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41 выговор
1) General subject: accent, accentuation, admonish (за какой-л. проступок), blow-up, bobbing, brush off, call down, call-down, dressing-down, jawbation, jobation, lecture, monish (за какой-л. проступок), pronounciation, pronunciation, ragging, rating, rebuke, reprimand, reproof, rowing, schooling, scolding, set down, set-down, snub, telling, objurgation (Lingvo), earful, wording, talking-to2) Colloquial: dressing, dressing down, row, talking to, telling-off, wigging3) Military: punitive reprimand (форма взыскания)4) Jocular: riot act (особ. родительское)5) Law: admonition6) Australian slang: chip, smack in the eye7) School: pi-jaw8) Jargon: dido, rap, take the rap, rocket9) Business: censure, correction, demerit10) Idiomatic expression: slap on the wrist -
42 наука управления
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43 научная организация управления
1) General subject: scientific management2) Military: management schooling, management scienceУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > научная организация управления
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44 образование
1) General subject: accomplishment, accomplishments, alinement, background, build (початка), composition, constitution, derivation, education (classical education - классическое образование), educational background (пункт анкеты или резюме: Educational & Professional Background), enlightenment, formation, genesis, home study, initiation, learning, schooling, (автономное) entity3) Medicine: appearance, elaboration, lump, mass4) Obsolete: breeding5) Military: (общее) education6) Engineering: building-up, buildup, creation, education (обучение), establishment, forming, generation, origination7) History: literature8) Chemistry: cyclization9) Construction: generation (пара)10) Mathematics: inception11) Economy: educational level12) Accounting: determination (напр. доходов)13) Finances: founding14) Automobile industry: development (кристалла), production16) Fishery: entity18) Ecology: evolution19) Business: instruction20) SAP. education and training21) leg.N.P. constituting (e.g., a tribunal, a committee, an agency, a corporation, a government), establishing, instituting22) Makarov: - genesis, building-up (напр. инея, льда), building-up (напр., инея, льда), buildup (напр. в-ва), buildup (напр. вещества), buildup (напр., в-ва), creation (создание), evolution (дыма), formation (появление, создание), formation (создание), generation (генерация), generation (создание), growth, lump (то, что образовано), making, mass (то, что образовано), nucleation, occurence, onset, origin (зарождение), school, synthesis, training -
45 обучение
1) General subject: apprenticeship (ремеслу), drill (строевое), drilling (войск), education, enlightenment, instruction, learning (животного), nurture, re education, re-education (инвалидов), school, schooling (школьное), teaching, training, tuition, tutelage, tutoring2) Computers: habitation4) Military: academic training (курсанта, слушателя), (теоретическое) class, (общее) education, indoctrination, instruction (практическим навыкам)5) Engineering: learning7) Law: trainee8) Psychology: discipline9) Scottish language: lear10) Information technology: habituation11) Astronautics: practice12) Mechanics: analogical control, walk-through13) Advertising: tng.14) Business: educational work15) Automation: lead-through (напр. робота), teach-in, walkthrough (напр. робота)17) Aviation medicine: drill( физическое)18) Makarov: tutorial -
46 обучение в школе
1) General subject: school service, schooling2) Military: attendance at school3) Sociology: formal training (училище и т. д.) -
47 повышенная подготовка
1) Aviation: advanced training2) Military: advanced schoolingУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > повышенная подготовка
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48 полицейская служба
1) Military: police schooling (как учебный предмет), police science (как учебный предмет)2) Law: enforcement arm, police services3) Business: police serviceУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > полицейская служба
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49 продолжительность обучения
1) Military: training time2) Economy: duration of training, years of schooling3) University: length of apprenticeshipУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > продолжительность обучения
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50 szkoła
szkoła podstawowa — primary (BRIT) lub elementary (US) school
szkoła średnia — secondary (BRIT) lub high (US) school
* * *f.Gen.pl. -ół1. ( instytucja) school; szkoła podstawowa US elementary school; Br. primary school; szkoła średnia l. ponadpodstawowa US high school; Br. secondary school; szkoła pomaturalna college of further education, further education college; szkoła policealna post-secondary school; ( zawodowa) vocational college; szkoła wyższa tertiary-level school; szkoła integracyjna integration school ( both for normally developing and special needs children); szkoła specjalna special school; szkoła społeczna community school; szkoła korespondencyjna correspondence school; distance learning center; Br. distance learning centre; szkoła wieczorowa night school, evening school; szkoła zawodowa vocational school; szkoła zbiorcza consolidation school; szkoła morska naval college; szkoła oficerska Military College; szkoła przetrwania survival school; chodzić do szkoły go to school.2. ( budynek) school, school building.3. ( uczniowie i nauczyciele) school; cała szkoła pojechała na wycieczkę the whole school went on a trip.4. (= doświadczenie, wiedza) schooling, training; być po dobrej szkole be well-trained; szkoła życia school of life; dać komuś szkołę pot. teach sb a lesson; zostać po szkole (np. by się pouczyć) stay after school; zaraz po szkole poszedł do pracy he went to work straight after school.5. (= metoda) school; szkoła Arystotelesa/flamandzka Aristotelian/Flemish school.6. muz. (= podręcznik) manual, handbook.The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > szkoła
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51 obligatoire
obligatoire [ɔbligatwaʀ]adjectivea. ( = à caractère d'obligation) compulsoryb. ( = inévitable) (inf) inevitable* * *ɔbligatwaʀ1) lit compulsory, obligatory2) (colloq) ( inévitable) inevitable* * *ɔbliɡatwaʀ adj(enseignement, inscription, port du casque, assurance) compulsory* * *obligatoire adj1 lit compulsory, obligatory; service militaire obligatoire compulsory military service; instruction obligatoire jusqu'à 16 ans compulsory education up to the age of 16; l'étude du latin n'est pas obligatoire Latin is not a compulsory subject; tenue de soirée obligatoire evening dress is obligatory; avoir un caractère obligatoire to be compulsory;2 ○( inévitable) inevitable; c'était obligatoire it was inevitable, it was bound to happen.[ɔbligatwar] adjectifle vaccin est obligatoire pour entrer à la maternelle children must be vaccinated before being admitted to infant school (UK) ou nursery school (US)‘tenue de soirée obligatoire’ formal dress required2. [inéluctable]un jour ou l'autre ils en viendront aux mains, c'est obligatoire one of these days they're bound to come to blows -
52 compulsory
verpflichtend, obligatorisch ( geh), Pflicht-;\compulsory attendance Anwesenheitspflicht f;\compulsory by law gesetzlich vorgeschrieben;\compulsory retirement Zwangspensionierung f;\compulsory military service [allgemeine] Wehrpflicht;\compulsory subject Pflichtfach nt;\compulsory vaccination Pflichtimpfung f -
53 eskola
iz.1.a. school Oharra: ikus oharra school sarreran ; \eskolan egon to be at school; \eskolara joan to go to school ; enpresari \eskola business school; lanbide \eskola trade school (GB), vocational school (USA) ; OHO \eskola elementary school; udako \eskola summer school; \eskola militar military academyb. [ izenen aurrean ] school-; \eskola-lanak schoolwork; \eskolaliburu school book; \eskola-maisu school teacher | schoolmaster; \eskola-porrot academic failurec. (irud.) euskara etxeko \eskolan ikasi zuen he learnt Basque at home2. ( klasea)a. ( irakasleak ematen dituen) class; \eskolak eman to give classes; matekmatikako \eskolaak ematen ditu unibertsitatean she give mathematics classes at the universityb. ( ikasleak hartzen dituena) class, study; etxekoen ezinez, \eskolak utzi zituen he quit his studies on account of family problemsc. (irud.) \eskola galdu to miss school \eskola piper egin; \eskola huts egin to cut classes | to play hooky, | to play truant3. ( hezkuntza, kultura) schooling; \eskola handiko gizona zen he was a highly educated man; bazuen \eskola eta handia, urte asko Oxforden egindakoa he was highly educated, having spent many years at Oxford; \eskola gutxiko gizona a man of little learning4. ( maisu baten doktrina, e.a.) school; Sarako \eskola the Sara school5. ( eredu) model; bere aitak \eskola ona izan zuen negozioetarako his father was a good example of how to do businessJakingarria: Britainia Handian, badaude eskola publikoak, alegia, state schools. Eskola pribatuak, oro har, independent schools dira. Public schools deritzanak ez dira publikoak, pribatuak baizik, eta beraietara joaten dira Britainia Handiko elitekoak, adib. "Eton" eta Harrow" dira ezagunenak. Estatu Batuetan, eskola publikoak public schools dira eta private schools eskola pribatuak Eskola pribatua katolikoa baldin bada, parochial school ere esaten zaio. -
54 подготовка
жен.1) (к чему-л.) preparation (for); training (for) ( обучение); drill воен.без подготовки — (экспромтом, сразу) extempore, impromptu, off the cuff, out of hand, off hand, unprepared
2) (в чем-л.; по чему-л.; запас знаний) grounding (in), schooling (in) -
55 школа
жен.1) school (в различных значениях); (тж. о здании) schoolhouseвысшая школа — university, college; higher education перен.
"дополнительная школа" (в Великобритании - для окончивших среднюю школу) — continuation classes
средняя школа — secondary school; high school
суровая школа жизни — the hard/stern school of life
пройти суровую жизненную школу — to pass through the hard/stern school of life
вечерняя школа — evening school, night school, night-school
лесная школа — country boarding school (для детей с заболеваниями)
начальная школа — elementary/primary school
школа медсестер — амер. nursing school
2) schooling, trainingпройти хорошую школу — to get systematic training, to be well trained; перен. to gain wisdom by experience
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56 instruction
1. n обучение, преподавание2. n инструктаж, инструктирование3. n амер. наказ4. n полит. императивный мандат; директива голосовать за кандидата или мероприятие5. n образование, образованность, знания6. n обыкн. инструкции, указания, директивы; приказания, распоряжения7. n юр. наказ присяжным8. n тех. руководство; техническая инструкция9. n вчт. команда, инструкция, программаСинонимический ряд:1. education (noun) education; erudition; knowledge; learning; scholarship; science2. illumination (noun) edification; enlightenment; illumination3. order (noun) behest; bidding; charge; command; commandment; dictate; direction; directive; injunction; mandate; order; word4. teaching (noun) coaching; drill; exercise; indoctrination; pedagogy; schooling; teaching; training; tuition; tutelage; tutoring -
57 compulsory
compulsory [kəm'pʌlsərɪ](a) (obligatory) obligatoire;∎ military service/Latin is compulsory le service militaire/le latin est obligatoire;(b) (compelling) irrésistible(d) (coercive) coercitif;2 noun∎ the compulsories les figures fpl imposées►► compulsory education enseignement m obligatoire;Finance compulsory liquidation liquidation f forcée;compulsory powers pouvoirs mpl coercitifs;British Administration compulsory purchase expropriation f pour cause d'utilité publique;compulsory purchase order ordre m d'expropriation;Industry compulsory redundancy licenciement m sec;compulsory retirement mise f à la retraite d'office;Law compulsory sale adjudication f forcée;compulsory schooling scolarisation f obligatoire -
58 home
home [həʊm]maison ⇒ 1 (a) chez-soi ⇒ 1 (a) foyer ⇒ 1 (b) patrie ⇒ 1 (c) habitat ⇒ 1 (d) arrivée ⇒ 1 (f) début ⇒ 1 (g) chez soi ⇒ 2 (a) au pays natal ⇒ 2 (b) à fond ⇒ 2 (c) familial ⇒ 3 (a) à/pour la maison ⇒ 3 (b) national ⇒ 3 (c), 3 (d)1 noun∎ I've come straight from home je viens (directement) de chez moi;∎ a home from home un second chez-soi;∎ I left home at sixteen j'ai quitté la maison à seize ans;∎ her home is not far from mine sa maison n'est pas loin de chez moi;∎ he insulted me in my own home! il m'a insulté sous mon propre toit!;∎ to have a home of one's own avoir un foyer ou un chez-soi;∎ how long has he been missing from home? depuis combien de temps a-t-il disparu de la maison?;∎ to be away from home être parti ou absent ou en voyage;∎ he was found far away from home on l'a trouvé loin de chez lui;∎ his home is in Nice il habite Nice;∎ Glasgow is her second home Glasgow est sa deuxième patrie;∎ New York will always be home for me! c'est toujours à New York que je me sentirai chez moi!;∎ when did she make her home in Hollywood? quand s'est-elle installée à Hollywood?;∎ emigrants came to make their homes in Canada des émigrés sont venus s'installer au Canada;∎ to give sb a home recueillir qn chez soi;∎ they sell lovely things for the home ils vendent toutes sortes de très jolis accessoires pour la maison;∎ they have a lovely home! c'est très agréable chez eux!;∎ at home chez soi, à la maison;∎ to stay at home rester à la maison;∎ come and see me at home passez me voir à la maison;∎ formal Mrs Carr is not at home on Mondays Mme Carr ne reçoit pas le lundi;∎ there was nobody at home il n'y avait personne à la maison;∎ make yourself at home faites comme chez vous;∎ he made himself at home in the chair il s'est mis à l'aise dans le fauteuil;∎ I don't feel at home here je me sens dépaysé ici, je ne me sens pas chez moi ici;∎ she feels at home everywhere! elle est à l'aise partout!;∎ to be or to feel at home with sth se sentir à l'aise avec qch;∎ he doesn't yet feel at home with the machine il n'est pas encore à l'aise avec la machine;∎ I work out of or at home je travaille à domicile ou chez moi;∎ familiar what's that when it's at home? qu'est-ce que c'est que ça?;∎ ironic don't you have a home to go to? tu as l'intention de passer la nuit ici?;∎ proverb there's no place like home = on n'est vraiment bien que chez soi;∎ proverb home is where the heart is = où le cœur aime, là est le foyer;∎ home sweet home foyer, doux foyer∎ the father left home le père a abandonné le foyer;∎ to start or to set up a home fonder un foyer;∎ how are things at home? comment ça va chez toi?;∎ are you having problems at home? est-ce que tu as des problèmes chez toi?;∎ a happy home une famille heureuse;∎ he comes from a good home il vient d'une famille comme il faut;∎ good home wanted for three kittens (on notice) je donne trois chatons(c) (native land) patrie f, pays m natal;∎ it's the same at home c'est la même chose chez nous ou dans notre pays;∎ at home and abroad dans notre pays et à l'étranger;∎ figurative this discussion is getting a bit close to home! on aborde un sujet dangereux!;∎ let's look at a situation closer to or nearer home examinons une situation qui nous concerne plus directement;∎ Kentucky, the home of bourbon Kentucky, le pays du bourbon;∎ the home of jazz le berceau du jazz(e) (mental hospital) maison f de repos; (old people's home) maison f de retraite; (children's home) foyer m pour enfants∎ they play better at home ils jouent mieux sur leur terrain;∎ Arsenal are playing at home on Saturday Arsenal joue à domicile samedi;∎ to be at home to recevoir;∎ the Rams meet the Braves at home les Rams jouent à domicile contre les Braves2 adverb(a) (to or at one's house) chez soi, à la maison;∎ to go home rentrer (chez soi ou à la maison);∎ what time did you get home? à quelle heure est-ce que tu es rentré?;∎ I'd better be getting home je crois qu'il est temps que je rentre chez moi;∎ it's on my way home c'est sur mon chemin;∎ she'll be home tonight elle sera à la maison ce soir;∎ American to be home alone être tout seul à la maison;∎ to see sb home raccompagner qn jusque chez lui/elle;∎ to take sb home ramener qn chez lui/elle;∎ Fido, home! Fido, rentre ou à la maison!;∎ familiar it's nothing to write home about ça ne casse rien;(b) (from abroad) au pays natal, au pays;∎ when did you get or come home? quand es-tu rentré?;∎ to send sb home rapatrier qn;∎ the grandparents want to go or to return home les grands-parents veulent rentrer dans leur pays(c) (all the way) à fond;∎ to drive a nail home enfoncer un clou jusqu'au bout;∎ the remark really went home le commentaire a fait mouche;∎ to push home one's advantage profiter au maximum d'un avantage;∎ it will come home to him some day il s'en rendra compte un jour;∎ to bring sth home to sb faire comprendre ou voir qch à qn(a) (concerning family, household → life) de famille, familial; (→ for family consumption) familial, à usage familial(b) (to, for, at one's house) à ou pour la maison∎ to be on home ground (near home) être en pays de connaissance; figurative (familiar subject) être en terrain connuour home ground notre terrain;∎ when they play at their home ground quand ils jouent sur leur terrain, quand ils reçoivent(person, animal) revenir ou rentrer chez soi; (pigeon) revenir au colombierComputing home automation domotique f;Banking home banking banque f à domicile;Obstetrics home birth accouchement m à la maison;home brewing (of beer) fabrication f de bière chez soi; American (illegal distilling) = distillation clandestine d'alcool chez soi;home cleaning products produits mpl ménagers;British home comforts confort m du foyer;Computing home computer ordinateur m familial;Computing home computing informatique f à domicile;home cooking cuisine f familiale;the Home Counties = l'ensemble des comtés limitrophes de Londres, à la population aisée et conservatrice;home country pays m natal;∎ the home country le pays;home decorating décoration f intérieure;home delivery livraison f à domicile;home ec (UNCOUNT) économie f domestique;home economist spécialiste mf d'économie domestique;home front (during war) arrière m;∎ on the home front à l'arrière;∎ what's the news on the home front? (in the home country) quelles sont les nouvelles du pays?;∎ how are things on the home front? (at home) comment ça va à la maison?;home game match m à domicile;British History the Home Guard = section de volontaires de l'armée britannique restée sur le territoire pour le défendre en cas d'invasion;British home help aide f ménagère;home improvements travaux mpl de rénovation;Finance home improvement loan prêt m pour travaux de rénovation;home journey voyage m de retour;Computing home key touche f début;home life vie f de famille;Finance home loan prêt m immobilier, prêt m d'épargne-logement;home movie film m d'amateur;home news nouvelles fpl nationales;Politics the Home Office = le ministère britannique de l'Intérieur;American Commerce home office (of company) siège m social;home owner propriétaire mf;home ownership = fait d'être propriétaire de son logement;∎ home ownership is increasing le nombre des personnes propriétaires de leur logement augmente;Computing home page (initial page) page f d'accueil; (start page in browser) page f d'accueil; (personal page) page f personnelle;Marketing home party selling vente f domiciliaire;home plate Sport (in baseball) bâton m, = plaque qui marque le début et la fin du parcours que doit effectuer le batteur pour marquer un point;Nautical home port port m d'attache;Economics home products produits mpl nationaux ou domestiques;home remedy remède m de bonne femme;Home Rule History (in Ireland) = gouvernement autonome de l'Irlande;home rule (devolution) décentralisation f;home run Sport (in baseball) coup m de circuit (coup de batte qui permet au batteur de marquer un point en faisant un tour complet en une seule fois); figurative (last leg of trip) dernière étape f du circuit;∎ the ship/the delivery truck is on its home run le navire/le camion rentre à son port d'attache/au dépôt;School home schooling scolarisation f à domicile;Politics Home Secretary = ministre de l'Intérieur en Grande-Bretagne;Commerce home shopping téléachat m;figurative British home straight, American home stretch dernière ligne f droite;∎ they're on or in the home straight ils sont dans la dernière ligne droite;Sport home team l'équipe f qui reçoit;home time = heure où l'on rentre à la maison;home town (of birth) ville f natale;∎ (of upbringing) his home town la ville où il a grandi;home truth vérité f désagréable;∎ to tell sb a few home truths dire ses (quatre) vérités à qn;∎ I learnt some home truths about myself j'ai appris quelques vérités désagréables sur moi-même;home video = film vidéo réalisé par un particulier, généralement sur sa vie de famille;∎ to watch sb's home videos regarder les cassettes vidéo filmées par qn;home visit (by doctor) visite f à domicile;home waters (territorial) eaux fpl territoriales; (near home port) eaux fpl voisines du port d'attache;Sport home win victoire f à domicile(a) (of missile) se diriger (automatiquement) sur ou vers; (proceed towards → goal) se diriger vers; figurative mettre le cap sur(b) (direct attention to → problem, solution) mettre l'accent sur; (→ difficulty, question) viser, cerner;∎ I made one mistake and he homed in on it je n'ai fait qu'une seule faute mais il s'est fait un plaisir de me la faire remarquerⓘ HOME RULE On désigne ainsi le régime d'autonomie revendiqué par l'Irlande entre 1870 et 1914. Après plusieurs tentatives, une loi sur l'autonomie partielle fut votée en 1914. La mise en vigueur de cette loi, déjà compromise par l'opposition des protestants unionistes de l'Ulster, fut reportée lorsque la Première Guerre mondiale éclata en août 1914. À la suite de l'insurrection de Pâques à Dublin en 1916, les partisans du "Home Rule" revendiquèrent l'autonomie totale. La guerre pour l'indépendance (1918-21) aboutit au traité anglo-irlandais de 1921, qui établit la partition de l'île entre l'Irlande du Sud qui devenait quasiment indépendante et l'Irlande du Nord qui devait rester rattachée à la Grande-Bretagne.ⓘ Don't try this at home Il s'agit d'un conseil donné aux spectateurs dans les émissions de télévision dans lesquelles figurent des tours dangereux et des cascades. Aujourd'hui, cette formule ("n'essayez pas de faire cela chez vous") est toujours utilisée par les présentateurs de télévision avec une pointe d'ironie et d'une manière plus générale par toute personne qui est sur le point de tenter quelque chose de dangereux. -
59 Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 6 April 1890 Kediri, Java, Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia)d. 23 December 1939 New York, USA[br]Dutch designer of German fighter aircraft during the First World War and of many successful airliners during the 1920s and 1930s.[br]Anthony Fokker was born in Java, where his Dutch father had a coffee plantation. The family returned to the Netherlands and, after schooling, young Anthony went to Germany to study aeronautics. With the aid of a friend he built his first aeroplane, the Spin, in 1910: this was a monoplane capable of short hops. By 1911 Fokker had improved the Spin and gained a pilot's licence. In 1912 he set up a company called Fokker Aeroplanbau at Johannistal, outside Berlin, and a series of monoplanes followed.When war broke out in 1914 Fokker offered his designs to both sides, and the Germans accepted them. His E I monoplane of 1915 caused a sensation with its manoeuvrability and forward-firing machine gun. Fokker and his collaborators improved on the French deflector system introduced by Raymond Saulnier by fitting an interrupter gear which synchronized the machine gun to fire between the blades of the rotating propeller. The Fokker Dr I triplane and D VII biplane were also outstanding German fighters of the First World War. Fokker's designs were often the work of an employee who received little credit: nevertheless, Fokker was a gifted pilot and a great organizer. After the war, Fokker moved back to the Netherlands and set up the Fokker Aircraft Works in Amsterdam. In 1922, however, he emigrated to the USA and established the Atlantic Aircraft Corporation in New Jersey. His first significant success there came the following year when one of his T-2 monoplanes became the first aircraft to fly non-stop across the USA, from New York to San Diego. He developed a series of civil aircraft using the well-proven method of construction he used for his fighters: fuselages made from steel tubes and thick, robust wooden wings. Of these, probably the most famous was the F VII/3m, a high-wing monoplane with three engines and capable of carrying about ten passengers. From 1925 the F VII/3m airliner was used worldwide and made many record-breaking flights, such as Lieutenant-Commander Richard Byrd's first flight over the North Pole in 1926 and Charles Kingsford-Smith's first transpacific flight in 1928. By this time Fokker had lost interest in military aircraft and had begun to see flight as a means of speeding up global communications and bringing people together. His last years were spent in realizing this dream, and this was reflected in his concentration on the design and production of passenger aircraft.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRoyal Netherlands Aeronautical Society Gold Medal 1932.Bibliography1931, The Flying Dutchman: The Life of Anthony Fokker, London: Routledge \& Sons (an interesting, if rather biased, autobiography).Further ReadingA.R.Weyl, 1965, Fokker: The Creative Years, London; reprinted 1988 (a very detailed account of Fokker's early work).Thijs Postma, 1979, Fokker: Aircraft Builders to the World, Holland; 1980, English edn, London (a well-illustrated history of Fokker and the company).Henri Hegener, 1961, Fokker: The Man and His Aircraft, Letchworth, Herts.JDS / CMBiographical history of technology > Fokker, Anthony Herman Gerard
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60 Krylov, Alexei Nicolaevitch
SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping[br]b. 15 August 1863 Visyoger, Siberiad. 26 October 1945 Leningrad (now St Petersburg), Russia[br]Russian academician and naval architect) exponent of a rigorous mathematical approach to the study of ship motions.[br]After schooling in France and Germany, Krylov returned to St Petersburg (as it then was) and in 1878 entered the Naval College. Upon graduating, he started work with the Naval Hydrographic Department; the combination of his genius and breadth of interest became apparent, and from 1888 until 1890 he undertook simultaneously a two-year university course in mathematics and a naval architecture course at his old college. On completion of his formal studies, Krylov commenced fifty years of service to the academic bodies of St Petersburg, including eight years as Superintendent of the Russian Admiralty Ship Model Experiment Tank. For many years he was Professor of Naval Architecture in the city, reorganizing the methods of teaching of his profession in Russia. It was during this period that he laid the foundations of his remarkable research and published the first of his many books destined to become internationally accepted in the fields of waves, rolling, ship motion and vibration. Practical work was not overlooked: he was responsible for the design of many vessels for the Imperial Russian Navy, including the battleships Sevastopol and Petropavlovsk, and went on, as Director of Naval Construction, to test anti-rolling tanks aboard military vessels in the North Atlantic in 1913. Following the Revolution, Krylov was employed by the Soviet Union to re-establish scientific links with other European countries, and on several occasions he acted as Superintendent in the procurement of important technical material from overseas. In 1919 he was appointed Head of the Marine Academy, and from then on participated in many scientific conferences and commissions, mainly in the shipbuilding field, and served on the Editorial Board of the well-respected Russian periodical Sudostroenie (Shipbuilding). The breadth of his personal research was demonstrated by the notable contributions he made to the Russian development of the gyro compass.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsMember, Russian Academy of Science 1814. Royal Institution of Naval Architects Gold Medal 1898. State Prize of the Soviet Union (first degree). Stalin Premium for work on compass deviation.BibliographyKrylov published more than 500 books, papers and articles; these have been collected and published in twelve volumes by the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. 1942, My Memories (autobiography).AK / FMWBiographical history of technology > Krylov, Alexei Nicolaevitch
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