orthodox+system

orthodoxes Currency-Board-System n WIWI orthodox currency board system

sát-tarka

-siddhâ̱ñjana n. N. of wk.

vedấnta


N. of the second andﾠ most important part of the Mīmāṇsā orﾠ third of the three great divisions of Hindū philosophy (called Vedânta either as teaching the ultimate scope of the Veda orﾠ simply as explained in the Upanishads which come at the end of the Veda;
this system, although belonging to the Mīmāṇsā
<q.v.> andﾠ sometimes called Uttara-mīmāṇsā,
« examination of the later portion orﾠ jñāna-kāṇḍa
<q.v.> of the Veda», is really the one sole orthodox exponent of the pantheistic creed of the Hindūs of the present day - a creed which underlies all the polytheism andﾠ multiform mythology of the people;
its chief doctrine < as expounded by Ṡaṃkara> is that of Advaita
i.e. that nothing really exists but the One Self orﾠ Soul of the Universe called Brahman <neut.> orﾠ Paramâtman,
andﾠ that the Jīvâtman orﾠ individual human soul andﾠ indeed all the phenomena of nature are really identical with the Paramâtman, andﾠ that their existence is only the result of Ajñāna < otherwise called Avidyā>
orﾠ an assumed ignorance on the part of that one universal Soul which is described as both Creator andﾠ Creation;
Actor andﾠ Act;
Existence, Knowledge andﾠ Joy, andﾠ as devoid of the three qualities < seeﾠ guṇa>;
the liberation of the human soul, its deliverance from transmigrations, andﾠ re-union with the Paramâtman, with which it is really identified, is only to be effected by a removal of that ignorance through a proper understanding of the Vedânta;
this system is alsoﾠ called Brahma-mīmāṇsā andﾠ Ṡārīrakamīmāṇsā, « inquiring into Spirit. orﾠ embodied Spirit. » ;
the founder of the school is said to have been Vyāsa, alsoﾠ called Bādarāyaṇa, andﾠ its most eminent teacher was Ṡaṃkarâcārya) Up. MBh. etc.;
(ās) m. pl. the Upanishads orﾠ works on the Vedânta philosophy Kull. on Mn. VI, 83.

ṛíshi

ṛishatijñānenasaṉsāra-pāram T. ;
perhaps fr. an obsolete ṛish for dṛiṡ, « to seeﾠ ?» cf. ṛishi-kṛit),
a singer of sacred hymns, an inspired poet orﾠ sage, any person who alone orﾠ with others invokes the deities in rhythmical speech orﾠ song of a sacred character
(e.g.. the ancient hymn-singers Kutsa, Atri., Rebha, Agastya, Kuṡika, Vasishṭha, Vy-aṡva) RV. AV. VS. etc.. ;
the Ṛishis were regarded by later generations as patriarchal sages orﾠ saints, occupying the same position in India history as the heroes andﾠ patriarchs of other countries, andﾠ constitute a peculiar class of beings in the early mythical system,
as distinct from gods, men, Asuras, etc. AV. X, 10, 26 ṠBr. AitBr. KātySr. Mn. etc.. ;
they are the authors orﾠ rather seers of the Vedic hymns
i.e. according to orthodox Hindū ideas they are the inspired personages to whom these hymns were revealed,
andﾠ such an expression as « the Ṛishi says» is equivalent to « so it stands in the sacred text» ;
seven Ṛishis, saptaṛishayaḥ, orﾠ saptaṛishayaḥ orﾠ saptarshayaḥ, are often mentioned in the Brāhmaṇas andﾠ later works as typical representatives of the character andﾠ spirit of the pre-historic orﾠ mythical period;
in ṠBr. XIV, 5, 2, 6 their names are given as follows, Gotama, Bharadvāja, Viṡvā-mitra, Jamadagni, Vasishṭha, Kaṡyapa, andﾠ Atri;
in MBh. XII, Marīci, Atri., Aṇgiras, Pulaha, Kratu, Pulastya, Vasishṭha are given as the names of the Ṛishis of the first Manvantara, andﾠ they are alsoﾠ called Prajāpatis orﾠ patriarchs;
the names of the Ṛishis of the subsequent Manv-antaras are enumerated in Hariv. 417 ff. ;
afterwards three other names are added, viz. Pracetas orﾠ Daksha, Bhṛigu, andﾠ Nārada, these ten being created by Manu Svāyambhuva for the production of all other beings including gods andﾠ men ĀṡvṠr. MBh. VP. etc.. ;
in astron. the seven Ṛishis form the constellation of « the Great Bear» RV. X, 82, 2 AV. VI, 40, 1 ṠBr. ĀṡvGṛ. MBh. etc.. ;
(metaphorically the seven Ṛishis may stand for the seven senses orﾠ the seven vital airs of the body VS. XXXIV ṠBr. XIV KātyṠr.);
a saint orﾠ sanctified sage in general, an ascetic, anchorite (this is a later sense;
sometimes three orders of these are enumerated,
viz. Devarshis, Brahmarshis, andﾠ Rājarshis;
sometimes seven, four others being added,
viz. Maharshis, Paramarshis, Ṡrutarshis, andﾠ Kāṇdarshis)
Mn. IV, 94; XI, 236 Ṡak. Ragh. etc.. ;
the seventh of the eight degrees of Brāhmans Hcat. ;
a hymn orﾠ Mantra composed by a Ṛishi;
the Veda Comm. on MBh. and Pat. ;
a symbolical expression for the number seven;
the moon;
an imaginary circle;
a ray of light L. ;
the fish Cyprinus Rishi L. ;
<cf. Hib. arsan, « a sage, a man old in wisdom» ;
arrach, « old, ancient, aged» >,
- ऋषिकल्प
- ऋषिकुल्या
- ऋषिकृत्
- ऋषिगण
- ऋषिगिरि
- ऋषिगुप्त
- ऋषिचान्द्रायण
- ऋषिचोदन
- ऋषिच्छन्दस्
- ऋषिजाङ्गलिकी
- ऋषितर्पण
- ऋषितीर्थ
- ऋषित्व
- ऋषिदेव
- ऋषिदेश
- ऋषिद्रोण
- ऋषिद्विष्
- ऋषिपञ्चमी
- ऋषिपतन
- ऋषिपुत्र
- ऋषिपुत्रक
- ऋषिप्रशिष्ट
- ऋषिप्रोक्ता
- ऋषिबन्धु
- ऋषिब्राह्मण
- ऋषिमण्डल
- ऋषिमनस्
- ऋषिमुख
- ऋषियज्ञ
- ऋषिलोक
- ऋषिवत्
- ऋषिशृङ्ग
- ऋषिश्राद्ध
- ऋषिषह्
- ऋषिषाण
- ऋषिष्टुत
- ऋषिसंहिता
- ऋषिसत्तम
- ऋषिसाह्वय
- ऋषिस्तोम
- ऋषिस्वर
- ऋषिस्वाध्याय
- ऋषीवत्
- ऋषीवह