit eo quo vis, etc., H.— Thereto, in addition, besides: eo accessit studium doctrinae: eo accedebat, quod, etc.— To that end, with that purpose, to this result: res eo spectat, ut, etc.: eo maxime incumbis: hoc eo valebat, ut, etc., N.— To that degree, to such an extent, so far, to such a point: usque eo commotus est, ut, etc.: eo magnitudinis procedere, S.: ubi iam eo consuetudinis adducta res est, ut, etc., L.: eo inopiae venere, ut vescerentur, etc. — Of time, up to the time, until, so long: bibitur usque eo, dum, etc.: usque eo se tenuit, quoad legati venerunt.* * *Ithere, to/toward that place; in that direction; to that object/point/stageIItherefore, for that reason, consequently; by that degree; so much the more/lessIIIeare, evi, etus Vgo, walk; march, advance; pass; flow; pass (time); ride; be in the middleIVire, ivi(ii), itus Vgo, walk; march, advance; pass; flow; pass (time); ride; sail -
34 ex or (only before consonants) ē
ex or (only before consonants) ē praep. with abl, out of, from within (opp. in). I. In space, out of, from: signa ex urbe tollere: solem e mundo tollere: ex hoc fonticulo tantumdem sumere, H.: ex Aethiopiā Ancillula, T.: ex urbe sicarii: eius ex Africā reditus: ex Hispaniā quidam, Cs.: puer ex aulā, H.—From, down from, from off: ex speluncā saxum in crura eius incidisse: equestribus proeliis saepe ex equis desiliunt, from horseback, Cs.: cecidisse ex equo dicitur.—Up from, above, out of: collis paululum ex planitie editus, Cs.: globum terrae eminentem e mari.—In gen., from, down from, at, in, upon: ex cruce Italiam cernere: ex equo pugnare: ex loco superiore conspicatus, etc., Cs.: ex hoc loco verba fecisti: ex vinculis causam dicere, L.— Esp., in adverbial phrases: ex itinere, on the march, without halting, S.: ex fugā, during the flight, Cs.: portus ex adverso urbi positus, opposite, L.: erat e regione oppidi collis, over against, Cs.: ex omni parte perfectum, entirely: aliquā ex parte incommodis mederi, in some measure: impetūs ex maximā parte servorum: e vestigio, suddenly.— II. In time, of succession, from, immediately after, directly after, after, following: Cotta ex consulatu est profectus in Galliam: tanta vilitas annonae ex inopiā consecuta est: ex magnis rupibus nactus planitem, Cs.: Aliam rem ex aliā cogitare, T.: alia ex aliis iniquiora postulando, L.: diem ex die exspectabam, day after day.—Of duration, from... onward, from, since, beginning at: ex eā die ad hanc diem: ex eo die, quo, etc.: ex certo tempore, after a fixed date: ex aeterno tempore: Motum ex Metello consule (bellum), H.: octavus annus est, ex quo, etc., since, Ta.: Romae vereor ne ex Kal. Ian. magni tumultūs sint, after. —With the notion of escape or relief, from and after, from: se ex labore reficere, Cs.: ex illo metu mortis recreatus: animus ex miseriis requievit, S. — Esp., in phrases: ex tempore effutire, off hand, without reflection: ex meo tempore, for my convenience: in quibus (quaestionibus) ex tempore officium quaeritur, according to circumstances: ex intervallo consequi, after a while: ex tempore aliquo.— III. Fig., of the point of departure, away from, from, out of, of: amicitiam e vitā tollunt: e fundo eiectus, dispossessed of: agro ex hoste capto, L.: ex populo R. bona accipere, S. —Partitive uses, of a whole or class, of, out of, from among, among: alia ex hoc quaestu, i. e. trade, T.: non orator unus e multis, i. e. no common: acerrimus ex omnibus sensibus: ex primo hastato (ordine) legionis, one of the first division, Cs.: multum ex ripā colere, Ta.: altitudo puppium ex navibus, Cs. — Of the means, out of, by means of, with: ex incommodis Alterius sua ut conparent commoda, T.: ex caede vivunt: largiri ex alieno, L.; cf. ex iure hesterno panem vorent, dipped in, T.—Of the origin or source, from, out of, born of, arising from: bellorum causae ex rei p. contentione natae: ex pertinaciā oritur seditio: ex animo amicus, heartily.—Esp. with verbs of sense, intelligence, etc.: quā re negent, ex me non audies: ut ex amicis acceperam: ex quo intellegere posset: ut ex iis quaeratur: video ex litteris.—Of the material, of, out of: statua ex aere facta: (homo) qui ex animo constet et corpore: milites mixti ex conluvione gentium, L. — Of a condition or nature which is changed, from, out of: di ex hominibus facti: ex exsule consul: duas ex unā civitate discordia fecerat, L. — Of the cause, from, through, by, in consequence of, by reason of, on account of: gravida e Pamphilo, T.: infirmus ex morbo: e viā languere: ex gravitate loci volgari morbos, L.: ex illā ipsā re, for that very reason: e quo efficitur, non ut, etc.: ex hac clade atrox ira, L.: ex legato timor, Ta.—From, after, on account of: cui postea Africano cognomen ex virtute fuit, S.: nomen ex vitio positum, O.: urbem e suo nomine Romam iussit nominari. —Of measure or rule, according to, after, in conformity with, in pursuance of, by: ex aliarum ingeniis me iudicet, T.: dies ex praeceptis tuis actus: ex consuetudine suā, Cs.: e virtute vivere: ex senatūs sententiā: ex sententiā, satisfactorily, T.: illum ex artificio comico aestimabat.—Esp., in the phrases, ex re, according to the fact, to the advantage, to profit: oratio ex re et ex causā habita: Non ex re istius, for his good, T.: garrit Ex re fabellas, apt, H.: quid tam e re p. fuit? for the public benefit: ex usu, advantageous: ex usu quod est, id persequar, T.: rem ex usu Galliae accidisse, Cs.: e re natā, according to circumstances, T.—Of manner, mostly in adverb. phrases: res ex libidine magis quam ex vero celebrare, arbitrarily... justly, S.: dicam ex animo, outright: ex composito, by agreement, L.: ex facili, with ease, Ta.— IV. In compounds, ex stands before vowels and h, and before c, p (except epoto, epotus), q, s (except escendere, escensio), t; ef (sometimes ec) before f; ē before b, d, g, i consonant, l (except exlex), m, n, v. For exs-, ex- alone is often written (exanguis for exsanguis, etc.). -
35 grātia
grātia ae, f [gratus], favor, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship, partiality: aeterna inter nos, T.: falsam gratiam inire, curry favor, T.: gratiā florens hominum: Pompei gratiam mihi conciliari putare: cum inimico reditus in gratiam, reconciliation: fides reconciliatae gratiae: si suam gratiam Romani velint, Cs.: a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam: apud regem inita, L.: cum populo R. in gratiā esse: istuc impetro cum gratiā, with a good grace, T.: summa inter suos, Cs.: fratrum geminorum, harmony, H.: male sarta, interrupted friendship, H.: quantum gratiā valent, Cs.: improba, partiality, Iu.: cum gratiā imperatoris, to the satisfaction of, L.: provincia multas bonas gratias attulit, tokens of favor.— Charm, beauty, loveliness: formae, O.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, O.— A favor, kindness, courtesy, service, obligation: hanc gratiam ut sibi des, T.: petivit in loco gratiae, ut, etc.: Boccho delicti gratiam facit, forgives, S.: pugnaturi in gratiam ducis, to please, L.: data in praeteritam iudici gratiam, for the favor shown him on the trial, L.— Thanks, thankfulness, gratitude, acknowledgment: est dis gratia, cum ita est, I thank, T.: veteris stat gratia facti, V.: illi debetur a me gratia maior, H.: annonae levatae gratiam tulit, received, L.: dis gratia, thank heaven, T.: ac Syro nil gratiae, no thanks to, T.: mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, expressed: ei gratias egimus, thanked him: et non neglexisse habeo gratiam, am grateful, T.: sibi gratias habere, L.: maximas vobis gratias et agere et habere: alqd in gratiam habere, take as a favor, S.: meritam dis inmortalibus gratiam honoribus persolvere, express.—A return, requital, recompense (for a favor): pro eo (beneficio) gratiam repetere, L.: Nec nulla est inaratae gratia terrae, V.: tulisse potius iniuriam, quam retulisse gratiam, requited: praeclaram populo R. refers gratiam: omnibus referendā gratiā satisfacere, by a recompense: referre gratiam aliam non posse, quam, etc., L.: ut pro tantis eorum in rem p. meritis gratiae referantur.—Person., usu. plur, the graces, three goddesses of loveliness, attendants of Venus (Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia), H.— Sing collect.: non illi Gratia lecto, O. —Fig., a cause, reason, ground, occasion, motive, sake.—Only abl., usu. after a gen, in favor, on account, for the sake, for: bestiae hominum gratiā generatae: Nuptiarum gratiā haec sunt facta, T.: negoti gratiā properare, S.: dolorum effugiendorum gratiā: placandi gratiā, S.: exempli gratiā, for instance: verbi gratiā: eā gratiā Simulavi, ut, etc., for that reason, T.: id eā gratiā eveniebat, quod, etc., S.: quā gratiā Te arcessi iussi, ausculta, for what purpose, T.: Excludor, ille recipitur, quā gratiā? why? T.—Of persons, a favorite: ut unus gratia nostra fores, O.* * *porularity/esteem/credit (w/bona); unpopularity (w/mala); partiality/favoritism; favor/goodwill/kindness/friendship; influence; gratitude; thanks (pl.); Graces -
36 grātuītō
grātuītō adv. [gratuitus], without pay, for naught, gratis, gratuitously: causas defendens: civitatem impertire, for no particular reason: crudelis erat, wantonly, S.* * *gratis, without pay, for naught, gratuitously; for no special reason; wantonly -
37 id-eō
id-eō adv., for that reason, on that account, therefore: neque ideo est causa deterior: atque ideo ad Pompeium contendit, Cs.: fugacissimi, ideoque tam diu superstites, Ta.: nec cellis ideo contende Falernis, V.—With appos. clause giving a reason: re quidem ipsā ideo mihi non satis facio, quod, etc.: ne me foliis ideo brevioribus ornes, Quod timui, etc., H.: sed quia maius est beneficium, ideo peto, ut, etc.: vestrae sapientiae est, non, si causa iusta est, ideo putare, etc.—With a clause denoting a purpose: ideone ego pacem diremi, ut, etc.: an ideo aliquid contra mulieres scripsit, ne, etc.: non, quin breviter reddi responsum potuerit, ideo potius delectos missos, quam, etc., L. -
38 mēns
mēns mentis, f [1 MAN-], the mind, disposition, feeling, character, heart, soul: mala, T.: conversae sunt omnium mentes, Cs.: mentis ferox, O.: mollis ad calamitates perferendas, Cs.— The conscience: adhibere testem, id est mentem suam: diri conscia facti, Iu.— The intellectual faculties, mind, understanding, intellect, reason, judgment, discernment, consideration, reflection: animos viventīs mente complecti, comprehend: mens sana in corpore sano, Iu.: mentis suae esse, in his right mind: captus mente, beside himself: mente paululum inminutā, S.: mentem amittere, lose one's mind: male tuta, H.: huic ex tempore dicenti effluit mens, his recollection vanished: quae tantā mente fiunt, intelligence: dictis adice mentem, attention, O.—In the phrase, venire in mentem, to come into mind, be thought of, occur: quotienscumque patria in mentem veniret, L.: numquam ea res tibi tam belle in mentem venire potuisset: ubi venit in mentem eius adventi, bethought himself, T.: ei venit in mentem potestatis: fac tibi legis veniat in mentem: in mentem tibi non venit quid negoti sit?: veniat in mentem, ut defenderimus, etc., L.: quid venit in mentem Callistheni, dicere, etc.? — Mind, thought, plan, purpose, intention, design: senatus unā voce ac mente restiterat: nostram nunc accipe mentem, V.: classem eā mente comparavit, ut, etc.: mentes deorum scrutari in fibris, O.: hac mente laborem ferre, H.— Spirit, boldness, courage: tua, quā arcem recepisti, L.: addere mentem, give courage, H.: demittunt mentes, lose courage, V.— Passion, impulse: dolor quod suaserit et mens, H.: Compesce mentem, H.—Person., the goddess of thought, L., C., O.* * *mind; reason, intellect, judgement; plan, intention, frame of mind; courage -
39 nam
nam conj. [GNA-]. I. Introducing an explanation, for (in prose beginning the sentence, except when enclitic with an interrog. word): is pagus appellabatur Tigurinus, nam civitas in pagos divisa est, Cs.: Pauca... Expediam dictis; prohibent nam cetera Parcae Scire, V.: Belua multorum es capitum; nam quid sequar? H.—Introducing a parenthesis, for certainly, but: colenda iustitia est, cum ipsa per sese (nam aliter iustitia non esset), tum, etc.—Resuming the thought after a parenthesis: simul atque cognovit (audi, audi, atque attende...), nam simul ac me audivit, etc. —With illud or quod, introducing a minor consideration or an exception, for, but: bene, quod Mens, Fides consecratur... nam illud vitiosum Athenis, quod fecerunt Contumeliae fanum.—Introducing an example or illustration, for example, for instance: sed vivo Catone multi oratores floruerunt. Nam et A. Albinus... Nam Q. Metellus, etc.— II. Introducing a reason, for, seeing that, inasmuch as: celebratote illos dies; nam multi saepe honores dis inmortalibus iusti habiti sunt, sed, etc.: alias urbīs condidere... nam de Carthagine silere melius puto quam parum dicere, S.: una domus erat... nam quid ego de studiis dicam cognoscendi semper aliquid, etc.: Iuppiter, hospitibus nam te dare iura loquuntur, V.: Mercuri (nam te docilis magistro Movit Amphion lapides canendo), etc., H.—In replies, introducing the reason for an implied answer, for, for assuredly, certainly: Sa. tamen tibi a me nullast orta iniuria... Ae. Nam hercle etiam hoc restat, i. e. (not yet); for that is to come hereafter, T.: nos hunc Heracliensem... de nostrā civitate eiciemus? Nam si quis putat... vehementer errat.—In a rhetorical climax, with ne... quidem: in corpora ipsorum, in liberos contumeliae editae. Nam avaritia ne sacrorum quidem spoliatione abstinuit, nay... not even, L.—In eager questions, beginning a clause, why?: Nam quae haec anus est, exanimata a fratre quae egressa'st meo? T.—As enclitic with an interrogative: quisnam igitur tuebitur P. Scipionis memoriam mortui?: in incerto habuere, quidnam consili caperent, S.: num nam haec audivit? T.: quis est nam ludus in undis, V.* * *for, on the other hand; for instance -
40 nam-que
nam-que conj., a strengthened nam, introducing a reason or explanation in close connection with what precedes. I. An explanation, for, and in fact: Alcibiades ad omnīs res aptus; namque imperator fuit summus, N.: virgini venienti in forum (ibi namque in tabernis litterarum ludi erant) manum iniecit, L.— II. A reason, for, seeing that, inasmuch as: Caesar auxilium tulit, namque eius adventu hostes constiterunt, etc., Cs.: gradu post me sedet uno, Namque est ille pater quod erat meus, H.
См. также в других словарях:
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