pergamum

dīvīnus, a, um, adj. [divus], of or belonging to a deity, divine (class. and very freq.).

Prop.:

divinae Matris imago,

Lucr. 2, 609:

numen,

id. 1, 154; 4, 1233; Cic. N. D. 1, 9, 22; id. Mil. 30 fin. al.:

stirps,

Verg. A. 5, 711; Ov. M. 2, 633; cf.

semen,

id. ib. 1, 78;

and, origo,

Liv. 1, 15:

Pergamum divina moenitum manu,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 2; cf.:

non sine ope divina bellum gerere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 31, 2; and:

quasi divino consilio,

Cic. Fam. 13, 4 fin.:

stellae divinis animatae mentibus,

Cic. Rep. 6, 15:

divina studia colere,

id. ib. 6, 18:

animos hominum esse divinos, i. e.,

of divine origin, id. Lael. 4, 13; cf.: hoc divinum animal (homo, shortly before: quasi mortalem deum), id. [p. 603] Fin. 2, 13, 40:

aliquis instinctus inflatusque,

id. Div. 1, 6 fin.; cf.:

causa divinior,

id. Fin. 5, 11, 33 et saep.:

condimenta,

enjoyed by the gods, divine, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 37:

odor (Veneris),

Verg. A. 1, 403; cf.

decoris,

id. ib. 5, 647:

ars Palladis,

id. ib. 2, 15 et saep.:

divinissima dona, i. e.,

most worthy of a deity, Cic. Leg. 2, 18: re divina facta, i. e., religious exercise, divine worship, sacrifice, etc., Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 13;

in this sense res divina is very freq.,

id. Epid. 2, 3, 11; 3, 3, 34 et saep.; Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 7; id. Hec. 1, 2, 109; Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 47; id. Div. 2, 10; Nep. Hann. 2, 4; Plin. 18, 2, 2, § 7; Suet. Tib. 44 et saep.; less freq. in the plur. divinae res, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 81; Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 8; id. Div. 2, 10; Liv. 23, 11.—In plur. also in gen. for religious affairs, Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 4; 6, 21, 1; Cic. Div. 1, 4 fin. —Also verba, a form of prayer, Cato R. R. 14, 3:

religiones (opp. fides humana),

Liv. 9, 9; cf. id. 34, 31.—

Freq. connected with humanus as a stronger designation for all things, things of every kind, etc. (cf.: di hominesque under deus, I. B. fin.):

dedunt se, divina humanaque omnia,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 102; cf. id. Trin. 2, 4, 78; Liv. 9, 14; Suet. Caes. 84:

res,

Cic. Lael. 6:

jura,

id. Rosc. Am. 23 fin.; Caes. B. C. 1, 6 fin.:

scelera,

Liv. 3, 19; cf. id. 29, 18 fin.:

spes,

id. 10, 40 et saep. But in the explanation of philosophia by scientia divinarum humanarumque rerum, the term divinae res denotes nature, physics, as distinguished from humanae res, i. e. morals, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7; 4, 26, 57; id. Off. 1, 43, 153; 2, 2, 5; id. Fin. 2, 12, 37; Sen. Ep. 88; 90; Quint. 12, 2, 8; 20 al.; cf. Cic. Or. 34; Quint. 10, 1, 35.—So too in jurid. lang., divinae res signifies natural laws, in opp. to humanae res, positive laws, Cic. Sest. 42, 91; Just. Inst. 1, 1; Dig. 1, 1, 10.— dīvīnum, i, n.,

The deity, to theion:

divina si faverint,

God willing, Pall. 1, 1, 2; Juv. 15, 144; Amm. 23, 6; id. 22, 16 fin. —

The divine, that which comes from God, nihil est divino divinius, Sen. Ep. 66, 11.—

That which is under the sanction of a god; hence: quicquam divini credere alicui; or simply: divini alicui credere, to believe one upon oath (ante-class.):

numquam edepol tu mihi divini quicquam creduis, in, etc.,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40:

quid ei divini aut humani aequum est credere?

id. Poen. 2, 1, 20:

nam mihi divini numquam quisquam creduat, ni, etc.,

id. Bacch. 3, 3, 99; id. As. 5, 2, 4.

Transf.

Divinely inspired, prophetic:

aliquid praesagiens atque divinum,

Cic. Div. 1, 38:

animus appropinquante morte multo est divinior, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 30, 63; cf. id. ib. 1, 28 fin.:

cum ille potius divinus fuerit,

Nep. Att. 9, 1:

divinarum sagacem flammarum,

Sil. 3, 344:

divini quicquam,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 40; cf. id. Bacch. 3, 4, 5;

also joined to humani,

id. As. 5, 2, 4; id. Poen. 2, 20.— Poet. of poets:

vates,

Hor. A. P. 400; cf.:

divini pectoris carmina,

Lucr. 1, 731.—With gen.:

divina futuri Sententia,

Hor. A. P. 218:

avis imbrium imminentium,

id. C. 3, 27, 10.— Subst.: dīvīnus, i, m., a soothsayer, prophet = vates, Cic. Div. 1, 58; 2, 3; id. Fat. 8; Liv. 1, 36; Hor. S. 1, 6, 114; Vulg. Deut. 18, 11 al.—In the fem.: dīvīna, ae, a prophetess, Petr. 7, 2.—

Like caelestis (but far more freq. in prose), godlike, superhuman, admirable, excellent:

ex maxime raro genere hominum et paene divino,

Cic. Lael. 18:

ingenio esse divino,

id. Rep. 2, 2:

magni cujusdam civis et divini viri,

id. ib. 1, 29; cf.:

caelestes divinaeque legiones,

id. Phil. 5, 11:

senatus in supplicatione deneganda,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 8:

homo in dicendo,

id. de Or. 1, 10, 40: homo, Crispus ap. Quint. 8, 5, 17:

orator,

Quint. 4, 3, 13 et saep.:

incredibilis quaedam et divina virtus,

Cic. Rep. 3, 3:

fides,

id. Mil. 33 fin.:

admurmuratio senatus,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 16:

memoria,

id. Ac. 2, 1, 2:

eloquentia M. Tullii,

Quint. 2, 16, 7:

facultas eloquendi,

id. 10, 1, 81:

ille nitor loquendi,

id. ib. 83:

illa ironia,

id. ib. 4, 1, 70:

haec in te, Sulpici, divina sunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 29 et saep.—In the comp.:

ratione nihil est in homine divinius,

Cic. Fin. 5, 13 fin.; id. Par. 1, 3, 14. Under the empire an epithet often bestowed on the emperors:

domus,

Phaedr. 5, 8, 38:

princeps,

Nazar. Pan. Const. Aug. 35, 3; cf. Inscr. Orell. 277; 339:

indulgentia,

Dig. 1, 4, 3 et saep.— Adv.: dīvīne.

(Acc. to I.) In a godlike manner, through godlike power:

nunc tu divine fac huc assis Sosia,

Plaut. Am. 3, 3, 21.—

(Acc. to II.)

By divine inspiration, prophetically:

plura divine praesensa et praedicta reperiri,

Cic. Div. 1, 55; id. Att. 10, 4; and in the comp., id. Rep. 2, 5 Mos. —

In a godlike, superhuman, admirable manner, divinely:

divine Plato escam malorum appellat voluptatem,

Cic. de Sen. 13, 44; Quint. 1, 6, 18; 11, 1, 62.— Sup. does not occur.

ē-scendo ( exs-), di, sum, 3, v. n. and a. [scando].

Neutr., to climb up, mount up, ascend from a place (cf. ascendo init.; also: scando, peto, incedo, ingredior; rare but class.).

In gen.

Lit.:

ex alto puteo ad summum,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 14:

in currum,

id. Merc. 5, 2, 90:

in caelum,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 100; Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71:

in rotam,

id. ib. 5, 9, 24 Klotz N. cr.:

in rostra,

id. Off. 3, 20, 80; cf.:

in contionem,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 5; Liv. 8, 33:

in malum (navis),

id. 30, 25 fin.:

in equum,

id. 23, 14, 2; 30, 18, 5:

in navem,

Nep. Them. 8, 6 Nipperd. (for the more usual conscendo).—

Trop.:

ut ad nos contemptus Samnitium pervenit, supra non escendit,

Liv. 7, 30.—

In partic., = anabainein, to go up from the sea-coast:

Pergamum,

Liv. 35, 13, 6:

legati Delphos cum escendissent, etc.,

id. 29, 11, 5.—

Act., to mount, ascend a thing:

pars equos escendere,

Sall. J. 97, 5:

vehiculum,

Sen. Vit. Beat. 23:

suggestum,

Tac. A. 13, 5; cf.

rostra,

id. ib. 15, 59.

făcĭnus, ŏris, n. [facio], a deed, act, action (class., most freq. in the special signif.).

In gen. (syn.:

factum, res gestae): Atridae duo fratres cluent fecisse facinus maximum, Cum Priami patriam Pergamum... subegerunt,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 1; 4, 4, 2; id. Trin. 1, 1, 2: tuum nefarium facinus pejore facinore operire, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 24, 12:

nefario facinore admisso,

Caes. B. G. 7, 38, 8:

magnum et memorabile,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 73:

praeclarissimum,

Auct. Her. 4, 55, 68:

hic pulcherrimum facinus adivi,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 30:

pulcherrimum,

Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19: rectissimum, Anton. ap. Cic. Phil. 13, 17 fin.: quantum, Poët. ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 9, 2:

rarum,

Tac. A. 3, 21:

suasit amor facinus,

Ov. M. 8, 90 al. —In plur.:

inaudita et singularia facinora sceleris, audaciae, perfidiae, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 189:

mirabilia facinora,

id. Phil. 2, 42, 109:

ingenii egregia facinora,

Sall. J. 2, 2. —

Transf. in Plautus for thing:

nimis mirum est facinus, quomodo haec hinc potuerit transire!

Plaut. Mil. 2, 4, 24:

quod facinus video? etc.,

id. Rud. 1, 2, 73.—

In partic., a bad deed, misdeed, outrage, villainy, crime (syn.:

culpa, peccatum, delictum, flagitium, scelus, crimen, etc.): facinus est vincire civem Romanum, scelus verberare, prope parricidium necare: quid dicam in crucem tollere?

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 66, § 170; cf.:

scelus et facinus,

id. Mil. 16, 43:

ad vim, facinus caedemque delecti,

id. Agr. 2, 28, 77:

nec in facinore, nec in libidine,

id. Mil. 27, 73:

nihil facinoris, nihil flagitii praetermittere,

Liv. 39, 13, 10:

ne facinus facere,

Cic. Fin. 2, 29, 95:

jacere humi ad facinus obeundum,

id. Cat. 1, 10, 26:

committere,

id. Fam. 3, 10, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 60, 4:

in se admittere,

id. B. G. 3, 9, 3; cf. id. ib. 6, 13, 5:

patrare,

Sall. C. 18, 8: ad omne facinus impellere aliquem, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 424, 31 (Rep. 6, 1 ed. Mos.):

crimen facinusque libidinis,

Juv. 6, 294:

transi gymnasia atque audi facinus majoris abollae,

i. e. of a teacher, id. 3, 115 al. —Esp. in exclamations:

O facinus indignum,

Plaut. Men. 5, 7, 15; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 19:

O indignum facinus,

id. Eun. 1, 1, 25; cf. Quint. 5, 12, 12; Cic. Att. 2, 13 init. —In plur.:

furiae vindices facinorum et sceleris,

Cic. N. D. 3, 18, 66:

homo flagitiis atque facinoribus coopertus,

Sall. C. 23, 1:

talia facinora impune suscepisse,

id. J. 31, 9.—

Transf., concr. ( poet.), an instrument of villainy, said of the poisoned cup:

facinusque excussit ab ore,

Ov. M. 7, 423.

mūnĭo (old form moenio, v. below), īvi or ĭi, ītum, 4 ( fut. munibis for munies, Veg. Vet. 1, 10, 5), v. a. [moenia, lit. to wall; hence], to build a wall around, to defend with a wall, to fortify, defend, protect, secure, put in a state of defence (class.).

Lit.:

arcem ad urbem obsidendam,

Nep. Tim. 3, 3:

palatium,

Liv. 1, 7:

locum,

Caes. B. G. 1, 24, 3.—With abl.:

Alpibus Italiam munierat ante natura,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 14, 34:

domum praesidiis,

id. Cat. 1, 4, 10:

castra vallo fossāque,

with palisades and a trench, Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

locum muro,

id. ib. 29.—With a homogeneous object, prov.:

magna moenis moenia,

you are undertaking a great thing, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 73:

duovir urbis moeniendae,

Inscr. Orell. 7142.— Absol.: quod idoneum ad muniendum putarent, for fortifying, i. e. for use in the fortifications, Nep. Them. 6, 21; Hirt. B. G. 8, 31. —Also, to surround, guard, for the protection of other things: ignem ita munire ut non evagaretur, Mos. et Rom. Leg. Coll. 12, 7, 7.—

Transf.

In gen., to defend, guard, secure, protect, shelter:

Pergamum divinā moenitum manu,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 2:

hortum ab incursu hominum,

Col. 11, 3, 2:

spica contra avium morsūs munitur vallo aristarum,

Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

hieme quaternis tunicis et tibialibus muniebatur,

he defended, protected, covered himself, Suet. Aug. 82. —

To make a road, etc., i. e. to make passable by opening, repairing, or paving it:

quasi Appius Caecus viam munierit,

Cic. Mil. 7, 17:

rupem,

Liv. 21, 37:

itinera,

Nep. Hann. 3, 4:

TEMPE MVNIVIT,

Inscr. Orell. 587. —

Trop.

To guard, secure, strengthen, support (cf.:

fulcio, sustineo): meretriculis Muniendis rem cogere,

to maintain, support, Plaut. Truc. 2, 2, 54 (dub.; Speng. moenerandis; v. munero).— Am strengthening myself:

munio me ad haec tempora,

Cic. Fam. 9, 18, 2:

imperium,

to secure, Nep. Reg. 2, 2:

muniri adversus fraudes,

to secure one's self, Plin. 37, 13, 76, § 198 (dub. moneri, Jahn):

se contra ruborem,

Tac. Agr. 45:

se multorum benevolentiā,

Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 84:

se contra perfidiam,

id. Fam. 4, 14, 3:

aliquid auctoritate,

Vell. 2, 127, 2:

domum terrore,

Plin. Pan. 48, 3.—

Munire viam, to make or open a way:

haec omnia tibi accusandi viam muniebant,

prepared the way for your accusation, Cic. Mur. 23, 48:

sibi viam ad stuprum,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 25, § 64.—Hence, mūnītus, a, um, P. a., defended, fortified, protected, secured, safe (class.):

nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem et audaciam posset esse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39.— Neutr. plur. munita as subst.: munita viāi, fortification or breastwork of the mouth (cf. Homer. herkos odontôn), the lips, Lucr. 3, 498.— Comp.:

se munitiorem ad custodiendam vitam suam fore,

Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 3.— Sup.:

munitissima castra,

Caes. B. G. 4, 55.— Adv.: mūnītē, securely, safely (ante-class.):

munitius,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 141. Müll.

munĭo, ōnis, a false reading for nomionem, v. Orell. and Klotz, ad h. l.; Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 251.

Nīcēphŏrĭum and Nīcēphŏrĭon, i, n., = Nikêphorion.

A grove near Pergamum, Liv. 32, 33 and 34.—

A city in Mesopotamia, Tac. A. 6, 41; Plin. 5, 24, 21, § 86 al.

Nīcēphŏrĭum and Nīcēphŏrĭon, i, n., = Nikêphorion.

A grove near Pergamum, Liv. 32, 33 and 34.—

A city in Mesopotamia, Tac. A. 6, 41; Plin. 5, 24, 21, § 86 al.

prae-flŭo, ĕre, v. n. and a., to flow by or past (rare; perh. not ante-Aug.).

Neutr.:

infimā valle praefluit Tiberis,

Liv. 1, 45, 6:

a latere urbis quod in orientem patet,

id. 43, 31, 3:

vado incerto,

Tac. A. 12, 33:

ita ut (aquae tubo ductae) recte praefluere possint,

Inscr. Orell. 199.—

Act.:

Aufidus, Qui regna Dauni praefluit Appuli,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 26:

Tibur,

id. ib. 4, 3, 10:

Aquileiam,

Plin. 3, 18, 22, § 126; 3, 11, 16, § 102; 4, 3, 4, § 8:

Pergamum,

id. 5, 30, 33, § 126:

castra,

Tac. A. 15, 15:

Noricam provinciam,

id. ib. 2, 63.

prŏcer, ĕris, in sing. only Juv. 8, 26, and Capitol. Max. 2; prŏcĕres, um (anteclass. collat. form prŏcus, i, in the gen. plur.:

procum patricium in descriptione classium quam facit, Serv. Tullius, significat procerum,

Fest. p. 249 Müll.; cf.:

jam (ut censoriae tabulae loquuntur) fabrum et procum audeo dicere, non fabrorum et procorum,

Cic. Or. 46, 156), m. [pro and root kar- of creo; cf. procērus].

Lit., a chief, noble; plur., the leading men, chiefs, nobles, princes (class.; syn.: primores, optimates, primi): scindunt proceres Pergamum, the Grecian chiefs, princes, * Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 130:

audiebam nostros proceres clamitantes,

Cic. Fam. 13, 15, 1:

Latinorum,

Liv. 1, 45, 2:

Etruscorum,

id. 2, 10:

ego proceribus civitatis annumeror,

Tac. A. 14, 53:

Caecina Largus e proceribus,

Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 5:

delectos populi ad proceres,

Verg. A. 3, 58:

castrorum,

Luc. 7, 69:

in procerum coetu,

id. 8, 261; Juv. 2, 121; 3, 213:

proceres rerum,

Sil. 11, 142.— Transf., of bees:

procerum seditio,

Col. 9, 9, 6.—In sing.:

agnosco procerem,

Juv. 8, 26:

in pueritiā fuit pastor nonnumquam et procer,

a leader, captain, Capitol. Max. 2.—

Trop., the foremost or most celebrated men, the masters in an art, science, etc. (post-Aug.):

proceres artis ejus (medicinae),

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 26:

sapientiae,

id. 7, 30, 31, § 112:

gulae,

id. 9, 17, 30, § 66:

indicatis in genere utroque (pingendi) proceribus,

id. 35, 11, 40, § 138.

scindo, scĭdi, scissum, 3 (old perf. redupl. scicidi, Enn., Naev., Att, and Afran. ap. Prisc. p. 890 P.; or Enn. p. 133 Vanl.; Com. Rel. pp. 19 and 164 Rib.; cf. also, sciciderat. [p. 1643] Gell 6, 9, 16), v. a. [akin to Gr. schizô, to split; cf. Germ. scheiden, and Lat. scio], to cut, tear, rend, or break asunder; to split, cleave, divide, or separate by force, etc. (freq. and class.; but in tempp.perf. ante-class.and postAug.; syn.: findo, rumpo).

Lit.: quom saxum scisciderit, Enn. ap. Prisc. l. l.: non ergo aquila scisciderat pectus, Att. ib. and ap. Gell. l. l.: satis fortiter vestras sciscidistis colus, Afran. ap. Prisc. l. l.: scindens dolore identidem intonsam comam, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 26, 62:

crines,

Verg. A. 12, 870; Ov. M. 11, 683:

capillos,

id. H. 3, 79; Tib. 1, 10, 55; cf.

, in a Greek construction: scissaeque capillos matres,

Ov. M. 8, 526:

vela,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 18:

epistulam,

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 9:

vestem,

to tear open, Liv. 3, 58; Quint. 2, 15, 7; Prop. 2, 15 (3, 7), 18; Ov. M. 9, 166; Hor. C. 1, 17, 27; cf.:

vestem tibi de corpore,

Prop. 2, 5, 21:

pecora scindunt herbarum radices,

Col. 2, 18, 2:

asini me mordicibus scindant,

tear, lacerate, Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 57:

sinus,

Ov. M. 10, 386:

latus flagello,

id. Ib. 185:

lacerum corpus ictibus innumeris,

Sil. 1, 172:

vitiato fistula plumbo Scinditur,

bursts open, Ov. M. 4, 123; cf.:

et faceret scissas languida ruga genas,

wrinkled, Prop. 3, 10, 6:

vallum,

to break through, tear up, Caes. B. G. 3, 5; 5, 51; Liv. 7, 37; Tac. H. 4, 28:

limen portae,

to break in pieces, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 31:

pontem,

to break down, id. ib. 5, 26:

cuneis lignum,

to split, cleave, Verg. G. 1, 144:

quercum cuneis,

id. A. 7, 510:

cuneis fissile robur,

id. ib. 6, 182; cf.:

ferro aequor (i. e. humum),

id. G. 1, 50; cf.

solum,

id. ib. 2, 399:

vomere terram,

Ov. A. A. 2, 671:

freta ictu (remorum),

id. M. 11, 463:

puppis aquas,

id. Tr. 1, 10, 48:

fluvios natatu,

Claud. Cons. Hon. 4, 347:

tellurem mare scindit,

Luc. 3, 61:

agmen,

Tac. A. 1, 65 et saep.:

labra,

to open wide, Quint. 11, 3, 81:

obsonium,

to cut up, carve, Sen. Vit. Beat. 17; cf.

nihil (edulium),

Mart. 3, 12, 2:

aves in frusta,

Sen. Brev. Vit. 12.—

Prov.: penulam alicui, to tear off one's travelling cloak, i.e. to urge, press, solicit one to stay, Cic. Att. 13, 33, 4.—

Transf., to part, separate, divide; of places:

dirimit scinditque Sueviam continuum montium jugum,

Tac. G. 43:

frons Italia in duo se cornua scindit,

Mel. 2, 4, 7.—

Mid.: omnis Italia scinditur in duo promuntoria,

Sall. H. 4, 18 Dietsch.—In gen.:

se (lutamenta),

Cato, R. R. 128:

se (nubes),

Verg. A. 1, 587.—Mid.:

omnis fumus, vapor, etc.... scinduntur per iter flexum,

Lucr. 4, 91:

scinditur in geminas partes circumfluus amnis,

Ov. M. 15, 739; Luc. 1, 551.— Absol.:

sentes quod tetigere, ilico rapiunt: si eas ereptum, ilico scindunt,

Plaut. Cas. 3, 6, 2.—

To destroy:

scindunt proceres Pergamum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 130.—

Trop., to tear in pieces, to distract, agitate, disturb, etc.:

aliquem quāvis scindunt cuppedine curae,

Lucr. 3, 994:

quantae tum scindunt hominem cuppedinis acres Sollicitum curae,

id. 5, 46: nolo commemorare, quibus rebus sim spoliatus, ne scindam ipse dolorem meum, tear open, i. e. renew my grief, Cic. Att. 3, 15, 2:

non sine piaculo sanctissimas necessitudines scindi,

to be sundered, separated, Plin. Pan. 37 fin.:

ut (actio) noctis interventu scinderetur,

was interrupted, id. Ep. 2, 11, 16:

verba fletu,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 157:

vox scinditur,

is broken, cracked, Quint. 11, 3, 20:

sic genus amborum scindit se sanguine ab uno,

divides, branches off, Verg. A. 8, 142; cf.: scidit deinde se studium atque inertiā factum est, ut artes esse plures viderentur, was separated, divided, Quint. prooem. § 13; cf.:

naturalis pars philosophiae in duo scinditur corporalia et incorporalia,

Sen. Ep. 89, 16:

scinditur incertum studia in contraria vulgus,

Verg. A. 2, 39; cf. Tac. H. 1, 13:

scindebatur in multiplices curas,

Amm. 16, 3, 3.—Hence, scissus, a, um, P. a., split, cleft, divided.

Lit.:

folia pluribus divisuris,

Plin. 25, 5, 21, § 48:

vitis folio,

id. 14, 2, 4, § 23:

scissae (aures) cervis ac velut divisae,

id. 11, 37, 50, § 136:

alumen,

Col. 6, 13, 1 (for which:

scissile alumen,

Cels. 5, 2; 6, 11):

vestibus,

Vulg. Job, 2, 12.—

Trop.:

genus vocum,

harsh, grating, Cic. de Or. 3, 57, 216.—No comp., sup., or adv.

εὔθηρ-ος, ον, ([etym.] θήρα)

A lucky or successful in hunting, E.Ba. 1253;

εὔθηρος ὀρνέων ἵρηξ Babr.72.21

(cj.); of Pan, AP6.185 (Zos.); εὔθηροι, οἱ, club of sportsmen at Pergamum, Ath.Mitt.33.409; εὐ. ἄγρη successful sport, AP6.27 (Theaet.), cf. 253 (Crin.); τὸ εὔ. good sport, Ph.2.114; εὔ. κάλαμοι successful fishing-rods, AP6.89 (Maec.); successful as bait, Ael.NA12.42.

II ([etym.] θήρ) abounding in game, good for hunting,

ὄρος Str.14.1.12

;

ῥίον AP6.268

(Mnasalc.);

εὔ. καὶ εὐίχθυς Aristid.Or.44

(17).16.

εὔκοσμ-ος, ον,

A behaving well, orderly, decorous, Sol.4.33, Th.6.42 ([comp] Comp.);

οὐκ εὔκοσμον αἴρονται φυγήν A. Pers. 481

; τὸ εὔ., = εὐκοσμία, Th.1.84; ὁ εὔ., official title at Pergamum, IGRom.4.353b3 (ii A.D.); at Athens, SIG1109.94, 136 (ii A.D.).

2 well-adorned,

τοῖχοι γραφῇσιν εὔκοσμοι Aret.CA1.1

.

II Adv. - μως in good order, Od.21.123, Hes. Op. 628: [comp] Sup. - ότατα X.Cyr.2.4.1.

2 ornamentally, gracefully,

ξεῖν A.R.1.1120

;

διαλέγεσθαι Plu.Dem.11

.

Πᾱνιασταί, οἱ,

A worshippers of Pan, a guild at Rhodes, IG12(1).155.75; at Pergamum, IGRom.4.1680.

Πέργᾰμος, ἡ, Pergamus, the citadel of Troy, Il.5.446, etc.; τὸ Πριάμου Πέργαμον Hdt.7.43: pl.,

A

τὰ Πέργαμα S.Ph. 347

, 1334, E.Tr. 556(lyr.), etc.;

Πέργαμα Τροίας Stesich.32

; τἀπὶ Τροίᾳ Π. S.Ph. 353, 611:—also [full] Περγᾰμία, ἡ, Pi.I.6(5).31.

2 generally, citadel, acropolis, A.Pr. 956, E.Ph. 1098, 1176.

II Pergamum in Mysia, X. HG3.1.6, etc.:—also [full] Πέργᾰμον, τό, Plb.4.48.11: Adj. [full] Περγᾰμηνός, ή, όν : Π., ἡ, district of P., Str.12.8.2; also, parchment, introduced there, Suid. (pl.): so in neut. pl.,

Ῥωμαῖοι τὰ μέμβρανα Περγαμηνὰ καλοῦσιν Lyd.Mens.1.28

.

ἀστυ-νόμος, ὁ, ([etym.] νέμω)

A protecting the city,

θεοί A.Ag.88

; ἀγλαΐαι ἀ. public festivals, Pi.N.9.31; ὀργαὶ ἀ. the feelings of law-abiding or social life, S.Ant. 355 (lyr.).

II as Subst., a magistrate who had the care of the police, streets, and public buildings at Athens, Is.1.15, D.24.112, Arist.Ath. 50.1, SIG313.17, Com.Adesp. 25aD.: in other cities, as Tenos, IG 12(5).883.14; Iasos, SIG169.10; Rhodes, IG12(1).1; Pergamum, OGI483.7, etc., cf. Pl.Lg. 759a, al.

2 = Lat. praetor urbanus, D.C. 53.2.

ἐφηβοφύλαξ [pron. full] [ῠ], ᾰκος, ὁ, title of official at Pergamum, IGRom.4.396.

Meaning: `the castle, espec. that of Troy', also PlN (esp. Pergamum in Mysia).

Derivatives: Περγαμηνός.

See also: s. πύργος.

Page in Frisk: 2,511

SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building

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Ruins of the ancient Greek city of Perga lie near to the Turkish town of Murtana, just inland from Antalya on the southern coast of Asia Minor. Apollonius, while quite young, went to Alexandria to study under the successors to Euclid. He also worked in Ephesus and Pergamum. He later carried out original studies into the geometrical proportions of conic sections, producing his famous work Conies and naming the ellipse, the parabola and the hyperbola. Conics, which appeared soon after 200 BC, consisted of eight treatises and earned him the name "the great geometer", given to him by his contemporaries. Seven of the eight treatises have survived, four in the original Greek and three in Arabic translation; a Latin translation was edited by Halley in 1710. Apollonius also published works on the cylindrical helix and theories of the epicycles and eccentrics, with reference to the motion of the planets.

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