napāt

noun "thumb and index as a pair", a dual formation. Apparently formed from \#nápa, an alternative form of nápo "thumb"; Telerin also has a final -a rather than -o in this word VT48:5; etymology, VT48:16

nápāt

the latter in Class., but acc. naptāram appears in TS. and AitBr.)
descendant, offspring, son (in this meaning esp. in RV.,
e.g.. apāṉn-, ūrjon-, divon-, vimucon- etc.);
grandson (in later lang. restricted to this sense) RV. etc. etc.;
N. of one of the Viṡve devās MBh. XIII, 4362 ;
path of the gods (?) Mahīdh. on VS. XIX, 56 ;
granddaughter (?) Uṇ. II, 96 Sch. ;
(tī́) f. RV. AV. ( IX, 1, 3 nom. - tís) daughter, granddaughter (pl. often fig. « the fingers, hands» etc.);
( trī) f. granddaughter SVĀr. L. <Prob. neither = na + pat (Uṇ. II, 96) nor na + pāt (Pāṇ. VI, 3, 75),
andﾠ of very questionable connection with nabh, orﾠ nah;
+ cf. Zd. napāt, naptar;
Gk. νέποδες, ἀνεψιός;
Lat. nepōt-em;
Angl. Sax. nefa;
High Germ. nëvo, nëve, ṇeffe

tanū́-nápāt

a sacred N. of Fire (chiefly used in some verses of the Āprī hymns) RV. (acc. - pātam X, 92, 2) AV. V, 27, 1 VS. V, 5 (dat. - ptre;
= TS. I, 2, 10, 2) AitBr. II, 4 ṠBr. I, 5, 3; III ;
(gen. - ptur, 4, 2, 5 irr. nom. - ptā <only etymological cf. 4, 2, 5> 4, 2, 11) Hit. ;
fire (in general) Hcar. ;
N. of Ṡiva;
Plumbago zeylanica W. ;
- vat mfn. containing the word tánū-nápāt Nir. VIII, 22.

apā́ṉ-nápāt

N. of Agni orﾠ fire as sprung from water
etc. seeﾠ 2. áp

āṡú-heman

inciting his horses (N. of Agni, especially when regarded as Apāṃ-napāt) RV. TS.

iraṉ-madá

N. of Agni (in the form of lightning andﾠ Apāṃ-napāt) VS. XI, 76 ;
a flash of lightning orﾠ the fire attending the fall of a thunderbolt Kād. ;
submarine fire L.

tanū́-napa

tānūnapāta

tānūnaptrá

(- tva n. abstr.) AitBr. I, 24 ( alsoﾠ - tva) ṠBr. III ;
used in that ceremony KātyṠr. VIII ṠāṇkhṠr. V Lāṭy. V ĀpṠr. ;
- तानूनप्त्रपात्र

nárā-ṡáṉsa

(rarely) of Pūshan e.g.. RV. I, 164, 3; X. 64, 3 ;
- paṅkti w.r. for nārā-ṡñṡáṉsa-p-
seeﾠ under nara

pra-ṇapāt

+ cf. Lat. pro-nepos

vatsá-napāt

noun "thumb" VT47:10, VT48:4, 5. Compare nápat.

1 dual ending, on nouns denoting a pair of something: attat "2 fathers or neighbours" VT48:19; see atto, máryat "her pair of hands" Nam, siryat "two rivers" VT47:11, ciriat "2 ships" Letters:427 – read ciryat as in the Plotz Letter?, maquat "group of ten" from maqua, meaning among other things "group of five" VT47:7, nápat "thumb and index as a pair" VT48:5, also compare met "us two" as the dual form of me "us" Nam, VT47:11. Other dual endings known from the Plotz letter: genitive -to, possessive -twa, dative -nt, locative -tsë, allative -nta, ablative -lto, instrumental -nten, plus -tes as a possible short locative. It may be that these endings only apply to nouns that would have nominative dual forms in -t, and that nouns preferring the alternative dual ending -u would simply add the otherwise "singular" case endings to this vowel, e.g. *Alduo rather than ?Alduto as the genitive form of "Two Trees" Aldu.– The ending -t is also used as a verbal inflection, corresponding to pl. -r elen atta siluvaut/u, “two stars shall shine”, VT49:45; the verb carit “do” would also be used with a dual subject, VT49:16; cf. also the endings listed in VT49:48, 50. 2 "them", pronominal ending; seen in the word laituvalmet "we shall bless them" lait-uva-lme-t "bless-shall-we-them". According to PE17:110, this -t covers both sg. and dual. Also independent word te pl. and tú dual possibly *tu when unstressed. 3 reduced pronominal affix of the 2. person, "you" sg., the long form being -tyë both endings are listed in VT49:48. See heca regarding the example hecat WJ:364. However, in a later source, Tolkien denies that -tyë has any short form VT49:51, 57. The status of the ending -t is therefore doubtful.