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41 peggiore
worsesuperlativo worstil peggiore the worstnel peggiore dei casi if the worst comes to the worst* * *peggiore agg.1 compar. worse: giorni peggiori, worse days; le sue condizioni sono peggiori di ieri, his condition is worse than yesterday; abbiamo superato momenti molto peggiori di questo, we have got over much worse moments than this; non è peggiore di suo fratello, he is no worse than his brother; il tempo non avrebbe potuto essere peggiore, the weather could not have been worse; non potevi capitare in un momento peggiore, you couldn't have turned up at a worse moment; diventar peggiore, to get worse (o to worsen); rendere peggiore qlco., to make sthg. worse (o to worsen sthg.)2 superl.rel. the worst; ( tra due) the worse: è il peggiore individuo che abbia mai incontrato, he's the worst person I've ever met; non lo augurerei al mio peggior nemico, I wouldn't wish it on my worst enemy; il suo difetto peggiore è l'avarizia, his worst fault is his meanness; era la peggior cosa che potesse fare, it was the worst thing he could have done; lui non è certamente il peggiore fra voi due, he is by no means the worse of you two; tra le due soluzioni ha scelto la peggiore, he chose the worse of the two solutions // nella peggiore delle ipotesi, if the worst comes to the worst.* * *[ped'dʒore]1. agg(comparativo) worse, (superlativo) worst2. sm/fil/la peggiore — the worst one, the worst (person)
* * *[ped'dʒore] 1.1) (comparativo) worse (di than)non c'è cosa peggiore di... — there's nothing worse than
2) (superlativo relativo) worst (di of, in)il mio peggior nemico, difetto — my worst enemy, fault
2.nel peggiore dei casi, nella peggiore delle ipotesi — at (the) worst, if the worst were to happen, if the worst came to the worst
sostantivo maschile e sostantivo femminileil peggiore, la peggiore — (fra più di due) the worst (di of, in); (fra due) the worse (di of)
* * *peggiore/ped'dʒore/1 (comparativo) worse (di than); questo libro è peggiore dell'altro this book is worse than the other one; oggi il tempo è peggiore di ieri today the weather is worse than yesterday; non c'è cosa peggiore di... there's nothing worse than...2 (superlativo relativo) worst (di of, in); il mio peggior nemico, difetto my worst enemy, fault; un bugiardo della peggior specie a liar of the worst kind; nel peggiore dei modi in the worst possible way; nel peggiore dei casi, nella peggiore delle ipotesi at (the) worst, if the worst were to happen, if the worst came to the worst; la cosa peggiore di lei è (che) the worst thing about her is (that)II m. e f. -
42 saltare
1. v/t jump( omettere) skipsaltare ( in padella) sauté2. v/i jumpdi bottone come offdi fusibile blowcolloq di impegno be cancelledsaltare dalla gioia jump for joyè saltata la corrente there's been a power cutsaltare/far saltare in aria blow upsaltare fuori turn up* * *saltare v. intr.1 to jump, to spring*, to leap*: il cane mi saltò addosso, the dog jumped up at me; saltare giù, su, di qua e di là, to jump down, up, about; saltare in piedi, to jump (o to leap) to one's feet; saltare su un piede solo, to hop; saltare a cavallo, to vault onto one's horse; saltare al collo di qlcu., to fling one's arms round s.o.'s neck (o to hug s.o.); saltare fuori dal letto, to spring (o to jump) out of bed; saltò in auto, he jumped in the car; saltare dalla finestra, to jump (o leap) out of the window // (sport) saltare in alto, in lungo, to do the high, the long jump; saltare con l'asta, to pole-vault // che cosa ti è saltato in mente?, (cosa stai facendo?) what on earth got into you?; non mi è neanche saltato in mente, it has never crossed my mind // è un colore che salta agli occhi, it is a colour that catches one's eye // mi saltò addosso con un mucchio d'insulti, he heaped insults on me // saltò su a dire che..., he interrupted, saying that...; saltò su con delle sciocche osservazioni, he broke in with some silly remarks // è saltato fuori a dire che non aveva il passaporto, he came out with the fact that he didn't have a passport // e così è saltato fuori il suo nome, and so his name came up // saltare di gioia, to jump for joy // saltare di palo in frasca, ( da un argomento all'altro) to jump from one subject to another // far saltare un bambino sulle ginocchia, to dandle a child on one's knee2 ( esplodere) to explode; to blow* up; ( schizzar via) to shoot* out; to pop out, to pop off; ( rompersi) to break*: il radiatore saltò in aria, the radiator exploded; sono saltate le valvole, the fuses have blown; tutte le case saltarono in aria, all the houses were blown up; è saltata la corrente, the electricity has gone; il bottone è saltato, the button has come off; è saltata una molla, a spring has broken // far saltare il banco, ( al gioco) to break the bank // far saltare qlcu., ( licenziarlo) to give s.o. the sack // far saltare il governo, to overthrow (o to topple) the government // far saltare una serratura, to break a lock // far saltare il tappo di una bottiglia, to pop the cork of a bottle // farsi saltare le cervella, to blow one's brains out◆ v.tr.1 to jump, to leap*, to jump over (sthg.), to leap* over (sthg.); to skip (anche fig.): saltò due metri, he jumped two metres; il cavallo saltò l'ostacolo, the horse jumped the obstacle; saltare un muro, uno steccato, to jump (over) a wall, a fence; saltare la corda, to skip; saltare delle pagine, un capitolo, to skip some pages, a chapter // saltare una classe, to skip a class // saltare una difficoltà, to get round a difficulty // saltare un giro di danza, to sit out a dance // saltare il pasto, to skip (o to miss) a meal* * *[sal'tare]1. vt(siepe, ostacolo) to jump (over), leap (over), (fig : capitolo, pasto) to skip, miss (out)saltare su/sopra qc — to jump on/over sth
saltare giù da qc — to jump off sth, jump down from sth
saltare addosso a qn — (aggredire) to attack sb
salta su! — (in macchina) jump in!, (su moto, bici) jump on!
è saltato su e mi ha detto che... — he jumped up and told me that...
saltare dal letto/dalla finestra — to jump out of bed/out of the window
saltare al collo di qn — (in segno di affetto) to throw one's arms round sb's neck, (per strangolarlo) to grab sb by the neck
2) (bottone) to pop off, (bomba) to explode, blow up, (ponte, ferrovia) to blow up, (valvola) to blow, (fig : impiegato) to be fired, (corso) to be cancelled3)far saltare — (treno, ponte) to blow up, (fusibile) to blow, (mina) to explode, (serratura: forzare) to break, (con esplosivo) to blow, (lezione, appuntamento) to cancel
far saltare il banco Giochi — to break the bank
4)saltare fuori — (apparire improvvisamente) to jump out, leap out, (venire trovato) to turn up
saltare fuori con — (dire improvvisamente) to come out with
dall'auto sono saltati fuori due ladri — two thieves jumped o leapt out of the car
5) Culin to sauté* * *[sal'tare] 1.verbo intransitivo1) (aus. avere) to jump; (su un piede solo) to hop2) (aus. essere) (seguito da complemento di luogo) to jump, to leap*, to spring*saltare di ramo in ramo — to leap through the trees o from branch to branch
3) (aus. essere) (montare, salire)saltare su un taxi, un treno — to jump o hop into a taxi, onto a train
4) (aus. essere) (staccarsi, schizzare via) [ bottone] to come* off, to pop (off); [ vernice] to chip (away), to come* off; [ tappo] to pop (off)5) (aus. essere) (esplodere)saltare in o per aria [edificio, ponte] to blow up, to explode, to go up; fare saltare una cassaforte to blow a safe; fare saltare il banco — gioc. to break the bank
7) (aus. essere) (non avere luogo) [trasmissione, riunione] to be* cancelled, to be* canceled AE; (essere destituito) [ persona] to be* dismissed, to be* removed from powerfare saltare il governo — to bring down o topple the government
fare saltare qcn. — (licenziare) to fire sb
9) (aus. avere) sportsaltare in alto, in lungo — to do the high, long jump
10) saltare fuori (venire fuori) [verità, segreto] to come* out; [problema, questione] to come* up, to crop up; (essere ritrovato) [ oggetto] to turn up, to pop up BE colloq.2.verbo transitivo1) to jump (over), to leap* (over), to clear, to hop (over) [fosso, ostacolo, siepe]saltare la corda — to skip BE o jump AE rope
saltare tre metri — to jump o leap three metres
3) fig. (omettere) to skip [pagina, paragrafo]; (involontariamente) to miss (out), to leave* out [parola, riga]; (essere assente a) to skip, to miss [lezione, scuola]; (non consumare) to skip, to miss [ pasto]saltare il (proprio) turno — gioc. to miss one's turn
4) gastr. to sauté••saltare agli occhi di qcn. — (essere evidente) to leap at sb.
non saltare alle conclusioni! — don't jump o leap to conclusions!
fare saltare i nervi a qcn. — to drive sb. up the wall
saltare addosso a qcn. — (aggredire fisicamente) to jump sb.; (assalire verbalmente) to jump on sb.
* * *saltare/sal'tare/ [1]1 (aus. avere) to jump; (su un piede solo) to hop; saltare dalla gioia to jump for joy; saltare da fermo to make a jump from a standing start2 (aus. essere) (seguito da complemento di luogo) to jump, to leap*, to spring*; saltare a terra to jump (down) to the ground; saltare giù da un muro to hop off a wall; saltare in acqua to jump (into the water); saltare dalla finestra to jump out of the window; saltare giù dal letto to jump out of bed; saltare di ramo in ramo to leap through the trees o from branch to branch3 (aus. essere) (montare, salire) saltare su un taxi, un treno to jump o hop into a taxi, onto a train; salta su! hop in!4 (aus. essere) (staccarsi, schizzare via) [ bottone] to come* off, to pop (off); [ vernice] to chip (away), to come* off; [ tappo] to pop (off)5 (aus. essere) (esplodere) saltare in o per aria [edificio, ponte] to blow up, to explode, to go up; fare saltare una cassaforte to blow a safe; fare saltare il banco gioc. to break the bank6 (aus. essere) colloq. (bloccarsi, guastarsi) [ fusibile] to blow*; è saltata la luce the power has gone off7 (aus. essere) (non avere luogo) [trasmissione, riunione] to be* cancelled, to be* canceled AE; (essere destituito) [ persona] to be* dismissed, to be* removed from power; l'accordo è saltato the deal's off; fare saltare il governo to bring down o topple the government; fare saltare qcn. (licenziare) to fire sb.8 (aus. essere) fig. (passare) saltare da un argomento all'altro to skip from one subject to another; saltare all'ultima pagina to jump to the last page9 (aus. avere) sport saltare in alto, in lungo to do the high, long jump; saltare con l'asta to pole vault10 saltare fuori (venire fuori) [verità, segreto] to come* out; [problema, questione] to come* up, to crop up; (essere ritrovato) [ oggetto] to turn up, to pop up BE colloq.; da dove salti fuori? where did you spring from? è saltato fuori che it came out that; è saltato fuori con una proposta he came out with a proposal1 to jump (over), to leap* (over), to clear, to hop (over) [fosso, ostacolo, siepe]; saltare la corda to skip BE o jump AE rope3 fig. (omettere) to skip [pagina, paragrafo]; (involontariamente) to miss (out), to leave* out [parola, riga]; (essere assente a) to skip, to miss [lezione, scuola]; (non consumare) to skip, to miss [ pasto]; saltare il (proprio) turno gioc. to miss one's turn4 gastr. to sautésaltare agli occhi di qcn. (essere evidente) to leap at sb.; non saltare alle conclusioni! don't jump o leap to conclusions! fare saltare i nervi a qcn. to drive sb. up the wall; saltare il fosso to take the plunge; saltare addosso a qcn. (aggredire fisicamente) to jump sb.; (assalire verbalmente) to jump on sb.; che ti salta in mente? what's the big idea? -
43 tueor
tŭĕor, tuĭtus, 2 ( perf. only post-Aug., Quint. 5, 13, 35; Plin. Ep. 6, 29, 10; collat. form tūtus, in the part., rare, Sall. J. 74, 3; Front. Strat. 2, 12, 13; but constantly in the P. a.; inf. parag. tuerier, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35; collat. form acc. to the 3d conj. tŭor, Cat. 20, 5; Stat. Th. 3, 151:I.tuĕris,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 82:tuimur,
Lucr. 1, 300; 4, 224; 4, 449;6, 934: tuamur,
id. 4, 361:tuantur,
id. 4, 1004; imper. tuĕre, id. 5, 318), v. dep. a. [etym. dub.], orig., to see, to look or gaze upon, to watch, view; hence, pregn., to see or look to, to defend, protect, etc.: tueri duo significat; unum ab aspectu, unde est Ennii illud: tueor te senex? pro Juppiter! (Trag. v. 225 Vahl.);alterum a curando ac tutela, ut cum dicimus bellum tueor et tueri villam,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Müll. sq.—Accordingly,To look at, gaze at, behold, watch, view, regard, consider, examine, etc. (only poet.; syn.: specto, adspicio, intueor): quam te post multis tueor tempestatibus, Pac. ap. Non. 407, 32; 414, 3:(β).e tenebris, quae sunt in luce, tuemur,
Lucr. 4, 312:ubi nil aliud nisi aquam caelumque tuentur,
id. 4, 434:caeli templa,
id. 6, 1228 al.:tuendo Terribiles oculos, vultum, etc.,
Verg. A. 8, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 713:talia dicentem jam dudum aversa tuetur,
id. ib. 4, 362:transversa tuentibus hircis,
id. E. 3, 8:acerba tuens,
looking fiercely, Lucr. 5, 33; cf. Verg. A. 9, 794:torva,
id. ib. 6, 467.—With object-clause:II.quod multa in terris fieri caeloque tuentur (homines), etc.,
Lucr. 1, 152; 6, 50; 6, 1163.—Pregn., to look to, care for, keep up, uphold, maintain, support, guard, preserve, defend, protect, etc. (the predom. class. signif. of the word; cf.:► 1.curo, conservo, tutor, protego, defendo): videte, ne... vobis turpissimum sit, id, quod accepistis, tueri et conservare non posse,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:ut quisque eis rebus tuendis conservandisque praefuerat,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, 140:omnia,
id. N. D. 2, 23, 60:mores et instituta vitae resque domesticas ac familiares,
id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:societatem conjunctionis humanae munifice et aeque,
id. Fin. 5, 23, 65:concordiam,
id. Att. 1, 17, 10: rem et gratiam et auctoritatem suam, id. Fam. 13, 49, 1:dignitatem,
id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:L. Paulus personam principis civis facile dicendo tuebatur,
id. Brut. 20, 80:personam in re publicā,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 29; cf.: tuum munus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 1:tueri et sustinere simulacrum pristinae dignitatis,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 41:aedem Castoris P. Junius habuit tuendam,
to keep in good order, id. Verr. 2, 1, 50, § 130; cf. Plin. Pan. 51, 1:Bassum ut incustoditum nimis et incautum,
id. Ep. 6, 29, 10:libertatem,
Tac. A. 3, 27; 14, 60:se, vitam corpusque tueri,
to keep, preserve, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:antea majores copias alere poterat, nunc exiguas vix tueri potest,
id. Deiot. 8, 22:se ac suos tueri,
Liv. 5, 4, 5:sex legiones (re suā),
Cic. Par. 6, 1, 45:armentum paleis,
Col. 6, 3, 3:se ceteris armis prudentiae tueri atque defendere,
to guard, protect, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 172; cf.:tuemini castra et defendite diligenter,
Caes. B. C. 3, 94:suos fines,
id. B. G. 4, 8:portus,
id. ib. 5, 8:oppidum unius legionis praesidio,
id. B. C. 2, 23:oram maritimam,
id. ib. 3, 34:impedimenta,
to cover, protect, Hirt. B. G. 8, 2.—With ab and abl.:fines suos ab excursionibus et latrociniis,
Cic. Deiot. 8, 22:domum a furibus,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 10: mare ab hostibus, Auct. B. Afr. 8, 2.—With contra:quos non parsimoniā tueri potuit contra illius audaciam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 11:liberūm nostrorum pueritiam contra inprobitatem magistratuum,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 153; Quint. 5, 13, 35; Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152; Tac. A. 6, 47 (41).—With adversus:tueri se adversus Romanos,
Liv. 25, 11, 7:nostra adversus vim atque injuriam,
id. 7, 31, 3:adversus Philippum tueri Athenas,
id. 31, 9, 3; 42, 46, 9; 42, 23, 6:arcem adversus tres cohortes tueri,
Tac. H. 3, 78; Just. 17, 3, 22; 43, 3, 4.—In part. perf.:Verres fortiter et industrie tuitus contra piratas Siciliam dicitur,
Quint. 5, 13, 35 (al. tutatus):Numidas in omnibus proeliis magis pedes quam arma tuta sunt,
Sall. J. 74, 3.Act. form tŭĕo, ēre:2.censores vectigalia tuento,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:ROGO PER SVPEROS, QVI ESTIS, OSSA MEA TVEATIS,
Inscr. Orell. 4788.—tŭĕor, ēri, in pass. signif.:A.majores nostri in pace a rusticis Romanis alebantur et in bello ab his tuebantur,
Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 4; Lucr. 4, 361:consilio et operā curatoris tueri debet non solum patrimonium, sed et corpus et salus furiosi,
Dig. 27, 10, 7:voluntas testatoris ex bono et aequo tuebitur,
ib. 28, 3, 17.—Hence, tūtus, a, um, P. a. (prop. well seen to or guarded; hence), safe, secure, out of danger (cf. securus, free from fear).Lit.(α).Absol.:(β).nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta... contra tuam cupiditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39:cum victis nihil tutum arbitrarentur,
Caes. B. G. 2, 28:nec se satis tutum fore arbitratur,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 27; cf.:me biremis praesidio scaphae Tutum per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 63; Ov. M. 8, 368:tutus bos rura perambulat,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 17:quis locus tam firmum habuit praesidium, ut tutus esset?
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31:mare tutum praestare,
id. Fl. 13, 31:sic existimabat tutissimam fore Galliam,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 54:nemus,
Hor. C. 1, 17, 5:via fugae,
Cic. Caecin. 15, 44; cf.:commodior ac tutior receptus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:perfugium,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 8:tutum iter et patens,
Hor. C. 3, 16, 7:tutissima custodia,
Liv. 31, 23, 9:praesidio nostro pasci genus esseque tutum,
Lucr. 5, 874:vitam consistere tutam,
id. 6, 11:tutiorem et opulentiorem vitam hominum reddere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: est et fideli tuta silentio Merces, secure, sure (diff. from certa, definite, certain), Hor. C. 3, 2, 25:tutior at quanto merx est in classe secundā!
id. S. 1, 2, 47:non est tua tuta voluntas,
not without danger, Ov. M. 2, 53:in audaces non est audacia tuta,
id. ib. 10, 544:externā vi non tutus modo rex, sed invictus,
Curt. 6, 7, 1:vel tutioris audentiae est,
Quint. 12, prooem. §4: cogitatio tutior,
id. 10, 7, 19:fuit brevitas illa tutissima,
id. 10, 1, 39:regnum et diadema tutum Deferens uni,
i. e. that cannot be taken away, Hor. C. 2, 2, 21: male tutae mentis Orestes, i. e. unsound, = male sanae, id. S. 2, 3, 137: quicquid habes, age, Depone tutis auribus, qs. carefully guarded, i. e. safe, faithful, id. C. 1, 27, 18 (cf. the opp.: auris rimosa, id. S. 2, 6, 46).— Poet., with gen.:(pars ratium) tuta fugae,
Luc. 9, 346.—With ab and abl.: tutus ab insidiis inimici, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 2:(γ).ab insidiis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 117:a periculo,
Caes. B. G. 7, 14:ab hoste,
Ov. H. 11, 44:ab hospite,
id. M. 1, 144:a conjuge,
id. ib. 8, 316:a ferro,
id. ib. 13, 498:a bello, id. H. (15) 16, 344: ab omni injuriā,
Phaedr. 1, 31, 9.—With ad and acc.:(δ).turrim tuendam ad omnis repentinos casus tradidit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 39:ad id, quod ne timeatur fortuna facit, minime tuti sunt homines,
Liv. 25, 38, 14:testudinem tutam ad omnes ictus video esse,
id. 36, 32, 6.—With adversus:(ε).adversus venenorum pericula tutum corpus suum reddere,
Cels. 5, 23, 3:quo tutiores essent adversus ictus sagittarum,
Curt. 7, 9, 2:loci beneficio adversus intemperiem anni tutus est,
Sen. Ira, 2, 12, 1:per quem tutior adversus casus steti,
Val. Max. 4, 7, ext. 2:quorum praesidio tutus adversus hostes esse debuerat,
Just. 10, 1, 7.—With abl.: incendio fere tuta est Alexandria, Auct. B. Alex. 1, 3.—b.Tutum est, with a subj. -clause, it is prudent or safe, it is the part of a prudent man:2.si dicere palam parum tutum est,
Quint. 9, 2, 66; 8, 3, 47; 10, 3, 33:o nullis tutum credere blanditiis,
Prop. 1, 15, 42:tutius esse arbitrabantur, obsessis viis, commeatu intercluso sine ullo vulnere victoriā potiri,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24; Quint. 7, 1, 36; 11, 2, 48:nobis tutissimum est, auctores plurimos sequi,
id. 3, 4, 11; 3, 6, 63.—As subst.: tūtum, i, n., a place of safety, a shelter, safety, security: Tr. Circumspice dum, numquis est, Sermonem nostrum qui aucupet. Th. Tutum probe est, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 42:B.tuta et parvula laudo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 42:trepidum et tuta petentem Trux aper insequitur,
Ov. M. 10, 714:in tuto ut collocetur,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 11:esse in tuto,
id. ib. 4, 3, 30:ut sitis in tuto,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3:in tutum eduxi manipulares meos,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 7:in tutum receptus est,
Liv. 2, 19, 6.—Transf., watchful, careful, cautious, prudent (rare and not ante-Aug.;a.syn.: cautus, prudens): serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellae,
Hor. A. P. 28:tutus et intra Spem veniae cautus,
id. ib. 266:non nisi vicinas tutus ararit aquas,
Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 36:id suā sponte, apparebat, tuta celeribus consiliis praepositurum,
Liv. 22, 38, 13:celeriora quam tutiora consilia magis placuere ducibus,
id. 9, 32, 3.—Hence, adv. in two forms, tūtē and tūtō, safely, securely, in safety, without danger.Posit.(α).Form tute (very rare):(β).crede huic tute,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 102:eum tute vivere, qui honeste vivat,
Auct. Her. 3, 5, 9:tute cauteque agere,
id. ib. 3, 7, 13.—Form tuto (class. in prose and poetry):b.pervenire,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70; Lucr. 1, 179:dimicare,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:tuto et libere decernere,
id. B. C. 1, 2:ut tuto sim,
in security, Cic. Fam. 14, 3, 3:ut tuto ab repentino hostium incursu etiam singuli commeare possent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 36. —Comp.:c.ut in vadis consisterent tutius,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13:tutius et facilius receptus daretur,
id. B. C. 2, 30:tutius ac facilius id tractatur,
Quint. 5, 5, 1:usitatis tutius utimur,
id. 1, 5, 71:ut ubivis tutius quam in meo regno essem,
Sall. J. 14, 11.—Sup.(α).Form tutissime: nam te hic tutissime puto fore, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 11, A.—(β).Form tutissimo:quaerere, ubi tutissimo essem,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2; cf. Charis. p. 173 P.:tutissimo infunduntur oboli quattuor,
Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 14. -
44 tutum
tŭĕor, tuĭtus, 2 ( perf. only post-Aug., Quint. 5, 13, 35; Plin. Ep. 6, 29, 10; collat. form tūtus, in the part., rare, Sall. J. 74, 3; Front. Strat. 2, 12, 13; but constantly in the P. a.; inf. parag. tuerier, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 35; collat. form acc. to the 3d conj. tŭor, Cat. 20, 5; Stat. Th. 3, 151:I.tuĕris,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 82:tuimur,
Lucr. 1, 300; 4, 224; 4, 449;6, 934: tuamur,
id. 4, 361:tuantur,
id. 4, 1004; imper. tuĕre, id. 5, 318), v. dep. a. [etym. dub.], orig., to see, to look or gaze upon, to watch, view; hence, pregn., to see or look to, to defend, protect, etc.: tueri duo significat; unum ab aspectu, unde est Ennii illud: tueor te senex? pro Juppiter! (Trag. v. 225 Vahl.);alterum a curando ac tutela, ut cum dicimus bellum tueor et tueri villam,
Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Müll. sq.—Accordingly,To look at, gaze at, behold, watch, view, regard, consider, examine, etc. (only poet.; syn.: specto, adspicio, intueor): quam te post multis tueor tempestatibus, Pac. ap. Non. 407, 32; 414, 3:(β).e tenebris, quae sunt in luce, tuemur,
Lucr. 4, 312:ubi nil aliud nisi aquam caelumque tuentur,
id. 4, 434:caeli templa,
id. 6, 1228 al.:tuendo Terribiles oculos, vultum, etc.,
Verg. A. 8, 265; cf. id. ib. 1, 713:talia dicentem jam dudum aversa tuetur,
id. ib. 4, 362:transversa tuentibus hircis,
id. E. 3, 8:acerba tuens,
looking fiercely, Lucr. 5, 33; cf. Verg. A. 9, 794:torva,
id. ib. 6, 467.—With object-clause:II.quod multa in terris fieri caeloque tuentur (homines), etc.,
Lucr. 1, 152; 6, 50; 6, 1163.—Pregn., to look to, care for, keep up, uphold, maintain, support, guard, preserve, defend, protect, etc. (the predom. class. signif. of the word; cf.:► 1.curo, conservo, tutor, protego, defendo): videte, ne... vobis turpissimum sit, id, quod accepistis, tueri et conservare non posse,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 12:ut quisque eis rebus tuendis conservandisque praefuerat,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 63, 140:omnia,
id. N. D. 2, 23, 60:mores et instituta vitae resque domesticas ac familiares,
id. Tusc. 1, 1, 2:societatem conjunctionis humanae munifice et aeque,
id. Fin. 5, 23, 65:concordiam,
id. Att. 1, 17, 10: rem et gratiam et auctoritatem suam, id. Fam. 13, 49, 1:dignitatem,
id. Tusc. 2, 21, 48:L. Paulus personam principis civis facile dicendo tuebatur,
id. Brut. 20, 80:personam in re publicā,
id. Phil. 8, 10, 29; cf.: tuum munus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 11, 1:tueri et sustinere simulacrum pristinae dignitatis,
Cic. Rab. Post. 15, 41:aedem Castoris P. Junius habuit tuendam,
to keep in good order, id. Verr. 2, 1, 50, § 130; cf. Plin. Pan. 51, 1:Bassum ut incustoditum nimis et incautum,
id. Ep. 6, 29, 10:libertatem,
Tac. A. 3, 27; 14, 60:se, vitam corpusque tueri,
to keep, preserve, Cic. Off. 1, 4, 11:antea majores copias alere poterat, nunc exiguas vix tueri potest,
id. Deiot. 8, 22:se ac suos tueri,
Liv. 5, 4, 5:sex legiones (re suā),
Cic. Par. 6, 1, 45:armentum paleis,
Col. 6, 3, 3:se ceteris armis prudentiae tueri atque defendere,
to guard, protect, Cic. de Or. 1, 38, 172; cf.:tuemini castra et defendite diligenter,
Caes. B. C. 3, 94:suos fines,
id. B. G. 4, 8:portus,
id. ib. 5, 8:oppidum unius legionis praesidio,
id. B. C. 2, 23:oram maritimam,
id. ib. 3, 34:impedimenta,
to cover, protect, Hirt. B. G. 8, 2.—With ab and abl.:fines suos ab excursionibus et latrociniis,
Cic. Deiot. 8, 22:domum a furibus,
Phaedr. 3, 7, 10: mare ab hostibus, Auct. B. Afr. 8, 2.—With contra:quos non parsimoniā tueri potuit contra illius audaciam,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 5, 11:liberūm nostrorum pueritiam contra inprobitatem magistratuum,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 58, § 153; Quint. 5, 13, 35; Plin. 20, 14, 54, § 152; Tac. A. 6, 47 (41).—With adversus:tueri se adversus Romanos,
Liv. 25, 11, 7:nostra adversus vim atque injuriam,
id. 7, 31, 3:adversus Philippum tueri Athenas,
id. 31, 9, 3; 42, 46, 9; 42, 23, 6:arcem adversus tres cohortes tueri,
Tac. H. 3, 78; Just. 17, 3, 22; 43, 3, 4.—In part. perf.:Verres fortiter et industrie tuitus contra piratas Siciliam dicitur,
Quint. 5, 13, 35 (al. tutatus):Numidas in omnibus proeliis magis pedes quam arma tuta sunt,
Sall. J. 74, 3.Act. form tŭĕo, ēre:2.censores vectigalia tuento,
Cic. Leg. 3, 3, 7:ROGO PER SVPEROS, QVI ESTIS, OSSA MEA TVEATIS,
Inscr. Orell. 4788.—tŭĕor, ēri, in pass. signif.:A.majores nostri in pace a rusticis Romanis alebantur et in bello ab his tuebantur,
Varr. R. R. 3, 1, 4; Lucr. 4, 361:consilio et operā curatoris tueri debet non solum patrimonium, sed et corpus et salus furiosi,
Dig. 27, 10, 7:voluntas testatoris ex bono et aequo tuebitur,
ib. 28, 3, 17.—Hence, tūtus, a, um, P. a. (prop. well seen to or guarded; hence), safe, secure, out of danger (cf. securus, free from fear).Lit.(α).Absol.:(β).nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta... contra tuam cupiditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39:cum victis nihil tutum arbitrarentur,
Caes. B. G. 2, 28:nec se satis tutum fore arbitratur,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 27; cf.:me biremis praesidio scaphae Tutum per Aegaeos tumultus Aura feret,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 63; Ov. M. 8, 368:tutus bos rura perambulat,
Hor. C. 4, 5, 17:quis locus tam firmum habuit praesidium, ut tutus esset?
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31:mare tutum praestare,
id. Fl. 13, 31:sic existimabat tutissimam fore Galliam,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 54:nemus,
Hor. C. 1, 17, 5:via fugae,
Cic. Caecin. 15, 44; cf.:commodior ac tutior receptus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:perfugium,
Cic. Rep. 1, 4, 8:tutum iter et patens,
Hor. C. 3, 16, 7:tutissima custodia,
Liv. 31, 23, 9:praesidio nostro pasci genus esseque tutum,
Lucr. 5, 874:vitam consistere tutam,
id. 6, 11:tutiorem et opulentiorem vitam hominum reddere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 2, 3: est et fideli tuta silentio Merces, secure, sure (diff. from certa, definite, certain), Hor. C. 3, 2, 25:tutior at quanto merx est in classe secundā!
id. S. 1, 2, 47:non est tua tuta voluntas,
not without danger, Ov. M. 2, 53:in audaces non est audacia tuta,
id. ib. 10, 544:externā vi non tutus modo rex, sed invictus,
Curt. 6, 7, 1:vel tutioris audentiae est,
Quint. 12, prooem. §4: cogitatio tutior,
id. 10, 7, 19:fuit brevitas illa tutissima,
id. 10, 1, 39:regnum et diadema tutum Deferens uni,
i. e. that cannot be taken away, Hor. C. 2, 2, 21: male tutae mentis Orestes, i. e. unsound, = male sanae, id. S. 2, 3, 137: quicquid habes, age, Depone tutis auribus, qs. carefully guarded, i. e. safe, faithful, id. C. 1, 27, 18 (cf. the opp.: auris rimosa, id. S. 2, 6, 46).— Poet., with gen.:(pars ratium) tuta fugae,
Luc. 9, 346.—With ab and abl.: tutus ab insidiis inimici, Asin. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 31, 2:(γ).ab insidiis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 117:a periculo,
Caes. B. G. 7, 14:ab hoste,
Ov. H. 11, 44:ab hospite,
id. M. 1, 144:a conjuge,
id. ib. 8, 316:a ferro,
id. ib. 13, 498:a bello, id. H. (15) 16, 344: ab omni injuriā,
Phaedr. 1, 31, 9.—With ad and acc.:(δ).turrim tuendam ad omnis repentinos casus tradidit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 39:ad id, quod ne timeatur fortuna facit, minime tuti sunt homines,
Liv. 25, 38, 14:testudinem tutam ad omnes ictus video esse,
id. 36, 32, 6.—With adversus:(ε).adversus venenorum pericula tutum corpus suum reddere,
Cels. 5, 23, 3:quo tutiores essent adversus ictus sagittarum,
Curt. 7, 9, 2:loci beneficio adversus intemperiem anni tutus est,
Sen. Ira, 2, 12, 1:per quem tutior adversus casus steti,
Val. Max. 4, 7, ext. 2:quorum praesidio tutus adversus hostes esse debuerat,
Just. 10, 1, 7.—With abl.: incendio fere tuta est Alexandria, Auct. B. Alex. 1, 3.—b.Tutum est, with a subj. -clause, it is prudent or safe, it is the part of a prudent man:2.si dicere palam parum tutum est,
Quint. 9, 2, 66; 8, 3, 47; 10, 3, 33:o nullis tutum credere blanditiis,
Prop. 1, 15, 42:tutius esse arbitrabantur, obsessis viis, commeatu intercluso sine ullo vulnere victoriā potiri,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24; Quint. 7, 1, 36; 11, 2, 48:nobis tutissimum est, auctores plurimos sequi,
id. 3, 4, 11; 3, 6, 63.—As subst.: tūtum, i, n., a place of safety, a shelter, safety, security: Tr. Circumspice dum, numquis est, Sermonem nostrum qui aucupet. Th. Tutum probe est, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 42:B.tuta et parvula laudo,
Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 42:trepidum et tuta petentem Trux aper insequitur,
Ov. M. 10, 714:in tuto ut collocetur,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 11:esse in tuto,
id. ib. 4, 3, 30:ut sitis in tuto,
Cic. Fam. 12, 2, 3:in tutum eduxi manipulares meos,
Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 7:in tutum receptus est,
Liv. 2, 19, 6.—Transf., watchful, careful, cautious, prudent (rare and not ante-Aug.;a.syn.: cautus, prudens): serpit humi tutus nimium timidusque procellae,
Hor. A. P. 28:tutus et intra Spem veniae cautus,
id. ib. 266:non nisi vicinas tutus ararit aquas,
Ov. Tr. 3, 12, 36:id suā sponte, apparebat, tuta celeribus consiliis praepositurum,
Liv. 22, 38, 13:celeriora quam tutiora consilia magis placuere ducibus,
id. 9, 32, 3.—Hence, adv. in two forms, tūtē and tūtō, safely, securely, in safety, without danger.Posit.(α).Form tute (very rare):(β).crede huic tute,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 102:eum tute vivere, qui honeste vivat,
Auct. Her. 3, 5, 9:tute cauteque agere,
id. ib. 3, 7, 13.—Form tuto (class. in prose and poetry):b.pervenire,
Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 70; Lucr. 1, 179:dimicare,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:tuto et libere decernere,
id. B. C. 1, 2:ut tuto sim,
in security, Cic. Fam. 14, 3, 3:ut tuto ab repentino hostium incursu etiam singuli commeare possent,
Caes. B. G. 7, 36. —Comp.:c.ut in vadis consisterent tutius,
Caes. B. G. 3, 13:tutius et facilius receptus daretur,
id. B. C. 2, 30:tutius ac facilius id tractatur,
Quint. 5, 5, 1:usitatis tutius utimur,
id. 1, 5, 71:ut ubivis tutius quam in meo regno essem,
Sall. J. 14, 11.—Sup.(α).Form tutissime: nam te hic tutissime puto fore, Pomp. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 11, A.—(β).Form tutissimo:quaerere, ubi tutissimo essem,
Cic. Att. 8, 1, 2; cf. Charis. p. 173 P.:tutissimo infunduntur oboli quattuor,
Plin. 20, 3, 8, § 14. -
45 conseil
conseil [kɔ̃sεj]1. masculine nouna. ( = recommandation) piece of advice• il est de bon conseil he gives good or sound adviceb. ( = profession) consultancy• cabinet or société de conseil firm of consultantsc. ( = personne) consultant (en in)• conseil juridique legal consultant or adviser• conseil en communication communications or media consultantd. ( = assemblée) board2. compounds► conseil d'administration [de société anonyme] board of directors ; [d'hôpital, école] board of governors━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━In France, the « Conseil constitutionnel » is an official body that ensures that the constitution is respected in matters of legislation and during elections. The « Conseil d'État » examines bills before they are submitted to the « Conseil des ministres », a weekly meeting which some or all ministers attend. → ARRONDISSEMENT COMMUNE DÉPARTEMENT RÉGION━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━Each « département » of France is run by a Conseil général, whose remit covers transport, housing, secondary schools, social welfare, and cultural and economic development. The council is made up of « conseillers généraux », each of whom represents a « canton » and is elected for a six-year term. Half of the council's members are elected every three years.* * *kɔ̃sɛjnom masculin1) ( avis) advice [U]quelques conseils de prudence — a few words of caution ou warning
2) ( assemblée) council3) ( conseiller) consultant•Phrasal Verbs:* * *kɔ̃sɛj1. nm1) (= avis) piece of advice, advice no pldonner un conseil à qn — to give sb some advice, to give sb a piece of advice
demander conseil à qn — to ask sb's advice, to ask sb for advice
Est-ce que je peux te demander conseil? — Can I ask your advice?, Can I ask you for some advice?
2) (= assemblée) council3) (= expert) consultant2. adj* * *conseil nm1 ( avis) advice ¢; un conseil a piece of advice; des conseils some advice; beaucoup de conseils a lot of advice; donner un conseil à qn to give sb advice; demander conseil à qn to ask (for) sb's advice; suivre/écouter les conseils de qn to follow/to listen to sb's advice; un petit conseil a little piece of advice; un bon conseil a piece of good advice; conseil d'ami piece of friendly advice; un conseil gratuit a piece of free advice; quelques conseils de prudence a few words of caution ou warning; sur les conseils de qn on sb's advice; donner à qn le conseil de faire to advise sb to do; il est de bon conseil he always gives good advice; conseils d'entretien cleaning ou care instructions; ⇒ nuit;3 ( conseiller) consultant; conseil en gestion management consultant.conseil d'administration Entr board of directors; conseil de classe Scol staff meeting (for all those teaching a given class); conseil de discipline Admin, Mil, Scol disciplinary committee; conseil de famille Jur Board of Guardians; ( non officiel) family meeting ou gathering; conseil général Pol council of a French department; conseil de guerre Mil council of war; conseil des ministres Pol gén council of ministers; ( au Royaume-Uni) Cabinet meeting; conseil municipal Pol town council; conseil régional Pol regional council; conseil de révision Mil medical board (assessing fitness for military service); conseil de surveillance Entr supervisory board; conseil d'université Univ senate; Conseil constitutionnel Jur Constitutional Council; Conseil économique et social Pol Economic and Social Council; Conseil d'État Pol Council of State (advising government on administrative matters); Conseil de l'Europe, CE Pol Council of Europe; Conseil de sécurité (de l'ONU) Pol (UN) Security Council; Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel, CSA Radio, TV body which monitors broadcasting; Conseil supérieur de la langue française body responsible for the regulation and advancement of the French language; Conseil supérieur de la magistrature, CSM Jur High Council for the Judiciary.ⓘ Conseil supérieur de l'audiovisuel The body which appoints the heads of the public broadcasting systems, licenses private contractors, monitors advertising and oversees all matters concerning impartiality, freedom of speech, quality and the promotion of French language and culture in the broadcast media.[kɔ̃sɛj] nom masculina. [d'ami] adviceb. [trucs] tips, hintsagir sur/suivre le conseil de quelqu'un to act on/to take somebody's advicedemander conseil à quelqu'un to ask somebody's advice, to ask somebody for advice(comme adjectif; avec ou sans trait d'union)3. [assemblée] board[réunion] meetinga. [d'une société] board of directorsb. [d'une organisation internationale] governing bodyconseil de cabinet cabinet council, council of ministersle Conseil constitutionnelFrench government body ensuring that laws, elections and referenda are constitutionalle Conseil économique et social consultative body advising the government on economic and social mattersconseil général ≃ county councila. [réunion] war council ≃ War Cabinetb. [tribunal] court-martialle Conseil des ministres ≃ the Cabineta. [en ville] ≃ town council, ≃ local (urban) councilb. [à la campagne] ≃ parish council (UK), ≃ local (rural) council4. ÉDUCATION————————de bon conseil locution adjectivaleun homme de bon conseil a man of sound advice, a wise counsellordemande-lui, elle est de bon conseil ask her, she's good at giving adviceThe Conseil constitutionnel, which ensures that new laws do not contravene the constitution, has nine members appointed for a nine-year period; it also includes the surviving former Presidents of France. The President of the Republic and any member of parliament can refer laws to the Conseil Constitutionnel for scrutiny.The French Council of State acts both as the highest court to which the legal affairs of the state can be referred, and as a consultative body to which bills and rulings are submitted by the government prior to examination by the Conseil des ministres. It has 200 members.The President himself presides over the Conseil des ministres, which traditionally meets every Wednesday morning; strictly speaking, when ministers assemble in the sole presence of the Prime Minister, this is known as le Conseil du cabinet.The body responsible for the administration of a département. Members are elected for a six-year term, with one councillor per canton, and are headed by the président du conseil général.The committee body for the administration of a région. Members are elected for a six-year term and are headed by the président du conseil régional. They decide on matters of planning, construction, regional development and education.This state body advises on the appointment of members of the magistrature, and on specific points of law concerning the judiciary. It is also consulted when the president wishes to exercise his official pardon. It has ten members: the Minister of Justice and nine others appointed by the President of the Republic.The town council is elected during the municipales (local elections). Elected members, or conseillers municipaux, oversee the administration of a commune in conjunction with the mayor.Demander conseilWhat should I do? Qu'est-ce que je dois faire ?What would you do, if you were me? Qu'est-ce que tu ferais si tu étais moi ?What would you do in my place? Qu'est-ce que tu ferais à ma place ?Do you think I should tell him? Tu crois que je devrais le lui dire ?I could do with ou I need some advice. J'aurais besoin d'un conseilDonner un conseilWhy don't you (just) tell her? Pourquoi ne pas le lui dire (carrément) ?Take my advice and say nothing to her. Je te conseille de ne rien lui direIf I were you, I'd phone him. Si j'étais toi, je l'appelleraisIf you ask me, I think you should resign. Si tu veux mon avis, je pense que tu devrais démissionnerPerhaps ou Maybe you should warn him. Peut-être que tu devrais le prévenirI'd think twice about going. Je réfléchirais à deux fois avant d'y allerYou could always try writing to him. Ce serait peut-être pas mal de lui écrireIt might be better to do it yourself. Ce serait peut-être mieux que tu le fasses toi-mêmeNow listen to me: you really must go and see a doctor. Écoute, il faut absolument que tu ailles voir un médecinIf you want my advice, you'll pretend it never happened. Si tu veux mon avis, fais comme si rien ne s'était passéI hope you won't take this the wrong way, but... Ne le prends pas mal, mais...It's not really any of my business, but... Je sais que ça ne me regarde pas, mais... -
46 teneō
teneō tenuī, —, ēre [2 TA-], to hold, keep, have, grasp, hold fast: flabellulum, T.: facem, V. telum, L.: cruentum gladium: manu Fragmina, O.: Dextra tenet ferrum, O.: ore cibum, Ph.: Hanc teneo sinu, O.; cf. cum res non coniecturā, sed oculis ac manibus teneretur, i. e. was palpable. —Fig., to hold in mind, take in, understand, conceive, comprehend, know: rem tenes, you understand the situation, T.: teneo, I understand, T.: quae a Romanis auguribus ignorantur, a Cilicibus tenentur: quo pacto cuncta tenerem, H.—Implying possession or control, to hold, possess, be master of, control, occupy: multa hereditatibus tenebantur sine iniuriā: quae tenuit dives Achaemenes, H.: loca, L.: colles praesidiis, Cs.: terras, H.: alterum cornu, command, N.: provincias aliaque omnia, S.: rem p. opes paucorum tenere coeperunt, to control public affairs: ut res p. vi tribuniciā teneretur, should be mastered, cf. qui tenent (sc. rem p.), qui potiuntur, i. e. who are in supreme power: me Galatea tenebat, i. e. held my affections, V.: teneone te? i. e. are you restored to me? T.—Implying persistence, to hold fast, keep, occupy, watch, guard, defend, maintain, retain: legio locum non tenuit, Cs.: Capitolia celsa, V.: in manicis te sub custode, H.: Athenae tuae sempiternam in arce oleam tenere potuerunt.—Of a way or course, to hold, keep, maintain, follow up: secundissimo vento cursum, to hold one's course: vento intermisso cursum, Cs.: Quove tenetis iter? V.: tenuit tamen vestigia Bucar, L.: Aeneam... ab Siciliā classe ad Laurentem agrum tenuisse (sc. cursum), sailed, L.: medio tutissimus ibis... Inter utrumque tene, O.; cf. hic ventus adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, blows the wrong way, N.—Fig., to hold fast, guard, preserve, uphold, keep, insist on: consuetudinem meam: non tenebat ornatum suum civitas: ius suum: haec duo in amicitiā, etc.: imperium in suos: silentium, L. — To hold fast, maintain, support, defend, uphold, insist: illud arcte tenent, voluptatem esse summum bonum: propositum, maintain, Cs.: suas leges: quo causae teste tenentur, H.: plebs tenuit, ne consules in proximum annum crearentur, L.: tenuere patres, ut Fabius consul crearetur, L.— Of the memory, to hold, keep: tui memoriam cum summā benevolentiā, preserve a recollection of: memoriā tenetis, res esse, etc., you remember numeros memini, si verba tenerem, recollect, V.: dicta tenere, H.—Of disposition or desire, to possess, occupy, control: quae te tanta pravitas mentis tenuerit, ut, etc., has had possession of you: magna me spes tenet: nisi forte quem perniciosa libido tenet, S.: neque irā neque gratiā teneri, to be controlled: pompā, ludis, to be fascinated: ab <*>ratore iam obsessus est ac tenetur.— To hold position, maintain oneself, stay, be posted: quā abscisae rupes erant, statio paucorum armatorum tenebat, L.: tenent Danai, quā deficit ignis, V.— To hold out, hold on, last, endure, continue, maintain itself, prevail: imber per noctem totam tenuit, L.: tenet fama, lupam, etc, L.: fama tenuit, haud plus fuisse modio, L.—Implying attainment, to reach, arrive at, attain, occupy: montes Sabini petebant et pauci tenuere, L.: portum, L.: Hesperiam, O.—Fig., to reach, gain, acquire, obtain, attain: per cursum rectum regnum tenere: virtute regnum, L.: teneri res aliter non potest: causam, O.—Implying restraint, to hold fast, hold back, hinder, restrain, detain, check, control, stay: naves, quae vento tenebantur, Cs.: classem ibi tenebat, L.: si id te non tenet, advola: Marcellum ab gerundis rebus: ne diutius teneam: tene linguam, O.: pecus omne tenendum, V.: manum, H.: quo me decet usque teneri? V.: lacrimas in morte miserā: exercitum in stativis, L.—With pron reflex., to keep back, remain, stay: castris sese, Cs.: castris se pavidus tenebat, L.: a conventu se remotum domi, N.: me ab accusando, refrain.— Fig., to hold, hold back, repress, restrain, bind, fetter: iracundiam: risum: iram, Cu.: ea, quae occurrunt, keep to themselves: Sed te, ne faceres, tenuit reverentia famae, O.—Implying constraint, to bind, hold, obligate, be binding on, control: quamquam leges eum non tenent: interdicto non teneri: ut plebi scita omnes Quirites tenerent, L.: teneri alienis foederibus, L.: poenā teneri, to be liable: testibus in re perspicuā teneri, to be convicted.— Implying comprehension, to take in, comprise, comprehend, include: haec magnos formula reges tenet. H.: ut homines deorum agnatione et gente teneantur: id quod (genus officiorum) teneatur hominum societate.* * *tenere, tenui, tentus Vhold, keep; comprehend; possess; master; preserve; represent; support -
47 primo
['primo] primo (-a)1. aggin prima pagina Stampa; i suoi primi quadri — his early paintings
2) (in un ordine) firstessere primo in classifica — (squadra) to be top of the league, (disco) to be number one in the charts
sul primo scaffale in alto/in basso — on the top/bottom shelf
di prim'ordine o prima qualità — first-class, first-rate
3) (prossimo) first, nextprendi la prima (strada) a destra — take the first o next (street) on the right
4) (principale) main, principal5)per prima cosa — firstlyin primo luogo — in the first place, first of all
in un primo tempo o momento — at first
2. sm/f3. sm(gen) first, (piano) first floor Brit, second floor Am, Culin first course -
48 adspicio
a-spĭcĭo ( adsp-, Jan; asp-, others except Halm, who uses both), spexi, spectum, 3, v. a. (aspexit = aspexerit, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 25), to look to or upon a person or thing, to behold, look at, see.I.Lit., constr. in the ante - class. per. sometimes with ad; but afterwards with the acc., with a finite clause, or absol.; in eccl. Lat., with in with acc., and super with acc.(α).With ad:(γ).aspice ad me,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 38:aspicient ad me,
Vulg. Zach. 12, 10:aspicere ad terram,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 25:ad caelum,
Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 28:Aspice nunc ad sinisteram,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38 (Ritschl, spice):ad Scrofam,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. the epitaph of Pacuvius: Adulescens, tametsi properas, te hoc saxum rogat, Ut se[se] aspicias, etc., ap. Gell. 1, 24 fin. —(b With acc.: Aspice hoc sublimen candens, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 65: templum Cereris, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 2, 82: me, Pac. ap. Non. p. 470, 20: aspicite (me) religatum asperis Vinctumque saxis, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Plaut. As. 4, 1, 25:me huc aspice,
id. Am. 2, 2, 118:faciem alicujus,
id. Ps. 1, 2, 9.—In Plaut. twice with contra: aspiciam aliquem [p. 176] contra oculis, Cas. 5, 3, 2: Th. Aspicedum contra me. Tr. Aspexi. Th. Vides? Tr. Video, Most. 5, 1, 56; so,non audebat aspicere contra Deum,
Vulg. Exod. 3, 6:formam alicujus aspicere,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 25:tergum alicujus,
Vulg. Exod. 33, 8:aspicite ipsum: contuemini os, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 27:me,
Vulg. Job, 7, 8:sic obstupuerant, sic terram intuebantur, sic furtim non numquam inter se aspiciebant, etc.,
Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 13; so Vulg. Jer. 4, 23:aspicis me iratus,
Cic. Phil. 2, 30 fin.:hominis omnino aspiciendi potestatem eripere,
id. Lael. 23, 87:ut nemo eorum forum aut publicum aspicere vellet,
Liv. 9, 7, 11:aliquid rectis oculis,
Suet. Aug. 16:Aspicit hanc torvis (oculis),
Ov. M. 6, 34:aspiciunt oculis Superi mortalia justis,
id. ib. 13, 70:aliquid oculis aequis,
Verg. A. 4, 372:aspice vultus Ecce meos,
Ov. M. 2, 92 al.:horrendae aspectu,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 26:aspice nos hoc tantum,
look on us thus much only, Verg. A. 2, 690 Wagner: Aspice Felicem sibi non tibi, Romule, Sullam, poët. ap. Suet. Tib. 59.—In pass. (rare):unde aliqua pars aspici potest,
Cic. Mil. 3:pulvis procul et arma adspiciebantur,
Tac. H. 2, 68; id. G. 13:super triginta milia armatorum aspiciebantur,
id. Agr. 29; 40; id. A. 3, 45; 11, 14:Septentrionem ibi adnotatum primā tantum parte noctis adspici,
Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 185:quasi eum aspici nefas esset,
Cic. Verr. 5, 67; 5, 187; id. Har. Resp. 8:adspici humana exta nefas habetur,
Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 5.—Absol.:(δ).Vide amabo, si non, quom aspicias, os inpudens videtur,
Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 22:postquam aspexi, ilico Cognovi,
id. Heaut. 4, 1, 43.—With in with acc.:(ε).in terram aspicere,
Vulg. Psa. 101, 20; ib. Isa. 5, 30:in caelum,
ib. Matt. 14, 9.—With super with acc.:B.super castra aspicere,
Vulg. Judith, 9, 7 al. —Transf.1.a.. Of things in space, to look toward, lie toward:b.tabulatum aspiciat meridiem,
Col. 8, 8, 2:cryptoporticus non aspicere vineas, sed tangere videtur,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 29:ea pars Britanniae, quae Hiberniam aspicit,
Tac. Agr. 24:terra umidior quā Gallias, ventosior quā Noricum aspicit,
id. G. 5.—Of persons:2.nobilissimi totius Britanniae eoque in ipsis penetralibus siti nec servientium litora aspicientes,
Tac. Agr. 30.—With the access. idea of purpose (cf.: adeo, aggredior, etc.), to look upon something in order to consider or examine it; and in gen. to consider, survey, inspect (freq. in Liv.):II.hujus ut aspicerent opus admirabile,
Ov. M. 6, 14:Boeotiam atque Euboeam aspicere jussi,
Liv. 42, 37:in Boeotiā aspiciendae res,
id. 42, 67 fin.:Ap. Claudium legatum ad eas res aspiciendas componendasque senatus misit,
id. 42, 5; 26, 51; 32, 5 al.—Trop.A.In gen.: sic in oratione Crassi divitias atque ornamenta ejus ingenii per quaedam involucra perspexi;a.sed ea cum contemplari cuperem, vix aspiciendi potestas fuit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161:sic evolavit oratio, ut ejus vim atque incitationem aspexerim, vestigia ingressumque vix viderim,
observed, noticed, id. ib. 1, 35, 161:in auctorem fidei,
Vulg. Heb. 12, 2:in remunerationem,
ib. ib. 11, 26.—So esp., to examine, reflect upon, to consider, weigh, ponder (most freq. in the imperat.: aspice, see, ponder, consider, etc.).With acc.:b.Postea [tu] aspicito meum, quando ego tuum inspectavero,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 50:neque tanta (est) in rebus obscuritas, ut eas non penitus vir ingenio cernat, si modo (eas) aspexerit,
attends to them, Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 124: aspice, ait, Perseu, nostrae primordia gentis, Ov M. 5, 190.—With a finite clause.(α).In the subj.:(β).qui semel aspexit, quantum dimissa petitis Praestent, etc.,
has weighed, considered, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 96:aspiciebant, quomodo turba jactaret aes etc.,
Vulg. Marc. 12, 41:aspiciebant, ubi (Jesus) poneretur,
ib. ib. 15, 47:Quin tu illam aspice, ut placide adcubat,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 168:quin aspice, quantum Aggrediare nefas,
Ov. M. 7, 70:Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo!
Verg. E. 4, 52:Aspice, Plautus Quo pacto partes tutetur amantis ephebi, ut patris attenti... Quantus sit dossennus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 170 sqq.:Aspice, num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum,
Verg. A. 10, 481:aspice, si quid loquamur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 4 sq.:Aspice, qui coeant populi,
Verg. A. 8, 385:Qualem commendes, etiam atque etiam aspice,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 76: aspice, Quanto cum fastu, quanto molimine circumspectemus etc., id. ib. 2, 2, 92.—In the indic. (rare):B.Aspice, ut antrum Silvestris raris sparsit labrusca racemis,
Verg. E. 5, 6:Aspice, ut insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis Ingreditur,
id. A. 6, 855:quantas ostentant, aspice, vires,
id. ib. 6, 771:Aspice, quem gloria extulerat,
id. Cat. 12, 1:aspicite, quae fecit nobiscum,
Vulg. Tob. 13, 6.—Also, to take into consideration, to have in view:si genus aspicitur, Saturnum prima parentem Feci,
Ov. F. 6, 29.—Esp.1.To look upon with respect, admiration:2.erat in classe Chabrias privatus, sed eum magis milites quam qui praeerant, aspiciebant,
Nep. Chabr. 4, 1.—Aliquem, to look one boldly in the face, to meet his glance:3.Lacedaemonii, quos nemo Boeotiorum ausus fuit aspicere in acie,
Nep. Epam. 8, 3 (cf. supra, I., the passage from Suet. Aug. 16). —Lumen aspicere, to see the light for to live:4.odi celebritatem, fugio homines, lucem aspicere vix possum,
Cic. Att. 3, 7; id. Brut. 3, 12; cf. the foll. number fin. —Ad inchoative (as in addubito, addormio, aduro, etc.), to get a sight of, to see, perceive, descry:perii, si me aspexerit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164:forte unam aspicio adulescentulam,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 91; id. Ad. 3, 3, 19:respexit et equum alacrem laetus aspexit,
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73; so id. Har. Resp. 1, 2:tum vero Phaëthon cunctis e partibus orbem Aspicit accensum,
Ov. M. 2, 228; 7, 651:aspicit hanc visamque vocat,
id. ib. 2, 443; 2, 714; 3, 69; 3, 356; 3, 486; 7, 384;7, 791 et saep.: Quem simul aspexit scabrum intonsumque,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 90.—Hence trop.: lumen aspicere, to see the light for to be born:ut propter quos hanc suavissimam lucem aspexerit, eos indignissime luce privārit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22 fin.; cf. supra, II. B. 3. -
49 aspicio
a-spĭcĭo ( adsp-, Jan; asp-, others except Halm, who uses both), spexi, spectum, 3, v. a. (aspexit = aspexerit, Plaut. As. 4, 1, 25), to look to or upon a person or thing, to behold, look at, see.I.Lit., constr. in the ante - class. per. sometimes with ad; but afterwards with the acc., with a finite clause, or absol.; in eccl. Lat., with in with acc., and super with acc.(α).With ad:(γ).aspice ad me,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 38:aspicient ad me,
Vulg. Zach. 12, 10:aspicere ad terram,
Plaut. Cist. 4, 2, 25:ad caelum,
Vulg. 2 Macc. 7, 28:Aspice nunc ad sinisteram,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 38 (Ritschl, spice):ad Scrofam,
Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 26; cf. the epitaph of Pacuvius: Adulescens, tametsi properas, te hoc saxum rogat, Ut se[se] aspicias, etc., ap. Gell. 1, 24 fin. —(b With acc.: Aspice hoc sublimen candens, Enn. ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 25, 65: templum Cereris, id. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, 2, 82: me, Pac. ap. Non. p. 470, 20: aspicite (me) religatum asperis Vinctumque saxis, Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 10, 23; Plaut. As. 4, 1, 25:me huc aspice,
id. Am. 2, 2, 118:faciem alicujus,
id. Ps. 1, 2, 9.—In Plaut. twice with contra: aspiciam aliquem [p. 176] contra oculis, Cas. 5, 3, 2: Th. Aspicedum contra me. Tr. Aspexi. Th. Vides? Tr. Video, Most. 5, 1, 56; so,non audebat aspicere contra Deum,
Vulg. Exod. 3, 6:formam alicujus aspicere,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 5, 25:tergum alicujus,
Vulg. Exod. 33, 8:aspicite ipsum: contuemini os, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 27:me,
Vulg. Job, 7, 8:sic obstupuerant, sic terram intuebantur, sic furtim non numquam inter se aspiciebant, etc.,
Cic. Cat. 3, 5, 13; so Vulg. Jer. 4, 23:aspicis me iratus,
Cic. Phil. 2, 30 fin.:hominis omnino aspiciendi potestatem eripere,
id. Lael. 23, 87:ut nemo eorum forum aut publicum aspicere vellet,
Liv. 9, 7, 11:aliquid rectis oculis,
Suet. Aug. 16:Aspicit hanc torvis (oculis),
Ov. M. 6, 34:aspiciunt oculis Superi mortalia justis,
id. ib. 13, 70:aliquid oculis aequis,
Verg. A. 4, 372:aspice vultus Ecce meos,
Ov. M. 2, 92 al.:horrendae aspectu,
Hor. S. 1, 8, 26:aspice nos hoc tantum,
look on us thus much only, Verg. A. 2, 690 Wagner: Aspice Felicem sibi non tibi, Romule, Sullam, poët. ap. Suet. Tib. 59.—In pass. (rare):unde aliqua pars aspici potest,
Cic. Mil. 3:pulvis procul et arma adspiciebantur,
Tac. H. 2, 68; id. G. 13:super triginta milia armatorum aspiciebantur,
id. Agr. 29; 40; id. A. 3, 45; 11, 14:Septentrionem ibi adnotatum primā tantum parte noctis adspici,
Plin. 2, 73, 75, § 185:quasi eum aspici nefas esset,
Cic. Verr. 5, 67; 5, 187; id. Har. Resp. 8:adspici humana exta nefas habetur,
Plin. 28, 1, 2, § 5.—Absol.:(δ).Vide amabo, si non, quom aspicias, os inpudens videtur,
Ter. Eun. 5, 1, 22:postquam aspexi, ilico Cognovi,
id. Heaut. 4, 1, 43.—With in with acc.:(ε).in terram aspicere,
Vulg. Psa. 101, 20; ib. Isa. 5, 30:in caelum,
ib. Matt. 14, 9.—With super with acc.:B.super castra aspicere,
Vulg. Judith, 9, 7 al. —Transf.1.a.. Of things in space, to look toward, lie toward:b.tabulatum aspiciat meridiem,
Col. 8, 8, 2:cryptoporticus non aspicere vineas, sed tangere videtur,
Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 29:ea pars Britanniae, quae Hiberniam aspicit,
Tac. Agr. 24:terra umidior quā Gallias, ventosior quā Noricum aspicit,
id. G. 5.—Of persons:2.nobilissimi totius Britanniae eoque in ipsis penetralibus siti nec servientium litora aspicientes,
Tac. Agr. 30.—With the access. idea of purpose (cf.: adeo, aggredior, etc.), to look upon something in order to consider or examine it; and in gen. to consider, survey, inspect (freq. in Liv.):II.hujus ut aspicerent opus admirabile,
Ov. M. 6, 14:Boeotiam atque Euboeam aspicere jussi,
Liv. 42, 37:in Boeotiā aspiciendae res,
id. 42, 67 fin.:Ap. Claudium legatum ad eas res aspiciendas componendasque senatus misit,
id. 42, 5; 26, 51; 32, 5 al.—Trop.A.In gen.: sic in oratione Crassi divitias atque ornamenta ejus ingenii per quaedam involucra perspexi;a.sed ea cum contemplari cuperem, vix aspiciendi potestas fuit,
Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161:sic evolavit oratio, ut ejus vim atque incitationem aspexerim, vestigia ingressumque vix viderim,
observed, noticed, id. ib. 1, 35, 161:in auctorem fidei,
Vulg. Heb. 12, 2:in remunerationem,
ib. ib. 11, 26.—So esp., to examine, reflect upon, to consider, weigh, ponder (most freq. in the imperat.: aspice, see, ponder, consider, etc.).With acc.:b.Postea [tu] aspicito meum, quando ego tuum inspectavero,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 50:neque tanta (est) in rebus obscuritas, ut eas non penitus vir ingenio cernat, si modo (eas) aspexerit,
attends to them, Cic. de Or. 3, 31, 124: aspice, ait, Perseu, nostrae primordia gentis, Ov M. 5, 190.—With a finite clause.(α).In the subj.:(β).qui semel aspexit, quantum dimissa petitis Praestent, etc.,
has weighed, considered, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 96:aspiciebant, quomodo turba jactaret aes etc.,
Vulg. Marc. 12, 41:aspiciebant, ubi (Jesus) poneretur,
ib. ib. 15, 47:Quin tu illam aspice, ut placide adcubat,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 168:quin aspice, quantum Aggrediare nefas,
Ov. M. 7, 70:Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo!
Verg. E. 4, 52:Aspice, Plautus Quo pacto partes tutetur amantis ephebi, ut patris attenti... Quantus sit dossennus,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 170 sqq.:Aspice, num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum,
Verg. A. 10, 481:aspice, si quid loquamur,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 4 sq.:Aspice, qui coeant populi,
Verg. A. 8, 385:Qualem commendes, etiam atque etiam aspice,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 76: aspice, Quanto cum fastu, quanto molimine circumspectemus etc., id. ib. 2, 2, 92.—In the indic. (rare):B.Aspice, ut antrum Silvestris raris sparsit labrusca racemis,
Verg. E. 5, 6:Aspice, ut insignis spoliis Marcellus opimis Ingreditur,
id. A. 6, 855:quantas ostentant, aspice, vires,
id. ib. 6, 771:Aspice, quem gloria extulerat,
id. Cat. 12, 1:aspicite, quae fecit nobiscum,
Vulg. Tob. 13, 6.—Also, to take into consideration, to have in view:si genus aspicitur, Saturnum prima parentem Feci,
Ov. F. 6, 29.—Esp.1.To look upon with respect, admiration:2.erat in classe Chabrias privatus, sed eum magis milites quam qui praeerant, aspiciebant,
Nep. Chabr. 4, 1.—Aliquem, to look one boldly in the face, to meet his glance:3.Lacedaemonii, quos nemo Boeotiorum ausus fuit aspicere in acie,
Nep. Epam. 8, 3 (cf. supra, I., the passage from Suet. Aug. 16). —Lumen aspicere, to see the light for to live:4.odi celebritatem, fugio homines, lucem aspicere vix possum,
Cic. Att. 3, 7; id. Brut. 3, 12; cf. the foll. number fin. —Ad inchoative (as in addubito, addormio, aduro, etc.), to get a sight of, to see, perceive, descry:perii, si me aspexerit,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 164:forte unam aspicio adulescentulam,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 91; id. Ad. 3, 3, 19:respexit et equum alacrem laetus aspexit,
Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73; so id. Har. Resp. 1, 2:tum vero Phaëthon cunctis e partibus orbem Aspicit accensum,
Ov. M. 2, 228; 7, 651:aspicit hanc visamque vocat,
id. ib. 2, 443; 2, 714; 3, 69; 3, 356; 3, 486; 7, 384;7, 791 et saep.: Quem simul aspexit scabrum intonsumque,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 90.—Hence trop.: lumen aspicere, to see the light for to be born:ut propter quos hanc suavissimam lucem aspexerit, eos indignissime luce privārit,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 22 fin.; cf. supra, II. B. 3. -
50 decerno
dē-cerno, crēvi, crētum, 3 (the syncop. forms decreram, etc., decrerim, etc., decresse are freq. in Cicero and Liv., also Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 25; Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 73; 2, 1, 15, but not in Caes., where is only decreverat, B. G. 4, 17; 5, 5 fin.; 5, 53, 2), v. a. and n.I.(acc. to cerno, no. II. 3.) To decide, determine any thing disputed or doubtful. For syn. cf.: scisco, jubeo, statuo, constituo, dico, sancio, consilium capio, destino, obstino, definio, determino.A.Prop., of a judge, magistrate, etc., to pronounce a decision respecting something; to decide, judge, determine, decree; to vote for any thing (very freq. and class.).—Const. with acc., with acc. et inf., a relat. clause, with de, or absol.:2.alias (Verres praetor) revocabat eos, inter quos jam decreverat decretumque mutabat, alias, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 46:si quod est admissum facinus, si caedes facta, idem (Druides) decernunt,
Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 5:consules de consilii sententia decreverunt secundum Buthrotios,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, C, § 11: decernere vindicias secundum servitutem, in favor of slavery, i. e. restore the slave to his master, Liv. 3, 47, 5; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 4:cum senatus triumphum Africano decerneret,
id. Fin. 4, 9, 22; cf.of a single senator: non decrevi solum, sed etiam ut vos decerneretis laboravi,
id. Prov. Cons. 11, 28;so supplicationem decernere,
id. Fam. 15, 4, 11;so also: Crassus tres legatos decernit,
id. ib. 1, 1, 3:D. Junius silanus supplicium sumendum decreverat,
Sall. C. 50, 4:quando id bellum senatus decrevisset, quando id bellum populus R. jussisset?
Liv. 41, 7; 42, 36; id. 5, 36; id. 26, 2:id quod senatus me auctore decrevit,
Cic. Phil. 6, 1, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 2:qui ordo decrevit invitus,
on compulsion, Cic. Phil. 1, 6, 13:Ligures ambobus consulibus decernuntur,
id. Liv. 42, 10; cf.:provinciam desponsam non decretam habere,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 15 (v. the whole passage in connection):provinciae privatis decernuntur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 6, 4 et saep.:ex annuo sumptu, qui mihi decretus esset,
Cic. Att. 7, 1, 6 et saep.:mea virtute atque diligentia perditorum hominum patefactam esse conjurationem decrevistis,
id. Cat. 4, 3: cum pontifices decressent ita;SI, etc.,
id. Att. 4, 2, 3:senatus decrevit populusque jussit, ut, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 67: in jure dicundo, ita decrevit, ut, etc., Suet. Galb. 7; cf.of individuals: Hortensii et mea et Luculli sententia... tibi decernit, ut regem reducas, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 1, 1, 3.— Impers.:in parricidas rei publicae decretum esse,
Sall. Cat. 51, 25.—Esp. of the emperor, to determine the law by deciding a case:quodcumque imperator cognoscens decrevit, legem esse constat,
Dig. 1, 4, 1, § 1; Just. Inst. 1, 2, 6.Transf., beyond the judicial sphere, to decide, determine, judge: qui nequeas nostrorum uter sit Amphitruo decernere, Plaut. fragm. ap. Non. 285, 26:B.rem dubiam decrevit vox opportune emissa,
Liv. 5, 55; cf.:primus clamor atque impetus rem decrevit,
id. 25, 41; Plin. 17, 27, 46, § 258:de his Catonis praecepta decernent,
id. 17, 22, 35, § 190:duo talenta pro re nostra ego esse decrevi satis,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 67; id. Hec. 4, 1, 27:quam decrerim me non posse diutius habere,
id. ib. 1, 2, 73:in quo omnia mea posita esse decrevi,
Cic. Fam. 2, 6, 3; id. Att. 3, 15, 7:illum decrerunt dignum, suos cui liberos committerent,
Ter. Hec. 2, 1, 15:in ejus controversiis quid decernas, non a te peto,
Cic. Fam. 13, 59: aliquem decernere hostem, to proclaim one an enemy by a formal decree, id. Phil. 11, 7, 16.— Absol.:nequeo satis decernere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 5.Milit., to decide by combat; hence (like cernere and certare), in gen., to fight, combat, contend:2.castra castris conferamus, et Samnis Romanusne imperio Italiam regant, decernamus,
Liv. 8, 23, 9; id. 1, 23, 9:in ipso illo gladiatorio vitae certamine, quod ferro decernitur,
Cic. de Or. 2, 78, 317:proelium,
id. Fam. 10, 10:pugnam,
Liv. 28, 14; cf. id. ib. 33: de bello decernere, Auct. B. Hisp. 5 fin. Oud. N. cr.:ne armis decernatur,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 5; cf.:ferro ancipiti decernunt,
Verg. A. 7, 525:and armis, ferro,
id. ib. 11, 218; 12, 282; 695 (cf. et cernere ferro, id. ib. 709):cursibus et crudo caestu,
id. G. 3, 20:cornibus inter se,
id. ib. 218:lapidibus et subselliorum fragminibus,
Suet. Ner. 26 et saep.:contra magnam vim hostium, artificio magis quam viribus, Auct. B. Afr. 14: acie,
Liv. 2, 14; Nep. Milt. 4, 4:proelio cum proditore,
Just. 13, 8, 4:classe decreturi,
Nep. Hann. 10, 4:integriore exercitu,
id. Eum. 9 fin.—Absol.:decernendi potestatem Pompeio fecit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 41; cf. Liv. 21, 41.Transf., beyond the milit. sphere:II.decernite criminibus, mox ferro decreturi,
Liv. 40, 8 fin. —So of a judicial contest:uno judicio de fortunis omnibus decernit,
Cic. Quint. 2, 6; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 29;and qui judicio decernent,
id. 12, 7, 5:de salute reipublicae,
Cic. Att. 8, 5, 2:pro mea omni fama fortunisque,
id. de Or. 2, 49:utinam meo solum capite decernerem,
id. Att. 10, 9; Caes. B. C. 1, 35, 3.With reference to one's own acts, to decide, determine on doing something; to determine, resolve on something (freq. in all periods and styles).—Constr., with inf. and with acc. and inf.:A.si tu fluctus e gurgite tollere decreris, Lucil. ap. Rufin. § 26 (p. 238 ed. Frotsch.): quicquid peperisset decreverunt tollere,
Ter. Andr. 1, 3, 14:Caesar his de causis Rhenum transire decreverat,
Caes. B. G. 4, 17 et saep.:eos me decretum est persequi mores patris,
Plaut. Asin. 1, 1, 58; id. Stich. 1, 3, 65; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 56; cf.:certum atque decretum est non dare signum,
Liv. 2, 45:reliquam aetatem a republica procul habendam decrevi,
Sall. C. 4. With ut and subjunct.:hic decernit ut miser sit,
Cic. Tusc. 3, 27, 65.—With accus.:quicquam decernere,
id. ib. —Hence, dē-crētum, i, n.(Acc. to no. I. A.) A decree, decision, ordinance of any political or judicial body (for syn. cf.:B.scitum, edictum, consilium, jus): senatus Caelium ab rep. removendum censuit. Hoc decreto eum consul senatu prohibuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 3:si qui eorum (sc. Druidum) decreto non stetit, sacrificiis interdicunt,
id. B. G. 6, 13, 5; cf. id. ib. §10: vestra responsa atque decreta evertuntur saepe dicendo,
Cic. Mur. 13 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 48:decurionum,
id. Rosc. Am. 9, 25 et saep.:Caesaris,
Vulg. Act. 17, 7.—Esp. leg. t. t., a decision of the emperor as judge, a precedent (cf. rescriptum), Gai. 1, 5; Just. Inst. 2, 15, 4.—Transf., in philos. lang. as a translation of the Gr. dogma, principle, doctrine, precept, Cic. Ac. 2, 9, 27; id. ib. § 29; cf. Sen. Ep. 94, 2 sq. and 95, 9 sq. (quis philoso, phorum) decretis suis paret? Lact. 3, 15, 3. -
51 legens
1.lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.I.A publicist's t. t.A.To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:2.ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,
Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:juste pieque legatus venio,
Liv. 1, 32:tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,
Sall. J. 21, 4:quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,
Gell. 7, 14, 8.—Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):b.quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,
what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —Beyond the official sphere:B.quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?
committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):II.eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,
Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 2, 6:istum legatum iri non arbitror,
id. ib. 10, 1, 4:ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:Dolabella me sibi legavit,
chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,
Sall. J. 28.—A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):B.Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,
Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,
Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,
id. Top. 3, 14:cui argentum omne legatum est,
Quint. 5, 10, 62:in argento legato,
id. 7, 2, 11.—Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:1.uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,
Cic. Clu. 12, 33:si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,
id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,lēgātus, i, m.A.(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:B.legatos mittere,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,
id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,
Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—(Acc. to lego, I. B.).a.An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:b.quos legatos tute tibi legasti?
Cic. Pis. 14, 33:qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,
id. Clu. 36, 99:Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,
id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:neque se ei legatum defuturum,
id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,
id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:quaestorius,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,
id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:magnitudo et splendor legati,
Liv. 38, 58, 9:in magna legatum quaere popina,
Juv. 8, 172.—Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—(β).Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:2.Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;legatus praetorius,
Tac. Agr. 7.—lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:2.legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,
Dig. 30, 116:Hortensii legata cognovi,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:reliqua legata varie dedit,
Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:legatum peto ex testamento,
Quint. 4, 2, 6:jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,
Suet. Dom. 8:cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,
Juv. 9, 62:legatorum genera sunt quattuor,
Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.oleam,
Cato, R. R. 144:nuces,
Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:herbas collibus,
Ov. M. 14, 347: flores et humi nascentia fraga, [p. 1048] Verg. E. 3, 92; cf.:roscida mala,
id. ib. 8, 38:flores in calathos,
Ov. F. 5, 218:spolia caesorum,
Liv. 5, 39:quos (montanos asparagos),
Juv. 11, 69.—Of the dead who have been burned:ossa,
Ov. H. 10, 150:homini mortuo ossa,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: ossa filii, Sen. de Ira, 2, 33, 6; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 21; Lact. de Mort. Persec. 21, 11:reliquias legerunt primores equestris ordinis,
Suet. Aug. 100. —Esp.1.To take out, pick out, extract, remove:2.quibusdam et radi ossa et legi... quae sine totius pernicie corporis haerere non poterant,
Sen. Prov. 1, 3, 2:ossa vivis,
id. ad Marc. 22, 3:ossa in capite lecta,
id. Ben. 5, 24, 3:ossa e vulneribus,
Quint. 6, 1, 30.—To pluck, strip, gather fruit from (a tree, etc.):3.oleam qui legerit,
Cato, R. R. 144, 1:ficus non erat apta legi,
Ov. F. 2, 254.—Poet.: legere fila, to wind up:4.extrema Lauso Parcae fila legunt,
i. e. spin the last thread of life, Verg. A. 10, 815; cf.:quae dedit ingrato fila legenda viro,
Ov. F. 3, 462:stamen,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 40 (42).—Naut. t. t.: vela legere, to draw together, furl:5.omnis navita ponto umida vela legit,
Verg. G. 1, 373:vela legunt socii,
id. A. 3, 532:ipse dabit tenera vela, legetque manu,
Ov. H. 15, 215; Val. Fl. 2, 13:prora funem legit Argus ab alta,
draws in, takes in, id. 1, 312:ancoras classis legit,
is weighing anchor, Sen. Troad. 759.—To take to one's self unjustly, to carry off, steal, purloin, plunder, abstract (not in Cic.): omnia viscatis manibus leget, omnia sumet: crede mihi, auferet omnia, Lucil. ap. Non. 332 and 396, 4:6.majus esse maleficium stuprare ingenuam quam sacrum legere,
Auct. Her. 2, 30 fin.:sacra divum,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 117:soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,
Verg. A. 10, 79 Serv. ad loc. (but Forbig. renders legere here as = eligere, sumere; cf. 8. infra).—Of places, to go, pass, or wander through ( poet.):7.nec me studiosius altera saltus Legit,
Ov. M. 5, 579:pars cetera pontum Pone legit,
sails through, Verg. A. 2, 207:vada dura lego,
id. ib. 3, 706:freta,
id. ib. 3, 127:aequora Afra,
Ov. F. 4, 289:Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit,
id. ib. 4, 566: vestigia alicujus, to follow one's footsteps, to track or pursue him:subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu,
id. M. 3, 17; cf.:et vestigia retro Observata legit,
Verg. A. 9, 392:tortos orbes,
to wander through, id. ib. 12, 481.—To pass or sail by, to skirt, to coast along a shore, land, or place (mostly poet.):8.Inarimen Prochytenque legit,
Ov. M. 14, 89; 15, 705; 709: primi litoris oram, coast along, i. e. not enter into details, Verg. G. 2, 44; id. E. 8, 7:navibus oram Italiae,
Liv. 21, 51 fin.:oram Campaniae,
Suet. Tib. 11; cf.terram,
id. Aug. 16. —Pregn., to choose from a number, to pick out, single out, select, elect (class.):* (β).alia esse oportet forma quem tu pugno legeris,
pick out to fight with, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 160:judices,
Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:omnia, quae leget quaeque reiciet,
id. Fin. 4, 15, 40:scribam,
to elect, appoint, id. Clu. 45, 126:condiciones nubendi,
id. Cael. 15:cives in patres,
Liv. 23, 22:viros ad bella,
Ov. M. 7, 669:geminasque legit de classe biremes,
Verg. A. 8, 79: legit virum vir, each one singles out his man (of the combatants in a battle), id. ib. 11, 632:senatum ad modum pristinum redegit duabus lectionibus: prima ipsorum arbitratu, quo vir virum legit,
Suet. Aug. 35; Tac. H. 1, 18: neque ejus legendam filiam (sc. virginem Vestalem) qui domicilium in Italia non haberet, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 8.—With inf.:II.fidissima custos Lecta sacrum justae veneri occultare pudorem,
Stat. Th. 1, 530.Trop.* A.To catch up, i. e. overhear a conversation:B.nunc huc concedam, ut horum sermonem legam,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 21 (cf. sublegere, id. Mil. 4, 2. 98).—To catch with the eye, to view, observe, behold, survey, see.* 1.In gen.:2.tumulum capit, unde omnes longo ordine posset Adversos legere,
Verg. A. 6, 755 Heyne ad loc.; and cf. Verg. A. 6, 34.—In partic., to read or peruse a writing:b.ut eos libros per te ipse legeres,
Cic. Top. 1:defensionem causae,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:legi apud Clitomachum, A. Albium jocantem dixisse, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 45, 137:aliquid studiose intenteque,
Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 1:significas legisse te in quadam epistula mea, jussisse Verginium, etc.,
id. ib. 9, 19, 1: philosophorum consultorumque opiniones, Quint. 12, 11, 17:liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter,
Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:orationem,
Quint. 1, 1, 6:aiunt multum legendum esse non multa,
Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 15.—With a pers. obj.:antiquos et novos,
Quint. 2, 5, 23:antiquos studiosius,
id. 3, 6, 62:poëtas,
id. 1, 4, 4. —In pass.:Horatius fere solus legi dignus,
Quint. 10, 1, 96:si cum judicio legatur Cassius Severus,
id. 10, 1, 116:dumque legar, mecum pariter tua fama legetur,
Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 5:sepulcra legens,
when reading epitaphs, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:legentium plerisque,
Liv. 1 praef. §4: opus nescio an minimae legentibus futurum voluptati,
to my readers, Quint. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 9, 4, 2; 2, 5, 3:nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata,
Juv. 13, 121.— Absol.:legendi usus,
Lact. 3, 25, 9:memoriam continuus legendi usus instruit,
Macr. S. 1, 5, 1.—In partic.(α).To read out, read aloud, recite (esp. freq. in post-Aug. authors):(β).convocatis auditoribus volumen legere, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 51, 191: codicem pro contione, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 4, 8:audio me male legere, dumtaxat versus, orationes enim commodius,
Plin. Ep. 9, 34:obturem impune legentibus aures,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105:quem vero arripuit tenet occiditque legendo,
with recitation, id. A. P. 475:quis dabit historico quantum daret acta legenti,
to read him the news, Juv. 7, 104.—To find in an author or a writing:C.ut scriptum legimus,
Cic. Deiot. 7, 19:legi etiam scriptum, esse avem quandam, etc.,
id. N. D. 2. 49 init.:ego vero haec scripta legi,
id. Planc. 39, 94:praeterea scriptum legimus, Gallos in venatibus tinguere sagittas,
Gell. 17, 15, 7. relatum legere, Nep. praef. 1.— Pass.:in aliis codicibus non peccato sed peccatis legitur,
Aug. Cont. Jul. Rel. 1, 22; id. Don. Persev. 6 init. al.—A publicist's t. t.: legere senatum, to read over or call off the names of senators (which was done by the censors;v. lectio, II. A. 2.): censores fideli concordia senatum legerunt,
Liv. 40, 51; 9, 29; 9, 30; 9, 46; 43, 15 al.—Hence, lĕgens, entis, Part. as subst. m., a reader ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose for lector), Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25.— Plur., Liv. praef. 4; Quint. 3, 1, 2; Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44; Tac. A. 4, 33.—Also, lectus, a, um, P. a., chosen, picked out, selected; choice, excellent (class.): argenti lectae numeratae minae, good, i. e. of full weight, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 50; so,argentum,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 3:ut neque vir melior neque lectior femina in terris sit,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:lectissimi viri atque ornatissimi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29:uxor lectissima,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:(verbis) lectis atque illustribus uti,
id. de Or. 3, 37, 150:nihil est aliud... pulcre et oratorie dicere nisi optimis sententiis verbisque lectissimis dicere,
id. Or. 68, 227:juvenum lectissime,
Stat. S. 5, 1, 247; cf.:viginti lectis equitum comitatus,
Verg. A. 9, 48.—Hence, adv.: lectē, choicely, selectly (very rare):ab lego lecte ac lectissime,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.— Comp.:lectius,
Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2 (al. lecta). -
52 lego
1.lēgo, āvi, ātum (archaic perf. legassit for legaverit, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 148), 1, v. a. [lex; and therefore qs. lege creare], a publicist's and jurid. t. t.I.A publicist's t. t.A.To send with a commission or charge, to send on an embassy, send as ambassador; to depute, despatch:2.ne hoc quidem senatui relinquebas, ut legati ex ejus ordinis auctoritate legarentur,
Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:hominem honestum ac nobilem legarunt ad Apronium,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 48, § 114: eos privatae rei causa legari, id. Fam. 3, 8, 4:juste pieque legatus venio,
Liv. 1, 32:tres adulescentes in Africam legantur, qui reges adeant, etc.,
Sall. J. 21, 4:quos Athenienses Romam ad senatum legaverant impetratum, etc.,
Gell. 7, 14, 8.—Transf. to the commission itself (ante- and post-class.):b.quae verba legaverint Rhodii ad hostium ducem,
what they told him through their deputies, Gell. 15, 31 in lemm. —Beyond the official sphere:B.quin potius, quod legatum est tibi negotium, Id curas?
committed, intrusted, Plaut. Cas. 1, 12.—To appoint or choose as deputy (as the official assistant, lieutenant, of a general or governor):II.eum (Messium) Caesari legarat Appius,
Cic. Att. 4, 15, 9:ego me a Pompeio legari ita sum passus, ut, etc.,
id. ib. 4, 2, 6:istum legatum iri non arbitror,
id. ib. 10, 1, 4:ne legaretur Gabinius Pompeio expetenti,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 19, 57:Dolabella me sibi legavit,
chose me for his lieutenant, id. Att. 15, 11, 4:Calpurnius parato exercitu legat sibi homines nobiles, etc.,
Sall. J. 28.—A jurid. t. t.: aliquid, to appoint by a last will or testament, to leave or bequeath as a legacy (class.):B.Numitori, qui stirpis maximus erat, regnum vetustum Silviae gentis legat,
Liv. 1, 3: legavit quidam uxori mundum omne penumque, Lucil. ap. Gell. 4, 1, 3:usumfructum omnium bonorum Caesenniae legat,
Cic. Caecin. 4, 11:Fabiae pecunia legata est a viro,
id. Top. 3, 14:cui argentum omne legatum est,
Quint. 5, 10, 62:in argento legato,
id. 7, 2, 11.—Aliquid alicui ab aliquo, to leave one a legacy to be paid by the principal heir:1.uxori testamento legat grandem pecuniam a filio, si qui natus esset: ab secundo herede nihil legat,
Cic. Clu. 12, 33:si paterfamilias uxori ancillarum usum fructum legavit a filio, neque a secundo herede legavit,
id. Top. 4, 21; Quint. 7, 9, 5.—Hence,lēgātus, i, m.A.(Acc. to lego, I. A.) An ambassador, legate, Cic. Vatin. 15, 35:B.legatos mittere,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 12, 35:ad senatum legatos de aliqua re mittere,
id. de Or. 2, 37, 155; cf.:missi magnis de rebus uterque Legati,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 29:legatos mittere ad indicendum bellum,
Liv. 31, 8; Ov. M. 14, 527.—(Acc. to lego, I. B.).a.An official assistant given to a general or the governor of a province, a deputy, lieutenant, lieutenant-general:b.quos legatos tute tibi legasti?
Cic. Pis. 14, 33:qui M. Aemilio legati fuerunt,
id. Clu. 36, 99:Quintus frater meus legatus est Caesaris,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 21; id. Off. 3, 20, 79; cf.:Murena summo imperatori legatus L. Lucullo fuit, qua in legatione duxit exercitum, etc.,
id. Mur. 9, 20; 14, 32:neque se ei legatum defuturum,
id. Phil. 11, 7, 17; Val. Max. 5, 5, 1:hiberna cum legato praefectoque tradidisses,
Cic. Pis. 35, 86:(Calvisius) duos legatos Uticae reliquerat,
id. Phil. 3, 10 fin.:quaestorius,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56; Caes. B. G. 2, 5 fin.:L. Caesar, cujus pater Caesaris erat legatus,
id. B. C. 1, 8, 2:magnitudo et splendor legati,
Liv. 38, 58, 9:in magna legatum quaere popina,
Juv. 8, 172.—Under the emperors, a governor sent to a province by the emperor, Tac. A. 12, 40; id. Agr. 33; Suet. Vesp. 4; Spart. Hadr. 3 et saep.; cf. legatio, I. B. 2., and Orell. ad Tac. Agr. 9.—(β).Legati legionum, commanders, Suet. Tib. 19; id. Vesp. 4; cf.:2.Caesar singulis legionibus singulos legatos et quaestorem praefecit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 52; Tac. A. 2, 36; id. H. 1, 7.—Also called;legatus praetorius,
Tac. Agr. 7.—lēgātum, i, n. (acc. to lego, II.), a bequest, legacy:2.legatum est delibatio hereditatis, qua testator ex eo, quod universum heredis foret, alicui quid collatum velit,
Dig. 30, 116:Hortensii legata cognovi,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 9:reliqua legata varie dedit,
Suet. Aug. 101; id. Tib. 48:legatum peto ex testamento,
Quint. 4, 2, 6:jus capiendi legata alicui adimere,
Suet. Dom. 8:cymbala pulsantis legatum amici,
Juv. 9, 62:legatorum genera sunt quattuor,
Gai. Inst. 2, 192; cf. sqq.lĕgo, lēgi, lectum ( gen. plur. part. legentum, Ov. Tr. 1. 7, 25), 3, v. a. [Gr. legô, logos, logas, etc.; Lat. legumen, di-leg-ens, neg-leg-o, etc.; cf. Germ. lesen], to bring together, to gather, collect.I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.oleam,
Cato, R. R. 144:nuces,
Cic. de Or. 2, 66, 265:herbas collibus,
Ov. M. 14, 347: flores et humi nascentia fraga, [p. 1048] Verg. E. 3, 92; cf.:roscida mala,
id. ib. 8, 38:flores in calathos,
Ov. F. 5, 218:spolia caesorum,
Liv. 5, 39:quos (montanos asparagos),
Juv. 11, 69.—Of the dead who have been burned:ossa,
Ov. H. 10, 150:homini mortuo ossa,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 60: ossa filii, Sen. de Ira, 2, 33, 6; cf. Quint. 8, 5, 21; Lact. de Mort. Persec. 21, 11:reliquias legerunt primores equestris ordinis,
Suet. Aug. 100. —Esp.1.To take out, pick out, extract, remove:2.quibusdam et radi ossa et legi... quae sine totius pernicie corporis haerere non poterant,
Sen. Prov. 1, 3, 2:ossa vivis,
id. ad Marc. 22, 3:ossa in capite lecta,
id. Ben. 5, 24, 3:ossa e vulneribus,
Quint. 6, 1, 30.—To pluck, strip, gather fruit from (a tree, etc.):3.oleam qui legerit,
Cato, R. R. 144, 1:ficus non erat apta legi,
Ov. F. 2, 254.—Poet.: legere fila, to wind up:4.extrema Lauso Parcae fila legunt,
i. e. spin the last thread of life, Verg. A. 10, 815; cf.:quae dedit ingrato fila legenda viro,
Ov. F. 3, 462:stamen,
Prop. 4 (5), 4, 40 (42).—Naut. t. t.: vela legere, to draw together, furl:5.omnis navita ponto umida vela legit,
Verg. G. 1, 373:vela legunt socii,
id. A. 3, 532:ipse dabit tenera vela, legetque manu,
Ov. H. 15, 215; Val. Fl. 2, 13:prora funem legit Argus ab alta,
draws in, takes in, id. 1, 312:ancoras classis legit,
is weighing anchor, Sen. Troad. 759.—To take to one's self unjustly, to carry off, steal, purloin, plunder, abstract (not in Cic.): omnia viscatis manibus leget, omnia sumet: crede mihi, auferet omnia, Lucil. ap. Non. 332 and 396, 4:6.majus esse maleficium stuprare ingenuam quam sacrum legere,
Auct. Her. 2, 30 fin.:sacra divum,
Hor. S. 1, 3, 117:soceros legere et gremiis abducere pactas,
Verg. A. 10, 79 Serv. ad loc. (but Forbig. renders legere here as = eligere, sumere; cf. 8. infra).—Of places, to go, pass, or wander through ( poet.):7.nec me studiosius altera saltus Legit,
Ov. M. 5, 579:pars cetera pontum Pone legit,
sails through, Verg. A. 2, 207:vada dura lego,
id. ib. 3, 706:freta,
id. ib. 3, 127:aequora Afra,
Ov. F. 4, 289:Ioniumque rapax Icariumque legit,
id. ib. 4, 566: vestigia alicujus, to follow one's footsteps, to track or pursue him:subsequitur pressoque legit vestigia gressu,
id. M. 3, 17; cf.:et vestigia retro Observata legit,
Verg. A. 9, 392:tortos orbes,
to wander through, id. ib. 12, 481.—To pass or sail by, to skirt, to coast along a shore, land, or place (mostly poet.):8.Inarimen Prochytenque legit,
Ov. M. 14, 89; 15, 705; 709: primi litoris oram, coast along, i. e. not enter into details, Verg. G. 2, 44; id. E. 8, 7:navibus oram Italiae,
Liv. 21, 51 fin.:oram Campaniae,
Suet. Tib. 11; cf.terram,
id. Aug. 16. —Pregn., to choose from a number, to pick out, single out, select, elect (class.):* (β).alia esse oportet forma quem tu pugno legeris,
pick out to fight with, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 160:judices,
Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:omnia, quae leget quaeque reiciet,
id. Fin. 4, 15, 40:scribam,
to elect, appoint, id. Clu. 45, 126:condiciones nubendi,
id. Cael. 15:cives in patres,
Liv. 23, 22:viros ad bella,
Ov. M. 7, 669:geminasque legit de classe biremes,
Verg. A. 8, 79: legit virum vir, each one singles out his man (of the combatants in a battle), id. ib. 11, 632:senatum ad modum pristinum redegit duabus lectionibus: prima ipsorum arbitratu, quo vir virum legit,
Suet. Aug. 35; Tac. H. 1, 18: neque ejus legendam filiam (sc. virginem Vestalem) qui domicilium in Italia non haberet, At. Cap. ap. Gell. 1, 12, 8.—With inf.:II.fidissima custos Lecta sacrum justae veneri occultare pudorem,
Stat. Th. 1, 530.Trop.* A.To catch up, i. e. overhear a conversation:B.nunc huc concedam, ut horum sermonem legam,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 21 (cf. sublegere, id. Mil. 4, 2. 98).—To catch with the eye, to view, observe, behold, survey, see.* 1.In gen.:2.tumulum capit, unde omnes longo ordine posset Adversos legere,
Verg. A. 6, 755 Heyne ad loc.; and cf. Verg. A. 6, 34.—In partic., to read or peruse a writing:b.ut eos libros per te ipse legeres,
Cic. Top. 1:defensionem causae,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 43, § 112:legi apud Clitomachum, A. Albium jocantem dixisse, etc.,
id. Ac. 2, 45, 137:aliquid studiose intenteque,
Plin. Ep. 9, 13, 1:significas legisse te in quadam epistula mea, jussisse Verginium, etc.,
id. ib. 9, 19, 1: philosophorum consultorumque opiniones, Quint. 12, 11, 17:liber tuus et lectus est et legitur a me diligenter,
Cic. Fam. 6, 5, 1:orationem,
Quint. 1, 1, 6:aiunt multum legendum esse non multa,
Plin. Ep. 7, 9, 15.—With a pers. obj.:antiquos et novos,
Quint. 2, 5, 23:antiquos studiosius,
id. 3, 6, 62:poëtas,
id. 1, 4, 4. —In pass.:Horatius fere solus legi dignus,
Quint. 10, 1, 96:si cum judicio legatur Cassius Severus,
id. 10, 1, 116:dumque legar, mecum pariter tua fama legetur,
Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 5:sepulcra legens,
when reading epitaphs, Cic. de Sen. 7, 21:legentium plerisque,
Liv. 1 praef. §4: opus nescio an minimae legentibus futurum voluptati,
to my readers, Quint. 3, 1, 2; cf. id. 9, 4, 2; 2, 5, 3:nec Cynicos nec Stoica dogmata,
Juv. 13, 121.— Absol.:legendi usus,
Lact. 3, 25, 9:memoriam continuus legendi usus instruit,
Macr. S. 1, 5, 1.—In partic.(α).To read out, read aloud, recite (esp. freq. in post-Aug. authors):(β).convocatis auditoribus volumen legere, etc.,
Cic. Brut. 51, 191: codicem pro contione, id. Fragm. ap. Quint. 4, 4, 8:audio me male legere, dumtaxat versus, orationes enim commodius,
Plin. Ep. 9, 34:obturem impune legentibus aures,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 105:quem vero arripuit tenet occiditque legendo,
with recitation, id. A. P. 475:quis dabit historico quantum daret acta legenti,
to read him the news, Juv. 7, 104.—To find in an author or a writing:C.ut scriptum legimus,
Cic. Deiot. 7, 19:legi etiam scriptum, esse avem quandam, etc.,
id. N. D. 2. 49 init.:ego vero haec scripta legi,
id. Planc. 39, 94:praeterea scriptum legimus, Gallos in venatibus tinguere sagittas,
Gell. 17, 15, 7. relatum legere, Nep. praef. 1.— Pass.:in aliis codicibus non peccato sed peccatis legitur,
Aug. Cont. Jul. Rel. 1, 22; id. Don. Persev. 6 init. al.—A publicist's t. t.: legere senatum, to read over or call off the names of senators (which was done by the censors;v. lectio, II. A. 2.): censores fideli concordia senatum legerunt,
Liv. 40, 51; 9, 29; 9, 30; 9, 46; 43, 15 al.—Hence, lĕgens, entis, Part. as subst. m., a reader ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose for lector), Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25.— Plur., Liv. praef. 4; Quint. 3, 1, 2; Plin. 8, 16, 17, § 44; Tac. A. 4, 33.—Also, lectus, a, um, P. a., chosen, picked out, selected; choice, excellent (class.): argenti lectae numeratae minae, good, i. e. of full weight, Plaut. Ps. 4, 7, 50; so,argentum,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 3:ut neque vir melior neque lectior femina in terris sit,
Cic. Inv. 1, 31, 52:lectissimi viri atque ornatissimi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 6, § 15; cf. id. Div. in Caecil. 9, 29:uxor lectissima,
id. Inv. 1, 31, 52:(verbis) lectis atque illustribus uti,
id. de Or. 3, 37, 150:nihil est aliud... pulcre et oratorie dicere nisi optimis sententiis verbisque lectissimis dicere,
id. Or. 68, 227:juvenum lectissime,
Stat. S. 5, 1, 247; cf.:viginti lectis equitum comitatus,
Verg. A. 9, 48.—Hence, adv.: lectē, choicely, selectly (very rare):ab lego lecte ac lectissime,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 36 Müll.— Comp.:lectius,
Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2 (al. lecta). -
53 bourgeois
bourgeois, e [buʀʒwa, waz]1. adjective2. masculine noun, feminine noun* * *
1.
bourgeoise buʀʒwa, az adjectif1) [libéralisme] bourgeois; péj [morale] middle-class2) ( cossu)3) Droit [habitation] for private use (après n)
2.
nom masculin, féminin1) ( personne de la classe moyenne) middle-class person, bourgeois péj* * *buʀʒwa, waz bourgeois, -e1. adjmiddle class, (avant le nom) middle-class, péjoratif bourgeois, middle class2. nm/f1) HISTOIRE burgher, bourgeois2)les bourgeois — the bourgeoisie, the upper middle classes
* * *A adj2 ( cossu) [quartier, maison] bourgeois;B nm,f1 ( personne de la classe moyenne) middle-class person, bourgeois péj;2 Hist ( sous l'Ancien Régime) bourgeois; ( au Moyen Âge) burgher; les bourgeois de Calais the burghers of Calais.( féminin bourgeoise) [burʒwa, az] adjectif2. [dans un sens non marxiste] middle-class3. (péjoratif) [caractéristique de la bourgeoisie]4. [aisé, confortable]————————, bourgeoise [burʒwa, az] nom masculin, nom féminin1. [dans un sens marxiste] bourgeois2. [dans un sens non marxiste] member of the middle class[avant la Révolution] member of the third estate5. (péjoratif) [béotien] Philistinebourgeoise nom féminin -
54 attento
1. adj attentivestare attento a be careful of2. int attento! look out!, (be) careful!* * *attento agg.1 ( che presta attenzione) ( di persona) attentive; heedful; careful; diligent, painstaking: attento!, take care! (o look out!); attenti al cane, beware of the dog; attento al gradino, mind the step; sta' attento!, be careful!; sta' attento alla tua salute, look after (o watch) your health; sta' attento a ciò che dico, pay attention to what I'm saying; stammi attento al bambino, look after (o mind) the child for me2 ( fatto con attenzione) ( di cosa) careful, thorough: un'attenta lettura, a careful reading; un'attenta analisi, a thorough analysis.* * *[at'tɛnto]essere attento a — to pay attention to [ particolari]; to be mindful of, to watch out for [ conseguenze]
stare attento a — to look o watch out for, to mind [ladri, automobili, errori]; to mind, to be careful of [ghiaccio, ostacolo]
2) (accurato) [ lettura] careful; [esame, studio] careful, close, thorough3) (premuroso) [ persona] attentive, caringattento alla testa, al gradino! — mind your head, the step!
* * *attento/at'tεnto/1 (vigile) [ persona] careful, alert; [ sguardo] alert, watchful; [ascoltatore, allievo] attentive; essere attento a to pay attention to [ particolari]; to be mindful of, to watch out for [ conseguenze]; attento alla propria salute health-conscious; stare attento a to look o watch out for, to mind [ladri, automobili, errori]; to mind, to be careful of [ghiaccio, ostacolo]; stare attento in classe to pay attention in class2 (accurato) [ lettura] careful; [esame, studio] careful, close, thorough3 (premuroso) [ persona] attentive, caring4 (per avvertire) attento! look o watch out! watch it! attento al portafoglio! watch your wallet! attento alla testa, al gradino! mind your head, the step! sta' attento a non svegliare i bambini be careful not to wake the children. -
55 compito
1. adj polite2. m task* * *compìto1 agg.1 polite, courteous, proper; ( raffinato) refined; ( rifinito) accomplished: si sedette tutto compìto per il colloquio, he sat down very stiff and proper for his interview* * *I [kom'pito] II ['kompito]sostantivo maschile1) (incarico) task, job, assignment; (dovere, funzione) duty, brief BEavere il compito di fare — to have the job o task of doing
non è compito mio — it is not my duty o business, it is no concern of mine
* * *compito1/kom'pito/————————compito2/'kompito/sostantivo m.1 (incarico) task, job, assignment; (dovere, funzione) duty, brief BE; avere il compito di fare to have the job o task of doing; non è compito mio it is not my duty o business, it is no concern of mine2 scol. (a scuola) schoolwork; (a casa) homework U, prep(aration) BE; compito in classe (written) test; fare i -i to do one's homework; devo fare il compito di matematica I have to do my maths exercises; correggere i -i to mark students' works. -
56 di
1. prep ofcon il comparativo thandi ferro (made of) ironicio sono di Roma I'm from Romel'auto di mio padre my father's caruna tazza di caffè a cup of coffeedi giorno by dayparlare di politica talk about politicsd'estate in the summerdi questo passo at this ratedi chi è questo libro? whose is this book?, who does this book belong to?più bello di prettier than2. art someinterrogativo any, somedel vino some wine* * *di prep.1 ( specificazione) of: il calore del sole, the heat of the sun; l'inizio della primavera, the beginning of spring; il capo dei ribelli, the leader of the rebels (o the rebel leader); il profumo delle rose, the scent of roses; l'altezza di un edificio, the height of a building; la fine di un film, the end of a film; il centro della città, the centre of town (o the town centre); il senso dell'umorismo, a sense of humour; una folla di dimostranti, a crowd of demonstrators; una serie di errori, a series of mistakes; la furia degli elementi, the fury of the elements; i vetri della finestra, window panes; gli impiegati delle poste, post office workers; il canto degli uccelli, birdsong (o the song of birds)2 (specificazione con valore di possesso; in inglese si esprime spesso con il 'caso possessivo'): la casa di Sara, Sarah's house; il fratello di Giacomo, James's brother; il figlio dei Rossi, the Rossi's son; le odi del Carducci, Carducci's odes; la riunione di martedì, Tuesday's meeting; la coda del gatto, the cat's tail; la maniglia della porta, the door handle; la porta della cucina, the kitchen door3 ( partitivo) some, (in frasi interrogative, dubitative e negative) any: mangiammo del pane, we ate some bread; è uscita con dei conoscenti, she went out with some people she knew; abbiamo visto delle belle scarpe, we saw some nice shoes; c'è ancora del vino?, is there any wine left?; alcuni degli alunni, some of the pupils; ciascuno di noi, each of us4 (retta da nomi che indicano quantità, numero) of: un chilo di pane, a kilo of bread; una dozzina di uova, a dozen eggs; ci vuole un minimo di buon senso, it takes a bit of common sense; un po' di coraggio, some courage // niente di bello, di interessante, d'importante, nothing nice, interesting, important; qualcosa di nuovo, something new5 (denominazione; talvolta in inglese non si traduce) of: la città di Roma, the city of Rome; l'isola di Capri, the isle of Capri; il mese di febbraio, the month of February; una ragazza di colore, a coloured girl; il nome di Giovanni, the name John6 ( qualità, condizione) at, in, by: sano di corpo, healthy in body; buono d'animo, good at heart; conoscere qlcu. di nome, to know s.o. by name7 ( argomento) about, of: discutere di sport, to talk about sport; parlare bene di qlcu., to speak well of s.o.; un testo di chimica, a chemistry text; un film di spionaggio, a spy film8 ( appartenenza) by: un libro di Calvino, a book by Calvino; un film di Fellini, a film by Fellini; un'opera di Raffaello, a work by Raphael; una sinfonia di Mahler, a symphony by Mahler; una poesia di Montale, a poem by Montale; un'opera di Verdi, an opera by Verdi9 ( per introdurre un secondo termine di paragone) than (dopo compar.); of, in (dopo superl.): Marco è più alto di Giorgio, Mark is taller than George; è il più simpatico dei fratelli, he's the nicest of the brothers; la più grande città del Giappone, the biggest city in Japan; il fiume più lungo del mondo, the longest river in the world10 ( modo): essere di buon umore, to be in a good mood; bere tutto di un fiato, to drink it all in one gulp; ridere di cuore, to laugh heartily; sollevare di peso, to lift up bodily; andarsene di corsa, to rush off11 ( materia): una statua di marmo, a marble statue; una tavola di legno, a wooden table; una borsa di pelle, a leather handbag; una crostata di mele, an apple tart // un cuore d'oro, a heart of gold // un pugno di ferro, an iron fist // castelli di carta, castles in the air12 ( età, valore, misura): un bambino di 6 anni, a 6-year-old child (o a child of 6); un uomo di mezza età, a middle-aged man; un assegno di 500 euro, a cheque for 500 euros; un edificio di 10 piani, a 10-storey building; un circuito di mille metri, a thousand metre circuit; una distanza di 8 km, a distance of 8 kilometres (o 5 miles); una parete di 4 metri, a 4 metre-long wall (o a wall 4 metres long); un appartamento di 150 mq, a flat of 150 square metres13 ( causa) of, for, with: morire di sete, to die of thirst; piangere di gioia, to cry for joy; accusare di furto, to charge with theft; reo di omicidio, guilty of murder14 ( mezzo) with, on: ungere di burro, to grease with butter; cospargere di sale, to sprinkle with salt; campare del proprio stipendio, to live on one's own earnings; vivere di illusioni, to live on illusions15 ( moto da luogo, origine, provenienza, anche fig.) from; out of: uscire di casa, to go (o to come) out of the house (o to leave home); essere di Roma, to be (o to come) from Rome; di dove sei?, where are you from? (o where do you come from?); era di buona famiglia, (s)he was from a good family; allontanati di lì, get away from there; lontano di qui, a long way from here (o a long way off) // uscire di strada, to leave the road // mi cadde di mano, it slipped out of my hand // smontare di sella, to dismount16 ( tempo): di mattina, di sera, in the morning, in the evening; di notte, at night; d'inverno, d'estate, in winter, in summer; di sabato, on Saturday (s); una sera di ottobre, an October evening; un corso di 3 mesi, a three-month course; una lezione di un'ora, an hour-long lesson; una gita di 2 giorni, a two-day trip; una vacanza di un mese, a month's holiday // di recente, recently // di giorno in giorno, from day to day // di anno in anno, from year to year // di tanto in tanto, every now and then (o every so often)17 ( limitazione, privazione): duro d'orecchio, hard of hearing; essere debole di cuore, to have a weak heart; a corto di soldi, short of money; privo di mezzi, without means; mancare di esperienza, to be without experience18 ( destinazione, scopo): stanza di soggiorno, living-room; sala di lettura, reading room ∙ Come si nota dagli esempi, nei significati 1, 2, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 16, 18 si usa spesso in inglese la forma aggettivale o avverbiale in luogo del compl. introdotto dalla prep. di19 (seguito da un verbo all'inf. in dipendenza da altro verbo): decidemmo di partire subito, we decided to leave at once; gli dissi di andarsene, I told him to go away; non avevo intenzione di offenderti, I didn't mean to offend you; credo di aver ragione, I believe I'm right; pensava di fare il medico, he thought of becoming a doctor20 (in unione con altra prep.): contro di lui, against him; dopo di te, after you; sopra, sotto di noi, above, below us; dietro di me, after (o behind) me21 (in unione con un avv.): di qua, over here (o on this side); di là, over there (o on that side); di dentro, inside; di fuori, outside.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: di certo, surely; di frequente, often; di rado, seldom; di nuovo, again; di solito, usually; del resto, besides, moreover; di gran lunga, by far // di male in peggio, from bad to worse // ne ha combinati di guai, he caused a lot of trouble // dire di sì, di no, to say yes, no // credere di sì, di no, to think so, not.di s.f. o m. letter D.* * *[di] di + il = del, di + lo = dello, di + l' = dell', di + la = della, di + i = dei, di + gli = degli, di + le = delle1. prep1) (possesso) of, (composto da, scritto da) byla macchina del mio amico/dei miei amici — my friend's/friends' car
la figlia dell'amica di mia madre — the daughter of my mother's friend, my mother's friend's daughter
l'ultimo libro di Umberto Eco — Umberto Eco's latest book, the latest book by Umberto Eco
2) (specificazione, denominazione) ofil professore d'inglese — the English teacher, the teacher of English
3)una casa di mattoni — a brick house, a house made of brick(s)
4) (provenienza) from, out of, (posizione) in, onuscire di casa — to come out of o leave the house
i negozi di Milano — the Milan shops, the shops in Milan
i vicini del piano di sopra — the upstairs neighbours, the people who live on the floor above us
5)d' estate — in (the) summer
6)una stanza di 2 metri per 3 — a room measuring 2 metres by 3
7)fermarsi di botto — to stop dead o suddenly
di cancro — to die of cancerdi burro — to spread with butterqc di sugo — to get sauce on sth8) (argomento) about, ofdel tempo — to talk about the weatherdi qc — to talk about sth9)(abbondanza, privazione)
pieno di — full ofdi carbone — poor in coaldi — lacking indi risorse naturali — rich in natural resources10) (paragone nei comparativi) than, (paragone nei superlativi) ofè meglio di me — he's better than me
11)ti chiedo di dirmi la verità — I beg you to tell me the truth
2. art partitivonon ho dei libri — I haven't any books, I have no books
c'erano delle persone che non conoscevo — there were some people I didn't know
* * *I [di]1) (appartenenza, possesso)l'auto di Paolo, di tuo fratello, dei miei genitori — Paolo's, your brother's, my parents' car
l'auto è di Paolo, di mio fratello — the car is Paolo's, my brother's, the car belongs to Paolo, to my brother
il Primo Ministro del Giappone — the Japanese Prime Minister, the Prime Minister of Japan
la riunione di lunedì, del 7 gennaio — Monday's meeting, the meeting on the 7th of January
3) (autore) byle opere di Dante — Dante's works, the works of Dante
4) (causa) with, formorire di cancro — to die of o from cancer
5) (materia) of, in6) (misura)un libro di 200 pagine — a 200-page book, a book 200 pages long o in length
un interesse del 5% — a 5% interest
7) (origine) from8) (argomento) aboutparlare di qcn., qcs. — to talk about sb., sth.
ridere di qcn. — to laugh at sb
alto di statura — tall of o in stature
di nascosto — out of sight, secretly
di notte — at night, by night
12) (in espressioni di moto, stato)è di sotto, di là — he's downstairs, in the next room
qualche cosa, niente di nuovo — something, nothing new
14) (con un infinito) to15) (nel comparativo) thanII [di]sostantivo maschile e sostantivo femminile invariabile (lettera) d, D* * *di2/di/m. e f.inv.(lettera) d, D. -
57 dì
1. prep ofcon il comparativo thandi ferro (made of) ironicio sono di Roma I'm from Romel'auto di mio padre my father's caruna tazza di caffè a cup of coffeedi giorno by dayparlare di politica talk about politicsd'estate in the summerdi questo passo at this ratedi chi è questo libro? whose is this book?, who does this book belong to?più bello di prettier than2. art someinterrogativo any, somedel vino some wine* * *di prep.1 ( specificazione) of: il calore del sole, the heat of the sun; l'inizio della primavera, the beginning of spring; il capo dei ribelli, the leader of the rebels (o the rebel leader); il profumo delle rose, the scent of roses; l'altezza di un edificio, the height of a building; la fine di un film, the end of a film; il centro della città, the centre of town (o the town centre); il senso dell'umorismo, a sense of humour; una folla di dimostranti, a crowd of demonstrators; una serie di errori, a series of mistakes; la furia degli elementi, the fury of the elements; i vetri della finestra, window panes; gli impiegati delle poste, post office workers; il canto degli uccelli, birdsong (o the song of birds)2 (specificazione con valore di possesso; in inglese si esprime spesso con il 'caso possessivo'): la casa di Sara, Sarah's house; il fratello di Giacomo, James's brother; il figlio dei Rossi, the Rossi's son; le odi del Carducci, Carducci's odes; la riunione di martedì, Tuesday's meeting; la coda del gatto, the cat's tail; la maniglia della porta, the door handle; la porta della cucina, the kitchen door3 ( partitivo) some, (in frasi interrogative, dubitative e negative) any: mangiammo del pane, we ate some bread; è uscita con dei conoscenti, she went out with some people she knew; abbiamo visto delle belle scarpe, we saw some nice shoes; c'è ancora del vino?, is there any wine left?; alcuni degli alunni, some of the pupils; ciascuno di noi, each of us4 (retta da nomi che indicano quantità, numero) of: un chilo di pane, a kilo of bread; una dozzina di uova, a dozen eggs; ci vuole un minimo di buon senso, it takes a bit of common sense; un po' di coraggio, some courage // niente di bello, di interessante, d'importante, nothing nice, interesting, important; qualcosa di nuovo, something new5 (denominazione; talvolta in inglese non si traduce) of: la città di Roma, the city of Rome; l'isola di Capri, the isle of Capri; il mese di febbraio, the month of February; una ragazza di colore, a coloured girl; il nome di Giovanni, the name John6 ( qualità, condizione) at, in, by: sano di corpo, healthy in body; buono d'animo, good at heart; conoscere qlcu. di nome, to know s.o. by name7 ( argomento) about, of: discutere di sport, to talk about sport; parlare bene di qlcu., to speak well of s.o.; un testo di chimica, a chemistry text; un film di spionaggio, a spy film8 ( appartenenza) by: un libro di Calvino, a book by Calvino; un film di Fellini, a film by Fellini; un'opera di Raffaello, a work by Raphael; una sinfonia di Mahler, a symphony by Mahler; una poesia di Montale, a poem by Montale; un'opera di Verdi, an opera by Verdi9 ( per introdurre un secondo termine di paragone) than (dopo compar.); of, in (dopo superl.): Marco è più alto di Giorgio, Mark is taller than George; è il più simpatico dei fratelli, he's the nicest of the brothers; la più grande città del Giappone, the biggest city in Japan; il fiume più lungo del mondo, the longest river in the world10 ( modo): essere di buon umore, to be in a good mood; bere tutto di un fiato, to drink it all in one gulp; ridere di cuore, to laugh heartily; sollevare di peso, to lift up bodily; andarsene di corsa, to rush off11 ( materia): una statua di marmo, a marble statue; una tavola di legno, a wooden table; una borsa di pelle, a leather handbag; una crostata di mele, an apple tart // un cuore d'oro, a heart of gold // un pugno di ferro, an iron fist // castelli di carta, castles in the air12 ( età, valore, misura): un bambino di 6 anni, a 6-year-old child (o a child of 6); un uomo di mezza età, a middle-aged man; un assegno di 500 euro, a cheque for 500 euros; un edificio di 10 piani, a 10-storey building; un circuito di mille metri, a thousand metre circuit; una distanza di 8 km, a distance of 8 kilometres (o 5 miles); una parete di 4 metri, a 4 metre-long wall (o a wall 4 metres long); un appartamento di 150 mq, a flat of 150 square metres13 ( causa) of, for, with: morire di sete, to die of thirst; piangere di gioia, to cry for joy; accusare di furto, to charge with theft; reo di omicidio, guilty of murder14 ( mezzo) with, on: ungere di burro, to grease with butter; cospargere di sale, to sprinkle with salt; campare del proprio stipendio, to live on one's own earnings; vivere di illusioni, to live on illusions15 ( moto da luogo, origine, provenienza, anche fig.) from; out of: uscire di casa, to go (o to come) out of the house (o to leave home); essere di Roma, to be (o to come) from Rome; di dove sei?, where are you from? (o where do you come from?); era di buona famiglia, (s)he was from a good family; allontanati di lì, get away from there; lontano di qui, a long way from here (o a long way off) // uscire di strada, to leave the road // mi cadde di mano, it slipped out of my hand // smontare di sella, to dismount16 ( tempo): di mattina, di sera, in the morning, in the evening; di notte, at night; d'inverno, d'estate, in winter, in summer; di sabato, on Saturday (s); una sera di ottobre, an October evening; un corso di 3 mesi, a three-month course; una lezione di un'ora, an hour-long lesson; una gita di 2 giorni, a two-day trip; una vacanza di un mese, a month's holiday // di recente, recently // di giorno in giorno, from day to day // di anno in anno, from year to year // di tanto in tanto, every now and then (o every so often)17 ( limitazione, privazione): duro d'orecchio, hard of hearing; essere debole di cuore, to have a weak heart; a corto di soldi, short of money; privo di mezzi, without means; mancare di esperienza, to be without experience18 ( destinazione, scopo): stanza di soggiorno, living-room; sala di lettura, reading room ∙ Come si nota dagli esempi, nei significati 1, 2, 6, 7, 10, 11, 12, 16, 18 si usa spesso in inglese la forma aggettivale o avverbiale in luogo del compl. introdotto dalla prep. di19 (seguito da un verbo all'inf. in dipendenza da altro verbo): decidemmo di partire subito, we decided to leave at once; gli dissi di andarsene, I told him to go away; non avevo intenzione di offenderti, I didn't mean to offend you; credo di aver ragione, I believe I'm right; pensava di fare il medico, he thought of becoming a doctor20 (in unione con altra prep.): contro di lui, against him; dopo di te, after you; sopra, sotto di noi, above, below us; dietro di me, after (o behind) me21 (in unione con un avv.): di qua, over here (o on this side); di là, over there (o on that side); di dentro, inside; di fuori, outside.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: di certo, surely; di frequente, often; di rado, seldom; di nuovo, again; di solito, usually; del resto, besides, moreover; di gran lunga, by far // di male in peggio, from bad to worse // ne ha combinati di guai, he caused a lot of trouble // dire di sì, di no, to say yes, no // credere di sì, di no, to think so, not.di s.f. o m. letter D.* * *[di] di + il = del, di + lo = dello, di + l' = dell', di + la = della, di + i = dei, di + gli = degli, di + le = delle1. prep1) (possesso) of, (composto da, scritto da) byla macchina del mio amico/dei miei amici — my friend's/friends' car
la figlia dell'amica di mia madre — the daughter of my mother's friend, my mother's friend's daughter
l'ultimo libro di Umberto Eco — Umberto Eco's latest book, the latest book by Umberto Eco
2) (specificazione, denominazione) ofil professore d'inglese — the English teacher, the teacher of English
3)una casa di mattoni — a brick house, a house made of brick(s)
4) (provenienza) from, out of, (posizione) in, onuscire di casa — to come out of o leave the house
i negozi di Milano — the Milan shops, the shops in Milan
i vicini del piano di sopra — the upstairs neighbours, the people who live on the floor above us
5)d' estate — in (the) summer
6)una stanza di 2 metri per 3 — a room measuring 2 metres by 3
7)fermarsi di botto — to stop dead o suddenly
di cancro — to die of cancerdi burro — to spread with butterqc di sugo — to get sauce on sth8) (argomento) about, ofdel tempo — to talk about the weatherdi qc — to talk about sth9)(abbondanza, privazione)
pieno di — full ofdi carbone — poor in coaldi — lacking indi risorse naturali — rich in natural resources10) (paragone nei comparativi) than, (paragone nei superlativi) ofè meglio di me — he's better than me
11)ti chiedo di dirmi la verità — I beg you to tell me the truth
2. art partitivonon ho dei libri — I haven't any books, I have no books
c'erano delle persone che non conoscevo — there were some people I didn't know
* * *I [di]1) (appartenenza, possesso)l'auto di Paolo, di tuo fratello, dei miei genitori — Paolo's, your brother's, my parents' car
l'auto è di Paolo, di mio fratello — the car is Paolo's, my brother's, the car belongs to Paolo, to my brother
il Primo Ministro del Giappone — the Japanese Prime Minister, the Prime Minister of Japan
la riunione di lunedì, del 7 gennaio — Monday's meeting, the meeting on the 7th of January
3) (autore) byle opere di Dante — Dante's works, the works of Dante
4) (causa) with, formorire di cancro — to die of o from cancer
5) (materia) of, in6) (misura)un libro di 200 pagine — a 200-page book, a book 200 pages long o in length
un interesse del 5% — a 5% interest
7) (origine) from8) (argomento) aboutparlare di qcn., qcs. — to talk about sb., sth.
ridere di qcn. — to laugh at sb
alto di statura — tall of o in stature
di nascosto — out of sight, secretly
di notte — at night, by night
12) (in espressioni di moto, stato)è di sotto, di là — he's downstairs, in the next room
qualche cosa, niente di nuovo — something, nothing new
14) (con un infinito) to15) (nel comparativo) thanII [di]sostantivo maschile e sostantivo femminile invariabile (lettera) d, D* * *dì/di/m.inv.lett. day. -
58 resto
m rest, remainder( soldi) changeresti pl remainsdel resto anyway, besides* * *resto s.m.1 rest, remainder; ( saldo) balance: il resto della compagnia, the rest of the group; il resto della vita, the rest (o remainder) of one's life; il resto di loro rimase a casa, the rest of them stayed at home; ne prese due ed io presi il resto, he took two and I took the rest; io l'ho fatto fin qui, Paolo farà il resto, I have done it up to here, Paul will do the rest; oggi saranno esaminati venti studenti, il resto può tornare domani, twenty students will be examined today, the remainder can come tomorrow; per favore, pensate voi a tutto il resto, will you see to everything else, please?; questo è l'inizio della mia storia, domani ti racconterò il resto, this is the beginning of my story, tomorrow I'll tell you the rest // del resto, ( inoltre) moreover (o besides); ( per altro) on the other hand; è troppo tardi, e del resto sono stanco, it is too late; besides, I am tired; del resto non ne ero al corrente, besides, I knew nothing about it // in quanto al resto, (as) for the rest // per il resto è un bravo ragazzo, apart from that, he's a good boy // (comm.) pagare il resto a rate, to pay the balance in instalments; resto di cassa, balance in (o on) hand2 (mat.) remainder: il resto di questa divisione è cinque, the remainder of this division is five; classe dei resti, residue class3 ( di una somma di denaro) change: eccovi il resto, here is your change; devo darvi un resto di 5 euro, I must give you 5 euros change; non ho da darle il resto, I have no change to give you; tenga il resto, keep the change; lasciare il resto di mancia, to leave the change as a tip4 pl. ( avanzi) remains; ( ruderi) ruins: i resti di un teatro greco, the ruins (o remains) of a Greek theatre: i resti di una casa, di una vecchia città, the remains of a house, an old town // resti mortali, remains: i resti delle vittime della sciagura aerea, the bodies of the victims of the air crash // (comm.) resti di magazzino, remainder of the stock (o leftover stock)5 pl. ( di cibo) leftovers; remains: per pranzo abbiamo avuto i resti della sera prima, we had the previous evening's leftovers for lunch.* * *['rɛsto] 1.sostantivo maschile1) (ciò che avanza) rest, remain, remainderil resto del mondo, del tempo, dei libri — the rest of the world, the time, the books
pagare un terzo in anticipo, il resto alla fine — to pay one third in advance, the rest at the end
per il resto, è simpatico — apart from that, he's nice
2) (denaro) changedare il resto — to give the change o rest
3) mat. remainder4) del restoha un'aria preoccupata, ma del resto ce l'ha sempre — he looks a bit anxious, but then he always does
2.del resto, è troppo caro — it's too expensive, anyway
sostantivo maschile plurale resti1) (di pasto, edificio) remains, remnant sing.2) (cadavere)i -i di qcn. — the human remains o the bones of sb.
* * *resto/'rεsto/I sostantivo m.1 (ciò che avanza) rest, remain, remainder; il resto del mondo, del tempo, dei libri the rest of the world, the time, the books; pagare un terzo in anticipo, il resto alla fine to pay one third in advance, the rest at the end; avete il passaporto e tutto il resto? have you got your passports and everything? e non sai ancora il resto! and you don't know the half of it! per il resto, è simpatico apart from that, he's nice2 (denaro) change; dare il resto to give the change o rest; non ho da darLe il resto I have no change to give you; tenga il resto keep the change; mi ha dato 6 penny di resto she gave me 6p change3 mat. remainder; il 2 nel 5 sta 2 volte con resto di 1 2 into 5 goes 2 and one over4 del resto ha un'aria preoccupata, ma del resto ce l'ha sempre he looks a bit anxious, but then he always does; del resto, è troppo caro it's too expensive, anywayII resti m.pl.1 (di pasto, edificio) remains, remnant sing.; i -i della cena the leftovers from the dinner; i -i di un antico castello the ruins of an old castle -
59 soprattutto
particularly, (e)specially, above all* * *soprattutto avv. above all, most of all; ( specialmente) particularly, especially: desidero soprattutto che tu sia buono, above all I want you to be good; quello che mi interessa è soprattutto la qualità del lavoro, what interests me above all is the quality of the work; le foto che hai fatto sono belle, soprattutto i ritratti, the photos you took are very nice, especially (o particularly) the portraits; uso la bicicletta soprattutto per andare al lavoro, I use the bike especially for going to work.* * *[soprat'tutto]avverbio (più di ogni altra cosa) above all, most of all; (specialmente) especially, in particular; (principalmente) chiefly, mainlysoprattutto, non dimenticarti il passaporto — most of all, don't forget your passport
qui fa molto caldo, soprattutto d'estate — it's very hot here, especially in summer
* * *soprattutto/soprat'tutto/(più di ogni altra cosa) above all, most of all; (specialmente) especially, in particular; (principalmente) chiefly, mainly; soprattutto, non dimenticarti il passaporto most of all, don't forget your passport; qui fa molto caldo, soprattutto d'estate it's very hot here, especially in summer; la mia classe è composta soprattutto da ragazze my class is mainly made up of girls. -
60 tento
tento or tempto, āvi, ātum, 1 ( part. gen. plur. tentantum, Verg. G. 2, 247), v. freq. a. [tendo], to handle, touch, feel a thing (class.; cf.: tango, tracto).I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.rem manu,
Auct. Her. 4, 49, 62:manibus pectora,
Ov. M. 10, 282; 10, 289:loca feminarum digitis,
Col. 8, 11, 8:ficum rostro,
Ov. F. 2, 254:flumen vix pede (with attingere),
Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6:quadratum,
Lucr. 4, 234:caput in tenebris,
Phaedr. 3, 10, 26:pullos singulos,
Col. 8, 5, 17:invisos amictus,
Verg. G. 3, 563:aciem pugionum,
Suet. Ner. 49; cf.:acumen stili,
id. Rhet. 5:bracchia emittit temptanti maria similis Sarpedon,
Plin. 5, 27, 27, § 98:pullos,
Col. 8, 5, 17; 8, 11, 8.—In partic.1.In medic. lang.:2. (α).venas,
to feel the pulse, Quint. 11, 3, 88; Suet. Tib. 72; Ov. H. 20, 139.—Of warfare:(β).scalis et classe moenia oppidi tentans,
Caes. B. C. 3, 40:opera nostra,
id. B. G. 7, 73:urbem,
Liv. 33, 5, 3; 26, 38, 5:munitiones,
id. 9, 35, 1:moenia Aiexandriae,
id. 45, 11:Achaiam,
Caes. B. C. 3, 55 Britanniam, Suet. Claud. 17:aggredi et tentare,
Vell. 2, 113, 3:aliquem auxiliis Thraciae,
Flor. 2, 14, 4.—Of disease, poison, etc.:II.animi valentes morbo tentari non possunt, corpora possunt,
Cic. Tusc. 4, 14, 31; cf.:gravis auctumnus omnem exercitum valetudine tentaverat,
Caes. B. C. 3, 2:temptari a morbo,
Plin. 24, 19, 113, § 174:praecordiorum inflatione tentari,
Suet. Aug. 81:tentatus est motiunculis levibus,
id. Vesp. 24; Hor. S. 2, 3, 163; id. Ep. 1, 6, 28; Verg. G. 3, 441 al.:vina temptant caput,
attack, affect, Plin. 23, 1, 20, § 35.— Absol.:temptantis aquas non nocere,
unwholesome, Plin. 20, 7, 26, § 68; cf. Verg. G. 2, 94.—Transf., to try; to prove, put to the test; to attempt, essay a course of action, etc. (so most freq.; syn.: experior, periclitor).A.In gen., constr. with acc., with inf., with rel.-clause, with ut, or absol.(α).With acc.:(β).cum se ipse perspexerit totumque tentarit, intelleget, etc.,
Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 59; cf.:se in arte memoriae,
Quint. 11, 2, 34 (preceded by memoriam suam experiri):tentarem te, quo animo accipias,
Cic. Fam. 15, 16, 3:quo utamur quasi equis temptatis, sic amicitiā aliquā parte periclitatis moribus amicorum,
id. Lael. 17, 63;alicujus scientiam auguratus,
id. Div. 1, 17, 32:tentarem summi regis prudentiam,
id. Tusc. 1, 41, 98:ut satis impulsas tentavit pollice chordas,
Ov. M. 10, 145:culturam agelli, Lucr 5, 1368: iter per provinciam per vim, Caes B. G. 1, 14: negatā iter viā,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 22 Bosporum, id. ib. 3, 4, 31:Thetim ratibus,
Verg. E. 4, 32:Oceanum,
Tac. G. 34 fin.:Istrum, Claud. Cons. Prob. et Olybr. 135: aditus,
Verg. A. 4, 293:temptanda via est,
id. G. 3, 8:ad tentandum vadum fluminis,
Curt. 4, 9, 15:nullo modo animus audientis aut incitari aut leniri potest, qui modus a me non tentatus sit,
Cic. Or. 38, 132:rem frustra,
Caes. B. C. 1, 26:belli fortunam,
id. B. G. 1, 36; so,fortunam,
id. ib. 3, 6; 7, 64; Sall. J. 7, 1:periculum,
Cic. Cornel. Fragm. 1:quaestionem,
id. Clu. 57, 157:patientiam vestram,
id. Agr. 2, 7, 19:spem pacis,
Liv. 21, 12, 3; cf.:spem triumphi,
id. 28, 38, 4: libertatem, [p. 1856] id. 6, 18, 11:relationem,
id. 33, 23, 3:intercessionem,
id. 9, 8, 13:silentium nequicquam per praeconem,
id. 8, 33, 2:crimina,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 80:majora,
id. ib. 1, 17, 24:caelestia,
id. ib. 1, 17, 34 et saep.—With rel.-clause:(γ).tentavi, quid in eo genere possem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 7:tentabam, spiraret an non,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 26:quae sit fortuna facillima, temptat,
Verg. A. 11, 761:cum tentaret si qua res esset cibi,
something to eat, Phaedr. 4, 7, 4:tenta, Chrysogonus quanti doceat,
Juv. 7, 175.—With inf.:(δ).aquā prohibere hostem tentare coepit,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 40:tentabo etiam de hoc dicere,
Quint. 6, 2, 29; 2, 14, 1:(sol) caelum radiis accendere tentans,
Lucr. 5, 659:tentarunt aequore tingi,
Ov. M. 2, 172:(vestis) frustra tentata revelli,
id. ib. 9, 168:taurus irasci in cornua temptat,
Verg. A. 12, 104:nemo in sese tentat descendere,
Pers. 4, 23:litteras deferre,
Curt. 3, 7, 13; Juv. 7, 5.—With ut:(ε).cum ille Romuli senatus tentaret post Romuli excessum, ut ipse gereret sine rege rem publicam,
Cic. Rep. 2, 12, 23:quid aliud hoc judicio tentatur, nisi ut id fieri liceat?
id. Rosc. Am. 5, 13; Suet. Caes. 11.— Impers. pass.:tentatum a L. Sextio tribuno plebis, ut rogationem ferret, etc.,
Liv. 4, 49, 6.—Absol.:B.tenta quā lubet,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 4, 20:ne tentando cautiorem faceret,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 23.—In partic., to try any one, in a friendly or hostile manner; to urge, incite; to tempt, sound, tamper with; also, to excite, disquiet, disturb, agitate:quem ego toties omni ratione tentans ad disputandum elicere non potuissem,
Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 13:cum per Drusum saepe tentassem,
id. ib. 1, 21, 97:utrum admonitus an tentatus an, etc.... pervenerit ad hanc improbitatem nescio,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 41, § 105:cum a proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2:animos servorum spe et metu, ut, etc.,
Cic. Clu. 63, 176:animos popularium,
Sall. J. 48, 1:animos singulorum ad res novas,
Suet. Tib. 12 fin.:animum precando,
Verg. A. 4, 113:judicium pecunia,
Cic. Clu. 4, 9; 30, 80:aliquem promissis et minis,
Tac. H. 1, 75; cf.:tentatā Othonianorum fide per colloquium et promissa,
id. ib. 2, 20:tribunos de fugae societate,
Suet. Ner. 47:deos multā caede bidentium,
Hor. C. 3, 23, 14:Junonem tentare Ixion ausus,
Tib. 1, 3, 73; cf. Ov. A. A. 1, 389; Val. Max. 6, 1, 7:nationes lacessere bello et tentare,
to agitate, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 23; cf.:ut exsul potius tentare quam consul vexare rem publicam posses,
id. Cat. 1, 10, 27:in his rebus evertendis unius hominis senectus, infirmitas solitudoque tentata est,
id. Rab. Perd. 1, 2:militis iras,
Luc. 2, 529; Vulg. Gen. 22, 1 et saep.
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Classe D'espace Aérien — Les classes d espace aérien associent à des zones tridimensionnelles dans l espace aérien un code, en l occurrence une lettre, qui détermine le niveau de contrôle de la zone en question. Par « niveau de contrôle » on entend un ensemble… … Wikipédia en Français
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Classe Hardi — Le Hardi Histoire Cl … Wikipédia en Français