-
61 Schicht
Schicht f 1. PERS shift, work-shift; 2. COMP layer • in Schichten arbeiten PERS work in shifts • Schicht arbeiten PERS do shiftwork* * ** * *Schicht
(Arbeitskolonne) shift, gang, (Arbeitszeit) shift, bout, turn, work period, swing (coll.), (Bergbau) stint, (der Gesellschaft) rank, class, (Gruppe) bracket, (Ölschicht) film, (Pause) break, rest, off time;
• aus allen Schichten der Bevölkerung from all walks of life;
• in einer Schicht without a break;
• abwechselnde Schicht rotating shift;
• Mitternacht beginnende Schicht midnight shift;
• nicht durchgehende Schicht split shift;
• führende Schicht leading class;
• halbe Schicht half time;
• periodische Schicht rotating shift;
• soziale Schicht social status, stratum;
• verarmte Schicht shabby-genteel;
• verfahrene Schicht shifts worked;
• verlorene Schichten men shifts lost;
• zusätzliche Schicht relief (swing) shift (US);
• Schicht der gehobenen Angestellten ranks of middle management;
• Schicht der leitenden Angestellten executive class;
• breite Schichten der Bevölkerung wide sections (large sections, great masses) of the population;
• alle Schichten der Gesellschaft all ranks and classes;
• Schicht machen to close down, to knock off (down, sl.), to make (take) a break (fam.);
• Schichtarbeit daywork, shift [operation (work)];
• Schichtarbeit leisten (verrichten) to work in shifts (staggered hours);
• Schichtarbeiter shift worker, dayworker;
• Schichtausfall shifts not worked;
• Schichtausgleich shift differential;
• Schichtbetrieb [multiple] shift operation;
• im Schichtbetrieb laufen to run full time;
• erhöhter Schichtkoeffizient increased shift utilization;
• Schichtleistung (Bergbau) output per manshift;
• normale Schichtleistung standard output per shift;
• Schichtlohn shift (basic, base) wage (pay);
• Schichtmeister (Fabrik) shift boss (US), shifter (US);
• Schichtprämie shift premium;
• Schichtstaffelung (Verkehr) staggering of shifts;
• Schichtstreichung shift cut;
• Schichtumsetzung shift transfer. -
62 Umsiedlung
Umsiedlung f GEN, IND, WIWI relocation, resettlement* * *f <Geschäft, Ind, Vw> relocation, resettlement* * *Umsiedlung
resettlement, transplantation, transfer, evacuation, relocation;
• Umsiedlung von Bevölkerungsteilen relocation of the population;
• Umsiedlung mit Familie family relocation. -
63 abwandern
v/i (trennb., ist -ge-)1. Bevölkerung: migrate, move; Arbeiter etc.: drift off; SPORT, Spieler: leave the club etc.; fünf Minuten vor Spielende begannen die Zuschauer abzuwandern Fußball etc.: five minutes from time the spectators started to leave the ground2. WIRTS. Kapital: flow (out)* * *to migrate* * *ạb|wan|dernvi sep aux seinto move (away) ( aus from); (Bevölkerung zu einem anderen Ort auch) to migrate (aus from); (Kapital) to be transferred (aus out of); (inf aus einer Veranstaltung etc) to wander away or off (inf)viele Spieler/Abonnenten etc wandern ab — a lot of players/subscribers etc are transferring
* * *ab|wan·dernI. vi Hilfsverb: sein1. (sich von einem Ort entfernen) to go away2. (auswandern)die ländliche Bevölkerung wanderte in die Städte ab the rural population moved [or migrated] to the towns▪ zu jdm \abwandern to move to sbdie besten Spieler wandern immer zu den größten Vereinen ab the best players always move [or transfer] to the biggest clubsII. vtein Gebiet \abwandern to walk all over an area* * *intransitives Verb; mit sein2) (fig.) move over* * *abwandern v/i (trennb, ist -ge-)fünf Minuten vor Spielende begannen die Zuschauer abzuwandern Fußball etc: five minutes from time the spectators started to leave the ground3. METEO move (* * *intransitives Verb; mit sein2) (fig.) move over -
64 pasajero
adj.passing, fleeting, provisional, temporary.m.passenger, rider, commuter.* * *► adjetivo1 passing► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 passenger* * *1. (f. - pasajera)noun2. (f. - pasajera)adj.* * *pasajero, -a1. ADJ1) [momento] fleeting, passingave pasajero — bird of passage, migratory bird
2) [sitio] busy2.SM / F passenger3.SM Méx ferryman* * *I- ra adjetivo <capricho/moda> passing (before n); < amor> fleeting (before n); <molestia/dolor> temporaryII- ra masculino, femenino passenger* * *I- ra adjetivo <capricho/moda> passing (before n); < amor> fleeting (before n); <molestia/dolor> temporaryII- ra masculino, femenino passenger* * *pasajero11 = passenger.Ex: This article discusses libraries available on trains to 1st class passengers in the USA in the late 19th century and early 20th century.
* avión de pasajeros = airliner.* buque de pasajeros = cruise liner, transatlantic liner, ocean liner, cruise ship [cruiseship], cruise, cruiser.* lista de pasajeros = passenger list.* pasajero de atrás = pillion passenger, pillion.* pasajero de avión = airline passenger.* transporte de pasajeros = passenger transport.* tren de pasajeros = passenger train.* vehículo de pasajeros = passenger vehicle.* vehículo de transporte de pasajeros = passenger vehicle.pasajero22 = short-lived [shortlived], transient, transitory, faddish, faddy [faddier -comp., faddies -sup.].Ex: Many centres were short-lived, so the picture was always in a state of flux.
Ex: The suppliers of this circulation system recommend that the readers are given numbers and names only, since it will not be cost-effective to store full addresses, particularly with a relatively transient population such as that of a university.Ex: Transitory circumstances of daily life are what cause these shifts.Ex: Whilst, presumably, a set of standards for the conduct of reference work, the document is in fact a hodgepodge shaped by faddish misconceptions.Ex: These emotions will have a knock-on effect on the child and may, in the case of the faddy eater, cause the situation to deteriorate.* aprovecharse de una oportunidad pasajera = ride + the hype, catch + the fever.* ave pasajera = bird of passage.* capricho pasajero = passing fancy, passing whim.* hacer pasajero = render + transitory.* interés pasajero = passing interest.* moda pasajera = flash in the pan, passing fad.* oportunidad pasajera de la que hay que aprovecharse = bandwagon.* * *una moda pasajera a passing fashionpuede ser que experimente alguna molestia pasajera you may experience some discomfort for a while o some temporary discomfortmasculine, femininepassengerCompuesto:pasajero/pasajera en or de tránsitomasculine, feminine transfer passenger* * *
pasajero
‹ amor› fleeting ( before n);
‹molestia/dolor› temporary
■ sustantivo masculino, femenino
passenger
pasajero,-a
I adjetivo passing, temporary
una alegría pasajera, fleeting happiness
II sustantivo masculino y femenino passenger
' pasajero' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
flirteo
- pasajera
- viajera
- viajero
- abordar
- delante
- destino
- devaneo
- documentar
- embarcar
- momentáneo
English:
flash
- frequent
- momentary
- nearside
- passenger
- passing
- standby passenger
- temper
- blip
- rider
- short
- transient
* * *pasajero, -a♦ adj[amor] short-lived, brief; [moda] passing;una molestia pasajera a passing discomfort;es algo pasajero it's (something) temporary, it'll pass♦ nm,fpassenger;“pasajeros, al tren” “all aboard”* * *II m, pasajera f passenger* * *pasajero, -ra adj: passing, fleetingpasajero, -ra n: passenger* * *pasajero n passenger -
65 значительный
•In the gas phase negligible attraction exists between molecules, while in a liquid attractive forces become important.
•A sizable proportion of the particles can attain...
•It is most improbable that any sizable population of identical molecules could result from random chance processes.
•Nonsilicate minerals seldom make up a major part of an igneous rock.
•Costs of steam and power generation are an important (or appreciable, or considerable, or substantial) part of overall plant costs.
•In spite of this impressive progress, solid fuel motors have certain disadvantages.
•Such boundaries present major (or considerable, or great) obstacles to slip propagation.
•This can have a material effect on our decision.
•Notable improvements have been made in reducing the size and weight of...
•Illuminating the entire retina with diffuse light does not have any dramatic effect on the pulse rate.
* * *Значительный (прогресс)-- Remarkable progress has clearly been achieved during the past few years in the understanding of guided-wave phenomena. Значительный -- considerable, substantial, siz(e)able, remarkable, major—значительные усилия будут направлены на—значительные усилия, направленные наРусско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > значительный
-
66 сплошная кривая
Сплошная криваяThe solid line in Fig. is faired through the data and the broken line is interpolated from numerical solutions to the steady flow equation.The steady state heat transfer coefficient for each heating rate is indicated by a solid line.The full line curve is for a single engine and the dashed line is the population mean.The continuous line represents remaining life for the virgin material.Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > сплошная кривая
-
67 abwandern
ab|wan·dernvi sein1) ( sich von einem Ort entfernen) to go away2) ( auswandern)[aus etw] \abwandern to migrate [from somewhere];die ländliche Bevölkerung wanderte in die Städte ab the rural population moved [or migrated] to the townszu jdm \abwandern to move to sb;die besten Spieler wandern immer zu den größten Vereinen ab the best players always move [or transfer] to the biggest clubs[aus etw] [irgendwohin] \abwandern to be transferred [from [or out of] sth] [to somewhere]vtein Gebiet \abwandern to walk all over an area -
68 capacity
1) способность2) паспортная [техническая] мощность; допустимая нагрузка (машины); (номинальная) производительность; выработка; номинальная мощность; производственная мощность; производственные возможности3) трансп. пропускная способность4) ёмкость; вместимость; объём; грузовместимость (напр. судна)5) компетенция; должность -
69 register
книга записей (напр. актов гражданского состояния); журнал; список; реестр; регистр; указатель || регистрировать; заносить в книгу -
70 structure
1) структура; устройство2) стат. состав совокупности, структура3) pl здания и сооружения -
71 electron
n (e) -
72 войска войск·а
troops, (military) force(s), armed forcesсосредоточивать войска — to concentrate / to mass troops
воздушно-десантные войска — airborne (assault) troops, landing forces; (парашютисты) paratroops
кадровые войска — regular troops, effective forces
мятежные войска — mutinous / rebellious troops
наёмные войска — mercenaries, mercenary army, hired troops
оккупационные войска — occupation troops / forces
отборные войска — picked / crack troops
пограничные войска — frontier-(security) forces, border troops
ракетные войска — rocket troops / forces, missile corps
регулярные войска — regular troops, active (armed) forces, standing forces
сухопутные / наземные войска — land / ground forces
численность личного состава сухопутных войск — ground forces manpower / personnel
войска ООН по поддержанию мира — UN peace-keeping force; peace-keepers разг.
войска, оснащённые обычным вооружением — conventional forces
войска ПВО (противовоздушной обороны) — air-defence / antiaircraft force
разъединение войск — disengagement of troops, military disengagement of troops, military disengagement
численность войск — strength, troop population
-
73 model
модель, образец• -
74 curve
1) закругление, кривая; эпюра2) график; лекало3) гнуть, разбивать кривую•- actual curve - adiabatic curve - ageing curve - backwater curve - bending curve - bending moment curve - bulking curve - capacity curve - characteristic curve - closed curve - compression curve - connecting curve - consolidation-test curve - cumulative grading curve - deflection curve - depletion curve - depression curve - discharge curve - discharge-mass curve - dotted curve - drawdown curve - drawing curve - easy curve - efficiency curve - elastic curve - flat curve - flow curve - grading curve - hardening curve - heating curve - helical curve - horizontal curve - isotherm curve - lag curve - level curve - load curve - load-deflection curve - load-duration curve - load-strain curve - load-time deflection curve - moment curve - no-load curve - performance curve - pressure curve - rating curve - rating curve of spillway - recovery curve - resistance curve - risk curve - smoothed curve - speed-load curve - stress-strain curve - sweeping curve - wear-time curvecurve of maximum bending moments — кривая, огибающая наибольших изгибающих моментов
* * *1. кривая; график2. лекало3. изгиб; закругление; кривизна- curve of maximum bending moments
- curve of maximum moments
- ageing curve
- apparent-resistivity curve
- area curve
- area-volume curve
- averaged curve
- backwater curve
- bending curve
- bending failure curve
- bending moment curve
- bilinear elastic-strain hardening curve
- bilinear elastic strain-hardening stress strain curve
- blind curve
- Bolomey's curves
- braking curve
- bulking curve
- calibration curve
- capacity curve
- casting curve
- catenary curve
- characteristic curve
- circular curve
- closed curve
- column curve
- compaction curve
- compound curve
- consolidation-test curve
- constant-radius curve
- consumption curve
- contour curve
- cost curve
- counter curve
- creep curve
- cubic curve
- cumulation volume curve
- decrement curve
- deflection curve
- deformation curve
- depletion curve
- depression curve
- depth curve
- depth-velocity curve
- discharge curve
- discharge mass curve
- discharge-rating curve
- dispersion curve
- displacement-time curve
- distribution curve
- drawdown curve
- drawing curve
- drop-down curve
- duration curve
- easement curve
- elastic curve
- empirical curve
- envelope curve
- expansion curve
- fan performance curve
- fatigue curve
- fee curve
- flat curve
- flexure curve
- flood-frequency curve
- flow curve
- flow-duration curve
- flow mass curve
- frequency curve
- Fuller's curve
- funicular curve
- gauge correlation curve
- gradation curve
- graduated transition curve
- grain-size accumulation curve
- groundwater storage curve
- hairpin curve
- hardening curve
- head-capacity curve
- heating curve
- helical curve
- horizontal curve
- ideal grading curve
- integral flow curve
- integrated curve
- intrinsic curve
- load curve
- load-deformation curve
- load-extension curve
- load-transfer curve
- mass curve
- mass curve of rainfall
- mass-haul curve
- meridional curve
- Mohr's enveloping curve
- moment curve
- Moody curve
- NC curves
- noise criteria curves
- ogee curve
- open curve
- particle-size accumulator curve
- particle-size distribution curve
- payload-range curve
- performance curve
- plane curve
- population curve
- pressure-void ratio curve
- probability curve
- Proctor moisture density curve
- Proctor curve
- pull rise curve
- pump curve
- rating curve
- rebound curve
- recession curve
- recompression curve
- reloading curve
- representative curve
- reverse curve
- reverse loop curve
- S curve
- sag curve
- saturation curve
- second-order curve
- short-term stress-strain curve
- sieve analysis curve
- sine curve
- smooth curve
- space curve
- stage discharge curve
- storage curve
- stress-strain curve
- system head curve
- temperature curve
- test curve
- tight curve
- time curve
- time-deformation curve
- torque curve
- transition curve
- travel-time curve
- true stress-strain curve
- vertical curve
- vertical velocity curve
- virgin curve
- volume curve
- wear curve
- whiplash curve
- Wöhler curve
- zero air voids curve -
75 East Timor
Colony of Portugal from the 16th century to December 1975, with an area of 40,000 square kilometers (18,989 square miles). East Timor is located on the eastern portion of the island of Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. From 1975 to August 1999, when it was forcibly annexed and occupied by Indonesia, until May 2002, when it achieved full independence, East Timor was, in effect, a ward of the United Nations.In the 16th century, the Portuguese established trading posts on the island, but for centuries few Portuguese settled there, and the "colony" remained isolated and neglected. After the Dutch won control of Indonesia, there was a territorial dispute with Portugal as to who "owned" what on the island of Timor. In 1859, this question was decided as the Dutch and Portuguese governments formally divided the island into a Dutch portion (west) and the Portuguese colony (east) and established the frontier. From the late 19th century to World War I, Portugal consolidated its control of East Timor by means of military campaigns against the Timorese tribes. In addition to colonial officials, a few Portuguese missionaries and merchants occupied East Timor, but few Portuguese ever settled there.East Timor's geographic location close to the north coast of Australia and its sharing of one island in the Dutch colony catapulted it into world affairs early in World War II. To forestall a Japanese invasion of Timor, a joint Dutch-Australian expedition landed on 17 December 1941; the Portuguese authorities neither resisted nor cooperated. In February 1942, when Japanese troops landed in Timor, the small allied force fled to the hills and later was evacuated to Australia. Japan occupied all of Timor and the remainder of the Dutch East Indies until Japan's surrender in September 1945. Portugal soon reassumed control.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, East Timorese nationalist parties hoped for rapid decolonization and independence with Lisbon's cooperation. But on 28 November 1975, before a preoccupied Portugal could work out a formal transfer of power, the Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor (FRETILIN), then in control of the former colony's capital, declared independence, and, on 7 December 1975, Indonesian armed forces swiftly invaded, occupied, and annexed East Timor. In the following years, a tragic loss of life occurred. Portugal refused to recognize Indonesia's sovereignty over East Timor and claimed legal sovereignty before the United Nations.As Indonesia persistently and brutally suppressed Timorese nationalist resistance, world media attention focused on this still remote island. Several sensational international and Indonesian events altered the status of occupied East Timor, following the continuation of FRETILIN guerrilla resistance. In November 1991, world media disseminated information on the Indonesian forces' slaughter of East Timorese protesters at a cemetery demonstration in the capital of Dili. In 1996, two East Timorese, Bishop Belo and José Ramos Horta, each a symbol of East Timorese resistance and the desire for independence, shared the Nobel Peace Prize. Then, in 1998, in Indonesia, the Suharto regime collapsed and was replaced by a more democratic government, which in January 1999 pledged a free referendum in East Timor. On 30 August 1999, the referendum was held, and nearly 80 percent of the East Timorese voters voted for independence from Indonesia.However, Indonesian armed forces and militias reacted brutally, using intimidation, murder, mayhem, and razing of buildings to try to reverse the people's will. Following some weeks of confusion, a United Nations (UN) armed forces, led by Australia, took control of East Timor and declared it a UN protectorate, to last until East Timor was secure from Indonesian aggression and prepared for full independence. East Timor had changed from a Portuguese colony to an Indonesian protectorate/colony to a fledgling nation-in-the-making.The status of East Timor as a ward of the UN was made official on 25 October 1999, as the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor began to prepare the country for independence. Appalling conditions prevailed: 70 percent of the country's buildings had been destroyed and nearly half of the population of 800,000 had been driven out of East Timor into uneasy refuge in West Timor, under Indonesian control. A territory without an economy, East Timor lacked police, civil servants, schools, and government records.With UN assistance, general elections were held in the spring of 2002; the majority of parliamentary seats were won by FRETILIN, and José "Xanana" Gusmão was elected the first president. On 20 May 2002, East Timor became independent. World luminaries adorned the independence celebrations: UN secretary-general Kofi Annan, former U.S. president Bill Clinton, and other celebrities attended. But East Timor's travails continued with civil strife and uncertainty. -
76 devolution
1 ( transfer) transfert m (from de ; to à) ;2 Pol régionalisation f ;3 Jur dévolution f ;4 Biol dégénérescence f.ⓘ Devolution Au Royaume-Uni, ce terme désigne le transfert du pouvoir politique de Londres vers de nouvelles structures parlementaires en Écosse, au pays de Galles et en Irlande du Nord. Le Parlement d'Écosse et l'Assemblée du Pays de Galles furent institués après consultation des populations concernées par référendum (1997). En Irlande du Nord, c'est le Good Friday Agreement (1998) conclu entre le gouvernement britannique et les chefs politiques irlandais, puis approuvé par la population des deux parties de l'île, qui a conduit à la création d'une assemblée parlementaire ( Northern Ireland Assembly). -
77 Shockley, William Bradford
[br]b. 13 February 1910 London, Englandd. 12 August 1989, Palo Alto, California, USA.[br]American physicist who developed the junction transistor from the point contact transistor and was joint winner (with John Bardeen and Walter H. Brattain) of the 1956 Nobel Prize for physics.[br]The son of a mining engineer, Shockley graduated from the California Institute of Technology in 1932 and in 1936 obtained his PhD at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. In that year, he joined the staff of Bell Telephone Laboratories.Since the early days of radio, crystals of silicon or similar materials had been used to rectify alternating current supply until these were displaced by thermionic valves or tubes. Shockley, with Bardeen and Brattain, found that crystals of germanium containing traces of certain impurities formed far better rectifiers than crystals of the material in its pure form. The resulting device, the transistor, could also be used to amplify the current; its name is derived from its ability to transfer current across a resistor. The transistor, being so much smaller than the thermionic valve which it replaced, led to the miniaturization of electronic appliances. Another advantage was that a transistorized device needed no period of warming up, such as was necessary with a thermionic valve before it would operate. The dispersal of the heat generated by a multiplicity of thermionic valves such as were present in early computers was another problem obviated by the advent of the transistor.Shockley was responsible for much development in the field of semiconductors. He was Deputy Director of the Weapons Systems Evaluation Group of the US Department of Defense (1954–5), and in 1963 he was appointed the first Poniatoff Professor of Engineering Science at Stanford University, California. During the late 1960s Shockley became a controversial figure for expressing his unorthodox views on genetics, such as that black people were inherently less intelligent than white people, and that the population explosion spread "bad" genes at the expense of "good" genes; he supported the idea of a sperm bank from Nobel Prize winners, voluntary sterilization and the restriction of interracial marriages.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Physics 1956.Further ReadingI.Asimov (ed.), 1982, Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, New York: Doubleday \& Co.IMcNBiographical history of technology > Shockley, William Bradford
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