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61 σβέννυμι
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `quench, to extinguish, to be extinguished, extinct (IA.).Other forms: - ύω (Pi., Hp. a. o.), aor. σβέσ(σ)αι (Il.), pass. σβεσθῆναι (IA.), fut. σβέσω (A., E. a. o.); midd. σβέννυμαι (Hes.), aor. σβῆναι (Il.), fut. σβήσομαι (Pl. a. o.), perf. ἔσβηκα (A.), ἔσβεσμαι (Parm. a.o.).Compounds: Also w. prefix, esp. ἀπο- and κατα- (on the use in Hom. Graz Le feu dans l'Il. et l'Od.259ff.).Derivatives: σβέ-σις ( ἀπό-, κατά- σβέννυμι) f. `extinction, putting out' (Arist. etc.), σβεσ-τήρ, - τῆρος m. `extinguisher' (Plu.; not quite certain), - τήριος `useful for extinguishing' (Th. etc.), - τικός `id.' (Arist. etc.); ἄ-σβεσ-τος `unextinguishable' (Hom. a.o.; σβεστός Nonn.), f. (sc. τίτανος) `unslaked lime' (Dsc., Plu. a. o.) with ἀσβεστ-ήριοι and - ωσις H. as explanation of κονιαταί resp. κονίασις. -- Deviating the aor. κατα-σβῶσαι (Herod.). -- Besides some H.glossen: ζείναμεν (- υμεν?) σβέννυμεν, ἐζίνα (for - είν-) ἐπεσβέννυεν, ἀποζίννυται (cod. - ξ-; for - ζείν-) ἀποσβέννυται; ζόασον σβέσον; ζοάσ\< εις\> σ[ε]βέσεις.Etymology: The above formal system is as a whole built on the root σβεσ- in σβέσ-σαι and ἄ-σβεσ-τος. To the aorist σβέσ(σ)αι joined σβέννυμι from *σβέσ-νυ-μι (on the phonetics Schwyzer 697), σβέσω, σβεσθῆναι, ἔσβεσμαι. To this came as innovation ἔσβην, σβῆναι (after ἔστην, ἐκάην, ἐάγην etc.), to which came σβήσομαι, ἔσβηκα. On itself stands κατα-σβῶσαι, which may have an old lengthened grade (cf. below), but which can also with ζόασον, ζοάσεις (s. ab.) be understood as an iterativ (from *σβοῆσαι) of uncertain date. Cf. (with partly diff. view) Schwyzer 719 and 743 w. n. 1. From the byforms with ζ-, ζείναμεν etc., one can conclude for σβέσ(σ)αι, σβέννυμι to an IE * sgʷes-, which cannot be separated from other verbs for `extinguish': Lith. gęs-tù, gès-ti `extinguish, die out', caus. ges-aũ, -ýti `extinguish', Slav., e.g. OCS u-gašǫ, u-gasiti `extinguish' (IE * gʷōs-; also in - σβῶσαι?; s. ab.), Toch. AB käs- `extinguish'; prob. also Skt. jásate `is extinguished', jāsayati `exhaust'. Hitt. kišt-'be extinguished, perish' (e.g. 3. sg. kištari) is however incompatable with the labiovelar in σβέννυμι. If we posit a pure velar g, which is possible for all other languages, σβέννυμαι must be separated. -- Through the initial σ- Greek is distinguished from its cognates. Prob. it concerns a prefix (after Prellwitz s. v. a mutilated ἐξ-). Diff. Brugmann (e.g. Grundr.2 I 590) and Schwyzer 743 n. 1 (to be rejected). -- Further forms from the diff. languages with uncertain hypotheses and older lit. in Bq and WP. 1, 693f. (Pok. 479f.); s. also Fraenkel Wb. s. gèsti, Vasmer s. gasítь, W.-Hofmann s. sēgnis.Page in Frisk: 2,685-686Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σβέννυμι
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62 σπίδιος
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `extensive, wide' ( σπίδιον μῆκος ὁδοῦ A. Fr. 378 = 733 M.), σπιδόθεν = μακρόθεν (Antim. 77); σπιδνόν πυκνόν, συνεχές, πεπηγός; σπιδόεν μέλαν, πλατύ, σκοτεινόν, πυκνόν, μέγα H.Derivatives: Cf. further σπιδέος gen. sg. (Λ 753) beside v. l. ἀσπιδέος; if correct, prob. from *σπιδύς (s. ἀσπιδής); s. also ἑλεσπίδας and 1. ἀσπίς. Verb σπίζω = ἐκτείνω (Sch. Ar. V. 18, Eust.).Origin: XX [etym. unknown]Etymology: Obsolete wortgroup, which seems only to have lived on in the learned and higher poetic language and about the meaning of which one was no longer certain (cf. the explanation of σπιδόεν). -- As basis functions partly a noun *σπίδος ( σπιδό-θεν, - εν), partly a primary σπιδ- ( σπίζω, σπιδνόν); for σπίδ-ιος, *-ύς both are possible. One may compare first Lat. spissus (\< * spid-tos or * spit-tos) `extended, esp. in time, slow, prolonged', also `close, dense, thick' (= σπιδνόν); on the development of the meaning Persson Beitr. 1, 386ff. with extensive treatment. Here also a richly developed Baltic family, e.g. Lith. spintù, spìsti (\< * spit-ti) `begin to swarm (of bees), gather' (ptc. spìstas = Lat. spissus?), s. Fraenkel s. spiẽsti w. further forms a. lit. -- If one adduces also σπιθαμη [for which I see no ground], we get a threefold variation σπιδ-: σπιθ-: Lith. (Lat.?) spit-. (Some have also connected σπάω etc; s. v. w. lit.Page in Frisk: 2,766Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπίδιος
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63 Εἰραφιώτης
Εἰραφιώτης, -ουGrammatical information: m.Other forms: Έρραφεώτης (Alk. 90)Derivatives: Month name Εἰραφιών (Amorgos IIIa).Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]Etymology: Formation in - ιώτης (Chantr. Form. 311) from *εἴραφος, *εἰράφιον; cf. ἔλαφος, - ιον and other animals names; so perhaps from the animals shape of the god. As Dionysos mostly appears as bull, one thinks of Skt. r̥ṣabhá- `bull', with - bha- derived from ἄρσην `male' (cf. Av. OP. aršan- `id.'). From a form like ἔρσην (s.v.) with loss of the σ and lengthening as in Lac. εἰρήν `youngster' (s. v.; explanation uncertain), κεῖραι etc. (on the phonetics Lejeune Traité de phonetique 107f.). Connection with ἔριφος `young he-goat' (s. v.; Wilamowitz Glaube 2, 67 n. 1) is possible but phonetically difficult. - Ditt. Bechtel Dial. 1, 128f.: to εἶρος, *εἰράφιον `flock'; against Solmsen IF 7, 47 n. 1. - See Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 208 n. 2, and Redard Les noms grecs en - της 9 and 13. Prob. a Pre-Greek word.Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > Εἰραφιώτης
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64 أقنع
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. \ أَقْنَعَ بالمُلاحَقَة \ coax: cause sb. or sth. to do what one wants by gentle means: I coaxed my horse to cross the narrow bridge. \ أَقْنَعَ نَفْسه \ bring oneself to do sth.: to make oneself do sth.: He couldn’t bring himself to kill the bird. -
65 غريب
غَرِيب \ alien: a foreign person: All aliens need work permits, foreign. curious: strange; unexplained: a curious noise; curious behaviour. exotic: foreign; strange; rare: an exotic plant; exotic clothes. funny: strange; peculiar a funny noise. odd: strange: What an odd idea!. peculiar: unusual strange. queer: strange, unusually and not understood: a queer noise. strange: unusual, and therefore surprising; not known before, so not understood or recognized: a strange noise; a strange face. stranger: sb. who is not known: Dogs guard their masters’ houses against strangers. That man is a stranger to me. uncanny: strange; having no natural explanation: She can always guess what I’m thinking - it seems uncanny. uncouth: lacking good manners; strange in one’s appearance: Modern young men don’t condiser it uncouth to wear their hair long. unusual: not usual; strange. weird: very strange. \ See Also عجيب (عَجِيب)، نادر (نَادِر)، مضحك (مُضْحِك)، غامض (غَامِض)، غير عاديّ \ غَرِيب جدًّا \ fantastic: wildly strange; too strange to seem possible: He told a fantastic story which we could hardly believe. grotesque: strange and unnatural so that it seems foolish or frightening; (in art) unnaturally twisted. -
66 convince
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. -
67 get, (got, gotten)
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. -
68 induce
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. -
69 persuade
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. -
70 satisfy
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. -
71 win over
أَقْنَعَ \ convince: to make sb. feel certain about sth.: I convinced him that it was possible. I’m convinced of it myself. get, (got, gotten): to cause sb. to do sth.: Get your uncle to do that for you. induce: to cause (sb.) to do sth. (by offering sth. in return): Only a lot of money would induce me to work in a city. persuade: to cause (sb.) to agree: She persuaded me to stop smoking. satisfy: to fill the needs of; be enough for: My explanation satisfied the police, to make (sb.) certain; to remove the doubts of: He satisfied me that he had learnt his lessons. I satisfied myself that the doors were locked (I examined them, so as to be certain). win over: to cause (sb.) to change his opinion and favour sb. else’s. -
72 δέ
δέ (Hom.+) one of the most common Gk. particles, used to connect one clause to another, either to express contrast or simple continuation. When it is felt that there is some contrast betw. clauses—though the contrast is oft. scarcely discernible—the most common translation is ‘but’. When a simple connective is desired, without contrast being clearly implied, ‘and’ will suffice, and in certain occurrences the marker may be left untranslated (Denniston 162–89; Schwyzer 2, 562; B-D-F §447).—Usually δέ comes second in its clause, somet. third (Menand., Epitr. 355 S. [=179 Kö.]; Lucian, Tim. 48, Dial. Mar. 4, 2; Alex. Aphr., Fat. 36, II 2 p. 208, 20; 209, 6) Mt 10:11; 18:25; Mk 4:34; Lk 10:31; Ac 17:6; 28:6 al., occasionally fourth (Menand., Epitr. 281 S. [105 Kö.]; Archimed. II 150, 10 Heib.; Lucian, Adv. Ind. 19 p. 114; PHib 54, 20 [245 B.C.]; Wsd 16:8; 1 Macc 8:27; 4 Macc 2:15) Mt 10:18; J 6:51; 8:16; 1 Cor 4:18; 1J 1:3, or even fifth (Lucian, Apol. 12 p. 722; Alex. Aphr., An. II, 1 p. 34, 8; 57, 15; 1 Esdr 1:22; 4 Macc 2:9) J 8:17; 1J 2:2; IEph 4:2.① a marker connecting a series of closely related data or lines of narrative, and, as for. Freq. used in lists of similar things, with a slight call of attention to the singularity of each item (cp. Hom., Il. 3, 144–48).—In tightly knit lists Mt 1:2–16; 2 Pt 1:5–8; relating one teaching to another (in this respect δέ is similar to the use in 2) Mt 5:31; 6:16; Ro 14:1; 1 Cor 7:1; 8:1; 12:1; 15:1; 16:1. Freq. w. the art. in narrative to mark change in the dramatis personae, e.g. Mt 14:17f, Mk 14:31.② a marker linking narrative segments, now, then, and, so, that is Mt 1:18, 24; 2:19; 3:1; 8:30; Mk 5:11; 7:24; 16:9; Lk 3:21; 12:2, 11, 13, 15f, 50; 13:1, 6, 10; 15:1, 11 al.; Ac 4:5; 6:1, 8; 9:10; 12:10, 17, 20; 23:10; 24:17; Ro 8:28; 14:1 (s. 1 above); 16:1; 1 Cor 16:12, 17; 2 Cor 4:7; 8:1; Gal 3:23. Esp. to insert an explanation that is (Aeschyl., Choeph. 190) Ro 3:22; 9:30; 1 Cor 10:11; 15:56; Eph 5:32; Phil 2:8. So in parentheses (Thu. 1, 26, 5 ἔστι δὲ ἰσθμὸς τὸ χωρίον al.) ἦσαν δὲ ἡμέραι τῶν ἀζύμων Ac 12:3. Freq. to indicate change of speaker, e.g. Mk 15:12–14; Lk 18:19–23; 20:3–5; 22:33–34.—Resuming a discourse that has been interrupted (Thu. 2, 36, 1; Theocr. 5, 104 after the parenthetical 100–103) Mt 3:4; Lk 4:1; Ro 5:8; 2 Cor 10:2.③ a marker with an additive relation, with possible suggestion of contrast, at the same time Παῦλος δοῦλος θεοῦ ἀπόστολος δὲ Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ Paul, God’s slave, and at the same time apostle of Jesus Christ Tit 1:1.④ marker of contrast, but, on the other hand,ⓐ adversative function gener. Mt 6:1, 6, 15, 16, 17; 8:20; 9:17; 23:25; Mk 2:21f; Lk 5:36f; 10:6; 12:9f; 13:9; 1 Cor 2:15 and oft.ⓑ for correlative use μέν … δέ s. μέν.ⓒ after a negative rather (Wsd 2:11; 4:9; 7:6 al.; 2 Macc 4:5; 5:6 al.; 3 Macc 2:24; 3:15) Mt 6:33; Lk 10:20; Ac 12:9, 14; Ro 3:4; Eph 4:15; Hb 4:13, 15; 6:12; 9:12; intensified δὲ μᾶλλον 12:13; Mt 10:6, 28.ⓓ introducing an apodosis after a hypothetical or temporal protasis, and contrasting it with the protasis (Kühner-G. II 275f; Epict. 1, 4, 32; 1 Macc 14:29; 2 Macc 1:34; AcThom 98 [Aa II/2, p. 210, 25]) Ac 11:17 v.l.; 2 Pt 1:5 (for the protasis vs. 3f); Col 1:22 (where the participial constr. vs. 21 represents the protasis; EpArist 175; 315).⑤ marker of heightened emphasis, in combination w. καί but alsoⓐ δὲ καί but also, but even (2 Macc 12:13; 15:19; EpArist 40 al.; TestJob 15:8 al.) Mt 3:10 v.l.; 10:30; 18:17; so also, similarly, likewise, too Lk 11:18; ἀπέθανεν δὲ καὶ ὁ πλούσιος= the rich man died too 16:22; 22:68 v.l.; J 2:2; 3:23; 18:2, 5; Ac 22:28; 1 Cor 15:15; Papias (4).—ἔτι δὲ καί and (even) (EpJer 40; 2 Macc 10:7; EpArist 35; 151) Lk 14:26 v.l.; Ac 2:26 (Ps 15:9)ⓑ καὶ … δέ and also, but also (Kühner-G. II 253; Wsd 7:3; 11:20; 1 Esdr 1:47; 1 Macc 12:23; 2 Macc 11:12; 4 Macc 2:9; EpArist index) Mt 10:18; 16:18; J 6:51; 8:16f; 15:27; Ac 3:24; 22:29; 1 Ti 3:10; 2 Ti 3:12; 1J 1:3. Cp. Hatch 141f.—Epict. index p. 542 Sch.; s. the grammars and Aland, Vollst. Konk.; HMeecham, The Letter of Aristeas ’35, 136; 154f.—EDNT.
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