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1 πυγμή
Grammatical information: f.Meaning: `fist, fist-fight' (Il.); as measure of length = `the distance from the elbow to the knuckles', 18 δάκτυλοι (Thphr., Poll.).Derivatives: πυγμαῖος `as large as a π., dwarf-like' (Hdt., Arist.), nom. pl. "the fistlings", n. of a fable-tale people of dwarves, which was diff. localised (Γ 6, Hecat. etc.); πυγμ-ικός `belonging to fist-fight' (An. Ox.). Shortname Πυγμᾶς m. (Chantraine Études 18). -- On Πυγμαλίων, prob. popular correction of a foreign word, s. Ruijgh L'élém. ach. 136. -- πυγών, όνος m. measure of length = `the distance from the elbow to the first finger-joint', 20 δάκτυλοι (Hdt., X.); from this πυγούσιος `one π. long' (κ 517 = λ 25, Arat.), prob. analog. (Risch 115); a *πυγοντ- (cf. Schwyzer 526) is not credible; regular πυγον-ιαῖος `id.' (Hp., Thphr. a.o.). -- πύκτης m. `fist-fighter' (Xenoph., Pi., Att.) with πυκτ-ικός `belonging to fist-fight(ers), brave in fist-fight' (Att.), - οσύνη f. `skilfulness in fist-fight' (Xenoph.; Wyss - σύνη 31), - εύω `to be a fist-fighter, to have a fist-fight' (Att., Boeot.) with - ευσις, - ευτής (Gloss.), - εῖον (Suid.); also with analog. λ-enlargement - αλεύω (Sophr.), - αλίζω (Anacr.) `id.'. -- πύξ adv. `with the fist, in a fist-fight' (esp. ep. poet. Il.); from it πυγ-μάχος m. `fist-fighter', - μαχέω, - μαχία, - ίη (ep. poet. Hom.), univerbation from πὺξ μάχεσθαι; cf. Georgacas Glotta 36, 180.Origin: IE [Indo-European](X) [828] *puḱ-, puǵ- `sting'Etymology: The above words are all built on an element πυγ-, which function may have been both verbal or nominal. To πυγ-μή cf. in the first instance primary formations like παλάμη (s.v.), στιγ-μή, δραχ-μή, but also the ambivalente ἀκ-μή and he purely nominal ἅλ-μη. Of πυγ-ών remind ἀγκ-ών, λαγ-ών, the first perh. verbal, the last prob. nominal (s. on λαγαίω). Also πύκ-της can be taken both primary and secondarily; for πύξ nominal origin seems most probable (s. Schwyzer 620); cf. still πύξ πυγμή H. -- A corresponding l-deriv. is seen in Lat. pug-il m. `fistfighter', an n-formation in pug-nus m. `fist' (to which pugnāre, pugna; to be connected formally with πυγ-ών?). So we arrive at a Lat.-Gr. pug- `fist'. By Fick, Walde a.o. (s. Bq, WP. 2, 15 and W.-Hofmann s. pugil) this group is further connected with pu-n-g-ō, pu-pug-ī `sting', for which we would have to assume a specialisation of `sting' to `sting with clenched fist and knuckles stretched out forward' = 'box'; so pug- `fist' as suffixless nom. ag. prop. * "the stinger, the boxer"? The (orig.) meaning `sting' can still be seen in Lat. pūgiō `dagger', thus, with final tenuis, in πεύκη a. cogn. (s.v.). -- An original meaning `sting' is rather surprising but Lat. pugio seems a good argument; πεύκη may be unrelated.Page in Frisk: 2,619-620Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πυγμή
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2 πύξ
πύξ [(A)], Adv.A with the fist, π. ἀγαθὸς Πολυδεύκης good with the fist, i.e. at boxing, Il.3.237; πολὺ φέρτατος.. π. Od.8.130;οὐ γὰρ π. γε μαχήσεαι Il.23.621
; π. μὲν ἐνίκησα Κλυτομήδεα ib. 634;περιγιγνόμεθ' ἄλλων π. τε παλαισμοσύνῃ τε Od.8.103
; πειρηθήτω.. ἢ π. ἠὲ πάλῃ ib. 206;οἱ δὲ μάχοντο π. τε καὶ ἑλκηδόν Hes.Sc. 302
; ἄνδρα π. ἀρετὰν εὑρόντα by boxing, Pi.O.7.89; Ἴσθμι' ἑλὼν π. Simon.158, cf. 154;πὺξ πεπληγέμεν Il.23.660
; πατάσσειν, παῖσαι, παίεσθαι, Ar.Ra. 547 (lyr.), X.An.5.8.16, Lys.4.6, etc.;π. ἐπὶ κόρρας ἤλασα Theoc.14.34
; τοὺς δακτύλους π. ἔχειν to have one's fist clenched, Hp.Morb.3.13. (Cf. Lat. pug-nus.)------------------------------------A v. πτύξαγρις.
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ri — abac·te·ri·al; ab·de·ri·an; ab·ka·ri; ac·an·thop·te·ri; ac·an·thu·ri·dae; ac·a·ri·a·sis; ac·a·ri·na; ac·a·ri·nar·i·um; ac·a·ri·nol·o·gy; ac·a·ri·no·sis; ac·ces·so·ri·al; ac·ces·so·ri·us; ac·ci·pit·ri·dae; ac·cus·a·to·ri·al; acera·the·ri·um;… … English syllables
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