principle

mănĕo, nsi, nsum (contr. perf. mansti for mansisti, Lucil. ap. Gell. 18, 8), 2, v. n. and a. [root man, to think; whence the notion of hesitating leads to that of waiting; cf. Gr. menô, menos, mimnêskô, mantis; and Lat. memini, moneo, mens, etc.].

Neutr., to stay, remain anywhere (class.).

In gen.:

ut ut erat, mansum tamen oportuit,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 26:

facilem esse rem, seu maneant, seu proficiscantur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30:

domi,

id. ib. 4, 1:

in loco,

id. B. C. 2, 41:

in patria,

Cic. Off. 3, 26, 99:

si consulem manere ad urbem senatui placuisset,

Liv. 30, 27:

ad exercitum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 51:

uno loco manens,

Nep. Eum. 5, 4:

unum manere diem,

Prop. 2, 9, 20:

decem dies,

Vulg. Gen. 24, 55:

diebus quindecim,

id. Gal. 1, 18.— Impers. pass.:

omnia excogitantur, quare nec sine periculo maneatur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31:

in Italia fortasse manebitur,

Cic. Att. 8, 3, 7; Vell. 2, 16, 4:

manendum eo loco,

Caes. B. C. 3, 74:

hic maneri diutius non potest,

Cic. Att. 11, 15, 3.—

In partic.

To stay, tarry, stop, continue, abide, pass the night ( = pernoctare):

apud aliquem,

Cic. Att. 4, 18, 3:

eo die mansit Venafri,

id. ib. 7, 13, 7:

in tabernaculo,

id. ib. 5, 16, 3:

sub Jove frigido,

Hor. C. 1, 1, 25:

extra domum patris,

Liv. 3, 45, 7:

ad decimum lapidem,

id. 3, 69, 8:

cum is Casilini eo die mansurum eum dixisset = Casilini,

id. 22, 13, 8; cf.:

triduom hoc,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 4:

apud alium mansit,

Sen. Ben. 3, 17, 3:

mane apud me,

Vulg. Gen. 29, 19:

manebis clam,

id. 1 Reg. 19, 2. —In mal. part.: cum masculo mansione muliebri, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 5, 1, 1. —

Pregn., to remain, last, endure, continue [p. 1108] in any place or manner:

si in eo manerent, quod convenisset,

would adhere to, abide by that, Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 5:

in vita,

to remain alive, Cic. Fam. 4, 13, 2:

in veritate,

to adhere to the truth, id. Clu. 63, 176:

in condicione,

to fulfil a condition, id. Att. 7, 15, 3:

in sententia,

to adhere to, id. ib. 9, 2, 1:

in voluntate,

id. Fam. 5, 2, 10:

in pristina mente,

id. Sest. 27, 58:

in officio,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 47:

tu modo promissis maneas,

abide by, keep, Verg. A. 2, 160:

in pactione,

to abide by, Nep. Ages. 2, 4:

an credi posse ullum populum in ea condicione mansurum?

Liv. 8, 21, 6:

mansit in condicione atque pacto,

Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 16:

plerique negant Caesarem in condicione mansurum,

id. Att. 7, 15, 3.—Of inanim. and abstr. subjects:

nihil semper suo statu manet,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

munitiones,

Caes. B. G. 6, 31:

monumenta,

Nep. Them. 10:

regna,

Verg. A. 2, 22: adfinitas. Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 101:

memoria,

Cic. Off. 2, 12, 43:

rerum omnium mutabilium immutabiles manent origines,

Aug. Conf. 1, 2.—With dat.:

manent ingenia senibus,

Cic. Sen. 7, 22:

his bellum,

to continue, not be at an end, Liv. 1, 53:

cujus quidem tibi fatum manet,

awaits, Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 11.— Absol.:

maneat ergo, quod turpe sit, id numquam esse utile,

be it regarded as a settled principle, Cic. Off. 3, 12, 49; id. Mil. 4, 11:

quamobrem illud maneat, et fixum sit, quod neque moveri, etc.,

id. Rab. Post. 9, 25.— Part. act. fut.: mansurus, that which will abide or endure; lasting, permanent:

urbs,

Verg. A. 3, 86.—So part. pres. manens:

civitas,

Vulg. Heb. 13, 14.—

Act., to wait for, await, expect a person or thing (not in Cic. or Cæs.; syn.: opperior, praestolor, expecto).

In gen.:

nunc te, nox, quae me mansisti, mitto ut concedas die,

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 48:

sese,

id. Aul. 4, 6, 14:

non manebat aetas virginis meam neclegentiam,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 16:

hostium adventum mansit,

Liv. 42, 66; Ter. Phorm. 4, 1, 4.—

In partic., to await one (as his fate, portion, etc.), to be about to befall one:

mors sua quemque manet,

Prop. 2, 21, 58 (3, 26, 12):

quis me manet exitus?

Ov. M. 9, 725:

qui si manet exitus urbem,

id. ib. 8, 60:

funera quos maneant,

id. ib. 11, 540:

quae (acerba) manent victos,

Liv. 26, 13 fin.; Suet. Caes. 14; id. Dom. 18:

maneat nostros ea cura nepotes,

Verg. A. 3, 505:

vincula et tribulationes me manent,

Vulg. Act. 20, 23.

nam, conj. [ acc. sing. fem. of pronom. stem na-; cf.: egô-nê, tu-nê; Lat. ne, nae; masc. num; cf.: tum, tam; quom, quam].

To introduce a confirmation or explanation, for (always in prose beginning the sentence; cf.: enim, etenim, and v. infra C.).

Introducing an explanation or fuller statement of something already said.

In gen.:

is pagus appellabatur Tigurinus. Nam omnis civitas Helvetia in quattuor pagos divisa est,

Caes. B. G. 1, 12, 4:

quibus rebus auditis... suas quoque copias in tres partes distribuerunt. Nam praesidio e regione castrorum relicto... reliquas copias, etc.,

id. ib. 7, 61, 5: neque solum colent inter se ac diligent, sed etiam verebuntur. Nam maximum ornamentum amicitiae tollit, qui ex eā tollit verecundiam, Cic. [p. 1185] Lael. 22, 82; id. Part. Or. 11, 38; id. Or. 43, 147; cf.:

pandite atque aperite propere januam hanc Orci, opsecro. Nam equidem haut aliter esse duco,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 2. —

Esp.

To introduce an explanatory parenthetical clause:

omni ratione colenda justitia est, tum ipsa per sese (nam aliter justitia non esset), tum, etc.,

Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42:

et in insulā quae est in Fibreno —nam hoc, opinor, illi alteri flumini nomen est—sermoni reliquo demus operam sedentes,

id. Leg. 2, 1, 1:

tamen is ad id locorum talis vir (nam postea ambitione praeceps datus est), consulatum adpetere non audebat,

Sall. J. 63, 6; Sen. Ep. 40, 9.—

To resume the course of thought after a parenthetical interruption:

hic vero simul... atque me mare transisse cognovit (audi, audi, atque attende...), nam simul ac me Dyrrachium attigisse audivit, etc.,

Cic. Planc. 41, 98:

duplex inde Hannibali gaudium fuit (neque enim quidquam eorum, quae apud hostes agerentur, eum fallebat): nam et liberam Minucii temeritatem se suo modo capturum, et sollertiae Fabii dimidium virium decessisse,

Liv. 22, 28, 1.—

To introduce an example, or several examples, illustrating a general statement, for example, for instance:

sed vivo Catone minores natu multi uno tempore oratores floruerunt. Nam et A. Albinus... et litteratus et disertus fuit. Nam Q. Metellus... in primis est habitus eloquens,

Cic. Brut. 21, 81:

quin etiam easdem causas ut quisque egerit utile erit scire. Nam de domo Ciceronis dixit Calidius, et pro Milone orationem Brutus exercitationis gratiā scripsit,

Quint. 10, 1, 23; 8, 6, 38; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 23.—

Introducing a ground or reason for a fact, command, or principle.

In gen.:

quamobrem, Quirites, celebratote illos dies cum conjugibus ac liberis vestris: nam multi saepe honores dīs immortalibus justi habiti sunt, sed profecto justiores numquam,

Cic. Cat. 3, 10, 23: vires vitaque corpus meum nunc deserit omne: nam me visus homo pulcher, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40:

qui... dilectum habere noluerit. Nam sociorum auxilia aut ita imbecilla sunt, ut non multum nos juvare possint, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 11.—

Esp., introducing the speaker's reason for a particular form of statement, etc.:

Phoenices alias urbes in orā maritumā condidere... nam de Carthagine silere melius puto quam parum dicere,

Sall. J. 19, 1; cf.

Mercuri (nam te docilis magistro Movit Amphion lapides canendo), etc.,

Hor. C. 3, 11, 1;

so in a question: una domus erat, idem victus isque communis... nam quid ego de studiis dicam cognoscendi semper aliquid, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 27, 104:

nam quid ego de cotidiano sermone querimoniāque populi Romani loquar?

id. Verr. 2, 1, 49, § 129.—

Loosely, introducing the speaker's reason for saying what precedes: nam ego ad Menaechmum nunc eo ( I have said this), for, etc., Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 20; id. Trin. 1, 1, 3 Brix ad loc.—So esp. after a general remark, introducing its illustration in the case in hand, Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 58 Spengel ad loc.; id. Most. 5, 1, 3; id. Mil. 2, 1, 17.—

In a still looser connection, introducing a particular fact or argument in support of what precedes, but, now, certainly:

L. Sisennae omnis facultas ex historiā ipsius perspici potest, quae cum facile vincat superiores, tum indicat quantum absit a summo... Nam Q. Hortensii admodum adulescentis ingenium simul aspectum et probatum est,

Cic. Brut. 64, 228; 43, 161; id. Div. 2, 31, 66; 2, 32, 68:

at prooemium aliquando et narrationem dicit malus homo et argumenta sic, ut nihil sit in his requirendum. Nam et latro pugnabit acriter, virtus tamen erit fortitudo,

Quint. 2, 20, 10.—

Ellipt., in reply to a question or remark, where the answer is implied, and nam introduces the reason for it; for assuredly, certainly:

nos hunc Heracliensem, multis civitatibus expetitum... de nostrā civitate eiciemus? Nam si quis minorem gloriae fructum putat ex Graecis versibus percipi quam ex Latinis, vehementer errat,

Cic. Arch. 10, 22 sq.:

numquid ergo hic Lysimachus, felicitate quādam dentibus leonis elapsus, ob hoc cum ipse regnaret mitior fuit? Nam Telesphorum Rhodium amicum suum... in caveā velut novum animal aliquod... pavit,

Sen. de Ira. 3, 17, 3; cf.: de eis rebus, inquit Crassus, quibus sciam poteroque. Tum ille:

nam quod tu non poteris aut nescies, quis nostrum tam impudens est, qui se scire aut posse postulet?

Cic. de Or. 1, 22, 101.—So with particles of asseveration: mehercule, hercule, edepol, etc.: tamen tibi a me nulla orta est injuria. Aes. Nam hercle etiam hoc restat, i. e. not yet; for that is to come hereafter, Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 36: sume, posce, prome quidvis: te facio cellarium. Er. Nam nisi hercle manticinatus probe ero, fusti pectito, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 115:

dicunt ei fere nullam esse columnam, quae ad perpendiculum esse possit. Nam mehercule, inquit, sic agamus: columnae ad perpendiculum exigantur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 133.—

The conjunction nam sometimes follows a word of the clause ( poet. and perh. not ante-Aug.; v. Lachm. ad Lucr. p. 246):

prohibent nam cetera Parcae Scire,

Verg. A. 3, 379:

solam nam perfidus ille Te colere,

id. ib. 4, 421; 10, 585;

1, 444: olim nam quaerere amabam,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 20; 41:

ego nam videor mihi sanus,

id. ib. 2, 3, 302:

his nam plebecula plaudit,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 186.

In transitions.

Introducing a new subject as of secondary importance; but now, on the other hand:

nam quod rumores distulerunt malivoli, Multas contamināsse Graecas, dum facit Paucas Latinas: factum hic esse id non negat, Neque se pigere,

Ter. Heaut. prol. 19:

nam quod purgas eos, quos ego mihi scripsi invidisse, etc.,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2:

nam quod negas te dubitare quin magnā in offensā sim apud Pompeium hoc tempore, non video causam cur ita sit,

id. ib. 9, 2, a, 2; id. Off. 2, 13, 47:

nam auguralis libros ad commune utriusque nostrum otium serva,

id. Fam. 3, 11, 4:

nam Vestae nomen a Graecis est, i. e. though that of Janus, before named, is Latin,

id. N. D. 2, 27, 67; id. Div. 2, 31, 66; 2, 32, 68; Quint. 1, 11, 7; 10, 1, 9.—

Esp., in referring to a consideration too obvious to require discussion, for obviously, for it is certain, etc.:

postremo hoc in pectus tuum demitte, numquam populum Romanum beneficiis victum esse: nam bello quid valeat, tute scis,

Sall. J. 102, 11; Liv. 39, 26, 3; Cic. Tusc. 4, 23, 52; Tac. H. 4, 76.

In interrogations, emphatically, expressing wonder or emotion in the questioner; cf. Gr. gar.

With an interrogative.

Beginning a sentence (anteclass. and poet.): perdidisti omnem operam? Ep. Nam quī perdidi? but how? but why? Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 29:

nam quem ego adspicio?

id. Poen. 5, 3, 3: quid ego ago? Tr. Nam quid tu, malum, me rogitas quid agas? id. Most. 2, 1, 21:

nam quae haec anus est exanimata a fratre quae egressa'st meo?

Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

nam quid ita?

id. Eun. 5, 2, 58:

nam quem? alium habui neminem,

id. ib. 4, 4, 13:

nam quam ob rem? (= quamnam),

Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 2:

nam quā me causā extrusisti ex aedibus?

id. Aul. 1, 1, 5 et saep.:

nam quis te, juvenum confidentissime, nostras Jussit adire domos?

Verg. G. 4, 445 (but cf. Forbig. ad loc. and Kritz ad Sall. J. 19, 2):

nam quae tam sera moratur Segnities?

id. A. 2, 373:

bellua multorum es capitum. Nam quid sequar aut quem?

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 76.—

Joined as enclitic to an interrogative word:

quinam homo hic ante aedīs nostras conqueritur?

Plaut. Aul. 4, 9, 17:

quidnam id est?

id. Trin. 5, 2, 45:

quisnam igitur tuebitur P. Scipionis memoriam mortui?

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 36, § 80:

O di immortales, ubinam gentium sumus?

id. Cat. 1, 4, 9; id. N. D. 1, 10, 24:

sed Allobroges diu in incerto habuere quidnam consilii caperent,

Sall. C. 41, 1.—For quianam, v. quia fin. —

Separated from the interrogative word:

quid tibi ex filio nam, obsecro, aegre est?

Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 27:

quis ea'st nam optuma?

id. Aul. 2, 1, 17; 3, 2, 3:

quid cerussa opus nam?

id. Most. 1, 3, 101:

quis est nam ludus in undis?

Verg. E. 9, 39.—

With num:

num tibi nam, amabo, janua est mordax mea?

Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 1:

num quid nam tibi molestum est, gnate mi, si, etc.,

id. As. 5, 1, 3; cf.:

comicum est et Terentianum numquidnam, cum exemptis num et nam sufficere ad interrogationem potuisset quid,

Donat. ad Ter. And. 1, 4, 8:

num nam haec audivit,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 6:

num quid nam de oratore ipso restat,

Cic. Part. Or. 7, 26.—

Without an interrogative word (very rare): scis nam tibi quae praecepi? Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 51. (For fuller details, v. Hand, Turs. 4, pp. 1-22.)

perconto ( percuncto), āre, 1, v. a. and n. (ante- and post-class.) [v. percontor], to question strictly or particularly, to inquire earnestly: docte percontat, Aeneas quo pacto, etc., Naev. ap. Non. 474, 7:

si percontassem, etc.,

Nov. ib. 474, 5:

quod sedulo percontaveram,

App. M. 11, p. 266, 8.—

percontor, ātus, in pass. signif.: de ovium dentibus opiliones percontantur, are questioned (preceded by quae a grammatico quaerenda sunt), Gell. 16, 6, 11:

percontato pretio,

App. M. 1, p. 113, 14.—Hence, poet., as subst.: percontatum, i, n., = axiôma, a fundamental truth, an established principle, Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 5, 46.

perconto ( percuncto), āre, 1, v. a. and n. (ante- and post-class.) [v. percontor], to question strictly or particularly, to inquire earnestly: docte percontat, Aeneas quo pacto, etc., Naev. ap. Non. 474, 7:

si percontassem, etc.,

Nov. ib. 474, 5:

quod sedulo percontaveram,

App. M. 11, p. 266, 8.—

percontor, ātus, in pass. signif.: de ovium dentibus opiliones percontantur, are questioned (preceded by quae a grammatico quaerenda sunt), Gell. 16, 6, 11:

percontato pretio,

App. M. 1, p. 113, 14.—Hence, poet., as subst.: percontatum, i, n., = axiôma, a fundamental truth, an established principle, Cael. Aur. Acut. 1, 5, 46.

per-pĕtŭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. perpetuior, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 601 P.; sup. perpetuissimus, id. ib.) [peto], continuing throughout, continuous, unbroken, uninterrupted; constant, universal, general, entire, whole, perpetual (syn.:

continuus, assiduus): sulcos perpetuos ducere,

Cato, R. R. 33:

quin aedes totae perpetuae ruant,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 67:

agmen,

Cic. Pis. 22, 51:

munitiones,

Caes. B. C. 3, 44:

palus,

id. B. G. 7, 26:

milites disposuit perpetuis vigiliisque stationibusque,

id. B. C. 1, 21:

perpetuis soliti patres considere mensis,

Verg. A. 7, 176:

vescitur Aeneas... perpetui tergo bovis,

id. ib. 8, 182:

Apenninus perpetuis jugis ab Alpibus tendens ad Siculum fretum,

Plin. 3, 5, 7, § 48:

tractus,

id. 6, 20, 23, § 73:

oratio perpetua (opp. altercatio),

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8; cf. Liv. 4, 6:

disputatio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 16; id. Top. 26, 97:

quaestiones perpetuae hoc adulescente constitutae sunt,

a standing commission, a permanent tribunal for criminal investigation, id. Brut. 27, 105: perpetua historia, a continuous or general history, id. Fam. 5, 12, 2:

colere te usque perpetuom diem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 78:

diem perpetuum in laetitiā degere,

this whole day, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5:

triduum,

id. ib. 4, 1, 4:

biennium,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 12:

ignis Vestae perpetuus ac sempiternus,

Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18:

lex perpetua et aeterna,

id. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

stellarum perennes cursus atque perpetui,

id. ib. 2, 21, 55. stabilis et perpetua permansio, id. Inv. 2, 54, 164:

voluntas mea perpetua et constans in rem publicam,

id. Phil. 13, 6, 13:

formido,

Verg. E. 4, 14:

assidua et perpetua cura,

Cic. Fam. 6, 13, 2:

perpetui scrinia Sili,

of the immortal Silius, Mart. 6, 64, 10.—As subst.: perpĕtŭum, i, n., the abiding, permanent (opp. temporale), Lact. 2, 8, 68.—Hence: in perpetuum (sc. tempus), for all time, forever, in perpetuity, constantly: mulier repperit odium ocius Suā inmunditiā, quam in perpetuom ut placeat munditia sua. Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 6:

serva tibi in perpetuom amicum me,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 81:

in perpetuum comprimi,

Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 30; id. Agr. 2, 21, 55:

obtinere aliquid in perpetuum,

id. Rosc. Am. 48, 139:

non in perpetuum irascetur,

Vulg. Psa. 102, 9 et saep.—So, in perpetuum modum = perpetuo, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 5.—

In partic.

That holds constantly and universally, universal, general:

perpetui juris et universi generis quaestio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 141:

nec arbitror perpetuum quicquam in hoc praecipi posse,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 19:

ne id quidem perpetuum est,

does not always hold good, Cels. 2, 10: illud in quo quasi certamen est controversiae... id ita dici placet, ut traducatur ad perpetuam quaestionem, to a general principle, [p. 1352] Cic. Or. 36, 126.—

In augury: perpetua fulmina, perpetual lighlnings, i. e. whose prognostics refer to one's whole life, Sen. Q. N. 2, 47, 1.—

In gram.:

perpetuus modus,

the infinitive mood, Diom. p. 331 P. —Hence, adv., in three forms, perpetuo (class.), perpetuum ( poet.), and perpetue (late Lat.).

perpĕtŭō, constantly, uninterruptedly, perpetually, always, forever, utterly, hopelessly:

perpetuon' valuisti?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 15:

metuo ne technae meae perpetuo perierint,

id. Most. 3, 1, 23:

dico ut perpetuo pereas,

id. Pers. 2, 4, 10; so,

perpetuo perire,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 13:

opinionem retinere,

Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 2:

loquens,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 63:

sub imperio esse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Ov. M. 10, 97.—

perpĕtŭum, constantly, uninterruptedly, perpetually:

uti,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 99.—

perpĕtŭē, constantly, Cassiod. in Psa. 62, 4.

per-pĕtŭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. perpetuior, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 601 P.; sup. perpetuissimus, id. ib.) [peto], continuing throughout, continuous, unbroken, uninterrupted; constant, universal, general, entire, whole, perpetual (syn.:

continuus, assiduus): sulcos perpetuos ducere,

Cato, R. R. 33:

quin aedes totae perpetuae ruant,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 67:

agmen,

Cic. Pis. 22, 51:

munitiones,

Caes. B. C. 3, 44:

palus,

id. B. G. 7, 26:

milites disposuit perpetuis vigiliisque stationibusque,

id. B. C. 1, 21:

perpetuis soliti patres considere mensis,

Verg. A. 7, 176:

vescitur Aeneas... perpetui tergo bovis,

id. ib. 8, 182:

Apenninus perpetuis jugis ab Alpibus tendens ad Siculum fretum,

Plin. 3, 5, 7, § 48:

tractus,

id. 6, 20, 23, § 73:

oratio perpetua (opp. altercatio),

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8; cf. Liv. 4, 6:

disputatio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 16; id. Top. 26, 97:

quaestiones perpetuae hoc adulescente constitutae sunt,

a standing commission, a permanent tribunal for criminal investigation, id. Brut. 27, 105: perpetua historia, a continuous or general history, id. Fam. 5, 12, 2:

colere te usque perpetuom diem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 78:

diem perpetuum in laetitiā degere,

this whole day, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5:

triduum,

id. ib. 4, 1, 4:

biennium,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 12:

ignis Vestae perpetuus ac sempiternus,

Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18:

lex perpetua et aeterna,

id. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

stellarum perennes cursus atque perpetui,

id. ib. 2, 21, 55. stabilis et perpetua permansio, id. Inv. 2, 54, 164:

voluntas mea perpetua et constans in rem publicam,

id. Phil. 13, 6, 13:

formido,

Verg. E. 4, 14:

assidua et perpetua cura,

Cic. Fam. 6, 13, 2:

perpetui scrinia Sili,

of the immortal Silius, Mart. 6, 64, 10.—As subst.: perpĕtŭum, i, n., the abiding, permanent (opp. temporale), Lact. 2, 8, 68.—Hence: in perpetuum (sc. tempus), for all time, forever, in perpetuity, constantly: mulier repperit odium ocius Suā inmunditiā, quam in perpetuom ut placeat munditia sua. Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 6:

serva tibi in perpetuom amicum me,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 81:

in perpetuum comprimi,

Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 30; id. Agr. 2, 21, 55:

obtinere aliquid in perpetuum,

id. Rosc. Am. 48, 139:

non in perpetuum irascetur,

Vulg. Psa. 102, 9 et saep.—So, in perpetuum modum = perpetuo, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 5.—

In partic.

That holds constantly and universally, universal, general:

perpetui juris et universi generis quaestio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 141:

nec arbitror perpetuum quicquam in hoc praecipi posse,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 19:

ne id quidem perpetuum est,

does not always hold good, Cels. 2, 10: illud in quo quasi certamen est controversiae... id ita dici placet, ut traducatur ad perpetuam quaestionem, to a general principle, [p. 1352] Cic. Or. 36, 126.—

In augury: perpetua fulmina, perpetual lighlnings, i. e. whose prognostics refer to one's whole life, Sen. Q. N. 2, 47, 1.—

In gram.:

perpetuus modus,

the infinitive mood, Diom. p. 331 P. —Hence, adv., in three forms, perpetuo (class.), perpetuum ( poet.), and perpetue (late Lat.).

perpĕtŭō, constantly, uninterruptedly, perpetually, always, forever, utterly, hopelessly:

perpetuon' valuisti?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 15:

metuo ne technae meae perpetuo perierint,

id. Most. 3, 1, 23:

dico ut perpetuo pereas,

id. Pers. 2, 4, 10; so,

perpetuo perire,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 13:

opinionem retinere,

Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 2:

loquens,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 63:

sub imperio esse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Ov. M. 10, 97.—

perpĕtŭum, constantly, uninterruptedly, perpetually:

uti,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 99.—

perpĕtŭē, constantly, Cassiod. in Psa. 62, 4.

per-pĕtŭus, a, um, adj. ( comp. perpetuior, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 601 P.; sup. perpetuissimus, id. ib.) [peto], continuing throughout, continuous, unbroken, uninterrupted; constant, universal, general, entire, whole, perpetual (syn.:

continuus, assiduus): sulcos perpetuos ducere,

Cato, R. R. 33:

quin aedes totae perpetuae ruant,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 67:

agmen,

Cic. Pis. 22, 51:

munitiones,

Caes. B. C. 3, 44:

palus,

id. B. G. 7, 26:

milites disposuit perpetuis vigiliisque stationibusque,

id. B. C. 1, 21:

perpetuis soliti patres considere mensis,

Verg. A. 7, 176:

vescitur Aeneas... perpetui tergo bovis,

id. ib. 8, 182:

Apenninus perpetuis jugis ab Alpibus tendens ad Siculum fretum,

Plin. 3, 5, 7, § 48:

tractus,

id. 6, 20, 23, § 73:

oratio perpetua (opp. altercatio),

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 8; cf. Liv. 4, 6:

disputatio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 16; id. Top. 26, 97:

quaestiones perpetuae hoc adulescente constitutae sunt,

a standing commission, a permanent tribunal for criminal investigation, id. Brut. 27, 105: perpetua historia, a continuous or general history, id. Fam. 5, 12, 2:

colere te usque perpetuom diem,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 78:

diem perpetuum in laetitiā degere,

this whole day, Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 5:

triduum,

id. ib. 4, 1, 4:

biennium,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 12:

ignis Vestae perpetuus ac sempiternus,

Cic. Cat. 4, 9, 18:

lex perpetua et aeterna,

id. N. D. 1, 15, 40:

stellarum perennes cursus atque perpetui,

id. ib. 2, 21, 55. stabilis et perpetua permansio, id. Inv. 2, 54, 164:

voluntas mea perpetua et constans in rem publicam,

id. Phil. 13, 6, 13:

formido,

Verg. E. 4, 14:

assidua et perpetua cura,

Cic. Fam. 6, 13, 2:

perpetui scrinia Sili,

of the immortal Silius, Mart. 6, 64, 10.—As subst.: perpĕtŭum, i, n., the abiding, permanent (opp. temporale), Lact. 2, 8, 68.—Hence: in perpetuum (sc. tempus), for all time, forever, in perpetuity, constantly: mulier repperit odium ocius Suā inmunditiā, quam in perpetuom ut placeat munditia sua. Plaut. Stich. 5, 5, 6:

serva tibi in perpetuom amicum me,

id. Capt. 2, 3, 81:

in perpetuum comprimi,

Cic. Cat. 1, 12, 30; id. Agr. 2, 21, 55:

obtinere aliquid in perpetuum,

id. Rosc. Am. 48, 139:

non in perpetuum irascetur,

Vulg. Psa. 102, 9 et saep.—So, in perpetuum modum = perpetuo, Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 5.—

In partic.

That holds constantly and universally, universal, general:

perpetui juris et universi generis quaestio,

Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 141:

nec arbitror perpetuum quicquam in hoc praecipi posse,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 19:

ne id quidem perpetuum est,

does not always hold good, Cels. 2, 10: illud in quo quasi certamen est controversiae... id ita dici placet, ut traducatur ad perpetuam quaestionem, to a general principle, [p. 1352] Cic. Or. 36, 126.—

In augury: perpetua fulmina, perpetual lighlnings, i. e. whose prognostics refer to one's whole life, Sen. Q. N. 2, 47, 1.—

In gram.:

perpetuus modus,

the infinitive mood, Diom. p. 331 P. —Hence, adv., in three forms, perpetuo (class.), perpetuum ( poet.), and perpetue (late Lat.).

perpĕtŭō, constantly, uninterruptedly, perpetually, always, forever, utterly, hopelessly:

perpetuon' valuisti?

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 15:

metuo ne technae meae perpetuo perierint,

id. Most. 3, 1, 23:

dico ut perpetuo pereas,

id. Pers. 2, 4, 10; so,

perpetuo perire,

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 13:

opinionem retinere,

Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 2:

loquens,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 63:

sub imperio esse,

Caes. B. G. 1, 31; Ov. M. 10, 97.—

perpĕtŭum, constantly, uninterruptedly, perpetually:

uti,

Stat. S. 1, 1, 99.—

perpĕtŭē, constantly, Cassiod. in Psa. 62, 4.

plăcĕo, cŭi and cĭtus, cĭtum, 2, v. n. ( part. fut. pass.:

dos placenda,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 35; v. I. A. fin.) [cf. placo], to please, to be pleasing or agreeable, to be welcome, acceptable, to satisfy (class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

ungor ut illi placeam,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 11:

meo neque cara'st cordi neque placet,

id. Ep. 1, 2, 30:

si placeo, utere,

Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 43:

non placet Antonio consulatus meus: at placuit P. Servilio,

Cic. Phil. 2, 5, 12; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 34: et quae vobis placita est condicio, datur. id. Hec. 2, 1, 44:

nec dubito, quin mihi (Erigona) placitura sit,

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 13:

exspecto quid illis placeat de epistolā ad Caesarem,

id. Att. 13, 1:

tibi Ne Enipeus Plus justo placeat,

Hor. C. 3, 7, 24:

dis, quibus septem placuere colles,

id. C. S. 7; id. Ep. 1, 7, 45; 1, 17, 35:

quid placet aut odio est,

id. ib. 2, 1, 101:

quod spiro et placeo (si placeo) tuum est,

id. C. 4, 3, 24; Plin. 12, 7, 14, § 29:

sibi non placere, quod (Aristides) cupide elaborasset, ut, etc.,

Nep. Arist. 1, 4:

quis gener hic placuit censu minor,

Juv. 3, 160:

Deo placere non possunt,

Vulg. Rom. 8, 8.—As act.:

si illa tibi placet, placenda dos quoque'st quam dat tibi,

must be pleasing, Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 35.—

In partic.

In scenic lang., of players or pieces presented, to please, find favor, give satisfaction:

primo actu placeo, Ter. Hec. prol. alt. 31: cui scenico placenti,

Suet. Ner. 42; id. Galb. 12; id. Vit. 11:

populo ut placerent quas fecisset fabulas,

Ter. And. prol. 3;

id. Hec. prol. alt. 12: ubi (fabulae) sunt cognitae, Placitae sunt,

id. ib. 13.—

Placere sibi, to be pleased or satisfied with one's self, to flatter one's self, to pride or plume one's self:

ego numquam mihi minus quam hesterno die placui,

Cic. de Or. 2, 4, 15:

nolo tibi tam valde placeas,

Petr. 126; Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 63:

tu tibi tunc curruca places,

Juv. 6, 276:

omnes competitores placebant sibi, omnes omnibus displicebant,

Sid. Ep. 7, 9.—

Transf.: placet mihi (tibi, etc.), or simply placet, it pleases me, it seems good, right, or proper to me; it is my opinion, I am of opinion, I hold, believe, intend, purpose; and in perf., placuit, or placitum est, it is decided, resolved, determined (mihi, nobis, etc., or absol.).

In gen.

With dat.:

ut ipsi auctori hujus disciplinae placet,

Cic. Fin. 1, 9, 29:

ut doctissimis sapientissimisque placuit,

id. Div. 1, 49, 110:

postea mihi placuit, ut summorum oratorum Graecas orationes explicarem,

id. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

ita nobis placitum est, ut, etc.,

Auct. Her. 2, 1, 1:

sic Justitiae placitumque Parcis,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 16:

si placitum hoc Superis,

Val. Fl. 3, 296.—With subject-clause:

duo placet esse Carneadi genera visorum,

Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 99; id. Rep. 1, 38, 60:

sic visum Veneri, cui placet impares Formas, etc., mittere,

Hor. C. 1, 33, 10:

quis paria esse fere placuit peccata, laborant, Cum, etc.,

id. S. 1, 3, 96.—

Without dat., Cic. Rep. 1, 46, 70:

sed, si placet, in hunc diem hactenus,

id. ib. 2, 44, 71; id. Sest. 51:

placitum est, ut in aprico maxime pratuli loco considerent,

id. Rep. 1, 12, 18.—With neutr. pron. as subj.:

hocine placet?

Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 16.—With subj.:

placuit ad hunc primum ferremus aditum,

App. M. 4, 9.—With subject-clause:

placet enim esse quiddam in re publicā praestans et regale, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 45, 69; 1, 36, 56:

si enim pecunias aequari non placet,

id. ib. 1, 32, 49:

hos corripi placitum,

Tac. A. 4, 19; 6, 7; Hor. S. 1, 3, 96.—

In partic.

In publicists' lang., to resolve, will, order, determine:

senatui placere, ut C. Pansa, etc.,

Cic. Phil. 14, 14, 38:

senatui placere, C. Cassium, etc.,

id. ib. 11, 12, 30:

deliberatur de Avarico in communi concilio, incendi placeret an defendi,

Caes. B. G. 7, 15:

quamobrem placitum est mihi, ut, etc.,

Cic. Att. 8, 12, A, §

4: edixit, mulieres ante horam quintam venire in theatrum non placere,

Suet. Aug. 44 fin.; cf.:

quid placeat, die,

your decision, Juv. 10, 338.—

Si dis placet, please the gods; and in eccl. writers:

Deo placere,

Vulg. Num. 23, 27; v. deus.— Hence, *

plăcens, entis, P. a., pleasing, charming, dear:

expetendum esse quod non placens sit,

Cic. Fin. 3, 8:

placens uxor,

Hor. C. 2, 14, 21.— Acceptable:

hostia placens Deo,

Vulg. Phil. 4, 18:

sibi placentes,

self-willed, id. 2 Pet. 2, 10.—

plăcĭtus, a, um, P. a., pleasing, agreeable, acceptable (mostly poet.):

placita es simplicitate tuā,

you are pleasing, you please, Ov. Am. 2, 4, 18:

oliva,

Verg. G. 2, 425:

amor,

id. A. 4, 38:

bona,

Ov. H. 17, 98:

in locum ambobus placitum exercitus conveniunt,

Sall. J. 81, 1:

artes,

Tac. A. 2, 66:

exemplum,

id. ib. 4, 37:

eum (regem creari) quasi placitissimum diis. qui, etc.,

Just. 18. 3. 9 (the reading acceptissimum is a later emendation).— Abl. absol.: sic placito ocius surrexit. App. M. 2, 24:

placiti dies,

appointed days, Vulg. 1 Reg. 13, 11.—

Subst.: plăcĭtum, i, n.

Prop., that which is pleasing or agreeable:

ultra placitum laudare,

more than is agreeable, Verg. E. 7, 27.—

Transf.

An opinion, sentiment (post-Aug.):

Catonis placita de olivis,

Plin. 15, 5, 6, § 20.—

A determination, prescription, order:

medicorum placita,

Plin. 14, 22, 28, § 143.—

A maxim, principle:

ipse (Rubellius) placita majorum colebat,

Tac. A. 14, 22:

sapientium placita,

id. ib. 16, 19:

Stoicorum,

id. H. 3, 81:

philosophorum,

id. Or. 19:

nec est quare hoc inter nostra placita mireris,

Sen. Ep. 66, 45:

decreta, quae Graeci vocant dogmata, nobis vel decreta licet adpellare vel scita vel placita,

Sen. Ep. 95, 10: philosophiae placita, id. ib. §

37: Babyloniorum,

Plin. 2, 79, 81, § 191; Col. 9, 2, 1.

prīmĭgĕnĭus, a, um, adj. [primusgeno, gigno].

First of all, first of its kind, original, primitive (ante- and post-class.):

pecuaria,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2:

semina,

id. ib. 1, 40:

seminis fontes,

Amm. 14, 6, 17:

verba,

radical words, primitives, Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.: primigenius sulcus dicitur, qui in condendā novā urbe tauro et vaccā designationis causā imprimitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.—

Subst.

prīmĭgĕnĭa, ōrum, n., the first principle or nature:

rerum,

Amm. 26, 10, 16.—

Prīmĭgĕ-nĭi, ōrum, m., an epithet of the Phrygians, who claimed to be the first men, App. M. 11, p. 259, 7.—

Prīmĭgĕnĭa, ae, f., an epithet of Fortuna, as the attendant of her favorite from birth, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Liv. 29, 36, 8; 34, 53, 5.

prīmĭgĕnĭus, a, um, adj. [primusgeno, gigno].

First of all, first of its kind, original, primitive (ante- and post-class.):

pecuaria,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2:

semina,

id. ib. 1, 40:

seminis fontes,

Amm. 14, 6, 17:

verba,

radical words, primitives, Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.: primigenius sulcus dicitur, qui in condendā novā urbe tauro et vaccā designationis causā imprimitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.—

Subst.

prīmĭgĕnĭa, ōrum, n., the first principle or nature:

rerum,

Amm. 26, 10, 16.—

Prīmĭgĕ-nĭi, ōrum, m., an epithet of the Phrygians, who claimed to be the first men, App. M. 11, p. 259, 7.—

Prīmĭgĕnĭa, ae, f., an epithet of Fortuna, as the attendant of her favorite from birth, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Liv. 29, 36, 8; 34, 53, 5.

prīmĭgĕnĭus, a, um, adj. [primusgeno, gigno].

First of all, first of its kind, original, primitive (ante- and post-class.):

pecuaria,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2:

semina,

id. ib. 1, 40:

seminis fontes,

Amm. 14, 6, 17:

verba,

radical words, primitives, Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.: primigenius sulcus dicitur, qui in condendā novā urbe tauro et vaccā designationis causā imprimitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.—

Subst.

prīmĭgĕnĭa, ōrum, n., the first principle or nature:

rerum,

Amm. 26, 10, 16.—

Prīmĭgĕ-nĭi, ōrum, m., an epithet of the Phrygians, who claimed to be the first men, App. M. 11, p. 259, 7.—

Prīmĭgĕnĭa, ae, f., an epithet of Fortuna, as the attendant of her favorite from birth, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Liv. 29, 36, 8; 34, 53, 5.

prīmĭgĕnĭus, a, um, adj. [primusgeno, gigno].

First of all, first of its kind, original, primitive (ante- and post-class.):

pecuaria,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2:

semina,

id. ib. 1, 40:

seminis fontes,

Amm. 14, 6, 17:

verba,

radical words, primitives, Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.: primigenius sulcus dicitur, qui in condendā novā urbe tauro et vaccā designationis causā imprimitur, Paul. ex Fest. p. 236 Müll.—

Subst.

prīmĭgĕnĭa, ōrum, n., the first principle or nature:

rerum,

Amm. 26, 10, 16.—

Prīmĭgĕ-nĭi, ōrum, m., an epithet of the Phrygians, who claimed to be the first men, App. M. 11, p. 259, 7.—

Prīmĭgĕnĭa, ae, f., an epithet of Fortuna, as the attendant of her favorite from birth, Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; Liv. 29, 36, 8; 34, 53, 5.

tempĕrātĭo, ōnis, f. [tempero].

Lit., a due mingling or tempering of ingredients, fit proportion or combination, symmetry, constitution, temperament (class.; esp. freq. in Cic.);

ut enim corporis temperatio cum ea congruunt inter se, e quibus constamus, sanitas: sic animi dicitur, cum ejus judicia opinionesque concordant: eaque animi est virtus, quam alii ipsam temperantiam dicunt esse, alii obtemperantem temperantiae praeceptis,

Cic. Tusc 4, 13, 30:

corporum,

id. ib. 1, 28, 68;

1, 10, 21: aeris temperatio,

composition, temper, id. Verr 2, 4, 44, § 98; cf. id. Ac. 2, 26, 85:

caerulei temperationes Alexandriae primum sunt inventae,

Vitr. 7, 11; quae a luna ceterisque [p. 1849] sideribus caeli temperatio fit, Cic. Div. 2, 45, 94; so,

caeli,

id. N. D. 2, 5, 13:

temperatio lunae caelique moderatio efficit hoc,

id. Div. 2, 45, 94:

semina temperatione caloris et oriri et augescere,

id. N. D. 2, 10, 26:

mensium temperatio,

id. Leg. 2, 7, 16:

disciplina ac temperatio civitatis,

organization, constitution. id. Tusc. 4, 1, 1:

rei publicae,

id. Leg. 3, 5, 12:

ordinum,

Liv. 9, 46, 15:

temperatio juris, cum potestas in populo, auctoritas in senatu sit,

Cic. Leg. 3, 12, 28: sed praesto est hujus vitii temperatio, quod senatus lege nostra confirmatur auctoritas, a means of moderating, qualifying, or tempering, id. ib. § 27.—

Transf.: sol dux et princeps et moderator luminum reliquorum, mens mundi et temperatio, the organizing or ordering principle, Cic. Rep. 6, 17, 17 (Somn. Scip. 4, 10).

vĭr, vĭri ( gen. plur. virūm, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 251 P., or Ann. v. 280 Vahl.; id. ap. Fest. p. 257 Müll., or Ann. v. 394 Vahl.; Verg. A. 6, 553 al.), m. [Sanscr. vira, hero; the root is in O. H. Germ. weralt; Angl.Sax. veruld; Engl. world, i. e. age or generation of men], a male person, a man (opp. femina; cf. mas).

In gen.:

virum me natam vellem,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 9:

deque viro factus (mirabile') femina,

Ov. M. 3, 326:

ambiguus fuerit modo vir, modo femina Sithon,

id. ib. 4, 280:

mulier conjuncta viro,

Lucr. 5, 1012:

vir mulierque,

Tib. 2, 2, 2:

sapientissimorum nostrae civitatis virorum disputatio,

Cic. Rep. 1, 8, 13:

vir prudens,

id. ib. 1, 12, 18:

clari viri,

id. Fam. 6, 6, 12:

vir clarus et honoratus,

id. Sen. 7, 22:

praestantior,

id. ib. 23, 84:

bonus et sapiens et legibus parens,

id. Fin. 3, 19, 64; cf. id. Off. 3, 15, 64;

v. bonus: optimi (opp. homines improbi),

id. Cael. 5, 12:

fortis,

id. Fin. 3, 8, 29; id. Rep. 1, 3, 5:

turpissimus,

Sall. J. 85, 42:

nefandus,

Verg. A. 4, 498.—

In partic.

A man as related to a woman, a husband, maritus (very freq.):

is (Juppiter) amare occepit Alcumenam clam virum,

Plaut. Am. prol. 107; 111; 134; 1, 3, 4; Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 1:

quem (vultum) dicitur Xanthippe praedicare solita in viro suo fuisse,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 15, 31; id. Verr. 5, 31, 82; id. Cael. 13, 32; id. Fam. 7, 23, 4; Liv. 1, 46, 6; Hor. C. 2, 18, 28; 3, 3, 68; id. S. 1, 2, 127 al.; Ov. M. 1, 146; Petr. 111; Quint. 5, 10, 62; 5, 11, 28; 7, 1, 28; Suet. Aug. 69; id. Calig. 25; id. Claud. 29; id. Ner. 35; id. Dom. 22 al.— Transf., of animals, the male, mate, etc., Verg. E. 7, 7; Ov. M. 1, 660; Mart. 3, 93, 11; Sol. 23.—

A man (opp. a boy):

pueri hoc possunt, viri non potuerunt?

Cic. Tusc. 2, 14, 34:

ex toto non sic pueri ut viri curari debent,

Cels. 3, 7 fin.:

pueroque viroque,

Ov. M. 13, 397:

neque eos (pueros) prius in urbem redire, quam viri facti essent, statuit,

Just. 3, 3, 7:

cum essem parvulus... quando factus sum vir, etc.,

Vulg. 1 Cor. 13, 11.—

Pregn., a man, a man of courage, principle, or honor, one who deserves the name of a man: Marius rusticanus vir, sed plane vir, cum secaretur, vetuit se alligari... Ita et tulit dolorem, ut vir;

et, ut homo, majorem ferre sine causā necessariā noluit,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 22, 53; cf. id. Fam. 5, 17, 3:

cum is jam se corroboravisset ac vir inter viros esset,

id. Cael. 5, 11:

te oro, te colligas virumque praebeas,

id. Fam. 5, 18, 1: si vir esse volet, praeclara sunodia, id. Att. 10, 7, 2:

tum viro et gubernatore opus est,

Liv. 24, 8, 1; 1, 41, 3; 1, 46, 6;

2, 38, 6 et saep.: si quid in Flacco viri est, Non feret,

Hor. Epod. 15, 12.—

In milit. lang.

In gen., like our man, for soldier (syn. miles):

dispertiti viri, dispertiti ordines,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 65; cf.:

boat Caelum fremitu virum,

id. ib. 1, 1, 78: vir [p. 1995] unus cum viro congrediendo, T. Manlius, M. Valerius, quantum Gallicam rabiem vinceret Romana virtus, docuerunt, Liv. 38, 17, 8.—

In partic., as opposed to the cavalry, a foot-soldier (syn. pedes):

equites virique,

Liv. 21, 27, 1:

magnā voce trahens equitemque virosque,

Sil. 9, 559:

passim turmaeque virique, etc.,

Petr. 123.—Hence, prov.: equis viris, or viris equisque, with horse and foot, i. e. with might and main; v. equus.—

With emphasis in place of a pronoun of reference, is, ille, etc.:

fletusque et conploratio fregere tandem virum,

Liv. 2, 40, 9:

hae tantae viri virtutes,

id. 21, 4, 9; Sall. J. 9, 3.—

Distributively, each man, every man:

vir virum legit, of choosing a senator,

Suet. Aug. 35:

vir cum viro congrediaris,

Liv. 22, 14, 14: legitque virum vir, singled out (in battle), Verg. A. 11, 632 (an imitation of Hom. Il. 4, 472: anêr d andr ednopalizen):

cum vir virum legisset,

i. e. a companion in battle, Liv. 9, 39, 5; cf.

, in a sarcastic transfer-: ille (Clodius), qui semper secum scorta, semper exoletos, semper lupas ducebat, tum neminem, nisi ut virum a viro lectum esse diceres,

Cic. Mil. 21, 55.—

Human beings ( poet. homines, opp. pecudes), Ov. M. 1, 286; cf. Verg. A. 6, 553.—

Manhood, virility ( poet. and very rare):

ut relicta sensit sibi membra sine viro,

Cat. 63, 6:

ferro mollita juventus Atque exsecta virum,

Luc. 10, 134.