pavent

păvĕo, pāvi ( part. pres. gen. plur. paventūm, Ov. M. 14, 412), 2, v. n. and a. [etym. dub.; perh. akin with pavio].

Neutr., to be struck with fear or terror, to tremble or quake with fear, to be afraid, be terrified (perh. not used by Cic.; not in Cæs.;

syn.: tremo, trepido, timeo, metuo): nam et intus paveo et foris formido,

Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 20:

mihi paveo,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 10; Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 10:

ne pave,

id. Am. 5, 1, 58; id. Mil. 3, 3, 21:

quaeres, quando iterum paveas,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 69:

paventes ad omnia,

Liv. 5, 42, 4:

repente Maurus incerto vultu pavens ad Sullam accurrit,

in great fear, Sall. J. 106, 2; Ov. M. 8, 89:

admiratione paventibus cunctis,

seized with astonishment, Liv. 7, 34, 7; cf.:

speque metuque pavent,

Ov. F. 3, 362:

in alieno discrimine sibi pavens, ne adlevasse videretur,

Tac. H. 2, 63; cf.

venae,

id. ib. 5, 6:

hoc sermone pavent,

i. e. express their fears, Juv. 6, 189.—With prepp. (eccl. Lat.):

pavete ad sanctuarium meum,

Vulg. Lev. 26, 2; cf. id. Deut. 31, 6:

pavens pro arcā Dei,

id. 1 Reg. 4, 13:

pavebit a facie consilii Domini,

id. Isa. 19, 17; cf. id. ib. 30, 31;

31, 4: super quo pavet anima,

id. Ezech. 24, 21.—

Act., to fear, dread, be terrified at:

et illud paveo et hoc formido,

Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 59;

so with a general object: ad hoc mulieres... miserari parvos liberos, rogitare, omnia pavere,

Sall. C. 31, 3: noctem paventes, Poët. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23:

quis Parthum paveat, quis gelidum Scythen?

Hor. C. 4, 5, 25:

ut pavet acres Agna lupos capreaeque leones!

id. Epod. 12, 25:

tristiorem casum,

Tac. H. 1, 29:

mores alicujus,

id. ib. 1, 50:

saturam serpentibus ibin,

Juv. 15, 3:

mortem,

Plin. 2, 12, 9, § 54:

funera,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 49:

(Castanea) pavet novitatem,

Plin. 17, 20, 34, § 149.— Pass. (in Plin. 31, 9, 45, § 104, read batuerentur):

nec pedibus tantum pavendas serpentes,

Plin. 8, 23, 35, § 85.—Perh. here too belongs: paveri frumenta dicebant antiqui, quae de vaginā non bene exibant, Fest. p 251 and 253 Müll.; v. Müll. ad loc.—

With inf. ( poet.):

pavetque Laedere jactatis maternas ossibus umbras,

Ov. M. 1, 386:

nec illae numerare aut exigere plagas pavent,

Tac. G. 7.

paveo, pāvī, ēre (vgl. πτοέω scheue), vor Furcht-, vor Angst beben, zittern, zagen, besorgt sein, sich ängstigen, Plaut. u. Ov.: paveo mihi, meinetwegen, Ter.: sibi pavens, für sich besorgt, Tac.: pav. divitiis (für seine R.), Aur. Vict. – m. Acc. resp. = wegen, über usw. (s. Heräus Tac. hist. 3, 56, 10), lupos, Hor.: vana miracula, Liv.: omnia, Sall.: casum, Tac.: nec pedibus tantum pavendas serpentes, auch haben nicht bloß die F. sich vor den Schl. zu fürchten, Plin. – m. Abl. causae, novitate, Ov.: admiratione, Liv. – m. ad u. Akk., ad omnia, Liv.: ad singulos nuntios, Liv.: ad necopinatum tumultum, Liv. – m. folg. Infin., pavetque laedere, Ov. met. 1, 386: nec illae numerare aut exigere plagas pavent, Tac. Germ. 7: nec pavet hic populus pro libertate subire, Lucan. 3, 349: sumere ne lector iuge paveret opus, Rut. Nam. 2, 4: verb. paveo et formido m. Inf., Apul. met. 3, 15: mit folg. Acc. u. Infin., vimque homini tantam providus esse pavet, Avian. fab. 29, 8. – mit folg. ne u. Konj., id paves, ne ducas tu illam, Ter. Andr. 349: paventibus cunctis, ne eadem quae sub Gallieno fuerant provenirent, Vopisc. Aurel. 18, 4. – Partic. pavens = sich ängstigend, ängstlich, Sall. u.a.: Plur. subst., paventes, Zagende (Ggstz. securi), Plin. pan. 95, 5. – übtr., venae pavent, die Saftgefäße fahren zusammen, stocken, Tac. hist. 5, 6.

* * *

cō-nīvĕo (less correctly con-nī-vĕo; cf. Ritschl, Opusc. II. 448 sq.), nīvi (Cassius ap. Prisc. p. 866 P.; cf. Prob. II. p. 1482 ib.) or nixi (Turp. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P.;

perh. also connipsi, connipseram,

App. M. 11, p. 146 Hildebr. Min.), 2 (access. form of inf. conivĕre, Calvus ap. Prisc. l. l.), v. n. [niveo, kindr. with nico and nicto], to close or shut. *

In gen.:

cava ventris ac stomachi inanitate diutinā contrahuntur et conivent,

Gell. 16, 3, 3.—More freq.,

Esp., to close or shut the eyes (in sleep, from the light, from fear, etc.), to blink; or of the eyes, to close, shut, to half close when heavy with sleep (class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.: dum ego conixi somno, hic sibi prospexit vigilans virginem, Turp. l. l.; so Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; Tac. A. 16, 5:

coniventes illi oculi abavi tui,

Cic. Har. Resp. 18, 38:

conivent solemque pavent agnoscere visu,

Sil. 7, 729; cf. Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 10:

ad tonitrua et fulgura,

Suet. Calig. 51:

contra conminationem aliquam (gladiatores),

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 144.—With acc. Gr.:

nam non conivi oculos ego deinde sopore, Cassius, l. l.: (oculis) somno coniventibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143; Col. 10, 259.—

Poet., transf., of the sun and moon, to be darkened, obscured, eclipsed, Lucr. 5, 776.—

Trop.

In gen., to be dull, drowsy, or languid:

certa sunt enim pleraque et nisi coniveamus, in oculos incurrunt,

Quint. 10, 3, 16:

multa nobis blandimenta natura ipsa genuit, quibus sopita virtus coniveret,

Cic. Cael. 17, 41:

animus atque mens viri prudentis in sollicitis numquam conivens, nusquam aciem suam flectens, etc.,

Gell. 13, 27, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 9.—

(Like our phrase to wink at.) To leave an error or crime unnoticed or uncensured, to overlook, connive at, wink at, etc.:

haec ipsa concedo: quibusdam etiam in rebus coniveo,

Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 18:

pro di immortales! cur interdum in hominum sceleribus maxumis aut conivetis aut... poenas in diem reservetis?

id. Cael. 24, 59:

qui ob eam causam in tot tantisque sceleribus conivebant,

id. Har. Resp. 24, 52; id. Agr. 2, 28, 77;

Fragm. ap. Prob. II. p. 1482 P.: seditiosorum punitor acerrimus, conivebat in ceteris,

Suet. Caes. 67; Pers. 6, 50.

cō-nīvĕo (less correctly con-nī-vĕo; cf. Ritschl, Opusc. II. 448 sq.), nīvi (Cassius ap. Prisc. p. 866 P.; cf. Prob. II. p. 1482 ib.) or nixi (Turp. ap. Prisc. p. 866 P.;

perh. also connipsi, connipseram,

App. M. 11, p. 146 Hildebr. Min.), 2 (access. form of inf. conivĕre, Calvus ap. Prisc. l. l.), v. n. [niveo, kindr. with nico and nicto], to close or shut. *

In gen.:

cava ventris ac stomachi inanitate diutinā contrahuntur et conivent,

Gell. 16, 3, 3.—More freq.,

Esp., to close or shut the eyes (in sleep, from the light, from fear, etc.), to blink; or of the eyes, to close, shut, to half close when heavy with sleep (class. in prose and poetry).

Lit.: dum ego conixi somno, hic sibi prospexit vigilans virginem, Turp. l. l.; so Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; Tac. A. 16, 5:

coniventes illi oculi abavi tui,

Cic. Har. Resp. 18, 38:

conivent solemque pavent agnoscere visu,

Sil. 7, 729; cf. Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 10:

ad tonitrua et fulgura,

Suet. Calig. 51:

contra conminationem aliquam (gladiatores),

Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 144.—With acc. Gr.:

nam non conivi oculos ego deinde sopore, Cassius, l. l.: (oculis) somno coniventibus,

Cic. N. D. 2, 57, 143; Col. 10, 259.—

Poet., transf., of the sun and moon, to be darkened, obscured, eclipsed, Lucr. 5, 776.—

Trop.

In gen., to be dull, drowsy, or languid:

certa sunt enim pleraque et nisi coniveamus, in oculos incurrunt,

Quint. 10, 3, 16:

multa nobis blandimenta natura ipsa genuit, quibus sopita virtus coniveret,

Cic. Cael. 17, 41:

animus atque mens viri prudentis in sollicitis numquam conivens, nusquam aciem suam flectens, etc.,

Gell. 13, 27, 4; cf. id. 2, 2, 9.—

(Like our phrase to wink at.) To leave an error or crime unnoticed or uncensured, to overlook, connive at, wink at, etc.:

haec ipsa concedo: quibusdam etiam in rebus coniveo,

Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 18:

pro di immortales! cur interdum in hominum sceleribus maxumis aut conivetis aut... poenas in diem reservetis?

id. Cael. 24, 59:

qui ob eam causam in tot tantisque sceleribus conivebant,

id. Har. Resp. 24, 52; id. Agr. 2, 28, 77;

Fragm. ap. Prob. II. p. 1482 P.: seditiosorum punitor acerrimus, conivebat in ceteris,

Suet. Caes. 67; Pers. 6, 50.

ex-ĭgo, ēgi, actum, 3, v. a. [ago], to drive out or forth, to thrust out, to take or turn out.

Lit.

In gen.:

reges ex civitate,

to expel, Cic. de Or. 2, 48, 199:

hostem e campo,

Liv. 3, 61, 8: exigor patria, Naev. ap. Non. 291, 4:

aliquem domo,

Liv. 39, 11, 2:

aliquem campo,

id. 37, 41, 12:

omnes foras,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 1, 7:

adcolas ultra famam,

Plin. 2, 68, 68, § 175:

exacti reges,

driven away, Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37; cf.:

Tarquinio exacto,

id. Rep. 1, 40:

anno post Tarquinios exactos,

Tac. A. 11, 22:

Orestes exactus furiis,

driven, tormented, Ov. Tr. 4, 4, 70:

virum a se,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 62:

uxorem,

to put away, divorce, Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 45; Suet. Caes. 50; id. Claud. 26; cf.: illam suam (uxorem) suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim tabulis; claves ademit;

exegit,

turned her out of the house, Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69: aliquem vitā, i. e. to kill, Sen. de Ira, 1, 6: corpus e stratis, to raise up or out, Sil. 16, 234:

maculam,

to take out, Suet. Aug. 94: et sacer admissas exigit Hebrus aquas, pours out into the sea, Ov. H. 2, 114; of weapons, to thrust from one, thrust, drive:

non circumspectis exactum viribus ensem Fregit,

thrust, impelled, Ov. M. 5, 171; so,

ensem,

Luc. 8, 656; cf.:

ensem per medium juvenem,

plunges through the middle, Verg. A. 10, 815:

gladium per viscera,

Flor. 4, 2, 68:

tela in aliquem,

Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 16;

hence: aliquem hastā,

i. e. to thrust through, transfix, Val. Fl. 6, 572.—Mid.:

quae (hasta) cervice exacta est,

passed out, passed through, Ov. M. 5, 138: prope sub conatu adversarii manus exigenda, to be put forth, raised (for a blow), Quint. 6, 4, 8 Spald.:

(capellas) a grege in campos, hircos in caprilia,

to drive out, Varr. R. R. 2, 3, 8:

sues pastum,

id. ib. 2, 4, 6:

radices altius,

to send out, Cels. 5, 28, 14; cf.:

vitis uvas,

Col. 3, 2, 10; 3, 6, 2; Cels. 8, 1 med. —

In partic.

A scenic t. t., to drive off, i. e. hiss off a piece or a player from the stage (rare):

spectandae (fabulae) an exigendae sint vobis prius,

Ter. And. prol. 27 Ruhnk.; so, fabulas, id. Hec. prol. alt. 4; id. ib. 7.—

To demand, require, enforce, exact payment of a debt, taxes, etc., or the performance of any other duty (very freq.;

syn.: posco, postulo, flagito, contendo, etc.): ad eas pecunias exigendas legatos misimus,

Cic. Fam. 13, 11, 1: pecunias a civitatibus, id. Div. ap. Caecil. 10, 33:

acerbissime pecunias imperatas,

Caes. B. C. 3, 32; cf. id. ib. 1, 6 fin.; Cic. Pis. 16, 38; id. N. D. 3, 34, 84:

quaternos denarios,

id. Font. 5, 9:

tributa,

id. Fam. 3, 7, 3:

pensionem,

id. ib. 6, 18, 5:

nomina sua,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28:

mercedem,

id. Lael. 21, 80 et saep.:

equitum peditumque certum numerum a civitatibus Siciliae,

Caes. B. C. 1, 30, 4:

obsides ab Apolloniatibus,

id. ib. 3, 12, 1:

viam,

to demand the construction of a road, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 59, § 154; Liv. 42, 3, 7:

a quoquam ne pejeret,

Juv. 13, 36.—Esp.: rationem, to exact an account:

ut Athenienses rationibus exigendis non vacarent,

Val. Max. 3, 1, ext. 1; Plin. Ep. 10, 81, 1:

libertorum nomina a quibus ratio exigi posset,

Suet. Aug. 101 fin. —

In pass.: exigor aliquid, to be solicited, dunned for money, etc. (post-class.): exigor portorium, id est, exigitur de me portorium, Caecil. ap. Gell. 15, 14, 5; id. ap. Non. 106, 24: (Rib. Com. Fragm. p. 51): sese pecunias maximas exactos esse, Q. Metell. Numid. ap. Gell. 15, 14, 2; Dig. 23, 4, 32.—

To examine, inquire into (post-Aug.):

nec illae (conjuges) numerare aut exigere plagas pavent,

Tac. G. 7 fin. (so Ritter, Halm, with all MSS., cf. Holzmann ad loc.; al. exugere, said to have been the read. of a lost codex, the Arundelianus; cf. exsugo); cf.:

exactum et a Titidio Labeone, cur omisisset, etc.,

id. A. 2, 85.—

Of places, to go or pass beyond, to pass by, leave behind ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

cum primus equis exegit anhelis Phoebus Athon,

Val. Fl. 2, 75; cf. Prop. 3, 20, 11 (4, 20, 3 M.):

Troglodytae hibernum mare exigunt circa brumam,

Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 87.—

In mercant. lang., to dispose of, sell:

agrorum exigere fructus,

Liv. 34, 9, 9 Drak.: mercibus exactis, Col. poët. 10, 317. —

Mathemat. t. t., to apply to a standard or measure, i. e. to examine, try, measure, weigh by any thing:

ad perpendiculum columnas,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 51, § 133:

materiam ad regulam et libellam,

Plin. 36, 25, 63, § 188:

pondus margaritarum sua manu,

Suet. Caes. 47; cf.:

aliquid mensura,

Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 159.

Trop.

In gen., to drive out, expel (very rare):

locus, Ubi labore lassitudo exigunda ex corpore,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 4: frigus atque horrorem vestimentis, Lucil. ap. Non. 291, 8.—Far more freq. and class.,

In partic.

(Acc. to I. B. 2.) To require, demand, claim any thing due:

ego vero et exspectabo ea quae polliceris, neque exigam, nisi tuo commodo,

Cic. Brut. 4, 17:

aliquid exigere magis quam rogare,

id. Fam. 2, 6, 1:

longiores litteras exspectabo vel potius exigam,

id. ib. 15, 16, 1:

omnibus ex rebus voluptatem quasi mercedem,

id. Fin. 2, 22, 73:

ab hoc acerbius exegit natura quod dederat,

demanded back, reclaimed, id. Tusc. 1, 39, 93 Klotz.:

non ut a poëta, sed ut a teste veritatem exigunt,

id. Leg. 1, 1, 4:

has toties optata exegit gloria poenas,

has cost, Juv. 10, 187:

poenas,

to take vengeance, id. 10, 84:

de vulnere poenas,

Ov. M. 14, 478: poenam (alicui), Sen. de Ira, 2, 22 fin.; Ov. F. 4, 230:

gravia piacula ab aliquo,

Liv. 29, 18, 18 et saep.—With ut:

exigerem ex te cogeremque, ut responderes,

Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 119; 4, 28, 80; cf.:

Calypso exigit fata ducis,

questions, inquires into, Ov. A. A. 2, 130:

exactum a marito, cur, etc.,

Tac. A. 2, 85:

exigite ut mores seu pollice ducat,

Juv. 7, 237 sq. —With an object-clause:

exigimus potuisse eum eo tempore testamentum facere,

Dig. 29, 7, 8; 24, 3, 2.— Absol.:

in exigendo non acerbum,

Cic. Off. 2, 18, 64:

cum res exiget,

Quint. 5, 11, 5; 10, 3, 3; cf.:

ut res exiget,

id. 12, 10, 69:

si communis utilitas exegerit,

id. 12, 1, 37.— Esp.: rationem, to require an account:

rerum gestarum,

Just. 19, 2, 6:

numquid rationem exiges, cum tibi aliquis hos dixerit versus?

an explanation, Sen. Ep. 94, 28; Plin. Ep. 19, 9.—

Of time, life, etc., to lead, spend, pass, complete, finish:

non novisse quicum aetatem exegerim,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 111; id. Capt. 3, 5, 62:

tecum aetatem,

id. Mil. 4, 2, 48; 4, 6, 60; id. Cas. 2, 5, 12:

ut te dignam mala malam aetatem exigas,

id. Aul. 1, 1, 4: vitam taetre, Cat. Or. inc. 15; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 39:

cum maerore graviorem vitam,

Sall. J. 14, 15; 85, 49; Plin. 7, 44, 45, § 139; Vitr. 2, 1, 4; Val. Max. 3, 5, 4 al.:

vitae tempus,

Sen. Ep. 2, 2; Val. Max. 3, 3, ext. 6:

jam ad pariendum temporibus exactis,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 48: qui exacta aetate moriuntur, at the close of the vigorous period of life, Cic. Tusc. 1, 39, 93; id. Verr. 2, 5, 8, § 21; Sall. J. 6, 2; Liv. 2, 40, 11 al.:

mediam dies exegerat horam,

Ov. Am. 1, 5, 1:

aevum,

Lucr. 4, 1235; Verg. A. 7, 777; Ov. M. 12, 209:

tristissimam noctem,

Petr. 115:

diem supremum noctemque,

Tac. A. 3, 16:

ullum tempus jucundius,

Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 1:

jam aestatem exactam esse,

Sall. J. 61, 1:

per exactos annos,

at the end of every year, Hor. C. 3, 22, 6:

exacto per scelera die,

Tac. H. 1, 47; id. A. 3, 16; so,

exacto quadriennio,

Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 130; Verg. G. 3, 190; Stat. S. 2, 2, 47.—

To conduct, urge forward, superintend, drive:

opus,

Ov. M. 14, 218; Col. 3, 13, 11.—

To bring to an end, to conclude, finish, complete a thing ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

exegi monumentum aere perennius,

Hor. C. 3, 30, 1:

opus,

Ov. R. Am. 811; id. M. 15, 871:

exactus tenui pumice versus eat,

Prop. 3, 1, 8; Verg. A. 6, 637:

commentarii ita sunt exacti, ut, etc.,

Quint. 10, 7, 30:

eandem gracilitatem stilo exigere condiscant,

to reach, attain to, id. 1, 9, 2.—

To determine, ascertain, find out:

sociisque exacta referre,

his discoveries, Verg. A. 1, 309:

non prius exacta tenui ratione saporum,

before he has ascertained, Hor. S. 2, 4, 36.— Pass. impers.:

non tamen exactum, quid agat,

Ov. F. 3, 637; cf. id. Am, 3, 7, 16. —

(Acc. to I. B. 3.) To weigh, try, prove, measure, examine, adjust, estimate, consider, = examinare, ponderare (class. but perh. not in Cic.): si ad illam summam veritatem legitimum jus exegeris, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6, 1; cf.: nolite ad vestras leges atque instituta exigere ea, quae Lacedaemone fiunt, to estimate by the standard of, etc., Liv. 34, 31, 17; so,

opus ad vires suas,

Ov. A. A. 2, 502:

si omnia argumenta ad obrussam coeperimus exigere,

Sen. Q. N. 4, 5, 1; cf.:

principatus tuus ad obrussam exigitur,

id. de Clem. 1, 1, 6:

se ad aliquem,

id. Ep. 11 fin.:

regulam emendate loquendi,

Quint. 1, 5, 2:

illa non nisi aure exiguntur, quae fiunt per sonos,

are judged of, id. 1, 5, 19; cf. id. 1, 4, 7.—

To treat, consult, deliberate respecting something, = considerare, deliberare (class. but not in Cic.): de his rebus ut exigeret cum eo, Furnio mandavi, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 7:

cum aliquo,

Plin. Ep. 6, 12, 3; cf.:

secum aliquid,

Verg. A. 4, 476; Ov. M. 10, 587; Sen. Ep. 27:

de aliqua re coram,

Plin. Ep. 9, 26, 13:

haec exigentes hostes oppressere,

Liv. 22, 49, 12:

quid dicendum, quid tacendum, quid differendum sit, exigere consilii est,

Quint. 6, 5, 5.—

To endure, undergo:

aerumnam,

Plaut. Capt. 5, 4, 12. —Hence, exactus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 5., measured; hence), precise, accurate, exact (poet and in post-Aug. prose):

difficile est, quot ceciderint, exacto affirmare numero,

Liv. 3, 5, 12:

acies falcis,

Plin. 17, 27, 42, § 251:

fides,

Ov. Pont. 4, 9, 46.— Comp.:

cura,

Suet. Tib. 18; Mart. 4, 87, 4. — Sup.:

diligentia,

Front. Aquaed. 89:

vir,

Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 5.—With gen.:

Mamurius, morum fabraene exactior artis, Difficile est dicere,

Ov. F. 3, 383.— Adv.: exacte, exactly, precisely, accurately:

ut exacte perorantibus mos est,

Sid. Ep. 7, 9.— Comp.: dicere, disserere, Mel. Prooem. § 2; Gell. 1, 3, 21.— Sup.:

pascere,

Sid. Ep. 5, 11.