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practical+efficiency

Толкование Перевод

21 деловитость

жен. business(-) like character, business(-) like manner, efficiency

деловит|ость - ж. practical nature, business ability;
~ый business-like.

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > деловитость
22 хозяйственность

жен. thrift, economy

хозяйственн|ость - ж. good management, managerial efficiency, thrift;
~ый
1. (относящийся к экономике) economic;
~ая жизнь страны the economic life of the country;

2. (ведающий хозяйством учреждения и т. п.) managerial;

3. (служащий для ведения хозяйства) household attr. ;
~ый инвентарь household implements pl., household hardware;
~ые товары household goods;
~ый магазин ironmonger`s, household shop;
~ое мыло laundry/household soap;

4. (расчётливый) practical, thrifty.

Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > хозяйственность
23 learning

сущ.

1)

а) общ. изучение, обучение (процесс получения и усвоения информации или навыков, получаемых от преподавателя, из книги, в ходе практических экспериментов или самостоятельной работы и т. д.)

б) упр. обучение, научение (в теории управления знаниями: процесс самостоятельного обнаружения и увоения нового знания)

continuous learning — постоянное обучение

learning efficiency — эффективность обучения

learning of trade — овладение профессией, изучение ремесла

learning tool — средство обучения

The learning of new skills is hard for our senior employees who are nearing retirement. — Освоение новых навыков является трудным процессом для наших пожилых сотрудников, которые близки к пенсионному возрасту.

See:

action learning, active learning, adaptive learning, benchlearning, cooperative learning, distance learning, interactive learning, learning by doing, learning by experience, learning by insight, learning in circles, learning via correspondence, linear learning, machine learning, nonlinear learning, organizational learning, overlearning, practical learning, proactive learning, production learning, rational learning, theoretical learning, vicarious learning, work-based learning, standard learning hierarchy

2) общ. обученность, степень обученности ( подготовленности); навык, уровень знаний, эрудиция

See:

consumer learnings

3) с.-х. обучение, дрессировка

See:

learn, learner

Англо-русский экономический словарь > learning
24 PACE

1) Компьютерная техника: Plan Activate Check And Enable

2) Медицина: Patient Administrative Cycle Enhancements, Progressive Accelerating Cardiopulmonary Exertion

3) Военный термин: Pacific Airlift Center, Pacific alternate command element, Portable Acoustic Collection Equipment, Program Acquisition Cost Estimate, performance analysis by continuous evaluation, performance and cost evaluation, pocket automatic coding equipment, programmed automatic communications equipment, provisioning action control evaluation

4) Техника: phased array control electronics, prelaunch automatic checkout equipment

5) Химия: Process Analytical Control Equipment

6) Религия: Packet Of Accelerated Christian Education, Personal Application Of Christian Education

7) Юридический термин: Pro Active Criminal Enforcement, Probe Alert Challenge And Emergency, Programmed Activities For Correctional Education, Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984

8) Политика: ПАСЕ (Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe), Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Парламентская ассамблея Совета Европы

9) Телекоммуникации: Personal Audio Computer Editing

10) Сокращение: Phased-Array Control Electronics, Producible Alternative to Cadmium telluride for Epitaxy, Proving & Adjustment for Communications Efficiency

11) Университет: Program For Accelerated College Education, Program For Adult College Education, Project For Adult College Education

12) Физиология: Post Abortion Counseling And Education, Processing Acceleration And Cerebral Enhancement

13) Электроника: Programmable Arcade Circuit Emulator

14) Вычислительная техника: Priority Access Control Enabled, processing and control element, program analysis control and evaluation, Priority Access Control Enabled (3Com, Ethernet)

15) Транспорт: Pilot Aircraft Courtesy Evaluation

16) Фирменный знак: Photographers At The Creative Edge

17) Деловая лексика: Philadelphia Automated Communication and Execution System, Plan Activate Check Enable, Planners Architects And Consulting Engineers, Providing Access To Capital For Entrepreneurs, Purpose Audience Capacity Evaluation

18) Образование: Parents Advancing Christian Education, Parents Advocacy Coordination And Education, Peer Adolescent Conflict Education, Personal And Community Enrichment, Positive Attitude Creates Excitement, Positive Attitudes Change Everything, Positive Attitudes Complement Education, Practical Academic And Cultural Education, Pride Arrogance Conflict And Enmity, Processing And Cognitive Education, Promoting A Challenging Education

19) Сетевые технологии: технология контроля приоритетов доступа к носителю, управление с возможностью приоритетного доступа

20) Контроль качества: performance-and-cost evaluation

21) Расширение файла: Priority Access Control Enabled (3Com)

22) МИД: Parliamentary Assembly of the CE

23) Общественная организация: Presidents Award For Chapter Excellence

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PACE
25 PE

1) Общая лексика: физкультура, программируемая электр (основана на использовании компьютерных технологий и может включать в себя аппаратные средства и программное обеспечение, а также устройства ввода и/или вывода, см. IEC 61508-4 и ГОСТ Р МЭК 61508-4-2007)

2) Компьютерная техника: Preinstallation Environment, Print Environment, Protection Enabled

3) Биология: protein equivalent

4) Медицина: point estimate (точечная оценка), (перед названием лабораторного оборудования означает) производства фирмы Perkin Elmer, physical examination (физикальное обследование), pericardial effusion, plasma exchange

5) Разговорное выражение: физра (school slang, abbreviated 'физкультура')

6) Американизм: Predictive Environment

7) Спорт: Playful Exercise, Presumptive Eligibility, физическое воспитание

8) Военный термин: Peace Enforcement, Personnel Equipment, Planning Element, Preliminary Exploitation, Procurement Executive, peacetime establishment, performance engineer, performance evaluation, peripheral equipment, personal effects, personal equipment, personnel equivalent, personnel error, personnel, enlisted, petroleum engineer, physical education, physical examination, pilot error, pistol expert, planning estimate, plastic explosive, point expanding, point of explosion, pontoon equipment, port of embarkation, position error, post engineer, post exchange, potential excess, power equipment, practical exercise, preliminary evaluation, prime equipment, procedures evaluation, production engineering, production executive, professional education, professional examination, program element, project engineer, purchased equipment

9) Техника: packing effect, paraelectric, phase-encoded format, picture element, pinch effect, power engineer, power engineering, program evaluation, program/erase, (Pinion End)

10) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Extrusion, performance efficiency

11) Шутливое выражение: Paranoia Expletive, Perfect Edition

12) Химия: Poly Ethylene

13) Математика: вероятная ошибка (probable error), допустимая погрешность (permissible error)

14) Метеорология: Planet Earth

15) Железнодорожный термин: Consolidated Rail Corporation

16) Бухгалтерия: Price Earnings

17) Биржевой термин: price-earnings multiple

18) Грубое выражение: Penis Envy, Pump Events

19) Политика: Peru, Political Economy

20) Телекоммуникации: на стороне провайдера (provider edge), сторона провайдера

21) Сокращение: Peace Establishment, Permanent Echo, Peru (NATO country code), Prince Edward island, Printer's Error, Processor Element, Procurement Executive (UK), Professional Engineer, Program Element (USA), Protective Entrance, Protestant Episcopal, periodic, photoelectric, pinion end, potential energy, probable error, pulley end, Phase-Encoded, Prince Edward Islands, physical exam, pulmonary embolism

22) Физика: Positron Emission

23) Физиология: Painful Experience, Penis Exercises, Performance Enhanced, Physical Extents, Point Of Entry, Pulmonary Edema

24) Электроника: PiezoElectric, Power Envelope

25) Вычислительная техника: Phase Encoding, paper end, phase encryption, portable executable, Processing Element (MPP), Portable eXecutable (Win32, Java), конец бумаги, фазовое кодирование

26) Нефть: photoelectric effect, plain end, pumping equipment, защитное заземление, инженер-нефтяник (petroleum engineer), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), оценка технических характеристик (performance evaluation)

27) Биотехнология: phycoerythrin

28) Силикатное производство: porcelain enameling, powder enameling

29) Парфюмерия: полиэтилен

30) Фирменный знак: Pacific Electro Dynamics

31) Экология: Populations Ecosystem, population equivalent

32) Налоги: (сокр. от) permanent establishment = постоянное представительство

33) Деловая лексика: Period End, Project Enterprise, отношение цены акции к доходу (price-earnings)

34) Бурение: гладкий конец (plain end; ненарезанный)

35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Preliminary engineering, Project Expansion, pressurized enclosure, без резьбы на одном конце

36) Образование: физкультура (напр., в школе)

37) Полимеры: pentaerythritol, permissible error, polyethylene, primary esterification

38) Программирование: programmable electronic

39) Химическое оружие: Principal Engineer, particulate emission, project engineering

40) Макаров: polyester fiber

41) Безопасность: Privacy-Enhanced

42) Расширение файла: Parity Even, Processing Element, Processing Elements, Protect Enable

43) Электротехника: Protection Earth, (protective earthing) заземление, protective earth

44) Снабжение: procurement engineer

45) Должность: Person Equivalent, Petroleum Engineering, Price To Engineers, Punctuation Editor

46) Чат: Pretty Exciting

47) NYSE. PeCo Energy Company

48) НАСА: Physical Extent

49) Программное обеспечение: Premium Edition, Professional Edition

50) Оргтехника: paper exit

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PE
26 Pe

1) Общая лексика: физкультура, программируемая электр (основана на использовании компьютерных технологий и может включать в себя аппаратные средства и программное обеспечение, а также устройства ввода и/или вывода, см. IEC 61508-4 и ГОСТ Р МЭК 61508-4-2007)

2) Компьютерная техника: Preinstallation Environment, Print Environment, Protection Enabled

3) Биология: protein equivalent

4) Медицина: point estimate (точечная оценка), (перед названием лабораторного оборудования означает) производства фирмы Perkin Elmer, physical examination (физикальное обследование), pericardial effusion, plasma exchange

5) Разговорное выражение: физра (school slang, abbreviated 'физкультура')

6) Американизм: Predictive Environment

7) Спорт: Playful Exercise, Presumptive Eligibility, физическое воспитание

8) Военный термин: Peace Enforcement, Personnel Equipment, Planning Element, Preliminary Exploitation, Procurement Executive, peacetime establishment, performance engineer, performance evaluation, peripheral equipment, personal effects, personal equipment, personnel equivalent, personnel error, personnel, enlisted, petroleum engineer, physical education, physical examination, pilot error, pistol expert, planning estimate, plastic explosive, point expanding, point of explosion, pontoon equipment, port of embarkation, position error, post engineer, post exchange, potential excess, power equipment, practical exercise, preliminary evaluation, prime equipment, procedures evaluation, production engineering, production executive, professional education, professional examination, program element, project engineer, purchased equipment

9) Техника: packing effect, paraelectric, phase-encoded format, picture element, pinch effect, power engineer, power engineering, program evaluation, program/erase, (Pinion End)

10) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Extrusion, performance efficiency

11) Шутливое выражение: Paranoia Expletive, Perfect Edition

12) Химия: Poly Ethylene

13) Математика: вероятная ошибка (probable error), допустимая погрешность (permissible error)

14) Метеорология: Planet Earth

15) Железнодорожный термин: Consolidated Rail Corporation

16) Бухгалтерия: Price Earnings

17) Биржевой термин: price-earnings multiple

18) Грубое выражение: Penis Envy, Pump Events

19) Политика: Peru, Political Economy

20) Телекоммуникации: на стороне провайдера (provider edge), сторона провайдера

21) Сокращение: Peace Establishment, Permanent Echo, Peru (NATO country code), Prince Edward island, Printer's Error, Processor Element, Procurement Executive (UK), Professional Engineer, Program Element (USA), Protective Entrance, Protestant Episcopal, periodic, photoelectric, pinion end, potential energy, probable error, pulley end, Phase-Encoded, Prince Edward Islands, physical exam, pulmonary embolism

22) Физика: Positron Emission

23) Физиология: Painful Experience, Penis Exercises, Performance Enhanced, Physical Extents, Point Of Entry, Pulmonary Edema

24) Электроника: PiezoElectric, Power Envelope

25) Вычислительная техника: Phase Encoding, paper end, phase encryption, portable executable, Processing Element (MPP), Portable eXecutable (Win32, Java), конец бумаги, фазовое кодирование

26) Нефть: photoelectric effect, plain end, pumping equipment, защитное заземление, инженер-нефтяник (petroleum engineer), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), оценка технических характеристик (performance evaluation)

27) Биотехнология: phycoerythrin

28) Силикатное производство: porcelain enameling, powder enameling

29) Парфюмерия: полиэтилен

30) Фирменный знак: Pacific Electro Dynamics

31) Экология: Populations Ecosystem, population equivalent

32) Налоги: (сокр. от) permanent establishment = постоянное представительство

33) Деловая лексика: Period End, Project Enterprise, отношение цены акции к доходу (price-earnings)

34) Бурение: гладкий конец (plain end; ненарезанный)

35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Preliminary engineering, Project Expansion, pressurized enclosure, без резьбы на одном конце

36) Образование: физкультура (напр., в школе)

37) Полимеры: pentaerythritol, permissible error, polyethylene, primary esterification

38) Программирование: programmable electronic

39) Химическое оружие: Principal Engineer, particulate emission, project engineering

40) Макаров: polyester fiber

41) Безопасность: Privacy-Enhanced

42) Расширение файла: Parity Even, Processing Element, Processing Elements, Protect Enable

43) Электротехника: Protection Earth, (protective earthing) заземление, protective earth

44) Снабжение: procurement engineer

45) Должность: Person Equivalent, Petroleum Engineering, Price To Engineers, Punctuation Editor

46) Чат: Pretty Exciting

47) NYSE. PeCo Energy Company

48) НАСА: Physical Extent

49) Программное обеспечение: Premium Edition, Professional Edition

50) Оргтехника: paper exit

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Pe
27 pace

1) Компьютерная техника: Plan Activate Check And Enable

2) Медицина: Patient Administrative Cycle Enhancements, Progressive Accelerating Cardiopulmonary Exertion

3) Военный термин: Pacific Airlift Center, Pacific alternate command element, Portable Acoustic Collection Equipment, Program Acquisition Cost Estimate, performance analysis by continuous evaluation, performance and cost evaluation, pocket automatic coding equipment, programmed automatic communications equipment, provisioning action control evaluation

4) Техника: phased array control electronics, prelaunch automatic checkout equipment

5) Химия: Process Analytical Control Equipment

6) Религия: Packet Of Accelerated Christian Education, Personal Application Of Christian Education

7) Юридический термин: Pro Active Criminal Enforcement, Probe Alert Challenge And Emergency, Programmed Activities For Correctional Education, Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984

8) Политика: ПАСЕ (Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe), Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Парламентская ассамблея Совета Европы

9) Телекоммуникации: Personal Audio Computer Editing

10) Сокращение: Phased-Array Control Electronics, Producible Alternative to Cadmium telluride for Epitaxy, Proving & Adjustment for Communications Efficiency

11) Университет: Program For Accelerated College Education, Program For Adult College Education, Project For Adult College Education

12) Физиология: Post Abortion Counseling And Education, Processing Acceleration And Cerebral Enhancement

13) Электроника: Programmable Arcade Circuit Emulator

14) Вычислительная техника: Priority Access Control Enabled, processing and control element, program analysis control and evaluation, Priority Access Control Enabled (3Com, Ethernet)

15) Транспорт: Pilot Aircraft Courtesy Evaluation

16) Фирменный знак: Photographers At The Creative Edge

17) Деловая лексика: Philadelphia Automated Communication and Execution System, Plan Activate Check Enable, Planners Architects And Consulting Engineers, Providing Access To Capital For Entrepreneurs, Purpose Audience Capacity Evaluation

18) Образование: Parents Advancing Christian Education, Parents Advocacy Coordination And Education, Peer Adolescent Conflict Education, Personal And Community Enrichment, Positive Attitude Creates Excitement, Positive Attitudes Change Everything, Positive Attitudes Complement Education, Practical Academic And Cultural Education, Pride Arrogance Conflict And Enmity, Processing And Cognitive Education, Promoting A Challenging Education

19) Сетевые технологии: технология контроля приоритетов доступа к носителю, управление с возможностью приоритетного доступа

20) Контроль качества: performance-and-cost evaluation

21) Расширение файла: Priority Access Control Enabled (3Com)

22) МИД: Parliamentary Assembly of the CE

23) Общественная организация: Presidents Award For Chapter Excellence

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pace
28 pe

1) Общая лексика: физкультура, программируемая электр (основана на использовании компьютерных технологий и может включать в себя аппаратные средства и программное обеспечение, а также устройства ввода и/или вывода, см. IEC 61508-4 и ГОСТ Р МЭК 61508-4-2007)

2) Компьютерная техника: Preinstallation Environment, Print Environment, Protection Enabled

3) Биология: protein equivalent

4) Медицина: point estimate (точечная оценка), (перед названием лабораторного оборудования означает) производства фирмы Perkin Elmer, physical examination (физикальное обследование), pericardial effusion, plasma exchange

5) Разговорное выражение: физра (school slang, abbreviated 'физкультура')

6) Американизм: Predictive Environment

7) Спорт: Playful Exercise, Presumptive Eligibility, физическое воспитание

8) Военный термин: Peace Enforcement, Personnel Equipment, Planning Element, Preliminary Exploitation, Procurement Executive, peacetime establishment, performance engineer, performance evaluation, peripheral equipment, personal effects, personal equipment, personnel equivalent, personnel error, personnel, enlisted, petroleum engineer, physical education, physical examination, pilot error, pistol expert, planning estimate, plastic explosive, point expanding, point of explosion, pontoon equipment, port of embarkation, position error, post engineer, post exchange, potential excess, power equipment, practical exercise, preliminary evaluation, prime equipment, procedures evaluation, production engineering, production executive, professional education, professional examination, program element, project engineer, purchased equipment

9) Техника: packing effect, paraelectric, phase-encoded format, picture element, pinch effect, power engineer, power engineering, program evaluation, program/erase, (Pinion End)

10) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Extrusion, performance efficiency

11) Шутливое выражение: Paranoia Expletive, Perfect Edition

12) Химия: Poly Ethylene

13) Математика: вероятная ошибка (probable error), допустимая погрешность (permissible error)

14) Метеорология: Planet Earth

15) Железнодорожный термин: Consolidated Rail Corporation

16) Бухгалтерия: Price Earnings

17) Биржевой термин: price-earnings multiple

18) Грубое выражение: Penis Envy, Pump Events

19) Политика: Peru, Political Economy

20) Телекоммуникации: на стороне провайдера (provider edge), сторона провайдера

21) Сокращение: Peace Establishment, Permanent Echo, Peru (NATO country code), Prince Edward island, Printer's Error, Processor Element, Procurement Executive (UK), Professional Engineer, Program Element (USA), Protective Entrance, Protestant Episcopal, periodic, photoelectric, pinion end, potential energy, probable error, pulley end, Phase-Encoded, Prince Edward Islands, physical exam, pulmonary embolism

22) Физика: Positron Emission

23) Физиология: Painful Experience, Penis Exercises, Performance Enhanced, Physical Extents, Point Of Entry, Pulmonary Edema

24) Электроника: PiezoElectric, Power Envelope

25) Вычислительная техника: Phase Encoding, paper end, phase encryption, portable executable, Processing Element (MPP), Portable eXecutable (Win32, Java), конец бумаги, фазовое кодирование

26) Нефть: photoelectric effect, plain end, pumping equipment, защитное заземление, инженер-нефтяник (petroleum engineer), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), оценка технических характеристик (performance evaluation)

27) Биотехнология: phycoerythrin

28) Силикатное производство: porcelain enameling, powder enameling

29) Парфюмерия: полиэтилен

30) Фирменный знак: Pacific Electro Dynamics

31) Экология: Populations Ecosystem, population equivalent

32) Налоги: (сокр. от) permanent establishment = постоянное представительство

33) Деловая лексика: Period End, Project Enterprise, отношение цены акции к доходу (price-earnings)

34) Бурение: гладкий конец (plain end; ненарезанный)

35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Preliminary engineering, Project Expansion, pressurized enclosure, без резьбы на одном конце

36) Образование: физкультура (напр., в школе)

37) Полимеры: pentaerythritol, permissible error, polyethylene, primary esterification

38) Программирование: programmable electronic

39) Химическое оружие: Principal Engineer, particulate emission, project engineering

40) Макаров: polyester fiber

41) Безопасность: Privacy-Enhanced

42) Расширение файла: Parity Even, Processing Element, Processing Elements, Protect Enable

43) Электротехника: Protection Earth, (protective earthing) заземление, protective earth

44) Снабжение: procurement engineer

45) Должность: Person Equivalent, Petroleum Engineering, Price To Engineers, Punctuation Editor

46) Чат: Pretty Exciting

47) NYSE. PeCo Energy Company

48) НАСА: Physical Extent

49) Программное обеспечение: Premium Edition, Professional Edition

50) Оргтехника: paper exit

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pe
29 invention

изобретение

- invention covered by a patent
- invention in contemplation
- invention made in common
- invention reduced to practice
- hide the invention
- invention of application
- invention of no avail
- abandoned invention
- accidental invention
- actual invention
- additional invention
- AEC contract invention
- aggregative invention
- alleged invention
- atomic energy invention
- basic invention
- biotechnological invention
- broad invention
- chemical invention
- claimed invention
- cognate inventions
- combination invention
- communicated inventions
- company's invention
- competing invention
- complete invention
- contemplated invention
- dead wood invention
- declassified invention
- defense invention
- defensive invention
- dependent invention
- derived invention
- design invention
- developing invention
- disclosed invention
- distinct invention
- domestic invention
- economic invention
- efficiency promoting invention
- employee's invention
- epoch-making invention
- finished invention
- foreign invention
- fraudulent invention
- free invention
- frivolous invention
- fully disclosed invention
- fundamental invention
- gene-based invention
- generic invention
- home invention
- immature invention
- imperfect invention
- incidental invention
- incomplete invention
- independent invention
- individual invention
- ineffective invention
- injurious invention
- interfering invention
- joint invention
- labor saving invention
- later invention
- main invention under the PCT
- method invention
- military invention
- narrow invention
- new invention
- novel invention
- obvious invention
- ordinary invention
- original invention
- outsider's invention
- paper invention
- patentable invention
- patented invention
- pioneer invention
- pioneering invention
- practical invention
- practically operative invention
- prior invention
- process invention
- proposed invention
- protected invention
- purported invention
- recognized invention
- recommended invention
- registered invention
- revolutionizing invention
- scandalous invention
- secret invention
- service invention
- simple invention
- specific invention
- subordinate invention
- supplementary invention
- supposed invention
- trivial invention
- unfinished invention
- unobvious invention
- unpatentable invention
- unpatented invention
- unrealizable invention
- useful invention
- utility invention
- vicious invention
- works invention
- worthless invention
* * *

изобретение (решение технической задачи, обладающее новизной и дающее положительный эффект)

Patent terms dictionary > invention
30 test

1.
[test]noun

1) (examination) (Sch.) Klassenarbeit, die; (Univ.) Klausur, die; (short examination) Test, der

put somebody/something to the test — jemanden/etwas erproben

2) (critical inspection, analysis) Test, der

3) (basis for evaluation) Prüfstein, der

4) (Cricket) Testmatch, das
2. transitive verb
1) (examine, analyse) untersuchen [Wasser, Gehör, Augen]; testen [Gehör, Augen, Produkt]; prüfen [Schüler]; überprüfen [Hypothese, Aussage, Leitungen]

test somebody for Aids — jemanden auf Aids untersuchen

2) (try severely) auf die Probe stellen

Phrasal Verbs:

- academic.ru/92598/test_out">test out

* * *
[test] 1. noun
1) (a set of questions or exercises intended to find out a person's ability, knowledge etc; a short examination: an arithmetic/driving test.) die Prüfung

2) (something done to find out whether a thing is good, strong, efficient etc: a blood test.) die Probe

3) (an event, situation etc that shows how good or bad something is: a test of his courage.) der Test

4) (a way to find out if something exists or is present: a test for radioactivity.) die Untersuchung

5) (a test match.) der Vergleichskampf
2. verb
(to carry out a test or tests on (someone or something): The students were tested on their French; They tested the new aircraft.) prüfen

- test match
- test pilot
- test-tube
* * *

test

[test]

I. n

1. (of knowledge, skill) Prüfung f, Test m; SCH Klassenarbeit f; UNIV Klausur f

aptitude \test Eignungstest m

driving \test Fahrprüfung f

IQ \test Intelligenztest m

oral/practical/written \test mündliche/praktische/schriftliche Prüfung

to fail a \test eine Prüfung nicht bestehen

to give sb a \test jdn prüfen

I'll give the kids a vocabulary \test today ich lasse die Kinder heute einen Vokabeltest schreiben

to pass a \test eine Prüfung bestehen

to take a \test einen Test [o eine Prüfung] machen

2. MED, SCI (examination) Untersuchung f, Test m

I'm going to have an eye \test tomorrow ich lasse mir morgen die Augen untersuchen

blood \test Blutuntersuchung f

pregnancy \test Schwangerschaftstest m

urine \test Urinprobe f

to do [or perform] [or carry out] a \test eine Untersuchung durchführen

to have a \test sich akk untersuchen lassen, sich akk einer Untersuchung unterziehen geh

3. (of metallurgy) Versuchstiegel m, Kapelle f

4. (of efficiency) Test m

safety \test Sicherheitsprüfung f, Sicherheitstest m

to undergo a \test sich akk einem Test unterziehen

5. (challenge) Herausforderung f, Prüfung f fig

to be a real \test of sth eine echte Herausforderung für etw akk sein, etw auf eine harte Probe stellen

that was a real \test of his endurance das war für ihn eine wirkliche Belastungsprobe

to put sth to the \test etw auf die Probe stellen

6. SPORT (cricket)

▪ T\test [match] Testmatch nt

7.

▶ the acid \test die Feuerprobe

▶ to stand the \test of time die Zeit überdauern

II. vt

1. (for knowledge, skill)

▪ to \test sb jdn prüfen [o testen]

I expect they will want to \test my shorthand and typing ich denke, man wird mich in Steno und Schreibmaschine prüfen

2. (try to discover)

▪ to \test sth etw untersuchen [o geh erkunden]

we should \test the parents' reaction before we go ahead with the changes wir sollten erst einmal die Reaktion der Eltern abwarten, bevor wir weitere Änderungen vornehmen

3. (check performance)

▪ to \test sth etw testen [o überprüfen

4. (for medical purposes)

▪ to \test sth etw untersuchen

I was \tested for HIV before I gave blood vor dem Blutspenden wurde ich auf Aids untersucht

to \test sb's blood eine Blutuntersuchung durchführen

to \test sb's eyes jds Augen untersuchen

to \test sb's hearing jds Hörvermögen testen

5. SCH

▪ to \test sth etw abfragen [o prüfen]

▪ to \test sb jdn prüfen

to \test sb's IQ [or intelligence] jds IQ testen

▪ to \test sth SCI etw testen [o untersuchen]

how can we \test the presence of oxygen in this sample? wie können wir den Sauerstoffgehalt in dieser Probe ermitteln?

they \tested the strength of the acid samples sie analysierten die Konzentration der Säureproben

6. (try to prove)

▪ to \test sth etw überprüfen

to \test a theory eine Theorie zu beweisen versuchen

7.

▪ to \test sth (by touching) etw prüfen; (by tasting) etw probieren [o geh kosten]

she \tested the water by dipping her toes into the pool sie testete mit ihren Zehen die Wassertemperatur im Becken

8. (try to the limit)

▪ to \test sb/sth jdn/etw auf die Probe stellen

9.

▶ to \test the patience of a saint [or of Job] eine harte Geduldsprobe sein

those kids' behaviour would \test the patience of Job bei diesen Kindern muss man wirklich eine Engelsgeduld haben

▶ to \test the water(s) die Stimmung testen

III. vi MED einen Test machen

she \tested positive for HIV ihr Aidstest ist positiv ausgefallen

* * *
[test]
1. n

1) (SCH) Klassenarbeit f; (UNIV) Klausur f; (short) Kurzarbeit f, Test m; (= intelligence test, psychological test etc) Test m; (= driving test) (Fahr)prüfung f

he gave them a vocabulary test — er ließ eine Vokabel- or Wörterarbeit schreiben; (orally) er hat sie Vokabeln abgefragt

this is a test of public opinion — damit wird die öffentliche Meinung ausgelotet

to put sb/sth to the test — jdn/etw auf die Probe stellen

to stand the test — die Probe bestehen

their marriage didn't stand up to the test of separation — ihre Ehe hat die Trennung nicht verkraftet

to stand the test of time — die Zeit überdauern

that was a real test of character/his endurance — das war eine wirkliche Charakterprüfung/Belastungsprobe für ihn

to pass one's test (Aut) — die (Fahr)prüfung bestehen

to fail one's test (Aut) — (durch die (Fahr)prüfung) durchfallen

2) (on vehicle, product, weapon etc) Test m; (= check) Kontrolle f

3) (= chemical test) Test m, Untersuchung f

a skin test — ein Hauttest

to do a test for sugar — einen Zuckertest machen, eine Untersuchung auf Zucker machen

the samples were sent for tests — die Proben wurden zur Untersuchung geschickt

4)

See:

= test match

2. adj attr
Test-
test model — Testmodell nt

3. vt

1) (= examine, check) testen, prüfen; (SCH) pupil prüfen; (orally) abfragen; person, intelligence testen; (fig) auf die Probe stellen

the teacher tested them on that chapter —

to test sb for a job — jds Eignung für eine Stelle prüfen or testen

to test sb/sth for accuracy — jdn/etw auf Genauigkeit prüfen

I just wanted to test your reaction — ich wollte nur mal sehen, wie du reagierst

have you been tested? (for AIDS etc) — hast du dich testen lasen?, hast du einen Test gemacht?

2) (chemically) gold prüfen; water, contents of stomach etc untersuchen

to test sth for sugar — etw auf seinen Zuckergehalt untersuchen

the blood samples were sent for testing or to be tested — die Blutproben wurden zur Untersuchung geschickt

4. vi
Tests/einen Test machen; (chemically also) untersuchen (for auf +acc)
testing, testing one, two, three! —

we are testing for a gas leak/loose connection — wir überprüfen die Leitung auf eine undichte Stelle, wir überprüfen, ob irgendwo Gas austritt/ein Anschluss locker ist

* * *

test¹ [test]

A s

1. allg, auch TECH Probe f, Versuch m, Test m

2. a) Prüfung f, Untersuchung f, Stichprobe f

b) fig Probe f, Prüfung f:

a severe test eine strenge Prüfung, fig eine harte Probe;

put to the test auf die Probe stellen;

put to the test of experience praktisch erproben;

stand the test die Probe bestehen, ( auch stand the test of time) sich bewähren;

test of nerves Nervenprobe;

test of strength Kraftprobe; → crucial 1

3. Prüfstein m, Prüfungsmaßstab m, Kriterium n:

success is not a fair test

4. SCHULE, PSYCH Test m, (Eignungs-, Leistungs) Prüfung f

5. MED (Blut- etc) Probe f, Test m

6. CHEM

a) Analyse f

b) Reagens n

c) Nachweis m, Prüfbefund m

7. METALL

a) Versuchstiegel m, Kapelle f

b) Treibherd m

8. Probebohrung f (nach Öl)

9. → test match

10. Br HIST Testeid m:

Test Act Testakte f (Gesetz von 1673);

take the test den Testeid leisten

B v/t

1. ( for sth auf etwas [hin]) prüfen ( auch SCHULE) oder untersuchen, erproben, einer Prüfung unterziehen, testen ( alle auch TECH):

test out ausprobieren;

test sth with ( oder on) etwas testen an (dat)

2. a) einen Torhüter testen, auf die Probe stellen, jemandes Geduld etc auch auf eine harte Probe stellen:

don’t test my patience! meine Geduld ist gleich zu Ende!

b) Reifen etc beanspruchen

3. SCHULE, PSYCH etc jemanden testen

4. CHEM analysieren

5. ELEK eine Leitung prüfen, abfragen

6. MATH die Probe machen auf (akk)

7. MIL etc ein Gewehr etc auch anschießen

C adj Probe…, Versuchs…, Prüf(ungs)…, Test…:

test circuit ELEK Messkreis m;

test drive AUTO Probefahrt f;

give a car a test drive → test-drive;

test flight FLUG Probe-, Testflug m;

test run TECH Probelauf m (einer Maschine etc);

test track AUTO Teststrecke f

test² [test] s

1. ZOOL harte Schale (von Mollusken etc)

2. → testa

double-blind experiment ( double-blind experiment oder test) s PHARM, PSYCH Doppelblindversuch m

* * *
1.
[test]noun

1) (examination) (Sch.) Klassenarbeit, die; (Univ.) Klausur, die; (short examination) Test, der

put somebody/something to the test — jemanden/etwas erproben

2) (critical inspection, analysis) Test, der

3) (basis for evaluation) Prüfstein, der

4) (Cricket) Testmatch, das
2. transitive verb
1) (examine, analyse) untersuchen [Wasser, Gehör, Augen]; testen [Gehör, Augen, Produkt]; prüfen [Schüler]; überprüfen [Hypothese, Aussage, Leitungen]

test somebody for Aids — jemanden auf Aids untersuchen

2) (try severely) auf die Probe stellen

Phrasal Verbs:

- test out

* * *

n.

Probe -n f.

Prüfung -en f.

Test -s m.

Untersuchung f. v.

prüfen v.

English-german dictionary > test
31 useful

adjective

1) nützlich; praktisch [Werkzeug, Gerät, Auto]; brauchbar [Rat, Idee, Wörterbuch]; hilfreich [Gespräch, Rat, Idee]

he is a useful person to know — es ist nützlich, ihn zu kennen

this is useful to know — das ist gut zu wissen

be useful to somebody — jemandem od. für jemanden nützlich sein; jemandem nützen

somebody finds something useful — etwas nützt jemandem

make oneself useful — sich nützlich machen

2) (coll.): (worthwhile) ordentlich (ugs.); ansehnlich [Betrag, Stück, Arbeit]

* * *

adjective (helpful or serving a purpose well: a useful toolionary; She made herself useful by doing the washing for her mother.) nützlich

* * *

use·ful

[ˈju:sf^əl]

adj

1. (practical, functional) nützlich, praktisch, brauchbar ( for für + akk)

let him mow the lawn, he likes to feel \useful lass ihn den Rasen mähen, er hat gerne das Gefühl, gebraucht zu werden

do the exercises serve any \useful purpose? sind diese Übungen für irgendetwas gut?

\useful bits of information nützliche [o wertvolle] Informationen

to make oneself \useful sich akk nützlich machen

2. ( approv: advantageous) wertvoll

Spanish is a very \useful language to know es ist sehr vorteilhaft, Spanisch zu können

that voucher could come in \useful when we go shopping wir können den Gutschein vielleicht gut gebrauchen, wenn wir einkaufen gehen

to prove \useful sich akk als nützlich erweisen

3. ( approv: effective) nutzbringend attr, hilfreich; discussion ergiebig

aspirins are \useful for headaches Aspirin hilft gegen Kopfschmerzen

the TV has a \useful life of ten years die Lebensdauer des Fernsehers beträgt zehn Jahre

4. ( fam: competent) gut

he's a \useful teacher/tennis player er ist ein fähiger Lehrer/versierter Tennisspieler

he's a \useful person to have if you get into trouble es ist ganz gut, ihn zu kennen, wenn man in Schwierigkeiten gerät

he plays a \useful hand of bridge er spielt ziemlich gut Bridge

to be \useful with a gun/knife gut mit der Schusswaffe/dem Messer umgehen können

to be \useful with one's hands handwerklich geschickt sein

* * *
['juːsfUl]
adj

1) nützlich; person, citizen, contribution, addition wertvoll, nützlich; (= handy) tool, language praktisch, nützlich; size zweckmäßig; discussion fruchtbar; life, employment nutzbringend

it is useful for him to be able to... — das ist günstig or praktisch, dass er... kann

to make oneself useful — sich nützlich machen

he likes to feel useful —

he wants to be useful to others — er möchte anderen nützen

thank you, you've been very useful — vielen Dank, Sie haben mir/uns etc sehr geholfen

is that useful information? — nützt diese Information etwas?

to come in useful — sich als nützlich erweisen

we spent a useful week in London —

that's useful! (iro) — das nützt uns was!

he's a useful man to know — es ist sehr nützlich ihn zu kennen

that advice was most useful to me — der Rat hat mir sehr genützt

that's a useful thing to know —

it has a useful life of 10 years — es hat eine Nutzungsdauer von 10 Jahren

the machine has reached the end of its useful life — die Maschine hat das Ende ihrer Nutzungsdauer erreicht

these drugs are useful in treating cancer — diese Medikamente sind bei der Krebsbehandlung nützlich

you may find it useful to discuss the problem with your doctor — es könnte hilfreich sein, wenn Sie das Problem mit Ihrem Arzt besprechen würden

to perform a useful function — eine sinnvolle Funktion haben

to prove useful — sich als nützlich erweisen

they ought to be doing something useful with their time — sie sollten etwas Sinnvolles mit ihrer Zeit anfangen

2) (inf) (= capable) player brauchbar, fähig; (= creditable) score wertvoll

to be useful with one's hands — geschickt mit den Händen sein

he's quite useful with a gun/his fists — er kann ziemlich gut mit der Pistole/seinen Fäusten umgehen

* * *

useful [ˈjuːsfʊl] adj (adv usefully)

1. nützlich, brauchbar, (zweck)dienlich, zweckmäßig, (gut) verwendbar:

a useful man ein brauchbarer Mann;

useful talks nützliche Gespräche;

make o.s. useful sich nützlich machen

2. besonders TECH Nutz…, nutzbar, Wirk…:

useful current Wirkstrom m;

useful efficiency Nutzleistung f;

useful load Nutzlast f;

useful plant Nutzpflanze f

* * *

adjective

1) nützlich; praktisch [Werkzeug, Gerät, Auto]; brauchbar [Rat, Idee, Wörterbuch]; hilfreich [Gespräch, Rat, Idee]

he is a useful person to know — es ist nützlich, ihn zu kennen

this is useful to know — das ist gut zu wissen

be useful to somebody — jemandem od. für jemanden nützlich sein; jemandem nützen

somebody finds something useful — etwas nützt jemandem

make oneself useful — sich nützlich machen

2) (coll.): (worthwhile) ordentlich (ugs.); ansehnlich [Betrag, Stück, Arbeit]

* * *

adj.

nützlich adj.

sinnvoll adj.

English-german dictionary > useful
32 test

test [test]

1. noun

   a. ( = trial) essai m

• the plane was grounded for tests l'avion a été retiré de la circulation pour être soumis à des vérifications

• nuclear tests essais mpl nucléaires

   b. (on blood, urine) analyse f ; (on organ) examen m

• he sent a specimen to the laboratory for tests il a envoyé un échantillon au laboratoire pour analyses

• hearing test examen m de l'ouïe

   c. ( = gauge) the test of any democracy is... une démocratie se reconnaît à...

• it's a test of his strength cela teste ses forces

• it wasn't a fair test of her abilities cela n'a pas permis d'évaluer correctement ses aptitudes

• to put to the test mettre à l'épreuve

• it has stood the test of time cela a (bien) résisté à l'épreuve du temps

   d. (for student) (written) devoir m sur table ; (oral) interrogation f orale

• practical test épreuve f pratique

• to pass the test (figurative) bien se tirer de l'épreuve

   e. (for driver) examen m du permis de conduire

• my test is on Wednesday je passe mon permis mercredi

• to pass/fail one's test être reçu/échouer au permis

   f. (Cricket, rugby) match m international

2. transitive verb

tester ; [+ goods] vérifier ; [+ blood, urine] faire une analyse (or des analyses) de ; [+ new drug] expérimenter ; [+ person] mettre à l'épreuve ; [+ sight, hearing] tester

• to test the water (for swimming) prendre la température de l'eau

• they tested him for diabetes ils l'ont soumis à des analyses pour voir s'il avait le diabète

• to test sb for drugs/alcohol faire subir un contrôle antidopage/un alcootest ® à qn

• he tested us on the new vocabulary il nous a interrogés sur le nouveau vocabulaire

• they tested him for the job ils lui ont fait passer des tests d'aptitude pour le poste

3. intransitive verb

• he tested positive for drugs son contrôle antidopage était positif

• they were testing for a gas leak ils faisaient des essais pour découvrir une fuite de gaz

4. compounds

► test ban treaty noun traité m d'interdiction d'essais nucléaires

► test case noun affaire f qui fait jurisprudence

► test drive noun essai m sur route

► test flight noun vol m d'essai

► test match noun (Cricket, Rugby) match m international

► test paper noun ( = exam) interrogation f écrite

► test pilot noun pilote m d'essai

► test run noun (literal) essai m ; (figurative) période f d'essai

► test tube noun éprouvette f

► test-tube baby noun bébé-éprouvette m

► test out separable transitive verb essayer

* * *
[test] 1.
noun

1) (of person, ability, resources) gen épreuve f, Psychology test m; School, University ( written) contrôle m; ( oral) épreuve f orale

a method that has stood the test of time — une méthode éprouvée

tomorrow's match should be a good test of the team's capabilities — le match de demain devrait permettre de savoir de quoi l'équipe est capable

the best test of a good novel is... — le meilleur critère pour juger de la valeur d'un roman est...

2) Commerce, Industry, Technology essai m

3) Medicine (of blood, urine) analyse f; ( of organ) examen m; (to detect virus, cancer) test m de dépistage; Chemistry analyse f

4) Automobile (also driving test) examen m du permis de conduire
2.
transitive verb

1) gen évaluer [intelligence, efficiency]; School ( in classroom) interroger (on en); ( at exam time) contrôler; Psychology tester

2) Commerce, Technology essayer; Medicine, Chemistry analyser [blood, urine, sample]; expérimenter [new drug]

to have one's eyes tested — se faire faire un examen des yeux

he was tested for Aids — on lui a fait subir un test de dépistage du sida

all the new equipment has been tested for faults — le nouveau matériel a été entièrement testé et essayé

to test the water — [swimmer] prendre la température de l'eau; fig tâter le terrain

3) ( strain) mettre [quelque chose] à l'épreuve [strength, patience]
3.
intransitive verb

to test for starch/for alcohol — ( in laboratory) faire une recherche d'amidon/d'alcool

to test for an infection/allergy — faire des analyses pour trouver la cause d'une infection/allergie

his blood tested negative — son analyse de sang a été négative

English-French dictionary > test
33 test

1) испытание; испытания || испытывать

2) проверка; контроль || проверять; контролировать

3) тест; тестирование || тестировать

4) результат испытания

5) стат. критерий

•

test for circularity — проверка круглости ( образца-изделия);

test in situ — натурные испытания ( в эксплуатационных условиях)

test on the actual unit — натурные испытания ( в эксплуатационных условиях)

to dry test — испытывать без резания, испытывать станок без резания, испытывать на холостом ходу

test with modeling — испытания с использованием моделей

- abrasion test
- accelerated test
- acceptance test
- alignment test
- alternative test
- angular test
- approval test
- axial load test
- axial test
- back-to-back test
- balance test
- bar-to-bar test
- benchmark test
- bend test
- bending fatigue test
- bending test
- bend-over test
- black-band test
- blow-bending test
- blueing test
- bond test
- brake test
- braking test
- breaking test
- Brinell hardness test
- Brinell test
- buckling test
- calibrated driving machine test
- calibration test
- calorimetric test
- camera-aided test
- carbon test
- certification test
- Charpy impact test
- Charpy test
- check test
- check-out test
- closure test
- cold bend test
- cold pressing test
- collision test
- commissioning test
- commutation test
- comparative test
- compression test
- computer-aided design and test
- computer-assisted fault isolation test
- cone-indentation test
- cone-thrust test
- conformance test
- controlled test
- core test
- corrosion fatigue test
- corrosion test
- creep test
- cutting test
- deflection tests
- destruction test
- destructive test
- determinative test
- development test
- developmental test
- diagnostic test
- diamond-pyramid hardness test
- discrimination test
- disk test
- drawing test
- driving test
- driving-profile test
- drop test
- durability test
- dynamic test
- dynamometer test
- eddy current test
- efficiency test
- electrical back-to-back test
- end-to-end test
- endurance test
- environmental test
- etching test
- evaluation test
- extraction test
- facing test
- factory test
- fatigue test
- fault detection test
- fault location test
- field test
- final test
- flattening test
- flex life test
- flexural test
- flexure test
- forging test
- friction test
- frictional test
- full-scale test
- functional test
- gear life test
- geometric test
- geometrical test
- grab test
- ground test
- hardness test
- harmonic test
- high-voltage test
- hydraulic pressure test
- hydraulic test
- identification tests
- impact test
- impulse test
- in-process test
- inspection test
- investigation test
- Jominy test
- L-2 test
- lab test
- laboratory test
- leak test
- life test
- light load test
- load test
- machinability test
- machine tool alignment test
- machine tool test
- machining performance test
- magnetic test
- maintenance test
- mechanical test
- micrographic test
- monitoring test
- noise-level test
- no-load test
- nondestructive test
- official test
- open-circuit test
- operating test
- optimality test
- out-of-control tests
- overhead load test
- overload test
- overspeed test
- peel test
- performance test
- periodic test
- periodical test
- practical test
- precision test
- predelivery test
- preinstallation test
- preliminary test
- preproduction test
- preventive test
- production test
- production-type test
- profile tests
- proof test
- qualification test
- quality assurance test
- quality conformance test
- quality performance test
- random test
- ravel test
- reduced test
- reliability compliance test
- reliability determination test
- reliability test
- response test
- retardation test
- rig test
- roller fatigue test
- roller life test
- routine check tests
- routine test
- running test
- rupture test
- safety test
- saline droplet corrosion test
- sampling test
- scoring test
- sequential test
- service test
- shear test
- shearing test
- shock test
- short test
- simulated service test
- single test
- soft test
- sound test
- special test
- stability test
- standard test
- starting test
- state tests
- static bending test
- static test
- step stress test
- storage test
- straightening test
- strength test
- strip test
- sudden short-circuit test
- sustained power test
- sustained short-circuit test
- tear test
- tear-apart test
- temperature-rise test
- tensile test
- tension test
- test of the accuracy
- thermal test
- time-restricted test
- tool wear test
- torsional test
- transportability test
- trouble-free assurance test
- trouble-free quality assurance test
- Turing test
- twist test
- twisting test
- type approval test
- type test
- upsetting test
- use test
- validation test
- vibration test
- waveform test
- wear test
- working test

English-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > test
34 test

[test] n

1) (of knowledge, skill) Prüfung f, Test m; sch Klassenarbeit f; univ Klausur f;

aptitude \test Eignungstest m;

driving \test Fahrprüfung f;

IQ \test Intelligenztest m;

oral/ practical/written \test mündliche/praktische/schriftliche Prüfung;

to fail a \test eine Prüfung nicht bestehen;

to give sb a \test jdn prüfen;

I'll give the kids a vocabulary \test today ich lasse die Kinder heute einen Vokabeltest schreiben;

to pass a \test eine Prüfung bestehen;

to take a \test an einem Test [o einer Prüfung] teilnehmen

2) med, sci ( examination) Untersuchung f, Test m;

I'm going to have an eye \test tomorrow ich lasse mir morgen die Augen untersuchen;

blood \test Blutuntersuchung f;

pregnancy \test Schwangerschaftstest m;

urine \test Urinprobe f;

to do [or perform] [or carry out] a \test eine Untersuchung durchführen;

to have a \test sich akk untersuchen lassen, sich akk einer Untersuchung unterziehen ( geh)

3) ( of metallurgy) Versuchstiegel m, Kapelle f

4) ( of efficiency) Test m;

safety \test Sicherheitsprüfung f, Sicherheitstest m;

to undergo a \test sich akk einem Test unterziehen

5) ( challenge) Herausforderung f, Prüfung f ( fig)

to be a real \test of sth eine echte Herausforderung für etw akk sein, etw auf eine harte Probe stellen;

that was a real \test of his endurance das war für ihn eine wirkliche Belastungsprobe;

to put sth to the \test etw auf die Probe stellen

6) sports ( cricket)

T\test Testmatch nt

PHRASES:

the acid \test die Feuerprobe;

to stand the \test of time die Zeit überdauern vt

1) (for knowledge, skill)

to \test sb jdn prüfen [o testen];

I expect they will want to \test my shorthand and typing ich denke, man wird mich in Steno und Schreibmaschine prüfen

2) ( try to discover)

to \test sth etw untersuchen [o ( geh) erkunden];

we should \test the parents' reaction before we go ahead with the changes wir sollten erst einmal die Reaktion der Eltern abwarten, bevor wir weitere Änderungen vornehmen

3) ( check performance)

to \test sth etw testen [o überprüfen];

4) ( for medical purposes)

to \test sth etw untersuchen;

I was \tested for HIV before I gave blood vor dem Blutspenden wurde ich auf Aids untersucht;

to \test sb's blood eine Blutuntersuchung durchführen;

to \test sb's eyes jds Augen untersuchen;

to \test sb's hearing jds Hörvermögen testen

5) sch

to \test sth etw abfragen [o prüfen];

to \test sb jdn prüfen;

to \test sb's IQ [or intelligence] jds IQ testen;

to \test sth sci etw testen [o untersuchen];

how can we \test the presence of oxygen in this sample? wie können wir den Sauerstoffgehalt in dieser Probe ermitteln?;

they \tested the strength of the acid samples sie analysierten die Konzentration der Säureproben

6) ( try to prove)

to \test sth etw überprüfen;

to \test a theory eine Theorie zu beweisen versuchen

7) to \test sth ( by touching) etw prüfen;

( by tasting) etw probieren [o ( geh) kosten];

she \tested the water by dipping her toes into the pool sie testete mit ihren Zehen die Wassertemperatur im Becken

8) ( try to the limit)

to \test sb/ sth jdn/etw auf die Probe stellen

PHRASES:

to \test the patience of a saint [or of Job] eine harte Geduldsprobe sein;

those kids' behaviour would \test the patience of Job bei diesen Kindern muss man wirklich eine Engelsgeduld haben;

to \test the water(s) die Stimmung testen vi med einen Test machen;

she \tested positive for HIV ihr Aidstest ist positiv ausgefallen

English-German students dictionary > test
35 standard

1) стандарт, норма, норматив || стандартный, типовой, нормативный; общепринятый, обычный

2) технические требования

3) эталон; образец; мера; мерило

4) стандартный сорт; стандартный образец

5) проба (золота и серебра) || установленной пробы

6) (денежная) система, (денежный) стандарт

7) уровень

8) стандарт (мера объёма пиломатериалов)

- above the standard

- below the standard

- be de facto on a gold standard

- come off the gold standard

- discard as a standard

- set standards

- up to the world standard

- standard of alloy

- standard of behavior

- standards of credit worthiness

- standard of deferred payments

- standard of living

- standard of price

- standard of profitability

- standard of value

- standards of weight and fineness

- standard of well-being

- standards of work

- ABC standard

- air-emissions standards

- alternate time standard

- basic standards

- beat-practice standard

- bimetallic standard

- clean-air standard

- commercial standard

- company standard

- consumption standard

- contractual standards

- cost standards

- cost-quality standards

- cotton standard

- credit standards

- design standards

- direct labor standard

- double standard

- downtime standard

- draft standard

- effluent standard

- engineering standard

- environmental standards

- factory standard

- federal emission control standards

- feed input standard

- fiduciary standard

- flexible standard

- gold standard

- gold-bullion standard

- gold coin standard

- gold-exchange standard

- gold specie standard

- guaranteed time standard

- imperial standards

- indirect labor standard

- industrial standard

- in-plant standard

- labor efficiency standard

- labor performance standard

- labor quantity standard

- labor rate standard

- land standard

- legal standard

- limping standard

- livestock input and output standards

- load-shedding standard

- loose standard

- lot quality standard

- managerial performance standard

- mandatory standard

- minimum standard

- monetary standard

- normal standard

- output standard

- paper standard

- parking standard

- performance standard

- performance quality standard

- permissive standard

- practical standard

- present standards of weight and fineness

- presumptive standard

- product standard

- production standard

- productivity standard

- professional standard

- prohibitory standard

- rural standard of living

- safety standards

- shop practice standard

- single standard

- statutory standard

- stream water quality standard

- summary standards

- synthetic time standard

- target standard

- temporary standard

- tentative standard

- tight standard

- time standard

- trading standard

- watercourse standard

- weight standards

- working standard

- workmanship standard

Англо-русский словарь по экономике и финансам > standard
36 anticipated operating conditions

anticipated operating conditions

Those conditions which are known from experience or which can be reasonably envisaged to occur during the operational life of the aircraft taking into account the operations for which the aircraft is made eligible, the conditions so considered being relative to the meteorological state of the atmosphere, to the configuration of terrain, to the functioning of the aircraft, to the efficiency of personnel and to all the factors affecting safety in flight. Anticipated operating conditions do not include:

a) those extremes which can be effectively avoided by means of operating procedures; and

b) those extremes which occur so infrequently that to require the Standards to be met in such extremes would give a higher level of airworthiness than experience has shown to be necessary and practical.

(AN 8)

ожидаемые условия эксплуатации

Услoвия, кoтoрыe стaли извeстны из прaктики или вoзникнoвeниe кoтoрых мoжнo с дoстaтoчным oснoвaниeм прeдвидeть в тeчeниe срoкa службы вoздушнoгo суднa с учeтoм eгo нaзнaчeния. Эти услoвия зaвисят oт мeтeoрoлoгичeскoгo сoстoяния aтмoсфeры, рeльeфa мeстнoсти, функциoнирoвaния вoздушнoгo суднa, квaлификaции пeрсoнaлa и всeх прoчих фaктoрoв, влияющих нa бeзoпaснoсть пoлётa. Oжидaeмыe услoвия эксплуaтaции нe включaют:

a) экстрeмaльныe услoвия, кoтoрые мoжнo успeшнo избeжaть путeм испoльзoвaния сooтвeтствующих прaвил эксплуатации;

b) экстрeмaльныe услoвия, кoтoрыe вoзникaют нaстoлькo рeдкo, чтo трeбoвaниe выпoлнять Cтaндaрты в oтнoшeнии этих услoвий привeлo бы к oбeспeчeнию бoлee высoкoгo урoвня лётнoй гoднoсти, чeм этo нeoбхoдимo и прaктичeски oбoснoвaнo.

International Civil Aviation Vocabulary (English-Russian) > anticipated operating conditions
37 optimized production technology

Ops

a sophisticated production planning and control system, based on finite loading procedures, that concentrates on reducing bottlenecks in the system in order to improve efficiency. The key task of OPT is to increase total systems throughput by realizing existing capacity in other parts of the system. OPT is a practical application of the theory of constraints.

Abbr. OPT

The ultimate business dictionary > optimized production technology
38 Ferranti, Sebastian Ziani de

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity, Public utilities

[br]

b. 9 April 1864 Liverpool, England

d. 13 January 1930 Zurich, Switzerland

[br]

English manufacturing engineer and inventor, a pioneer and early advocate of high-voltage alternating-current electric-power systems.

[br]

Ferranti, who had taken an interest in electrical and mechanical devices from an early age, was educated at St Augustine's College in Ramsgate and for a short time attended evening classes at University College, London. Rather than pursue an academic career, Ferranti, who had intense practical interests, found employment in 1881 with the Siemens Company (see Werner von Siemens) in their experimental department. There he had the opportunity to superintend the installation of electric-lighting plants in various parts of the country. Becoming acquainted with Alfred Thomson, an engineer, Ferranti entered into a short-lived partnership with him to manufacture the Ferranti alternator. This generator, with a unique zig-zag armature, had an efficiency exceeding that of all its rivals. Finding that Sir William Thomson had invented a similar machine, Ferranti formed a company with him to combine the inventions and produce the Ferranti- Thomson machine. For this the Hammond Electric Light and Power Company obtained the sole selling rights.

In 1885 the Grosvenor Gallery Electricity Supply Corporation was having serious problems with its Gaulard and Gibbs series distribution system. Ferranti, when consulted, reviewed the design and recommended transformers connected across constant-potential mains. In the following year, at the age of 22, he was appointed Engineer to the company and introduced the pattern of electricity supply that was eventually adopted universally. Ambitious plans by Ferranti for London envisaged the location of a generating station of unprecedented size at Deptford, about eight miles (13 km) from the city, a departure from the previous practice of placing stations within the area to be supplied. For this venture the London Electricity Supply Corporation was formed. Ferranti's bold decision to bring the supply from Deptford at the hitherto unheard-of pressure of 10,000 volts required him to design suitable cables, transformers and generators. Ferranti planned generators with 10,000 hp (7,460 kW)engines, but these were abandoned at an advanced stage of construction. Financial difficulties were caused in part when a Board of Trade enquiry in 1889 reduced the area that the company was able to supply. In spite of this adverse situation the enterprise continued on a reduced scale. Leaving the London Electricity Supply Corporation in 1892, Ferranti again started his own business, manufacturing electrical plant. He conceived the use of wax-impregnated paper-insulated cables for high voltages, which formed a landmark in the history of cable development. This method of flexible-cable manufacture was used almost exclusively until synthetic materials became available. In 1892 Ferranti obtained a patent which set out the advantages to be gained by adopting sector-shaped conductors in multi-core cables. This was to be fundamental to the future design and development of such cables.

A total of 176 patents were taken out by S.Z. de Ferranti. His varied and numerous inventions included a successful mercury-motor energy meter and improvements to textile-yarn produc-tion. A transmission-line phenomenon where the open-circuit voltage at the receiving end of a long line is greater than the sending voltage was named the Ferranti Effect after him.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1927. President, Institution of Electrical Engineers 1910 and 1911. Institution of Electrical Engineers Faraday Medal 1924.

Bibliography

18 July 1882, British patent no. 3,419 (Ferranti's first alternator).

13 December 1892, British patent no. 22,923 (shaped conductors of multi-core cables). 1929, "Electricity in the service of man", Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 67: 125–30.

Further Reading

G.Z.de Ferranti and R. Ince, 1934, The Life and Letters of Sebastian Ziani de Ferranti, London.

A.Ridding, 1964, S.Z.de Ferranti. Pioneer of Electric Power, London: Science Museum and HMSO (a concise biography).

R.H.Parsons, 1939, Early Days of the Power Station Industry, Cambridge, pp. 21–41.

GW

Biographical history of technology > Ferranti, Sebastian Ziani de
39 Poulsen, Valdemar

SUBJECT AREA: Broadcasting, Electronics and information technology, Recording, Telecommunications

[br]

b. 23 November 1869 Copenhagen, Denmark

d. 23 July 1942 Gentofte, Denmark

[br]

Danish engineer who developed practical magnetic recording and the arc generator for continuous radio waves.

[br]

From an early age he was absorbed by phenomena of physics to the exclusion of all other subjects, including mathematics. When choosing his subjects for the final three years in Borgedydskolen in Christianshavn (Copenhagen) before university, he opted for languages and history. At the University of Copenhagen he embarked on the study of medicine in 1889, but broke it off and was apprenticed to the machine firm of A/S Frichs Eftf. in Aarhus. He was employed between 1893 and 1899 as a mechanic and assistant in the laboratory of the Copenhagen Telephone Company KTAS. Eventually he advanced to be Head of the line fault department. This suited his desire for experiment and measurement perfectly. After the invention of the telegraphone in 1898, he left the laboratory and with responsible business people he created Aktieselskabet Telegrafonen, Patent Poulsen in order to develop it further, together with Peder Oluf Pedersen (1874– 1941). Pedersen brought with him the mathematical background which eventually led to his professorship in electronic engineering in 1922.

The telegraphone was the basis for multinational industrial endeavours after it was demonstrated at the 1900 World's Exhibition in Paris. It must be said that its strength was also its weakness, because the telegraphone was unique in bringing sound recording and reproduction to the telephone field, but the lack of electronic amplifiers delayed its use outside this and the dictation fields (where headphones could be used) until the 1920s. However, commercial interest was great enough to provoke a number of court cases concerning patent infringement, in which Poulsen frequently figured as a witness.

In 1903–4 Poulsen and Pedersen developed the arc generator for continuous radio waves which was used worldwide for radio transmitters in competition with Marconi's spark-generating system. The inspiration for this work came from the research by William Duddell on the musical arc. Whereas Duddell had proposed the use of the oscillations generated in his electric arc for telegraphy in his 1901 UK patent, Poulsen contributed a chamber of hydrogen and a transverse magnetic field which increased the efficiency remarkably. He filed patent applications on these constructions from 1902 and the first publication in a scientific forum took place at the International Electrical Congress in St Louis, Missouri, in 1904.

In order to use continuous waves efficiently (the high frequency constituted a carrier), Poulsen developed both a modulator for telegraphy and a detector for the carrier wave. The modulator was such that even the more primitive spark-communication receivers could be used. Later Poulsen and Pedersen developed frequency-shift keying.

The Amalgamated Radio-Telegraph Company Ltd was launched in London in 1906, combining the developments of Poulsen and those of De Forest Wireless Telegraph Syndicate. Poulsen contributed his English and American patents. When this company was liquidated in 1908, its assets were taken over by Det Kontinentale Syndikat for Poulsen Radio Telegrafi, A/S in Copenhagen (liquidated 1930–1). Some of the patents had been sold to C.Lorenz AG in Berlin, which was very active.

The arc transmitting system was in use worldwide from about 1910 to 1925, and the power increased from 12 kW to 1,000 kW. In 1921 an exceptional transmitter rated at 1,800 kW was erected on Java for communications with the Netherlands. More than one thousand installations had been in use worldwide. The competing systems were initially spark transmitters (Marconi) and later rotary converters ( Westinghouse). Similar power was available from valve transmitters only much later.

From c. 1912 Poulsen did not contribute actively to further development. He led a life as a well-respected engineer and scientist and served on several committees. He had his private laboratory and made experiments in the composition of matter and certain resonance phenomena; however, nothing was published. It has recently been suggested that Poulsen could not have been unaware of Oberlin Smith's work and publication in 1888, but his extreme honesty in technical matters indicates that his development was indeed independent. In the case of the arc generator, Poulsen was always extremely frank about the inspiration he gained from earlier developers' work.

[br]

Bibliography

1899, British patent no. 8,961 (the first British telegraphone patent). 1903, British patent no. 15,599 (the first British arc-genera tor patent).

His scientific publications are few, but fundamental accounts of his contribution are: 1900, "Das Telegraphon", Ann. d. Physik 3:754–60; 1904, "System for producing continuous oscillations", Trans. Int. El. Congr. St. Louis, Vol. II, pp. 963–71.

Further Reading

A.Larsen, 1950, Telegrafonen og den Traadløse, Ingeniørvidenskabelige Skrifter no. 2, Copenhagen (provides a very complete, although somewhat confusing, account of Poulsen's contributions; a list of his patents is given on pp. 285–93).

F.K.Engel, 1990, Documents on the Invention of Magnetic Re cor ding in 1878, New York: Audio Engineering Society, reprint no. 2,914 (G2) (it is here that doubt is expressed about whether Poulsen's ideas were developed independently).

GB-N

Biographical history of technology > Poulsen, Valdemar
40 Smeaton, John

SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering, Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering, Steam and internal combustion engines

[br]

b. 8 June 1724 Austhorpe, near Leeds, Yorkshire, England

d. 28 October 1792 Austhorpe, near Leeds, Yorkshire, England

[br]

English mechanical and civil engineer.

[br]

As a boy, Smeaton showed mechanical ability, making for himself a number of tools and models. This practical skill was backed by a sound education, probably at Leeds Grammar School. At the age of 16 he entered his father's office; he seemed set to follow his father's profession in the law. In 1742 he went to London to continue his legal studies, but he preferred instead, with his father's reluctant permission, to set up as a scientific instrument maker and dealer and opened a shop of his own in 1748. About this time he began attending meetings of the Royal Society and presented several papers on instruments and mechanical subjects, being elected a Fellow in 1753. His interests were turning towards engineering but were informed by scientific principles grounded in careful and accurate observation.

In 1755 the second Eddystone lighthouse, on a reef some 14 miles (23 km) off the English coast at Plymouth, was destroyed by fire. The President of the Royal Society was consulted as to a suitable engineer to undertake the task of constructing a new one, and he unhesitatingly suggested Smeaton. Work began in 1756 and was completed in three years to produce the first great wave-swept stone lighthouse. It was constructed of Portland stone blocks, shaped and pegged both together and to the base rock, and bonded by hydraulic cement, scientifically developed by Smeaton. It withstood the storms of the English Channel for over a century, but by 1876 erosion of the rock had weakened the structure and a replacement had to be built. The upper portion of Smeaton's lighthouse was re-erected on a suitable base on Plymouth Hoe, leaving the original base portion on the reef as a memorial to the engineer.

The Eddystone lighthouse made Smeaton's reputation and from then on he was constantly in demand as a consultant in all kinds of engineering projects. He carried out a number himself, notably the 38 mile (61 km) long Forth and Clyde canal with thirty-nine locks, begun in 1768 but for financial reasons not completed until 1790. In 1774 he took charge of the Ramsgate Harbour works.

On the mechanical side, Smeaton undertook a systematic study of water-and windmills, to determine the design and construction to achieve the greatest power output. This work issued forth as the paper "An experimental enquiry concerning the natural powers of water and wind to turn mills" and exerted a considerable influence on mill design during the early part of the Industrial Revolution. Between 1753 and 1790 Smeaton constructed no fewer than forty-four mills.

Meanwhile, in 1756 he had returned to Austhorpe, which continued to be his home base for the rest of his life. In 1767, as a result of the disappointing performance of an engine he had been involved with at New River Head, Islington, London, Smeaton began his important study of the steam-engine. Smeaton was the first to apply scientific principles to the steam-engine and achieved the most notable improvements in its efficiency since its invention by Newcomen, until its radical overhaul by James Watt. To compare the performance of engines quantitatively, he introduced the concept of "duty", i.e. the weight of water that could be raised 1 ft (30 cm) while burning one bushel (84 lb or 38 kg) of coal. The first engine to embody his improvements was erected at Long Benton colliery in Northumberland in 1772, with a duty of 9.45 million pounds, compared to the best figure obtained previously of 7.44 million pounds. One source of heat loss he attributed to inaccurate boring of the cylinder, which he was able to improve through his close association with Carron Ironworks near Falkirk, Scotland.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS 1753.

Bibliography

1759, "An experimental enquiry concerning the natural powers of water and wind to turn mills", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society.

Towards the end of his life, Smeaton intended to write accounts of his many works but only completed A Narrative of the Eddystone Lighthouse, 1791, London.

Further Reading

S.Smiles, 1874, Lives of the Engineers: Smeaton and Rennie, London. A.W.Skempton, (ed.), 1981, John Smeaton FRS, London: Thomas Telford. L.T.C.Rolt and J.S.Allen, 1977, The Steam Engine of Thomas Newcomen, 2nd edn, Hartington: Moorland Publishing, esp. pp. 108–18 (gives a good description of his work on the steam-engine).

LRD

Biographical history of technology > Smeaton, John

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