prĕmo

inter-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press or squeeze to pieces, to crush (ante- and post-class.).

Lit.:

qui sacerdoti scelestus faucis interpresserit,

Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 41.—

Trop., to suppress, conceal, Min. Fel. Oct. 10.

L, l, indecl. n. or (on account of littera) f., the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet (I and J being counted as one), in form modified from a L, like the Greek, but with the angle downward. In sound it was identical with Gr. lambda, Engl. l. L has, according to Pliny, a threefold power: the slight sound of the second l, when doubled, as in ille, Metellus; a full sound, when it ends words or syllables, or follows a consonant in the same syllable, as in sol, silva, flavus, clarus; and a middle sound in other cases, as in lectus, Prisc. 1, 7, 38 (p. 555 P.). In transcriptions of Greek words in Latin and of Latin words in Greek letters, it always corresponds to L.

In etymology it represents,

Usually an original l; cf. alius, allos; lego, legô; leo, leôn; lavo, louô, etc.—

Sometimes an r, as in lilium, leirion; balbus, barbaros; latrare, Sanscr. ra-, to bark; lateo, Sanscr. rah-, to abandon; luceo, Sanscr. ruc-, etc.; cf. also the endings in australis, corporalis, liberalis, and in stellaris, capillaris, maxillaris.—

Sometimes a d; cf. lacrima, dakruon; levir, Sanscr. dēvar, Gr. daêr; oleo, odor, Gr. ozô, odôda; uligo, udus; adeps, Sanscr lip-, to smear, Gr. aleiphar.

Before l an initial guttural or t is often dropped, as latus for tlatus, lis for stlis, lamentum from clamo; lac, cf. Gr. galakt-; and a preceding c, d, n, r, s, or x is omitted or assimilated, as sella for sedula (sed-la), corolla for coronula (coronla), prelum for prem-lum (from premo), āla = ax-la (axilla); so, libellus for liberulus (liber), alligo for ad-ligo, ullus for unulus. In the nominative of nouns the ending s is not added after l, as in consul, vigil; and l final occurs in Latin only in such words.

L stands alone,

As a numeral for 50.—

As an abbreviation, usually for Lucius; rarely for libens, locus, or libertus.

L, l, indecl. n. or (on account of littera) f., the eleventh letter of the Latin alphabet (I and J being counted as one), in form modified from a L, like the Greek, but with the angle downward. In sound it was identical with Gr. lambda, Engl. l. L has, according to Pliny, a threefold power: the slight sound of the second l, when doubled, as in ille, Metellus; a full sound, when it ends words or syllables, or follows a consonant in the same syllable, as in sol, silva, flavus, clarus; and a middle sound in other cases, as in lectus, Prisc. 1, 7, 38 (p. 555 P.). In transcriptions of Greek words in Latin and of Latin words in Greek letters, it always corresponds to L.

In etymology it represents,

Usually an original l; cf. alius, allos; lego, legô; leo, leôn; lavo, louô, etc.—

Sometimes an r, as in lilium, leirion; balbus, barbaros; latrare, Sanscr. ra-, to bark; lateo, Sanscr. rah-, to abandon; luceo, Sanscr. ruc-, etc.; cf. also the endings in australis, corporalis, liberalis, and in stellaris, capillaris, maxillaris.—

Sometimes a d; cf. lacrima, dakruon; levir, Sanscr. dēvar, Gr. daêr; oleo, odor, Gr. ozô, odôda; uligo, udus; adeps, Sanscr lip-, to smear, Gr. aleiphar.

Before l an initial guttural or t is often dropped, as latus for tlatus, lis for stlis, lamentum from clamo; lac, cf. Gr. galakt-; and a preceding c, d, n, r, s, or x is omitted or assimilated, as sella for sedula (sed-la), corolla for coronula (coronla), prelum for prem-lum (from premo), āla = ax-la (axilla); so, libellus for liberulus (liber), alligo for ad-ligo, ullus for unulus. In the nominative of nouns the ending s is not added after l, as in consul, vigil; and l final occurs in Latin only in such words.

L stands alone,

As a numeral for 50.—

As an abbreviation, usually for Lucius; rarely for libens, locus, or libertus.

opprĭmo ( obp-), essi, essum, 3, v. a. [ob-premo], to press against, press together; to press down (class.; syn. obruo).

Lit.:

voluit deus ora loquentis Opprimere,

to close, Ov. M. 3, 295: oculos, to press together, i. e. close the eyes, sc. of a dying person, Val. Max. 2, 6, 8:

fauces manu,

Suet. Calig. 12: flammam in ore, to repress, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 122 (Trag. v. 437 Vahl.).— To press down:

taleam pede,

to press into the ground, Cato, R. R. 45; Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 27:

opprimi ruinā conclavis,

to be crushed, Cic. Div. 2, 8, 20:

terrā oppressus,

id. ib. 2, 23, 51:

classem,

to sink, id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

senem injectu multae vestis,

to smother, stifle, Tac. A. 6, 50; so,

dormiens oppressit eum,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 3, 19; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 14.—

Transf.:

oppressit jaculo redeuntem ad frena leonem,

struck down, Val. Fl. 3, 24.—

Trop.

To press together; to close, shut:

os opprime,

shut your mouth! hold your tongue! Plaut. As. 3, 2, 40; Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 93.—

To press or bear down:

opprimi onere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4.—

To put down, suppress, quell, check, quash:

quae oratio a censore opprimenda est,

Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 30:

sine tumultu rem omnem oppressere,

Liv. 2, 4:

tumultum,

id. 31, 11:

fraudem,

to baffle, thwart, id. 26, 6; Vulg. Lev. 24, 16.—

To overthrow, overwhelm, crush, overpower, prostrate, subdue:

reliquias hujus belli,

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 3:

Graeciam,

Nep. Them. 8, 2:

nationem,

Cic. Font. 12, 36:

invidiam acerbitate,

Nep. Dion. 6:

libertatem,

to put an end to, destroy, id. Alcib. 3, 3:

ut exstinctae potius amicitiae, quam oppressae esse videantur,

Cic. Lael. 21, 78:

aliquem iniquo judicio,

id. Quint. 2, 7:

intolerandam potentiam,

to overthrow, id. Rosc. Am. 13, 36: aliquem, to crush one with false accusations, Liv. 2, 52; cf.:

insontem oblato falso crimine,

id. 1, 51:

quaestionem,

id. 26, 15:

si oppressa foret secura senectus (i. e. securus senex),

Juv. 10, 75:

litteras,

to utter indistinctly, to mumble, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—In gen., to have the upper hand, get the best of it, be victorious, Plaut. Mil. 4, 5, 10.—

To load, overwhelm, bear down, overcome: opprimi aere alieno, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8:

mvidiā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

totius corporis doloribus,

id. Fam. 9, 14, 3:

metu,

Liv. 24, 33:

timore,

Caes. B. G. 4, 15:

senatus oppressus et afflictus,

Cic. Red. in Sen. 7, 18.—

To fall upon, surprise, take by surprise, come upon unexpectedly, seize, catch (syn.:

adorior, invado): occasionem opprimere,

to seize, embrace, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 15:

imprudentem,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 22:

incautos,

Liv. 26, 12:

Antonium mors oppressit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 213:

ne subito a me opprimantur (sc. interrogando),

id. ib. 2, 4, 67, §

150: oppressi luce copias instruunt, Auct. B. G. 8, 14: rostra,

to make one's self master of, occupy, Cic. Clu. 40, 110.—

To bury, hide, conceal, suppress:

quod quo studiosius ab ipsis opprimitur et absconditur, eo magis eminet et apparet,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 121:

iram,

Sall. J. 72, 1:

ita ejus rei oppressa mentio est,

Liv. 23, 22:

infamiam,

Just. 12, 13, 10. —

To force a woman, commit a rape upon (late Lat.), Vulg. 2 Reg. 13, 12; 14, 32; id. Gen. 34, 2; id. Ezech. 2, 2; 11.

opprĭmo ( obp-), essi, essum, 3, v. a. [ob-premo], to press against, press together; to press down (class.; syn. obruo).

Lit.:

voluit deus ora loquentis Opprimere,

to close, Ov. M. 3, 295: oculos, to press together, i. e. close the eyes, sc. of a dying person, Val. Max. 2, 6, 8:

fauces manu,

Suet. Calig. 12: flammam in ore, to repress, Enn. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 122 (Trag. v. 437 Vahl.).— To press down:

taleam pede,

to press into the ground, Cato, R. R. 45; Plaut. Ps. 5, 1, 27:

opprimi ruinā conclavis,

to be crushed, Cic. Div. 2, 8, 20:

terrā oppressus,

id. ib. 2, 23, 51:

classem,

to sink, id. Imp. Pomp. 12, 33:

senem injectu multae vestis,

to smother, stifle, Tac. A. 6, 50; so,

dormiens oppressit eum,

Vulg. 3 Reg. 3, 19; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 14.—

Transf.:

oppressit jaculo redeuntem ad frena leonem,

struck down, Val. Fl. 3, 24.—

Trop.

To press together; to close, shut:

os opprime,

shut your mouth! hold your tongue! Plaut. As. 3, 2, 40; Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 93.—

To press or bear down:

opprimi onere,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 4.—

To put down, suppress, quell, check, quash:

quae oratio a censore opprimenda est,

Cic. Fin. 2, 10, 30:

sine tumultu rem omnem oppressere,

Liv. 2, 4:

tumultum,

id. 31, 11:

fraudem,

to baffle, thwart, id. 26, 6; Vulg. Lev. 24, 16.—

To overthrow, overwhelm, crush, overpower, prostrate, subdue:

reliquias hujus belli,

Cic. Fam. 10, 20, 3:

Graeciam,

Nep. Them. 8, 2:

nationem,

Cic. Font. 12, 36:

invidiam acerbitate,

Nep. Dion. 6:

libertatem,

to put an end to, destroy, id. Alcib. 3, 3:

ut exstinctae potius amicitiae, quam oppressae esse videantur,

Cic. Lael. 21, 78:

aliquem iniquo judicio,

id. Quint. 2, 7:

intolerandam potentiam,

to overthrow, id. Rosc. Am. 13, 36: aliquem, to crush one with false accusations, Liv. 2, 52; cf.:

insontem oblato falso crimine,

id. 1, 51:

quaestionem,

id. 26, 15:

si oppressa foret secura senectus (i. e. securus senex),

Juv. 10, 75:

litteras,

to utter indistinctly, to mumble, Cic. Off. 1, 37, 133.—In gen., to have the upper hand, get the best of it, be victorious, Plaut. Mil. 4, 5, 10.—

To load, overwhelm, bear down, overcome: opprimi aere alieno, Cic. Cat. 2, 4, 8:

mvidiā,

id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

totius corporis doloribus,

id. Fam. 9, 14, 3:

metu,

Liv. 24, 33:

timore,

Caes. B. G. 4, 15:

senatus oppressus et afflictus,

Cic. Red. in Sen. 7, 18.—

To fall upon, surprise, take by surprise, come upon unexpectedly, seize, catch (syn.:

adorior, invado): occasionem opprimere,

to seize, embrace, Plaut. As. 2, 2, 15:

imprudentem,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 22:

incautos,

Liv. 26, 12:

Antonium mors oppressit,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 213:

ne subito a me opprimantur (sc. interrogando),

id. ib. 2, 4, 67, §

150: oppressi luce copias instruunt, Auct. B. G. 8, 14: rostra,

to make one's self master of, occupy, Cic. Clu. 40, 110.—

To bury, hide, conceal, suppress:

quod quo studiosius ab ipsis opprimitur et absconditur, eo magis eminet et apparet,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 41, 121:

iram,

Sall. J. 72, 1:

ita ejus rei oppressa mentio est,

Liv. 23, 22:

infamiam,

Just. 12, 13, 10. —

To force a woman, commit a rape upon (late Lat.), Vulg. 2 Reg. 13, 12; 14, 32; id. Gen. 34, 2; id. Ezech. 2, 2; 11.

per-prĭmo, pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press hard, to press perpetually (Aug.).

In gen.:

cubilia,

to lie upon, Hor. Epod. 16, 38:

umorem perprimit (al. perpremit),

Sen. Ep. 99, 18.—

In partic., in mal. part., Ov. A. A. 1, 394.

prēlum ( prae-), i, n. [premo], a press.

A press-beam for pressing grapes, olives, etc.; also, meton., a wine-press, oil-press (class.), Cato, R. R. 31:

cola prelorum,

Verg. G. 2, 242 (prela trabes sunt, quibus uva jam calcata premitur, Serv.); Vitr. 6, 9; Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317; Dig. 19, 2, 19.—

A press for smoothing clothes:

tua collucent prela lacernis,

Mart. 2, 46, 3; cf. id. 11, 8, 5.

pressĭo, ōnis, f. [premo].

Lit., a pressing, pressing down, pressure (only in Vitruvius):

pressio cacuminis,

Vitr. 10, 8. —

Transf., the prop or fulcrum under a lever while the burden is raised, Caes. B. C. 2, 9, 6: pressio, quod Graeci hupomochlion appellant, Vitr. 10, 8.

pressūra, ae, f. [premo], a pressing, pressure (post-Aug.).

Lit.:

pressura palpebrarum,

App. M. 5, p. 166, 14.—

In partic., a pressing of wine, oil, etc.:

pressura una culeos viginti implere debet,

Plin. 18, 31, 74, § 317:

oleum primae pressurae,

Col. 12, 50.—

Transf.

A pressure, burden:

levare pressuram,

App. M. 7, p. 195, 35.—

A press, throng, crowd of people:

nimia densitas pressurae,

App. M. 3, p. 130, 9.—

The downward pressure, fall, descent of water, Front. Aquaed. 18:

aquarum,

Sen. Q. N. 2, 6, 4.—

A too heavy, too long, unnatural sleep, Cael. Aur. Acut. 1 praef.—

That which is pressed out, juice ( poet.):

Corycii pressura croci, sic, etc.,

Luc. 9, 809.—

Trop., oppression, affliction, distress (eccl. Lat.):

pressuram persecutionemque perferre,

Tert. ad Uxor. 1, 5; Lact. 5, 22, 17; 4, 26, 19; Vulg. 2 Cor. 1, 4.

S, s, indecl. n. or (agreeing with littera) f.

The eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding in form to the old Greek S for S (Etruscan in a reversed form,);

in its nature a sibilant semi-vowel, whose peculiarities were much discussed by the ancients, and are even treated of in a special work by Messala, a contemporary of Augustus (Messala in libro de S littera,

Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Mart. Cap. 3, § 245).—

As an initial and medial it has a hard and sharp sound (which is softened, however, between two vowels), and is therefore joined only with the tenues (c, p, t; cf., on the contrary, the Gr. sbennumi);

and, as a medial, often written double after long vowels: caussa, cassus, divissiones (these forms, used by Cicero and Vergil, were already uncommon in Quintilian's time,

Quint. 1, 7, 20; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 283 sq.).—

As a final it had a weakened sound, and therefore not only admitted the medial b before it (plebs, urbs, abs; Arabs, chalybs, etc.; v. the letter B), but often entirely disappeared. So in the ante-class. poets down to the early years of Cicero (and also in his own poem, entitled Aratus, written in his youth), before words beginning with a consonant, to avoid position: Ratu' Romulus, Fulviu' Nobilior, gravi' Terra, est sati' bella, Hyperioni' cursum, Virgine' nam sibi, etc.; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 161; Quint. 9, 4, 38; and v. Freund, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. 1835, XIII. p. 25 sq.; less freq. before words beginning with a vowel, in which case, to avoid a hiatus, the vowel before s was also elided; vas' argenteis (for vasis argenteis) and palm' et crinibus (for palmis et crinibus); v. Cic. Or. 45, 153. So, too, in the fourth Epitaph of the Scipios (Inscr. Orell. 553), L. CORNELIO L. F. instead of CORNELIOS (cf. a similar elision of the M under that letter). Final s is also elided, and the preceding vowel either dropped with it or weakened, in the forms sat from satis, mage from magis; in the neutr. forms of adjectives of the third declension, acre, agreste, facile (v. the letter E); in the collat. forms of the sec. pers. sing. pass., fatere, fateare, fatebare, etc.; in the gen. sing. of the first, second, and fifth declensions, and in the nom. plur. of the first and second declensions (aurai for aura-is, analog. to reg is, etc.). Lastly, s disappears in the (mostly familiar) collat. forms abin', scin', viden', satin', from abisne, scisne, videsne, satisne, etc.—

As an etymological initial aspirate, s appears in many words whose Greek equivalents begin with a vowel: sal, semi-, serpo, sex, super, sus, corresp. to hals, hêmi-, herpô, hex, huper, us, etc.; si (archaic sei), sero, Segesta, corresp. to ei, ERÔ (whence eirô), Egesta. Less freq. in radical words beginning with a consonant: sculpo corresp. to gluphô, and the derivatives scruta, from grutê, and scrupedae, from kroupeza. To soften the termination, s appears in abs = ab, and ex corresp. to ek.—Very freq., on the contrary, an initial s appears in cognate forms in other languages, where corresp. Latin words have lost the s: Lat. fallo, Gr. sphallô; fungus, Gr. sphongos; fides, Gr. sphidê (comp. also nix with Engl. [p. 1609] snow, nurus with old Germ. snur, daughterin-law); cf. also cutis and scutum; cauda and root sku-, in Goth. skauts, etc.; casa and Gr. skia, skênê; cerno and Gr. krinô for skirnô, skôr, skôria; calumnia and skallô; gradior and root scra-, Germ. schreiten; parco and sparnos; penuria and spanis; pando and spaô; tego and stegô; tono and stonos; taurus and Sanscr. sthūras, Germ. Stier al.; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 277 sqq.—In the middle of a word s is dropped in at from ast.—

S is interchanged,

Most freq. with r; in partic., an original s, between two vowels, becomes r; v. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Müll.; so foederum for foedesum, plurima for plusima, meliorem for meliosem, Lares for Lases, etc.; cf. eram and sum, quaero and quaeso, nasus and naris. Appius Claudius, the censor, is said to have introduced r into the names Furius, Valerius, etc., in place of s, B.C. 312 (v. the letter R, II.).—

With d: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus; and, on the other hand, rosa, corresp. to the Gr. rhodon; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 259.—

With t: tensus and tentus, resina corresp. to rhêtinê; and, on the contrary, aggrettus for aggressus; mertare, pultare, for mersare, pulsare (perh. also assentor for assensor).—

With x; v. that letter.—

S is assimilated before f in the compounds of dis: differo, difficilis, diffluo, etc.; v. 3. dis.— On the other hand, it arises by assimilation from d, in assum, assumo, cessi, for adsum, adsumo, ced-si; from t in fassus, from fateor; from b in jussi, from jubeo; from m in pressi, from premo; from r in gessi, from gero; and dossuarius, from dorsum. —

As an abbreviation, S denotes sacrum, semis, sibi, suis, etc.; S. AS. D., sub asciā dedicavit; S. C., senatusconsultum; perh. also, sententia collegii (Inscr. Orell. 2385); S. P., sua pecunia; S. P. Q. R., Senatus Populusque Romanus, etc.

S, s, indecl. n. or (agreeing with littera) f.

The eighteenth letter of the Latin alphabet, corresponding in form to the old Greek S for S (Etruscan in a reversed form,);

in its nature a sibilant semi-vowel, whose peculiarities were much discussed by the ancients, and are even treated of in a special work by Messala, a contemporary of Augustus (Messala in libro de S littera,

Quint. 1, 7, 23; cf. Mart. Cap. 3, § 245).—

As an initial and medial it has a hard and sharp sound (which is softened, however, between two vowels), and is therefore joined only with the tenues (c, p, t; cf., on the contrary, the Gr. sbennumi);

and, as a medial, often written double after long vowels: caussa, cassus, divissiones (these forms, used by Cicero and Vergil, were already uncommon in Quintilian's time,

Quint. 1, 7, 20; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 283 sq.).—

As a final it had a weakened sound, and therefore not only admitted the medial b before it (plebs, urbs, abs; Arabs, chalybs, etc.; v. the letter B), but often entirely disappeared. So in the ante-class. poets down to the early years of Cicero (and also in his own poem, entitled Aratus, written in his youth), before words beginning with a consonant, to avoid position: Ratu' Romulus, Fulviu' Nobilior, gravi' Terra, est sati' bella, Hyperioni' cursum, Virgine' nam sibi, etc.; cf. Cic. Or. 48, 161; Quint. 9, 4, 38; and v. Freund, in Jahn's Neue Jahrb. 1835, XIII. p. 25 sq.; less freq. before words beginning with a vowel, in which case, to avoid a hiatus, the vowel before s was also elided; vas' argenteis (for vasis argenteis) and palm' et crinibus (for palmis et crinibus); v. Cic. Or. 45, 153. So, too, in the fourth Epitaph of the Scipios (Inscr. Orell. 553), L. CORNELIO L. F. instead of CORNELIOS (cf. a similar elision of the M under that letter). Final s is also elided, and the preceding vowel either dropped with it or weakened, in the forms sat from satis, mage from magis; in the neutr. forms of adjectives of the third declension, acre, agreste, facile (v. the letter E); in the collat. forms of the sec. pers. sing. pass., fatere, fateare, fatebare, etc.; in the gen. sing. of the first, second, and fifth declensions, and in the nom. plur. of the first and second declensions (aurai for aura-is, analog. to reg is, etc.). Lastly, s disappears in the (mostly familiar) collat. forms abin', scin', viden', satin', from abisne, scisne, videsne, satisne, etc.—

As an etymological initial aspirate, s appears in many words whose Greek equivalents begin with a vowel: sal, semi-, serpo, sex, super, sus, corresp. to hals, hêmi-, herpô, hex, huper, us, etc.; si (archaic sei), sero, Segesta, corresp. to ei, ERÔ (whence eirô), Egesta. Less freq. in radical words beginning with a consonant: sculpo corresp. to gluphô, and the derivatives scruta, from grutê, and scrupedae, from kroupeza. To soften the termination, s appears in abs = ab, and ex corresp. to ek.—Very freq., on the contrary, an initial s appears in cognate forms in other languages, where corresp. Latin words have lost the s: Lat. fallo, Gr. sphallô; fungus, Gr. sphongos; fides, Gr. sphidê (comp. also nix with Engl. [p. 1609] snow, nurus with old Germ. snur, daughterin-law); cf. also cutis and scutum; cauda and root sku-, in Goth. skauts, etc.; casa and Gr. skia, skênê; cerno and Gr. krinô for skirnô, skôr, skôria; calumnia and skallô; gradior and root scra-, Germ. schreiten; parco and sparnos; penuria and spanis; pando and spaô; tego and stegô; tono and stonos; taurus and Sanscr. sthūras, Germ. Stier al.; v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, p. 277 sqq.—In the middle of a word s is dropped in at from ast.—

S is interchanged,

Most freq. with r; in partic., an original s, between two vowels, becomes r; v. Varr. L. L. 7, § 26 Müll.; so foederum for foedesum, plurima for plusima, meliorem for meliosem, Lares for Lases, etc.; cf. eram and sum, quaero and quaeso, nasus and naris. Appius Claudius, the censor, is said to have introduced r into the names Furius, Valerius, etc., in place of s, B.C. 312 (v. the letter R, II.).—

With d: Claudius, from the Sabine Clausus; and, on the other hand, rosa, corresp. to the Gr. rhodon; cf. Schneid. Gram. 1, p. 259.—

With t: tensus and tentus, resina corresp. to rhêtinê; and, on the contrary, aggrettus for aggressus; mertare, pultare, for mersare, pulsare (perh. also assentor for assensor).—

With x; v. that letter.—

S is assimilated before f in the compounds of dis: differo, difficilis, diffluo, etc.; v. 3. dis.— On the other hand, it arises by assimilation from d, in assum, assumo, cessi, for adsum, adsumo, ced-si; from t in fassus, from fateor; from b in jussi, from jubeo; from m in pressi, from premo; from r in gessi, from gero; and dossuarius, from dorsum. —

As an abbreviation, S denotes sacrum, semis, sibi, suis, etc.; S. AS. D., sub asciā dedicavit; S. C., senatusconsultum; perh. also, sententia collegii (Inscr. Orell. 2385); S. P., sua pecunia; S. P. Q. R., Senatus Populusque Romanus, etc.

sup-prĭmo ( subp-), pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press down or under.

In gen., so rarely and only as a naut. t. t., to sink, send to the bottom a vessel:

quattuor (naves) suppressae,

Liv. 22, 19, 12; so,

naves,

id. 28, 30, 11; 37, 11, 11; Just. 2, 9, 13. —

In partic. (class.).

To hold or keep back; to check, stop, put a stop to; to detain, restrain, suppress (syn.: reprimo, repello, sisto).

Lit.:

hostem nostros insequentem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 45:

iter,

id. ib. 1, 66:

aerii cursūs habenas,

Ov. M. 6, 709:

lora manu,

id. Am. 1, 13, 10:

fugam,

id. M. 11, 777:

sanguinem,

Cels. 2, 10 fin.; 5, 26, 22; Plin. 27, 12, 91, § 113:

alvum,

i. e. to close, make costive, Cels. 2, 12, 2:

ventrem,

id. 4, 19:

fontes,

Ov. M. 15, 280; id. P. 4, 2, 18:

lacrimas,

Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 8; Albin. 1, 427:

vocem,

let fall, Ov. M 1, 715:

partem ultimam vocis In medio sono,

id. ib. 5, 193:

si jam deficiam, subpressaque lingua palate Vix instillato restituenda mero, etc.,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 21.—

Trop.:

aegritudinem supprimere nec pati manare longius,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 75:

stultiloquium,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 24:

impetum militum,

Liv. 31, 18, 7; 7, 24, 3:

iram,

id. 2, 35, 2; Ov. P. 1, 8, 69:

querelas,

id. F. 4, 83; Petr. 91:

furorem,

id. 71:

fletum,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 113:

dolorem altā mente,

Luc. 6, 228. —

To keep from publicity, keep to one ' s self; to keep back, conceal, suppress (syn.: abscondo, celo).

Lit.:

quae (HS DC) reticuit atque suppressit,

Cic. Clu. 36, 99:

pecuniam,

id. ib. 25, 68;

26, 71: nummos,

id. ib. 27, 75:

elaborata abscondere atque supprimere,

Plin. 25, 1, 1, § 1:

quae (senatusconsulta) antea arbitrio consulum supprimebantur vitiabanturque,

Liv. 3, 55, 13:

testamentum,

Suet. Calig. 16:

libros,

id. Gram. 8 fin.:

alienam ancillam,

to harbor secretly, Dig. 47, 2, 84:

adulterii foeditate suppressā,

Amm. 16, 8, 6.—

Trop.:

ejus decreti suppressa fama est,

Liv. 5, 1, 7:

famam coërcitam,

Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.:

indicium conjurationis,

Curt. 6, 8, 8:

nomen Vespasiani,

Tac. H. 2, 96.—Hence, suppres-sus, a, um, P. a., held back, kept in, i. e., *

Short:

mentum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 3.—

Of the voice, subdued, low:

suppressā voce dicere (opp. magnā voce dicere),

Cic. Sull. 10, 30:

murmur,

Val. Fl. 5, 470.— Comp.:

erit ut voce sic etiam oratione suppressior,

Cic. Or. 25, 85.—Hence, suppres-sē, adv.; in comp.:

suppressius,

in a subdued voice, Aug. Ord. 1, 23.

sup-prĭmo ( subp-), pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [premo], to press down or under.

In gen., so rarely and only as a naut. t. t., to sink, send to the bottom a vessel:

quattuor (naves) suppressae,

Liv. 22, 19, 12; so,

naves,

id. 28, 30, 11; 37, 11, 11; Just. 2, 9, 13. —

In partic. (class.).

To hold or keep back; to check, stop, put a stop to; to detain, restrain, suppress (syn.: reprimo, repello, sisto).

Lit.:

hostem nostros insequentem,

Caes. B. C. 1, 45:

iter,

id. ib. 1, 66:

aerii cursūs habenas,

Ov. M. 6, 709:

lora manu,

id. Am. 1, 13, 10:

fugam,

id. M. 11, 777:

sanguinem,

Cels. 2, 10 fin.; 5, 26, 22; Plin. 27, 12, 91, § 113:

alvum,

i. e. to close, make costive, Cels. 2, 12, 2:

ventrem,

id. 4, 19:

fontes,

Ov. M. 15, 280; id. P. 4, 2, 18:

lacrimas,

Prop. 3, 10 (4, 9), 8; Albin. 1, 427:

vocem,

let fall, Ov. M 1, 715:

partem ultimam vocis In medio sono,

id. ib. 5, 193:

si jam deficiam, subpressaque lingua palate Vix instillato restituenda mero, etc.,

id. Tr. 3, 3, 21.—

Trop.:

aegritudinem supprimere nec pati manare longius,

Cic. Tusc. 3, 31, 75:

stultiloquium,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 24:

impetum militum,

Liv. 31, 18, 7; 7, 24, 3:

iram,

id. 2, 35, 2; Ov. P. 1, 8, 69:

querelas,

id. F. 4, 83; Petr. 91:

furorem,

id. 71:

fletum,

Prop. 4 (5), 1, 113:

dolorem altā mente,

Luc. 6, 228. —

To keep from publicity, keep to one ' s self; to keep back, conceal, suppress (syn.: abscondo, celo).

Lit.:

quae (HS DC) reticuit atque suppressit,

Cic. Clu. 36, 99:

pecuniam,

id. ib. 25, 68;

26, 71: nummos,

id. ib. 27, 75:

elaborata abscondere atque supprimere,

Plin. 25, 1, 1, § 1:

quae (senatusconsulta) antea arbitrio consulum supprimebantur vitiabanturque,

Liv. 3, 55, 13:

testamentum,

Suet. Calig. 16:

libros,

id. Gram. 8 fin.:

alienam ancillam,

to harbor secretly, Dig. 47, 2, 84:

adulterii foeditate suppressā,

Amm. 16, 8, 6.—

Trop.:

ejus decreti suppressa fama est,

Liv. 5, 1, 7:

famam coërcitam,

Tac. H. 1, 17 fin.:

indicium conjurationis,

Curt. 6, 8, 8:

nomen Vespasiani,

Tac. H. 2, 96.—Hence, suppres-sus, a, um, P. a., held back, kept in, i. e., *

Short:

mentum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 3.—

Of the voice, subdued, low:

suppressā voce dicere (opp. magnā voce dicere),

Cic. Sull. 10, 30:

murmur,

Val. Fl. 5, 470.— Comp.:

erit ut voce sic etiam oratione suppressior,

Cic. Or. 25, 85.—Hence, suppres-sē, adv.; in comp.:

suppressius,

in a subdued voice, Aug. Ord. 1, 23.

trībŭlo, no perf., ātum, 1, v. a. [tribulum].

Lit., to press: Thlibô tribulo, presso, premo. Gloss, Philox.; Cato. R. R. 23, 4.—

Trop., to oppress, afflict (eccl. Lat.):

in omnibus tribulemur,

Tert. adv. Gnost. 13 med.; Ambros. Serm. 22, n. 1; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 1, 11.