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101 сигнал
cue, indication, message, U signal, signal, signal waveform* * *сигна́л м.
signalвосстана́вливать сигна́л — regenerate a signalвосстана́вливать фо́рму сигна́ла — regenerate a signalсигна́л выделя́ется, напр. на нагру́зочном сопротивле́нии — the signal is developed, e. g., across the load resistorдетекти́ровать сигна́л — detect [demodulate] a signalзаде́рживать сигна́л — delay a signalзаме́шивать [сме́шивать] сигна́л жарг. — combine [mix] a signal (with …)запомина́ть сигна́л в инверти́рованной фо́рме вчт. — store a signal in inverted [negated] form, store an inverted [negated] signalсигна́л име́ет ограни́ченную полосу́ часто́т — the signal is band-limitedинверти́ровать сигна́л — invert [negate] a signalсигна́л искажа́ется шу́мом — the signal is corrupted by noiseквантова́ть сигна́л по вре́мени — sample a signalквантова́ть сигна́л по у́ровню — quantize a signalограни́чивать сигна́л све́рху — limit the signal, flatten the signal at the positive peakограни́чивать сигна́л сни́зу — clip the signal, flatten the signal at the negative peakпо сигна́лу — in response [according] to a signalавтопило́т управля́ет самолё́том по сигна́лу от … — the autopilot flies [controls, steers] the airplane in response [according] to a signal from …опера́ция счи́тывания начина́ется по сигна́лу «x [m2]» — the “x ” signal initiates a read operation, the “x ” signal causes a read operation to be initiatedпо сигна́лу «x [m2]» схе́ма сраба́тывает — the “x ” signal causes the circuit to operateпреобразо́вывать ана́логовый сигна́л в дискре́тный — digitize an analog signalсигна́л разветвля́ется в то́чке A — at A point the signal tracks [follows] different pathsсигна́л си́льно заби́т шума́ми — the signal is deeply buried in noise, the signal is obscured by noiseскла́дывать сигна́лы A и B — combine signals A and B, combine signal A with signal Bсогласо́вывать сигна́лы по вре́мени — time signalsформирова́ть сигна́л — generate [produce, provide] a signalавари́йный сигна́л — alarm (signal), emergency signalакусти́ческий сигна́л — audible [audio, acoustic(al) ] signalамплиту́дно-модули́рованный сигна́л — amplitude-modulated [AM] signalсигна́л бе́дствия — distress signalви́димый сигна́л — visual signalвходно́й сигна́л — input [incoming] signalвходно́й, синусоида́льный сигна́л ( вид стандартного испытательного сигнала) — sinusoidal excitationвызывно́й сигна́л тлф. — call [ringing] signalвыходно́й сигна́л — output signalвыходно́й сигна́л повторя́ет входно́й сигна́л — the output (signal) follows [tracks] the input (signal)сигна́л гаше́ния — blank(ing) signalгеодези́ческий сигна́л — observing towerгетероди́нный сигна́л — ( в приёмниках) heterodyne [local-oscillator] signal, heterodyne [local-oscillator] frequency; ( в передатчиках) injection [conversion] signal, injection [conversion] frequencyсигна́л гото́вности — ready signalсигна́л гото́вности к приё́му ( в фототелеграфии) — ready-to-receive signalсигна́л гото́вности к приё́му набо́ра но́мера — dial toneабоне́нту посыла́ется сигна́л гото́вности ста́нции к приё́му набо́ра но́мера — a dial tone informs the user that it is proper to make the callгруппово́й сигна́л ( в многоканальной связи) — composite signalсигна́л для вхожде́ния в сеть радио — netting callсигна́л забо́я оши́бки телегр. — erasure signalсигна́л закры́тия (сеа́нса) свя́зи — closing-down [end-of-work] sign(al)сигна́л за́нятости тлф. — (audible) busy signal, busy toneсигна́л за́нятости, мига́ющий тлф. — busy flash signalсигна́л за́писи вчт. — write signalзапреща́ющий сигна́л — inhibit signalсигна́л запро́са — challenging [interrogation] signalзатуха́ющий сигна́л — decaying signalзвуково́й сигна́л — audible [sound, audio] signalзвуково́й, автомоби́льный сигна́л — motor car hornзонди́рующий сигна́л ( в дискретных системах передачи) — sounding signalзу́ммерный сигна́л — buzzer signalизбира́тельный сигна́л — selective signalизбы́точный сигна́л — redundant signalсигна́л изображе́ния тлв. — picture signalсигна́л изображе́ния и синхрониза́ции тлв. — composite [sync-and-picture] signalи́мпульсный сигна́л ( результат квантования по времени) — sampled signal, signal sampleи́мпульсный, входно́й сигна́л ( форма испытательного сигнала) — impulse input (function)и́мпульсный, выходно́й сигна́л ( отклик на выходной сигнал) — impulse (function) responseиндивидуа́льный сигна́л ( в многоканальной связи) — channel signalинформацио́нный сигна́л — intelligence signalсигна́л ка́дровой синхрониза́ции — frame [vertical] sync signalкванто́ванный сигна́л (по амплитуде, по уровню) — quantized signalконтро́льный сигна́л — monitor(ing) signalсигна́л контро́ля посы́лки вы́зова — call-confirmation signalсигна́л конца́ ле́нты вчт. — end-of-tape [EOT] signalсигна́л конца́ сообще́ния вчт. — end-of-message [EOM] signalлине́йный сигна́л ( вид испытательного сигнала) — ramp input, ramp functionло́жный сигна́л — spurious [false] signalсигна́л, модули́рованный по амплиту́де — amplitude-modulated [AM] signalсигна́л, модули́рованный по фа́зе — phase-modulated [FM] signalсигна́л, модули́рованный по частоте́ — frequency-modulated [FM] signalмодули́рующий сигна́л1. modulating signal2. (в проводной высокочстотной, а также радиосвязи — информационный сигнал до переноса в другой частотный диапазон или до модуляции несущей или поднесущей) baseband signalмо́дулирующий, тона́льный сигна́л ( в системах передачи данных) — baseband signalсигна́л на вы́ходе телека́меры — camera signalсигна́л недосту́пности но́мера тлф. — out-of-order [trouble] toneсигна́л неиспра́вности — fault signalнепреры́вный сигна́л — analog [continuous] signalнеразбо́рчивый сигна́л радио — unreadable signalсигна́л обра́тной свя́зи — feedback signalсигна́л обры́ва програ́ммы радио — program(me) failure alarmобъединё́нный сигна́л ( в многоканальной связи) — combined signalразделя́ть объединё́нный сигна́л по кана́лам — separate the combined signal into channelsограни́ченный сигна́л — bounded signalсигна́л, ограни́ченный по частоте́ — band-limited signalоднополо́сный сигна́л [ОПС] — single-sideband SSB signal (см. тж. ОПС)сигна́л опознава́ния цве́та ( в системе СЕКАМ) тлв. — colour identification signalопознава́тельный сигна́л — identification signalопо́рный сигна́л — reference signalопти́ческий сигна́л — optical signalсигна́л остано́вки — stop sign(al)сигна́л отбо́я тлф. — ringoff [clearing] signalсигна́л отбо́я со стороны́ вызыва́емого абоне́нта тлф. — clear-forward signalсигна́л отве́та АТС ( приглашение к набору) — proceed-to-select signalсигна́л отве́та ( приглашение к передаче) [m2]ручно́й ста́нции — proceed-to-transmit signalсигна́л отпира́ния ЭЛТ — (CRT) unblank signalотражё́нный сигна́л — echo (signal), return signal (e. g., from the target)сигна́л оши́бки — error signalсигна́л оши́бки ориента́ции (напра́вленной) анте́нны — pointing error signalсигна́л перено́са вчт. — carry (signal)сигна́л переполне́ния вчт. — overflow signalпериоди́ческий сигна́л — periodic signalпобо́чный сигна́л радио — spurious signalподавля́емый сигна́л — victim signalсигна́л подтвержде́ния — acknowledgement [ACK] signalпожа́рный сигна́л — fire-alarm signalпозывно́й сигна́л радио — call sign(al), call letterполе́зный сигна́л (в противовес наводке, шумам или помехе) — legitimate [valid] signalпо́лный сигна́л тлв. — composite colour [picture] signalсигна́л поме́хи ( от глушащих станций) — electronic countermeasure [ECM] signalпотенциа́льный сигна́л — level signalпредупреди́тельный сигна́л — warning signalпреры́вистый сигна́л — intermittent signalсигна́л ( сигнальная комбинация) пробе́ла — space signalпростра́нственно-модули́рованный сигна́л — spatially modulated signalпсевдослуча́йный сигна́л — pseudorandom signalпусково́й сигна́л — starting signalсигна́л рассогласова́ния — error signalсигна́л с акти́вной па́узой — non-return-to-zero [NRZ] signalсветово́й сигна́л — light signal; ( световое табло) light annunciator, illuminated call-outсинфа́зный сигна́л — common-mode [in-phase] signalсинхронизи́рующий сигна́л — synchronizing signalсигна́л систе́мы поса́дки по прибо́рам, просто́й — ( для международной системы) raw ILS signal; ( для советской системы) raw СП signalсоставно́й сигна́л — composite signalсигна́л с пасси́вной па́узой — return-to-zero [RZ] signalсигна́л с пода́вленной несу́щей — suppressed-carrier signalстациона́рный сигна́л — stationary [non-time-varying] signalсигна́л стира́ния оши́бки ( в буквопечатающих аппаратах) — erasure signalстроби́рующий сигна́л — gate [gating] signalступе́нчатый сигна́л ( результат квантования по уровню) — quantized signal, quantized waveformступе́нчатый, входно́й сигна́л ( форма испытательного сигнала) — step input (junction)ступе́нчатый, выходно́й сигна́л ( отклик на входной сигнал) — step (function) responseсигна́л счи́тывания вчт. — read(ing) [sense] signalсигна́л тона́льного вы́зова тлф. — call toneсигна́л то́чного вре́мени — (standard) time signalпередава́ть сигна́лы то́чного вре́мени ( по радио) — broadcast [distribute] (standard) time signalsтрево́жный сигна́л — alarm signalсигна́л уклоне́ния от ку́рса навиг. — off course warningуправля́ющий сигна́л — control signalупрежда́ющий сигна́л — anticipatory signalсигна́л установле́ния соедине́ния тлф., телемех. — call-connected signalхрони́рующий сигна́л — timing signalсигна́л цве́тности тлв. — ( до модуляции поднесущей) chrominance [video colour-difference] signal; ( после модуляции поднесущей) chroma [modulated subcarrier] signalсигна́л цветны́х поло́с, испыта́тельный тлв. — colour-bar-chart signalцветово́й сигна́л тлв. — colour signalчасто́тно-модули́рованный сигна́л — frequency-modulated [FM] signalшумово́й сигна́л — noise (signal) -
102 still
I 1. adjective1) pred. stillhold or keep something still — etwas ruhig halten
hold or keep a ladder/horse still — eine Leiter/ein Pferd festhalten
hold still! — halt still!
keep or stay still — stillhalten; (not change posture) ruhig bleiben; [Pferd:] stillstehen; [Gegenstand:] liegen bleiben
stand still — stillstehen; [Uhr:] stehen; [Arbeit:] ruhen; (stop) stehen bleiben
2) (calm) ruhig3) (without sound) still; ruhig5) (hushed) leise2. adverb1) (without change) noch; (expr. surprise or annoyance) immer nochdrink your tea while it is still hot — trink deinen Tee, solange er [noch] heiß ist
2) (nevertheless) trotzdemstill, what can you do about it? — aber was kann man dagegen tun?
become fatter still or still fatter — noch od. immer dicker werden
3. nounbetter/worse still — as sentence-modifier besser/schlimmer noch
(Photog.) Fotografie, dieII nounDestillierapparat, der* * *I 1. [stil] adjective1) (without movement or noise: The city seems very still in the early morning; Please stand/sit/keep/hold still while I brush your hair!; still (= calm) water/weather.) still2) ((of drinks) not fizzy: still orange juice.) nicht schäumend2. noun(a photograph selected from a cinema film: The magazine contained some stills from the new film.) die Einzelaufnahme- academic.ru/70778/stillness">stillness- stillborn II [stil] adverb1) (up to and including the present time, or the time mentioned previously: Are you still working for the same firm?; By Saturday he had still not / still hadn't replied to my letter.) (immer) noch2) (nevertheless; in spite of that: Although the doctor told him to rest, he still went on working; This picture is not valuable - still, I like it.) dennoch3) (even: He seemed very ill in the afternoon and in the evening looked still worse.) noch* * *still1[stɪl]I. nin the \still of the night in der Stille der NachtII. adj2. (motionless) reglos, bewegungslos\still photo Standfoto ntto be \still as a statue regungslos wie eine Statue seinto keep \still stillhalten, sich akk nicht bewegento sit/stand \still stillsitzen/stillstehen3. inv (not fizzy) drink ohne Kohlensäure nach n; mineral water still, ohne Kohlensäure nach n; wine nicht moussierend4.▶ a \still small voice ein leises StimmchenIII. vt▪ to \still sb jdn zur Ruhe bringen▪ to \still sth etw zum Stillstand bringen2. (calm)to \still sb's doubts/fears/worries jdm seine Ängste/Zweifel/Bedenken nehmento \still sb's complaining/protests jds Beschwerden/Proteste zum Verstummen bringenshe cuddled her baby to \still its cries sie knuddelte ihr Baby, damit es aufhörte zu schreienstill2[stɪl]adv invI'm \still hungry ich habe immer noch Hungerwe've \still got some wine left over from the party wir haben von dem Fest noch ein paar Flaschen Wein übrigthere's \still time for us to get to the cinema before the film starts wir können es noch schaffen, ins Kino zu kommen, bevor der Film anfängtto be \still alive noch leben [o am Leben sein]to be \still possible immer noch möglich sein2. (nevertheless) trotzdemI know you don't like her but you \still don't have to be so rude to her ich weiß, du kannst sie nicht leiden, aber deswegen brauchst du nicht gleich so unhöflich zu ihr zu sein..., but he's \still your brother... er ist immer noch dein Brudereven though she hasn't really got the time, she \still offered to help obwohl sie eigentlich gar keine Zeit hat, hat sie dennoch angeboten zu helfen3. (greater degree) noch\still further/higher/more noch weiter/höher/mehrto want \still more immer noch mehr wollenbetter/worse \still noch besser/schlimmer, besser/schlimmer nochI'll meet you at the theatre — no, better \still, let's meet in a pub ich treffe dich im Theater — oder nein, treffen wir uns besser in einem Pubstill3[stɪl]nmoonshine/whisky \still Schwarz-/Whiskybrennerei fillicit \still Schwarzbrennerei f, illegale Brennerei* * *I [stɪl]1. adj, adv (+er)to keep still — stillhalten, sich nicht bewegen
to stand/sit still — still stehen/sitzen
time stood still — die Zeit stand still
2) (= quiet, calm) stillbe still! (US) —
2. adjwine nicht moussierend; drink ohne Kohlensäure3. n1) Stille fin the still of the night — in der nächtlichen Stille, in der Stille der Nacht
still(s) photographer — Fotograf(in) m(f)
4. vt(liter: calm) beruhigen; anger besänftigen; sounds zum Verstummen bringen; passion, pain abklingen lassen, stillen5. visich legen II1. adv1) (temporal) noch; (for emphasis, in exasperation, used on its own) immer noch; (in negative sentences) noch immer, immer noch; (= now as in the past) nach wie voris he still coming? —
she is still in the office (with emphasis) — sie ist noch im Büro sie ist immer noch im Büro
do you mean you still don't believe me? — willst du damit sagen, dass du mir immer noch nicht or noch immer nicht glaubst?
I will still be here — ich werde noch da sein
will you still be here at 6? — bist du um 6 noch da?
the results have still to be published — die Ergebnisse müssen ( erst) noch veröffentlicht werden
there are ten weeks still to go —
there will still be objections, no matter... — es wird nach wie vor Einwände geben, egal...
2) (esp US inf = nevertheless, all the same) trotzdemstill, it was worth it — es hat sich trotzdem gelohnt
still, he's not a bad person — na ja, er ist eigentlich kein schlechter Mensch
still, he is my brother — er ist trotz allem mein Bruder
rich but still not happy —
still, at least we didn't lose anything — na ja, wir haben wenigstens nichts dabei verloren
still, what can you expect? — was kann man auch anderes erwarten?
better still, do it this way —
still more ( so) because... — und umso mehr, als..., und umso mehr, weil...
more serious still or still more serious is... — noch ernster ist...
worse still,... — schlimmer noch,...
2. conj(und) dennoch IIInDestillierapparat m; (= small distillery) Brennerei f* * *still1 [stıl]3. still, leise4. ruhig, friedlich, still6. still (Mineralwasser etc):still wine Stillwein mB s1. poet Stille f:2. FILM Standfoto nC v/tD v/i still werden, sich beruhigenstill2 [stıl]A adv1. (immer) noch, noch immer, bis jetzt:points still unsettled bis jetzt oder noch (immer) ungeklärte Fragen;I still can’t believe it ich kann es noch immer nicht glauben;the worst is still to come das Schlimmste steht noch bevor2. (beim komp) noch, immer:better still, … od noch besser, …;still higher, higher still noch höher;still more so because umso mehr als4. poet oder dial immer, stetsB konj und doch, dennochstill3 [stıl]A s1. a) Destillierkolben mb) Destillierapparat mB v/t & v/i obs destillieren* * *I 1. adjective1) pred. stillbe still — [still] stehen; [Fahne:] sich nicht bewegen; [Hand:] ruhig sein
hold or keep something still — etwas ruhig halten
hold or keep a ladder/horse still — eine Leiter/ein Pferd festhalten
keep or stay still — stillhalten; (not change posture) ruhig bleiben; [Pferd:] stillstehen; [Gegenstand:] liegen bleiben
stand still — stillstehen; [Uhr:] stehen; [Arbeit:] ruhen; (stop) stehen bleiben
2) (calm) ruhig3) (without sound) still; ruhig4) (not sparkling) nicht moussierend [Wein]; still [Mineralwasser]5) (hushed) leise2. adverb1) (without change) noch; (expr. surprise or annoyance) immer nochdrink your tea while it is still hot — trink deinen Tee, solange er [noch] heiß ist
2) (nevertheless) trotzdemstill, what can you do about it? — aber was kann man dagegen tun?
become fatter still or still fatter — noch od. immer dicker werden
3. nounbetter/worse still — as sentence-modifier besser/schlimmer noch
(Photog.) Fotografie, dieII nounDestillierapparat, der* * *adj.noch adj.ruhig adj.still adj.unbewegt adj. adv.immer noch adv.nach wie vor adv. conj.dennoch konj.doch konj. -
103 signal
сигнал || сигнализировать, подавать сигнал- amplitude signal
- analog signal
- anisochronous digital signal
- asynchronous signal
- backward error signal
- baseband signal
- basic signal
- bidirectional signal
- binary signal
- blocking signal
- burst isochronous signal
- bus available signal
- bus-reply signal
- carry clear signal
- carry complete signal
- carry initiating signal
- carry signal
- clipped signal
- clock signal
- coded signal
- common-mode signal
- communication signal
- control signal
- correcting signal
- cutoff signal
- data-path signal
- data-ready signal
- delayed signal
- derivative signal
- detectable signal
- digital signal
- disconnect signal
- discrete signal
- disturbed naught signal
- disturbed one signal
- disturbed zero signal
- disturbing signal
- duty-cycle signal
- echo signal
- echoed signal
- emergency signal
- enabling signal
- end-of-data signal
- erasure signal
- error location signal
- error signal
- external signal
- false signal
- fault signal
- feedback control signal
- feedback signal
- feedback loop signal
- finite-length signal
- forward error signal
- frequency signal
- gate signal
- gating signal
- go-ahead signal
- good/bad signal
- guard signal
- high-level signal
- impulse-type signal
- impulse signal
- inhibiting signal
- inhibit signal
- in-phase signals
- input signal
- intensity signal
- interrupt signal
- isochronous digital signal
- jump signal
- level signal
- locking signal
- longitudinal output signal
- loop input signal
- monitoring signal
- monitor signal
- multibit signal
- naught signal
- negative-going signal
- noisy signal
- nonprint signal
- off-hook signal
- one signal
- on-off-type signal
- optical signal
- output signal
- output-enable signal
- partial naught signal
- partial one signal
- partial select signal
- partial zero signal
- phasing signal
- pickup signal
- picture signal
- pilot signal
- playback signal
- positive-going signal
- program-interrupt signal
- pulse-type signal
- pulse signal
- quantized signal
- random signal
- rank-ordered signals
- read-back signal
- reading signal
- reference input signal
- refresh signal
- remaining signal
- request signal
- reset signal
- residual signal
- return signal
- ring signal
- seizing signal
- sense signal
- shift-left signal
- shift-right signal
- shutdown signal
- speech signal
- spurious signal
- square wave signal
- square signal
- start signal
- start-dialing signal
- start-of-block signal
- startup signal
- stepwise signal
- stimulus signal
- stopping signal
- stop signal
- supervisory signal
- synchronizing signal
- threshold signal
- timing signal
- transverse output signal
- trigger signal
- trouble signal
- undisturbed naught signal
- undisturbed one signal
- undisturbed zero signal
- valid-data signal
- video signal
- voice signal
- voted signal
- weighted signal
- write signal
- zero signalEnglish-Russian dictionary of computer science and programming > signal
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104 picture
1) изображение2) тлв. кадр•- busy picture
- coded picture
- color picture
- composite picture
- consecutive base layers pictures
- current picture
- fuzzy picture
- high-resolution still picture
- index picture
- infrared picture
- intra-coded picture
- monochrome picture
- motion picture
- moving picture
- negative picture
- positive picture
- predictive-coded picture
- radio picture
- reconstructed picture
- scrambled picture
- still picture
- studio picture
- test picture
- thermal picture
- UV picture
- video pictureEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > picture
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105 pulse
1) импульс2) метка•- ac pulse- actuating pulse
- basic pulse
- battery pulse
- bell-shaped pulse
- blackout pulse
- blanking pulse
- break pulse
- broadened optical pulses
- burst-gate pulse
- call-indicator pulse
- check pulse
- clock pulse
- closing pulse
- code pulse
- comparison pulse
- composite pulse
- compressed pulse
- control pulse
- cosine pulse
- current pulse
- currentless pulse
- data current pulse
- data pulse
- dc pulse
- delta pulse
- dial pulse
- digital pulses
- disabling pulse
- drive pulse
- edit pulse
- electromagnetic pulse
- elementary pulse
- emitter pulse
- equalizing pulse
- field-blanking pulse
- field-synchronizing pulse
- flat pulse
- frame-synchronizing pulse
- gating pulse
- ghost pulse
- half-sine pulse
- horizontal blanking pulse
- horizontal-retrace blanking pulse
- horizontal-synchronizing pulse
- inductive pulse
- inhibit pulse
- key pulse
- killer pulse
- line-frequency blanking pulse
- line-synchronizing pulse
- load pulse
- locking pulse
- marker pulse
- marking pulse
- master-synchronization pulse
- metering pulse
- multimode pulse
- negative pulse
- Nyquist pulse
- optical pulse
- picture synchronizing pulse
- pointed pulse
- positive pulse
- potential pulse
- quench pulse
- quenching pulse
- radio-frequency pulse
- rectangular pulse
- reference frame pulse
- reset pulse
- restorer pulse
- ring-off pulse
- sample pulse
- sawtooth pulse
- short optical pulses
- short-time pulse
- sine pulse
- single-phase pulse
- single-polarity pulse
- spacing pulse
- start pulse
- stop pulse
- strobe pulse
- strobing pulse
- stub pulse
- suppressor pulse
- sync pulse
- synchronizing pulse
- tail pulse
- teledata pulse
- tone pulse
- trapezoidal pulse
- tripping pulse
- unidirectional pulse
- unit pulse
- unlocking pulse
- vertical synchronizing pulse
- video pulse
- voltage pulse
- write pulseEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > pulse
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106 terminal
1) контактный зажим, клемма, вывод2) терминал, абонентский пункт3) вход/выход цепи или ЭРЭ•- administrator terminal
- air terminal
- alpha-mosaic terminal
- alpha-numeric terminal
- antenna terminal
- application terminal
- audioconference terminal
- AV-IN terminals
- axial terminal
- batch terminal
- bitmap terminal
- blocked terminal
- buffered terminal
- calibrating terminal
- carrier terminal
- character-mode terminal
- communication terminal
- compact terminal
- computer terminal
- customer terminal
- data terminal
- demultiplexing terminal
- destination terminal
- dial-up terminal
- dumb terminal
- Earth terminal
- earth terminal
- equipment terminal
- feedthrough terminal
- gateway terminal
- gold-plated terminal
- ground terminal
- hand-held satellite terminal
- home terminal
- initiating terminal
- input terminal
- intelligent terminal
- job-oriented terminal
- lead terminal
- light-wave terminal
- limited-intelligence terminal
- line terminal
- magnetic-tape terminal
- master terminal
- mobile terminal
- movable satellite terminal
- movable two-sided paging terminal
- multifunctional terminal
- multiplexing terminal
- negative terminal
- neutral terminal
- nonintelligent terminal
- off-line paging terminal
- on-line paging terminal
- on-premise terminal
- output terminal
- paging terminal
- personal terminal
- phase terminal
- pin terminal
- point-of-sale terminal
- polled terminal
- polling terminal
- portable satellite terminal
- positive terminal
- printer terminal
- quiescent terminal
- radio terminal
- radioheadset terminal
- radiotelephone terminal
- receiving terminal
- remote-data terminal
- remote-entry terminal
- residential terminal
- satellite terminal
- secured terminal
- signal earth terminal
- silver-plated terminal
- slave terminal
- smart terminal
- Speakers A terminal
- Speakers B terminal
- special terminal
- speech terminal
- standalone terminal
- standard subscriber terminal
- strip terminal
- subscriber terminal
- supply terminal
- telecommunication terminal
- telegraph terminal
- telephone terminal
- teleprinter terminal
- teleprocessing terminal
- ten-base terminal
- touch-protected terminal
- traffic terminal
- transmitting terminal
- transparent terminal
- two-module subscriber terminal
- typesetting terminal
- video terminal
- videotex terminal
- virtual terminal
- wireless terminalEnglish-Russian dictionary of telecommunications and their abbreviations > terminal
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107 alter
alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):I.alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!
Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,
Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,
id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:alterae,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.Lit.A.In gen.:B.nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:altera ex duabus legionibus,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;cum altero vero magnus usus,
Cic. Clu. 42, 117:alter consulum,
Liv. 40, 59:alter ex censoribus,
id. 40, 52:in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,
on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,
Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,
Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,
Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —Esp.1.a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:b.Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,
Cato, R. R. 38, 9:alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,
Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;alteram Camulogenus tenebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,
Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;c.ea optima est,
Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;venio ad alteram,
Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,
Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,
Eutr. 1, 8:Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,
Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:(α).Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,
id. ib.:alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,
Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimesone alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):(β).duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,
Liv. 29, 33:hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; orthe form changed:d.dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,
Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,
Amm. 14, 11.—In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;e.alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,
id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —The second alter in a different case:2.alter alterius ova frangit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49:uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,
Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,
Liv. 5, 11:alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,
Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,
Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:dicunt unus ad alterum,
Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,
ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,
Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:ut nemo sit alteri similis,
Quint. 2, 9, 2:cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,
id. 7, prooem. 4:neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:ut neutra alteri officiat,
Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,
Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:b.primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,
id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:quadriennio post alterum consulatum,
id. Sen. 9:die altero,
Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,
Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:die altero,
ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,
Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,
every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,
Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,
next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,
id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:c.accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,
on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,
in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:vicesima et altera laedit,
Manil. 4, 466.—So of a number collectively:d.remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,
a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,
Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,
a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.(α).For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):(β).unus et alter dies intercesserat,
Cic. Clu. 26:adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,
id. Att. 14, 18:et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,
Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:e.Unus et item alter,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,
Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:ex illis unus et alter ait,
Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,
Tac. G. 6.—Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):f.etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:altero tanto aut sesqui major,
Cic. Or. 56, 188:altero tanto longior,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:numero tantum alterum adjecit,
Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—Alteri totidem, as many more:g.de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,
Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,(α).With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):(β).Verres, alter Orcus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:alterum se Verrem putabat,
id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:Hamilcar, Mars alter,
Liv. 21, 10.—With a com. noun:(γ).me sicut alterum parentem observat,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8:altera patria,
Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):(δ).vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5:me alterum se fore dixit,
id. Att. 4, 1:quoniam alterum me reliquissem,
id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):3.amicus est tamquam alter idem,
Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:II.non uterque sed alter,
Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,
id. Att. 11, 18:melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,
Liv. 1, 13:nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,
Ov. A. A. 3, 520:ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,
Quint. 5, 10, 69:ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,
id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—Transf.A.Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:B.qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 14:ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,
id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:scientem in errorem alterum inducere,
id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:cave ne portus occupet alter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,
id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,
Phaedr. 1, 19:nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,
Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,
Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,
ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,
ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,
id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:qui me alter audacior est homo?
id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—The other, the opposite:C.alterius factionis principes,
the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,
Suet. Tib. 11. —In gen., different:D.quotiens te speculo videris alterum,
Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).► The gen.alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:► ‡ altĕras, adv.alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).[alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll. -
108 alteras
alter, tĕra, tĕrum, adj. (the measure of the gen. sing. āltĕrĭŭs as paeon primus is supported in good Latin only by examples from dactylic verse (but see alterĭus in trochaic measure, Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 56), in which īpsĭŭs, īllĭŭs, īstĭŭs, ūnĭŭs, etc., are used as dactyls; on the contr., the regular measure āltĕrīŭs, as ditrochaeus, is sufficiently confirmed by the foll. verses of Enn., Ter., and Ter. Maur.: mox cum alterīus abligurias bona, Enn. ap. Donat. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25 (Sat. 29 Vahl.):I.alterīus sua comparent commoda? ah!
Ter. And. 4, 1, 4:nec alter[imacracute]us indigéns opís veni,
Ter. Maur. p. 2432 P.;and sescupló vel una víncet alter[imacracute]us singulum,
id. ib. p. 2412 ib.; Prisc. p. 695 ib.; alterius is also commonly used as the gen. of alius, as alīus is little used (v. h. v. fin.).— Dat. sing. f.:alterae,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 30; Caes. B. G. 5, 27; Nep. Eum. 1, 6; Col. 5, 11, 10) [a comp. form of al-ius; cf. Sanscr. antara = alius; Goth. anthar; Lith. antras = secundus; Germ. ander; Gr. heteros; Engl. either, other; also Sanscr. itara = alius], the other of two, one of two, the other, ho heteros.Lit.A.In gen.:B.nam huic alterae patria quae sit, profecto nescio,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 45:necesse est enim sit alterum de duobus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 97:altera ex duabus legionibus,
Caes. B. C. 2, 20: mihi cum viris ambobus est amicitia;cum altero vero magnus usus,
Cic. Clu. 42, 117:alter consulum,
Liv. 40, 59:alter ex censoribus,
id. 40, 52:in alterā parte fluminis legatum reliquit,
on the other side, Caes. B. G. 2, 5; id. B. C. 3, 54:si quis te percusserit in dexteram maxillam tuam, praebe illi et alteram,
Vulg. Matt. 5, 39; 28, 1.—Hence: alter ambove, one or both; commonly in the abbreviation:A. A. S. E. V. = alter ambove si eis videretur: utique C. Pansa, A. Hirtius consules alter ambove S. E. V. rationem agri habeant,
Cic. Phil. 5 fin. Wernsd.; cf. id. ib. 8, 11; 9, 7 fin.; 14, 14 fin.; cf.Brison. Form. pp. 218 and 219: absente consulum altero ambobusve,
Liv. 30, 23: ambo alterve, S. C. ap. Front. Aquaed. 100 fin. —Esp.1.a.. In distributive clauses: alter... alter, the one... the other (cf. alius, II. A.): ho heteros... ho heteros:b.Si duobus praefurniis coques, lacunā nihil opus erit. Cum cinere eruto opus erit, altero praefurnio eruito, in altero ignis erit,
Cato, R. R. 38, 9:alteram ille amat sororem, ego alteram,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 68; id. Am. 1, 2, 19; 1, 2, 20; Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 50:quorum alter exercitum perdidit, alter vendidit,
Cic. Planc. 35; so id. Rosc. Am. 6, 16: namque alterā ex parte Bellovaci instabant;alteram Camulogenus tenebat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 59 Herz.:conjunxit alteram (cortinam) alteri,
Vulg. Exod. 36, 10; 36, 22; ib. Joan. 13, 14; ib. Rom. 12, 5.—In same sense, unus... alter, one... the other, as in later Gr. heis men... heteros de: vitis insitio una est per ver, altera est cum uva floret;c.ea optima est,
Cato, R. R. 41, 1: Phorm. Una injuria est tecum. Chrem. Lege agito ergo. Phorm. Altera est tecum, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 90: uni epistolae respondi;venio ad alteram,
Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6:nomen uni Ada, et nomen alteri Sella,
Vulg. Gen. 4, 19; ib. Matt. 6, 24:Erant duae factiones, quarum una populi causam agebat, altera optimatium,
Nep. Phoc. 3, 1; Liv. 31, 21:consules coepere duo creari, ut si unus malus esse voluisset, alter eum coërceret,
Eutr. 1, 8:Duo homines ascenderunt in templum, unus pharisaeus et alter publicanus,
Vulg. Luc. 18, 10 al. —Sometimes a subst., or hic, ille, etc., stands in the place of the second alter:(α).Epaminondas... Leonidas: quorum alter, etc... Leonidas autem, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 2, 30, 97; so Vell. 2, 71, 3:alter gladiator habetur, hic autem, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:quorum alteri Capitoni cognomen est, iste, qui adest, magnus vocatur,
id. ib.:alterum corporis aegritudo, illum, etc.,
Flor. 4, 7.—Sometimesone alter is entirely omitted (cf. alius, II. A.; heteros, L. and S. I. 2.):(β).duae turmae haesere: altera metu dedita hosti, pertinacior (sc. altera), etc.,
Liv. 29, 33:hujus lateris alter angulus ad orientem solem, inferior ad meridiem spectat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 13; orthe form changed:d.dialecticam adjungunt et physicam, alteram quod habeat rationem.... Physicae quoque etc.,
Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 72, and 3, 22, 73. —Sometimes a further distributive word is added:alter adulescens decessit, alter senex, aliquis praeter hos infans,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:alter in vincula ducitur, alter insperatae praeficitur potestati, alius etc.,
Amm. 14, 11.—In plur.: nec ad vivos pertineat, nec ad mortuos;e.alteri nulli sunt, alteros non attinget,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:alteri dimicant, alteri victorem timent,
id. Fam. 6, 3: binas a te accepi litteras; quarum alteris mihi gratulabare... alteris dicebas etc., in one of which,... in the other, id. ib. 4, 14:quorum alteri adjuvabant, alteri etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17: duplices similitudines, unae rerum, alterae verborum, Auct. ad Her. 3, 20. —The second alter in a different case:2.alter alterius ova frangit,
Cic. N. D. 2, 49:uterque numerus plenus, alter alterā de causā habetur,
Macr. Somn. Scip. 2:qui noxii ambo, alter in alterum causam conferant,
Liv. 5, 11:alteri alteros aliquantum attriverant,
Sall. J. 79, 4; so id. ib. 42, 4;53, 7 al. —Also with alteruter: ne alteruter alterum praeoccuparet,
Nep. Dion. 4, 1.—With unus:quom inter nos sorderemus unus alteri,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 30:dicunt unus ad alterum,
Vulg. Ez. 33, 30:ne unus adversus alterum infletur pro alio,
ib. 1 Cor. 4, 6.—With uterque:uterque suo studio delectatus contempsit alterum,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 4:utrique alteris freti finitimos sub imperium suum coëgere,
Sall. J. 18, 12.—With nemo, nullus, neuter:ut nemo sit alteri similis,
Quint. 2, 9, 2:cum tot saeculis nulla referta sit causa, quae esset tota alteri similis,
id. 7, prooem. 4:neutrum eorum contra alterum juvare,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3:ut neutra alteri officiat,
Quint. 1, 1, 3.—After two substt., the first alter generally refers to the first subst., and the second to the second:Philippum rebus gestis superatum a filio, facilitate video superiorem fuisse. Itaque alter semper magnus, alter saepe turpissimus,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf. Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 21; Brem. ad Suet. Claud. 20.—Sometimes the order is reversed: contra nos (summa gratia et eloquentia) raciunt in hoc tempore;quarum alteram (i. e. eloquentiam) vereor, alteram (i. e. gratiam) metuo,
Cic. Quinct. 1; so id. Off. 3, 18; 1, 12; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 9, 2, 6.—As a numeral = secundus, the second, the next, o heteros:b.primo die, alter dies, tertius dies, deinde reliquis diebus etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 7:proximo, altero, tertio, reliquis consecutis diebus non intermittebas etc.,
id. Phil. 1, 13 Wernsd.:quadriennio post alterum consulatum,
id. Sen. 9:die altero,
Vulg. Jos. 10, 32: alteris Te mensis adhibet deum, i. e. at the dessert (= mensā secundā), Hor. C. 4, 5, 31.—So, alterā die, the next day, têi allêi hêmerai, têi heterai:se alterā die ad conloquium venturum,
Caes. B. C. 3, 19; Vulg. Gen. 19, 34; ib. Matt. 27, 62:die altero,
ib. Num. 11, 32; ib. Jos. 5, 11 al.—So in comparative sense:alterā die quam a Brindisio solvit, in Macedoniam trajecit,
Liv. 31, 14; Suet. Vit. 3:intermittere diem alterum quemque oportet,
every other day, Cels. 3, 23; 3, 13; 4, 12:Olea non continuis annis, sed fere altero quoque fructum adfert,
Col. R. R. 5, 8.—With prepp.:qui (Ptolemaeus) tum regnabat alter post Alexandream conditam,
next after, Cic. Off. 2, 23, 82; so, fortunate puer, tu nunc eris alter ab illo, the second or next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49:alter ab undecimo jam tum me ceperat annus,
id. ib. 8, 39.—Hence,Also with tens, hundreds, etc.:c.accepi tuas litteras, quas mihi Cornificius altero vicesimo die reddidit,
on the twenty-second day, Cic. Fam. 12, 25 Manut.:anno trecentesimo altero quam condita Roma erat,
in the three hundred and second year, Liv. 3, 33:vicesima et altera laedit,
Manil. 4, 466.—So of a number collectively:d.remissarios pedum XII., alteros pedum X.,
a second ten, Cato, R. R. 19, 2:ad Brutum hos libros alteros quinque mittemus,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 121:basia mille, deinde centum, dein mille altera, dein secunda centum,
Cat. 5, 7.—So with the numeral understood: aurea mala decem misi;cras altera (sc. decem) mittam,
a second ten, Verg. E. 3, 71.—Hence,Unus et alter, unus atque alter, unus alterque, the one and the other.(α).For two (as in Gr. heis kai heteros):(β).unus et alter dies intercesserat,
Cic. Clu. 26:adductus sum tuis unis et alteris litteris,
id. Att. 14, 18:et sub eā versus unus et alter erunt,
Ov. H. 15, 182; so Suet. Tib. 63; id. Calig. 56; id. Claud. 12 (cf. id. Gram. 24: unum vel alterum, vel, cum plurimos, tres aut quattuor admittere).—More freq. of an indef. number, one and another; and: unusalterve, one or two:e.Unus et item alter,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 50:mora si quem tibi item unum alterumve diem abstulerit,
Cic. Fam. 3, 9; so id. Clu. 13, 38; 13, 26:versus paulo concinnior unus et alter,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 74; so id. S. 1, 6, 102; 2, 5, 24; id. A. P. 15:ex illis unus et alter ait,
Ov. F. 2, 394; id. Am. 2, 5, 22; Petr. 108; Plin. Pan. 45 Schwarz; cf. id. ib. 52, 2; Suet. Caes. 20; id. Galb. 14 al.:paucis loricae, vix uni alterive cassis aut galea,
Tac. G. 6.—Alterum tantum, as much more or again, twice as much (cf. Gr. heteron tosouton or hetera tosauta):f.etiamsi alterum tantum perdundum est, perdam potius quam sinam, etc.,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 81; so id. Bacch. 5, 2, 65:altero tanto aut sesqui major,
Cic. Or. 56, 188:altero tanto longior,
Nep. Eum. 8, 5; so Dig. 28, 2, 13:numero tantum alterum adjecit,
Liv. 1, 36; so id. 10, 46; Auct. B. Hisp. 30; Dig. 49, 14, 3 al.—Alteri totidem, as many more:g.de alteris totidem scribere incipiamus,
Varr. L. L. 8, 24 Müll. —To mark the similarity of one object to another in qualities, etc., a second, another (as in English, a second father, my second self, and the like). So,(α).With a proper name, used as an appellative (cf. alius, II. G.):(β).Verres, alter Orcus,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 50:alterum se Verrem putabat,
id. ib. 5, 33 fin.:Hamilcar, Mars alter,
Liv. 21, 10.—With a com. noun:(γ).me sicut alterum parentem observat,
Cic. Fam. 5, 8:altera patria,
Flor. 2, 6, 42 al. —Alter ego, a second self, of very intimate friends (in the class. per. perh. only in Cic. Ep.; cf. ho hetairos, heteros egô, Clem. Al. 450):(δ).vide quam mihi persuaserim te me esse alterum,
Cic. Fam. 7, 5:me alterum se fore dixit,
id. Att. 4, 1:quoniam alterum me reliquissem,
id. Fam. 2, 15; Aus. praef. 2, 15.—Alter idem, a second self, like heteroi hautoi, Arist. Eth. M. 8, 12, 3 (on account of the singularity of the expression, introduced by tamquam):3.amicus est tamquam alter idem,
Cic. Lael. 21, 82.—The one of two, either of two, without a more precise designation, for alteruter:II.non uterque sed alter,
Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:fortasse utrumque, alterum certe,
id. Att. 11, 18:melius peribimus quam sine alteris vestrūm vivemus,
Liv. 1, 13:nec rogarem, ut mea de vobis altera amica foret,
Ov. A. A. 3, 520:ex duobus, quorum alterum petis, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 3:ex duobus (quorum necesse est alterum verum), etc.,
Quint. 5, 10, 69:ac si necesse est in alteram errare partem, maluerim etc.,
id. 10, 1, 26; 1, 4, 24; 9, 3, 6 al.—Once also with a negative, neither of two: hos, tamquam medios, [p. 98] nec in alterius favorem inclinatos, miserat rex, Liv. 40, 20, 4.—Transf.A.Another of a class = alius (as opp. to one's self, to another); subst., another, a neighbor, a fellow-creature, ho pelas (so sometimes heteros, Xen. Cyr. 2, 3, 17); cf. Ochsn. Eclog. 90 and 458 (alter designates the similarity of two objects; alius a difference in the objects contrasted): SI. INIVRIAM. FAXIT. ALTERI., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Gell. 20, 1:B.qui alterum incusat probri, eum ipsum se intueri oportet,
Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 58; id. Am. prol. 84: mox dum alterius abligurias bona, quid censes dominis esse animi? Enn. ap. Don. ad Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 25:ut malis gaudeant atque ex incommodis Alterius sua ut comparent commoda,
Ter. And. 4, 1, 3: qui alteris exitium paret, etc., Att. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 17, 39:qui nihil alterius causā facit et metitur suis commodis omnia,
Cic. Leg. 1, 14:ut aeque quisque altero delectetur ac se ipso,
id. Off. 1, 17, 56; 1, 2, 4:scientem in errorem alterum inducere,
id. ib. 3, 13, 55 et saep.:cave ne portus occupet alter,
Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 32 Schmid.:nil obstet tibi, dum ne sit te ditior alter,
id. S. 1, 1, 40; 1, 5, 33:canis parturiens cum rogāsset alteram, ut etc.,
Phaedr. 1, 19:nec patientem sessoris alterius (equum) primus ascendit,
Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58:in quo judicas alterum, te ipsum condemnas,
Vulg. Rom. 2, 1:nemo quod suum est quaerat, sed quod alterius,
ib. 1 Cor. 10, 24;14, 17: sic in semet ipso tantum gloriam habebit et non in altero,
ib. Gal. 6, 4 al. —Hence, alter with a neg., or neg. question and comp., as an emphatic expression (mostly ante-class.; cf.alius, II. H.): scelestiorem nullum illuxere alterum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 22:scelestiorem in terrā nullam esse alteram,
id. Cist. 4, 1, 8:qui me alter audacior est homo?
id. Am. 1, 1, 1; id. Ep. 1, 1, 24.—The other, the opposite:C.alterius factionis principes,
the leaders of the opposite party, Nep. Pelop. 1, 4 (cf. id. ib. 1, 2:adversariae factioni): studiosiorem partis alterius,
Suet. Tib. 11. —In gen., different:D.quotiens te speculo videris alterum,
Hor. C. 4, 10, 6: abeuntes post carnem alteram (Gr. heteros, q. v. L. and S. III.), Vulg. Jud. 7.—In the lang. of augury, euphem. for infaustus, unfavorable, unpropitious, Fest. p. 6 (v. L. and S. Gr. Lex. s. v. heteros, III. 2.).► The gen.alterius commonly serves as gen. of alius instead of alīus, Cic. Fam. 15, 1, 1; id. Att. 1, 5, 1; 1, 20, 2; Caes. B. G. 1, 36, 1; Sall. C. 52, 8; Liv. 21, 13, 3; 22, 14, 4; 26, 8, 2; 28, 37, 6 al.; Col. 8, 17, 2; 11, 2, 87; 12, 22, 2; Sen. Ep. 72, 10; 102, 3; id. Ben. 4, 3, 1; id. Ot. Sap. 4, 1; id. Brev. Vit. 16, 2; id. Q. N. 2, 34, 1 al.; Quint. 7, 9, 8; 8, 3, 73 al.; Tac. A. 15, 25; id. H. 2, 90; Plin. Ep. 10, 114, 2; Suet. Caes. 61; id. Tib. 58 al.; Gell. 2, 28 al.—It also stands as correlative to alius:► ‡ altĕras, adv.alius inter cenandum solutus est, alterius continuata mors somno est,
Sen. Ep. 66, 39:cum inventum sit ex veris (gemmis) generis alterius in aliud falsas traducere,
Plin. 37, 12, 75, § 197; Plin. Pan. 2, 6 (Neue, Formenl. II. p. 216).[alter], for alias, acc. to Paul. ex. Fest. p. 27 Müll. -
109 ante
antĕ (old form anti, whence antidea, antideo, antidhac; v. antea, anteeo, and antehac) [Gr. anti, over against, facing, anta, antên; Sanscr. anti = over against; Germ. ant- in Ant-wort = Goth. anda-vaurdi, an answer, anda-nahti, the night before], prep. and adv. (acc. to Max. Victor. p. 1953, as prep. with the grave accent; as adv. with the acute on the last syl.).I.Prep. with acc., before (syn.: prae, pro).A.In space, or trop. in regard to estimation, judgment, or rank (usu. only of objects at rest. while prae is used of those in motion; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 21; v. exceptions infra).1.In space:2.quem ante aedīs video,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:ante ostium Me audivit stare,
Ter. And. 3, 1, 16; so Vulg. Lev. 1, 5:Ornatas paulo ante fores,
Juv. 6, 227; so Vulg. Num. 3, 26:ante meum limen,
Juv. 11, 190:ante suum fundum,
Cic. Mil. 10:ut ante suos hortulos postridie piscarentur,
id. Off. 3, 14, 58:ante sepulcrales infelix adstitit aras,
Ov. M. 8, 480; so Verg. A. 1, 344; 3, 545; Juv. 10, 268:ante altaria,
id. 8, 155; so Vulg. Deut. 26, 4; ib. Matt. 5, 24. —Of persons:ante hosce deos erant arulae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3:quīs ante ora patrum contigit oppetere,
Verg. A. 1, 95; id. G. 4, 477:ipsius unam (navem) ante oculos pontus in puppim ferit,
id. A. 1, 114; 2, 531; 2, 773:ante se statuit funditores,
Liv. 42, 58:Flos Asiae ante ipsum,
Juv. 5, 56; Vulg. Matt. 17, 2:si luditur alea pernox Ante Numantinos,
Juv. 8, 11.— Trop.:ante oculos collocata,
Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 192:ante oculos errat domus,
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 57: [p. 128] causam ante eum diceret, before him as judge, Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 9:donec stet ante judicium,
Vulg. Josh. 20, 6; ib. Marc. 13, 9.—And in eccl. Lat., after the Heb. and Hel. Gr., before, in the sight of, in the judgment of:ante Dominum vilior fiam,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 6, 21 sq.:non te justifices ante Deum,
ib. Eccli. 7, 5:justi ambo ante Deum,
ib. Luc. 1, 6;and fully: fecit Asa rectum ante conspectum Domini,
ib. 3 Reg. 15, 11; ib. Apoc. 12, 10.—Hence, homines ante pedes (in later Lat.), servants; cf. the annotators upon Juv. 7, 143.—With verbs of motion:ante me ito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 70:equitatum omnem ante se mittit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:ante ceteras cohortes extra aciem procurrere,
id. B. C. 1, 55:praecurrit ante omnes,
id. ib. 2, 34; so Nep. Dat. 3, 2; Liv. 7, 41; 45, 40 al.; Vulg. Lev. 27, 11; ib. 1 Reg. 12, 2.—Trop. of preference in judgment, or regulations in respect to rank, before (this is properly the signification of prae, q. v.; hence more rare than that, and never used by Cic.): quem ante me diligo, before myself, more than myself, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15.—So ante aliquem esse, to surpass, excel any one:a.facundiā Graecos, gloriā belli Gallos ante Romanos fuisse,
Sall. C. 53, 3, ubi v. Corte and Kritz:tum me vero et ante Alexandrum et ante Pyrrhum et ante omnes alios imperatores esse,
superior to, Liv. 35, 14:necessitas ante rationem est,
necessity knows no law, Curt. 7, 7, 10.—Hence very freq. (but mostly poet. and post-class.),Ante alios, ante omnes, ante ceteros, etc., before others, before all, etc., to designate a comparative relation;b.also sometimes, for the sake of emphasis, with comparatives and superlatives: tibi, Neptune, ante alios deos gratias ago,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 5; so Ov. M. 10, 120:scito illum ante omnīs minumi mortalem preti,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 8:tua ante omnes experientia,
Tac. A. 2, 76; 1, 27; Liv. 1, 9:Junoni ante omnīs candentis vaccae media inter cornua (pateram) fundit,
Verg. A. 4, 59:Ipse est ante omnes,
Vulg. Col. 1, 17:O felix una ante alias Priameïa virgo,
Verg. A. 3, 321:ante omnes furor est insignis equarum,
id. G. 3, 266:scelere ante alios immanior omnīs,
id. A. 1, 347; Liv. 5, 42:ante alios pulcherrimus omnīs Turnus,
Verg. A. 7, 55; so Nep. Att. 3, 3; Liv. 1, 15; cf. Rudd. II. p. 82; II. p. 101; II. p. 305.—Ante omnia.(α).Before all things, first of all:(β).alvus ante omnia ducitur,
Cels. 7, 30:oportet autem ante omnia os nudare,
id. 8, 2:Ante omnia instituit, ut etc.,
Suet. Ner. 32; id. Calig. 21:Ante omnia autem, fratres, etc.,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 12; ib. 1 Petr. 4, 8.—Comparatively, above all, especially, chiefty:(γ).publica maestitia eo ante omnia insignis, quia matronae annum, ut parentem, eum luxerunt,
Liv. 2, 7; 7, 4:quae natura multis et ante omnia ursis,
Plin. 8, 35, 53, § 125:dulces ante omnia Musae,
the Muses pleasing above all things, Verg. G. 2, 475; id. E. 2, 72:deformem et taetrum ante omnia vultum,
Juv. 10, 191.—In entering upon the discussion of several particulars, or in adducing arguments, first of all, in the first place (similar to ac primum quidem, kai prôton men oun; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 4, 2, 4):B.ante omnia quid sit rhetorice,
Quint. 2, 15, 1:ante omnia igitur imitatio per se ipsa non sufficit,
id. 10, 2, 4; so id. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 40; 4, 2, 52; 5, 13, 6; 9, 1, 23.—Of time.1.Before: ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 13; cf.a.Dirks. Transl. 177 sq.: ante lucem a portu me praemisisti domum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55; so Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 259; id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Suet. Galb. 22; Vulg. Luc. 24, 22:ante diem caupo sciet,
Juv. 9, 108:ante brumam,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 28:ante noctem,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 51:pereundum erit ante lucernas,
Juv. 10, 339:ante haec omnia,
Vulg. Luc. 21, 12.— The designation of time is often expressed paraphrastically.By a person who lived at the time:b.jam ante Socratem,
before the time of, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44:qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini,
before me, before my time, id. Cat. 4, 3:ante Jovem nulli subigebant arva coloni,
Verg. G. 1, 125:vixere fortes ante Agamemnona Multi,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 25:ante Helenam,
id. S. 1, 3, 107:ante se,
Tac. H. 1, 50:quod ante eum nemo,
Suet. Caes. 26 al. —By other objects pertaining to a particular time: ante hoc factum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 64:2.ante has meas litteras,
i. e. before the receipt of this letter, Cic. Fam. 13, 17:per hunc castissimum ante regiam injuriam sanguinem juro,
Liv. 1, 59:ante mare et terras, et quod tegit omnia, caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5:ante sidus fervidum,
Hor. Epod. 1, 27:ante cibum,
id. S. 1, 10, 61, and Juv. 6, 428:Hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta,
before their A B C, id. 14, 209:cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus?
Verg. A. 11, 424:Tecum prius ergo voluta Haec ante tubas,
Juv. 1, 169.—Also by the designation of the office of a person:ante aedilitatem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 17:ante sceptrum Dictaei regis,
Verg. G. 2, 536:ante imperium ducis,
Flor. 4, 2, 66:relictis multis filiis et in regno et ante regnum susceptis,
Just. 2, 10.—And by the designation of office in app. to the person:mortuus est ante istum praetorem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 45, 115:docuerant fabulas ante hos consules,
id. Brut. 18, 73:cum ante illum imperatorem clipeis uterentur,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 3:quos ante se imperatorem nemo ausus sit aspicere,
id. Epam. 8, 3.—A part. perf. or fut. pass. is freq. added to such substantives for the sake of explanation:ante hanc urbem conditam,
before the founding of this city, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (opp. post urbem conditam):non multo ante urbem captam,
id. Div. 1, 45:ante Epaminondam natum,
Nep. Epam. 10, 4:ante te cognitum multis orantibus opem tuli,
Sall. J. 110, 2:ante decemviros creatos,
Liv. 3, 53 al. —Hence particular phrases.a.Ante tempus,(α).Before the right time:(β).ante tempus excitatis suis,
Liv. 31, 36.—Before the appointed, proper, or lawful time:b.factus est consul bis, primum ante tempus,
Cic. Lael. 3:honores et ante tempus et quosdam novi generis cepit,
Suet. Aug. 26:venisti ante tempus torquere nos?
Vulg. Matt. 8, 29 (cf. annus, II. D.).—Ante diem, poet.,(α).Before the time:(β).Caesaribus virtus contigit ante diem,
Ov. A. A. 1, 184:ante diem vultu gressuque superbo Vicerat aequales,
Stat. S. 2, 1, 108.—Before the time destined by fate:c.filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos,
Ov. M. 1, 148:hic dolor ante diem Pandiona misit ad umbras,
id. ib. 6, 675; id. A. A. 3, 739:sed misera ante diem subitoque accensa furore, etc.,
Verg. A. 4, 697 (cf. Soph. Antig. 461: ei de tou chronou prosthen thanoumai). —Ante hunc diem, with a negative:3.istunc hominem numquam audivi ante hunc diem,
never before this day, never until now, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 60; 4, 2, 7:neque umquam ante hunc diem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 19; 5, 4, 23:Novum crimen et ante hunc diem inauditum ad te Q. Tubero detulit,
Cic. Lig. 1, 1 (cf. Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 17: neque eum ante usquam conspexi prius). —Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number gives the date, not of the foregoing, but of the present day; e. g. ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Apriles, the fifth day before the calends of April. Orig. the ante belonged to Kalendas, and they said either, ante die quinto Kalendas (i. e. die quinto ante Kalendas), or ante diem quintum Kalendas; the latter phraseology became the prevailing one, and ante diem, being considered as one word, the prepp. in and ex could be prefixed; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 12; Duker ad Liv. 27, 23; Rudd. II. p. 291; Madv. Gr. Suppl. I.; Drak. ad Liv. 45, 2, 12: me ante diem XIII. Kalendas Januarias principem revocandae libertatis fuisse, the thirteenth before the calends of January, i. e. the 20 th of Dec., Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 20: ante diem XII. Kalendas Novembres, the 21 st of Oct.: ante diem VI. Kalendas Novembres, the 27 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ante diem VIII. Kalendas Decembres, the 24 th of Nov., id. Phil. 3, 8: a. d. IV. Id. Mart. (ante diem quartum Idus Martias), i. e. the 12 th of March, Liv. 40, 59: ante diem III. Non. Jan. M. Cicero natus est, i. e. on the 3 d of Jan., Gell. 15, 28 al.:4.in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 8: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3:ex ante diem VII. Id. Febr.,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1: nuntii venerant ex ante diem Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept., from the 3 d of June, Cic. Att. 3, 17:supplicatio indicta est ante diem V. Id. Oct. cum eo die in quinque dies,
Liv. 45, 2, 12.—Sometimes to designate the whole time until the passing moment:5.ante id tempus et mari et terrā duces erant Lace daemonii,
Nep. Arist. 2, 3:qui honos huic uni ante id tempus contigit,
id. Timoth. 2, 3:invictus ante eam diem fuerat,
Curt. 5, 3, 22.—Ante annos, before the destined time:6.Ante suos annos occidit,
Ov. Am. 2, 2, 46:Ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,
beyond his years, Verg. A. 9, 311 (cf.:suos annos praeterire,
Sil. 4, 428; and:annos transcendere factis,
id. 2, 348). —Ante hoc, for antea, antehac, belongs to the later Latin:II.ante hoc incognita,
Luc. 6, 116:ante hoc domūs pars videntur,
Tac. G. 13.Adv., of space and time (the latter most freq.).A.Of space, before, in front, forwards: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 9:B.fluvius ab tergo, ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat,
Liv. 27, 18; 22, 5:coronatus stabit et ante calix,
Tib. 2, 5, 98:plena oculis et ante et retro,
Vulg. Apoc. 4, 6.—Of motion (cf. supra, I. A. 1.):si aut manibus ingrediatur quis aut non ante, sed retro,
Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:pallida Tisiphone morbos agit ante metumque,
Verg. G. 3, 552.—1.. Of time, before, previously (always in reference to another past time, while ante as prep. is used in reference to the present).a.With verbs:b.nonne oportuit Praescīsse me ante,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 4:id te oro, ut ante eamus,
id. ib. 3, 3, 24;very freq. in Cic.: quod utinam illi ante accidisset,
Cic. Phil. 11, 14:quae ante acta sunt,
id. Verr. 1, 109:sicut ante fecimus,
Vulg. Jos. 8, 5; ib. Jud. 16, 20:fructus omnis ante actae vitae,
Cic. Marcell. 3; so Ov. M. 12, 115, and Tac. A. 6, 16:apud vos ante feci mentionem,
Cic. Agr. 3, 4:faciam hoc non novum, sed ab eis ante factum,
id. Verr. 1, 55; Verg. E. 9, 63; Juv. 3, 243; 15, 320:illud de quo ante dixi,
Cic. Sex. Rosc. 116:quos ante dixi,
id. Off. 2, 14, 50:ut ante dixi,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16; id. Mil. 45:quem ad modum ante dixi,
id. Sex. Rosc. 91:additis, quae ante deliquerant,
Tac. A. 6, 9:filium ante sublatum brevi amisit,
id. Agr. 6; id. G. 10; id. A. 11, 7; id. H. 2, 43.—And often accomp. by jam:acceperam jam ante Caesaris litteras, ut etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 49; id. Marcell. 12; id. Verr. 2, 23.—Rarely accomp. by saepe.:ut saepe ante fecerant,
Cic. Balb. 40; id. Rab. Post. 13.—Rarely with adjj.:c.non filius ante pudicus,
Juv. 3, 111:quos acciverat, incertum, experiens an et ante gnavos,
Tac. A. 14, 7.—Often with substt. in the abl. or acc. for a more accurate designation of time (cf. also abhinc with the abl. and acc.; in these cases ante was considered by the ancient critics as a prep., which could also govern the abl.; cf. Charis. p. 209 P.; Serv. ad Verg. E. 1, 30. The position of ante is sometimes before and sometimes after the subst., and sometimes between the numeral and the subst.):d.illos septem et multis ante saeculis Lycurgum accepimus fuisse sapientes,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7:etsi perpaucis ante diebus (i. e. before the departure of Theophilus, of whom mention is afterwards made) dederam Q. Mucio litteras ad te,
id. Fam. 4, 9:paucis diebus ante,
id. Phil. 2, 40:viginti annis ante,
id. Lael. 12, 42:voverat eam annis undecim ante,
Liv. 40, 52, 4 (cf. id. 40, 51:quae bello Ligustico ante annis octo vovisset): optimum erit ante annum scrobes facere,
a year before, Col. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7:Tyron urbem ante annum Trojanae cladis condiderunt,
a year before the fall of Troy, Just. 18, 3, 5:ante quadriennium amissus es,
four years previously, Tac. Agr. 45:aliquot ante annos,
Suet. Caes. 12; v. id. ib. 81 al.—With the advv. multo, paulo, aliquanto, tanto, quanto, and rarely permultum:2.multo ante prospexi tempestatem futuram,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:haud multo ante adventum,
Tac. Agr. 18.—And in the order ante multo:ante multo a te didicerimus,
Cic. Sen. 2, 6:Venisti paulo ante in senatum,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 16; id. Marcell. 7; id. Mil. 7; Tac. G. 41; id. H. 3, 68; Suet. Caes. 21; Vulg. Sap. 15, 8; ib. 2 Macc. 3, 30;6, 29 et saep.—And in the order ante paulo: quae ante paulo perbreviter attigi,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4:profectus est aliquanto ante furorem Catilinae,
id. Sull. 20, 56 bis; id. Verr. 1, 149.—And in the order ante aliquanto: ante aliquanto quam tu natus es, Cic. Fam. [p. 129] 10, 4; id. Vatin. 25; id. Verr. 2, 46:tanto ante praedixeras,
id. Phil. 2, 33:quod si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; 5, 78, 89; id. Cat. 3, 17; id. de Or. 1, 7, 26; so Quint. 2, 4, 28:quanto ante providerit,
Cic. Sest. 8:permultum ante certior factus eram litteris,
id. Fam. 3, 11; cf. Prisc. p. 1191 P.—Followed by quam (written also as one word, antequam; the form prius quam was more freq. in archaic Latin), sooner than; before.a.With ind. pres.:b.ante quam doceo id factum non esse, libet mihi,
Cic. Quinct. 48:ante quam ad sententiam redeo, de me pauca dicam,
id. Cat. 4, 20; id. Mil. 7; id. Deiot. 7; id. Clu. 6.—With ind. perf.:c.memini Catonem anno ante quam est mortuus mecum disserere,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11:anno ipso ante quam natus est Ennius,
id. Brut. 18, 72:ante aliquanto quam tu natus es,
id. Fam. 10, 3:neque ante dimisit eum quam fidem dedit,
Liv. 39, 10:ante quam ille est factus inimicus,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9.—Rarely with fut. perf.:d.ante provinciam sibi decretam audiet quam potuerit tempus ei rei datum suspicari,
Cic. Phil. 11, 24:neque defatigabor ante quam... percepero,
id. de Or. 3, 36, 145.—With subj. pres.:e.ante quam veniat in Pontum, litteras ad Cn. Pompeium mittet,
Cic. Agr. 2, 53:hac lege ante omnia veniunt, quam gleba una ematur,
id. ib. 2, 71; id. Sest. 15; id. Phil. 1, 1; Verg. E. 1, 60 sqq.; Vulg. Gen. 11, 4; ib. 4 Reg. 2, 9; ib. Matt. 6, 8.—With subj. imperf.:f.Romae et ad urbem, ante quam proficisceretur, quaerere coepit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 167:qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, fugientem vidit Antonium,
id. Phil. 14, 27; 8, 1; id. Verr. 4, 147; Vulg. Gen. 2, 5; 13, 10; ib. Matt. 1, 18; ib. Joan. 8, 58.—With subj. perf.:g.ante vero quam sit ea res adlata, laetitiā frui satis est,
Cic. Phil. 14, 1:domesticum malum opprimit ante quam prospicere potueris,
id. Verr. 1, 39; id. Sull. 44; id. Planc. 40:nec ante vincere desierint quam Rubro mari inclusis quod vincerent defuerit,
Liv. 42, 52:nec ante (barbam capillumque) dempserit quam vindicāsset,
Suet. Caes. 67.—With subj. pluperf.:h.se ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, sperāsse etc.,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 71:qui ante quam de meo adventu audire potuissent, in Macedoniam perrexi,
Cic. Planc. 98:ut consul ante fieret, quam ullum alium magistratum capere licuisset,
id. Imp. Pomp. 62; id. Quinct. 9; id. Verr. 2, 55; 2, 171.—With inf.:i.dici vix potest quam multa sint quae respondeatis ante fieri oportere, quam ad hanc rationem devenire,
Cic. Quinct. 54.—With part.:3.armati nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt,
Liv. 21, 15, 4 (on the use of these different constructions, v. Roby, §§ 1671, 1462, 1672 etc.; Draeger, Hist. Synt. II. pp. 589 sqq.;and esp. Fischer, Gr. § 621). —In the poets sometimes with quam before ante: Respice item quam nil ad nos anteacta vetustas Temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante,
Lucr. 3, 972:Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis, Ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, velim,
Tib. 4, 7, 8; Mart. 9, 36, 6.—Also in the poets sometimes pleon. ante—prius—quam:sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat Ante, pudor, quam te violo aut tua jura resolvo,
Verg. A. 4, 24; so,prius—quam— ante: Aut prius infecto deposcit praemia cursu, Septima quam metam triverit ante rota?
Prop. 3, 20, 25.—For the designation of order, foll. by tum, deinde, etc., first, in the first place (only in later Lat. for the class. primum):4.ut ante caput, deinde reliqua pars auferatur,
Cels. 7, 29:et ante dicam de his, quae, etc.: tum, etc.,
id. 5, 26:ante tonderi... deinde... tum, etc.,
id. 6, 6, 8; so Plin. 34, 13, 34, § 131 dub.—Very rarely used as adj. (in imitation of the Greek):III.neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum,
earlier, previous ills, Verg. A. 1, 198 (cf. tôn paros kakôn, Soph. O. T. 1423):ille elegit, qui recipit ante meliorem,
Quint. Decl. 1, 14; cf. Liv. 24, 82, 5 (on this use of the adv., v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 76, 5).In composition.A. B. C. D.In designations of time only with adjj. and advv.: antelucanus, antemeridianus, antehac, antelucio.With verbs, ante is more correctly written separately: ante actus, ante factus, ante gestus, ante paro, etc., although editions differ in this respect. V. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 361-390, and pp. 394-402. -
110 anti
antĕ (old form anti, whence antidea, antideo, antidhac; v. antea, anteeo, and antehac) [Gr. anti, over against, facing, anta, antên; Sanscr. anti = over against; Germ. ant- in Ant-wort = Goth. anda-vaurdi, an answer, anda-nahti, the night before], prep. and adv. (acc. to Max. Victor. p. 1953, as prep. with the grave accent; as adv. with the acute on the last syl.).I.Prep. with acc., before (syn.: prae, pro).A.In space, or trop. in regard to estimation, judgment, or rank (usu. only of objects at rest. while prae is used of those in motion; cf. Herz. ad Caes. B. G. 1, 21; v. exceptions infra).1.In space:2.quem ante aedīs video,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 136:ante ostium Me audivit stare,
Ter. And. 3, 1, 16; so Vulg. Lev. 1, 5:Ornatas paulo ante fores,
Juv. 6, 227; so Vulg. Num. 3, 26:ante meum limen,
Juv. 11, 190:ante suum fundum,
Cic. Mil. 10:ut ante suos hortulos postridie piscarentur,
id. Off. 3, 14, 58:ante sepulcrales infelix adstitit aras,
Ov. M. 8, 480; so Verg. A. 1, 344; 3, 545; Juv. 10, 268:ante altaria,
id. 8, 155; so Vulg. Deut. 26, 4; ib. Matt. 5, 24. —Of persons:ante hosce deos erant arulae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 3:quīs ante ora patrum contigit oppetere,
Verg. A. 1, 95; id. G. 4, 477:ipsius unam (navem) ante oculos pontus in puppim ferit,
id. A. 1, 114; 2, 531; 2, 773:ante se statuit funditores,
Liv. 42, 58:Flos Asiae ante ipsum,
Juv. 5, 56; Vulg. Matt. 17, 2:si luditur alea pernox Ante Numantinos,
Juv. 8, 11.— Trop.:ante oculos collocata,
Cic. de Or. 1, 43, 192:ante oculos errat domus,
Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 57: [p. 128] causam ante eum diceret, before him as judge, Cic. Verr. 1, 3, 9:donec stet ante judicium,
Vulg. Josh. 20, 6; ib. Marc. 13, 9.—And in eccl. Lat., after the Heb. and Hel. Gr., before, in the sight of, in the judgment of:ante Dominum vilior fiam,
Vulg. 2 Reg. 6, 21 sq.:non te justifices ante Deum,
ib. Eccli. 7, 5:justi ambo ante Deum,
ib. Luc. 1, 6;and fully: fecit Asa rectum ante conspectum Domini,
ib. 3 Reg. 15, 11; ib. Apoc. 12, 10.—Hence, homines ante pedes (in later Lat.), servants; cf. the annotators upon Juv. 7, 143.—With verbs of motion:ante me ito,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 70:equitatum omnem ante se mittit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 21:ante ceteras cohortes extra aciem procurrere,
id. B. C. 1, 55:praecurrit ante omnes,
id. ib. 2, 34; so Nep. Dat. 3, 2; Liv. 7, 41; 45, 40 al.; Vulg. Lev. 27, 11; ib. 1 Reg. 12, 2.—Trop. of preference in judgment, or regulations in respect to rank, before (this is properly the signification of prae, q. v.; hence more rare than that, and never used by Cic.): quem ante me diligo, before myself, more than myself, Balbus ap. Cic. Att. 8, 15.—So ante aliquem esse, to surpass, excel any one:a.facundiā Graecos, gloriā belli Gallos ante Romanos fuisse,
Sall. C. 53, 3, ubi v. Corte and Kritz:tum me vero et ante Alexandrum et ante Pyrrhum et ante omnes alios imperatores esse,
superior to, Liv. 35, 14:necessitas ante rationem est,
necessity knows no law, Curt. 7, 7, 10.—Hence very freq. (but mostly poet. and post-class.),Ante alios, ante omnes, ante ceteros, etc., before others, before all, etc., to designate a comparative relation;b.also sometimes, for the sake of emphasis, with comparatives and superlatives: tibi, Neptune, ante alios deos gratias ago,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 5; so Ov. M. 10, 120:scito illum ante omnīs minumi mortalem preti,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 8:tua ante omnes experientia,
Tac. A. 2, 76; 1, 27; Liv. 1, 9:Junoni ante omnīs candentis vaccae media inter cornua (pateram) fundit,
Verg. A. 4, 59:Ipse est ante omnes,
Vulg. Col. 1, 17:O felix una ante alias Priameïa virgo,
Verg. A. 3, 321:ante omnes furor est insignis equarum,
id. G. 3, 266:scelere ante alios immanior omnīs,
id. A. 1, 347; Liv. 5, 42:ante alios pulcherrimus omnīs Turnus,
Verg. A. 7, 55; so Nep. Att. 3, 3; Liv. 1, 15; cf. Rudd. II. p. 82; II. p. 101; II. p. 305.—Ante omnia.(α).Before all things, first of all:(β).alvus ante omnia ducitur,
Cels. 7, 30:oportet autem ante omnia os nudare,
id. 8, 2:Ante omnia instituit, ut etc.,
Suet. Ner. 32; id. Calig. 21:Ante omnia autem, fratres, etc.,
Vulg. Jac. 5, 12; ib. 1 Petr. 4, 8.—Comparatively, above all, especially, chiefty:(γ).publica maestitia eo ante omnia insignis, quia matronae annum, ut parentem, eum luxerunt,
Liv. 2, 7; 7, 4:quae natura multis et ante omnia ursis,
Plin. 8, 35, 53, § 125:dulces ante omnia Musae,
the Muses pleasing above all things, Verg. G. 2, 475; id. E. 2, 72:deformem et taetrum ante omnia vultum,
Juv. 10, 191.—In entering upon the discussion of several particulars, or in adducing arguments, first of all, in the first place (similar to ac primum quidem, kai prôton men oun; cf. Spald. ad Quint. 4, 2, 4):B.ante omnia quid sit rhetorice,
Quint. 2, 15, 1:ante omnia igitur imitatio per se ipsa non sufficit,
id. 10, 2, 4; so id. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 40; 4, 2, 52; 5, 13, 6; 9, 1, 23.—Of time.1.Before: ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. ad Her. 2, 13; cf.a.Dirks. Transl. 177 sq.: ante lucem a portu me praemisisti domum,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 55; so Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 259; id. Inv. 2, 4, 15; Suet. Galb. 22; Vulg. Luc. 24, 22:ante diem caupo sciet,
Juv. 9, 108:ante brumam,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 28:ante noctem,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 51:pereundum erit ante lucernas,
Juv. 10, 339:ante haec omnia,
Vulg. Luc. 21, 12.— The designation of time is often expressed paraphrastically.By a person who lived at the time:b.jam ante Socratem,
before the time of, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 44:qui honos togato habitus ante me est nemini,
before me, before my time, id. Cat. 4, 3:ante Jovem nulli subigebant arva coloni,
Verg. G. 1, 125:vixere fortes ante Agamemnona Multi,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 25:ante Helenam,
id. S. 1, 3, 107:ante se,
Tac. H. 1, 50:quod ante eum nemo,
Suet. Caes. 26 al. —By other objects pertaining to a particular time: ante hoc factum, Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 64:2.ante has meas litteras,
i. e. before the receipt of this letter, Cic. Fam. 13, 17:per hunc castissimum ante regiam injuriam sanguinem juro,
Liv. 1, 59:ante mare et terras, et quod tegit omnia, caelum,
Ov. M. 1, 5:ante sidus fervidum,
Hor. Epod. 1, 27:ante cibum,
id. S. 1, 10, 61, and Juv. 6, 428:Hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta,
before their A B C, id. 14, 209:cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus?
Verg. A. 11, 424:Tecum prius ergo voluta Haec ante tubas,
Juv. 1, 169.—Also by the designation of the office of a person:ante aedilitatem meam,
Cic. Att. 12, 17:ante sceptrum Dictaei regis,
Verg. G. 2, 536:ante imperium ducis,
Flor. 4, 2, 66:relictis multis filiis et in regno et ante regnum susceptis,
Just. 2, 10.—And by the designation of office in app. to the person:mortuus est ante istum praetorem,
Cic. Verr. 1, 45, 115:docuerant fabulas ante hos consules,
id. Brut. 18, 73:cum ante illum imperatorem clipeis uterentur,
Nep. Iphicr. 1, 3:quos ante se imperatorem nemo ausus sit aspicere,
id. Epam. 8, 3.—A part. perf. or fut. pass. is freq. added to such substantives for the sake of explanation:ante hanc urbem conditam,
before the founding of this city, Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7 (opp. post urbem conditam):non multo ante urbem captam,
id. Div. 1, 45:ante Epaminondam natum,
Nep. Epam. 10, 4:ante te cognitum multis orantibus opem tuli,
Sall. J. 110, 2:ante decemviros creatos,
Liv. 3, 53 al. —Hence particular phrases.a.Ante tempus,(α).Before the right time:(β).ante tempus excitatis suis,
Liv. 31, 36.—Before the appointed, proper, or lawful time:b.factus est consul bis, primum ante tempus,
Cic. Lael. 3:honores et ante tempus et quosdam novi generis cepit,
Suet. Aug. 26:venisti ante tempus torquere nos?
Vulg. Matt. 8, 29 (cf. annus, II. D.).—Ante diem, poet.,(α).Before the time:(β).Caesaribus virtus contigit ante diem,
Ov. A. A. 1, 184:ante diem vultu gressuque superbo Vicerat aequales,
Stat. S. 2, 1, 108.—Before the time destined by fate:c.filius ante diem patrios inquirit in annos,
Ov. M. 1, 148:hic dolor ante diem Pandiona misit ad umbras,
id. ib. 6, 675; id. A. A. 3, 739:sed misera ante diem subitoque accensa furore, etc.,
Verg. A. 4, 697 (cf. Soph. Antig. 461: ei de tou chronou prosthen thanoumai). —Ante hunc diem, with a negative:3.istunc hominem numquam audivi ante hunc diem,
never before this day, never until now, Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 60; 4, 2, 7:neque umquam ante hunc diem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 19; 5, 4, 23:Novum crimen et ante hunc diem inauditum ad te Q. Tubero detulit,
Cic. Lig. 1, 1 (cf. Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 17: neque eum ante usquam conspexi prius). —Ante diem (abbrev. a. d.) with an ordinal number gives the date, not of the foregoing, but of the present day; e. g. ante diem quintum (a. d. V.) Kalendas Apriles, the fifth day before the calends of April. Orig. the ante belonged to Kalendas, and they said either, ante die quinto Kalendas (i. e. die quinto ante Kalendas), or ante diem quintum Kalendas; the latter phraseology became the prevailing one, and ante diem, being considered as one word, the prepp. in and ex could be prefixed; cf. Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 3, 12; Duker ad Liv. 27, 23; Rudd. II. p. 291; Madv. Gr. Suppl. I.; Drak. ad Liv. 45, 2, 12: me ante diem XIII. Kalendas Januarias principem revocandae libertatis fuisse, the thirteenth before the calends of January, i. e. the 20 th of Dec., Cic. Phil. 14, 7, 20: ante diem XII. Kalendas Novembres, the 21 st of Oct.: ante diem VI. Kalendas Novembres, the 27 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3: ante diem VIII. Kalendas Decembres, the 24 th of Nov., id. Phil. 3, 8: a. d. IV. Id. Mart. (ante diem quartum Idus Martias), i. e. the 12 th of March, Liv. 40, 59: ante diem III. Non. Jan. M. Cicero natus est, i. e. on the 3 d of Jan., Gell. 15, 28 al.:4.in ante diem quartum Kal. Dec. distulit,
Cic. Phil. 3, 8: caedem te optimatium contulisse in ante diem V. Kal. Nov., to the 28 th of Oct., id. Cat. 1, 3:ex ante diem VII. Id. Febr.,
Varr. R. R. 1, 28, 1: nuntii venerant ex ante diem Non. Jun. usque ad prid. Kal. Sept., from the 3 d of June, Cic. Att. 3, 17:supplicatio indicta est ante diem V. Id. Oct. cum eo die in quinque dies,
Liv. 45, 2, 12.—Sometimes to designate the whole time until the passing moment:5.ante id tempus et mari et terrā duces erant Lace daemonii,
Nep. Arist. 2, 3:qui honos huic uni ante id tempus contigit,
id. Timoth. 2, 3:invictus ante eam diem fuerat,
Curt. 5, 3, 22.—Ante annos, before the destined time:6.Ante suos annos occidit,
Ov. Am. 2, 2, 46:Ante annos animumque gerens curamque virilem,
beyond his years, Verg. A. 9, 311 (cf.:suos annos praeterire,
Sil. 4, 428; and:annos transcendere factis,
id. 2, 348). —Ante hoc, for antea, antehac, belongs to the later Latin:II.ante hoc incognita,
Luc. 6, 116:ante hoc domūs pars videntur,
Tac. G. 13.Adv., of space and time (the latter most freq.).A.Of space, before, in front, forwards: post me erat Aegina, ante Megara, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 9:B.fluvius ab tergo, ante circaque velut ripa praeceps oram ejus omnem cingebat,
Liv. 27, 18; 22, 5:coronatus stabit et ante calix,
Tib. 2, 5, 98:plena oculis et ante et retro,
Vulg. Apoc. 4, 6.—Of motion (cf. supra, I. A. 1.):si aut manibus ingrediatur quis aut non ante, sed retro,
Cic. Fin. 5, 12, 35:pallida Tisiphone morbos agit ante metumque,
Verg. G. 3, 552.—1.. Of time, before, previously (always in reference to another past time, while ante as prep. is used in reference to the present).a.With verbs:b.nonne oportuit Praescīsse me ante,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 4:id te oro, ut ante eamus,
id. ib. 3, 3, 24;very freq. in Cic.: quod utinam illi ante accidisset,
Cic. Phil. 11, 14:quae ante acta sunt,
id. Verr. 1, 109:sicut ante fecimus,
Vulg. Jos. 8, 5; ib. Jud. 16, 20:fructus omnis ante actae vitae,
Cic. Marcell. 3; so Ov. M. 12, 115, and Tac. A. 6, 16:apud vos ante feci mentionem,
Cic. Agr. 3, 4:faciam hoc non novum, sed ab eis ante factum,
id. Verr. 1, 55; Verg. E. 9, 63; Juv. 3, 243; 15, 320:illud de quo ante dixi,
Cic. Sex. Rosc. 116:quos ante dixi,
id. Off. 2, 14, 50:ut ante dixi,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16; id. Mil. 45:quem ad modum ante dixi,
id. Sex. Rosc. 91:additis, quae ante deliquerant,
Tac. A. 6, 9:filium ante sublatum brevi amisit,
id. Agr. 6; id. G. 10; id. A. 11, 7; id. H. 2, 43.—And often accomp. by jam:acceperam jam ante Caesaris litteras, ut etc.,
Cic. Phil. 2, 49; id. Marcell. 12; id. Verr. 2, 23.—Rarely accomp. by saepe.:ut saepe ante fecerant,
Cic. Balb. 40; id. Rab. Post. 13.—Rarely with adjj.:c.non filius ante pudicus,
Juv. 3, 111:quos acciverat, incertum, experiens an et ante gnavos,
Tac. A. 14, 7.—Often with substt. in the abl. or acc. for a more accurate designation of time (cf. also abhinc with the abl. and acc.; in these cases ante was considered by the ancient critics as a prep., which could also govern the abl.; cf. Charis. p. 209 P.; Serv. ad Verg. E. 1, 30. The position of ante is sometimes before and sometimes after the subst., and sometimes between the numeral and the subst.):d.illos septem et multis ante saeculis Lycurgum accepimus fuisse sapientes,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7:etsi perpaucis ante diebus (i. e. before the departure of Theophilus, of whom mention is afterwards made) dederam Q. Mucio litteras ad te,
id. Fam. 4, 9:paucis diebus ante,
id. Phil. 2, 40:viginti annis ante,
id. Lael. 12, 42:voverat eam annis undecim ante,
Liv. 40, 52, 4 (cf. id. 40, 51:quae bello Ligustico ante annis octo vovisset): optimum erit ante annum scrobes facere,
a year before, Col. 4, 2; Plin. Ep. 8, 23, 7:Tyron urbem ante annum Trojanae cladis condiderunt,
a year before the fall of Troy, Just. 18, 3, 5:ante quadriennium amissus es,
four years previously, Tac. Agr. 45:aliquot ante annos,
Suet. Caes. 12; v. id. ib. 81 al.—With the advv. multo, paulo, aliquanto, tanto, quanto, and rarely permultum:2.multo ante prospexi tempestatem futuram,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:haud multo ante adventum,
Tac. Agr. 18.—And in the order ante multo:ante multo a te didicerimus,
Cic. Sen. 2, 6:Venisti paulo ante in senatum,
id. Cat. 1, 7, 16; id. Marcell. 7; id. Mil. 7; Tac. G. 41; id. H. 3, 68; Suet. Caes. 21; Vulg. Sap. 15, 8; ib. 2 Macc. 3, 30;6, 29 et saep.—And in the order ante paulo: quae ante paulo perbreviter attigi,
Cic. Rep. 2, 4:profectus est aliquanto ante furorem Catilinae,
id. Sull. 20, 56 bis; id. Verr. 1, 149.—And in the order ante aliquanto: ante aliquanto quam tu natus es, Cic. Fam. [p. 129] 10, 4; id. Vatin. 25; id. Verr. 2, 46:tanto ante praedixeras,
id. Phil. 2, 33:quod si Cleomenes non tanto ante fugisset,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; 5, 78, 89; id. Cat. 3, 17; id. de Or. 1, 7, 26; so Quint. 2, 4, 28:quanto ante providerit,
Cic. Sest. 8:permultum ante certior factus eram litteris,
id. Fam. 3, 11; cf. Prisc. p. 1191 P.—Followed by quam (written also as one word, antequam; the form prius quam was more freq. in archaic Latin), sooner than; before.a.With ind. pres.:b.ante quam doceo id factum non esse, libet mihi,
Cic. Quinct. 48:ante quam ad sententiam redeo, de me pauca dicam,
id. Cat. 4, 20; id. Mil. 7; id. Deiot. 7; id. Clu. 6.—With ind. perf.:c.memini Catonem anno ante quam est mortuus mecum disserere,
Cic. Lael. 3, 11:anno ipso ante quam natus est Ennius,
id. Brut. 18, 72:ante aliquanto quam tu natus es,
id. Fam. 10, 3:neque ante dimisit eum quam fidem dedit,
Liv. 39, 10:ante quam ille est factus inimicus,
Cic. Phil. 12, 9.—Rarely with fut. perf.:d.ante provinciam sibi decretam audiet quam potuerit tempus ei rei datum suspicari,
Cic. Phil. 11, 24:neque defatigabor ante quam... percepero,
id. de Or. 3, 36, 145.—With subj. pres.:e.ante quam veniat in Pontum, litteras ad Cn. Pompeium mittet,
Cic. Agr. 2, 53:hac lege ante omnia veniunt, quam gleba una ematur,
id. ib. 2, 71; id. Sest. 15; id. Phil. 1, 1; Verg. E. 1, 60 sqq.; Vulg. Gen. 11, 4; ib. 4 Reg. 2, 9; ib. Matt. 6, 8.—With subj. imperf.:f.Romae et ad urbem, ante quam proficisceretur, quaerere coepit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 167:qui (sol) ante quam se abderet, fugientem vidit Antonium,
id. Phil. 14, 27; 8, 1; id. Verr. 4, 147; Vulg. Gen. 2, 5; 13, 10; ib. Matt. 1, 18; ib. Joan. 8, 58.—With subj. perf.:g.ante vero quam sit ea res adlata, laetitiā frui satis est,
Cic. Phil. 14, 1:domesticum malum opprimit ante quam prospicere potueris,
id. Verr. 1, 39; id. Sull. 44; id. Planc. 40:nec ante vincere desierint quam Rubro mari inclusis quod vincerent defuerit,
Liv. 42, 52:nec ante (barbam capillumque) dempserit quam vindicāsset,
Suet. Caes. 67.—With subj. pluperf.:h.se ante quam eam uxorem duxisset domum, sperāsse etc.,
Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 71:qui ante quam de meo adventu audire potuissent, in Macedoniam perrexi,
Cic. Planc. 98:ut consul ante fieret, quam ullum alium magistratum capere licuisset,
id. Imp. Pomp. 62; id. Quinct. 9; id. Verr. 2, 55; 2, 171.—With inf.:i.dici vix potest quam multa sint quae respondeatis ante fieri oportere, quam ad hanc rationem devenire,
Cic. Quinct. 54.—With part.:3.armati nullum ante finem pugnae quam morientes fecerunt,
Liv. 21, 15, 4 (on the use of these different constructions, v. Roby, §§ 1671, 1462, 1672 etc.; Draeger, Hist. Synt. II. pp. 589 sqq.;and esp. Fischer, Gr. § 621). —In the poets sometimes with quam before ante: Respice item quam nil ad nos anteacta vetustas Temporis aeterni fuerit, quam nascimur ante,
Lucr. 3, 972:Non ego signatis quicquam mandare tabellis, Ne legat id nemo quam meus ante, velim,
Tib. 4, 7, 8; Mart. 9, 36, 6.—Also in the poets sometimes pleon. ante—prius—quam:sed mihi vel tellus optem prius ima dehiscat Ante, pudor, quam te violo aut tua jura resolvo,
Verg. A. 4, 24; so,prius—quam— ante: Aut prius infecto deposcit praemia cursu, Septima quam metam triverit ante rota?
Prop. 3, 20, 25.—For the designation of order, foll. by tum, deinde, etc., first, in the first place (only in later Lat. for the class. primum):4.ut ante caput, deinde reliqua pars auferatur,
Cels. 7, 29:et ante dicam de his, quae, etc.: tum, etc.,
id. 5, 26:ante tonderi... deinde... tum, etc.,
id. 6, 6, 8; so Plin. 34, 13, 34, § 131 dub.—Very rarely used as adj. (in imitation of the Greek):III.neque enim ignari sumus ante malorum,
earlier, previous ills, Verg. A. 1, 198 (cf. tôn paros kakôn, Soph. O. T. 1423):ille elegit, qui recipit ante meliorem,
Quint. Decl. 1, 14; cf. Liv. 24, 82, 5 (on this use of the adv., v. Kritz ad Sall. J. 76, 5).In composition.A. B. C. D.In designations of time only with adjj. and advv.: antelucanus, antemeridianus, antehac, antelucio.With verbs, ante is more correctly written separately: ante actus, ante factus, ante gestus, ante paro, etc., although editions differ in this respect. V. more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 361-390, and pp. 394-402. -
111 cur
cūr (old orthog. quor; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2236 P.; and in MSS. sometimes cor, v. Lachm. ad Lucr. II. p. 171 sq.), adv. [contr. from quare; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2231 P. and the letter C; acc. to Voss, Etym. s. h. v.; Analog. 4, 21, and Hand, Turs. II. p. 175, from cui rei; cf.:I.quoi rei,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 33 ], = quam ob rem, for what reason, wherefore, why, to what purpose, from what motive.Rel.:B.duae causae sunt, cur tu frequentior in isto officio esse debeas quam nos,
Cic. Fam. 15, 20, 2; so,causae, cur,
Quint. 11, 3, 16; and:ea causa, cur,
id. 2, 3, 11:non fuit causa, cur,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. id. Clu. 61, 169; so,causa non esset, cur,
id. N. D. 3, 4, 9:causa nulla est, cur,
id. Rosc. Am. 50, 146; id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:nihil est causae, cur,
Quint. 11, 3, 59:quae causa est, cur? etc.,
Cic. Lael. 13, 48:quid est causae, cur, etc.,
id. Fl. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 48, 185; id. Fam. 2, 13, 2:negare et adferre rationem cur negarent,
id. ib. 6, 8, 1:id satis magnum esse argumentum dixisti, cur esse deos confiteremur,
id. N. D. 1, 23, 62;so after argumenta,
id. ib. 3, 4, 10; id. Div. 1, 3, 5:est vero cur quis Junonem laedere nolit,
Ov. M. 2, 518;and with a negative: neque est, cur, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 51:non tamen est, cur,
Ov. H. 10, 144.- -And in dependent questions:quid est, cur tu in isto loco sedeas?
Cic. Clu. 53, 147; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; Liv. 21, 43, 12 et saep.:ne cui sit vestrum mirum, cur, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 1 al.:miror, cur me accusas,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 1; 5, 12, 30; id. Phil. 2, 20, 49 (v. miror, admiror, etc.):quā in re primum illud reprehendo et accuso, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 7, § 16:quod me saepe accusas, cur hunc meum casum tam graviter feram,
id. Att. 3, 13, 2; 3, 12, 1; id. Sest. 37, 80; Hor. C. 1, 33, 3:consules invasit, cur silerent,
Tac. A. 6, 4.—Pregn., = cujus causā, propter quod, on account of which, by reason of which:II.quid ergo accidit, cur consilium mutarem?
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 10:quid obstat, cur non verae fiant,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 76:fecerit aliquid Philippus, cur adversus eum... hoc decerneremus: quid Perseus meruit... cur soli omnium hostes ei simus?
Liv. 41, 24, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:Caedicius negare, se commissurum, cur sibi... quisquam imperium finiret,
id. 5, 46, 6; 10, 18, 14; Suet. Calig. 15; Ov. Am. 1, 3, 2:quid Aristides commisisset, cur tantā poenā dignus duceretur,
Nep. Arist. 1, 3:multa quidem dixi, cur excusatus abirem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7.—Interrog.: Ag. Quor mi haec irata est? Mi. Quor haec irata est tibi? Quor ego id curem? Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 143 sq.:B.quor perdis adulescentem nobis? quor amat? Quor potat?
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 36 sq.; cf.:quid agis? quor te is perditum?
id. And. 1, 1, 107:quor non introëo in nostram domum?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 253; Cic. Fam. 2, 18, 3:quorsum tan dem, aut cur ista quaeris?
id. Leg. 1, 1, 4: Er. Jube tibi agnum huc adferri propere pinguem. He. Quor? Er. Ut sacrufices, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 82: Me. Non possum. Ch. Quor non? Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 111:cur ego plebeios magistratus... video, etc.,
Liv. 2, 34, 9; 6, 15, 12.—In the poets sometimes placed after one or more words of a clause:stratege noster, quor hic cessat cantharus?
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 28:obsequium ventris mihi perniciosius est cur?
Hor. S. 2, 7, 104; 2, 3, 187.—Esp.1.Pregn.a.Implying censure, indignation, remonstrance, etc.:b.quor id aussu's facere?
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 114:cur es ausus subigitare, etc.,
id. Mil. 5, 9; id. Men. 3, 2, 28:sed quid ego? quor me excrucio? quor me macero?
Ter. And. 5, 3, 15:cur imperium illi, aut cur illo modo prorogatum est,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4; id. Div. 2, 30, 65:cur me querelis exanimas tuis?
Hor. C. 2, 17, 1.—Implying grief, sorrow, and, with negatives, desire, etc.: eheu me miserum, quor non aut istaec mihi Aetas et formast, etc., Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 17:c.heu me miserum, cur senatum cogor reprehendere?
Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 14; id. Fam. 2, 7, 5; id. Att. 2, 19, 1:cur ego tecum non sum?
id. ib. 16, 6, 2.—With potential subj., in excusing, deprecating censure, etc.:2.quor ego apud te mentiar?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 24; id. Most. 2, 2, 24:cur hunc tam temere quisquam ab officio discessurum judicaret?
Caes. B. G. 1, 40: pro urbis salute, cur non omnibus facultatibus, quas habemus, utamur, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 15; Cic. Cael. 29, 68 al.—Emphatic after si, cum, etc., implying a logical conclusion:3.tum id si falsum fuerat, filius quor non refellit?
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 53:nam, si res publica defenditur, cur ea consule isto ipso defensa non est?
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4; cf.:fac esse distentam... cur tam multos deos nihil agere patitur?
id. N. D. 3, 39, 93:cur autem quidquam ignoraret animus hominis, si esset deus?
id. ib. 1, 11, 28; Nep. Eum. 11, 4; Ov. F. 1, 257.—Strengthened by particles of inference: nam, enim, igitur, etc.: Am. Pestis te tenet. So. Nam quor istuc Dicis? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 31:nam cur me miseram verberas?
id. Aul. 1, 1, 3:quor simulas igitur?
Ter. And. 1, 1, 21:cur enim, inquies, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 55; Suet. Calig. 34; id. Claud. 4; v. Hand, Turs. II. pp. 175- 183. -
112 Gratia
grātĭa, ae, f. [gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others].I.(Acc. to gratus, I.) Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor):B.pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt pars hominum quam id quod prosint pluribus,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12:perspicio nihili meam vos facere gratiam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 68:ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae,
Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.:Sex. Roscius gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum,
id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15:deinde si maxime talis est deus, ut nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc.,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 124:neque quo Cn. Pompeii gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.:aliquem restituere in gratiam,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23:aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam,
id. Att. 1, 3, 3:in gratiam reducere,
id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf.also: cum aliquo in gratiam redire,
to reconcile one's self with one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.:alicujus gratiam sequi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.:si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos,
id. B. G. 4, 7, 4:ab aliquo inire gratiam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113:a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam,
id. Att. 7, 9, 3:magnam inire gratiam,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:quantam eo facto ad plebem inierat gratiam,
Liv. 33, 46, 7:apud regem gratiam initam volebant,
id. 36, 5, 3:at te apud eum, dii boni, quanta in gratia posui!
Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.;with a different construction: apud Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in gratia),
Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3:cum aliquo in laude et in gratia esse,
id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:inter vos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.:plerique (in divortio) cum bona gratia discedunt,
Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10;without bona: cum istuc quod postulo impetro cum gratia,
with a good grace, Ter. And. 2, 5, 11:omnia quae potui in hac summa tua gratia ac potentia a te impetrare,
credit, influence, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.:Iccius Remus, summa nobilitate et gratia inter suos,
Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8:gratiā plurimum posse,
id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.:quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valent,
id. ib. 7, 63, 1:gratiā valere,
id. B. C. 2, 44, 1:inproba quamvis Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,
Juv. 13, 4:quem triumphum magis gratiae quam rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat,
Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.:L. Murenae provincia multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit,
tokens of favor, Cic. Mur. 20, 42:cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat,
id. ib. 11, 24:non hominum potentium studio, non excellentibus gratiis paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem factum,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—Transf., objectively, like the Gr. charis, agreeableness, pleasantness, charm, beauty, loveliness, grace (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose;2.esp. freq. in Quint.): gratia formae,
Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3:corporis,
id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260:quid ille gratiae in vultu ostenderit,
Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26:unica nec desit jocundis gratia verbis,
charm, Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127:plenus est jucunditatis et gratiae (Horatius),
Quint. 10, 1, 96:sermonis Attici,
id. ib. 65;12, 10, 35: dicendi,
id. 9, 3, 74:brevitatis novitatisque,
id. ib. 58:omnis bene scriptorum,
id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.:uvis et vinis gratiam affert fumus fabrilis,
Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Charites, the goddesses of favor, loveliness, grace, etc., the three Graces, Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia, daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, collect., Ov. M. 6, 429.II. A.In gen. (rare): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est gratia, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.):B.ergo ab eo petito gratiam istam,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.:gratiam a patre si petimus, spero ab eo impetrassere,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 23:petivit in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.:quod beneficii gratiaeque causa concessit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.:hanc gratiam ut sibi des,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30:juris jurandi volo gratiam facias,
excuse, release, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.:alicui delicti gratiam facere,
to grant pardon, forgive, Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.:qui mihi atque animo meo nullius umquam delicti gratiam fecissem,
id. Cat. 52, 8; cf.also: quibus senatus belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat,
id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.:alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis,
to please, for the sake of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.:deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,
id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.:in gratiam alicujus,
id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf.also: data visceratio in praeteritam judicii gratiam,
for the favor shown him on the trial, Liv. 8, 22, 4:nil ibi majorum respectus, gratia nulla umbrarum,
Juv. 8, 64.—In partic., a mark of favor shown for a service rendered, thanks (by word or deed), thankfulness, gratitude; acknowledgment, return, requital (the form with agere of returning thanks is the plur., but with habere, referre, debere, nearly always in sing.; but when thanks are due to or rendered by more than one person, the form gratias referre, etc., may be used; v. infra., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505):A.quae (gratia) in memoria et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat,
Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.:gratia est, in qua amicitiarum et officiorum alterius memoria et remunerandi voluntas continetur,
id. ib. 2, 53, 161:immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non possum,
id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.:renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse, quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. ago):dīs gratias agere... si referre studeant gratias,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.:L. Lucceius meus, homo omnium gratissimus, mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1:eique amplissimis verbis per senatus consultum gratias egimus,
id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter,
id. Fam. 1, 10:justissimas gratias agere,
id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc.,
id. Fam. 10, 19, 1:nunc tecum sic agam, tulisse ut potius injuriam, quam retulisse gratiam videar,
to have made a return, requital, recompense, id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.:magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt,
id. Fam. 13, 4, 1:praeclaram vero populo Romano refers gratiam,
id. Cat. 1, 11, 28:ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur,
id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25:me omnibus, si minus referenda gratia satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda certe satis esse facturum,
if I cannot requite... I can extol, id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: nimirum inops ille, si bonus est vir, etiam si referre gratiam non potest, habere certe potest. Commode autem quicumque dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam autem et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1:gratias habere,
Liv. 24, 37, 7:alicui summas gratias habere,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33:alicui maximas infinitasque agere atque habere gratias, quod, etc.,
Vitr. 6 praef. 4:merito vestro maximas vobis gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere,
id. Planc. 33, 80:pro beneficio gratiam repetere,
Liv. 1, 47, 7:gratias ob hoc agere, quod, etc.,
Liv. 54, 50, 4; so with ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9:pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, Pan. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5:dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,
Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.:hoc certe justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut certe malam gratiam,
Sen. Ep. 81 med.;rarely: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet),
to accept as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1:unum vis curem: curo. Et est dīs gratia, Cum ita, ut volo, est,
I thank, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus intro, ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam gratia est, no, I'm much obliged to you (the negative being omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur;discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs gratia, Et unde haec fiant, et adhuc non molesta sunt,
thank Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and post-Aug.):dīs gratias agebat, tempus sibi dari, etc.,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in favor of, on account of, for the sake of; hence, in gen., on account of (usually placed after the gen., in Quint. a few times before it; cf.: causa, ergo).(α).With gen.:(β).sed neque longioribus quam oportet hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus gratia fecerimus, propter eam fecisse videamur,
lest what we have done to embellish the style we should seem to have done merely on account of the construction we had chosen, Quint. 9, 4, 144:tantum abest, ut haec bestiarum etiam causa parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum gratia generatas esse videamus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.:honoris gratia nomino,
Cic. Quint. 7, 28:nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta omnia,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 17:simulabat sese negotii gratia properare,
Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse constat;non praedae gratia: quia inspoliatus est,
Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.:hereditatis gratia,
id. 5, 12, 5:quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant,
Sall. C. 23, 1:profectus gratia dicere,
Quint. 2, 10, 9:brevitatis gratia,
id. 4, 2, 43:decoris gratia,
id. 8, 6, 65:difficultatis gratia,
id. 9, 2, 77:aut invidiae gratia... aut miserationis,
id. 9, 2, 8:praesentis gratia litis,
id. 2, 7, 4 al. —With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum causa, aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum gratia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2:tentandi gratia,
Sall. J. 47, 2:hiemandi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 3:colloquendi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 4:placandi gratia,
id. ib. 71, 5:simulandi gratia,
id. ib. 37, 4:sui exposcendi gratia,
Nep. Hann. 7, 6:amplificandi gratia... vel miserandi,
Quint. 9, 3, 28:elevandae invidiae gratia,
id. 5, 13, 40:recuperandae dignitatis gratia,
id. 11, 1, 79:vitandae similitudinis gratia,
id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli gratia, vir bonus Alexandria Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for example, for instance (for the usual exempli causa; so,verbi gratia, for verbi causa, infra),
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so,exempli gratia,
Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110;for which in full: pauca tamen exempli gratia ponam,
Quint. 6, 5, 6:eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli gratia,
Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213:propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem,
for instance, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed before the [p. 826] gen.:gratiā decoris,
Quint. 8 praef. §18: compositionis,
id. 9, 4, 58:lenitatis,
id. 9, 4, 144:significationis,
id. 8, 6, 2.—With pron. (mostly ante-class.):B.meā gratiā,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3:qui nihil ocius venit tamen hac gratia,
id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.:abire istac gratia,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: (Medea) per agros passim dispergit corpus: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so,eā gratiā,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11:sed huc qua gratia te arcessi jussi, ausculta,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79:id ea gratia eveniebat, quod nemo ex fuga regem sequitur,
Sall. J. 54, 4:id ea gratia facilius fuit, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 80, 4.—grā-tĭīs (always as a trisyll. in ante-class. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Charis. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs (since the class. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., out of favor or kindness; hence, pregn., without recompense or reward, for nothing, gratuitously, gratis, proika (cf.:gratuito, nequidquam, frustra): quae (psaltria) quantum potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non pretio, at gratiis,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46:si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc tibi noctem honoris causa gratiis dono dabo,
id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.:quam introduxistis fidicinam, atque etiam fides, Ei quae accessere, tibi addam dono gratiis,
into the bargain, to boot, id. Ep. 3, 4, 38:quae Romae magna cum infamia pretio accepto edixeras, ea sola te, ne gratis in provincia male audires, ex edicto Siciliensi sustulisse video,
Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118:hic primum questus est non leviter Saturius, communem factum esse gratis cum Roscio, qui pretio proprius fuisset Fanni,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27:gratis dare alicui (opp. pretium accipere ab aliquo),
Mart. 14, 175, 2:id me scis antea gratis tibi esse pollicitum. Quid nunc putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita?
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7:gratis rei publicae servire,
id. Clu. 26, 71:tantum gratis pagina nostra placet,
Mart. 5, 16, 10:virtutes omnes per se ipsas gratis diligere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for payment:is repente, ut Romam venit, gratis praetor factus est. Alia porro pecunia ne accusaretur data,
Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, §48: habitent gratis in alieno?
id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so,habitare in aedibus alienis,
Dig. 39, 5, 9:habitationem cui dare,
free of cost, ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11. -
113 gratia
grātĭa, ae, f. [gratus; lit., favor, both that in which one stands with others and that which one shows to others].I.(Acc. to gratus, I.) Favor which one finds with others, esteem, regard, liking, love, friendship (syn. favor):B.pluris pauciorum gratiam faciunt pars hominum quam id quod prosint pluribus,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 1, 12:perspicio nihili meam vos facere gratiam,
id. Curc. 1, 2, 68:ut majores ejus (Plancii) summum in praefectura florentissima gradum tenuerint et dignitatis et gratiae,
Cic. Planc. 13, 32; cf.:Sex. Roscius gratia atque hospitiis florens hominum nobilissimorum,
id. Rosc. Am. 6, 15:deinde si maxime talis est deus, ut nulla gratia, nulla hominum caritate teneatur, etc.,
id. N. D. 1, 44, 124:neque quo Cn. Pompeii gratiam mihi per hanc causam conciliari putem,
id. de Imp. Pomp. 24, 70; cf.:aliquem restituere in gratiam,
id. Prov. Cons. 9, 23:aliquem restituere in ejus veterem gratiam,
id. Att. 1, 3, 3:in gratiam reducere,
id. Rab. Post. 8, 19; cf.also: cum aliquo in gratiam redire,
to reconcile one's self with one, id. Att. 1, 14, 7; Nep. Alcib. 5, 1; id. Thras. 3 fin.; id. Dat. 8, 5 al.:alicujus gratiam sequi,
Caes. B. C. 1, 1, 3; cf.:si suam gratiam Romani velint, posse eis utiles esse amicos,
id. B. G. 4, 7, 4:ab aliquo inire gratiam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 46, § 113:a bonis omnibus summam inire gratiam,
id. Att. 7, 9, 3:magnam inire gratiam,
id. Fin. 4, 12, 31:quantam eo facto ad plebem inierat gratiam,
Liv. 33, 46, 7:apud regem gratiam initam volebant,
id. 36, 5, 3:at te apud eum, dii boni, quanta in gratia posui!
Cic. Att. 6, 6, 4; cf. id. ib. 5, 11, 6; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 6 fin.;with a different construction: apud Lentulum ponam te in gratiam (Ern. conj. in gratia),
Cic. Att. 5, 3, 3:cum aliquo in laude et in gratia esse,
id. Verr. 1, 17, 51; cf. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 2:inter vos sic haec potius cum bona Ut componantur gratia quam cum mala,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 17 Ruhnk.:plerique (in divortio) cum bona gratia discedunt,
Dig. 24, 1, 32, § 10;without bona: cum istuc quod postulo impetro cum gratia,
with a good grace, Ter. And. 2, 5, 11:omnia quae potui in hac summa tua gratia ac potentia a te impetrare,
credit, influence, Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 5; cf.:Iccius Remus, summa nobilitate et gratia inter suos,
Caes. B. G. 2, 6, 4; 1, 43, 8:gratiā plurimum posse,
id. ib. 1, 9, 3; 1, 20, 2; cf.:quantum gratia, auctoritate, pecunia valent,
id. ib. 7, 63, 1:gratiā valere,
id. B. C. 2, 44, 1:inproba quamvis Gratia fallaci praetoris vicerit urna,
Juv. 13, 4:quem triumphum magis gratiae quam rerum gestarum magnitudini datum constabat,
Liv. 40, 59, 1.—In plur.:L. Murenae provincia multas bonas gratias cum optima existimatione attulit,
tokens of favor, Cic. Mur. 20, 42:cum haec res plurimas gratias, firmissimas amicitias pariat,
id. ib. 11, 24:non hominum potentium studio, non excellentibus gratiis paucorum, sed universi populi Romani judicio consulem factum,
id. Agr. 2, 3, 7.—Transf., objectively, like the Gr. charis, agreeableness, pleasantness, charm, beauty, loveliness, grace (only poet. and in post-Aug. prose;2.esp. freq. in Quint.): gratia formae,
Ov. M. 7, 44; Suet. Tit. 3:corporis,
id. Vit. 3; id. Vit. Ter. 1; Plin. 28, 19, 79, § 260:quid ille gratiae in vultu ostenderit,
Quint. 6 prooem. § 7; cf. id. 6, 3, 26:unica nec desit jocundis gratia verbis,
charm, Prop. 1, 2, 29; cf.: neque abest facundis gratia dictis, Ov. M. 13, 127:plenus est jucunditatis et gratiae (Horatius),
Quint. 10, 1, 96:sermonis Attici,
id. ib. 65;12, 10, 35: dicendi,
id. 9, 3, 74:brevitatis novitatisque,
id. ib. 58:omnis bene scriptorum,
id. 11, 2, 46 et saep.; Cels. 4, 29 med.:uvis et vinis gratiam affert fumus fabrilis,
Plin. 14, 1, 3, § 16; id. 17, 9, 6, § 53. —Hence,As a nom. propr.: Grātiae, ārum, f., a transl. of the Gr. Charites, the goddesses of favor, loveliness, grace, etc., the three Graces, Aglaia, Euphrosyne, and Thalia, daughters of Jupiter and Eurynome, Sen. Ben. 1, 3, 3; Serv. Verg. A. 1, 720; Hor. C. 1, 4, 6; 1, 30, 6; 3, 19, 16; 3, 21, 22; Quint. 10, 1, 82.—In sing.: Grātia, ae, collect., Ov. M. 6, 429.II. A.In gen. (rare): ita mihi Telamonis patris, avi Aeaci et proavi Jovis grata est gratia, Enn. ap. Non. 85, 23 (Trag. v. 367 Vahl.):B.ergo ab eo petito gratiam istam,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 63; cf.:gratiam a patre si petimus, spero ab eo impetrassere,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 23:petivit in beneficii loco et gratiae, ut, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 82, § 189; cf.:quod beneficii gratiaeque causa concessit,
id. ib. 2, 3, 48 fin.:hanc gratiam ut sibi des,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 30:juris jurandi volo gratiam facias,
excuse, release, Plaut. Rud. 5, 3, 59; cf.:alicui delicti gratiam facere,
to grant pardon, forgive, Sall. J. 104 fin. Kritz.:qui mihi atque animo meo nullius umquam delicti gratiam fecissem,
id. Cat. 52, 8; cf.also: quibus senatus belli Lepidani gratiam fecerat,
id. Fragm. 3, 34 Gerl.:alii ipsi professi se pugnaturos in gratiam ducis,
to please, for the sake of, Liv. 28, 21, 4; cf.:deletam urbem cernimus eorum, quorum in gratiam Saguntum deleverat Hannibal,
id. 28, 39, 12 Drak.:in gratiam alicujus,
id. 35, 2, 6; 39, 26, 12; Vell. 2, 41, 2; Suet. Tib. 49 al.; cf.also: data visceratio in praeteritam judicii gratiam,
for the favor shown him on the trial, Liv. 8, 22, 4:nil ibi majorum respectus, gratia nulla umbrarum,
Juv. 8, 64.—In partic., a mark of favor shown for a service rendered, thanks (by word or deed), thankfulness, gratitude; acknowledgment, return, requital (the form with agere of returning thanks is the plur., but with habere, referre, debere, nearly always in sing.; but when thanks are due to or rendered by more than one person, the form gratias referre, etc., may be used; v. infra., and cf. Krebs. Antibarb. p. 505):A.quae (gratia) in memoria et remuneratione officiorum et honoris et amicitiarum observantiam teneat,
Cic. Inv. 2, 22, 66; cf.:gratia est, in qua amicitiarum et officiorum alterius memoria et remunerandi voluntas continetur,
id. ib. 2, 53, 161:immortales ago tibi gratias agamque dum vivam: nam relaturum me affirmare non possum,
id. Fam. 10, 11, 1; cf.:renuntiate, gratias regi me agere: referre gratiam aliam nunc non posse, quam ut suadeam, ne, etc.,
Liv. 37, 37, 8 (v. ago):dīs gratias agere... si referre studeant gratias,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 26 sq.:L. Lucceius meus, homo omnium gratissimus, mirificas tibi apud me gratias egit, cum diceret, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 42, 1:eique amplissimis verbis per senatus consultum gratias egimus,
id. Phil. 1, 1, 3:Lentulo nostro egi per litteras tuo nomine gratias diligenter,
id. Fam. 1, 10:justissimas gratias agere,
id. Leg. 2, 3, 6:quamquam gratiarum actionem a te non desiderabam, etc.,
id. Fam. 10, 19, 1:nunc tecum sic agam, tulisse ut potius injuriam, quam retulisse gratiam videar,
to have made a return, requital, recompense, id. Sull. 16, 47 fin.:magno meo beneficio affecti cumulatissime mihi gratiam retulerunt,
id. Fam. 13, 4, 1:praeclaram vero populo Romano refers gratiam,
id. Cat. 1, 11, 28:ut pro tantis eorum in rem publicam meritis honores eis habeantur gratiaeque referantur,
id. Phil. 3, 15, 39; cf. id. ib. 3, 10, 25:me omnibus, si minus referenda gratia satisfacere potuerim, at praedicanda et habenda certe satis esse facturum,
if I cannot requite... I can extol, id. Balb. 1, 2; cf.: nimirum inops ille, si bonus est vir, etiam si referre gratiam non potest, habere certe potest. Commode autem quicumque dixit, pecuniam qui habeat, non reddidisse; qui reddiderit, non habere: gratiam autem et qui retulerit, habere et qui habeat retulisse, id. Off. 2, 20, 69; id. Planc. 28, 68; cf. id. ib. 42, 101; id. Fam. 5, 11, 1:gratias habere,
Liv. 24, 37, 7:alicui summas gratias habere,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 33:alicui maximas infinitasque agere atque habere gratias, quod, etc.,
Vitr. 6 praef. 4:merito vestro maximas vobis gratias omnes et agere et habere debemus,
Cic. Phil. 3, 10, 25:meritam dīs immortalibus gratiam justis honoribus et memori mente persolvere,
id. Planc. 33, 80:pro beneficio gratiam repetere,
Liv. 1, 47, 7:gratias ob hoc agere, quod, etc.,
Liv. 54, 50, 4; so with ob, Plin. Ep. 9, 31, 21; Treb. Pol. Trig. Tyr. 10, 9:pro tuo summo beneficio gratias agere,
Cic. Att. 16, 16, 16; Liv. 23, 11, 12; Plin, Pan. 25, 1; cf. Gell. 9, 3, 5:dum carmine nostro Redditur agricolis gratia caelitibus,
Tib. 2, 1, 36; cf.:hoc certe justitiae convenit suum cuique reddere, beneficio gratiam, injuriae talionem aut certe malam gratiam,
Sen. Ep. 81 med.;rarely: in gratiam habere (=ita accipere, ut ad gratiam comparandam valere putet),
to accept as thankworthy, Sall. J. 111, 1:unum vis curem: curo. Et est dīs gratia, Cum ita, ut volo, est,
I thank, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 58; cf.: Er. Eamus intro, ut prandeamus. Me. Bene vocas: tam gratia est, no, I'm much obliged to you (the negative being omitted, as in the Fr. je vous remercie, and the Germ. ich danke sehr), Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 36.—Ellipt.: fores effregit? restituentur;discidit Vestem? resarcietur: est, dīs gratia, Et unde haec fiant, et adhuc non molesta sunt,
thank Heaven, Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 41.—With acc. and inf. (anteclass. and post-Aug.):dīs gratias agebat, tempus sibi dari, etc.,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 6; Tac. H. 4, 64; cf. Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 4; id. And. 1, 1, 15.—Hence, as adverbs:grātĭā (acc. to II. A.), lit., in favor of, on account of, for the sake of; hence, in gen., on account of (usually placed after the gen., in Quint. a few times before it; cf.: causa, ergo).(α).With gen.:(β).sed neque longioribus quam oportet hyperbatis compositioni serviamus, ne quae ejus gratia fecerimus, propter eam fecisse videamur,
lest what we have done to embellish the style we should seem to have done merely on account of the construction we had chosen, Quint. 9, 4, 144:tantum abest, ut haec bestiarum etiam causa parata sint, ut ipsas bestias hominum gratia generatas esse videamus,
Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 158: tu me amoris magis quam honoris servavisti gratia, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 69 (Trag. v. 316 Vahl.); cf.:honoris gratia nomino,
Cic. Quint. 7, 28:nuptiarum gratia haec sunt ficta atque incepta omnia,
Ter. And. 5, 1, 17:simulabat sese negotii gratia properare,
Sall. J. 76, 1: hominem occisum esse constat;non praedae gratia: quia inspoliatus est,
Quint. 7, 1, 33; cf.:hereditatis gratia,
id. 5, 12, 5:quem censores senatu probri gratia moverant,
Sall. C. 23, 1:profectus gratia dicere,
Quint. 2, 10, 9:brevitatis gratia,
id. 4, 2, 43:decoris gratia,
id. 8, 6, 65:difficultatis gratia,
id. 9, 2, 77:aut invidiae gratia... aut miserationis,
id. 9, 2, 8:praesentis gratia litis,
id. 2, 7, 4 al. —With gerund.: duxit me uxorem liberorum sibi quaesendum gratia, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 258 Müll. (Trag. v. 161 Vahl.):ut aut voluptates omittantur majorum voluptatum adipiscendarum causa, aut dolores suscipiantur majorum dolorum effugiendorum gratia,
Cic. Fin. 1, 10, 36; cf. Caes. B. G. 7, 43, 2:tentandi gratia,
Sall. J. 47, 2:hiemandi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 3:colloquendi gratia,
id. ib. 61, 4:placandi gratia,
id. ib. 71, 5:simulandi gratia,
id. ib. 37, 4:sui exposcendi gratia,
Nep. Hann. 7, 6:amplificandi gratia... vel miserandi,
Quint. 9, 3, 28:elevandae invidiae gratia,
id. 5, 13, 40:recuperandae dignitatis gratia,
id. 11, 1, 79:vitandae similitudinis gratia,
id. 9, 1, 11 al. —Ellipt.: ejus generis hae sunt quaestiones. Si, exempli gratia, vir bonus Alexandria Rhodum magnum frumenti numerum advexerit, etc., for example, for instance (for the usual exempli causa; so,verbi gratia, for verbi causa, infra),
Cic. Off. 3, 12, 50; so,exempli gratia,
Plin. 2, 41, 41, § 110;for which in full: pauca tamen exempli gratia ponam,
Quint. 6, 5, 6:eorum unam discordiam ponemus exempli gratia,
Plin. 18, 25, 57, § 213:propter aliam quampiam rem, verbi gratia propter voluptatem,
for instance, Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 30.—Placed before the [p. 826] gen.:gratiā decoris,
Quint. 8 praef. §18: compositionis,
id. 9, 4, 58:lenitatis,
id. 9, 4, 144:significationis,
id. 8, 6, 2.—With pron. (mostly ante-class.):B.meā gratiā,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 64; id. Ps. 5, 2, 3:qui nihil ocius venit tamen hac gratia,
id. Stich. 5, 1, 5; cf.:abire istac gratia,
id. Ps. 1, 5, 138: (Medea) per agros passim dispergit corpus: id eā gratiā, Ut, etc., Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 26, 67; so,eā gratiā,
Ter. And. 3, 4, 8; id. Heaut. 4, 5, 20; id. Hec. 4, 3, 11:sed huc qua gratia te arcessi jussi, ausculta,
id. Eun. 1, 2, 19; cf. id. ib. 1, 2, 79:id ea gratia eveniebat, quod nemo ex fuga regem sequitur,
Sall. J. 54, 4:id ea gratia facilius fuit, quod, etc.,
id. ib. 80, 4.—grā-tĭīs (always as a trisyll. in ante-class. poets; Pompon. Com. Fragm. v. 110 Rib.; Plaut. As. prol. 5; id. Ep. 3, 4, 38; Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Charis. p. 1806; so in Cic. Verr. 2, 4 and 5 Halm), and contr., grātīs (since the class. per.; acc. to II. A.), lit., out of favor or kindness; hence, pregn., without recompense or reward, for nothing, gratuitously, gratis, proika (cf.:gratuito, nequidquam, frustra): quae (psaltria) quantum potest Aliquo abicienda est, si non pretio, at gratiis,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26; cf. Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 46:si mihi dantur duo talenta argenti numerata in manum, Hanc tibi noctem honoris causa gratiis dono dabo,
id. As. 1, 3, 38 sq.:quam introduxistis fidicinam, atque etiam fides, Ei quae accessere, tibi addam dono gratiis,
into the bargain, to boot, id. Ep. 3, 4, 38:quae Romae magna cum infamia pretio accepto edixeras, ea sola te, ne gratis in provincia male audires, ex edicto Siciliensi sustulisse video,
Cic. Verr. 1, 46, 118:hic primum questus est non leviter Saturius, communem factum esse gratis cum Roscio, qui pretio proprius fuisset Fanni,
id. Rosc. Com. 10, 27:gratis dare alicui (opp. pretium accipere ab aliquo),
Mart. 14, 175, 2:id me scis antea gratis tibi esse pollicitum. Quid nunc putas, tanta mihi abs te mercede proposita?
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 3, § 7:gratis rei publicae servire,
id. Clu. 26, 71:tantum gratis pagina nostra placet,
Mart. 5, 16, 10:virtutes omnes per se ipsas gratis diligere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 26, 83.—Opp. for payment:is repente, ut Romam venit, gratis praetor factus est. Alia porro pecunia ne accusaretur data,
Cic. Verr. 1, 39, 101; cf. id. ib. 2, 5, 19, §48: habitent gratis in alieno?
id. Off. 2, 23, 83; so,habitare in aedibus alienis,
Dig. 39, 5, 9:habitationem cui dare,
free of cost, ib. 19, 2, 53, § 2; Mart. 10, 3, 11. -
114 habeo
hăbĕo, ui, itum, 2 (archaic perf. subj. habessit, Cic. Leg. 2, 8, 19; inf. haberier, Plaut. Mil. 2, 6, 111), v. a. and n. [etym. dub.; cf. Gr. kôpê, handle; Lat. capio; Germ. haben, Haft; Engl. have], to have, in the widest sense of the word, to hold, keep, possess, cherish, entertain, occupy, enclose, contain (cf.: teneo, possideo, etc.).I.In gen.A.Of personal subjects.1.With persons or things as objects: SI INTESTATO MORITVR, CVI SVVS HERES NEC SIT, AGNATVS PROXIMVS FAMILIAM HABETO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Ulp. Fragm. 26, 1: ex tui animi sententia tu uxorem habes? Cato ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 64, 260; cf.:2.aliquam habere in matrimonio, Cic. Scaur. § 8: ipsum ex Helvetiis uxorem habere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 6:si et prudentes homines et non veteres reges habere voluerunt,
Cic. Rep. 1, 37 fin.:quae cum patrem clarissimum, amplissimos patruos, ornatissimum fratrem haberet,
id. Rosc. Am. 50, 147:cum ille haberet filium delicatiorem,
id. de Or. 2, 64, 257:quod non ingenuous habeat clarosque parentes,
Hor. S. 1, 6, 91:habebat saepe ducentos, saepe decem servos,
id. ib. 1, 3, 11:fundum habere, Cic. Tull. § 14: cur pecuniam non habeat mulier?
id. Rep. 3, 10:tantas divitias habet,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 99; so,aurum,
id. ib. 2, 3, 35; and:vectigalia magna Divitiasque,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 101:tantum opum,
Cic. Rep. 1, 48:classes,
id. Phil. 9, 2, 4:naves,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 40, § 104:denique sit finis quaerendi, cumque habeas plus, Pauperiem metuas minus,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 92:tacitus pasci si posset corvus, haberet Plus dapis,
id. Ep. 1, 17, 50:Dionysii equus quid attulit admirationis, quod habuit apes in juba?
Cic. Div. 2, 31, 67: faenum habet in cornu;longe fuge,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 34:leges in monumentis habere,
Cic. Rep. 2, 14:hostis habet muros,
Verg. A. 2, 290:hostis habet portus,
Val. Fl. 3, 45 al.:quam vellem Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10:Ciceronem secum,
id. Att. 4, 9, 2; cf.:ea legione, quam secum habebat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 8, 1:secum senatorem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 31, § 77; cf.also: magnum numerum equitatus circum se,
Caes. B. G. 1, 18, 5:haec si habeat aurum, quod illi renumeret, faciat lubens,
Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 12; cf.:quid non habuisti quod dares? Habuisse se dicet, Cic. Scaur. § 19: quod non desit, habentem,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 52:qui in foro turbaque, quicum colloqui libeat, non habeant,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17.—With abstr. objects: quid illos, bono genere gnatos, opinanimi animi habuisse atque habituros dum vivent? Cato ap. Gell. 10, 3, 17:(β).quod uno et eodem temporis puncto nati dissimiles et naturas et vitas et casus habent,
Cic. Div. 2, 45, 95:febrim,
id. Fam. 7, 26, 1:instrumenta animi,
id. Rep. 3, 3:nec vero habere virtutem satis est, quasi artem aliquam, nisi utare,
id. ib. 1, 2:in populos perpetuam potestatem,
id. ib. 2, 27; cf.:in populum vitae necisque potestatem,
id. ib. 3, 14; so,potestatem,
id. ib. 2, 29; 32;36: eo plus auctoritatis,
id. ib. 3, 16:ornamenta dicendi,
id. de Or. 2, 28, 122; cf.:summam prudentiam summamque vim dicendi,
id. ib. 1, 20, 89:Q. Lucilius Balbus tantos progressus habebat in Stoicis, ut, etc.,
id. N. D. 1, 6, 15:neque quem usum belli haberent aut quibus institutis uterentur, reperiri poterat,
Caes. B. G. 4, 20 fin.:nonnullam invidiam ex eo, quod, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 283: nimiam spem, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 17, 1:spem in fide alicujus,
Cic. Inv. 1, 39, 71; cf.:tantum spei ad vivendum,
id. Att. 15, 20, 2; id. N. D. 3, 6, 14; cf.also: summam spem de aliquo,
id. Lael. 3, 11:odium in equestrem ordinem,
id. Clu. 55, 151:metum,
Prop. 3, 11 (4, 10), 6: consolationem [p. 834] semper in ore atque in animo, Cic. Fam. 5, 16, 2; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 56 Mull.:rogavi, ut diceret, quid haberet in animo,
Cic. Att. 8, 10:neque modum neque modestiam victores habere,
observe no bounds, Sall. C. 11, 4;v. modus: haec habebam fere, quae te scire vellem,
Cic. Att. 1, 6; cf.:haec habui de amicitia quae dicerem,
this is what I had to say, id. Lael. 27 fin.: fidem, gratiam, honorem, rationem; v. these nouns.—In a play on the word lumen: Arge, jaces; quodque in tot lumina lumen habebas Exstinctum est, the light for so many lights ( eyes), Ov. M. 1, 720.—With inf. (analog. to the Gr. echô), to have something to do, be able to do something:B.habeo etiam dicere quem contra morem majorum dejecerit, etc.,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,
id. Att. 2, 22, 6.—So with inf. or with the part. fut. pass. (ante-class. and post-Aug.), to have or be obliged to do something, I must do something:rogas, ut id mihi habeam curare,
Varr. R. R. 1, 1, 2:filius hominis, quod carne indui haberet in terra,
Lact. 4, 12, 15:habemus humiliare eum in signo,
id. 4, 18, 22:quod plurimae haereses haberent existere,
id. 4, 30, 2:etiam Filius Dei mori habuit,
Tert. Hab. Mul. 1:si inimicos jubemur diligere, quem habemus odisse?
id. Apol. 37:de spatiis ordinum eatenus praecipiendum habemus, ut intelligant agricolae, etc.,
Col. 5, 5, 3:praesertim cum enitendum haberemus, ut, etc.,
Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 12:si nunc primum statuendum haberemus,
Tac. A. 14, 44:cum respondendum haberent,
id. Or. 36.—Of inanim. or abstr. subjects:II.prima classis LXXXVIII. centurias habeat,
Cic. Rep. 2, 22:locus ille nihil habet religionis,
id. Leg. 2, 22, 57:humani animi eam partem, quae sensum habeat,
id. Div. 1, 32, 70:animus incorruptus agit atque habet cuncta, neque ipse habetur,
Sall. J. 2, 3:divinus animus mortale nihil habuit, Cic. Scaur. § 50: habet statum res publica de tribus secundarium,
id. Rep. 1, 42; cf.:nullum est genus illarum rerum publicarum, quod non habeat iter ad finitimum quoddam malum,
id. ib. 1, 28:ipsa aequabilitas est iniqua, cum habeat nullos gradus dignitatis,
id. ib. 1, 27:nulla alia in civitate...ullum domicilium libertas habet,
id. ib. 1, 31:nostri casus plus honoris habuerunt quam laboris,
id. ib. 1, 4; cf.:viri excellentis ancipites variique casus habent admirationem,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 5:habet etiam amoenitas ipsa illecebras multas cupiditatum,
id. Rep. 2, 4:quid habet illius carminis simile haec oratio?
id. ib. 1, 36:magnam habet vim disciplina verecundiae,
id. ib. 4, 6 et saep.:quomodo habere dicimur febrem, cum illa nos habeat,
Sen. Ep. 119 med.; cf.:animalia somnus habebat,
Verg. A. 3, 147; Ov. M. 7, 329:me somno gravatum Infelix habuit thalamus,
Verg. A. 6, 521; cf.:non me impia namque Tartara habent,
id. ib. 5, 734:habentque Tartara Panthoiden,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 9:qui (metus) major absentes habet,
id. Epod. 1, 18; Sen. Const. Sap. 7:et habet mortalia casus,
Luc. 2, 13:terror habet vates,
Stat. Th. 3, 549.In partic.A.Pregn., to have or possess property (mostly absol.):2.miserum istuc verbum et pessumum'st, habuisse et nihil habere,
Plaut. Rud. 5, 2, 34; cf. Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 10: qui habet, ultro appetitur: qui est pauper, aspernatur, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 792 P.:habet idem in nummis, habet idem in urbanis praediis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 199; so,in nummis,
id. Att. 8, 10:in Salentinis aut in Brutiis,
i. e. to have possessions, id. Rosc. Am. 46, 132; cf. id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45: nos quod simus, quod habeamus, etc., Curius ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 29, 1:et belli rabies et amor successit habendi,
Verg. A. 8, 327; cf.:amore senescit habendi,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 85; Phaedr. 3 prol. 21; Juv. 14, 207: quid habentibus auri nunquam exstincta sitis? Sil. 5, 264; so, habentes = hoi echontes, the wealthy, Lact. 5, 8, 7. —With an object - or relative-clause, to have the means, ability, or knowledge, i. e. to be in a condition, to be able, to know how to do or say any thing.(α).With an objectclause:(β).de Alexandrina re tantum habeo polliceri, me tibi cumulate satisfacturum,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, 3:de re publica nihil habeo ad te scribere,
id. Att. 2, 22, 6:haec fere dicere habui de natura deorum,
this is the substance of what I had to say, id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; cf.:quid habes igitur dicere de Gaditano foedere?
id. Balb. 14, 33:habeo etiam dicere, quem de ponte in Tiberim dejecerit,
id. Rosc. Am. 35, 100:illud affirmare pro certo habeo, etc.,
Liv. 44, 22, 4:sic placet, an melius quis habet suadere?
Hor. Epod. 16, 23.—With a relat.-clause (usually with a negative: non habeo, quid faciam;B.or: nihil habeo, quod faciam, dicam, etc.): de quibus habeo ipse, quid sentiam: non habeo autem, quid tibi assentiar,
Cic. N. D. 3, 25, 64:de pueris quid agam, non habeo,
id. Att. 7, 19:usque eo quid arguas non habes,
id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45:quid huic responderet, non habebat,
id. Mur. 12, 26:nec quid faceret habebat,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 51; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:qui, quo se reciperent, non haberent,
Caes. B. G. 4, 38, 2:nihil habeo, quod ad te scribam,
Cic. Att. 7, 19:nil habeo, quod agam,
Hor. S. 1, 9, 19; and:nihil habeo, quod cum amicitia Scipionis possim comparare,
Cic. Lael. 27, 103.—To have in use, make use of, use (very rare, for the usual uti, opp. abuti):2.anulus in digito subter tenuatur habendo,
i. e. by use, by wearing, Lucr. 1, 312; cf.:aera nitent usu: vestis bona quaerit haberi,
Ov. Am. 1, 8, 51:quippe quas (divitias) honeste habere licebat, abuti per turpitudinem properabant,
Sall. C. 13, 2 Kritz; cf.:magnae opes innocenter paratae et modeste habitae,
Tac. A. 4, 44.—Hence,To hold, use, wield, handle, manage:C.nec inmensa barbarorum scuta, enormis hastas, inter truncos arborum perinde haberi quam pila,
Tac. A. 2, 14.— Trop.:quo modo rem publicam habuerint (majores), disserere,
Sall. C. 5, 9; cf.:reipublicae partes,
Tac. A. 4, 6 init. —To hold or keep a person or thing in any condition; to have, hold, or regard in any light:2.aliquem in obsidione,
Caes. B. C. 3, 31, 3:aliquem in liberis custodiis,
Sall. C. 47, 3; so,aliquem in custodiis,
id. ib. 52, 14:aliquem in vinculis,
id. ib. 51 fin.;for which also: in custodiam habitus,
i. e. put into prison and kept there, Liv. 22, 25; Tac. H. 1, 87; cf.:quo facilius omne Hadriaticum mare in potestatem haberet,
Caes. B. C. 1, 25 Oud. N. cr. (al. in potestate):cum talem virum in potestatem habuisset,
Sall. J. 112 fin. Kritz N. cr.:quae res eos in magno diuturnoque bello inter se habuit,
id. ib. 79, 3:alios in ea fortuna haberent, ut socii esse quam cives mallent,
Liv. 26, 24:aegros in tenebris,
Cels. 3, 18:aquam caelestem sub dio in sole,
Col. 12, 12, 1:in otio militem,
Liv. 39, 2, 6; cf.:legiones habebantur per otium,
Tac. H. 1, 31:externa sine cura habebantur,
id. A. 1, 79 init.:exercitus sine imperio et modestia habitus,
Sall. J. 44, 1:quos ille postea magno in honore habuit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 77, 2;for which: quos praecipuo semper honore Caesar habuit,
id. B. G. 5, 54, 4:habeo Junium (mensem) et Quintilem in metu,
i. e. I fear, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 14.— So with an adj. or a perf. part., to denote a lasting condition:ita me mea forma habet sollicitum,
Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 95 Lorenz; id. Men. 4, 2, 12; 21:miserrimum ego hunc habebo amasium,
id. Cas. 3, 3, 27 al.:laetum Germanicum,
Tac. A. 2, 57; 65:sollicitum habebat cogitatio,
Cic. Fam. 7, 3, 1; 2, 16, 2.—Hence,With a double object, esp. freq. with the part. perf. pass., to have, hold, or possess a person or thing in any quality or capacity, as any thing; to have, hold, or possess an action as completed, finished (a pregn. circumlocution for the perf.):3.cum haberet collegam in praetura Sophoclem,
Cic. Off. 1, 40, 144; cf. Quint. 10, 1, 93:an heredem habuerit eum, a quo, etc.,
id. 7, 2, 37:istaec illum perdidit assentatio, nam absque te esset, ego illum haberem rectum ad ingenium bonum,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8:cur ergo unus tu Apollonidenses miseriores habes quam pater tuus habuit umquam?
Cic. Fl. 29, 71:obvium habuerunt patrem,
Quint. 7, 1, 29:reliquas civitates stipendiarias,
Caes. B. G. 1, 30, 3:quod (cognomen) habes hereditarium,
Cic. Rep. 6, 11:quae habuit venalia,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 62, § 144; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 1:qui auro habeat soccis suppactum solum,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 98:me segregatum habuisse, uxorem ut duxit, a me Pamphilum,
have kept him away, aloof, Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 25; cf.:inclusum in curia senatum habuerunt,
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 8:(Romulus) habuit plebem in clientelas principum descriptam,
id. Rep. 2, 9: satis mihi videbar habere cognitum Scaevolam ex iis rebus, quas, etc., id. Brut. 40, 147; cf.:si nondum eum satis habes cognitum,
id. Fam. 13, 17, 3; ib. 15, 20 fin.: fidem spectatam jam et diu cognitam, id. Div. ap. Caecil. 4, 11:decumas ad aquam deportatas,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 36:domitas habere libidines,
id. de Or. 1, 43, 194:omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,
id. Or. 33, 118; id. Rep. 2, 6:innumerabilia, quae collecta habent Stoici,
id. Div. 2, 70, 145: quantum in acie tironi sit committendum, nimium saepe expertum habemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24, 3:quare velim ita statutum habeas, me, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 6, 2, 1: habeo absolutum suave epos ad Caesarem, id. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 6:in adversariis scriptum habere (nomen),
id. Rosc. Com. 3, 9:de Caesare satis dictum habebo,
id. Phil. 5, 19, 52:bellum habere susceptum,
id. Agr. 2, 6, 14:quam (domum) tu iam dimensam et exaedificatam animo habebas,
id. Att. 1, 6, 1:ut omnes labores, pericula consueta habeam,
Sall. J. 85, 7:compertum ego habeo,
id. Cat. 58, 1; cf. Nep. Att. 17 fin.; 18, 1: neque ea res falsum ( part. perf. pass.) me habuit, Sall. J. 10, 1 al. From this use is derived the compound perf. of the Romance languages: ho veduto, j'ai vu, qs. habeo visum, I have seen).—Also, with a double object, to make, render:4.praecipit ut dent operam, uti eos quam maxime manifestos habeant,
Sall. C. 41, 5:qui pascua publica infesta habuerant,
Liv. 39, 29, 9; 34, 36, 3:necdum omnia edita facinora habent,
id. 39, 16, 3; 31, 42, 1:anxium me et inquietum habet petitio Sexti,
Plin. Ep. 2, 9, 1:sed Pompeium gratia impunitum habuit,
kept, Vell. 2, 1, 5.—Hence:5.in aliquo (aliqua re), aliquem (aliquid) habere (rare): ea si fecissem, in vestra amicitia exercitum, divitias, munimenta regni me habiturum,
Sall. J. 14, 1:in vobis liberos, parentes, consanguineos habeo,
Curt. 6, 9, 12:majora in eo obsequia habiturus,
Just. 8, 6, 6; cf. Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 5.—To have or hold a person in any manner, to treat, use:6.is, uti tu me hic habueris, proinde illum illic curaverit,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 64:equitatu agmen adversariorum male habere et carpere,
Caes. B. C. 1, 63, 2; cf. Cels. 3, 20; 3, 21:exercitum luxuriose nimisque liberaliter habere,
Sall. C. 11, 5 Kritz; cf.:eos ille non pro vanis hostibus, ut meriti erant, sed accurate et liberaliter habuit,
id. J. 103, 5; 113, 2:Fabiis plurimi (saucii) dati, nec alibi majore cura habiti,
Liv. 2, 47, 12; 29, 8, 6; 37, 34, 5:video quam molliter tuos habeas,
Plin. Ep. 5, 19, 1:militant vobiscum, qui superbe habiti rebellassent,
Curt. 8, 8, 11:virgines tam sancte habuit,
id. 3, 12, 21; 4, 10, 33:male habere aliquem,
Nep. Eum. 12, 1:neque conjugem et filium ejus hostiliter haberi,
Tac. A. 2, 10.—With se, and sometimes mid. or neut., to hold or keep himself or itself in a certain manner, i. e. to be constituted or situated, to find one's self, to be, in any manner.(α).Habere se:(β).Tironem Patris aegrum reliqui...et quamquam videbatur se non graviter habere, tamen sum sollicitus, etc.,
Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3:praeclare te habes, cum, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 149:ipsi se hoc melius habent quam nos, quod, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 7, 4:Bene habemus nos,
id. ib. 2, 8, 1:ego me bene habeo,
am well, Tac. A. 14, 51: praeclare se res habeat ( is well), si, etc., Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 114:male se res habet, cum, quod virtute effici debet, id tentatur pecunia,
id. Off. 2, 6, 22; cf. id. de Or. 2, 77, 313:quae cum ita se res haberet, tamen, etc.,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 50, § 124; cf.:ita se res habet, ut ego, etc.,
id. Quint. 1, 2:sic profecto res se habet,
id. de Or. 2, 67, 271:scire aveo, quomodo res se habeat,
id. Att. 13, 35, 2; cf. id. de Or. 2, 32, 140:ut se tota res habeat,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 5, § 15; cf.:ut meae res sese habent,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 4, 1.—Mid.:(γ).virtus clara aeternaque habetur,
exhibits itself, is, continues, Sall. C. 1, 4:sicuti pleraque mortalium habentur,
as for the most part happens in human affairs, id. ib. 6, 3.—Neutr. (as also the Gr echô): Tullia nostra recte valet: Terentia minus belle habuit, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:D.volui animum tandem confirmare hodie meum, Ut bene haberem filiae nuptiis,
I might enjoy myself, Plaut. Aul. 2, 8, 2: qui bene habet suisque amicis est volup, id. [p. 835] Mil. 3, 1, 130:bene habent tibi principia,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 82:bene habet: jacta sunt fundamenta defensionis,
it is well, Cic. Mur. 6, 14; Liv. 8, 6:magnum narras, vix credibile! atqui sic habet,
so it is, it is even so, Hor. S. 1, 9, 53: illasce sues sanas esse habereque recte licere spondesne? Formula emendi, ap. Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 5; 2, 3, 5.—To hold, account, esteem, consider, regard a person or thing in any manner or as any thing; to think or believe a person or thing to be so or so:2.aliquem fidelem sibi habere,
Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 87:deos aeternos et beatos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 17, 45:id habent hodie vile et semper habuerunt,
id. Balb. 22, 51:maximam illam voluptatem habemus, quae, etc.,
id. Fin. 1, 11, 37:eum nos ut perveterem habemus... nec vero habeo quemquam antiquiorem,
id. Brut. 15, 61:Ut et rex et pater habereter omnium,
id. Rep. 1, 36; 2, 21:parentem Asiae et dici et haberi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 10 fin.:eos dicit esse habitos deos, a quibus, etc.,
id. N. D. 1, 15, 38:cum esset habendus rex, quicumque genere regio natus esset,
id. Rep. 1, 33; cf. id. ib. 2, 12 fin.: non habeo nauci Marsum augurem, Poet. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 58, 132:cujus auctoritas in iis regionibus magni habebatur,
Caes. B. G. 4, 21, 7:nihil pensi habere,
Quint. 11, 1, 29; cf.also: an perinde habenda sit haec atque illa,
id. 7, 3, 11:sese illum non pro amico, sed pro hoste habiturum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19; so,aliquem pro hoste,
Liv. 2, 20; Curt. 6, 2 al.:nisi in provincia relictas rationes pro relatis haberem,
Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 2:licet omnia Italica pro Romanis habeam,
Quint. 1, 5, 56; 12, 10, 73:istuc jam pro facto habeo,
Cic. Att. 13, 1, 2:Pompeium pro certo habemus per Illyricum proficisci in Galliam,
to consider as certain, id. ib. 10, 6 fin.:id obliviscendum, pro non dicto habendum,
Liv. 23, 22, 9:hoc velim in maximis rebus et maxime necessariis habeas,
Cic. Att. 5, 5 fin.:aliquem in deorum numero,
id. N. D. 1, 14, 36:aliquem in hostium numero,
Caes. B. G. 1, 28, 1:aliquem suorum In numero,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 41;for which also: hostium numero haberi,
Cic. Att. 11, 6, 6:numero impiorum ac sceleratorum haberi,
Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 7; cf. also Quint. 3, 7, 2:quem Aegyptii nefas habent nominare,
Cic. N. D. 3, 22, 56:mutare nefas habent,
Quint. 12, 8, 6:nec tamen est habendum religioni, nocentem aliquando defendere,
to scruple, make a conscience of, Cic. Off. 2, 14, 51; cf.:nec eam rem habuit religioni,
id. Div. 1, 35, 77:quando tu me bene merentem tibi habes despicatui,
you despise, Plaut. Men. 4, 3, 19:non sic ludibrio tuis factis habitus essem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 11.—Hence: sic habeto, or sic habeas aliquid, or with an object-clause, hold or judge thus, be convinced or persuaded, believe, know:sed hoc nihil ad te: illud velim sic habeas, uod intelliges, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 2:unum hoc sic habeto: si, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 6 fin.:sic habeto: omnibus, etc.,
id. Rep. 6, 13:enitere et sic habeto, non esse te mortalem, sed corpus hoc,
id. ib. 6, 24; so with an object-clause, id. Fam. 2, 10, 1; 16, 4, 4.—Without sic:id primum ergo habeto, non sine magna causa, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 29, 2:tantum habeto, civem egregium esse Pompeium, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 8, 2.—To take, accept, bear, submit to, endure:E.neque cuiquam mortalium injuriae suae parvae videntur: multi eas gravius aequo habuere,
Sall. C. 51, 11:egestas facile habetur sine damno,
id. ib. 6, 37:quae in praesens Tiberius civiliter habuit, sed, etc.,
Tac. A. 4, 21:neque tantum maleficium impune habendum,
id. ib. 3, 70;12, 48: nec ita aegre habuit filium id pro parente ausum,
Liv. 7, 5, 7 Weissenb.—To hold, have possession of, occupy, a place:2.urbem Romam condidere atque habuere initio Trojani,
Sall. C. 6, 1:qui mortales initio Africam habuerint,
id. J. 17, 7; 18, 1; cf.Siciliam et Sardiniam per legatos habuit,
rule, administer, Flor. 4, 2, 22:urbem Romanam a principio reges habuere,
Tac. A. 1, 1:Hispaniae tribus legionibus habebantur,
id. ib. 4, 5; 12, 54.—More freq. neutr., to dwell, live anywhere (perh. only ante-class.; in good prose habito is used instead): quae Corinthum arcem altam habetis, Enn. ap. Cic. Fam. 7, 6, 1 (Trag. v. 294 Vahl.):F. G.ille geminus qui Syracusis habet,
Plaut. Men. prol. 69: quis istic habet? id. Bacch. 1, 2, 6:ubi nunc adulescens habet?
id. Trin. 1, 2, 156:apud aedem Junonis Lucinae, ubi aeditumus habere solet,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 50 Mull.; cf.:situm formamque et universorum castrorum et partium, qua Poeni, qua Numidae haberent...specularentur,
Liv. 30, 4, 2 (but v. Weissenb. ad loc.).—To have in one's mind, to know, be acquainted with:H.siquidem istius regis (Anci) matrem habemus, ignoramus patrem,
Cic. Rep. 2, 18 fin.: habes consilia nostra;nunc cognosce de Bruto,
there you have, such are, id. Att. 5, 21, 10:habetis igitur primum ortum tyranni,
id. Rep. 2, 27:habetis sermonem bene longum hominis,
id. de Or. 2, 88, 361; cf.also: habes nostras sententias,
Suet. Claud. 4:habes, quae fortissime de beata vita dici putem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 28 fin.; cf. id. de Or. 2, 71, 291. —To have as a habit, peculiarity, or characteristic:K.habebat hoc omnino Caesar: quem plane perditum aere alieno egentemque cognorat, hunc in familiaritatem libentissime recipiebat,
Cic. Phil. 2, 32, 78; id. Pis. 32, 81.—To hold, to make, do, perform, prepare, utter, pronounce, produce, cause:L.alium quaerebam, iter hac habui,
made, directed, Ter. Eun. 5, 9, 35; cf.:ex urbe profectus iter ad legiones habebat,
Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 3; so,iter,
id. ib. 1, 51, 1; 3, 11, 2; 3, 106, 1; Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 2:vias,
Luc. 2, 439:C. Cato contionatus est, comitia haberi non siturum, si, etc.,
to be held, Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 6:senatum,
id. ib. 2, 13, 3; id. Fam. 1, 4, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 2, 1:concilia,
id. B. G. 5, 53, 4:contionem,
Cic. Att. 4, 1, 6:censum,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 55, § 138:delectum (militum),
id. Phil. 5, 12, 31; id. Fam. 15, 1 fin.; Caes. B. G. 6, 1;v. delectus: ludos,
Suet. Rhet. 1:sermonem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; cf.:orationem,
to deliver, id. Rep. 1, 46:multis verbis ultro citroque habitis,
id. ib. 6, 9 fin.:disputationem,
id. ib. 1, 7; Caes. B. G. 5, 30, 1:dialogum,
Cic. Att. 2, 9, 1:verba,
id. de Or. 2, 47, 190:querelam de aliquo apud aliquem,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 1, § 2:controversiam de fundo cum aliquo,
id. Fam. 13, 69, 2 et saep.:deinde adventus in Syriam primus equitatus habuit interitum,
caused, occasioned, Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9; cf. id. Div. 2, 46, 96:latrocinia nullam habent infamiam, quae extra fines cujusque civitatis fiunt,
Caes. B. G. 6, 23, 6.—Habere in animo (or simply animo), with an objectclause, to have in mind, to intend, to be disposed, inclined to do any thing (=propositum habere, constituisse, decrevisse):M.istum exheredare in animo habebat,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 18, 52; id. Att. 1, 17, 11:hoc (flumen) neque ipse transire in animo habebat neque hostes transituros existimabat,
Caes. B. G. 6, 7, 5:neque bello eum invadere animo habuit,
Liv. 44, 25, 1 dub (al. in animo), v. Drak. ad h. l.—Habere sibi or secum aliquid, to keep to one's self (lit. and trop.):N.clamare coeperunt, sibi ut haberet hereditatem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 19, § 47:per vindicationem his verbis legamus: DO LEGO, CAPITO, SUMITO, SIBI HABETO,
Ulp. Fragm. 24, 3; cf. ib. § 5; Gai. Inst. 2, 209.—So the formula used in divorces:res tuas tibi habeas or habe,
Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 47; Sen. Suas. 1, § 7:illam suam suas res sibi habere jussit ex duodecim tabulis,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 69. —Comic. transf.:apage sis amor: tuas tibi res habeto,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 32.— Trop.:secreto hoc audi, tecum habeto, ne Apellae quidem liberto tuo dixeris,
Cic. Fam. 7, 25, 2:verum haec tu tecum habeto,
id. Att. 4, 15, 6.—Of a sweetheart, to have, to possess, enjoy:O.postquam nos Amaryllis habet, Galatea reliquit,
Verg. E. 1, 31; Tib. 1, 2, 65; Prop. 3, 8 (4, 7), 22:duxi, habui scortum,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 6; Ter. And. 1, 1, 58: cum esset objectum, habere eum Laida;habeo, inquit, non habeor a Laide,
Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 2.—Gladiatorial t. t., of a wounded combatant: hoc habet or habet, he has that (i. e. that stroke), he is hit:2.desuper altus equo graviter ferit atque ita fatur: Hoc habet,
Verg. A. 12, 296; Prud. Psych. 53.—Transf.:A.hoc habet: reperi, qui senem ducerem,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 26; id. Rud. 4, 4, 99: egomet continuo mecum;Certe captus est! Habet!
Ter. And. 1, 1, 56 (id est vulneratus est. Habet enim qui percussus est: et proprie de gladiatoribus dicitur, Don.).—Hence: hăbĭtus, a, um, P. a., held or kept in a certain condition, state, humor (ante-class.).In gen.1.Lit.: equus nimis strigosus et male habitus, Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11; v. in the foll.—2.Trop.:B.ut patrem tuum vidi esse habitum, diu etiam duras (lites) dabit,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 4, 22.—In partic., physically, well kept, well conditioned, fleshy, corpulent:corpulentior videre atque habitior,
Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 8:si qua (virgo) est habitior paulo, pugilem esse aiunt, deducunt cibum,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23: (censores) equum nimis strigosum et male habitum, sed equitem ejus uberrimum et habitissimum viderunt, etc., Massur. Sabin. ap. Gell. 4, 20, 11. -
115 quor
cūr (old orthog. quor; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2236 P.; and in MSS. sometimes cor, v. Lachm. ad Lucr. II. p. 171 sq.), adv. [contr. from quare; cf. Vel. Long. p. 2231 P. and the letter C; acc. to Voss, Etym. s. h. v.; Analog. 4, 21, and Hand, Turs. II. p. 175, from cui rei; cf.:I.quoi rei,
Plaut. Poen. 2, 33 ], = quam ob rem, for what reason, wherefore, why, to what purpose, from what motive.Rel.:B.duae causae sunt, cur tu frequentior in isto officio esse debeas quam nos,
Cic. Fam. 15, 20, 2; so,causae, cur,
Quint. 11, 3, 16; and:ea causa, cur,
id. 2, 3, 11:non fuit causa, cur,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 16, 49; cf. id. Clu. 61, 169; so,causa non esset, cur,
id. N. D. 3, 4, 9:causa nulla est, cur,
id. Rosc. Am. 50, 146; id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:nihil est causae, cur,
Quint. 11, 3, 59:quae causa est, cur? etc.,
Cic. Lael. 13, 48:quid est causae, cur, etc.,
id. Fl. 2, 5; id. de Or. 3, 48, 185; id. Fam. 2, 13, 2:negare et adferre rationem cur negarent,
id. ib. 6, 8, 1:id satis magnum esse argumentum dixisti, cur esse deos confiteremur,
id. N. D. 1, 23, 62;so after argumenta,
id. ib. 3, 4, 10; id. Div. 1, 3, 5:est vero cur quis Junonem laedere nolit,
Ov. M. 2, 518;and with a negative: neque est, cur, etc.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 1, 51:non tamen est, cur,
Ov. H. 10, 144.- -And in dependent questions:quid est, cur tu in isto loco sedeas?
Cic. Clu. 53, 147; id. Fin. 1, 10, 34; Liv. 21, 43, 12 et saep.:ne cui sit vestrum mirum, cur, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 1 al.:miror, cur me accusas,
Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 1; 5, 12, 30; id. Phil. 2, 20, 49 (v. miror, admiror, etc.):quā in re primum illud reprehendo et accuso, cur, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 7, § 16:quod me saepe accusas, cur hunc meum casum tam graviter feram,
id. Att. 3, 13, 2; 3, 12, 1; id. Sest. 37, 80; Hor. C. 1, 33, 3:consules invasit, cur silerent,
Tac. A. 6, 4.—Pregn., = cujus causā, propter quod, on account of which, by reason of which:II.quid ergo accidit, cur consilium mutarem?
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 10:quid obstat, cur non verae fiant,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 76:fecerit aliquid Philippus, cur adversus eum... hoc decerneremus: quid Perseus meruit... cur soli omnium hostes ei simus?
Liv. 41, 24, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:Caedicius negare, se commissurum, cur sibi... quisquam imperium finiret,
id. 5, 46, 6; 10, 18, 14; Suet. Calig. 15; Ov. Am. 1, 3, 2:quid Aristides commisisset, cur tantā poenā dignus duceretur,
Nep. Arist. 1, 3:multa quidem dixi, cur excusatus abirem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7.—Interrog.: Ag. Quor mi haec irata est? Mi. Quor haec irata est tibi? Quor ego id curem? Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 143 sq.:B.quor perdis adulescentem nobis? quor amat? Quor potat?
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 36 sq.; cf.:quid agis? quor te is perditum?
id. And. 1, 1, 107:quor non introëo in nostram domum?
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 253; Cic. Fam. 2, 18, 3:quorsum tan dem, aut cur ista quaeris?
id. Leg. 1, 1, 4: Er. Jube tibi agnum huc adferri propere pinguem. He. Quor? Er. Ut sacrufices, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 82: Me. Non possum. Ch. Quor non? Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 111:cur ego plebeios magistratus... video, etc.,
Liv. 2, 34, 9; 6, 15, 12.—In the poets sometimes placed after one or more words of a clause:stratege noster, quor hic cessat cantharus?
Plaut. Stich. 5, 4, 28:obsequium ventris mihi perniciosius est cur?
Hor. S. 2, 7, 104; 2, 3, 187.—Esp.1.Pregn.a.Implying censure, indignation, remonstrance, etc.:b.quor id aussu's facere?
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 114:cur es ausus subigitare, etc.,
id. Mil. 5, 9; id. Men. 3, 2, 28:sed quid ego? quor me excrucio? quor me macero?
Ter. And. 5, 3, 15:cur imperium illi, aut cur illo modo prorogatum est,
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4; id. Div. 2, 30, 65:cur me querelis exanimas tuis?
Hor. C. 2, 17, 1.—Implying grief, sorrow, and, with negatives, desire, etc.: eheu me miserum, quor non aut istaec mihi Aetas et formast, etc., Ter. Hec. 1, 1, 17:c.heu me miserum, cur senatum cogor reprehendere?
Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 14; id. Fam. 2, 7, 5; id. Att. 2, 19, 1:cur ego tecum non sum?
id. ib. 16, 6, 2.—With potential subj., in excusing, deprecating censure, etc.:2.quor ego apud te mentiar?
Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 24; id. Most. 2, 2, 24:cur hunc tam temere quisquam ab officio discessurum judicaret?
Caes. B. G. 1, 40: pro urbis salute, cur non omnibus facultatibus, quas habemus, utamur, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 15; Cic. Cael. 29, 68 al.—Emphatic after si, cum, etc., implying a logical conclusion:3.tum id si falsum fuerat, filius quor non refellit?
Ter. Phorm. 2, 3, 53:nam, si res publica defenditur, cur ea consule isto ipso defensa non est?
Cic. Att. 7, 3, 4; cf.:fac esse distentam... cur tam multos deos nihil agere patitur?
id. N. D. 3, 39, 93:cur autem quidquam ignoraret animus hominis, si esset deus?
id. ib. 1, 11, 28; Nep. Eum. 11, 4; Ov. F. 1, 257.—Strengthened by particles of inference: nam, enim, igitur, etc.: Am. Pestis te tenet. So. Nam quor istuc Dicis? Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 31:nam cur me miseram verberas?
id. Aul. 1, 1, 3:quor simulas igitur?
Ter. And. 1, 1, 21:cur enim, inquies, etc.,
Cic. Ac. 2, 17, 55; Suet. Calig. 34; id. Claud. 4; v. Hand, Turs. II. pp. 175- 183. -
116 sto
sto, stĕti, stătum, 1 (scanned stĕtĕrunt, Verg. A. 2, 774; 3, 48; Ov. H. 7, 166; Prop. 2, 8, 10), v. n. [root sta-; Sanscr. sthā, sthalam, locus; Gr. sta-, histêmi, to set, place; statêr, weight; O. H. Germ. stām; Goth. standa; Engl. stand], to stand, in opposition to sitting, walking, or lying prostrate, to stand still, remain standing, stand upright.I.Lit.A.In gen.:B.hos quos videtis stare hic captivos duos, Illi qui astant, hi stant ambo, non sedent,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 1 sq.; cf.:cum virgo staret et Caecilia in sellā sederet,
Cic. Div. 1, 46, 104:si iste ibit, ito: stabit, astato simul,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 74:abi intro, noli stare,
id. Mil. 4, 3, 36; so (opp. ire) id. Merc. 3, 3, 21; id. Mil. 4, 2, 95; 4, 9, 10; id. Pers. 3, 3, 43; 4, 4, 50; Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 6; 3, 2, 12:i: quid stas, lapis?
id. Heaut. 4, 7, 3:ante aedes,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 56; 1, 1, 250; 2, 2, 35; id. Truc. 2, 3, 14:ante ostium,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 4; id. And. 3, 1, 17; id. Hec. 3, 4, 14; 5, 4, 14:ante oculos,
Ov. Am. 1, 5, 17:ad januam,
Cic. de Or. 2, 86, 353:ad undam,
Verg. G. 4, 356:orantem juxta,
Stat. Th. 11, 618:hic foris,
Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 12:hinc procul,
Ter. Hec. 4, 3, 1:propter in occulto,
Cic. Clu. 28, 78; cf.:qui proximi steterant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 35, 3:propius,
Hor. A. P. 361:sta ilico,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 18:qui frequentissimi in gradibus concordiae steterunt,
Cic. Phil. 7, 8, 21:stans pede in uno,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 10 et saep.—Of things:ita statim stant signa,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 120:quorum statuae steterunt in Rostris,
Cic. Phil. 9, 2, 4:statua,
id. Div. 1, 34, 75:signa ad impluvium, ad valvas Junonis,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 23, § 61:stabat acuta silex,
Verg. A. 8, 233:columna,
Hor. C. 1, 35, 14:cerea effigies,
id. S. 1, 8, 32; cf. poet.:aeneus ut stes,
id. ib. 2, 3, 183.— Pass. impers.: Ps. Statur hic ad hunc modum. Sim. Statum vide hominis, Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 44: Gn. Quid agitur? Pa. Statur, Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 40:confecto munerum cursu moriar stando,
Amm. 24, 3, 7.—Prov.:inter sacrum saxumque sto, nec quid faciam scio,
i.e. I am in a pinch, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 84; v. sacrum.—In partic.1.Pregn., to stand firm or immovable; to last, remain, continue: cui nec arae patriae domi stant; fractae et disjectae jacent, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 3, 19, 44 (Trag. v. 115 Vahl.):2.nec domus ulla nec urbs stare poterit,
Cic. Lael. 7, 23:stantibus Hierosolymis,
id. Fl. 28, 69:ut praeter spem stare muros viderunt,
Liv. 38, 5:urbem innoxiam stare incolumem pati,
id. 31, 31, 15:hasta, quae radice novā, non ferro stabat adacto,
stuck fast, remained fixed, Ov. M. 15, 562:missum stetit inguine ferrum,
id. ib. 5, 132; cf. id. ib. 5, 34;8, 415: stat glacies iners,
Hor. C. 2, 9, 5:aquae,
Ov. M. 4, 732:longā stare senectā,
Sil. 3, 94:cornus stetit inter tempora frontis,
id. 4, 142.—To remain, tarry, linger any where (cf. moror):3.paulisper stetimus in illā ganearum tuarum nidore atque fumo,
Cic. Pis. 6, 13:hos quos video volitare in foro, quos stare ad curiam,
id. Cat. 2, 3, 5: cur non aut stantem comprehenderint, aut fugientem consecuti sint, remaining in the city, id. Cael, 28, 67;so (opp. fugio),
id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54:cum gladiis in conspectu senatus,
id. Phil. 2, 4, 8:qui domi stare non poterant,
id. Fl. 6, 13:(meretrix) olente in fornice stans,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 30; cf. Ov. Am. 1, 10, 21; Juv. 10, 239; cf.of minerals not attracted by the magnet: pondere enim fretae partim stant, quod genus aurum,
Lucr. 6, 1058. —In milit. lang.a.To stand in the ranks or under arms, to fight:b.quisque uti steterat, jacet obtinetque ordinem,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 86: ut sustinere corpora plerique nequeuntes arma sua quisque stantes incumberet, Sall. ap. Serv. Verg. A. 9, 229 (H. 3, 72 Dietsch):cum milites a mane diei jejuni sub armis stetissent defatigati, Auct. B. Afr. 42, 3: primo haud impari stetere acie,
Liv. 26, 44:in Asia totius Asiae steterunt vires,
id. 37, 58: in acie, Auct. B. Hisp. 28 fin.:pars acie stabat, Auct. B. Afr. 51, 6: stetit acies in armis,
Sen. Phoen. 389; cf.:stetit ordine certo Infelix acies,
Luc. 7, 2, 16.—Pregn., to stand firm in fight, stand one's ground, maintain the contest (opp. abjecto scuto fugere), Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:c.in acie stare ac pugnare (opp. in castra refugere),
Liv. 22, 60, 25:Tarquiniensis, novus hostis non stetit solum, sed etiam ab suā parte Romanum pepulit,
id. 2, 6, 11:comminus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 47:inque gradu stetimus, certi non cedere,
Ov. M. 9, 43; cf.:contra leonem,
Spart. Carac. 5.—Transf., of a battle, to last, hold out, continue (a favorite expression of Livy):4.ibi aliquamdiu atrox pugna stetit,
Liv. 29, 2:diu pugna neutro inclinata stetit,
id. 27, 2:ita anceps dicitur certamen stetisse,
id. 8, 38:primo stetit ambiguā spe pugna,
id. 7, 7.—Nautical t. t., to lie, to lie or ride at anchor:5.ante hostium portus in salo stare,
Liv. 37, 16;Auct. B. Afr. 62: naves regiae in sinu Maliaco,
Liv. 36, 20:classis instructa in portu,
id. 37, 11:classis in salo ad Leptim, Auct. B. Afr. 62, 4: litore puppes,
Verg. A. 6, 901.—Of servants, to stand, wait, attend (very rare): neque pueri eximiā facie stabant, C. Gracch. ap. Gell. 15, 12, 2:6.sto exspectans, si quid mihi imperent,
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 46:ad cyathum et vinum,
Suet. Caes. 49; cf.:ad pedes,
id. Galb. 22.—Of buildings, cities, etc., to stand finished, be erected (mostly poet.):7.intra annum nova urbs stetit,
Liv. 6, 4, 6:jam stabant Thebae,
Ov. M. 3, 131:moenia jam stabant,
id. F. 3, 181:stet Capitolium Fulgens,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 42:aedificant muros... Stabat opus,
Ov. M. 11, 205:jam stare ratem,
Val. Fl. 1, 96.—Of the countenance, to be unmoved, to be at rest ( poet.):8.stat num quam facies,
Luc. 5, 214:stant ora metu,
are rigid, Val. Fl. 4, 639; cf.:cur ad patrios non stant tua lumina vultus,
Stat. Th. 10, 693.—To stand up, stand upright, stand on end; to bristle up, stiffen, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose): papillae, Lucil. ap. Non. 391, 26:9.mammae,
Plin. 28, 19, 77, § 249:steterunt comae,
Verg. A. 2, 774; 3, 48; Ov. M. 7, 631; cf. id. ib. 10, 425:crines fulvi pulvere,
Stat. Th. 3, 326:setae,
Ov. M. 8, 286:in vertice cristae,
id. ib. 6, 672:aristae,
id. ib. 10, 655:stantes oculi,
prominent, Ov. F. 6, 133:oculis rigentibus et genis stantibus,
fixed, Plin. 23, 1, 24, § 49. —In mal. part., Mart. 3, 73, 2; App. M. 2, p. 117, 39; Auct. Priap. 75, 2.—Rarely of fluids, to coagulate, stiffen:sanguis stetit,
Sen. Oedip. 585.—With abl., to stand out with, be thick with, full of any thing (mostly poet.): stant pulvere campi, Enn. ap. Porphyr. ad Hor. C. 1, 9, 1 (Ann. v. 592 Vahl.): cupressi Stant rectis foliis, id. ap. Philarg. ad Verg. G. 2, 444 (Ann. v. 268 ib.): stat sentibu' fundus, Lucil. ap. Don. Ter. And. 4, 2, 16; Titin. ap. Non. 391, 21; so,II.ager sentibus,
Caecil. ib. 391, 23:vides ut altā stet nive candidum Soracte,
Hor. C. 1, 9, 1: caelum caligine stat, Sisenn. ap. Non. 392, 8:pulvere caelum,
Verg. A. 12, 408:pulvereo globo astra,
Stat. Th. 7, 124:stant lumina (Charontis) flammā,
Verg. A. 6, 300:stant pulvere Syrtes,
Claud. Laud. Stil. 1, 257.Trop.A.In gen., to stand: mentes, rectae quae stare solebant, Enn. ap. Cic. Sen. 6, 16 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):B.stetisse ipsum in fastigio eloquentiae,
Quint. 12, 1, 20.—In partic.1.Pregn., to stand one's ground, stand firm or unshaken; to endure, persevere, persist, abide, continue:b.moribus antiquis res stat Romana virisque, Enn. ap. Aug. Civ. Dei, 2, 21 (Ann. v. 492 Vahl.): disciplinam militarem, quā stetit ad hanc diem Romana res, solvisti,
Liv. 8, 7:res publica staret,
Cic. Phil. 2, 10, 24; cf. id. Cat. 2, 10, 21:stante urbe et curiā,
id. Planc. 29, 71:ut eo neglecto civitas stare non possit,
id. Cael. 1, 1:utinam res publica stetisset, quo coeperat statu,
id. Off. 2, 1, 3:qui illam (rem publicam) cadere posse stante me non putārant,
id. Fam. 6, 6, 2:ut stante re publicā facere solebamus,
id. Off. 2, 1, 3:neque enim aliter stare possemus,
id. Sest. 45, 97:per quos homines ordinesque steterim, quibusque munitus fuerim, non ignoras,
id. Fam. 13, 29, 7; cf.:eorum auxilio, qui me stante stare non poterant,
id. ib. 7, 2, 3:respublica stetit virtute tuā,
Liv. 4, 40:stetit regnum puero,
id. 1, 3:dum stetimus,
Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 17:stamus animis,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2:stas animo,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 213:Gabinium sine provinciā stare non posse,
could not hold out, subsist, Cic. Pis. 6, 12; cf. id. Fl. 6, 14; Suet. Oth. 5:nedum sermonum stet honos,
Hor. A. P. 69.—Hence, nearly—esse, tantā stat praedita culpā (natura), Lucr. 5, 199:pausam stare fragori,
id. 1, 747.—(Acc. to its use as a milit. t. t., v. supra, I. B. 3.) To maintain the contest:c.cum in senatu pulcherrime staremus,
Cic. Fam. 1, 4, 1.—Stare in aliquā re, simply aliquā re, and post-class. also alicui rei, to stand firm, persist, persevere; to rest, abide, adhere to, continue in a thing.(α).In aliquā re:(β).si in fide non stetit,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 10, 28:sin in eo non stat,
id. Att. 2, 4, 1:stare oportet in eo, quod sit judicatum,
id. Fin. 1, 14, 47:in sententiā,
Liv. 4, 44.—With abl.:(γ).eā omnes stant sententiā,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 1, 35:suis stare judiciis,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 28, 81:censoris opinione,
id. Clu. 47, 132:alicujus decreto,
Caes. B. G. 6, 13:stare conditionibus,
Cic. Att. 7, 15, 2:stare conventis,
id. Off. 3, 25, 95:stare jurejurando,
Quint. 5, 6, 4:nihil quo stat loco stabit, omnia sternet abducetque vetustas,
Sen. ad Marc. 26, 4.— Pass. impers.:stabitur consilio,
Liv. 7, 35:etsi priore foedere staretur,
id. 21, 19:famā rerum standum est,
id. 7, 6.—With dat.:(δ).arbitri sententiae stare,
Dig. 4, 7, 23 fin.:voluntati patris,
ib. 26, 7, 3; 36, 3, 6:rei judicatae,
ib. 42, 1, 32:emptioni,
ib. 19, 1, 13; ib. 4, 8, 27 (five times) et saep.—Stat sententia, aliquid, or, impersonally, stat ( alicui), the determination stands or holds good; I ( thou, he, etc.) am determined: Pa. Vide quid agas. Ph. Stat sententia, Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 18:d.Hannibal, postquam ipsi sententia stetit, pergere ire,
Liv. 21, 30:stat sententia tradere mecum Dotalem patriam,
Ov. M. 8, 67:modo nobis stet illud, unā vivere in studiis nostris,
Cic. Fam. 9, 2, 5:stat pectore fixum, Aeetae sociare manus,
Val. Fl. 5, 289:nos in Asiam convertemus: neque adhuc stabat, quo potissimum,
Cic. Att. 3, 14, 2:mihi stat alere morbum,
Nep. Att. 21, 6:quos ut seponi stetit,
Sil. 3, 68:stat, casus renovare omnes,
Verg. A. 2, 750. —In aliquā re, or simply aliquā re, to rest on, be fixed on, depend upon, etc.:2.omnis in Ascanio stat cura parentis,
Verg. A. 1, 646:regnum fraternā stare concordiā,
Liv. 45, 19:quā (disciplinā) stetit Romana res,
id. 8, 7:hac arte (i.e. bello) in patriā steti,
id. 5, 44, 2; Val. Fl. 3, 673; Verg. A. 2, 163:magis famā quam vi stare res suas,
Tac. A. 6, 30:apud quos virtute quam pecuniā res Romana melius stetit,
id. H. 2, 69 fin.:famā bella stare,
Curt. 3, 8, 7.—In theatr. lang., of plays and actors, to stand, i.e. to please, take, succeed:3.quod si intellegeret, cum stetit olim nova (fabula), Actoris operā magis stetisse quam suā,
Ter. Phorm. prol. 9 sq.:partim vix steti, id. Hec. prol. alt. 7: securus, cadat an recto stat fabula talo,
Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 176:illi, scripta quibus comoedia prisca viris est, Hoc stabant, hoc sunt imitandi,
id. S. 1, 10, 17.—Stare, ab, cum, or pro aliquo, or aliquā re, or with adv. loci, to stand by, on the side of, adhere to a person or thing, take the part of:4.ut nemo contra civium perditorum dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causā steterit constantius,
Cic. Brut. 79, 273:a se potius quam ab adversariis,
id. Inv. 1, 43, 81:a mendacio contra verum,
id. ib. 1, 3, 4:a contrariā ratione,
Auct. Her. 4, 2, 4:cum di prope ipsi cum Hannibale starent,
Liv. 26, 41, 17; 5, 38:stabat cum eo senatus majestas,
id. 8, 34, 1:nobiscum adversus bar, baros,
Nep. Ages. 5, 4:si pro meā patriā ista virtus staret,
Liv. 2, 12:pro jure gentium,
id. 38, 25:pro vobis adversus reges stetimus,
id. 45, 22, 10; 23, 8, 3 Fabri ad loc.:pro Jubā atque Afris,
Quint. 11, 1, 80:pro signis,
Ov. A. A. 1, 200:quamvis duces non essent praesentes, staret tamen pro partibus invicta fortuna ultoris,
Flor. 4, 7, 10:hic primo pro Pompei partibus, mox simulatione contra Pompeium stetit,
Vell. 2, 48, 4:voluptas pro iisdem partibus standi,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 4, 1; cf.:et dii quoque pro meliore stant causā,
Curt. 4, 1, 13:hinc stas, illinc causam dicis,
Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 48:unde stetisset, eo se victoria transferret,
Just. 5, 4, 12: non semper vostra evortet: nunc Juppiter hac stat, stands at your side, stands by you, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 263 Vahl.); imitated by Verg. A. 12, 565.—So with in:Graeci, qui in Darei partibus steterant,
Curt. 3, 11, 18.—Stare per aliquem, to stand to one's account, be chargeable or owing to one; to lie at one's door, be one's fault; followed by a negative consequence or effect, expressed by quin, [p. 1763] quominus, or ne.(α).With quin:(β).quoniam per eum non stetisset, quin praestaretur, etc.,
Liv. 2, 31, 11 Weissenb.ad loc.—With quominus (freq.):(γ).si poterit fieri, ut ne pater per me stetisse credat, Quominus haec fierent nuptiae, volo: sed si id non poterit, Id faciam in proclivi quod est, per me stetisse, ut credat,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 16 sq.:Caesar ubi cognovit per Afranium stare, quominus proelio dimicaretur,
Caes. B. C. 1, 41:graviter eam rem tulerunt, quod stetisse per Trebonium, quominus oppido potirentur, videbatur,
id. ib. 2, 13; so,nec, quominus perpetua cum eis amicitia esset, per populum Romanum stetisse,
Liv. 8, 2, 2; 9, 14, 1; 6, 33, 2; 44, 14, 12.—With ne:5.ne praestaremus per vos stetit, qui, etc.,
Liv. 45, 23, 6:non per milites stetisse, ne vincerent,
id. 3, 61, 2:quasi per ipsum staret, ne redderetur,
Suet. Aug. 28.—Rarely without the negation; so with ut:per quam (ignorantiam) stetit, ut tibi obligarer,
Plin. Ep. 10, 6 (22), 2; cf. Ter. And. 4, 2, 17 supra; absol.:id est, non per me stetit, sed per illud,
Quint. 3, 6, 78; with subj.-clause:si per eum non stetit, parere defuncti voluntati,
Dig. 32, 1, 36.—Of price, to stand one in, to come to, to cost (mostly post-Aug.):Periclum vitae meae tuo stat periculo,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 82:Polybius scribit, centum talentis eam rem Achaeis stetisse,
Liv. 34, 50; cf.:sit argumento tibi gratis stare navem,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 19, § 48:haud illi stabunt Aeneia parvo Hospitia,
Verg. A. 10, 494:quae neque magno Stet pretio,
Hor. S. 1, 2, 122:multo sanguine ac vulneribus ea Poenis victoria stetit,
Liv. 23, 30:haud scio an magno detrimento certamen staturum fuerit,
id. 3, 60:utrique vindicta libertatis morte stetit,
Vell. 2, 64, 3:heu quanto regnis nox stetit una tuis?
Ov. F. 2, 812 et saep.:nulla pestis humano generi pluris stetit,
Sen. Ira, 1, 2, 1. -
117 volo
1.vŏlo (2 d pers. sing. vis, orig. veis, Prisc. 9, 1, 6, p. 847 P.; 1 st pers. plur. volumus, but volimus, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 89 Speng.; 3 d pers. sing. volt, and 2 d pers. plur. voltis always in ante-class. writers;I.also volt,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 17, § 42; 2, 5, 49, § 128; id. Sest. 42, 90; id. Phil. 8, 9, 26; id. Par. 5, 1, 34; id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:voltis,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 53, § 122; 2, 3, 94, § 219; 2, 5, 5, § 11; 2, 3, 89, § 208; id. Clu. 30, 83; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 33; id. Sest. 30, 64; id. Par. 1, 2, 11 et saep. — Pres. subj. velim, but sometimes volim, Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 44 Ritschl; cf. Prisc. 9, 1, 8, p. 848 P.;so volint,
Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 65 Ritschl), velle, volui ( part. fut. voliturus, Serv. ad Verg. A. 5, 712; contr. forms, vin for visne, freq. in Plaut. and Ter., also Hor. S. 1, 9, 69; Pers. 6, 63:sis for si vis,
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 70; id. Merc. 4, 4, 37; id. Pers. 3, 3, 8; Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 20; id. Heaut. 1, 2, 38; Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42; id. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Mil. 22, 60; Liv. 34, 32, 20:sultis for si voltis, only ante-class.,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 8; id. As. prol. 1; id. Capt. 2, 3, 96; 3, 5, 9; 4, 4, 11), v. irreg. a. [Sanscr. var-; Gr. bol-, boulomai; cf. the strengthened root Wel- in eeldomai, elpomai; Germ. wollen; Engl. will], expressing any exercise of volition, and corresponding, in most cases, to the Germ. wollen; in Engl. mostly rendered, to wish, want, intend, purpose, propose, be willing, consent, mean, will, and, impersonally, it is my will, purpose, intention, plan, policy (syn.: cupio, opto; but volo properly implies a purpose).In gen.A.With object-infinitive.1.With pres. inf.a.To wish.(α).Exire ex urbe priusquam luciscat volo, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 35:(β).potare ego hodie tecum volo,
id. Aul. 3, 6, 33:ego quoque volo esse liber: nequiquam volo,
id. Trin. 2, 4, 39; so id. ib. 2, 4, 164:ait rem seriam agere velle mecum,
Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 8:natus enim debet quicunque est velle manere In vita,
Lucr. 5, 177:video te alte spectare et velle in caelum migrare,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 34, 82:quid poetae? Nonne post mortem nobilitari volunt?
id. ib. 1, 15, 34:si innocentes existimari volumus,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 28:quoniam opinionis meae voluistis esse participes,
id. de Or. 1, 37, 172:quod eas quoque nationes adire et regiones cognoscere volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 7:si velit suos recipere, obsides sibi remittat,
id. ib. 3, 8 fin.:dominari illi volunt, vos liberi esse,
Sall. J. 31, 23:si haec relinquere voltis,
id. C. 58, 15:priusquam liberi estis, dominari jam in adversarios vultis,
Liv. 3, 53, 7:si quis vestrum suos invisere volt, commeatum do,
id. 21, 21, 5:non enim vincere tantum noluit, sed vinci voluit,
id. 2, 59, 2:suspitionem Caesar quibusdam reliquit, neque voluisse se diutius vivere, neque curasse,
Suet. Caes. 85:Eutrapelus cuicunque nocere volebat, Vestimenta dabat pretiosa,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 31.—Idiomatically: quid arbitramini Rheginos merere velle ut ab iis marmorea illa Venus auferatur? what do you think the Rhegini would take for, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 60, § 135.—(γ).Transf., of things: fabula quae posci vult et spectata reponi, a comedy which wishes (i. e. is meant) to be in demand, etc., Hor. A. P. 190:b.neque enim aut hiare semper vocalibus aut destitui temporibus volunt sermo atque epistula,
Quint. 9, 4, 20; cf. id. 8, prooem. 23.—Of the wishes of those that have a right to command, the gods, masters, parents, commanders, etc., I want, wish, will, am resolved, it is my will:c.in acdibus quid tibi meis erat negoti...? Volo scire,
Plaut. Aul. 3, 2, 14; 3, 2, 17; 3, 2, 18; 3, 6, 27; id. Curc. 4, 3, 11; id. Ep. 3, 4, 74; id. Mil. 2, 3, 74; 3, 1, 17; id. Stich. 1, 2, 56; Ter. And. 1, 2, 9; 4, 2, 17:maxima voce clamat populus, neque se uni, nec paucis velle parere,
Cic. Rep. 1, 35, 55:consuesse deos immortalis, quos pro scelere eorum ulcisci velint, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13:hic experiri vim virtutemque volo,
Liv. 23, 45, 9.—= in animo habere, to intend, purpose, mean, design:d.ac volui inicere tragulam in nostrum senem,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 4, 14:eadem quae illis voluisti facere tu, faciunt tibi,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 11; so id. Most. 2, 2, 5:puerumque clam voluit exstinguere,
Ter. Hec. 5, 1, 23:necare candem voluit,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31: quid enim ad illum qui te captare vult, utrum [p. 2005] tacentem te irretiat an loquentem? id. Ac. 2, 29, 94:hostis hostem occidere volui,
Liv. 2, 12, 9; 7, 34, 11: volui interdiu eum... occidere; volui, cum ad cenam invitavi, veneno scilicet tollere;volui... ferro interficere (ironically),
id. 40, 13, 2:tuum crimen erit, hospitem occidere voluisse,
the intention to kill your guest-friend, Val. Max. 5, 1, 3 fin.; 6, 1, 8:non enim vult mori, sed invidiam filio facere,
Quint. 9, 2, 85.—Pregn., opp. optare: non vult mori qui optat,
Sen. Ep. 117, 24:sed eo die is, cui dare volueram (epistulam), non est profectus,
Cic. Att. 9, 7, 1:cum de senectute vellem aliquid scribere,
id. Sen. 1, 2:ego te volui castigare, tu mihi accussatrix ades,
Plaut. As. 3, 1, 10:bonus volo jam ex hoc die esse,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 10:ego jam a principio amici filiam, Ita ut aequom fuerat, volui uxorem ducere,
Ter. Phorm. 4, 3, 46:at etiam eo negotio M. Catonis splendorem maculare voluerunt,
it was their purpose, Cic. Sest. 28, 60:eum (tumulum) non tam capere sine certamine volebat, quam causam certaminis cum Minucio contrahere,
his plan was, Liv. 22, 28, 4.—Of things:cum lex venditionibus occurrere voluit,
when it was the purpose of the law, Dig. 46, 1, 46: sed quid ea drachuma facere vis? Ca. Restim volo Mihi emere... qui me faciam pensilem, Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 87: Ch. Revorsionem ad terram faciunt vesperi. Ni. Aurum hercle auferre voluere, id. Bacch. 2, 3, 63:si iis qui haec omnia flamma ac ferro delere voluerunt... bellum indixi, etc.,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 10, 24:(plebem) per caedem senatus vacuam rem publicam tradere Hannibali velle,
Liv. 23, 2, 7:rem Nolanam in jus dicionemque dare voluerat Poeno,
id. 23, 15, 9: qui (majores nostri) tanta cura Siculos tueri ac retinere voluerunt ut, etc., whose policy it was to protect, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 6, § 14:ut qui a principio mitis omnibus Italicis praeter Romanos videri vellet, etc.,
Liv. 23, 15, 4: idem istuc, si in vilitate largiri voluisses, derisum tuum beneficium esset, if you had offered to grant the same thing during low prices, etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 92, § 215.—= studere, conari, to try, endeavor, attempt:e.quas (i. e. magnas res) qui impedire vult, is et infirmus est mobilisque natura, et, etc.,
Cic. Lael. 20, 75:nam si quando id (exordium) primum invenire volui, nullum mihi occurrit, nisi aut exile, aut, etc.,
id. Or. 2, 77, 315:de Antonio dico, numquam illum... nonnullorum de ipso suspitionem infitiando tollere voluisse,
that he never attempted to remove, id. Sest. 3, 8; id. Div. 1, 18, 35:audes Fatidicum fallere velle deum?
do you dare attempt? Ov. F. 2, 262.—To mean, of actions and expressions:f.hic respondere voluit, non lacessere,
the latter meant to answer, not to provoke, Ter. Phorm. prol. 19:non te judices urbi sed carceri reservarunt, neque to retinere in civitate, sed exilio privare voluerunt,
Cic. Att. 1, 16, 9.—So, volo dicere, I mean (lit. I intend to say):quid aliud volui dicere?
Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 51:volo autem dicere, illud homini longe optimum esse quod ipsum sit optandum per se,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 20, 46.—Often with the acc. illud or id, as a correction: Tr. Specta quam arcte dormiunt. Th. Dormiunt? Tr. Illut quidem ut conivent volui dicere, I mean how they nod, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 145: Py. Quid? bracchium? Ar. Illud dicere volui femur, id. Mil. 1, 1, 27:adduxi volui dicere,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 21; id. Am. 1, 1, 233; 1, 1, 235; id. Cas. 2, 6, 14; id. Mil. 3, 2, 7; id. Ps. 3, 2, 54; id. Rud. 2, 4, 9.—To be going to: haec argumenta ego aedificiis dixi; nunc etiam volo docere ut homines aedium esse similes arbitremini, now I am going to show how, etc., Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 37: quando bene gessi rem, volo hic in fano supplicare, I am going to worship here, etc., id. Curc. 4, 2, 41:g.nunc quod relicuom restat volo persolvere,
id. Cist. 1, 3, 40:sustine hoc, Penicule, exuvias facere quas vovi volo,
id. Men. 1, 3, 13:sinite me prospectare ne uspiam insidiae sint, consilium quod habere volumus,
id. Mil. 3, 1, 3; id. As. 2, 2, 113; id. Cas. 4, 2, 3; id. Bacch. 1, 1, 61:si Prometheus, cum mortalibus ignem dividere vellet, ipse a vicinis carbunculos conrogaret, ridiculus videretur,
Auct. Her. 4, 6, 9:ait se velle de illis HS. LXXX. cognoscere,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 23, § 56:hinc se recipere cum vellent, rursus illi ex loco superiore nostros premebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 45. —To be about to, on the point of: quom mittere signum Volt, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 88 Vahl.):h.quotiens ire volo foras, retines me, rogitas quo ego eam,
Plaut. Men. 1, 2, 5:quae sese in ignem inicere voluit, prohibui,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 113:si scires aspidem latere uspiam, et velle aliquem imprudentem super eam adsidere,
Cic. Fin. 2, 18, 59; id. Div. 1, 52, 118:quod cum facere vellent, intervenit M. Manilius,
id. Rep. 1, 12, 18:qui cum opem ferre vellet, nuntiatum sibi esse aliam classem ad Aegates insulas stare,
Liv. 22, 56, 7:at Libys obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, In spatium resilire manus breve vidit,
Ov. M. 3, 676; 1, 635:P. Claudius cum proelium navale committere vellet,
Val. Max. 1, 4, 3.—Will, and in oblique discourse and questions would, the auxiliaries of the future and potential: animum advortite: Comediai nomen dari vobis volo, I will give you, etc., Plaut. Cas. prol. 30:k.sed, nisi molestum est, nomen dare vobis volo comediai,
id. Poen. prol. 50:vos ite intro. Interea ego ex hac statua verberea volo erogitare... quid sit factum,
id. Capt. 5, 1, 30:i tu atque arcessi illam: ego intus quod facto est opus volo adcurare,
id. Cas. 3, 3, 35; id. Cist. 1, 1, 113; id. Most. 1, 1, 63; id. Poen. 2, 44; id. Pers. 1, 3, 85; id. Rud. 1, 2, 33: cum vero (gemitus) nihil imminuat doloris, cur frustra turpes esse volumus? why will ( would) we be disgraceful to no purpose? Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57:illa enim (ars) te, verum si loqui volumus, ornaverat,
id. ib. 1, 47, 112:ergo, si vere aestimare volumus, etc.,
Val. Max. 7, 5, 6:si vere aestimare Macedonas, qui tunc erant, volumus,
Curt. 4, 16, 33:ejus me compotem facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, etc.,
Liv. 7, 40, 5:visne igitur, dum dies ista venit... interea tu ipse congredi mecum ut, etc....?
id. 8, 7, 7:volo tibi Chrysippi quoque distinctionem indicare,
Sen. Ep. 9, 14: vis tu homines urbemque feris praeponere silvis? will you prefer, etc., Hor. S. 2, 6, 92; cf. velim and vellem, would, II. A. 2.—Sometimes volui = mihi placuit, I resolved, concluded (generally, in this meaning, followed by an infinitive clause, v. I. B. 4.):1.uti tamen tuo consilio volui,
still I concluded to follow your advice, Cic. Att. 8, 3, 1.—To be willing, ready, to consent, like to do something: si sine bello velint rapta... tradere... se exercitum domum reducturum, if they were willing, would consent to, would deliver, etc., Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 52:m.is dare volt, is se aliquid posci,
likes to give, id. As. 1, 3, 29:hoc dixit, si hoc de cella concederetur, velle Siculos senatui polliceri frumentum in cellam gratis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 87, § 200:ei laxiorem daturos, si venire ad causam dicendam vellet,
Liv. 39, 17, 2; 5, 36, 4: nemo invenitur qui pecuniam suam dividere velit. Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 1:plerique concessam sibi sub condicione vitam si militare adversus eum vellent, recusarunt,
Suet. Caes. 68:dedere etiam se volebant, si toleranda viris imperarentur,
Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12.—So with negatives, to be not willing, not to suffer, not to like, not to allow, refuse:heri nemo voluit Sostratam intro admittere,
Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 49:cum alter verum audire non vult,
Cic. Lael. 26, 98: a proximis quisque minime anteiri vult, likes least to be surpassed, etc., Liv. 6, 34, 7:nihil ex his praeter... accipere voluit,
refused to accept, Val. Max. 4, 3, 4.—To do something voluntarily or intentionally: volo facere = mea voluntate or sponte facio: si voluit accusare, pietati tribuo;n.si jussus est, necessitati,
if he accused of his own free will, I ascribe it to his filial love, Cic. Cael. 1, 2:utrum statuas voluerint tibi statuere, an coacti sint,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 65, § 157:de risu quinque sunt quae quaerantur... sitne oratoris risum velle permovere,
on purpose, id. Or. 2, 58, 235:laedere numquam velimus,
Quint. 6, 3, 28.—So, non velle with inf., to do something unwillingly, with reluctance:vivere noluit qui mori non vult,
who dies with reluctance, Sen. Ep. 30, 10.—To be of opinion, think, mean, pretend (rare with inf.; usu. with acc. and inf.; v. B. 8.):o.haec tibi scripsi ut isto ipso in genere in quo aliquid posse vis, te nihil esse cognosceres,
in which you imagine you have some influence, Cic. Fam. 7, 27, 2:in hoc homo luteus etiam callidus ac veterator esse vult, quod ita scribit, etc.,
pretends, means to be, id. Verr. 2, 3, 14, § 35: sed idem Aelius Stoicus esse voluit, orator autem nec studuit um quam, nec fuit, id. Brut. 56, 206:Pythago. ras, qui etiam ipse augur esse vellet,
id. Div. 1, 3, 5.—To like, have no objection to, approve of (cf. E. 1. sq.):2.magis eum delectat qui se ait philosophari velle sed paucis: nam omnino haud placere,
that he liked, had no objection to philosophizing, Cic. Rep. 1, 18, 30; v. also II. A.—With pres. inf. understood.a.Supplied from a preceding or subsequent clause.(α).To wish, it is his will, etc. (cf. 1. a. and b. supra):(β).nunc bene vivo et fortunate atque ut volo, i. e. vivere,
as I wish, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 111: quod diu vivendo multa quae non volt (i. e. videre) videt, Caecil. ap. Cic. Sen. 8, 25:proinde licet quotvis vivendo condere saecla,
Lucr. 3, 1090:nec tantum proficiebam quantum volebam,
Cic. Att. 1, 17, 1:tot autem rationes attulit, ut velle (i. e. persuadere) ceteris, sibi certe persuasisse videatur,
id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49:sed liceret, si velint, in Ubiorum finibus considere,
Caes. B. G. 4, 81:quo praesidio senatus libere quae vellet decernere auderet,
id. B. C. 1, 2.—Of things:neque chorda sonum reddit quem vult manus et mens,
Hor. A. P. 348.—To choose, be pleased (freq.):(γ).tum mihi faciat quod volt magnus Juppiter,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 50:id repetundi copia est, quando velis,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 7:habuit aurum quamdiu voluit,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31:rapiebat et asportabat quantum a quoque volebat Apronius,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 12, § 29:provincias quas vellet, quibus vellet, venderet?
id. Sest. 39, 84:quotiens ille tibi potestatem facturus sit ut eligas utrum velis,
id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 45:daret utrum vellet subclamatum est,
Liv. 21, 18, 14:senatus consultum factum est ut plebes praeficeret quaestioni quem vellet,
id. 4, 51, 2:saxi materiaeque caedendae unde quisque vellet jus factum,
id. 5, 55, 3; cf. id. 2, 13, 9; 5, 46, 10; 6, 25, 5; 22, 10, 23; 23, 6, 2; 23, 15, 15; 23, 45, 10; 23, 47, 2;26, 21, 11: vicem suam conquestus, quod sibi soli non liceret amicis, quatenus vellet, irasci,
Suet. Aug. 66:at tu quantum vis tolle,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 16.—To intend, it is my purpose, etc. (v. 1. c. supra):(δ).sine me pervenire quo volo,
let me come to my point, Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 44:scripsi igitur Aristotelio more, quemadmodum quidem volui, tres libros... de Oratore,
as I intended, Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 23:ut meliore condicione quam qua ipse vult imitetur homines eos qui, etc.,
id. Div. in Caecil. 8, 25:ego istos posse vincere scio, velle ne scirem ipsi fecerunt,
Liv. 2, 45, 12. —To be willing, to consent, I will (v. 1. h. and l. supra): tu eum orato... St. Sane volo, yes, I will, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 57:(ε).jube me vinciri. Volo, dum istic itidem vinciatur,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 75:patri dic velle (i. e. uxorem ducere),
that you consent, are willing, Ter. And. 2, 3, 20 (cf.: si vis, II. A. 2, and sis, supra init.).—To do something voluntarily (v. 1. m. supra):b.tu selige tantum, Me quoque velle velis, anne coactus amem,
Ov. Am. 3, 11, 50.—With ellipsis of inf.(α).Volo, with a designation of place, = ire volo:(β).nos in Formiano morabamur, quo citius audiremus: deinde Arpinum volebamus,
I intended to go to Arpinum, Cic. Att. 9, 1, 3:volo mensi Quinctili in Graeciam,
id. ib. 14, 7, 2:hactenus Vitellius voluerat (i. e. procedere),
Tac. A. 12, 42 fin. —With other omissions, supplied from context: volo Dolabellae valde desideranti, non reperio quid (i. e. to dedicate some writing to him), Cic. Att. 13, 13, 2.—(γ).In mal. part., Plaut. Aul. 2, 4, 7; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 16; 2. 19, 2; Prop. 1, 13, 36.—3.With perfect infinitive active (rare).a.In negative imperative sentences dependent on ne velis, ne velit (in oblique discourse also ne vellet), where ne velis has the force of noli. The perfect infinitive emphatically represents the action as completed (ante-class. and poet.).(α).In ancient ordinances of the Senate and of the higher officers (not in laws proper): NEIQVIS EORVM BACANAL HABVISE VELET... BACAS VIR NEQVIS ADIESE VELET CEIVIS ROMANVS... NEVE PECVNIAM QVISQVAM EORVM COMOINEM HABVISE VELET... NEVE... QVIQVAM FECISE VELET. NEVE INTER SED CONIOVRASE, NEVE COMVOVISE NEVE CONSPONDISE, etc., S. C. de Bacch. 4-13 ap. Wordsworth, Fragm. and Spec. p. 172.—So, in quoting such ordinances: per totam Italiam edicta mitti ne quis qui Bacchis initiatus esset, coisse aut convenisse causa sacrorum velit. [p. 2006] neu quid talis rei divinae fecisse, Liv. 39, 14, 8:(β).edixerunt ne quis quid fugae causa vendidisse neve emisse vellet,
id. 39, 17, 3. —In imitation of official edicts: (vilicus) ne quid emisse velit insciente domino, neu quid domino celasse velit, the overseer must not buy any thing, etc., Cato, R. R. 5, 4:b.interdico, ne extulisse extra aedis puerum usquam velis,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 48:oscula praecipue nulla dedisse velis (= noli dare),
Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38:ne quis humasse velit Ajacem, Atride, vetas? Cur?
Hor. S. 2, 3, 187.—In affirmative sentences, implying command (in any mood or tense; mostly poet.): neminem nota strenui aut ignavi militis notasse volui, I have decided to mark no one, etc., Liv. 24, 16, 11: quia pepercisse vobis volunt, committere vos cur pereatis non patiuntur, because they have decided to spare you, etc., id. 32, 21, 33:c.sunt delicta tamen quibus ignovisse velimus (= volumus),
which should be pardoned, Hor. A. P. 347.—To represent the will as referring to a completed action.(α).In optative sentences with vellem or velim, v. II. B. 5. b. a, and II. C. 1. b.—(β).In other sentences ( poet. and post-class.): ex omnibus praediis ex quibus non hac mente recedimus ut omisisse possessionem velimus, with the will to abandon (omittere would denote the purpose to give up at some future time), Dig. 43, 16, 1, § 25; so,B.an erit qui velle recuset Os populi meruisse?
Pers. 1, 41:qui me volet incurvasse querela,
id. 1, 91.With acc. and inf.1.To wish (v. A. 1. a.).a.With a different subject: hoc volo scire te: Perditus sum miser, I wish you to know, etc., Plaut. Curc. 1, 2, 46:b.deos volo consilia vostra vobis recte vortere,
id. Trin. 5, 2, 31:emere oportet quem tibi oboedire velis,
id. Pers. 2, 4, 2:scin' quid nunc te facere volo?
Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 85:si perpetuam vis esse adfinitatem hanc,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 10:consul ille egit eas res quarum me participem esse voluit,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 17, 41:vim volumus exstingui: jus valeat necesse est,
id. Sest. 42, 92:nec mihi hunc errorem extorqueri volo,
id. Sen. 23, 85:hoc te scire volui,
id. Att. 7, 18, 4:harum causarum fuit justissima quod Germanos suis quoque rebus timere voluit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16:ut equites qui salvam esse rempublicam vellent ex equis desilirent,
Liv. 4, 38, 2:si me vivere vis recteque videre valentem,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 3:si vis me flere, dolendum est Primum ipsi tibi,
id. A. P. 102.—With pass. inf. impers.:regnari tamen omnes volebant,
that there should be a king, Liv. 1, 17, 3:mihi volo ignosci,
I wish to be pardoned, Cic. Or. 1, 28, 130:volt sibi quisque credi,
Liv. 22, 22, 14. —With the same subject.(α).With inf. act.:(β).quae mihi est spes qua me vivere velim,
what hope have I, that I should wish to live? Plaut. Rud. 1, 3, 33:volo me placere Philolachi,
id. Most. 1, 3, 11; cf. id. Trin. 2, 2, 47; id. Rud. 2, 6, 1:judicem esse me, non doctorem volo,
Cic. Or. 33, 117:vult, credo, se esse carum suis,
id. Sen. 20, 73; so id. Off. 1, 31, 113; id. de Or. 1, 24, 112; 2, 23, 95. —With inf. pass.:2.quod certiorem te vis fieri quo quisque in me animo sit,
Cic. Att. 11, 13, 1; cf. id. Fam. 1, 9, 18:qui se ex his minus timidos existimari volebant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39; cf. id. B. C. 2, 29:religionis se causa... Bacchis initiari velle,
Liv. 39, 10, 2:Agrippae se nepotem neque credi neque dici volebat,
Suet. Calig. 22 fin. —Of the will of superiors, gods, etc. (cf. A. 1. b. supra), I want, it is my will:3.me absente neminem volo intromitti,
Plaut. Aul. 1, 3, 21:viros nostros quibus tu voluisti esse nos matres familias,
id. Stich. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 1, 4, 2; id. Rud. 4, 5, 9; id. Trin. 1, 2, 1:pater illum alterum (filium) secum omni tempore volebat esse,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 42:(deus) quinque reliquis motibus orbem esse voluit expertem,
id. Univ. 10; cf. id. Sest. 69, 147; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 57; 1, 5, 14:causa mittendi fuit quod iter per Alpes... patefieri volebat,
Caes. B. G. 3, 1; cf. id. ib. 5, 9; id. B. C. 1, 4:quippe (senatus) foedum hominem a republica procul esse volebat,
Sall. C. 19, 2:nec (di) patefieri (crimina) ut impunita essent, sed ut vindicarentur voluerunt,
Liv. 39, 16, 11; cf. id. 1, 56, 3; 2, 28, 5; 25, 32, 6:senatus... Romano sanguini pudicitiam tutam esse voluit,
Val. Max. 6, 1, 9; cf. id. 6, 9, 2.—So in the historians: quid fieri vellet (velit), after a verbum imperandi or declarandi, he gave his orders, explained his will:quid fieri velit praecipit,
Caes. B. G. 5, 56:ibi quid fieri vellet imperabat,
id. ib. 7, 16:quid fieri vellet ostendit,
id. ib. 7, 27:quae fieri vellet edocuit,
id. B. C. 3, 108; cf. id. B. G. 7, 45; id. B. C. 3, 78; 3, 89:quid fieri vellet edixit,
Curt. 8, 10, 30; 4, 13, 24; Val. Max. 7, 4, 2.— Frequently majores voluerunt, it was the will of our ancestors, referring to ancient customs and institutions:sacra Cereris summa majores nostri religione confici caerimoniaque voluerunt,
Cic. Balb. 24, 55: majores vestri ne vos quidem temere coire voluerunt, cf. id. ib. 17, 39; 23, 54; id. Agr. 2, 11, 26; id. Fl. 7, 15; id. Imp. Pomp. 13, 39; id. Div. 1, 45, 103; id. Font. 24, 30 (10, 20); id. Rosc. Am. 25, 70.—Of testamentary dispositions: cum Titius, heres meus, mortuus erit, volo hereditatem meam ad P. Mevium pertinere, Gai Inst. 2, 277. Except in the institution of the first heir: at illa (institutio) non est comprobata: Titum heredem esse volo, Gai Inst. 2, 117. —Of the intention of a writer, etc., to want, to mean, intend:4.Asinariam volt esse (nomen fabulae) si per vos licet,
Plaut. As. prol. 12:Plautus hanc mihi gnatam esse voluit Inopiam,
has wanted Poverty to be my daughter, made her my daughter, id. Trin. prol. 9:primumdum huic esse nomen Diphilus Cyrenas voluit,
id. Rud. prol. 33:quae ipsi qui scripserunt voluerunt vulgo intellegi,
meant to be understood by all, Cic. Or. 2, 14, 60:si non hoc intellegi volumus,
id. Fat. 18, 41:quale intellegi vult Cicero cum dicit orationem suam coepisse canescere,
Quint. 11, 1, 31; so id. 9, 4, 82; 9, 3, 9:quamquam illi (Prometheo) quoque ferreum anulum dedit antiquitas vinculumque id, non gestamen, intellegi voluit,
Plin. 33, 1, 4, § 8.—To resolve:5.Siculi... me defensorem calamitatum suarum... esse voluerunt,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:si a me causam hanc vos (judices) agi volueritis,
if you resolve, id. ib. 8, 25:senatus te voluit mihi nummos, me tibi frumentum dare,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:qua (statua) abjecta, basim tamen in foro manere voluerunt,
id. ib. 2, 2, 66, §160: liberam debere esse Galliam quam (senatus) suis legibus uti voluisset,
Caes. B. G. 1, 45:tu Macedonas tibi voluisti genua ponere, venerarique te ut deum,
Curt. 8 (7), 13.— Hence,To order, command: erus meus tibi me salutem multam voluit dicere, has ordered me, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 25:6.montem quem a Labieno occupari voluerit,
which he had ordered to be occupied, Caes. B. G. 1, 22:ibi futuros esse Helvetios ubi eos Caesar... esse voluisset,
id. ib. 1, 13 (for velitis jubeatis with inf.-clause, v. II. B. 5. d.).—To consent, allow (cf. A. 1. I.):7.obtinuere ut (tribuni) tribuniciae potestatis vires salubres vellent reipublicae esse,
they prevailed upon them to permit the tribunitian power to be wholesome to the republic, Liv. 2, 44, 5:Hiero tutores... puero reliquit quos precatus est moriens ut juvenum suis potissimum vestigiis insistere vellent,
id. 24, 4, 5:petere ut eum... publicae etiam curae ac velut tutelae vellent esse (i. e. senatus),
id. 42, 19, 5:orare tribunos ut uno animo cum consulibus bellum ab urbe ac moenibus propulsari vellent,
id. 3, 69, 5:quam superesse causam Romanis cur non... incolumis Syracusas esse velint?
id. 25, 28, 8:si alter ex heredibus voluerit rem a legatario possideri, alter non, ei qui noluit interdictum competet,
Dig. 43, 3, 1, § 15.—So negatively = not to let, not to suffer:cum P. Attio agebant ne sua pertinacia omnium fortunas perturbari vellet,
Caes. B. C. 2, 36.—To be of opinion that something should be, to require, demand:8.voluisti enim in suo genere unumquemque... esse Roscium,
Cic. Or. 1, 61, 258: eos exercitus quos contra se multos jam annos aluerint velle dimitti, he demanded the disbanding of, etc., Caes. B. C. 1, 85:(Cicero) vult esse auctoritatem in verbis,
Quint. 8, 3, 43:vult esse Celsus aliquam et superiorem compositionem,
id. 9, 4, 137:si tantum irasci vis sapientem quantum scelerum indignitas exigit,
Sen. Ira, 2, 9, 4. —To be of opinion that something is or was, = censere, dicere, but implying that the opinion is erroneous or doubtful, usu. in the third pers., sometimes in the second.(α).To imagine, consider:(β).est genus hominum qui esse se primos omnium rerum volunt, Nec sunt,
Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 17:semper auget adsentator id quod is cujus ad voluntatem dicitur vult esse magnum,
Cic. Lael. 26, 98:si quis patricius, si quis—quod illi volunt invidiosius esse—Claudius diceret,
Liv. 6, 40, 13.—To be of opinion, to hold:(γ).vultis, opinor, nihil esse... in natura praeter ignem,
Cic. N. D. 3, 14, 36:volunt illi omnes... eadem condicione nasci,
id. Div. 2, 44, 93:vultis evenire omnia fato,
id. ib. 2, 9, 24:alteri censent, etc., alteri volunt a rebus fatum omne relegari,
id. Fat. 19, 45:vultis a dis immortalibus hominibus dispertiri somnia,
id. N. D. 3, 39, 93; id. Tusc. 1, 10, 20; id. Fin. 3, 11, 36; id. Rep. 2, 26, 48:volunt quidam... iram in pectore moveri effervescente circa cor sanguine,
Sen. Ira, 2, 19, 3.—To say, assert:(δ).si tam familiaris erat Clodiae quam tu esse vis,
as you say he is, Cic. Cael. 21, 53:sit sane tanta quanta tu illam esse vis,
id. Or. 1, 55, 23:ad pastum et ad procreandi voluptatem hoc divinum animal procreatum esse voluerunt: quo nihil mihi videtur esse absurdius,
id. Fin. 2, 13, 40; 2, 17, 55; 2, 42, 131; 2, 46, 142; id. Fat. 18, 41.—With perf. inf.:Rhodi ego non fui: me vult fuisse,
Cic. Planc. 34, 84.—To pretend, with perf. inf., both subjects denoting the same person:(ε).unde homines dum se falso terrore coacti Effugisse volunt, etc.,
Lucr. 3, 69 (cf. A. 1. n. supra).—To mean, with perf. inf.:(ζ).utrum scientem vultis contra foedera fecisse, an inscientem?
Cic. Balb. 5, 13.— With pres. inf.:quam primum istud, quod esse vis?
what do you mean by as soon as possible? Sen. Ep. 117, 24.—Rarely in the first pers., implying that the opinion is open to discussion:9.ut et mihi, quae ego vellem non esse oratoris, concederes,
what according to my opinion is not the orator's province, Cic. Or. 1, 17, 74.—In partic.a.With things as subjects.(α).Things personified:(β).ne res publica quidem haec pro se suscipi volet,
would have such things done for it, Cic. Off. 1, 45, 159:cui tacere grave sit, quod homini facillimum voluerit esse natura,
which nature willed should be easiest for man, Curt. 4, 6, 6: fortuna Q. Metellum... nasci in urbe terrarum principe voluit, fate ordained that, etc., Val. Max. 7, 1, 1: nihil rerum ipsa natura voluit magnum effici cito, it is the law of nature that, etc., Quint. 10, 3, 4:quid non ingenio voluit natura licere?
what license did nature refuse to genius? Mart. 8, 68, 9:me sine, quem semper voluit fortuna jacere,
Prop. 1, 6, 25:hanc me militiam fata subire volunt,
id. 1, 6, 30.—Of laws, to provide:b.duodecim tabulae nocturnum furem... interfici impune voluerunt,
Cic. Mil. 3, 9:lex duodecim tabularum tignum aedibus junctum... solvi prohibuit, pretiumque ejus dari voluit,
Dig. 46, 3, 98, § 8 fin. (cf. Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21, b. a, infra).—With perf. pass. inf., to represent a state or result wished for.(α).The inf. being in full, with esse expressed: si umquam quemquam di immortales voluere esse auxilio adjutum, tum me et Calidorum servatum volunt, if it ever was the will of the gods that any one should be assisted, etc., Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 1: Corinthum patres vestri, totius Graeciae lumen, exstinctum esse voluerunt, it was their will that Corinth should be ( and remain) destroyed, Cic. Imp. Pomp. 5, 11:(β).nostri... leges et jura tecta esse voluerunt,
id. Or. 1, 59, 253:propter eam partem epistulae tuae per quam te et mores tuos purgatos et probatos esse voluisti,
id. Att. 1, 17, 7; id. Fin. 4, 27, 76; id. de Or. 1, 51, 221:daturum se operam ne cujus suorum popularium mutatam secum fortunam esse vellent,
Liv. 21, 45, 6: for velle redundant in this construction, v. II. A. 2. 3. infra.—With pass. inf. impers.:sociis maxime lex consultum esse vult,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21.—With ellips. of esse (cf. Quint. 9, 3, 9): perdis me tuis dictis. Cu. Imo, servo et servatum volo, and mean that you should remain saved, Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 56:c.aunt qui volum te conventam,
who want to see you, id. Cist. 4, 2, 39:eidem homini, si quid recte cura tum velis, mandes,
if you want to have anything done well, id. As. 1, 1, 106:sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,
id. Capt. prol. 53: id nunc res indicium haeo [p. 2007] facit, quo pacto factum volueris, this shows now why you wished this to be done, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 31 (cf. Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33; id. Aul. 3, 5, 30, II. B. 1, b, and II. B. 3. b. infra): domestica cura te levatum volo, I wish to see you relieved, etc., Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 9, 3:nulla sedes quo concurrant qui rem publicam defensam velint,
id. Att. 8, 3, 4:rex celatum voluerat (i. e. donum),
id. Verr. 2, 4, 28, § 64:Hannibal non Capuam neglectam, neque desertos volebat socios,
Liv. 25, 20, 5; 2, 15, 2; 2, 44, 3; 3, 21, 4; 22, 7, 4;26, 31, 6: contemptum hominis quem destructum volebat,
Quint. 8, 3, 21:si te non emptam vellet, emendus erat,
Ov. Am. 1, 8, 34 (so with velle redundant, v. II. A. 1. d., and II. A. 3. infra).—Both subjects denoting the same person:velle Pompeium se Caesari purgatum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 8.— Esp., with pass. inf. impers.: alicui consultum velle, to take care for or advocate somebody's interests:liberis consultum volumus propter ipsos,
Cic. Fin. 3, 17, 57:obliviscere illum aliquando adversario tuo voluisse consultum,
id. Att. 16, 16 C, 10:quibus tribuni plebis nunc consultum repente volunt,
Liv. 5, 5, 3; so id. 25, 25, 17:quamquam senatus subventum voluit heredibus,
Dig. 36, 1, 1, § 4; so with dep. part., used passively:volo amori ejus obsecutum,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 63.—With predic. adj., without copula.(α).The subjects being different (mostly aliquem salvum velle):(β).si me vivum vis, pater, Ignosce,
if you wish me to live, Ter. Heaut. 5, 5, 7:ille, si me alienus adfinem volet, Tacebit,
id. Phorm. 4, 1, 16:ut tu illam salvam magis velis quam ego,
id. Hec. 2, 2, 17; 3, 5, 14:quoniam ex tota provincia soli sunt qui te salvum velint,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 67, § 150:irent secum extemplo qui rempublicam salvam vellent,
Liv. 22, 53, 7.—Both subjects denoting the same person (virtually = object infinitive):d.in occulto jacebis quom te maxime clarum voles (= clarus esse voles),
when you will most wish to be famous, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 38:volo me patris mei similem,
I wish to be like my father, id. As. 1, 1, 54: ut iste qui se vult dicacem et mehercule est, Appius, who means to be witty, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 60, 246:qui vero se populares volunt,
who mean to be popular, id. Off. 2, 22, 78:ut integrum se salvumque velit,
id. Fin. 2, 11, 33:ut (omne animal) se et salvum in suo genere incolumeque vellet,
id. ib. 4, 8, 19. —With an inf.-clause understood.(α).Velle, to wish: utinam hinc abierit in malam crucem! Ad. Ita nos velle aequom est (ita = eum abire, etc.), Plaut. Poen. 4, 1, 5:(β).stulta es, soror, magis quam volo (i.e. te esse),
id. Pers. 4, 4, 78; id. Trin. 1, 2, 8; 2, 4, 175; id. Stich. 1, 1, 13; id. Ps. 1, 5, 55:senatum non quod sentiret, sed quod ego vellem decernere,
Cic. Mil. 5, 12:neque enim facile est ut irascatur cui tu velis judex (= cui tu eum irasci velis),
id. Or. 2, 45, 190; cf. id. Sest. 38, 82.—Referring to the will of superiors, etc.:(γ).deos credo voluisse, nam ni vellent, non fieret,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 46: jamne abeo? St. Volo (sc. te abire), so I will, id. Cas. 2, 8, 57; cf. id. Mil. 4, 6, 12; id. Merc. 2, 3, 33.—To mean, intend (v. B. 3.):(δ).acutum etiam illud est cum ex alterius oratione aliud atque ille vult (sc. te excipere),
Cic. Or. 2, 67, 273.—To require, demand (v B. 7.):(ε).veremur quidem vos, Romani, et, si ita vultis, etiam timemus,
Liv. 39, 37, 17;and of things as subjects: cadentque vocabula, si volet usus (i. e. ea cadere),
Hor. A. P. 71.—To be of opinion, will have (v. B. 8.):(ζ).ergo ego, inimicus, si ita vultis, homini, amicus esse rei publicae debeo,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 8, 19:nam illi regi tolerabili, aut, si voltis, etiam amabili, Cyro,
id. Rep. 1, 28, 44; id. Fin. 2, 27, 89; 3, 4, 12; id. Cael. 21, 53; Liv. 21, 10, 7; Quint. 2, 17, 41.—With ellips. of predic. inf. (v. A. 2. b.): cras de reliquiis nos volo (i. e. cenare), it is my intention that we dine, etc., Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 40:C.volo Varronem (i. e. hos libros habere),
Cic. Att. 13, 25, 3.With ut, ne, or ut ne.1.With ut.a.To wish:b.volo ut quod jubebo facias,
Plaut. Bacch. 4, 8, 65:quia enim id maxime volo ut illi istac confugiant,
id. Most. 5, 1, 49:ut mihi aedes aliquas conducat volo,
id. Merc. 3, 2, 17: hoc prius volo meam rem agere. Th. Quid id est? Ph. Ut mihi hanc despondeas, id. Curc. 5, 2, 71: quid vis, nisi ut maneat Phanium? Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 8:velim ut tibi amicus sit,
Cic. Att. 10, 16, 1:quare id quoque velim... ut sit qui utamur,
id. ib. 11, 11, 2:maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla... modestiae fructum aliquem percipere potuisset,
id. Sull. 1, 1:equidem vellem uti pedes haberent (res tuae),
id. Fam. 7, 33, 2:his ut sit digna puella volo,
Mart. 11, 27, 14.—Both subjects denoting the same person: volueram, inquit, ut quam plurimum tecum essem, Brut. ap. Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1.—It is the will of, to want, ordain (v. B. 2.):c.at ego deos credo voluisse ut apud te me in nervo enicem,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 17: numquid me vis? Le. Ut valeas, id. Cist. 1, 1, 120: numquid vis? Ps. Dormitum ut abeas, id. Ps. 2, 2, 70:volo ut mihi respondeas,
Cic. Vatin. 6, 14; 7, 17; 7, 18; 9, 21;12, 29: nuntia Romanis, caelestes ita velle ut mea Roma caput orbis terrarum sit,
Liv. 1, 16, 7.—To intend, it is the purpose, aim, etc., the two subjects being the same:d.id quaerunt, volunt haec ut infecta faciant,
Plaut. Cas. 4, 4, 9.—With other verbs:2.quod peto et volo parentes meos ut commonstres mihi,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 4:quasi vero aut populus Romanus hoc voluerit, aut senatus tibi hoc mandaverit ut... privares,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 19, § 48;with opto,
id. Imp. Pomp. 16, 48;with laboro,
Liv. 42, 14, 3;with aequum censere,
id. 39, 19, 7.—With ne:3.at ne videas velim,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23:quid nunc vis? ut opperiare hos sex dies saltem modo, ne illam vendas, neu me perdas, etc.,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 102:credibile est hoc voluisse legumlatorem, ne auxilia liberorum innocentibus deessent,
intended, Quint. 7, 1, 56.—With ut ne: quid nunc tibi vis? Mi. Ut quae te cupit, eam ne spernas, Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60.D.With subjunct. of dependent verb (mostly ante-class.; class. and freq. with velim and vellem; but in Cic. mostly epistolary and colloquial).1.To wish:2.ergo animum advortas volo,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 23; 2, 3, 28; 2, 3, 70:volo amet me patrem,
id. As. 1, 1, 63 dub.:hoc volo agatis,
id. Cist. 1, 1, 83:ducas volo hodie uxorem,
Ter. And. 2, 3, 14:quid vis faciam?
Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 49; Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 24; Plaut. Mil. 2, 3, 64; 2, 3, 65; 2, 6, 65; 3, 3, 3; id. Ps. 4, 1, 17; 4, 7, 19; id. Cas. 2, 3, 56; id. Capt. 1, 2, 12; id. Poen. 3, 2, 16; id. Pers. 2, 4, 23; id. Rud. 5, 2, 45; 5, 3, 58; id. Stich. 5, 2, 21; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 14:volo etiam exquiras quam diligentissime poteris quid Lentulus agat?
Cic. Att. 8, 12, 6:Othonem vincas volo,
id. ib. 13, 29, 2:eas litteras volo habeas,
id. ib. 13, 32, 3:visne igitur videamus quidnam sit, etc.,
id. Rep. 1, 10, 15: visne igitur descendatur ad Lirim? id. Fragm. ap. Macr. S. 6, 4:volo, inquis, sciat,
Sen. Ben. 2, 10, 2.—To be of opinion that something should be, demand, require (v. B. 7.): volo enim se efferat in adulescentia fecunditas, I like to see, etc., Cic. Or. 2, 21, 88:3.volo hoc oratori contingat ut, etc.,
id. Brut. 84, 290.—With subj.-clause understood:E.abi atque obsona, propera! sed lepide volo (i. e. obsones),
Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 55.With object nouns, etc.1.With acc. of a thing.a.With a noun, to want, wish for, like to have:b.voltisne olivas, aut pulmentum, aut capparim?
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 90:animo male est: aquam velim,
id. Am. 5, 1, 6:quia videt me suam amicitiam velle,
id. Aul. 2, 3, 68; so,gratiam tuam,
id. Curc. 2, 3, 52; 2, 3, 56:aquam,
id. ib. 2, 3, 34:discidium,
Ter. And. 4, 2, 14: nullam ego rem umquam in vita mea Volui quin tu in ea re mihi advorsatrix fueris, I never had any wish in my life, etc., id. Heaut. 5, 3, 5: (dixit) velle Hispaniam, he wanted Spain, i. e. as a province, Cic. Att. 12, 7, 1:mihi frumento non opus est: nummos volo,
I want the money, id. Verr. 2, 3, 85, § 196:non poterat scilicet negare se velle pacem,
id. Att. 15, 1 a, 3; cf. id. ib. 13, 32, 2 (v. II. C. 4. infra):si amplius obsidum (= plures obsides) vellet, dare pollicentur,
Caes. B. G. 6, 9 fin.:pacem etiam qui vincere possunt, volunt,
Liv. 7, 40, 18:ferunt (eum)... honestum finem voluisse,
Tac. A. 6, 26:cum Scipio veram vellet et sine exceptione victoriam,
Flor. 1, 33 (2, 18), 12:mensae munera si voles secundae, Marcentes tibi porrigentur uvae,
Mart. 5, 78, 11.—Neutr. adjj., denoting things, substantively used: utrum vis opta, dum licet. La. Neutrum volo, Plaut. Ps. 3, 6, 16:c.quorum isti neutrum volunt,
acknowledge neither, Cic. Fat. 12, 28:voluimus quaedam, contendimus... Obtenta non sunt,
we aspired to certain things, id. Balb. 27, 61:restat ut omnes unum velint,
hold one opinion, id. Marcell. 10, 32:si plura velim,
if I wished for more, Hor. C. 3, 16, 38:per quod probemus aliud legislatorem voluisse,
that the law-giver intended something different, Quint. 7, 6, 8:ut putent, aliud quosdam dicere, aliud velle,
that they say one thing and mean another, id. 9, 2, 85:utrum is qui scripsit... voluerit,
which of the two was meant by the author, id. 7, 9, 15:ut nemo contra id quod vult dicit, ita potest melius aliquid velle quam dicit,
mean better than he speaks, id. 9, 2, 89:quis enim pudor omnia velle?
to desire every thing, Mart. 12, 94, 11.—With neutr. demonstr. expressed or understood, to want, intend, aim at, like, will:d.immo faenus: id primum volo,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 64:proximum quod sit bono... id volo,
id. Capt. 2, 2, 22:nisi ea quae tu vis volo,
unless my purpose is the same as yours, id. Ep. 2, 2, 82:siquidem id sapere'st, velle te id quod non potest contingere,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 83:hoc (i. e. otium cum dignitate) qui volunt omnes optimates putantur,
who aim at this, Cic. Sest. 45, 98:privatum oportet in re publica ea velle quae tranquilla et honesta sint,
id. Off. 1, 34, 124:quid est sapientia? Semper idem velle atque idem nolle,
Sen. Ep. 20, 5:pudebit eadem velle quae volueras puer,
id. ib. 27, 2:nec volo quod cruciat, nec volo quod satiat,
Mart. 1, 57, 4.—With demonstr. in place of inf.-clause:hoc Ithacus velit, et magno mercentur Atridae (sc. poenas in me sumi),
Verg. A. 2, 104:hoc velit Eurystheus, velit hoc germana Tonantis (sc. verum esse, Herculem, etc.),
Ov. H. 9, 7; Hor. S. 2, 3, 88.—With neutr. of interrog. pron.: quid nunc vis? Am. Sceleste, at etiam quid velim, id tu me rogas? what do you want now? Plaut. Am. 4, 2, 5:e.eloquere quid velis,
id. Cas. 2, 4, 2: heus tu! Si. Quid vis? id. Ps. 4, 7, 21; so Ter. Eun. 2, 1, 11; cf. Hor. S. 2, 3, 152:sed plane quid velit nescio,
what his intentions are, Cic. Att. 15, 1 a, 5; id. de Or. 2, 20, 84:mittunt etiam ad dominos qui quaerant quid velint,
to ask for their orders, id. Tusc. 2, 17, 41:quid? Si haec... ipsius amici judicarunt? Quid amplius vultis?
what more do you require, will you have? id. Verr. 2, 3, 65, § 152:quid amplius vis?
Hor. Epod. 17, 30:spectatur quid voluerit scriptor,
we find out the author's intention, Quint. 7, 10, 1.—Sometimes quid vult = quid sibi vult (v. 4. b.), to mean, signify:capram illam suspicor jam invenisse... quid voluerit,
what it signified, Plaut. Merc. 2, 1, 30:sed tamen intellego quid velit,
Cic. Fin. 2, 31, 101:quid autem volunt ea di immortales significantes quae sine interpretibus non possimus intellegere? etc.,
id. Div. 2, 25, 54.—Of things as subjects:hunc ensem mittit tibi... Et jubet ex merito scire quid iste velit,
Ov. H. 11, 96.—With rel. pron.:f.quod volui, ut volui, impetravi... a Philocomasio,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 5, 1:ut quod frons velit oculi sciant,
that the eyes know what the forehead wants, id. Aul. 4, 1, 13:illi quae volo concedere,
to yield to him my wishes, id. Cas. 2, 3, 49:si illud quod volumus dicitur,
what we like, id. Truc. 1, 2, 95:multa eveniunt homini quae volt, quae nevolt,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 84; id. Ep. 2, 2, 4:quamquam (litterae tuae) semper aliquid adferunt quod velim,
Cic. Att. 11, 11, 1:quae vellem quaeque sentirem dicendi,
id. Marcell. 1, 1:uti ea quae vellent impetrarent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 31:satis animi ad id quod tam diu vellent,
to carry out what they had desired so long, Liv. 4, 54, 5:sed quod volebant non... expediebant,
their purpose, id. 24, 23, 9. —Idiomatically: quod volo = quod demonstrare volo, what I intend to prove:illud quod volumus expressum est, ut vaticinari furor vera soleat,
Cic. Div. 1, 31, 67:bis sumpsit quod voluit,
he has twice begged the question, id. ib. 2, 52, 107.—With indef. relations:cornucopia ubi inest quidquid volo,
whatever I wish for, Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 5:Caesar de Bruto solitus est dicere: magni refert hic quid velit, sed quidquid volt, valde volt,
whatever he wills he wills strongly, Cic. Att. 14, 1, 2.—With indef. pronn.(α).Si quid vis, if you want any thing: illo praesente mecum agito si quid voles, [p. 2008] Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 72: Py. Adeat si quid volt. Pa. Si quid vis, adi, mulier, id. Mil. 4, 2, 47:(β).eumque Alexander cum rogaret, si quid vellet, ut diceret,
id. Or. 2, 66, 266; Caes. B. G. 1, 7 fin. —Nisi quid vis, unless you wish to give some order, to make some remark, etc.:(γ).ego eo ad forum nisi quid vis,
Plaut. As. 1, 1, 94:nunc de ratione videamus, nisi quid vis ad haec,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42.—Numquid vis or ecquid vis? have you any orders to give? a formula used by inferiors before leaving their superiors; cf. Don. ad Ter. Ad. 2, 2, 39:2.visunt, quid agam, ecquid velim,
Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 113:numquid vis aliud?
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 111; 1, 2, 106; id. Ad. 2, 2, 39; 3, 3, 78; id. Hec. 2, 2, 30:numquid vellem rogavit,
Cic. Att. 6, 3, 6:frequentia rogantium num quid vellet,
Liv. 6, 34, 7:rogavit num quid in Sardiniam vellet. Te puto saepe habere qui num quid Romam velis quaerant,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1.—With acc. of the person: aliquem velle.(α).To want somebody, i. e. in order to see him, to speak with him (ante-class. and colloq.):(β).Demenaetum volebam,
I wanted, wished to see, Demenoetus, Plaut. As. 2, 3, 12:bona femina et malus masculus volunt te,
id. Cist. 4, 2, 40:solus te solum volo,
id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:quia non est intus quem ego volo,
id. Mil. 4, 6, 40:hae oves volunt vos,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 24:quis me volt? Perii, pater est,
Ter. And. 5, 3, 1:centuriones trium cohortium me velle postridie,
Cic. Att. 10, 16, 4.—With paucis verbis or paucis, for a few words ( moments):volo te verbis pauculis,
Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 28:sed paucis verbis te volo, Palaestrio,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 22:Sosia, Adesdum, paucis te volo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 2.—To love, like somebody, to be fond of somebody (anteclass. and poet.):(γ).hanc volo (= amo),
Plaut. As. 5, 1, 18:sine me amare unum Argyrippum... quem volo,
id. ib. 3, 2, 38:quom quae te volt, eamdem tu vis,
id. Mil. 4, 2, 80:aut quae (vitia) corpori' sunt ejus siquam petis ac vis,
Lucr. 4, 1152:quam volui nota fit arte mea,
Ov. Am. 1, 10, 60: nolo virum, facili redimit qui sanguine famam: hunc volo, laudari qui sine morte potest, I like the one who, etc., Mart. 1, 8, 6.—To wish to have:3.roga, velitne an non uxorem,
whether he wishes to have his wife or not, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 43:ut sapiens velit gerere rem publicam, atque... uxorem adjungere, et velle ex ea liberos (anacoluth.),
Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 68.—With two accusatives: (narrato) illam te amare et velle uxorem,
that you wish to have her as your wife, Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 25; cf. id. Phorm. 1, 2, 65.—With two accusatives, of the person and the thing: aliquem aliquid velle, to want something of somebody (cf.: aliquem aliquid rogare; mostly ante-class.;4.not in Cic.): numquid me vis?
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 120:face certiorem me quid meus vir me velit,
id. Cas. 2, 6, 1:num quidpiam me vis aliud?
id. Truc. 2, 4, 81:nunc verba in pauca conferam quid te velim,
id. As. 1, 1, 74:narrabit ultro quid sese velis,
id. Ps. 2, 4, 60:quid me voluisti?
id. Mil. 4, 2, 35:numquid aliud me vis?
Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 101:quin tu uno verbo dic quid est quod me velis,
id. And. 1, 1, 18; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 85; id. Cist. 2, 3, 49; id. As. 2, 3, 12; id. Merc. 5, 2, 27; id. Pers. 4, 6, 11; Ter. Heaut. 4, 8, 31; id. Phorm. 2, 4, 18; id. Eun. 2, 3, 47; id. Hec. 3, 4, 15:si quid ille se velit, illum ad se venire oportere,
Caes. B. G. 1, 34:cum mirabundus quidnam (Taurea) sese vellet, resedisset Flaccus, Me quoque, inquit, etc.,
Liv. 26, 15, 11; also, I want to speak with somebody (v. 2. a. a):paucis, Euclio, est quod te volo,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 2, 22:est quod te volo secreto,
id. Bacch. 5, 2, 33.—With acc. of thing and dat. of the person: aliquid alicui velle, to wish something to somebody (= cupio aliquid alicui; v. cupio;a.rare): quamquam vobis volo quae voltis, mulieres,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 1:si ex me illa liberos vellet sibi,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 33:praesidium velle se senectuti suae,
id. ib. 1, 2, 44:nihil est mali quod illa non initio filio voluerit, optaverit,
Cic. Clu. 66, 188:rem Romanam huc provectam ut externis quoque gentibus quietem velit,
Tac. A. 12, 11:cui ego omnia meritissimo volo et debeo,
to whom I give and owe my best wishes, Quint. 9, 2, 35.—Esp., in the phrase quid vis (vult) with reflex. dat. of interest, lit. what do you want for yourself?Quid tibi vis = quid vis, the dat. being redundant (rare):b.quid aliud tibi vis?
what else do you want? Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 90.—With quisque:haud ita vitam agerent ut nunc plerumque videmus Quid sibi quisque velit nescire,
be ignorant as to their own aims and purposes, Lucr. 3, 1058.—What do you mean? what do you drive at? what is your scope, object, drift (rare in post-Aug. writers; Don. ad Ter. Eun. prol. 45, declares it an archaism).(α).In 1 st pers. (rare):(β).nunc quid processerim huc, et quid mihi voluerim dicam,
and what I meant thereby, what was the purpose of my coming, Plaut. As. prol. 6:quid mihi volui? quid mihi nunc prodest bona voluntas?
Sen. Ben. 4, 21, 6.—In 2 d pers.:(γ).quid nunc tibi vis, mulier, memora,
what is the drift of your talk? Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 60: sed quid nunc tibi vis? what do you want to come at (i.e. by your preamble)? id. Poen. 1, 1, 24: quid tu tibi vis? Ego non tangam meam? what do you mean? i. e. what is your purpose? Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28:quid tibi vis? quid cum illa rei tibi est?
id. ib. 4, 7, 34:quid est quod sic gestis? quid sibi hic vestitus quaerit? Quid est quod laetus sis? quid tibi vis?
what do you mean by all this? id. ib. 3, 5, 11:quid est, inepta? quid vis tibi? quid rides?
id. ib. 5, 6, 6:quid vis tibi? Quid quaeris?
id. Heaut. 1, 1, 9: Ph. Fabulae! Ch. Quid vis tibi? id. Phorm. 5, 8, 53:roganti ut se in Asiam praefectum duceret, Quid tibi vis, inquit, insane,
Cic. Or. 2, 67, 269; so in 2 d pers. plur.:pro deum fidem, quid vobis vultis?
Liv. 3, 67, 7.—In 3 d pers.:(δ).quid igitur sibi volt pater? cur simulat?
Ter. And. 2, 3, 1:quid hic volt veterator sibi?
id. ib. 2, 6, 26:proinde desinant aliquando me isdem inflare verbis: quid sibi iste vult?... Cur ornat eum a quo desertus est?
Cic. Dom. 11, 29:quid sibi vellet (Caesar)? cur in suas possessiones veniret?
Caes. B. G. 1, 44 med.:conicere in eum oculos, mirantes quid sibi vellet (i. e. by courting the plebeians),
Liv. 3, 35, 5:qui quaererent quid sibi vellent qui armati Aventinum obsedissent,
id. 3, 50, 15:quid sibi voluit providentia quae Aridaeum regno imposuit?
Sen. Ben. 4, 31, 1: volt, non volt dare Galla mihi, nec dicere possum quod volt et non volt, quid sibi Galla velit, Mart: 3, 90, 2.—Transf. of things as subjects, what means, what signifies? quid volt sibi, Syre, haec oratio? Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 2:5.ut pernoscatis quid sibi Eunuchus velit,
id. Eun. prol. 45:quid ergo illae sibi statuae equestres inauratae volunt?
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 61, § 150:quid haec sibi horum civium Romanorum dona voluerunt?
id. ib. 2, 3, 80, §186: avaritia senilis quid sibi velit, non intellego,
what is the meaning of the phrase, id. Sen. 18, 66:quid ergo illa sibi vult pars altera orationis qua Romanos a me cultos ait?
Liv. 40, 12, 14:tacitae quid vult sibi noctis imago?
Ov. M. 9, 473.—Bene or male alicui velle, to wish one well or ill, to like or dislike one (ante-class. and poet.): Ph. Bene volt tibi. St. Nequam est illud verbum bene volt, nisi qui bene facit, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 37 sq.:6.jam diu ego huic bene et hic mihi volumus,
id. Ps. 1, 3, 4:ut tibi, dum vivam, bene velim plus quam mihi,
id. Cas. 2, 8, 30:egone illi ut non bene vellem?
id. Truc. 2, 4, 90; cf. id. ib. 2, 4, 95; id. Merc. 2, 1, 21; id. Ps. 4, 3, 7; id. Poen. 3, 3, 9:nisi quod tibi bene ex animo volo,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 6:quo tibi male volt maleque faciet,
Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 44:atque isti etiam parum male volo,
id. Truc. 5, 7; cf. id. As. 5, 1, 13:utinam sic sient qui mihi male volunt,
Ter. Eun. 4, 3, 13:non sibi male vult,
he does not dislike himself, Petr. 38; so, melius or optime alicui velle, to like one better or best:nec est quisquam mihi aeque melius quoi vellem,
Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 42; id. Merc. 5, 2, 57:illi ego ex omnibus optime volo,
id. Most. 1, 4, 24.—And bene velle = velle: bene volueris in precatione augurali Messalla augur ait, significare volueris, Fest. s. v. bene sponsis, p. 351.—With abl.: alicujus causa velle, to like one for his own sake, i. e. personally, a Ciceronian phrase, probably inst. of omnia alicujus causa velle; lit. to wish every thing (i.e. good) in somebody's behalf.(α).With omnia expressed: etsi mihi videor intellexisse cum tecum de re M. Annaeii locutus sum, te ipsius causa vehementer omnia velle, tamen, etc.... ut non dubitem quin magnus cumulus accedat commenda tionis meae, Cic. Fam. 13, 55, 1:(β).repente coepit dicere, se omnia Verris causa velle,
that he had the most friendly disposition towards Verres, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26, § 64:accedit eo quod Varro magnopere ejus causa vult omnia,
id. Fam. 13, 22, 1.—Without omnia:7.per eos qui nostra causa volunt, valentque apud illum,
Cic. Att. 11, 8, 1:sed et Phameae causa volebam,
id. ib. 13, 49, 1:etsi te ipsius Attici causa velle intellexeram,
id. ib. 16, 16, A, 6:valde enim ejus causa volo,
id. Fam. 16, 17, 2 fin.:illud non perficis quo minus tua causa velim,
id. ib. 3, 7, 6;12, 7, 1: si me velle tua causa putas,
id. ib. 7, 17, 2:regis causa si qui sunt qui velint,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1:credo tua causa velle Lentulum,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 4, 5; id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 21; cf. id. Imp. Pomp. (v. C. 1. b. supra), where the phrase has its literal meaning; cf. also: alicujus causa (omnia) cupere; v. cupio.—With acc. and subjunct. per ecthesin (ante-class.): nunc ego illum meum virum veniat velim (by mixture of constructions: meum virum velim; and:F.meus vir veniat velim),
Plaut. Cas. 3, 2, 29:nunc ego Simonidem mi obviam veniat velim,
id. Ps. 4, 5, 10:nimis hercle ego illum corvum ad me veniat velim,
id. Aul. 4, 6, 4:saltem aliquem velim qui mihi ex his locis viam monstret,
id. Rud. 1, 3, 35:patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi,
id. Poen. 5, 2, 106; cf. id. Merc. 2, 1, 30 (v. E. 1. d. supra).Velle used absolutely, variously rendered to will, have a will, wish, consent, assent:II.quod vos, malum... me sic ludificamini? Nolo volo, volo nolo rursum,
I nill I will, I will I nill again, Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 57: novi ingenium mulierum: Nolunt ubi velis, ubi nolis cupiunt ultro, they will not where you will, etc., id. Eun. 4, 7, 43:quis est cui velle non liceat?
who is not free to wish? Cic. Att. 7, 11. 2:in magnis et voluisse sat est,
Prop. 2, 10 (3, 1), 6:tarde velle nolentis est,
slow ness in consenting betrays the desire to refuse, Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 4:quae (animalia) nullam injuriam nobis faciunt, quia velle non possunt, id. Ira, 2, 26, 4: ejus est nolle qui potest velle,
the power to assent implies the power to dissent, Dig. 50, 17, 3.—So velle substantively:sed ego hoc ipsum velle miserius duco quam in crucem tolli,
that very wishing, Cic. Att. 7, 11, 2: inest enim velle in carendo, the word carere implies the notion of a wish, id. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:velle ac posse in aequo positum erat,
his will and power were balanced, Val. Max. 6, 9, ext. 5:velle tuum nolo, Didyme, nolle volo,
Mart. 5, 83, 2:velle suum cuique est,
each has his own likings, Pers. 5, 53.In partic.A.Redundant, when the will to do is identified with the act itself.1.In imperative sentences.a.In independent sentences introduced by noli velle, where noli has lost the idea of volition:b.nolite, judices, hunc velle maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam suo fato,
do not resolve, Cic. Cael. 32, 79:nolite igitur id velle quod fieri non potest,
id. Phil. 7, 8, 25: qui timor bonis omnibus injectus sit... nolite a me commoneri velle, do not wish, expect, to be reminded by me, etc., id. Mur. 25, 50: nolite hunc illi acerbum nuntium velle perferri, let it not be your decision that, etc., id. Balb. 28, 64: cujus auspicia pro vobis experti nolite adversus vos velle experiri, do not desire, etc., Liv. 7, 40, 16:noli adversum eos me velle ducere, etc.,
Nep. Att. 4, 2.—Ne velis or ne velit fecisse = ne feceris, or ne facito (v. I. A. 3. a. supra).—So ne velis with pres. inf.:c.neve, revertendi liber, abesse velis (= neve abfueris),
Ov. H. 1, 80.—In affirmative imperative sentences (velim esse = esto;d.rare): tu tantum fida sorori Esse velis (= fida esto or sis),
Ov. M. 2, 745; and in 3 d pers.:di procul a cunctis... Hujus notitiam gentis habere velint (= habeant),
id. P. 1, 7, 8:credere modo qui discet velit (= credat qui discet),
Quint. 8, prooem. 12. —In clauses dependent on verbs of commanding and wishing:2.aut quia significant divam praedicere ut armis Ac virtute velint patriam defendere terram (= ut defendant),
Lucr. 2, 641: precor quaesoque ne ante oculos patris facere et pati omnia infanda velis (= facias et patiaris). Liv. 23, 9, 2:monentes ne experiri vellet imperium cujus vis, etc.,
id. 2, 59, 4; 39, 13, 2:et mea... opto Vulnera qui fecit facta levare velit,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 18: nos contra (oravimus) [p. 2009]... ne vertere secum Cuncta pater fatoque urguenti incumbere vellet, Verg. A. 2, 653. —With pass. perf. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b):legati Sullam orant ut filii innocentis fortunas conservatas velit (virtually = fortunas conservet),
Cic. Rosc. Am. 9, 25:a te peto ut utilitatem sociorum per te quam maxime defensam et auctam velis (= defendas et augeas),
id. Fam. 13, 9, 3.—So after utinam or ut:utinam illi qui prius eum viderint me apud eum velint adjutum tantum quantum ego vellem si quid possem (= utinam illi me adjuvent quantum ego adjuvarem, etc.),
id. Att. 11, 7, 7:cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti (= utinam te credidisses),
Verg. A. 11, 153:edictum praemittit ad quam diem magistratus... sibi esse praesto Cordubae vellet (= sibi praesto essent),
Caes. B. C. 1, 19 (cf. also I. B. 9. b. b, and I. B. 2. fin. supra).—In conditional clauses, si facere velim = si faciam, often rendered by the potential or future auxiliaries would or will:3.non tu scis, Bacchae bacchanti si velis advorsarier, ex insana insaniorem facies? (= si advorseris),
Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 80:si meum Imperium exsequi voluisset, interemptam oportuit (= si executus esset),
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 22:si id confiteri velim, tamen istum condemnetis necesse est (= si id confitear),
if I would acknowledge, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 18, § 45:si quis velit ita dicere... nihil dicat (= si quis dicat),
id. Fat. 14, 32:dies deficiat si velim numerare, etc.,
id. N. D. 3, 32, 81;so,
id. Tusc. 5, 35, 102; id. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52:qua in sententia si constare voluissent, suam auctoritatem... recuperassent,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 14; id. Verr. 2, 1, 11, § 31; id. Lael. 20, 75:conicere potestis, si recordari volueritis quanta, etc.,
if you will remember, id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129; so id. Or. 1, 44, 197; id. Brut. 1, 2, 5:quod si audire voletis externa, maximas res publicas ab adulescentibus labefactatas reperietis,
id. Sen. 6, 20; so id. Or. 1, 60, 256; 2, 23, 95:ejus me compotem voti vos facere potestis, si meminisse vultis, non vos in Samnio, etc.,
Liv. 7, 40, 5; 23, 13, 6; 23, 15, 4: cum olera Diogeni lavanti Aristippus dixisset: si Dionysium adulare velles, ista non esses;Imo, inquit, si tu ista esse velles, non adulares Dionysium,
Val. Max. 4, 3, ext. 4:ut si his (legibus) perpetuo uti voluissent, sempiternum habituri fuerint imperium,
id. 5, 3, ext. 3:quid enim si mirari velit, non in silvestribus dumis poma pendere,
Sen. Ira, 2, 10, 6; cf. Curt. 5, 1, 1; 3, 5, 6; Ov. H. 17 (18), 43.—With perf. inf. pass.:nisi ea (opera) certi auctores monumentis suis testata esse voluissent,
Val. Max. 3, 2, 24.—In declarative sentences.a.Volo in 1 st pers. with perf. pass. inf. or part. (volo oratum esse or oratum = oro; v. I. B. 9. b. a and b):b.vos omnes opere magno esse oratos volo benigne ut operam detis, etc.,
Plaut. Cas. prol. 21:justam rem et facilem esse oratam a vobis volo,
id. Am. prol. 33:illud tamen te esse admonitum volo, etc.,
Cic. Cael. 3, 8:sed etiam est paucis vos quod monitos voluerim,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 53:illud te, Tulli, monitum velim etc.,
Liv. 1, 23, 8:quamobrem omnes eos oratos volo Ne, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. prol. 26; so, factum volo = faciam: serva tibi sodalem, et mihi filium. Mne. Factum volo, I will, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 91: pariter nunc opera me adjuves ac, etc. Nau. Factum volo, Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 4; so Plaut. Pers. 2, 5, 10.—In 3 d pers.:esse salutatum vult te mea littera primum,
Ov. P. 2, 7, 1.—With pres. inf.:c.propterea te vocari ad cenam volo (= voco te),
Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 72:sed nunc rogare hoc ego vicissim te volo: quid fuit, etc. (= nunc te rogo),
id. Trin. 1, 2, 136.—With perf. act. inf.:d.pace tua dixisse velim (= pace tua dixerim),
Ov. P. 3, 1, 9.—In other connections, when the will or purpose is made more prominent than the action:B.eorum alter, qui Antiochus vocatur, iter per Siciliam facere voluit (= fecit),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 61:si suscipere eam (religionem) nolletis, tamen in eo qui violasset sancire vos velle oporteret (= sancire vos oporteret),
id. ib. 2, 4, 51, §114: ut insequentibus diebus nemo eorum forum aut publicum adspicere vellet (= adspiceret),
Liv. 9, 7, 11:talentis mille percussorem in me emere voluisti (= emisti),
Curt. 3, 5, 6: quin etiam senatus gratias ei agentem quod redire voluisset ante portas eduxit (= quod redisset), Val. Max. 3, 4, 4:utri prius gratulemur, qui hoc dicere voluit, an cui audire contigit? (= qui hoc dixit),
id. 4, 7, ext. 2:sic tua non paucae carpere facta volent (= carpent),
Ov. P. 3, 1, 64.Velim, as potential subjunctive (mostly in 1 st pers. sing., as subjunctive of modest statement), = volo, I wish, I should like.1.With verb in the second person.a.With pres. subj., so most frequently in Cic.(α).As a modest imperative of the dependent verb: velim facias = fac, I wish you would do it, please do it:(β).ego quae in rem tuam sint, ea velim facias,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 4, 9:eas (litteras) in eundem fasciculum velim addas,
Cic. Att. 12, 53:eum salvere jubeas velim,
id. ib. 7, 7, 7:velim me facias certiorem, etc.,
id. ib. 1, 19, 9:tu velim saepe ad nos scribas,
id. ib. 1, 12, 4:velim mihi ignoscas,
id. Fam. 13, 75, 1:tu velim animum a me parumper avertas,
id. Lael. 1, 5; cf. id. Att. 1, 11, 3; 7, 3, 11; 8, 12, 5; id. Fam. 15, 3, 2 et saep.:haec pro causa mea dicta accipiatis velim,
Liv. 42, 34, 13: velim, inquit, hoc mihi probes, Aug. ap. Suet. Aug. 51:Musa velim memores, etc.,
Hor. S. 1, 5, 53.—Expressing a wish without a command (v. vellem):b.vera dicas velim,
I wish you told the truth, Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 18:quam velim Bruto persuadeas ut Asturae sit,
Cic. Att. 14, 15, 4:ipse velim poenas experiare meas,
Ov. Tr. 3, 11, 74;so in asseverations: ita velim me promerentem ames, dum vivas, mi pater, ut... id mihi vehementer dolet,
Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 47.—With infinitive clause.(α).With the force of a modest imperative:(β).sed qui istuc credam ita esse, mihi dici velim (i. e. a te),
Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 15:extremum illud est quod mihi abs te responderi velim,
Cic. Vat. 17, 41 (may be a dependent subjunctive):itaque vos ego, milites, non eo solum animo.... pugnare velim, etc.,
Liv. 21, 41, 10.—As a mere wish:c.velim te arbitrari, frater, etc.,
Plaut. Aul. 2, 1, 1:primum te arbitrari id quod res est velim,
Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 9.—With perf. act.:hanc te quoque ad ceteras tuas eximias virtutes, Masinissa, adjecisse velim,
Liv. 30, 14, 6.—With perf. pass., Liv. 1, 23, 8 (v. II. A. 3. a. supra).—With ut (rare):d.de tuis velim ut eo sis animo, quo debes esse,
Cic. Fam. 4, 14, 4. —With ne (rare), Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 23 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—2.With dependent verb in the third person, expressing a wish.a.With pres. subj.:b.ita se defatigent velim Ut, etc.,
Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 3:de Cicerone quae mihi scribis, jucunda mihi sunt: velim sint prospera,
Cic. Att. 14, 11, 2:velim seu Himilco, seu Mago respondeat,
Liv. 23, 12, 15:sint haec vera velim,
Verg. Cir. 306:nulla me velim syllaba effugiat,
Quint. 11, 2, 45.—With final clause:tu velim mihi ad urbem praesto sis, ut tuis consiliis utar,
Cic. Att. 9, 16, 3; cf. id. ib. 11, 11, 2 (v. I. C. 2. supra).—With ellips. of pres. subj.:velim mehercule Asturae Brutus (i. e. sit),
Cic. Att. 14, 11, 1.—With perf. subj. (a wish referring to the past):c.nimis velim improbissumo homini malas edentaverint,
Plaut. Rud. 3, 2, 48.—With inf.-clause:3.ne ego nunc mihi modium mille esse argenti velim!
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 9: di me perdant! Me. Quodcunque optes, velim tibi contingere, id. Cist. 2, 1, 30:velim eum tibi placere quam maxime,
Cic. Brut. 71, 249: idque primum ita esse velim;deinde etiam, si non sit, mihi persuaderi tamen velim,
id. Tusc. 1, 11, 24:quod faxitis, deos velim fortunare,
Liv. 6, 41, 12.—With perf. pass. inf. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):edepol te hodie lapide percussum velim,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 33:moribus praefectum mulierum hunc factum velim,
id. Aul. 3, 5, 30.—With inf.-clause understood:nimium plus quam velim nostrorum ingenia sunt mobilia,
Liv. 2, 37, 4.—With verb in the first person.a.With inf. pres. (so most freq.):b.atque hoc velim probare omnibus, etc.,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 20, 47:velim scire ecquid de te recordere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 13:quare te, ut polliceris, videre plane velim,
id. Att. 11, 9, 3:nec vero velim... a calce ad carceres revocari,
id. Sen. 23, 83:sed multitudo ea quid animorum... habeat scire velim,
Liv. 23, 12, 7:interrogare tamen velim, an Isocrates Attice dixerit,
Quint. 12, 10, 22.—With perf. inf. act., Ov. P. 3, 1, 9 (v. II. A. 3. c.).—With acc. and inf.:c.quod velis, modo id velim me scire,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 4, 8.—So with perf. pass. inf.:ego praeterquam quod nihil haustum ex vano velim, Fabium... potissimum auctorem habui,
Liv. 22, 7, 4.—With subj. pres.:4.eo velim tam facili uti possim et tam bono in me quam Curione,
Cic. Att. 10, 8, 10 B. and K. ex conj. Mull. (Lachm., Hoffm. posse; al. possem).—Velim in the principal sentence of conditional clauses, I would, I should be willing:5.aetatem velim servire, Libanum ut (= si) conveniam modo,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 8:velim, si fieri possit,
id. Truc. 2, 4, 12:si quid tibi compendi facere possim, factum edepol velim (redundant),
id. ib. 2, 4, 26:si possim, velim,
id. Stich. 4, 2, 9:nec velim (imitari orationes Thucydidis) si possim,
Cic. Brut. 83, 287:si liceat, nulli cognitus esse velim,
Ov. Tr. 5, 12, 42.—The other persons of velim in potential use (rare).a.Velis.(α).Imperatively = cupito:(β).quoniam non potest fieri quod vis, Id velis quod possit,
Ter. And. 2, 1, 6:atque aliquos tamen esse velis tibi, alumna, penates,
Verg. Cir. 331.—Declaratively with indef. subj.: quom inopia'st, cupias; quando ejus copia'st, tum non velis, then you (i.e. people, they) do not want it, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 45.—(γ).Redundant, as a form of the imperative of the dependent verb, Ov. Am. 1, 4, 38 (v. I. A. 3. a. b); id. H. 1, 80 (v. II. A. 1. b.); id. M. 2, 746 (v. II. A. 1. c.).—b.Velit.(α).Modestly for vult:(β).te super aetherias licentius auras Haud pater ille velit, etc.,
Verg. A. 7, 558: nemo enim minui velit id in quo maximus fuit, would like that to be diminished in which, etc., Quint. 12, 11, 6; cf. Verg. A. 2, 104, and Ov. H. 9, 7 (v. I. E. 1. c. supra).— So, poet., instead of vellet with perf. inf.:ut fiat, quid non illa dedisse velit?
Ov. Am. 2, 17, 30.—= imperative of third person:c.arma velit, poscatque simul rapiatque juventus,
Verg. A. 7, 340.—Redundantly, giving to the dependent verb the force of an imperative, Quint. 8, prooem. 12 (v. II. A. 1. c. supra; v. also I. A. 3. a. supra).—Velimus.(α).In the optative sense of velim:(β). d.sed scire velimus quod tibi nomen siet,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 6, 18.—Velitis = velim velitis (i. e. jubeatis, jubete):e.novos consules ita cum Samnite gerere bellum velitis ut omnia ante nos bella gesta sunt,
Liv. 9, 8, 10.—So especially in velitis jubeatis, a formula in submitting a law to the votes of the people in the comitia centuriata or tributa, let it be resolved and ordered by you:rogatus in haec verba populus: velitis jubeatisne haec sic fieri, si respublica populi Romani Quiritium, etc.,
Liv. 22, 10, 2:velitis jubeatis, Quirites... uti de ea re Ser. Sulpicius praetor urbanus ad senatum referat, etc.,
id. 38, 54, 3.—And parodied by Cic.:velitis jubeatis ut quod Cicero versum fecerit,
Cic. Pis. 29, 72.—So in oblique discourse, vellent juberent:rogationem promulgavit, vellent juberent Philippo... bellum indici,
Liv. 31, 6, 1:vellent juberentne se regnare,
id. 1, 46, 1; cf.in the resolution of the people: plebis sic jussit: quod senatus... censeat, id volumus jubemusque,
id. 26, 33, 14.—Velint, optative and redundant, Cic. Att. 11, 7, 7 (v. II. A. 1. d.); Ov. P. 1, 7, 8 (v. II. A. 1. c.).C.Vellem, as potential subjunctive, I wish, should like, should have liked, representing the wish as contrary to fact, while velim refers to a wish which may be realized:1.de Menedemo vellem verum fuisset, de regina velim verum sit,
Cic. Att. 15, 4, 4. It is not used with imperative force; cf.:quod scribis, putare te... vellem scriberes, cur ita putares... tu tamen velim scribas,
Cic. Att. 11, 24, 5.—Often quam vellem, how I wish, i. e. I wish very much; and in the same sense: nimium vellem, v. infra.With verb in first person.a.With inf. pres., I wish, would like, referring to present or future actions:b.videre equidem vos vellem, cum huic aurum darem,
Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 68:vellem equidem idem posse gloriari quod Cyrus,
Cic. Sen. 10, 32:vellem equidem vobis placere, Quirites, sed, etc.,
Liv. 3, 68, 9:quam fieri vellem meus libellus!
Mart. 8, 72, 9.—With cuperem and optarem:nunc ego Triptolemi cuperem conscendere currus... Nunc ego Medeae vellem frenare dracones... Nunc ego jactandas optarem sumere pennas, etc.,
Ov. Tr. 3, 8, 1 sqq.— [p. 2010] Rarely, I should have liked:tum equidem istuc os tuum inpudens videre nimium vellem!
Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 49.—And in conditional sense:maerorem minui: dolorem nec potui, nec, si possem, vellem (i. e. minuere),
Cic. Att. 12, 28, 2:certe ego, si sineres, titulum tibi reddere vellem,
Ov. Tr. 4, 5, 13:sic nec amari quidem vellem (i. e. if I were in his place),
Sen. Ira, 1, 20, 4.—With perf. inf., I wish I had:c.abiit, vah! Rogasse vellem,
I wish I had asked him, Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 25:maxime vellem semper tecum fuisse,
Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 5:quam vellem petisse ab eo quod audio Philippum impetrasse,
id. ib. 10, 4, 10:non equidem vellem, quoniam nocitura fuerunt, Pieridum sacris imposuisse manum,
Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 27:ante equidem summa de re statuisse, Latini, Et vellem, et fuerat melius,
Verg. A. 11, 303. —With inf.-clause, the predicate being a perf. part. (v. I. B. 9. b. b, supra):d.virum me natam vellem,
would I had been born a man! Ter. Phorm. 5, 3, 9.—With subj. imperf. (rare):2.quam vellem, Panaetium nostrum nobiscum haberemus,
Cic. Rep. 1, 10, 15.—The subject of the dependent verb in the second person.a.With subj. imperf. (the regular construction):b.hodie igitur me videbit, ac vellem tum tu adesses,
I wish you could be present, Cic. Att. 13, 7, 2:quam vellem de his etiam oratoribus tibi dicere luberet,
I wish you would please, id. Brut. 71, 248.—With subj. pluperf., I wish you had:c.vellem Idibus Martiis me ad cenam invitasses,
Cic. Fam. 12, 4, 1:quam vellem te ad Stoicos inclinavisses,
id. Fin. 3, 3, 10:vellem suscepisses juvenem regendum,
id. Att. 10, 6, 2:quam vellem Bruto studium tuum navare potuisses,
id. ib. 15, 4, 5.—With ne and pluperf. subj.:d.tu vellem ne veritus esses ne parum libenter legerem tuas litteras,
Cic. Fam. 7, 33, 2.—With ellipsis of verb: vera cantas, vana vellem (i. e. cantares). Plaut. Most. 3, 4, 41.—3.With verb in third person.a.With imperf. subj. (the regular construction):b.patrem atque matrem viverent vellem tibi (per ecthesin, v. I. E. b.),
Plaut. Poen. 5, 2, 106:vellem adesset Antonius, modo sine advocatis,
Cic. Phil. 1, 7, 16:vellem nobis hoc idem vere dicere liceret,
id. Off. 3, 1, 1:vellem adesse posset Panaetius,
id. Tusc. 1, 33, 81:vellem hoc esset laborare,
id. Or. 2, 71, 287.—With pluperf. subj.:c.vellem aliqui ex vobis robustioribus hunc male dicendi locum suscepissent,
Cic. Cael. 3, 7:vellem dictum esset ab eodem etiam de Dione,
id. ib. 10, 23; so id. ib. 31, 74; id. Brut. 44, 163:quam vellem Dareus aliquid ex hac indole hausisset!
Curt. 3, 32 (12), 26.—With inf.-clause.(α).With inf. pres., I wish he were:(β).quam non abesse ab hujus judicio L. Vulsionem vellem!
Cic. Clu. 70, 198:nunc mihi... Vellem, Maeonide, pectus inesse tuum,
Ov. F. 2, 120.—With perf. inf. or part., I wish he had, had been:d.quam vellem Menedemum invitatum!
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 11:epistulas, quas quidem vellem mihi numquam redditas,
Cic. Att. 11, 22, 1.—With ellipsis of predicate: illud quoque vellem antea (i. e. factum, or factum esse),
Cic. Att. 11, 23, 3.—With ut, Cic. Sull. 1, 1; id. Fam. 7, 33, 2 (v. I. C. 1. a. supra).—4.With acc. of a neuter pronoun or of a noun:5.aliquando sentiam us nihil nobis nisi, id quod minime vellem, spiritum reliquum esse,
Cic. Att. 9, 19, 2: tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem: apti essent ad id quod cogito, I would like to have (cf. I. E. 1. a.), id. ib. 13, 22, 2.—In the other persons of vellem (mostly poet.).a.Velles.(α).In optative sentences redundant, Verg. A. 11, 153 (v. II. A. 1. d.).—(β).Of an indefinite subject:b.velles eum (Senecam) suo ingenio dixisse, alieno judicio,
Quint. 10, 1, 130.—Vellet.(α).In the potential sense of vellem: vellet abesse quidem;(β).sed adest. Velletque videre, Non etiam sentire canum fera facta suorum,
Ov. M. 3, 247.—Conditionally:c.quis vellet tanti nuntius esse mali (i. e. if in this situation)?
Ov. H. 12, 146.—Vellent.(α).In the potential sense of vellem:(β).quam vellent aethere in alto Nunc of pauperiem et duros perferre labores!
Verg. A. 6, 436.—Conditionally: nec superi vellent hoc licuisse sibi, would wish, i. e. if in this situation, Mart. 4, 44, 8.D.Volam and voluero.1.In gen.: respiciendus erit sermo stipulationis, utrumne talis sit: quem voluero, an quem volam. Nam si talis fuerit quem voluero, cum semel elegerit, mutare voluntatem non poterit;2.si vero... quem volam, donec judicium dictet, mutandi potestatem habebit,
Dig. 45, 1, 112.—Volam in principal sentences.(α).= Engl. future, I shall wish, etc.:(β).et commeminisse hoc ego volam te,
I shall require you to recollect this, Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 7: cum omnia habueris, tunc habere et sapientiam voles? will you also wish to have wisdom when? etc., Sen. Ep. 17, 8.—Denoting present probability: et scilicet jam me hoc voles patrem exorare, ut, etc., you doubtless wish me, etc., Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 27.—3.In clauses dependent on predicates implying a future, generally rendered by an English present:E.quid si sors aliter quam voles evenerit?
otherwise than as you wish, Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 35:tum te, si voles, cum patriae quod debes solveris, satis diu vixisse dicito,
then if you choose, if you will, Cic. Marcell. 9, 27:decedes cum voles,
id. Att. 6, 3, 2:qui magis effugies eos qui volent fingere?
those who are bent upon inventing, who will invent, falsehoods, id. ib. 8, 2, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 1, 4; id. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 55; id. Prov. Cons. 9, 24:quod voles gratum esse, rarum effice,
Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; cf. id. Brev. Vit. 7, 9: si di volent, the gods permitting, August. ap. Suet. Calig. 8:invenies, vere si reperire voles,
Ov. P. 3, 1, 34; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 78; Tib. 1, 4, 45.—So, voluero:quem (locum) si qui vitare voluerit, sex milium circuitu in oppidum pervenit,
who wishes to avoid this spot, Caes. B. C. 2, 24.Si vis, parenthetically.1.If you please (cf. sis, supra init.):2.paulum opperirier, Si vis,
Ter. Eun. 5, 2, 52:audi, si vis, nunc jam,
id. Ad. 2, 1, 30:dic, si vis, de quo disputari velis,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 5, 13.—If you wish, choose, insist upon it:F.hanc quoque jucunditatem, si vis, transfer in animum,
Cic. Fin. 2, 4, 14:addam, si vis, animi, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 27, 89:concedam hoc ipsum, si vis, etc.,
id. Div. 2, 15, 34.Quam, with any person of the pres. indic. or subj., or imperf. subj. or future, = quamvis, in a concessive sense, virtually, however, however much.1.3 d pers. sing.:2.quod illa, quam velit sit potens, numquam impetravisset (= quamvis sit potens),
however powerful she may be, Cic. Cael. 26, 63:C. Gracchus dixit, sibi in somnis Ti. fratrem visum esse dicere, quam vellet cunctaretur, tamen eodem sibi leto... esse pereundum,
id. Div. 1, 26, 56:quam volet jocetur,
id. N. D. 2, 17, 46.—1 st pers. plur.:3.quam volumus licet ipsi nos amemus, tamen, etc.,
Cic. Har. Resp. 9, 19.—2 d pers. plur.: exspectate facinus quam vultis improbum, vincam tamen, etc., expect a crime, however wicked ( ever so wicked), etc., Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11;4.but: hac actione quam voletis multi dicent,
as many as you choose, id. ib. 2, 2, 42, § 102.—3 d pers. plur.:G.quam volent illi cedant, tamen a re publica revocabuntur,
Cic. Phil. 2, 44, 113:quam volent in conviviis faceti, dicaces, etc., sint, alia fori vis est, alia triclinii,
id. Cael. 28, 67;but: et ceteri quam volent magnas pecunias capere possint,
as much money as they choose, id. Verr. 2, 2, 58, § 142.Volo = malo, to prefer, with a comparative clause (rare):H.quodsi in ceteris quoque studiis a multis eligere homines commodissimum quodque, quam sese uni alicui certo vellent addicere, = si se eligere mallent quam se uni addicere,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:malae rei quam nullius duces esse volunt,
Liv. 3, 68, 11:famaene credi velis quanta urbs a te capta sit, quam posteris quoque eam spectando esse?
id. 25, 29, 6.With magis and maxime.1.Magis velle: ut tu illam salvam magis velles quam ego, you wish more than I, etc., Ter. Hec. 2, 2, 17.—2.With maxime, to wish above all, more than any thing or any one else, to be most agreeable to one, to like best, to prefer (among more than two alternatives):K.quia id maxime volo ut illi istoc confugiant,
wish above all, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 49; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 38:maxime vellem, judices, ut P. Sulla, etc.,
Cic. Sull. 1, 1:caritate nos capiunt reges, consilio optimates, libertate populi, ut in comparando difficile ad eligendum sit, quid maxime velis,
which you prefer, like best, id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; so, quemadmodum ego maxime vellem, id. Att. 13, 1, 1:tris eos libros maxime nunc vellem,
above all others, id. ib. 13, 32, 2:alia excusanti juveni, alia recipienti futura, ita ut maxime vellet senatus responderi placuit,
as it was most agreeable to him, Liv. 39, 47:si di tibi permisissent quo modo maxime velles experiri animum meum,
in the manner most convenient to yourself, Curt. 3, 6, 12.In disjunctive co - ordination.1.With sive... sive:2.tu nunc, sive ego volo, seu nolo, sola me ut vivam facis,
whether I choose or not, Plaut. Cist. 3, 14:itaque Campanos sive velint, sive nolint, quieturos,
Liv. 8, 2, 13.—Without connectives.a.Vis tu... vis:b.congredi cum hoste liceat... vis tu mari, vis terra, vis acie, vis urbibus expugnandis experiri virtutem?
Liv. 25, 6, 22.—Velim nolim.(α).Interrogatively, = utrum velim nec ne:(β).velit nolit scire, difficile est,
it is difficult to know whether he intends it or not, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 8, 4.—= seu velim seu nolim:A.ut mihi, velim nolim, sit certa quaedam tuenda sententia,
whether I will or not, Cic. N. D. 1, 7, 17:velim nolim, in cognomine Scipionum haeream necesse est,
Val. Max. 3, 7, 3:mors interim adest, cui velis nolis vacandum est,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 8, 5:hunc ita fundatum necesse est, velit nolit, sequatur hilaritas continua,
id. Vit. Beat. 4, 4:velint nolint, respondendum est... beate vivere bonum non esse,
id. Ep. 117, 4:praeterea futuri principes, velint nolint, sciant, etc.,
Plin. Pan. 20 fin. Part. and P. a.: vŏlens, entis.As a part. proper, retaining the meaning and construction of velle, with the force of a relative or adverbial clause.1.Agreeing with some member of the sentence ( poet. and in post-class. prose;2.rare): neque illum... multa volentem Dicere praeterea vidit (= qui multa voluit dicere),
Verg. G. 4, 501; id. A. 2, 790:nec me vis ulla volentem Avertet (i. e. si adhaerere foederi volo),
id. ib. 12, 203: decemviri, minuere volentes hujuscemodi violentiam... putaverunt, etc., intending ( who intended) to diminish such a violence, etc., Gell. 20, 1, 34:Milo, experiri etiamtunc volens, an ullae sibi reliquae vires adessent... rescindere quercum conatus est,
id. 15, 16, 3:scio quosdam testatores, efficere volentes ne servi sui umquam ad libertatem venirent, etc., hactenus scribere solitos,
Dig. 40, 4, 61:si te volentem ad prohibendum venire, deterruerit aliquis, etc.,
ib. 43, 24, 1, § 10.—Abl. absol. (not ante-Aug.):B. 1.ne cujus militis scripti nomen nisi ipso volente deleretur,
except with his consent, Liv. 7, 41, 4; so,Teum ex medio cursu classem repente avertit, aut volentibus iis usurus commeatu parato hostibus, aut ipsos pro hostibus habiturus,
with their consent, id. 37, 27, 3:ponuntque ferocia Poeni Corda, volente deo,
since the god willed it, Verg. A. 1, 303: Thrasippo supplicium a se voluntaria morte exigere volente, while he was about to inflict punishment on himself, etc., Val. Max. 5, 1, ext. 2: scire volentibus immortalibus dis an Romana virtus imperium orbis mereretur, it being the will of the gods to know, etc., Flor. 1, 13, 3 (1, 7, 3): qui sciente aut volente eo ad quem res pertinet, possessionem nanciscitur, with the knowledge and consent of the person who, etc., Dig. 41, 2, 6. —Attributively.a.In the phrase cum dis volentibus, lit. with the willing or favoring gods, i. e. with the will, permission, or favor of the gods: dono ducite doque volentibu' cum magnis dis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 208 Vahl.):b.sequere hac, mea gnata, me cum dis volentibus,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 4:cum dis volentibus quodque bene eveniat mando tibi Mani uti illaec suovetaurilia, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 141 (142).— And without cum, abl. absol.:virtute ac dis volentibus magni estis et opulenti,
Sall. J. 14, 19.—Volenti animo.(α).= cupide, eagerly:(β).Romae plebes litteris quae de Metello ac Mario missae erant, volenti animo de ambobus acceperant,
Sall. J. 73, 3. —On purpose, intentionally:2.consilio hanc omnes animisque volentibus urbem Adferimur,
Verg. A. 7, 216.—Predicatively.a.Agreeing with the subject-nom. or subject - acc.(α).Voluntarily, willingly, [p. 2011] gladly (class.):(β).(hi) divini generis appellentur... vobisque jure et lege volentes pareant,
Cic. Univ. 11 fin.:quas victi ab hostibus poenas metuerant, eas ipsi volentes pendere,
Sall. J. 76, 6:quia volentes in amicitiam non veniebant,
Liv. 21, 39, 4:si volentes ac non coacti mansissent in amicitia,
id. 24, 37, 7:quocunque loco seu volens seu invitus constitisti,
id. 7, 40, 13:itaque se numquam volentem parte qua posset rerum consilio gerendarum cessurum,
id. 22, 27, 9:(virtus), quidquid evenerit, feret, non patiens tantum, sed etiam volens,
Sen. Vit. Beat. 15, 5:non est referre gratiam quod volens acceperis nolenti reddere,
id. Ben. 4, 40, 4:volens vos Turnus adoro,
Verg. A. 10, 677; 3, 457; 6, 146;12, 833: date vina volentes,
id. ib. 8, 275: ipsa autem macie tenuant armenta volentes ( on purpose), id. G. 3, 129.—And referring to subjects denoting things: quos rami fructus, quos ipsa volentia rura Sponte tulere sua, carpsit ( spontaneously and willingly), Verg. G. 2, 500.—Favorably; with propitius, favorably and kindly, referring to the gods:b.precantes Jovem ut volens propitius praebeat sacra arma pro patria,
Liv. 24, 21, 10:precantibus ut volens propitiaque urbem Romanam iniret,
id. 29, 14, 13:in ea arce (Victoriam) sacratam, volentem propitiamque, firmam ac stabilem fore populo Romano,
id. 22, 37, 12; 1, 16, 3; 7, 26, 3; 24, 38, 8; Inscr. Orell. 2489 sq.—Parodied by Plautus:agite, bibite, festivae fores! fite mihi volentes propitiae,
Plaut. Curc. 1, 1, 89.— Abl. absol.:omnia diis propitiis volentibusque ea faciemus,
with the favor and help of the gods, Liv. 39, 16, 11 Weissenb. ad loc.:si (Jovem) invocem ut dexter ac volens assit,
Quint. 4, prooem. 5.—Agreeing with other terms of the sentence (rare): volenti consuli causa in Pamphyliam devertendi oblata est, a welcome cause was offered to the consul, etc., Liv. 38, 15, 3:c.quod nobis volentibus facile continget,
if we wish, Quint. 6, 2, 30:is Ariobarzanem volentibus Armeniis praefecit,
to their satisfaction, Tac. A. 2, 4:gemis... hominem, Urse, tuum, cui dulce volenti servitium... erat,
to whom his servitude was sweet, since he liked it, Stat. S. 2, 6, 15:me mea virtus, etc., fatis egere volentem,
Verg. A. 8, 133:saepe ille volentem castigabat erum,
administered kindly received rebukes, Stat. S. 2, 6, 50.—In the phrase aliquid mihi volenti est or putatur, etc., something is welcome, acceptable to me, pleases me (= volens habeo or accipio aliquid; cf. the Gr. Humin tauta boulomenois estin, and, mihi aliquid cupienti est; v. cupio;3.rare but class.): uti militibus exaequatus cum imperatore labos volentibus esset,
that the equalization of labor was acceptable to the soldier, Sall. J. 100, 4:quia neque plebei militia volenti putabatur,
id. ib. 84, 3 Dietsch:grande periculum maritumis civitatibus esse, et quibusdam volentibus novas res fore,
that to some a change of the government would be welcome, Liv. 21, 50, 10:quibus bellum volentibus erat, probare exemplum,
Tac. Agr. 18.— Impers. with subject - inf.: ceterisque remanere et in verba Vespasiani adigi volentibus fuit, to the rest it was acceptable to remain, etc., Tac. H. 3, 43.—With subject-inf. understood:si volentibus vobis erit, in medium profero quae... legisse memini,
Macr. S. 7, 13, 11:si volentibus vobis erit, diem fabulis et epulis exigamus,
id. ib. 1, 7; 2, 3 fin.; 6, 6 init. —As subst. (mostly post-Aug.).a.vŏlens, entis, m., = is qui vult, in the different meanings, and often with the construction of the verb.(α).One who wishes:(β).nunc cis Hiberum castra Romana esse, arcem tutam perfugiumque novas volentibus res,
Liv. 22, 22, 11:consulere se volentibus vacuas aures accommodavit,
Val. Max. 5, 8, 3:quid opus libertate si volentibus luxu perire non licet,
id. 2, 9, 5:discere meliora volentibus promptum est,
i. e. it depends on our own will to learn better things, Quint. 11, 11, 12:nec sum in hoc sollicitus, dum res ipsa volentibus discere appareat,
to the students, id. 8, 4, 15:mori volentibus vis adhibita vivendi,
Suet. Tib. 61.—One who intends, is about:(γ).juris ignorantia non prodest acquirere volentibus,
i. e. in the acquisition of property, Dig. 22, 6, 7:si quis volentem incipere uti frui prohibuit,
one who is about to enter upon a usufruct, ib. 43, 16, 3, § 14. —One who is willing:(δ).non refert quid sit quod datur, nisi a volente volenti datur,
unless it is both willingly given and received, Sen. Ben. 2, 18, 8:ducunt volentem fata, nolentem trahunt,
those willing to follow, id. Ep. 107, 11.—One who consents:(ε).tutiusque rati volentibus quam coactis imperitare,
to rule men with their consent, Sall. J. 102, 6:quippe rempublicam si a volentibus nequeat ab invitis jus expetituram,
peaceably if they could, forcibly if they must, Liv. 3, 40, 4:si quis aliam rem pro alia volenti solverit,
if one pays with the consent of the receiver, Dig. 46, 3, 46:nulla injuria est quae in volentem fiat,
ib. 47, 10, 1, § 5.—One who does a thing voluntarily:(ζ).pecuniam etiam a volentibus acceperant,
the contributions of money were voluntary, Vell. 2, 62, 3:parce, puer, stimulis... (solis equi) Sponte sua properant. Labor est inhibere volentis (i. e. properare),
Ov. M. 2, 128.—Volens = bene volens: munificus nemo habebatur nisi pariter volens, unless he was just as kindly disposed, sc. as he was liberal, Sall. J. 103, 6.—Often referring to a previously mentioned noun:b.hunc cape consiliis socium et conjunge volentem,
and unite with him, since he wishes it, Verg. A. 5, 712; so may be taken Ov. M. 2, 128 (v. e).—In the neutr. plur. (volentia) rare, always with dat., things pleasing, acceptable:2.Pompeius multis suspitionibus volentia plebi facturus habebatur,
that he would do what pleased the common people, Sall. H. 4, 31 Dietsch:haec atque talia plebi volentia fuere,
Tac. A. 15, 36 Draeg. ad loc. al.:iique Muciano volentia rescripsere,
id. H. 3, 52.—Hence, adv.: vŏlenter, willingly, App. M. 6, p. 178, 4.vŏlo, āvi, ātum ( part. gen. plur. volantūm, Verg. A. 6, 728; Lucr. 2, 1083), 1, v. n. [Sanscr. val-, to turn one's self, etc.; cf.: vŏlucer, vēlox, and vol- in velivolus], to fly.I.Lit.: ex alto... laeva volavit avis, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 48, 107 (Ann. v. 95 Vahl.):2. II.aves,
Lucr. 6, 742:accipitres,
id. 4, 1010:corvi,
id. 2, 822:altam supra volat ardea nubem,
Verg. G. 1, 364:volat ille per aëra magnum Remigio alarum,
id. A. 1, 300:columbae venere volantes,
id. ib. 6, 191; Prop. 2, 30 (3, 28), 30; Juv. 8, 251:apes,
Ov. A. A. 1, 96; cf. Plin. 10, 38, 54, § 112:volasse eum (Antonium), non iter fecisse diceres,
Cic. Phil. 10, 5, 11.—Prov.:sine pennis volare haud facile est,
Plaut. Poen. 4, 2, 49.—Transf., to fly, i. e. to move swiftly like one flying, to fleet, speed, hasten along:3.i sane... vola curriculo,
Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 17; cf.:per summa levis volat aequora curru,
Verg. A. 5, 819:medios volat ecce per hostes Vectus equo spumante Saces,
id. ib. 12, 650:illa (Argo) volat,
Ov. H. 6, 66:currus,
Verg. G. 3, 181:axis,
id. ib. 3, 107:nubes,
Lucr. 5, 254:fulmina,
id. 2, 213:tempestates,
id. 6, 612:telum,
id. 1, 971; cf. Sall. J. 60, 2; Verg. A. 9, 698; Liv. 26, 44, 7 al.:litterae Capuam ad Pompeium volare dicebantur,
Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3:volat aetas,
id. Tusc. 1, 31, 76:hora,
Sen. Hippol. 1141:fama,
Verg. A. 3, 121:et semel emissum volat irrevocabile verbum,
Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 71.— Poet., with inf.:ast Erebi virgo ditem volat aethere Memphim Praecipere et Phariā venientem pellere terrā,
Val. Fl. 4, 407.vŏlo, ōnis, m. [1. volo], a volunteer, first applied to the slaves who, after the battle at Cannæ, were enrolled upon their own expressed desire to serve (cf. Liv. 22, 57, 11; Val. Max. 7, 6, 1):volones dicti sunt milites, qui post Cannensem cladem usque ad octo milia, cum essent servi, voluntarie se ad militiam obtulere,
Paul. Diac. p. 370:volones, quia sponte hoc voluerunt, appellati,
Macr. S. 1, 11, 30:vetus miles tironi, liber voloni sese exaequari sineret,
Liv. 23, 35, 6; 23, 32, 1; Capitol. Anton. Phil. 21, 6; Macr. S. 1, 11, 30. -
118 disc
1. n диск, круг2. n диск Луны, Солнца3. n пластинка4. n разг. шайба5. n бот. листовая пластинка6. n бот. корзинка7. n бот. зоол. очки8. n бот. анат. межпозвоночный хрящ9. n бот. вчт. магнитный дискflexible disc — гибкий диск, дискета
disc cartridge — дисковый пакет, кассетный диск
Синонимический ряд:photographic medium (verb) color film; film; infrared film; microfilm; negative; panchromatic film; photographic medium; video cassette -
119 microfilm
1. n плёнка для микрофотокопирования2. n микрофильм; микрофотокопия на киноплёнкеСинонимический ряд:photographic medium (verb) color film; disc; film; infrared film; negative; panchromatic film; photographic medium; video cassette -
120 imaging
1. воспроизведение изображений, репродуцирование2. формирование изображений; получение изображений3. визуализация4. получение зеркального изображенияimaging device — устройство, формирующее изображение
imaging suspension — суспензия, формирующая изображение
5. формирование изображения зеркаломphotoelectrophoretic imaging — воспроизведение изображения фотоэлектрическим способом, фотоэлектрофоретическая печать
screen imaging — формирование изображения на экране; проецирование изображения
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