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21 canal
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22 canal
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23 navigation
ˌnævɪˈɡeɪʃən сущ.
1) мореходство, судоходство, плавание;
мореплавание, навигация Syn: shipping, pilotage proper
2) а) кораблевождение (наука) ;
навигацкое дело б) искусство мореплавания celestial navigation electronic navigation Syn: seamanship
3) самолетовождение;
аэронавигация
4) амер. торговый флот, торговые суда Syn: shipping навигация, судоходство - inland * речное судоходство - * canal судоходный канал - * head (морское) пристань /порт/ снабжения кораблевождение самолетовождение штурманское дело - * bridge( морское) штурманский /ходовой/ мостик - * chart (авиация) (морское) (аэро) навигационная карта - * equipment навигационное оборудование - * light( военное) (морское) ходовой огонь;
(авиация) аэронавигационный огонь - * school штурманское училище наведение( ракеты) ~ мореходство, судоходство, плавание;
навигация;
inland navigation речное судоходство inland ~ внутреннее ориентирование inland ~ внутреннее судоходство inland ~ плавание по внутренним водным путям navigation кораблевождение (наука) ~ мореходство, судоходство, плавание;
навигация;
inland navigation речное судоходство ~ мореходство, судоходство, плавание ~ навигация ~ плавание ~ самолетовождение, аэронавигация ~ самолетовождение;
аэронавигация ~ судовождение ~ судоходство ~ штурманское дело winter ~ зимняя навигацияБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > navigation
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24 navigation channel
канал судоходный
Канал, предназначенный для движения судов
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]EN
DE
FR
Англо-русский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > navigation channel
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25 navigation channel
nHYDROL, OCEAN, TRANSP canal m, canal de navegación m, paso m -
26 canal-navigation
[kənaelnævigéišən]nounplovba po kanalu, prekopu -
27 Panama Canal
геогр. Панамский канал -
28 flushing canal
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29 outlet canal
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30 spinal canal
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31 summit canal
nWATER navigation nivel cumbre de un canal m -
32 судоходный канал
Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > судоходный канал
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33 канал
муж.
1) canal (искусственный) ;
channel (морской) пускать по каналу ≈ channel вертикальный канал ≈ uptake тех. оросительный канал ≈ irrigation canal отводный канал ≈ derivation canal судоходный канал ≈ navigation canal трасса канала ≈ canal track
2) перен. channel каналы обращения ≈ channels of circulation дипломатические каналы ≈ diplomatic channels
3) анат. duct, canal мочеиспускательный канал ≈ urethra
4) (ствола) bore
5) тлв. channel телевизионный канал ≈ television channel -
34 судоходный канал
fairway, navigation canal, navigable channel, passage, canalized waterwayАнгло-русский словарь технических терминов > судоходный канал
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35 IHNC
Морской термин: Inner Harbor Navigation Canal -
36 Gentilly
Жилой район г. Нового Орлеана [ New Orleans], шт. Луизиана, к востоку от Байю Сент-Джон [Bayou St. John] и к северо-востоку от Французского квартала [ Vieux Carre], недалеко от берега озера Понтчартрейн [ Pontchartrain, Lake]. В состав района входят Жантийи-Террас [Gentilly Terrace] и Жантийи-Вудс [Gentilly Woods] (расположен вдоль Навигационного канала района Иннер-Харбор [Inner Harbor; Inner Harbor Navigation Canal]), новые городские районы, примыкающие к озеру. -
37 Berry, Henry
[br]b. 1720 Parr (?), near St Helens, Lancashire, Englandd. 30 July 1812 Liverpool, England[br]English canal and dock engineer who was responsible for the first true canal, as distinct from a canalized river, in England.[br]Little is known of Berry's early life, but it is certain that he knew the district around St Helens intimately, which was of assistance to him in his later canal works. He became Clerk and Assistant to Thomas Steers and proved his natural engineering ability in helping Steers in both the construction of the Newry navigation in Ireland and his supervision of the construction of Salthouse Dock in Liverpool. On Steers's death in 1750 Berry was appointed, at the age of 30, Dock Engineer for Liverpool Docks, and completed the Salthouse Dock three years later. In 1755 he was allowed by the Liverpool Authority—presumably because his full-time service was not required at the docks at that time—to survey and construct the Sankey Brook Navigation (otherwise known as the St Helens Canal), which was completed in 1757. Berry was instructed to make the brook navigable, but with the secret consent and connivance of one of the proprietors he built a lateral canal, the work commencing on 5 September 1755. This was the first dead-water canal in the country, as distinct from an improved river navigation, and preceded Brindley's Bridgewater Canal by some five or six years. On the canal he also constructed at Blackbrook the first pair of staircase locks to be built in England.Berry later advised on improvements to the Weaver Navigation, and his design for the new locks was accepted. He also carried out in 1769 a survey for a Leeds and Liverpool Canal, but this was not proceeded with and it was left to others to construct this canal. He advised turnpike trustees on bridge construction, but his main work was in Liverpool dock construction and between 1767 and 1771 he built the George's Dock. His final dock work was King's Dock, which was opened on 3 October 1788; he resigned at the age of 68 when the dock was completed. He lived for another 24 years, during which he was described in the local directories as "gentleman" instead of "engineer" or "surveyor" as he had been previously.[br]Further ReadingS.A.Harris, 1937, "Liverpool's second dock engineer", Transactions of the Historic Society of Lancashire and Cheshire 89.JHB -
38 Giles, Francis
[br]b. 1787 Englandd. 4 March 1847 England[br]English civil engineer engaged in canal, harbour and railway construction.[br]Trained as a surveyor in John Rennie's organization, Giles carried out surveys on behalf of Rennie before setting up in practice on his own. His earliest survey seems to have been on the line of the proposed Weald of Kent Canal in 1809. Then in 1811 he surveyed the proposed London \& Cambridge Canal linking Bishops Stortford on the Stort with Cambridge and with a branch to Shefford on the Ivel. In the same year he surveyed the line of the Wey \& Arun Junction Canal, and in 1816, in the same area, the Portsmouth \& Arundel Canal. In 1819 he carried out what is regarded as his first independent commission—the extension of the River Ivel Navigation from Biggleswade to Shefford. At this time he was helping John Rennie on the Aire \& Calder Navigation and continued there after Rennie's death in 1821. In 1825 he was engaged on plans for a London to Portsmouth Ship Canal and also on a suggested link between the Basingstoke and Kennet \& Avon Canals. Later, on behalf of Sir George Duckett, he was Engineer to the Hertford Union Canal, which was completed in 1830, and linked the Regent's Canal to the Lee Navigation. In 1833 he completed the extension of the Sankey Brook Navigation from Fiddler's Ferry to the Mersey at Widnes. One of his last canal works was a survey of the River Lee in 1844. Apart from his canal work, he was appointed Engineer to the Newcastle \& Carlisle Railway in 1829 and designed, among other works, the fine viaducts at Wetheral and Cor by. He was also, for a very short time, Engineer to the London \& Southampton Railway. Among other commissions, he was involved in harbour surveys and works at Dover, Rye, Holyhead, Dundee, Bridport and Dun Laoghaire (Kingstown). He was elected a member of the Institution of Civil Engineers in 1842 and succeeded Telford on the Exchequer Bill Loans Board.[br]Further Reading1848, Memoir 17, London: Institution of Civil Engineers, 9.JHB -
39 Yeoman, Thomas
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. c. 1700 probably near Northampton, Englandd. 24 January 1781 London, England[br]English surveyor and civil engineer.[br]Very little is known of his early life, but he was clearly a skilful and gifted engineer who had received comprehensive practical training, for in 1743 he erected the machinery in the world's first water-powered cotton mill at Northampton on the river Nene. In 1748 he invented a weighing machine for use by turnpike trusts for weighing wagons. Until 1757 he remained in Northampton, mainly surveying enclosures and turnpike roads and making agricultural machinery. He also gained a national reputation for building and installing very successful ventilating equipment (invented by Dr Stephen Hales) in hospitals, prisons and ships, including some ventilators of Yeoman's own design in the Houses of Parliament.Meanwhile he developed an interest in river improvements, and in 1744 he made his first survey of the River Nene between Thrapston and Northampton; he repeated the survey in 1753 and subsequently gave evidence in parliamentary proceedings in 1756. The following year he was in Gloucestershire surveying the line of the Stroudwater Canal, an operation that he repeated in 1776. Also in 1757, he was appointed Surveyor to the River Ivel Navigation in Bedfordshire. In 1761 he was back on the Nene. During 1762–5 he carried out surveys for the Chelmer \& Blackwater Navigation, although the work was not undertaken for another thirty years. In 1765 he reported on land-drainage improvements for the Kentish Sour. It was at this time that he became associated with John Smeaton in a major survey in 1766 of the river Lea for the Lee Navigation Trustees, having already made some surveys with Joseph Nickalls near Waltham Abbey in 1762. Yeoman modified some of Smeaton's proposals and on 1 July 1767 was officially appointed Surveyor to the Lee Navigation Trustees, a post he retained until 1771. He also advised on the work to create the Stort Navigation, and at the official opening on 24 October 1769 he made a formal speech announcing: "Now is Bishops Stortford open to all the ports of the world." Among his other works were: advice on Ferriby Sluice on the River Ancholme (1766); reports on the Forth \& Clyde Canal, the North Level and Wisbech outfall on the Nene, the Coventry Canal, and estimates for the Leeds and Selby Canal (1768–71); estimates for the extension of the Medway Navigation from Tonbridge to Edenbridge (1771); and between 1767 and 1777 he was consulted, with other engineers, by the City of London on problems regarding the Thames.He joined the Northampton Philosophical Society shortly after its formation in 1743 and was President several times before he moved to London. In 1760 he became a member of the Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, and in 1763 he was chosen as joint Chairman of the Committee on Mechanics—a position he held until 1778. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society on 12 January 1764. On the formation of the Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers, the forerunner of the present Institution of Civil Engineers, he was elected first President in 1771, remaining as such until his illness in 1780.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1764. President, Smeatonian Society of Civil Engineers 1771–80; Treasurer 1771–7.JHB -
40 Williams, Sir Edward Leader
[br]b. 28 April 1828 Worcester, Englandd. 1 June 1910 Altrincham, Cheshire, England[br]English civil engineer, designer and first Chief Engineer of the Manchester Ship Canal.[br]After an apprenticeship with the Severn Navigation, of which his father was Chief Engineer, Williams was engaged as Assistant Engineer on the Great Northern Railway, Resident Engineer at Shoreham Harbour and Engineer to the contractors for the Admiralty Pier at Dover. In 1856 he was appointed Engineer to the River Weaver Trust, and among the improvements he made was the introduction of the Anderton barge lift linking the Weaver and the Trent and Mersey Canal. After rejecting the proposal of a flight of locks he considered that barges might be lifted and lowered by hydraulic means. Various designs were submitted and the final choice fell on one by Edwin Clark that had two troughs counterbalancing each other through pistons. Movement of the troughs was initiated by introducing excess water into the upper trough to lift the lower. The work was carried out by Clark.In 1872 Williams became Engineer to the Bridgewater Navigation, enlarging the locks at Runcorn and introducing steam propulsion on the canal. He later examined the possibility of upgrading the Mersey \& Irwell Navigation to a Ship Canal. In 1882 his proposals to the Provisional Committee of the proposed Manchester Ship Canal were accepted. His scheme was to use the Mersey Channel as far as Eastham and then construct a lock canal from there to Manchester. He was appointed Chief Engineer of the undertaking.The canal's construction was a major engineering work during which Williams overcame many difficulties. He used the principle of the troughs on the Anderton lift as a guide for the construction of the Barton swing aqueduct, which replaced Brindley's original masonry aqueduct on the Bridgewater Canal. The first sod was cut at Eastham on 11 November 1887 and the lower portion of the canal was used for traffic in September 1891. The canal was opened to sea-borne traffic on 1 January 1894 and was formally opened by Queen Victoria on 21 May 1894. In acknowledgement of his work, a knighthood was conferred on him. He continued as Consulting Engineer until ill health forced his retirement.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted. Vice-President, Institution of Civil Engineers 1905–7.JHBBiographical history of technology > Williams, Sir Edward Leader
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