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peripheral+war

  • 1 World War II

    (1939-1945)
       In the European phase of the war, neutral Portugal contributed more to the Allied victory than historians have acknowledged. Portugal experienced severe pressures to compromise her neutrality from both the Axis and Allied powers and, on several occasions, there were efforts to force Portugal to enter the war as a belligerent. Several factors lent Portugal importance as a neutral. This was especially the case during the period from the fall of France in June 1940 to the Allied invasion and reconquest of France from June to August 1944.
       In four respects, Portugal became briefly a modest strategic asset for the Allies and a war materiel supplier for both sides: the country's location in the southwesternmost corner of the largely German-occupied European continent; being a transport and communication terminus, observation post for spies, and crossroads between Europe, the Atlantic, the Americas, and Africa; Portugal's strategically located Atlantic islands, the Azores, Madeira, and Cape Verde archipelagos; and having important mines of wolfram or tungsten ore, crucial for the war industry for hardening steel.
       To maintain strict neutrality, the Estado Novo regime dominated by Antônio de Oliveira Salazar performed a delicate balancing act. Lisbon attempted to please and cater to the interests of both sets of belligerents, but only to the extent that the concessions granted would not threaten Portugal's security or its status as a neutral. On at least two occasions, Portugal's neutrality status was threatened. First, Germany briefly considered invading Portugal and Spain during 1940-41. A second occasion came in 1943 and 1944 as Great Britain, backed by the United States, pressured Portugal to grant war-related concessions that threatened Portugal's status of strict neutrality and would possibly bring Portugal into the war on the Allied side. Nazi Germany's plan ("Operation Felix") to invade the Iberian Peninsula from late 1940 into 1941 was never executed, but the Allies occupied and used several air and naval bases in Portugal's Azores Islands.
       The second major crisis for Portugal's neutrality came with increasing Allied pressures for concessions from the summer of 1943 to the summer of 1944. Led by Britain, Portugal's oldest ally, Portugal was pressured to grant access to air and naval bases in the Azores Islands. Such bases were necessary to assist the Allies in winning the Battle of the Atlantic, the naval war in which German U-boats continued to destroy Allied shipping. In October 1943, following tedious negotiations, British forces began to operate such bases and, in November 1944, American forces were allowed to enter the islands. Germany protested and made threats, but there was no German attack.
       Tensions rose again in the spring of 1944, when the Allies demanded that Lisbon cease exporting wolfram to Germany. Salazar grew agitated, considered resigning, and argued that Portugal had made a solemn promise to Germany that wolfram exports would be continued and that Portugal could not break its pledge. The Portuguese ambassador in London concluded that the shipping of wolfram to Germany was "the price of neutrality." Fearing that a still-dangerous Germany could still attack Portugal, Salazar ordered the banning of the mining, sale, and exports of wolfram not only to Germany but to the Allies as of 6 June 1944.
       Portugal did not enter the war as a belligerent, and its forces did not engage in combat, but some Portuguese experienced directly or indirectly the impact of fighting. Off Portugal or near her Atlantic islands, Portuguese naval personnel or commercial fishermen rescued at sea hundreds of victims of U-boat sinkings of Allied shipping in the Atlantic. German U-boats sank four or five Portuguese merchant vessels as well and, in 1944, a U-boat stopped, boarded, searched, and forced the evacuation of a Portuguese ocean liner, the Serpa Pinto, in mid-Atlantic. Filled with refugees, the liner was not sunk but several passengers lost their lives and the U-boat kidnapped two of the ship's passengers, Portuguese Americans of military age, and interned them in a prison camp. As for involvement in a theater of war, hundreds of inhabitants were killed and wounded in remote East Timor, a Portuguese colony near Indonesia, which was invaded, annexed, and ruled by Japanese forces between February 1942 and August 1945. In other incidents, scores of Allied military planes, out of fuel or damaged in air combat, crashed or were forced to land in neutral Portugal. Air personnel who did not survive such crashes were buried in Portuguese cemeteries or in the English Cemetery, Lisbon.
       Portugal's peripheral involvement in largely nonbelligerent aspects of the war accelerated social, economic, and political change in Portugal's urban society. It strengthened political opposition to the dictatorship among intellectual and working classes, and it obliged the regime to bolster political repression. The general economic and financial status of Portugal, too, underwent improvements since creditor Britain, in order to purchase wolfram, foods, and other materials needed during the war, became indebted to Portugal. When Britain repaid this debt after the war, Portugal was able to restore and expand its merchant fleet. Unlike most of Europe, ravaged by the worst war in human history, Portugal did not suffer heavy losses of human life, infrastructure, and property. Unlike even her neighbor Spain, badly shaken by its terrible Civil War (1936-39), Portugal's immediate postwar condition was more favorable, especially in urban areas, although deep-seated poverty remained.
       Portugal experienced other effects, especially during 1939-42, as there was an influx of about a million war refugees, an infestation of foreign spies and other secret agents from 60 secret intelligence services, and the residence of scores of international journalists who came to report the war from Lisbon. There was also the growth of war-related mining (especially wolfram and tin). Portugal's media eagerly reported the war and, by and large, despite government censorship, the Portuguese print media favored the Allied cause. Portugal's standard of living underwent some improvement, although price increases were unpopular.
       The silent invasion of several thousand foreign spies, in addition to the hiring of many Portuguese as informants and spies, had fascinating outcomes. "Spyland" Portugal, especially when Portugal was a key point for communicating with occupied Europe (1940-44), witnessed some unusual events, and spying for foreigners at least briefly became a national industry. Until mid-1944, when Allied forces invaded France, Portugal was the only secure entry point from across the Atlantic to Europe or to the British Isles, as well as the escape hatch for refugees, spies, defectors, and others fleeing occupied Europe or Vichy-controlled Morocco, Tunisia, and Algeria. Through Portugal by car, ship, train, or scheduled civil airliner one could travel to and from Spain or to Britain, or one could leave through Portugal, the westernmost continental country of Europe, to seek refuge across the Atlantic in the Americas.
       The wartime Portuguese scene was a colorful melange of illegal activities, including espionage, the black market, war propaganda, gambling, speculation, currency counterfeiting, diamond and wolfram smuggling, prostitution, and the drug and arms trade, and they were conducted by an unusual cast of characters. These included refugees, some of whom were spies, smugglers, diplomats, and business people, many from foreign countries seeking things they could find only in Portugal: information, affordable food, shelter, and security. German agents who contacted Allied sailors in the port of Lisbon sought to corrupt and neutralize these men and, if possible, recruit them as spies, and British intelligence countered this effort. Britain's MI-6 established a new kind of "safe house" to protect such Allied crews from German espionage and venereal disease infection, an approved and controlled house of prostitution in Lisbon's bairro alto district.
       Foreign observers and writers were impressed with the exotic, spy-ridden scene in Lisbon, as well as in Estoril on the Sun Coast (Costa do Sol), west of Lisbon harbor. What they observed appeared in noted autobiographical works and novels, some written during and some after the war. Among notable writers and journalists who visited or resided in wartime Portugal were Hungarian writer and former communist Arthur Koestler, on the run from the Nazi's Gestapo; American radio broadcaster-journalist Eric Sevareid; novelist and Hollywood script-writer Frederick Prokosch; American diplomat George Kennan; Rumanian cultural attache and later scholar of mythology Mircea Eliade; and British naval intelligence officer and novelist-to-be Ian Fleming. Other notable visiting British intelligence officers included novelist Graham Greene; secret Soviet agent in MI-6 and future defector to the Soviet Union Harold "Kim" Philby; and writer Malcolm Muggeridge. French letters were represented by French writer and airman, Antoine Saint-Exupery and French playwright, Jean Giroudoux. Finally, Aquilino Ribeiro, one of Portugal's premier contemporary novelists, wrote about wartime Portugal, including one sensational novel, Volframio, which portrayed the profound impact of the exploitation of the mineral wolfram on Portugal's poor, still backward society.
       In Estoril, Portugal, the idea for the world's most celebrated fictitious spy, James Bond, was probably first conceived by Ian Fleming. Fleming visited Portugal several times after 1939 on Naval Intelligence missions, and later he dreamed up the James Bond character and stories. Background for the early novels in the James Bond series was based in part on people and places Fleming observed in Portugal. A key location in Fleming's first James Bond novel, Casino Royale (1953) is the gambling Casino of Estoril. In addition, one aspect of the main plot, the notion that a spy could invent "secret" intelligence for personal profit, was observed as well by the British novelist and former MI-6 officer, while engaged in operations in wartime Portugal. Greene later used this information in his 1958 spy novel, Our Man in Havana, as he observed enemy agents who fabricated "secrets" for money.
       Thus, Portugal's World War II experiences introduced the country and her people to a host of new peoples, ideas, products, and influences that altered attitudes and quickened the pace of change in this quiet, largely tradition-bound, isolated country. The 1943-45 connections established during the Allied use of air and naval bases in Portugal's Azores Islands were a prelude to Portugal's postwar membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

    Historical dictionary of Portugal > World War II

  • 2 война на большом удалении от центра

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > война на большом удалении от центра

  • 3 периферийная война

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > периферийная война

  • 4 ограниченная периферийная война

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > ограниченная периферийная война

  • 5 ограниченные боевые действия на большом удалении от центра

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > ограниченные боевые действия на большом удалении от центра

  • 6 cortés

    m.
    Cortes, Hernando Cortez.
    * * *
    1 courteous, polite
    \
    lo cortés no quita lo valiente familiar you can be polite but brave at the same time
    * * *
    adj.
    courteous, polite
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) (=atento) courteous, polite
    2)
    * * *
    adjetivo polite, courteous
    * * *
    = polite, corteous, courteous, considerate, gracious, urbane, well-mannered, chivalrous, gentlemanlike, civil, friendly-sounding.
    Ex. Events are not named according to what it is polite or ideal to call them, but according to what they are actually called by authorities in the field.
    Ex. Beneath his courteous exterior he hid a sudden spasm of profound agitation.
    Ex. However compassionate, courteous, and unpressed for time one is, it becomes necessary to move on to other duties.
    Ex. Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the in considerate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.
    Ex. It will be necessary to be gracious when accepting what seem to be peripheral assignments from a company vice president.
    Ex. His urbane manner, formidable erudition, and background experience might have led one to conclude that perhaps he was somewhat out of his element there on the prairie.
    Ex. One should avoid giving less effort to the resolution of a problem presented by a calm, well-mannered individual than to those presented by loud, demanding, and persistent pests.
    Ex. The sketchbook features drawings illustrating the liberal arts (including personifications of the planets), the chivalrous life (including hunting and love), household remedies, mining and smelting, and war technology.
    Ex. Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike: he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners.
    Ex. This situation only really stands out because this place is normally such an oasis of gentlemanly and civil behaviour.
    Ex. The friendly-sounding British bobbies, created in 1829, were the first professional police force, copied by cities around the world.
    ----
    * poco cortés = impolite, ungentlemanlike.
    * ser cortés con = be civil towards.
    * * *
    adjetivo polite, courteous
    * * *
    = polite, corteous, courteous, considerate, gracious, urbane, well-mannered, chivalrous, gentlemanlike, civil, friendly-sounding.

    Ex: Events are not named according to what it is polite or ideal to call them, but according to what they are actually called by authorities in the field.

    Ex: Beneath his courteous exterior he hid a sudden spasm of profound agitation.
    Ex: However compassionate, courteous, and unpressed for time one is, it becomes necessary to move on to other duties.
    Ex: Library users fall into 4 groups: (1) patrons, who are considerate, grateful and undemanding; (2) 'pests' -- the in considerate; (3) 'pirates' who steal, deface and mutilate library property and materials; (4) 'vampires' whose enquiries make excessive demands upon the librarian's time.
    Ex: It will be necessary to be gracious when accepting what seem to be peripheral assignments from a company vice president.
    Ex: His urbane manner, formidable erudition, and background experience might have led one to conclude that perhaps he was somewhat out of his element there on the prairie.
    Ex: One should avoid giving less effort to the resolution of a problem presented by a calm, well-mannered individual than to those presented by loud, demanding, and persistent pests.
    Ex: The sketchbook features drawings illustrating the liberal arts (including personifications of the planets), the chivalrous life (including hunting and love), household remedies, mining and smelting, and war technology.
    Ex: Mr. Bingley was good-looking and gentlemanlike: he had a pleasant countenance, and easy, unaffected manners.
    Ex: This situation only really stands out because this place is normally such an oasis of gentlemanly and civil behaviour.
    Ex: The friendly-sounding British bobbies, created in 1829, were the first professional police force, copied by cities around the world.
    * poco cortés = impolite, ungentlemanlike.
    * ser cortés con = be civil towards.

    * * *
    polite, courteous
    lo cortés no quita lo valiente: ¿aún la saludas después de lo que te hizo? — sí, lo cortés no quita lo valiente you still say hello to her after what she did to you? — yes, politeness doesn't have to be a sign of weakness o you don't lose anything by being polite
    * * *

     

    Del verbo cortar: ( conjugate cortar)

    cortes es:

    2ª persona singular (tú) presente subjuntivo

    Multiple Entries:
    cortar    
    cortes    
    cortés
    cortar ( conjugate cortar) verbo transitivo
    1 ( dividir) ‹cuerda/pastel› to cut, chop;
    ‹ asado› to carve;
    ‹leña/madera› to chop;
    ‹ baraja› to cut;
    ◊ cortés algo por la mitad to cut sth in half o in two;

    cortés algo en rodajas/en cuadritos to slice/dice sth;
    cortés algo en trozos to cut sth into pieces
    2 (quitar, separar) ‹rama/punta/pierna› to cut off;
    ‹ árbol› to cut down, chop down;
    ‹ flores› (CS) to pick;

    3 ( hacer más corto) ‹pelo/uñas› to cut;
    ‹césped/pasto› to mow;
    ‹ seto› to cut;
    ‹ rosal› to cut back;
    ‹ texto› to cut down
    4 ( en costura) ‹falda/vestido› to cut out
    5 ( interrumpir)
    a) ‹agua/gas/luz/teléfono› to cut off;

    ‹película/programa› to interrupt
    b) ‹ calle› [policía/obreros] to close, block off;

    [ manifestantes] to block;

    6 (censurar, editar) ‹ película› to cut;
    ‹escena/diálogo› to cut (out)
    7 [ frío]:
    ◊ el frío me cortó los labios my lips were chapped o cracked from the cold weather

    verbo intransitivo
    1 [cuchillo/tijeras] to cut
    2
    a) (Cin):

    ◊ ¡corten! cut!




    cortarse verbo pronominal
    1 ( interrumpirse) [proyección/película] to stop;
    [llamada/gas] to get cut off;

    se me cortó la respiración I could hardly breathe
    2

    ‹brazo/cara› to cut;

    b) ( refl) ‹uñas/pelo› to cut;


    c) ( caus) ‹ pelo› to have … cut;


    d) [piel/labios] to crack, become chapped

    3 ( cruzarse) [líneas/calles] to cross
    4 [ leche] to curdle;
    [mayonesa/salsa] to separate
    5 (Chi, Esp) [ persona] (turbarse, aturdirse) to get embarrassed
    cortés adjetivo
    polite, courteous
    cortar
    I verbo transitivo
    1 to cut
    (un árbol) to cut down
    (el césped) to mow
    2 (amputar) to cut off
    3 (la luz, el teléfono) to cut off
    4 (impedir el paso) to block
    5 (eliminar, censurar) to cut out
    II verbo intransitivo
    1 (partir) to cut
    2 (atajar) to cut across, to take a short cut
    3 familiar (interrumpir una relación) to split up: cortó con su novia, he split up with his girlfriend
    ♦ Locuciones: familiar cortar por lo sano, to put an end to
    cortés adjetivo courteous, polite
    ' cortés' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    corte
    - cumplida
    - cumplido
    - disolución
    - educada
    - educado
    - gentil
    - atento
    - cortar
    - galantería
    - presidir
    English:
    attentive
    - chivalrous
    - civil
    - courteous
    - gallant
    - graceful
    - gracious
    - urbane
    - cut
    - debonair
    - polite
    * * *
    cortés adj
    polite, courteous;
    lo cortés no quita lo valiente there's no harm in being polite
    * * *
    adj courteous
    * * *
    cortés adj
    : courteous, polite
    ♦ cortésmente adv
    * * *
    Cortes npl Spanish Parliament

    Spanish-English dictionary > cortés

  • 7 elegante

    adj.
    1 elegant, smart (persona, ropa).
    estás muy elegante con ese vestido you look really smart in that dress
    ponte elegante, vamos a una boda make yourself smart, we're going to a wedding
    2 smart, chic (barrio, hotel, fiesta).
    3 graceful, elegant (movimiento, porte).
    4 gracious (actitud, comportamiento).
    fue un gesto poco elegante por su parte it wasn't a very gracious gesture on his part
    f. & m.
    elegant person.
    * * *
    1 elegant, smart, stylish
    * * *
    adj.
    elegant, smart
    * * *
    ADJ [gen] elegant; [traje, fiesta, tienda] fashionable, smart; [sociedad] fashionable, elegant; [decoración] tasteful; [frase] elegant, well-turned, polished
    * * *
    1)
    a) <moda/vestido> elegant, smart

    iba muy elegante — ( bien vestido) he was very well o very smartly dressed; ( garboso) he looked very elegant

    b) <barrio/restaurante/fiesta> smart, fashionable
    2) <estilo/frase> elegant, polished; < solución> elegant, neat
    * * *
    = elegant, glamorous, dashing, genteel, graceful, gracious, chic, polished, stylish, dainty [daintier -comp., daintiest -sup.], gourmet, glam, voguish, dapper, swish.
    Ex. A modern comfortable library could look like that in Berlin's Tiergarten, with its opne-air gardens, or resemble Evanston's library with its comfortable chairs and elegant (and, one hopes, safe) fireplaces.
    Ex. Service is perhaps not a very glamorous concept, but we are nevertheless a service profession = El servicio quizás no es un concepto muy atractivo, pero no obstante somos una profesión dedicada al servicio.
    Ex. Some unfortunate children grow up as readers of James Bond, of dashing thrillers and the blood-and-guts of crude war stories.
    Ex. The stereotype of the governess as exemplified in Jane Eyre -- intelligent, restrained, soberly clad -- was the predecessor of the librarian as an occupation in which the women of the period, the 'guardians of morality' could find genteel employment.
    Ex. The author who can vary his terminology to maintain the reader's interest is a handicap to the indexer, who is more concerned with the ideas conveyed than with the niceties of a graceful literary style.
    Ex. It will be necessary to be gracious when accepting what seem to be peripheral assignments from a company vice president.
    Ex. From the chic Princes Square and the monumental St Enoch Centre to the magnificent Buchanan Galleries, shopping is an essential part of the Glasgow experience.
    Ex. The consolidation of abstracts into a polished bulletin or list is usually the responsibility of information staff.
    Ex. A number of innovative initiatives have resulted in stylish new public libraries.
    Ex. They then went to a rather dainty little Italian restaurant where they ate a scrumptious meal and drank a bottle of wine.
    Ex. Several hundred fans noshed on gourmet sandwiches, pizza, pasta and fancy chips and dips.
    Ex. Ponytails are becoming glam, says the New York Times.
    Ex. Wearing a wedding gown from a charity shop is very voguish right now.
    Ex. He was looking very dapper in a pinstripe suit and tie, for some reason not sweaty and gross like everyone else.
    Ex. The entrance to the hotel is very swish and the rooms although small very well maintained and clean.
    ----
    * de un modo elegante = elegantly.
    * poco elegante = inelegant, awkward, dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].
    * * *
    1)
    a) <moda/vestido> elegant, smart

    iba muy elegante — ( bien vestido) he was very well o very smartly dressed; ( garboso) he looked very elegant

    b) <barrio/restaurante/fiesta> smart, fashionable
    2) <estilo/frase> elegant, polished; < solución> elegant, neat
    * * *
    = elegant, glamorous, dashing, genteel, graceful, gracious, chic, polished, stylish, dainty [daintier -comp., daintiest -sup.], gourmet, glam, voguish, dapper, swish.

    Ex: A modern comfortable library could look like that in Berlin's Tiergarten, with its opne-air gardens, or resemble Evanston's library with its comfortable chairs and elegant (and, one hopes, safe) fireplaces.

    Ex: Service is perhaps not a very glamorous concept, but we are nevertheless a service profession = El servicio quizás no es un concepto muy atractivo, pero no obstante somos una profesión dedicada al servicio.
    Ex: Some unfortunate children grow up as readers of James Bond, of dashing thrillers and the blood-and-guts of crude war stories.
    Ex: The stereotype of the governess as exemplified in Jane Eyre -- intelligent, restrained, soberly clad -- was the predecessor of the librarian as an occupation in which the women of the period, the 'guardians of morality' could find genteel employment.
    Ex: The author who can vary his terminology to maintain the reader's interest is a handicap to the indexer, who is more concerned with the ideas conveyed than with the niceties of a graceful literary style.
    Ex: It will be necessary to be gracious when accepting what seem to be peripheral assignments from a company vice president.
    Ex: From the chic Princes Square and the monumental St Enoch Centre to the magnificent Buchanan Galleries, shopping is an essential part of the Glasgow experience.
    Ex: The consolidation of abstracts into a polished bulletin or list is usually the responsibility of information staff.
    Ex: A number of innovative initiatives have resulted in stylish new public libraries.
    Ex: They then went to a rather dainty little Italian restaurant where they ate a scrumptious meal and drank a bottle of wine.
    Ex: Several hundred fans noshed on gourmet sandwiches, pizza, pasta and fancy chips and dips.
    Ex: Ponytails are becoming glam, says the New York Times.
    Ex: Wearing a wedding gown from a charity shop is very voguish right now.
    Ex: He was looking very dapper in a pinstripe suit and tie, for some reason not sweaty and gross like everyone else.
    Ex: The entrance to the hotel is very swish and the rooms although small very well maintained and clean.
    * de un modo elegante = elegantly.
    * poco elegante = inelegant, awkward, dowdy [dowdier -comp., dowdiest -sup.].

    * * *
    A
    1 ‹moda/vestido› elegant, stylish, smart
    iba muy elegante (bien vestido) he was very well o very smartly dressed; (garboso, grácil) he was very stylishly o elegantly dressed, he looked very elegant
    ¡qué elegante te has puesto! ( fam); you look smart!
    los elegantes jardines de la casa the elegantly o beautifully laid out gardens of the house
    2 ‹barrio/restaurante/fiesta› smart, fashionable, chic
    B
    1 ‹estilo› elegant, polished
    una frase muy elegante a very elegant o a well-turned phrase
    2 (generoso) ‹gesto/actitud› generous, handsome
    3 ‹solución› elegant, neat
    * * *

     

    elegante adjetivo
    1
    a) ‹moda/vestido› elegant, smart;

    ◊ iba muy elegante he was very well o very smartly dressed

    b) ‹barrio/restaurante/fiesta› smart

    2 ‹estilo/frase› elegant, polished
    elegante adjetivo elegant
    ' elegante' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    arreglar
    - arreglada
    - arreglado
    - arreglarse
    - bonita
    - bonito
    - sobria
    - sobrio
    - vestir
    - vestirse
    - gagá
    - pituco
    English:
    avail
    - chic
    - classy
    - dashing
    - dowdy
    - dressy
    - elegant
    - fashionable
    - fine
    - graceful
    - gracious
    - ladylike
    - posh
    - ritzy
    - sleek
    - smart
    - snappy
    - snazzy
    - swish
    - unfashionable
    - awkward
    - debonair
    - do
    - dress
    - show
    - sprawl
    - stylish
    - suave
    - trim
    * * *
    1. [en vestimenta] [persona] elegant, smart;
    [ropa, calzado] smart, elegant;
    estás muy elegante con ese vestido you look really smart in that dress;
    ir elegante to be dressed smartly;
    ¡qué elegante vas! you look smart!;
    ponte elegante, vamos a una boda make yourself smart, we're going to a wedding;
    es elegante en el vestir he dresses elegantly o smartly
    2. [lujoso] [barrio, hotel, fiesta] smart, chic;
    los elegantes bulevares parisinos the elegant boulevards of Paris
    3. [en garbo, porte] graceful, elegant
    4. [en actitud, comportamiento] gracious;
    fue un gesto poco elegante por su parte it wasn't a very gracious gesture on his part
    5. [estilo, frase] elegant
    * * *
    adj elegant, stylish
    * * *
    : elegant, smart
    * * *
    1. (persona, vestido) elegant
    2. (lugar) smart

    Spanish-English dictionary > elegante

  • 8 nervioso

    adj.
    nervous, edgy, jumpy, jittery.
    * * *
    1 (gen) nervous
    2 (excitable) excitable
    3 (intranquilo) nervous, uptight, edgy
    \
    poner nervioso,-a a alguien to get on somebody's nerves
    ponerse nervioso,-a (intranquilizarse) to get nervous 2 (impacientarse) to get all excited 3 (aturullarse) to get flustered
    * * *
    (f. - nerviosa)
    adj.
    * * *
    ADJ
    1) (Anat) nerve antes de s, nervous
    2) (=excitable)

    ser nervioso — to be highly strung, be nervous

    3) (=intranquilo)

    ¡no te pongas nervioso! — keep cool! *

    * * *
    - sa adjetivo
    1) <persona/animal>
    a) [ser] ( excitable) nervous
    b) [estar] (preocupado, tenso) nervous
    c) [estar] ( agitado) agitated
    2) < trastorno> nervous
    * * *
    = nervous, in a tizz(y), nervy [nervier -comp., nerviest -sup.], jumpy [jumpier -comp., jumpiest -sup.], on edge, fidgety, uptight, twitchy [twitchier -comp., twitchiest -sup.], stressed.
    Ex. Male librarians believed the public's image of themselves to be more submissive, meek, nervous, effeminate, reserved, following, subdued and less approachable, athletic, and attractive than the undergraduate sample actually saw them.
    Ex. And finally, we have the art librarians in a tizzy because they think certain types of headings have been tampered with.
    Ex. The article ' Nervy Days for Office Suppliers' reviews the present state of affairs of office automation.
    Ex. This film adaptation is scrappily made and jumpy, and there is nothing here that evokes either the joy of the moment or the death of the soul.
    Ex. The combination of trade deficit, budget deficit, and threat of war has international investors completely on edge.
    Ex. Fidgety people are rarely well, they have generally `a headache,' or `spasms,' or `nerves,' or something of that sort.
    Ex. Many of the working-class mothers who take part could be described as uptight.
    Ex. The day before she wouldn't eat or speak and she was twitchy since she didn't know what the future would hold.
    Ex. Australia is 'in a different league' to most stressed world economies because of the stability of its banks and China's hunger for its exports.
    ----
    * depresión nerviosa = breakdown.
    * de un modo nervioso = nervously.
    * estar nervioso = be in a tizz(y), have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
    * gas nervioso = nerve agent, nerve gas.
    * la gente se está poniendo nerviosa = the natives are nervous.
    * muy nervioso = in a state of agitation, highly-strung, high-strung.
    * persona nerviosa = fidget.
    * poner nervioso = rattle.
    * ponerse nervioso = get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, be in a tizz(y), get in(to) a tizz(y), have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
    * risa nerviosa = giggle.
    * risita nerviosa = giggle.
    * sistema nervioso = nervous system.
    * sistema nervioso periférico = peripheral nervous system.
    * sufrir una depresión nerviosa = have + a breakdown.
    * terminación nerviosa = nerve ending.
    * tic nervioso = tic.
    * * *
    - sa adjetivo
    1) <persona/animal>
    a) [ser] ( excitable) nervous
    b) [estar] (preocupado, tenso) nervous
    c) [estar] ( agitado) agitated
    2) < trastorno> nervous
    * * *
    = nervous, in a tizz(y), nervy [nervier -comp., nerviest -sup.], jumpy [jumpier -comp., jumpiest -sup.], on edge, fidgety, uptight, twitchy [twitchier -comp., twitchiest -sup.], stressed.

    Ex: Male librarians believed the public's image of themselves to be more submissive, meek, nervous, effeminate, reserved, following, subdued and less approachable, athletic, and attractive than the undergraduate sample actually saw them.

    Ex: And finally, we have the art librarians in a tizzy because they think certain types of headings have been tampered with.
    Ex: The article ' Nervy Days for Office Suppliers' reviews the present state of affairs of office automation.
    Ex: This film adaptation is scrappily made and jumpy, and there is nothing here that evokes either the joy of the moment or the death of the soul.
    Ex: The combination of trade deficit, budget deficit, and threat of war has international investors completely on edge.
    Ex: Fidgety people are rarely well, they have generally `a headache,' or `spasms,' or `nerves,' or something of that sort.
    Ex: Many of the working-class mothers who take part could be described as uptight.
    Ex: The day before she wouldn't eat or speak and she was twitchy since she didn't know what the future would hold.
    Ex: Australia is 'in a different league' to most stressed world economies because of the stability of its banks and China's hunger for its exports.
    * depresión nerviosa = breakdown.
    * de un modo nervioso = nervously.
    * estar nervioso = be in a tizz(y), have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
    * gas nervioso = nerve agent, nerve gas.
    * la gente se está poniendo nerviosa = the natives are nervous.
    * muy nervioso = in a state of agitation, highly-strung, high-strung.
    * persona nerviosa = fidget.
    * poner nervioso = rattle.
    * ponerse nervioso = get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, be in a tizz(y), get in(to) a tizz(y), have + butterflies in + Posesivo + stomach.
    * risa nerviosa = giggle.
    * risita nerviosa = giggle.
    * sistema nervioso = nervous system.
    * sistema nervioso periférico = peripheral nervous system.
    * sufrir una depresión nerviosa = have + a breakdown.
    * terminación nerviosa = nerve ending.
    * tic nervioso = tic.

    * * *
    A ‹persona/animal›
    1 [ SER] (excitable) nervous, high-strung ( AmE), highly strung ( BrE)
    2 [ ESTAR] (preocupado) nervous
    estoy muy nervioso por lo de los exámenes I'm very nervous o ( colloq) uptight about the exams
    3 [ ESTAR] (agitado) agitated
    todos estamos muy nerviosos we're all very agitated o ( colloq) worked up o ( colloq) het up
    estás muy nerviosa hoy ¿qué te ha pasado? you seem very agitated o on edge o ( colloq) jumpy today, what's up?
    ese ruido me tiene or me pone nerviosa that noise is getting on my nerves
    me pongo nervioso cada vez que la veo I get flustered every time I see her
    B ‹trastorno› nervous
    * * *

     

    nervioso
    ◊ -sa adjetivo

    1 ‹persona/animal›
    a) [ser] ( excitable) nervous

    b) [estar] (preocupado, tenso) nervous;


    c) [estar] ( agitado) agitated;

    ◊ últimamente se le nota nervioso he's been on edge o (colloq) uptight lately;

    ese ruido me pone muy nerviosa that noise is getting on my nerves;
    me pongo nervioso cada vez que la veo I get flustered every time I see her
    2 ‹ trastorno› nervous;
    ‹ célula› nerve ( before n)
    nervioso,-a adjetivo
    1 nervous: la pregunta le puso nervioso, the question made him nervous
    ponerse nervioso, to get nervous/upset
    2 (inquieto, intranquilo) fidgety: es un niño muy nervioso, he's a very restless child
    ' nervioso' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    agitada
    - agitado
    - agitarse
    - descomponer
    - descomponerse
    - desesperar
    - emocionarse
    - enervar
    - idea
    - impulso
    - nerviosa
    - toda
    - todo
    - ver
    - alborotado
    - poner
    - sí
    - sistema
    - tic
    English:
    crack up
    - edge
    - edgy
    - excite
    - fidgety
    - flap
    - fluster
    - fraught
    - gulp
    - highly-strung
    - jitters
    - jittery
    - jumpy
    - keyed up
    - knickers
    - lather
    - nerve gas
    - nervous
    - nervous system
    - panicky
    - rattle
    - state
    - twitchy
    - unnerve
    - uptight
    - work up
    - agitated
    - butter
    - cool
    - dither
    - high
    - hype
    - nerve
    - system
    - unnerving
    - up
    * * *
    nervioso, -a adj
    1. [sistema, enfermedad] nervous;
    centro/tejido nervioso nerve centre/tissue
    2. [inquieto, agitado] nervous;
    está muy nervioso he's very nervous;
    está muy nervioso por la operación de su padre he's very anxious about his father's operation;
    quise hablar con ella pero me puse muy nervioso I wanted to talk to her but I got all nervous;
    todavía no me han dicho el resultado y me estoy poniendo nervioso they still haven't told me the result and I'm getting nervous o a bit jumpy;
    ese ruidito me está poniendo nervioso that noise is getting on my nerves
    3. [muy activo] Br highly strung, US high-strung;
    es muy nervioso he's very Br highly strung o US high-strung
    * * *
    adj nervous;
    ponerse nervioso get nervous; ( agitado) get agitated;
    poner a alguien nervioso get on s.o.’s nerves
    * * *
    nervioso, -sa adj
    1) : nervous, nerve
    sistema nervioso: nervous system
    2) : high-strung, restless, anxious
    ponerse nervioso: to get nervous
    3) : vigorous, energetic
    * * *
    nervioso adj nervous

    Spanish-English dictionary > nervioso

  • 9 Rand

    Rand m 1. MEDIA margin (einer Seite); 2. PAT, V&M margin • am linken Rand ausrichten COMP, MEDIA left-justify (Text in Textverarbeitung) • am Rande der Insolvenz GEN on the verge of insolvency • am Rande des Bankrotts GEN on the verge of bankruptcy • am Rande des Konkurses GEN on the verge of bankruptcy
    * * *
    m 1. < Medien> einer Seite margin; 2. <Patent, V&M> margin ■ am Rande der Insolvenz < Geschäft> on the verge of insolvency ■ am Rande des Bankrotts < Geschäft> on the verge of bankruptcy ■ am Rande des Konkurses obs < Geschäft> on the verge of bankruptcy
    * * *
    Rand
    (drucktechn.) margin;
    • am Rande des Bankrotts (Konkurses) on the brink of ruin (verge of bankruptcy), bordering on bankruptcy;
    • am Rande der Stadt on the outskirts of the town;
    • auf den Rand gedruckt marginal;
    • bis an den Rand eines Krieges short of war;
    • aufgeschnittener Rand opened margin;
    • bis in die Schrift hinein beschnittener Rand bleed margin;
    • breiter Rand wide margin;
    • schwarzer Rand black frame;
    • oberer weißer Rand head (top) margin;
    • unterer weißer Rand bottom (tail) margin;
    • Rand abschneiden (Anzeige) to bleed;
    • nur am Rande behandeln to treat only peripherally;
    • am Rande der Armut leben to skirt the edge of poverty;
    • am Rande vermerken to write on the margin;
    • Randbemerkungen marginal notes;
    • Randbevölkerung fringe population;
    • Randbezirk fringe;
    • Randbezirke einer Stadt suburbs of a town;
    • Randbreite (drucktechn.) marginal space;
    • Randeinteilung marginal classification;
    • Randerscheinung side issue;
    • Randgebiet fringe area, (Stadt) outskirts, suburb;
    • Randgebiete (fig.) fringe activity;
    • Randgeschäfte aufgeben to sell off one’s peripheral activities;
    • Randglosse [marginal] gloss;
    • Randgruppen fringe elements;
    • Randklasse (Statistik) marginal category;
    • Randkonflikt peripheral conflict;
    • Randproblem side issue;
    • Randsiedlung suburban settlement;
    • Randspur (Autobahn) verge;
    • Randstreifen (Straße) shoulder;
    • Randtätigkeit fringe activity;
    • Randüberschriften (drucktechn.) shoulder (shot) heads;
    • Randzone der Zivilisation fringes of civilization.

    Business german-english dictionary > Rand

  • 10 nerw

    Ⅰ m (G nerwu) 1. Anat. nerve 2. sgt (zdolności) bent
    - nerw reżyserski/pisarski a bent for directing/writing
    - mieć nerw do czegoś to have a bent for sth
    - robić coś z nerwem to do sth with gusto a. verve
    - przemawiał z nerwem he spoke with (great) gusto
    3. Bot. nerve, vein Ⅱ nerwy plt 1. (odporność psychiczna) nerves
    - miała kompletnie rozstrojone nerwy her nerves were shattered
    - mieć mocne/słabe nerwy to have strong/weak nerves
    - do pracy w szkole trzeba mieć dopiero nerwy you really need strong nerves to work at school
    - spokojnie, szkoda nerwów easy, easy, calm down
    2. (rozdrażnienie) nerves
    - panować nad nerwami to keep one’s temper
    - □ nerw błędny Anat. vagus (nerve)
    - nerw kulszowy Anat. sciatic nerve
    - nerw obwodowy Anat. peripheral nerve
    - nerw podjęzykowy Anat. fraenum GB, frenum US, frenulum
    - nerw rdzeniowy Anat. spinal nerve
    - nerw trójdzielny Anat. trigeminal nerve
    - nerwy czuciowe Anat. sensory nerves
    - nerwy ruchowe Anat. motor nerves
    ■ jestem/był (cały) w nerwach pot. I’m/he was all nerves, I’m/he was a bag a. bundle of nerves
    - działać komuś na nerwy a. grać komuś na nerwach pot. to get on sb’s nerves pot., to get up sb’s nose pot.
    - mieć nerwy na wierzchu pot. to be short-tempered, to have a short temper
    - nie mieć nerwów a. być bez nerwów to have nerves of iron a. steel
    - stracić nerwy pot. to lose one’s temper
    - stracić nerwy a. nie mieć nerwów do kogoś/czegoś to be fed up with sb/sth
    - wyjść z nerwów pot. to lose one’s temper
    - żyć nerwami pot. to live on one’s nerves a. one’s nerve ends
    * * *
    - wu; -wy; loc sg - wie; m

    mieć mocne/słabe nerwy — to have strong/weak nerves

    * * *
    mi
    1. anat. nerve; nerw błędny vagus nerve; nerw kulszowy ischiadic l. sciatic nerve; nerw obwodowy peripheral nerve; nerw ruchowy motor nerve; nerw trójdzielny trigeminal nerve.
    2. bot. vein; nerw główny midrib.
    3. pot. (= predyspozycja) knack, talent, skill; mieć nerw pisarski have a talent l. skill for writing; robić coś z nerwem put verve into sth one does.
    4. zob. nerwy.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > nerw

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