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1 perbito
per-bīto, ĕre, v. n.I.To go over to a place (ante - class.), Pac. ap. Non. 153, 24:II.utinam te... malo cruciatu in Siciliam perbiteres,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 12.—To perish: ne fame perbitat, Liv. Andron. ap. Non. 153, 28 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.); so, fame, Caecil. ap. Non. 391, 22 (Com. Rel. p. 61 Rib.); Enn. and Titin. ap. Non. 153, 26 and 30 (cf. Enn. Trag. v. 240 Vahl.;Com. Rel. p. 117 Rib.): qui per virtutem perbitat, non interit,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 32 dub. (Fleck. perit, at):cruciatu maximo,
id. Ps. 3, 1, 12; cf.: perbitere Plautus pro perire posuit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 215 Müll. -
2 perbito
per-bīto, —, —, ere1) уходить, убираться ( in Siciliam Pl)2) погибать, пропадать (fame LA; cruciatu Pl) -
3 perbito
per-bīto, ere, zugrunde gehen, umkommen, Pacuv. tr. 287: fame, Liv. Andr. tr. 27: cruciatu, Enn. fr. scen. 212: cruciatu maxumo, Plaut. Pseud. 778: malo cruciatu, Plaut. rud. 495.
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4 perbito
per-bīto, ere, zugrunde gehen, umkommen, Pacuv. tr. 287: fame, Liv. Andr. tr. 27: cruciatu, Enn. fr. scen. 212: cruciatu maxumo, Plaut. Pseud. 778: malo cruciatu, Plaut. rud. 495. -
5 allibito
[alli'bito]aggettivo astounded, dazedrestare allibito per o di fronte a qcs. — to be flabbergasted at sth
* * *allibito/alli'bito/astounded, dazed; restare allibito per o di fronte a qcs. to be flabbergasted at sth. -
6 ἐγείρω
Aἐγέρρην Alc.Supp.16.12
, cf. Et.Gud.157.48: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ἔγειρον Il.15.594
: [tense] fut.ἐγερῶ Pl.Epigr.28
(cf. ἐξ-, ἐπ-): [tense] aor. ἤγειρα, [dialect] Ep. ἔγ- Od.15.44: [tense] pf.ἐγήγερκα Philostr.Ep.16
: [tense] plpf. - κειν J.AJ 17.7.4, D.C.42.48:—[voice] Pass., Pl.R. 330e, etc.: [tense] fut.ἐγερθήσομαι Babr.49.3
(also [tense] fut. [voice] Med. ἐγεροῦμαι dub. in Polyaen.1.30.5): [tense] aor.ἠγέρθην Hdt.4.9
, etc.; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl. ἔγερθεν v.l. for ἄγ. in Il.23.287: [tense] pf. ἐγήγερμαι v.l. in Th.7.51: [tense] plpf.ἐγήγερτο Luc.Alex.19
: also, in pass. sense, poet. [tense] aor. ἠγρόμην (ἐξ-) Ar.Ra.51; [ per.] 3sg. ἔγρετο, imper. ἔγρεο, Il.2.41, Od.23.5; [ per.] 2sg. subj. ; opt.ἔγροιτο Od.6.113
; inf. ἐγρέσθαι (freq. written ἔγρεσθαι, as if from a [tense] pres. ἔγρομαι, cf. ἔγρω) ib.13.124; part.ἐγρόμενος 10.50
(and late Prose, Iamb.Myst. 1.15): intr. [tense] pf. ἐγρήγορα (as [tense] pres.) Ar.Lys. 306, Pl.Prt. 310b, etc.: [tense] plpf. ἠγρηγόρη (as [tense] impf.) Ar.Ec.32; [ per.] 3pl.ἐγρηγόρεσαν Id.Pl. 744
; [ per.] 3sg.ἐγρηγόρει X.Cyr.1.4.20
: [dialect] Ep. [tense] pf. [ per.] 3pl.ἐγρηγόρθασι Il.10.419
; imper. ἐγρήγορθε (v.infr.11); inf. ἐγρήγορθαι ib.67.I [voice] Act., awaken, rouse,ἐ. τινὰ ἐξ ὕπνου 5.413
, etc.;τοὺς δ'.. ὑπνώοντας ἐγείρει 24.344
;ἐ. τινὰ εὐνῆς E.HF 1050
(lyr.); simply,ἐ. τινά A.Eu. 140
, etc.: metaph.,τὰς τέχνας Theoc.21.1
.2 rouse, stir up, Il.5.208;ἐπεί μιν ἔγειρε Διὸς νόος 15.242
; ἐγείρειν Ἄρηα stir the fight, 2.440, etc.; ἐ. μάχην, φύλοπιν, etc., 13.778, 5.496, etc.; Τρωσὶν θυμὸν ἐ. (v.l. ἀγεῖραι) ib. 510;ἐ. τινὰ ἐπὶ ἔργον Hes.Op.20
;ἔγειρε νῆα h.Ap. 408
; ἐκδοχὴν πομποῦ πυρὸς ἐ. wake up the bale-fire, A.Ag. 299; λαμπάδας ἐ. Ar.Ra. 340: freq. metaph., ἐ. ἀοιδάν, λύραν, μέλος, θρῆνον, Pi.P.9.104, N.10.21, Cratin.222, S.OC 1778 (anap.); ; τὸ οὖς ἐ. ' prick up' the ears, Plot.5.1.12.3 raise from the dead,νεκρούς Ev.Matt. 10.8
, cf. 1 Ep.Cor.15.42 ([voice] Pass.); or from a sick-bed, Ep.Jac.5.15.4 raise, erect a building, Hyp.Fr. 103, Call.Ap.64, OGI677.3 (ii A. D.);ναόν Ev.Jo.2.19
, cf. Luc.Alex.10:—[voice] Pass.,στῦλος ἐγηγερμένος Bito 66.5
, cf. Plu.Alex.19, Jul.Caes. 320c.II [voice] Pass., with [tense] pf. [voice] Act. ἐγρήγορα, wake,ἐγειρομένων ἀνθρώπων Od.20.100
, cf. Hdt.4.9, etc.;ἔγρετο δ' ἐξ ὕπνου Il.2.41
: metaph.,ἐγειρόμενος εἰς ἐμαυτὸν ἐκ τοῦ σώματος Plot.4.8.1
: in [tense] pf., to be awake,ἐγρηγόρθασι Il.10.419
; ἐγρήγορθε stay awake ! 7.371, 18.299 (whereas ἔγρεο is wake up! Od.15.46); ἐγρήγορας ἢ καθεύδεις; Pl.Prt. 310b;πόλις ζῶσα καὶ ἐγρηγορυῖα Id.Lg. 809d
;καὶ ἐφρόνει καὶ ἐγρηγόρει X.Cyr.1.4.20
, etc.; of things, ἐγειρομένου χειμῶνος arising, Hdt.7.49: so metaph., τὰ ἐκ τοῦ βαρβάρου ἐγειρόμενα ib. 148;ἐγρηγορὸς φρούρημα A.Eu. 706
;ἐ. τὸ πῆμα Id.Ag. 346
, etc.2 rouse or stir oneself, be excited by passion, etc., Hes. Sc. 176, D.19.305: c. inf., ἐγηγερμένοι ἦσαν μὴ ἀνιέναι τὰ τῶν Ἀθηναίων they were encouraged to prevent the departure of the Athenians, v.l. in Th.7.51.III intr. in [voice] Act., arouse oneself, Aesop.16b. -
7 sign·o
1. знак, значок, обозначение; признак; знамение; примета; demanda \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o вопросительный знак (= demand(o)signo, ĉusigno); ekkria \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o восклицательный знак (= krisigno); orientiĝa \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o ориентационный знак; interpunkciaj \sign{}{·}o{}oj знаки препинания; muzikaj \sign{}{·}o{}oj музыкальные знаки; matematikaj \sign{}{·}o{}oj математические знаки; konvenciaj \sign{}{·}o{}oj условные знаки; la zodiakaj \sign{}{·}o{}oj зодиакальные знаки; distinga \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o отличительный знак; (особая) примета; bona \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o хороший знак, хорошая примета, хорошее знамение; la \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o de kruco знак креста; крестное знамение; (= krucosigno) \sign{}{·}o{}oj de rango см. rangsignoj \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o de poŝto уст., см. poŝtmarko; febro estas \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o de infektiĝo жар — признак заражения; sub la \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o de io под знаком чего-л.; fari ion por (или en) \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o de paco, de amo, de amikeco, de memoro сделать что-л. в знак мира, любви, дружбы, памяти; ordoni per \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o de la mano приказать знаком руки; doni (или fari) al iu \sign{}{·}o{}ojn per la manoj, per la okuloj, per la kapo (по)давать (или делать) кому-л. знаки руками, глазами, головой; doni (или montri) neniajn \sign{}{·}o{}ojn de vivo не подавать (или не выказывать) никаких признаков жизни; per tiu ĉi \sign{}{·}o{}{·}o vi venkos! сим знамением победиши!; fari la \sign{}{·}o{}on de kruco см. krucosigni; ср. insigno, signifo; 2. инф. литера, символ, знак \sign{}{·}o{}{·}i vt обозначить, обозначать; отметить, пометить знаком; (по)дать, сделать знак; (по)давать, делать знаки \sign{}{·}o{}ad{·}o обозначение (действие); отметка, пометка знаками; подача знаков \sign{}{·}o{}ar{·}o 1. система знаков, код; 2. инф. кодировка \sign{}{·}o{}ej{·}o сомнит.; инф. знакоместо \sign{}{·}o{}et{·}o см. kromsigno \sign{}{·}o{}il{·}o форма, согласно определению в (N)PIV переводящаяся как «знак» (о служащем знаком объекте, предмете); однако в некоторых текстах данная форма употребляется в значении «устройство для нанесения знаков» \sign{}{·}o{}um{·}o мат. знак числа (плюс или минус) \sign{}{·}o{}um{·}a: \sign{}{·}o{}uma bito инф. знаковый разряд. -
8 ῥήγνυμι
Aἀναρ- Hp.Flat.10
: [tense] impf.κατ-ερρήγνυε D.21.63
, etc.); later [full] ῥήσσω, Gal.10.640, Orib.Fr.93, Gloss.;ῥήσσεσθαι PHolm.6.3
, cf. 4.22; ἀπο-, δια-ρρήσσεσθαι, Hp.Int.17,42; [full] ῥήττω, Str.11.14.8, Dsc.4.150 (v.l. ῥήσσει), ([etym.] περι-) Id.2.98, 3.18 (v.l. περιρρήσσει); ῥήττεσθαι Bito 45.8
, Str.7.3.18: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.ῥήγνυσκε Il.7.141
: [tense] fut.ῥήξω 12.262
, Hdt.2.2, ([etym.] ἐκ-) S.Aj. 775: [tense] aor.ἔρρηξα Il.3.348
, Pi.N.8.29, Ar.Nu. 960;ῥῆξα Il.6.6
: [tense] pf. ἔρρηχα ([etym.] δι-) LXX 2 Ki.14.30, 15.32:—[voice] Med. ῥήγνῠμαι, [tense] fut. ῥήξομαι, [tense] aor. ἐρρηξάμην, all in Il. (12.257, 224, 291), [tense] pres. also in Hp.VC4,12: [tense] aor. , ([etym.] κατ-) X.Cyr.3.1.13; [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3pl.ῥήξαντο Il.11.90
:—[voice] Pass., subj.ῥήγνῡται Hippon.19.4
: [dialect] Ep. [ per.] 3sg. [tense] impf.ῥηγνύατο Arat.817
: [tense] fut.ῥᾰγήσομαι Plu.2.668a
, ([etym.] διαρ-, ἐκ-) Ar.Eq. 340, A.Pr. 369, etc.: [tense] aor. ἐρράγην [ᾰ] S.Fr. 578, Ar.Nu. 583, etc.; later ἐρρήχθην, Tryph.11; δια-ρρηχθῇ (v.l. -ρραγῇ) Hp.Int.29: [tense] pf. ἔρρηγμαι ([etym.] συν-) Od.8.137; but intr. [tense] pf. ἔρρωγα is more freq., v. infr. c. 1; [tense] pf. part. fem. ἐρρηγεῖα, v. infr. c. 2; masc. pl.κατ-ερρηγότας Hsch.
The word is hardly used by correct [dialect] Att. Prose-writers, exc. in [voice] Pass.:—break asunder, rend, shatter,τεῖχος Il.12.198
;πύλας 13.124
;σάκος 21.165
;θώρηκας 2.544
;ἱμάντα 3.375
;νευρήν 8.328
;ὀστέον 20.399
;χρόα 23.673
; only once in Od., :—later, esp. rend garments, in sign of grief,ῥ. πέπλους A.Pers. 199
, 468; ῥ. ἕλκεα make grievous wounds, Pi.N.8.29; ῥ. ὀστᾶ, σάρκας, E.HF 994, Ba. 1130;ἀρότροις γῆς δάπεδον Ar.Pl. 515
: in [dialect] Ion. and later Prose,ῥήγνυσι.. τὸν ἀμφὶ τὴν ὄψιν χιτῶνα Hp.VM19
;ῥήττειν νευράν Str.15.1.57
;τὰ δεσμά Luc.DDeor.17.1
;τὰς πύλας Id.Par.46
;μὴ στραφέντες ῥήξωσιν ὑμᾶς Ev.Matt.7.6
:—[voice] Med., break for oneself, get broken,ὄρνυσθ'.. ῥήγνυσθε δὲ τεῖχος Il.12.440
, cf. 224, 257, 291:—[voice] Pass., v. infr. B.2 break a line of battle or body of men, ῥ. φάλαγγα, ὅμιλον, στίχας ἀνδρῶν, Il.6.6, 11.538, 15.615; τὸ μέσον ῥῆξαι break through the centre, Hdt. 6.113: abs., ἐρρηξάτην ἐς κύκλα.. ὅπλων broke through, S.Fr.210.9:— [voice] Med., ῥήξασθαι φάλαγγας, στίχας, break oneself a way through the lines, Il.11.90, 13.680, cf. E.Heracl. 835;ῥηξαμένῳ θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον Il.12.411
.4 after Hom., ῥῆξαι φωνήν let loose the voice, of children and persons who have been dumb or silent, break into speech, speak out, Hdt.1.85, 2.2, 5.93, cf. Ar.Nu. 357, 960;ῥῆξαι αὐδήν E.Supp. 710
; later ῥήξασθαι φωνήν, θρόον αὐδῆς, φθόγγον, utter, AP5.221 (Agath.), 7.597 (Jul.), 9.61: abs., ῥῆξον καὶ βόησον cry aloud, LXXIs.54.1; v. infr.c.5 also δακρύων ῥήξασα.. νάματα having let loose, having burst into floods of tears, S.Tr. 919; κλαυθμὸν ῥ. Plu.Per.36;ῥ. τὰ ὄρη εὐφροσύνην LXX Is.49.13
;ῥήγνυσι πηγὰς ὁ χῶρος Plu.Mar.19
;ῥ. νεφέλην ἔς τινας Philostr.Im.2.27
; v. infr. B.B [voice] Pass., break, break asunder, burst,κῦμα ῥήγνυτο Il.18.67
;κῦμα.. χέρσῳ ῥηγνύμενον 4.425
, Hes.Sc. 377; of clouds, Ar.Nu. 378; ῥαγῆναί τι τῆς γῆς, as in an earthquake, Pl.R. 359d;ῥαγεῖσα Θηβαίων κόνις S.Fr. 958
;ἱμάτια ῥαγέντα X.Cyr.1.6.16
; ; ῥήττονται ὑδρίαι (by the cold) Str.7.3.18; τοῖς βασκάνοις εἶναι ῥήγνυσθαι may the envious burst, Aristid.Or.50 (26).69;τοῖς εἴ τις εὐδοκιμήσειεν ἐπί τῳ ῥηγνυμένοις Lib.Or.29.13
, cf. Or.1.207.2 burst forth, like lightning, βροντὴ δ' ἐρράγη δι' , Ar.Nu. 583, cf. Plu.2.919b; soκαταμηνίων ῥαγέντων Hp.Aph.5.32
, cf. Nat.Mul.13, Arist.HA 582b10, etc.3 of ships, to be wrecked, D.56.21: metaph.,πολλῶν ῥαγεισῶν ἐλπίδων A.Ag. 505
.4 of a stone, γράμματι ῥηγνύμενον scored with lettering, i.e. inscribed, Puchstein Epigr.Gr.p.76 (Memphis, i B.C.).C intr., like [voice] Pass., break or burst forth,ἔρρηξεν ἔμετος Hp.Epid. 4.24
;τὸ πνεῦμα ῥήγνυσι Id.Nat.Puer.12
; : metaph.,ὁποῖα χρῄζει ῥηγνύτω S.OT 1076
(in answer to the words δέδοιχ' ὅπως μὴ.. ἀναρρήξει κακά): freq. in this signf. in [tense] pf. ἔρρωγα, to have broken out,ἔρρωγε παγὰ δακρύων Id.Tr. 852
(lyr.): metaph.,κακῶν πέλαγος ἔρρωγεν A.Pers. 433
;τάδ' ἐκ δυοῖν ἔρρωγεν.. κακά S.OT 1280
;σοὶ τάδ' ἔρρωγεν κακά E.Hipp. 1338
; broken, disjointed,Com.Adesp.
661.Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ῥήγνυμι
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9 ambulo
ambŭlo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. [regarded by Doed. as a sort of dim. of ambio, but better regarded as comp. of am- and the root of bainô, beto, -bito, baculum = bakpron, vado, venio; Sanscr. gā = go; Germ. gehen; Engl. go. Curtius].I.Lit.A.In gen., to go about, to walk:B.cum illā neque cubat neque ambulat,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 56:si non ubi sedeas locus est, est ubi ambules,
id. Capt. prol. 12:quem ad modum quis ambulet, sedeat,
Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 47:sedetur, ambulatur,
Varr. L. L. 6, 1, p. 72 Müll.:ambulatum est,
Cic. Leg. 2, 1, 1; Sen. Ep. 113, 15:cum sedeatur, ambuletur, discumbatur,
Gell. 2, 2:standi ambulandi vices,
Quint. 11, 3, 44:ambulans aut jacens,
Plin. Ep. 9, 36; Gell. 2, 9:cum ambulantis Tiberii genua advolveretur,
Tac. A. 1, 13: aves aliquae ambulant, ut cornices;aliae saliunt, ut passeres,
walk, Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 111:Aegyptii mures bipedes ambulant,
id. 10, 64, 85, § 186:claudi ambulant,
Vulg. Matt. 11, 5; ib. Joan. 1, 36; ib. Apoc. 2, 1; 9, 20.—Hence,Esp., to walk for recreation, to take a walk:C.abiit ambulatum,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 96:visus sum mihi cum Galbā ambulare,
Cic. Ac. 2, 16, 51:cum in sole ambulem, etiamsi aliam ob causam ambulem, etc.,
id. de Or. 2, 14, 60:pedibus ambulare,
Suet. Dom. 19.—To go, to travel, to journey (class.), Plaut. Capt. prol. 12:D.quo ambulas tu?
id. Am. 1, 1, 185; Ter. Hec. 5, 3, 17:biduo aut triduo septingenta milia passuum ambulare,
Cic. Quint. 25; id. Att. 9, 4 fin.:eo modo Caesar ambulat, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 8, 14 et saep.—Hence, in the comic poets, bene ambula, farewell, a good journey to you, a form oft. used at the departure of any one:bene ambula et redambula,
farewell and farewell back, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 120: Ty. Bene ambulato. Ph. Bene vale, id. ib. 2, 3, 92; and absol.:ambula,
go, Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 139: ambulare in jus, to go into court, go to law:ambula in jus,
Plaut. Curc. 5, 2, 23; Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 43.—To walk about with a certain gravity or importance: licet superbus ambules pecuniā. Hor. Epod. 4, 5; id. S. 1, 2, 25; 1, 4, 66.—E.Of inanimate things:F.amnis, quā naves ambulant,
Cato, R. R. 1, 3:Nilus immenso longitudinis spatio ambulans,
Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 51:velut intus ambulantem (lucem),
id. 37, 9, 47, § 131.— Trop. (only post-Aug.):quod deinde caput translatum per omnes leges ambulavit,
was afterwards added to all laws, Plin. 10, 50, 71, § 139; Dig. 4, 4, 15:ambulat cum domino bonorum possessio,
ib. 37, 11, 2.—Act., esp. with cognate objects, as iter, via, etc., to navigate, sail, pass over, etc.:G.cum Xerxes tantis classibus tantisque copiis maria ambulavisset terramque navigāsset,
Cic. Fin. 2, 34:perpetuas ambulat illa vias,
Ov. F. 1, 122 (cf.: ire iter, viam, etc., Burm. ad Prop. 2, 19, 50).— Pass.:si bina stadia ambulentur,
Plin. 23, 1, 16, § 26.—In milit. lang. t. t., to march:H.ut ter in mense tam equites quam pedites educantur ambulatum,
Veg. Mil. 1, 27.—In the jurists in opp. to ire:II.iter est jus eundi ambulandi hominis,
of one going and coming, Dig. 3, 8, 1.—Trop. very freq. in eccl. Lat. (like Heb. and N. T. Gr. peripateô), to walk, in the sense of to live, with an adjunct of manner or circumstances:ambulavit Henoch cum Deo,
Vulg. Gen. 5, 22:ut ambules in viis ejus (Dei),
ib. Deut. 10, 12:qui ambulant in lege Domini,
ib. Psa. 118, 1:in circuitu impii ambulant,
ib. ib. 11, 9: fraudulenter ambulare, ib. Prov. 11, 13.—So also very freq. in N. T., but only once in this sense in the Gospels:quare discipuli tui non ambulant juxta traditionem seniorum?
Vulg. Marc. 7, 5:qui non secundum carnem ambulant,
ib. Rom. 8, 1:in carne ambulantes,
ib. 2 Cor. 10, 3:honeste ambulare,
ib. Rom. 13, 13:ut ambuletis digne Deo,
ib. Col. 1, 10:quod non recte ambularent,
ib. Gal. 2, 14 et persaepe. -
10 arbiter
arbĭter, tri, m. [ar = ad (v. ad init.) and bito = eo], orig., one that goes to something in order to see or hear it; hence, a spectator, beholder, hearer, an eye-witness, a witness (class. through all periods; used several times by Plaut., but only twice by Ter.; syn.: testis, speculator, conscius).I.In gen.:II.aequi et justi hic eritis omnes arbitri,
Plaut. Am. prol. 16:mi quidem jam arbitri vicini sunt, meae quid fiat domi, Ita per impluvium introspectant,
id. Mil. 2, 2, 3:ne arbitri dicta nostra arbitrari (i. e. speculari, v. arbitror) queant,
id. Capt. 2, 1, 28; so id. ib. 2, 1, 34; id. Cas. 1, 1, 2; 1, 1, 55; id. Mil. 4, 4, 1; id. Merc. 5, 4, 46; id. Poen. 1, 1, 50; 3, 3, 50; id. Trin. 1, 2, 109:aut desine aut cedo quemvis arbitrum,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 43:quis est decisionis arbiter?
Cic. Fl. 36:ab arbitris remoto loco,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 31:remotis arbitris,
after the removal of, id. Off. 3, 31, 112:omnibus arbitris procul amotis,
Sall. C. 20, 1 Corte:arbitros eicit,
Liv. 1, 41:remotis arbitris,
id. 2, 4:sine arbitro,
id. 27, 28:absque arbitris,
Vulg. Gen. 39, 11:loca abdita et ab arbitris libera,
Cic. Att. 15, 16 B; Just. 21, 4:secretorum omnium arbiter, i. e. conscius,
Curt. 3, 12, 9:procul est, ait, arbiter omnis,
Ov. M. 2, 458 (cf. id. ib. 4, 63: conscius omnis abest).—Esp.A.In judic. lang., t. t., prop., he that is appointed to inquire into a cause (cf. adire hiberna, Tac. H. 1, 52, and intervenio) and settle it; hence, an umpire, arbiter, a judge, in an actio bonae fidei (i. e. who decides acc. to equity, while the judex decides acc. to laws), Sen. Ben. 3, 7 (cf. Zimmern, Rechtsgesch. 3 B, § 8; 3 B, § 42; 3 B, § 60 sq., and the jurists there cited).— So in the fragments of the Twelve Tables: JVDICI. ARBITROVE. REOVE. DIES. DIFFISVS. ESTO., ap. Paul. ex Fest. s. v. reus, p. 227 Müll.: Prae TOR. ARBITROS. TRES. DATO. ap. Fest. s. v. vindiciae, p. 376 Müll., and the ancient judicial formula:B.P. J. A. V. P. V. D., i. e. PRAETOREM JVDICEM ARBITRVMVE POSTVLO VTI DET,
Val. Prob. p. 1539 P.:ibo ad arbitrum,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 101; so id. ib. 4, 3, 104:Vicini nostri hic ambigunt de finibus: Me cepere arbitrum,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 90 (arbiter dabatur his, qui de finibus regendis ambigerent, Don.); so,arbiter Nolanis de finibus a senatu datus,
Cic. Off. 1, 10, 33.—Of the Hebrew judges:subjacebit damno, quantum arbitri judicaverint,
Vulg. Exod. 21, 22.—Hence, trop.:Taurus immensus ipse et innumerarum gentium arbiter,
that sets boundaries to numerous tribes, Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 97:arbitrum familiae herciscundae postulavit,
Cic. Caecin. 7: arbitrum illum adegit (i. e. ad arbitrum illum egit; cf.adigo),
id. Off. 3, 16, 66:quis in hanc rem fuit arbiter?
id. Rosc. Com. 4, 12.—In the time of Cicero, when, acc. to the Lex Aebutia, the decisions were given in definite formulae of the praetor, the formal distinction between judex and arbiter disappeared, Cic. Mur. 12 fin. —Transf. from the sphere of judicial proceedings, a judge, an arbitrator, umpire, in gen.: arbiter inter antiquam Academiam et Zenonem. Cic. Leg. 1, 20, 53:C.Judicet Dominus, arbiter hujus diei, inter etc.,
Vulg. Jud. 11, 27.—So of Paris:arbiter formae,
Ov. H. 16, 69: pugnae, the judge, umpire of the contest, ho brabeutês, Hor. C. 3, 20, 11:favor arbiter coronae,
which adjudged the prize of victory, Mart. 7, 72, 10.—He that rules over, governs, or manages something, a lord, ruler, master (mostly poet. or in post-Aug. prose; syn.: rex, dominus): arbiter imperii (Augustus), Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 47:armorum (Mars),
id. F. 3, 73:bibendi,
Hor. C. 2, 7, 25 (cf. id. ib. 1, 4, 18: nec regna vini sortiere talis, and in Gr. basileus tou sumposiou):quo (sc. Noto) non arbiter Hadriae Major,
who rules over the sea, id. ib. 1, 3, 15:arbiter Eurystheus irae Junonis iniquae,
i. e. the executor, fulfiller of her wrath, Ov. H. 9, 45 al. —In prose, Tac. A. 1, 26:regni,
id. ib. 13, 14, where Halm reads arbitrium:rerum,
id. ib. 2, 73:di potentium populorum arbitri,
id. ib. 15, 24:(JOVI) RERVM RECTORI FATORVMQVE ARBITRO,
Inscr. Orell. 1269 et saep.
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