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121 изыскивать
1) General subject: find2) Rare: seek out3) Mathematics: try to find4) Law: raise (денежные средства)5) Business: recover6) Makarov: explore, investigate, look for, search for, seek, dig up (средства и т. п.) -
122 обнаружить
1) General subject: bespeak, chance, descry, detect, develop, diagnose, diagnosticate, disclose, discover, display, espy (недостаток), find, find out, give away, hit, lay bare, locate, manifest, nail, reveal, rout, scare up, show up, sight, signalize, spot, trace, uncap, unravel (smth), spy out, learn, drag to light, hit upon (случайно)2) Colloquial: track down3) Military: unearth4) Engineering: pinpoint5) Rare: ostend7) Railway term: make visible8) Law: detect (преступника)9) Jargon: corral, scare-up (что-то особенное), sniff out10) Astronautics: sense11) Makarov: bring to light, lay open (намерения, заговор), run to earth, catch out -
123 проникать
1) General subject: (the boy came running into the room - мальчик вбежал в комнату come, come (the boy came running into the room - мальчик вбежал в комнату; the moonshine came streaming in through the open window - в открытое окно лился лунный свет), come through, elbow (in, into), enter, filter, filter (тж. перен.), find one's way, get, infilter, infiltrate (тж.перен.), insinuate, interfuse, leak (о жидкости, газе и т.п.), leak in (о жидкости, газе), needle, penetrate, perforate (into, through), perforate into, perforate through, permeate, pervade, pierce (в тайны и т. п.; through, into), plumb (в тайну и т. п.), search, seep out, sink, spread, strike, work, work in, worm, get into a place (куда-л.), (куда-либо) pierced2) Biology: inpour (напр. в организм), (постепенно) insinuate, permeate (сквозь)4) Military: infiltrate (о расположение противника)5) Rare: transpierce6) Chemistry: take7) Mathematics: obtain an understanding of, permeate (through)8) Railway term: sink into9) Literature: come in10) Oil: dive, make through (в породу) -
124 in
(in(to) usually small pieces: The broken mirror lay in bits on the floor; He loves taking his car to bits.) (hecho) añicos/pedazosin prep1. enis Mary in? ¿está Mary en casa?2. por3. en / dentro deit will cost you £50 in all te costará 50 libras en totalin se traduce por otras preposiciones españolas según cada casointr[ɪn]1 (place) en, dentro de■ who's in the film? ¿quién sale en la película?2 (motion) en, a■ you're going in the wrong direction vas mal encaminado, vas en dirección equivocada3 (time - during) en, durante4 (time - within) en, dentro de5 (wearing) en, vestido,-a de6 (manner) en■ pay in cash paga en metálico, paga en efectivo7 (state, condition) en■ she's in a good/bad mood está de buen/mal humor8 (ratio, measurement, number) varias traducciones9 (form, shape) varias traducciones10 (profession) en11 (weather, light) varias traducciones■ sit in the sun/shade siéntate al sol/a la sombra■ low in calories bajo,-a en calorías■ deaf in one ear sordo,-a de un oído13 (after superlative) de14 (with pres part) al, cuando1 (motion) dentro■ come in! ¡adelante!, ¡pase!■ let me in! ¡déjame entrar!■ what time does the plane get in? ¿a qué hora aterriza el avión?3 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (ball, shuttlecock)■ the ball was in! ¡la pelota entró!, ¡la pelota fue buena!4 (tide) alto,-a5 (fashionable) de moda6 (in power) en el poder8 (on sale, obtainable) disponible■ have you got that book in? ¿tienes aquel libro?, ¿ha llegado aquel libro?9 (crops) recogido,-a1 (fashionable) de moda2 (private) particular■ is Jack in? ¿está Jack?\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLto be all in estar agotado,-a, estar rendido,-ato be in for something (be about to experience) estar a punto de recibir algo, estar a punto de tener algo■ you're in for it! ¡la que te espera!■ are you in for this game? ¿vas a jugar?to be in on something estar enterado,-a de algo, estar al tanto de algo■ were you in on it too? ¿también estabas enterado?to be (well) in with somebody llevarse (muy) bien con alguien, tener (mucha) confianza con alguiento have it in for somebody tenerla tomada con alguienwhat's in it for me? ¿y yo qué saco?, ¿y yo qué gano?————————intr[ɪnʧ]1 ( inch) pulgadain ['ɪn] adv1) inside: dentro, adentrolet's go in: vamos adentro2) harvested: recogidothe crops are in: las cosechas ya están recogidas3)to be in : estaris Linda in?: ¿está Linda?4)to be in : estar en poderthe Democrats are in: los demócratas están en el poder5)to be in for : ser objeto de, estar a punto dethey're in for a treat: los van a agasajarhe's in for a surprise: se va a llevar una sorpresa6)to be in on : participar en, tomar parte enin adj1) inside: interiorthe in part: la parte interior2) fashionable: de modain prepin the lake: en el lagoa pain in the leg: un dolor en la piernain the sun: al solin the rain: bajo la lluviathe best restaurant in Buenos Aires: el mejor restaurante de Buenos Aires2) into: en, ahe broke it in pieces: lo rompió en pedazosshe went in the house: se metió a la casa3) during: por, durantein the afternoon: por la tarde4) within: dentro deI'll be back in a week: vuelvo dentro de una semanain Spanish: en españolwritten in pencil: escrito con lápizin this way: de esta manerato be in luck: tener suerteto be in love: estar enamoradoto be in a hurry: tener prisain reply: en respuesta, como réplicainadj.• interior adj.adv.• adentro adv.• dentro adv.• en casa adv.prep.• a prep.• de prep.• dentro de prep.• en prep.• por prep.= Indiana[ɪn]1. PREPOSITIONWhen in is the second element in a phrasal verb, eg ask in, fill in, look in, etc, look up the verb. When it is part of a set combination, eg in the country, in ink, in danger, covered in, look up the other word.1) (in expressions of place) en; (=inside) dentro deit's in London/Scotland/Galicia — está en Londres/Escocia/Galicia
in the house — en casa; (=inside) dentro de la casa
When phrases like, are used to identify a particular group, is the usual translation:our bags were stolen, and our passports were in them — nos robaron los bolsos, y nuestros pasaportes iban dentro
the chairs in the room — las sillas de la habitación, las sillas que hay en la habitación or dentro de la habitación
•
in here/ there — aquí/allí dentroa) (=during) enin May/spring — en mayo/primavera
in the eighties/the 20th century — en los años ochenta/el siglo 20
in the morning(s)/evening(s) — por la mañana/la tarde
at four o'clock in the morning/afternoon — a las cuatro de la mañana/la tarde
b) (=for)c) (=in the space of) enI did it in 3 hours/days — lo hice en 3 horas/días
d) (=within) dentro deI'll see you in three weeks' time or in three weeks — te veré dentro de tres semanas
he'll be back in a moment/a month — volverá dentro de un momento/un mes
3) (indicating manner, medium) enin a loud/soft voice — en voz alta/baja
in Spanish/English — en español/inglés
a magnificent sculpture in marble and copper — una magnífica escultura de or en mármol y cobre
4) (=clothed in)When phrases like, are used to identify a particular person, is the usual translation: dressedthey were all in shorts — todos iban en or llevaban pantalón corto
5) (giving ratio, number)he had only a one in fifty chance of survival — solo tenía una posibilidad entre cincuenta de sobrevivir
what happened was a chance in a million — había una posibilidad entre un millón de que pasara lo que pasó
these jugs are produced in their millions — estas jarras se fabrican por millones, se fabrican millones de estas jarras
people came in their hundreds — acudieron cientos de personas, la gente acudió a centenares
6) (=among) entrethis is common in children/cats — es cosa común entre los niños/los gatos
you find this instinct in animals — este instinto se encuentra en or entre los animales, los animales poseen este instinto
they have a good leader in him — él es buen líder para ellos, en él tienen un buen líder
a condition rare in a child of that age — una dolencia extraña en or para un niño de esa edad
it's something I admire in her — es algo que admiro de or en ella
armyhe had all the qualities I was looking for in a partner — tenía todas las cualidades que yo buscaba en un compañero
9) (after superlative) dethe biggest/smallest in Europe — el más grande/pequeño de Europa
10) (with verb)in all en total in itself de por sí in that (=since) puesto que, ya quein making a fortune he lost his wife — mientras hacía fortuna, perdió su mujer
the new treatment is preferable in that... — es preferible el nuevo tratamiento puesto or ya que...
what's in it for me far 1., 1)in that, he resembles his father — en eso se parece a su padre
2. ADVERB1) to be in (=be at home) estar (en casa); (=be at work) estar; (=be gathered in) [crops, harvest] estar recogido; (=be at destination) [train, ship, plane] haber llegado; (=be alight) estar encendido, arder; (Sport) [ball, shuttlecock] entraris Mr Eccles in? — ¿está el Sr. Eccles?
he's in for tests — (in hospital) está ingresado para unas pruebas
he's in for larceny — (in prison) está encerrado por ladrón
what's he in for? — ¿de qué delito se le acusa?
when the Tories were in * — (in power) cuando los conservadores estaban en el poder
strawberries are in — es la temporada de las fresas, las fresas están en sazón
to be in and outthe fire is still in — el fuego sigue encendido or aún arde
to be in for sthdon't worry, you'll be in and out in no time — no te preocupes, saldrás enseguida
you don't know what you're in for! — ¡no sabes lo que te espera!
to be in for a competition — (=be entered) haberse inscrito en un concurso
to be in for an exam — presentarse a un examen to be in on sth (=be aware, involved)
•
to be in on the plan/secret * — estar al tanto del plan/del secretoare you in on it? — ¿estás tú metido en ello? to be well in with sb (=be friendly)
she opened the door and they all rushed in — abrió la puerta y todos entraron or se metieron corriendo
week in, week out — semana tras semana
4) (Sport)in! — ¡entró!
3. ADJECTIVE*1) (=fashionable) de modato be in — estar de moda, llevarse
short skirts were in — la falda corta estaba de moda, se llevaban las faldas cortas
she wore a very in dress — llevaba un vestido muy a la moda or de lo más moderno
2) (=exclusive)it's an in joke — es un chiste privado, es un chiste que tienen entre ellos/tenemos entre nosotros
if you're not in with the in crowd... — si no estás entre los elegidos...
4. NOUN1)the ins and outs of: the ins and outs of the problem — los pormenores del problema
dietary experts can advise on the ins and outs of dieting — los expertos en alimentación pueden dar información pormenorizada sobre las dietas
2) (US)(Pol)* * *= Indiana -
125 Heilung
* * *die Heilungcure; healing; curing; recovery* * *Hei|lung ['hailʊŋ]f -, (rare) -en(= das Heilen) (von Wunde) healing; (von Krankheit, Kranken) curing; (REL) healing; (= das Gesundwerden) cure* * *(something which cures: They're trying to find a cure for cancer.) cure* * *Hei·lung<-, -en>[ˈhailʊŋ]f\Heilung der Nichtigkeit curing of nullity\Heilung von Formfehlern/Zustellungsmängeln curing of formal defects/of defects in service\Heilung des Formmangels remedy of non-compliance with required form* * *die; Heilung, Heilungen healing; (von Krankheit, Kranken) curingdiese Salbe wird die Heilung der Wunde beschleunigen — this ointment will help the wound to heal faster
* * ** * *die; Heilung, Heilungen healing; (von Krankheit, Kranken) curingdiese Salbe wird die Heilung der Wunde beschleunigen — this ointment will help the wound to heal faster
* * *-en f.cure n. -
126 crudo
adj.1 raw, rare, unbaked, uncooked.2 crude, natural, raw, unprocessed.3 crude, inexpert.4 crude, gothic, rude, coarse.5 crude, bawdy.6 cruel, crude, unadorned, unmasked.La cruda realidad The cruel [unmasked] reality...* * *► adjetivo1 (sin cocer) raw; (poco hecho) underdone■ la carne está cruda the meat is underdone, the meat isn't cooked enough3 (color) natural, unbleached4 (clima) harsh1 (petróleo) crude oil, crude\verlo muy crudo familiar not to hold out much hopeseda cruda raw silk————————1 (petróleo) crude oil, crude* * *(f. - cruda)adj.1) crude2) raw* * *1. ADJ1) (Culin)a) (=sin cocinar) [carne] raw; [verduras] raw, uncookedb) (=poco hecho) underdonelas patatas están crudas — the potatoes are underdone o are not properly cooked
2)un jersey de color crudo — a natural-coloured o (EEUU) natural-colored jersey
3) (Téc) [producto] untreated; [seda] raw; [lino] unbleached4) [clima, invierno] harsh, severe5) [descripción] crude, coarse; [imágenes] harrowing6) * (=difícil)lo tienen crudo para encontrar un trabajo — they're having a hard o tough time finding a job
lo tendrán crudo si piensan que... — they'll have a tough time of it if they think that...
7) [agua] hard2. SM1) (=petróleo) crude (oil)2) LAm * (=resaca) hangover3) Perú (=arpillera) sackcloth* * *I- da adjetivo1) [estar] <carne/verduras/pescado> ( sin cocinar) raw; ( poco hecho) underdone2) [ser]a) <invierno/clima> severe, harshb) <lenguaje/imágenes/realidad> harsh3)(de) color crudo — natural; <lana/encaje> ecru
4) [estar] (AmC, Méx fam) ( con resaca)IImasculino crude oil, crude* * *I- da adjetivo1) [estar] <carne/verduras/pescado> ( sin cocinar) raw; ( poco hecho) underdone2) [ser]a) <invierno/clima> severe, harshb) <lenguaje/imágenes/realidad> harsh3)(de) color crudo — natural; <lana/encaje> ecru
4) [estar] (AmC, Méx fam) ( con resaca)IImasculino crude oil, crude* * *crudo11 = petroleum, crude oil.Ex: Several of the exclusive data bases cover petroleum and fossil fuels.
Ex: In any case the great petrol tankers cannot reach Antwerp, whence the need to lay oil pipelines from Rotterdam to improve the supplying of crude oil to the refineries.* bidón de crudo = oil drum.crudo22 = crude [cruder -comp., crudest -sup.], raw.Ex: Some unfortunate children grow up as readers of James Bond, of dashing thrillers and the blood-and-guts of crude war stories.
Ex: Vegetable fibres in their raw state contain the necessary strands of cellulose which can be converted into paper.* alimentos crudos = raw food.* carne cruda = raw meat.* cruda realidad = stark reality.* en lo más crudo del invierno = in the dead of winter.* tenerlo crudo = not be easy.* * *A [ ESTAR]1 ‹carne/verduras/pescado› (sin cocinar) raw; (poco hecho) underdoneel pollo está crudo the chicken isn't cooked properly, the chicken is underdoneB1 [ SER] ‹invierno/clima› severe, harsh2 ‹lenguaje› harsh, raw; ‹imágenes› harshla película tiene unas escenas muy crudas the movie has some very harsh scenes in ites la cruda realidad it's the harsh o crude realityC(de) color crudo natural, unbleachedencaje/lana (de) color crudo ecru lace/woolD [ SER]es muy crudo para el francés he's brilliant at FrenchE [ ESTAR]crude oil, crude* * *
crudo◊ -da adjetivo
1 [estar] ‹carne/verduras/pescado› ( sin cocinar) raw;
( poco hecho) underdone
2 [ser]
crudo,-a
I adjetivo
1 raw
2 (comida poco hecha) underdone
3 (clima, realidad) harsh
4 (color) cream, natural
II sustantivo masculino (petróleo) crude
♦ Locuciones: familiar figurado estar muy crudo, to be very difficult
tener/ver (algo) muy crudo, to find sthg very difficult
' crudo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
cruda
- tártara
- tártaro
- cocido
- petróleo
- plátano
English:
crude
- hard-pressed
- raw
- rawhide
- stark
- bleak
- ham
- sharp
- unrefined
* * *crudo, -a♦ adj1. [seda, algodón] raw2. [alimentos] [sin cocinar] raw;[sin cocer completamente] undercooked3. [petróleo] crude4. [clima, tiempo] harsh5. [realidad] harsh;[novela] harshly realistic, hard-hitting6. [cruel] cruel7. [color] beige8. Fam [difícil]en estos momentos está muy crudo encontrar trabajo it's really tough to find a job just now;lo tiene crudo si piensa que lo voy a invitar he's in for a big disappointment if he thinks I'm inviting him♦ nm1. [petróleo] crude (oil)* * *I adj alimento raw; figharsh;voy a tenerlo crudo para aprobar fam I’m going to have a hard job passing the exam, passing the exam isn’t going to be easyII m crude (oil)* * *crudo, -da adj1) : raw2) : crude, harshcrudo nm: crude oil* * *crudo adj1. (alimento sin cocinar) raw2. (alimento poco hecho) not cooked3. (clima) harsh4. (color) natural -
127 arriver
arriver [aʀive]➭ TABLE 1━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. intransitive verb• réveille-toi, on arrive ! wake up, we're almost there!• arriver le premier (à une course) to come in first ; (à une soirée, une réception) to arrive firstb. ( = approcher) [saison, nuit, personne, véhicule] to come• j'arrive ! I'm coming!• le lierre arrive jusqu'au 1er étage the ivy goes up to the 1st floor• et le problème des salaires ? -- j'y arrive and what about the wages problem? -- I'm just coming to thatd. ( = réussir) arriver à (+ infinitif) to manage to• tu y arrives ? how are you getting on?e. ( = atteindre une réussite sociale) to succeedf. ( = se produire) to happen• tu n'oublies jamais ? -- ça m'arrive don't you ever forget? -- yes, sometimes• cela ne m'arrivera plus ! I won't let it happen again!g. ► en arriver à ( = finir par) to come to• on n'en est pas encore arrivé là ! (résultat négatif) we've not reached that stage yet! ; (résultat positif) we've not got that far yet!• on en arrive à se demander si... it makes you wonder whether...► il arrive que/de• il m'est arrivé plusieurs fois de le voir I have seen him or it several times* * *aʀive
1.
verbe intransitif1) ( parvenir) [personne, avion, lettre] to arrive; ( s'acheminer) [personne, pluie] to comearriver dans les premiers — ( en compétition) to be among the first to finish; ( à une soirée) to be among the first to arrive
2) ( atteindre)arriver aux chevilles — [eau] to come up to one's ankles; [jupe] to come down to one's ankles
arriver (jusqu')à quelqu'un — [nouvelle, odeur] to reach somebody
‘qu'en est-il du chômage?’ - ‘j'y arrive’ — ‘what about unemployment?’ - ‘I'm coming to that’
3) ( réussir) ( socialement) to succeed; gén4) ( aboutir)j'en arrive à croire que... — I'm beginning to think that...
5) ( survenir) [accident, catastrophe] to happence sont des choses qui arrivent — these things happen, it's just one of those things
2.
verbe impersonnel* * *aʀive1. vi1) [train, visiteur, courrier] to arrivearriver à Paris — to get to Paris, to arrive in Paris
Il arrive à Paris à 8 h. — He gets to Paris at 8., He arrives in Paris at 8.
J'arrive à l'école à huit heures. — I get to school at 8 o'clock., I arrive at school at 8 o'clock.
j'arrive! — I'm coming!, coming!
en arriver à faire — to end up doing, to get to the point of doing
2) (= survenir) to happenCe sont des choses qui arrivent. — These things happen.
3)arriver à terme [contrat] — to come to an end
4) (= réussir)arriver à [perfection, but] — to reach, to achieve
J'espère que je vais y arriver. — I hope I'm going to manage it.
2. vb impersIl m'arrive de dormir jusqu'à midi. — I sometimes sleep till midday.
* * *arriver verb table: aimerA vi1 ( dans l'espace) [personne, avion, train, colis, lettre] to arrive; [nuage, pluie] to come; arriver de [personne, train, bus] to come from; arriver par [eau, gaz] to come through; arriver ensemble to arrive together; elle n'est pas encore arrivée she hasn't arrived yet; arriver à 13 h à Paris to arrive in Paris at 1 pm; arriver dans le centre ville/sur la berge to reach the town centreGB/the bank; arriver par bateau/avion/le train to arrive by boat/plane/train; je suis arrivé chez moi I got home; j'arriverai chez toi dans l'après-midi/tard I'll get to ou arrive at your place in the afternoon/late; appelle-nous dès que tu seras arrivé give us a call as soon as you arrive ou get there; arriver en avance/en retard/à l'heure to arrive early/late/on time; arriver juste au bon moment to arrive ou come at just the right moment; je suis arrivée avant/après toi I got here before/after you; elle est arrivée au Japon en 1982 she came to Japan in 1982; dépêche-toi, le train arrive! hurry up, the train is coming!; regarde qui arrive look who's coming; le mauvais temps arrive par le nord the bad weather is coming from the north; l'eau arrive par ce tuyau the water comes in through this pipe; j'arrive! I'm coming!; j'arrive du centre ville I've just come from the city centreGB; j'arrive de Londres I've just come from London; arriver en courant to come running up; arriver sur qn [orage, cyclone] to hit sb; [personne] to descend on sb; l'eau nous arrivait aux chevilles the water came up to our ankles, we were ankle-deep in water; l'eau arrivait au niveau de la fenêtre the water came up to the window; ma jupe m'arrive aux chevilles my skirt comes down to my ankles; arriver (jusqu')à qn [nouvelle, rumeur, odeur] to reach sb; heureusement cela n'est pas arrivé jusqu'à lui or jusqu'à ses oreilles○ luckily it didn't reach him ou his ears; arriver sur scène [chanteur, acteur] to come on stage; arriver sur le marché [personnes, produits] to come on the market;2 ( dans le temps) arriver en tête/en queue to come first/last; en arrivant au ministère when he/she became minister; il est arrivé le premier he arrived first, he was the first to arrive; arriver dans les premiers ( en compétition) to be among the first to finish; ( à une soirée) to be among the first to arrive; de nombreux signes montrent qu'on arrive à la fin d'une période a number of signs show that we are coming to the end of an era; arriver à son terme [contrat] to expire; [projet] to come to an end; ce plan arrive au moment où this plan comes at a time when; maintenant j'arrive au problème de la drogue now, I'll come to the problem of drugs; ‘qu'en est-il du chômage?’-‘j'y arrive’ ‘what about unemployment?’-‘I'm coming to that’; tu arrives à un âge où you are getting to an age when;3 (avec un raisonnement, après une suite d'événements) arriver à une somme to come to an amount; arriver à des résultats to achieve results; arriver à une solution to find a solution; arriver à une conclusion to come to a conclusion; arriver à un accord to reach an agreement;4 ( réussir) arriver à faire to manage to do, to succeed in doing; je n'arrive pas à faire I can't do; il n'arrive plus à la suivre he can't keep up with her; j'essaie, mais je n'y arrive pas I'm trying, but I can't do it; je n'arrive à rien I'm getting nowhere; arriver à ses fins to achieve one's ends;5 ( aboutir) on en arrive à des absurdités you end up with nonsense; comment peut-on en arriver là? how could it have come to this?; (parlant d'un pays, d'une économie) how did things get into that state?; j'en arrive à croire que/à me demander si… I'm beginning to think that/to wonder if…;6 ( survenir) [accident, catastrophe] to happen; ce sont des choses qui arrivent these things happen, it's just one of those things; cela n'était pas arrivé depuis longtemps it hadn't happened for a long time; ça arrive mais c'est rare it does happen, but not very often; tout peut arriver anything can happen; ça n'arrive qu'aux autres it only happens to other people; on ne sait jamais ce qui peut arriver you never know what may happen; un accident est si vite arrivé accidents happen so easily; voilà ce qui arrive quand on ne fait pas attention that's what happens when you don't pay attention; la même chose m'est arrivée il y a un mois the same thing happened to me a month ago; tu vois, tout arrive! I told you, you should never give up hope!;7 ( réussir socialement) [personne] to succeed; faire n'importe quoi pour arriver to do anything to succeed.B v impers il est arrivé quelque chose something has happened (à to); il arrive toujours quelque chose something always happens; qu'est-il arrivé? what happened?; il n'est rien arrivé nothing happened; il n'arrive jamais rien ici nothing ever happens around here; il arrive un moment où there comes a time when; il arrive que qn fasse sometimes sb does; il m'arrive d'être en retard/d'aller à l'opéra sometimes I'm late/I go to the opera; est -ce qu'il arrive que le courrier se perde? does the mail ever go missing GB ou get lost?; est-ce qu'il t'arrive d'y penser? do you ever think about it?; qu'est-il arrivé à ta voiture? what happened to your car?; que t'arrive-t-il? what's wrong with you?; il m'est arrivé une chose bizarre something odd happened to me; quoi qu'il arrive whatever happens; je t'appellerai quoi qu'il arrive I'll call you whatever happens ou come what may; que peut-il arriver au pays? what can happen to the country?[arive] verbe intransitif (aux être)A.[DANS L'ESPACE]1. [parvenir à destination - voyageur, véhicule, courrier] to arrivearriver chez soi to get ou to arrive homedès que je suis arrivé au Canada as soon as I arrived in ou got to Canadamême en roulant vite ça nous fait arriver après minuit even if we drive fast we won't get there before midnightnous sommes bientôt ou presque arrivés we're almost therequi est arrivé après l'appel? [en classe] who came in after I called the register (UK) ou called roll (US)?être bien arrivé [personne, colis] to have arrived safelyvous voilà enfin arrivés, je m'inquiétaisa. [ici] here you are ou you've arrived at last, I was getting worriedb. [là-bas] you got there at last, I was getting worrieda. [ici] which way did you come?b. [là-bas] which way did you go?ils arrivent de Tokyo they've just arrived ou come from Tokyo2. [finir - dans un classement] to come (in)arriver le premier/derniera. [coureur] to come in first/last, to take first/last placeb. [invité] to arrive first/last, to be the first/last to arrivetu es prêt? — j'arrive tout de suite/dans une minute are you ready? — I'm coming/I'll be with you in a minutej'arrive, j'arrive! I'm coming!une odeur de chocolat arrivait de la cuisine a smell of chocolate wafted in ou came from the kitchenB.[DANS LE TEMPS]1. [événement, jour, moment] to comeNoël arrive bientôt Christmas will soon be here ou with usle jour arrivera où... the day will come when...la soixantaine/retraite est vite arrivée sixty/retirement is soon here2. [se produire] to happentu ne te décourages jamais? — si, ça m'arrive don't you ever get discouraged? — yes, from time to timetu es encore en retard. Que cela ne t'arrive plus! you're late again. Don't let it happen again!————————[arive] verbe impersonnel1. [venir]2. [aventure, événement]s'il m'arrivait quelque chose, prévenez mon père if anything happens ou should anything happen to me, let my father know3. [se produire parfois]il arrive que: ne peut-il pas arriver que l'ordinateur se trompe? couldn't the computer ever make a mistake?————————arriver à verbe plus préposition1. [niveau, taille, lieu]le fil du téléphone n'arrive pas jusqu'à ma chambre the phone cord doesn't reach ou isn't long enough to reach my bedroomla boue m'arrivait jusqu'aux genoux the mud came up to my knees, I was knee-deep in mudoù (en) étions-nous arrivés la semaine dernière? [dans une leçon] where did we get up to ou had we got to last week?j'arrive à un âge où... I've reached an age when...et ses tableaux? — j'y arrive/arrivais what about his paintings? — I'm/I was coming to that3. [rang, résultat] to get[succès] to achievetu as refait l'addition? — oui, j'arrive au même total que toi did you redo the calculations? — yes, I get the same result as yousi tu veux arriver if you want to get on ou to succeed in life4. [pouvoir, réussir à]arriver à faire quelque chose to manage to do something, to succeed in doing somethingtu n'arriveras jamais à la convaincre you'll never manage to convince her, you'll never succeed in convincing hertu m'aides? je n'y arrive pas! can you help me? I can't do ou manage it!5. (locution)(en) arriver à quelque chose [en venir à]: comment peut-on en arriver au suicide? how can anybody get to the point of contemplating suicide?j'en arrive à penser que... I'm beginning to think that...j'en arrive parfois à me demander si... sometimes I (even) wonder if...en arriver là: depuis, je ne lui parle plus — c'est malheureux d'en arriver là since then, I haven't spoken to him — it's a shame it has come to that -
128 BJARGA
* * *I)(berg; barg, burgum; borginn), v.1) to help, save, with dat.;nema Þ. byrgi honum, unless Th. helped him;sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind (viz. against the giants, i. e. Thor);guðs son er öllum heimi barg, who saved the whole world;impers., e-m er borgit, one is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger (brutu skip sitt ok týndu fé öllu, en mönnum varð borgit flestum);bjarga skipshöfn, to rescue the shipwrecked;bjarga skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of the tide;bjarga hval, to secure a dead whale (by dragging it ashore);bjarga konum, to help labouring women (cf. bjargrúnar);bjarga kúm, to attend cows calving;bjarga nám, to render the last service to dead bodies (cf. nábjargir);bjarga sök, máli, to succeed in winning a case, a suit;2) refl., bjargast, to keep up the heart, esp. against cold or hunger;Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in a snow storm);bjargast sjálfr, to gain one’s bread;bjargast á sínar hendr, to support oneself with one’s own hands;bjargast úti, to find one’s food (graze) in the field (of cattle);Snorri góði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly with eating the cheese;verði þér nú at bjargast við slík sem til er, you must now put up with what you can get.(að), v. (rare), = preceding (bjargat mun málinu verða).* * *barg, burgu, borgit; pres. bergr, pl. björgum; imperat. bjarg; pret. subj. byrga: in mod. use after the Reformation this verb is constantly used weak, bjarga, að, pres. bjargar, pret. bjargat; the only remnant of the old is the sup. borgit, etc. In Norway this weak form occurs very early, e. g. bjargar, servat, Hom. 17; in Icel. the weak seldom occurs before the 15th century; bjargaðist, Fs. 143, and bjargat (sup.) = borgit, Lv. 11, are probably due to these passages being left in paper MSS.; the weak bjargaði, however, occurs in a vellum MS. of the 15th century, Þorf. Karl. 388; 1st pers. pres. bjarga, Fms. xi. 150 (MS. 13th century) seems to be a Norse idiom, [Goth. bairgan; Hel. bergan; A. S. beargan; cp. birgr]:—to save, help; with dat., bergr hverjum sem eigi er feigr (a proverb), Sturl. iii. 220; sá er öldum bergr, who saves mankind, viz. against the giants, i. e. Thor, Hým. 22; nema Þorgeirr byrgi honum, Rd. 295: absol., Guð barg (by God’s grace) er konungrinn varð eigi sárr, Fms. v. 268: in theol. sense, vildu þeir eigi snúast til mín at ek byrga þeim, 656 C. 23, Hom. l. c.: impers., e-m er borgit, is saved, comes safe and sound out of danger, Fær. 178, Hkv. Hjörv. 29.2. a law term; b. sök, máli, to find a point of defence; hann bergr þeim kosti sökinni, at …, Grág. i. 40; bergsk hann við bjargkviðinn, he is free by virtue of the verdict, 36; borgit mun nú verða at lögum, i. e. there will be some means of putting it right, Lv. 11, Nj. 36.3. special phrases; b. skipshöfn, to pick up the shipwrecked, Þorf. Karl. l. c., Fms. xi. 412; skipi, to haul a ship out of the reach of tides and waves, Grág. ii. 385; hval, to drag a dead whale ashore, Gþl. 461: to help labouring women (v. bjargrúnar), Sdm. 9; b. nám (v. nábjargir), to render the last service to a dead body, 33; b. kúm, to attend cows casting calf, Bjarn. 32; b. búfé, to milk ewes, N. G. L. i. 10; b. brókum, cacare, Fms. xi. 150.II. recipr. of mutual help; bjargast at allir saman, to be saved all in common, Hkr. ii. 347.III. reflex., bjargask vel, to behave well, keep the heart up, esp. in cold or hunger; Oddr bargst vel á fjallinu (in snow storm), Sturl. iii. 215, Orkn. 324, of one shipwrecked; b. úti, of cattle, to graze, N. G. L. i. 25; b. sjálfr, to gain one’s bread, Grág. i. 294; b. á sínar hendr (spýtur), to support oneself with one’s own hands, Fms. ii. 159: of food or drink, cp. bergja; Snorri goði fann, at nafni hans bargst lítt við ostinn, that he got on slowly eating the cheese, Eb. 244; hann spurði, hví hann byrgist svá lítt (v. l. mataðist svá seint), … why he ate so slowly, id.; verði þér nú at bjargast við slíkt sem til er, you must put up with what you can get, Germ. für lieb nehmen, Eg. 204; hon bað fyrir þær matar ok burgust þær við þat, Clem. 26; hon bjargaðist (= bargst) lítt við þá fæðu er til var, she could hardly eat the food they had (v. l. hjúkaðist), Fs. 174. Part. borginn, used as adj. and even in compar.; impers., erat héra (héri = hegri = duck) at borgnara þótt hæna beri skjöld, the drake is none the better off though a hen shield him, metaph. of a craven, Fs. 174, Fms. vii. 116: [Early Engl. to borrow = to save, ‘who borrowed Susanna out of wo,’ Sir Guy of Warwick.]
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