mergō

mergŭlus, i, m. [mergo], the wick of a lamp: mergulus, elluchnion, Gloss. Gr. and Lat.

mergŭlus, i, m. dim. [mergus], a diver, a kind of bird, Vulg. Lev. 11, 17; id. Deut. 14, 17.

mergus, i, m. [mergo].

A diver, a kind of water-fowl, Varr. L. L. 5, § 78 Müll.:

praesagiunt pluviam mergi,

Plin. 18, 35, 87, § 362:

mergi maria fugientes,

id. ib.; Ov. M. 8, 625; cf.: aequor amat;

nomenque tenet, quia mergitur illo,

id. ib. 11, 795; Hor. Epod. 10, 22.—Jestingly:

mergus agrarius, of one who is eager to possess lands,

Capitol. Pertin. 9.—

A vine-layer, Col. 4, 15, 1; Pall. 3, 16, 1.

sum-mergo ( subm-), si, sum, 3, v. a., to dip or plunge under, to sink, overwhelm, submerge, submerse.

Lit. (class.; most freq. pass.):

summersus equus voraginibus,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73:

genera summersarum beluarum,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 100:

salgama semper jure summersa,

Col. 12, 4, 5: navis summersa, * Caes. B. C. 3, 39:

ferrum summersum in undā, Ov M. 12, 279: ipsos potuit summergere ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 40:

quod (saxum) tumidis submersum tunditur olim Fluctibus,

id. ib. 5, 125:

aliquot procellis summersi paene sumus,

Liv. 24, 8, 13:

summersas obrue puppes,

Verg. A. 1, 69:

navem,

Tac. A. 14, 5: omnes quondam terrae [p. 1801] submersae profundo fuerunt, Just. 2, 1, 17. —

Trop. (post-class. and very rare):

virtus summersa tenebris, Claud. lV. Cons. Hon. 221: publicatam summergere lectionem,

to suppress, Arn. 3, 104.

sum-mergo ( subm-), si, sum, 3, v. a., to dip or plunge under, to sink, overwhelm, submerge, submerse.

Lit. (class.; most freq. pass.):

summersus equus voraginibus,

Cic. Div. 1, 33, 73:

genera summersarum beluarum,

id. N. D. 2, 39, 100:

salgama semper jure summersa,

Col. 12, 4, 5: navis summersa, * Caes. B. C. 3, 39:

ferrum summersum in undā, Ov M. 12, 279: ipsos potuit summergere ponto,

Verg. A. 1, 40:

quod (saxum) tumidis submersum tunditur olim Fluctibus,

id. ib. 5, 125:

aliquot procellis summersi paene sumus,

Liv. 24, 8, 13:

summersas obrue puppes,

Verg. A. 1, 69:

navem,

Tac. A. 14, 5: omnes quondam terrae [p. 1801] submersae profundo fuerunt, Just. 2, 1, 17. —

Trop. (post-class. and very rare):

virtus summersa tenebris, Claud. lV. Cons. Hon. 221: publicatam summergere lectionem,

to suppress, Arn. 3, 104.

[V]

FUNERO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

ABSCONDO (-ERE -CONDI -CONDITUM)

HUMO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

SEPELIO (-IRE -PELIVI -PULTUM)

CONFUNERO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

TUMULO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

EFFERO (EFFERRE EXTULI ELATUM)

ECFERO (ECFERRE EXTULI ELATUM)

INFERO (INFERRE INTULI ILLATUM)

PREMO (-ERE PRESSI PRESSUM)

COMPONO (-ERE -POSUI -POSITUM)

CONPONO (-ERE -POSUI -POSITUM)

DEFODIO (-ERE -FODI -FOSSUM)

INFODIO (-ERE -FODI -FOSSUM)

OBRUO (-ERE -RUI -RUTUM)

SUPPONO (-ERE -POSUI -POSITUM)

SUBPONO (-ERE -POSUI -POSITUM)

LIRO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

ABDO (-ERE -DIDI -DITUM)

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

TEGO (-ERE TEXI TECTUM)

ABSCONDEO (-ERE -UI -ITUS)

ADOBRUO (-ERE -UI -UTUS)

ADRUO (-ERE -UI -UTUS)

APSCONDO (-ERE -I -ITUS)

ARRUO (-ERE -I -TUS)

CONTUMULO (-ARE -AVI -ATUS)

SEPELEO (-ERE -EVI -ETUS)

SEPELO (-ERE -I -ITUS)

- THAT MAY BE BURIED

[V]

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

MERSO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

IMMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

INMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

DEMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUBMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUMMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUPPRIMO (-ERE -PRESSI -PRESSUM)

SUBPRIMO (-ERE -PRESSI -PRESSUM)

TINGO (-ERE TINXI TINCTUM)

TINGUO (-ERE TINXI TINCTUM)

SUPPONO (-ERE -POSUI -POSITUM)

SUBPONO (-ERE -POSUI -POSITUM)

LACUNO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

[N]

ANAS (-ATIS) (F)

ANATINA (-AE) (F)

ANETINA (-AE) (F)

[V]

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

- OF A DUCK

[V]

IMMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

INMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

[V]

IMMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

INMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

BAPTIZO (-ARE -AVI -ATUS)

[V]

OBRUO (-ERE -RUI -RUTUM)

SUPEROBRUO (-ERE -RUI -RUTUM)

OPPRIMO (-ERE -PRESSI -PRESSUM)

INCEDO (-ERE -CESSI -CESSUM)

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

OPERIO (-IRE -PERUI -PERTUM)

INCIDO (-ERE -CIDI)

OBSTREPO (-ERE -PUI -PITUM)

OPSTREPO (-ERE -PUI -PITUM)

PROFLIGO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

ONERO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

INCURSO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

COPERIO (-IRE -RUI -TUS)

DEGLUTIO (-IRE -IVI -ITUS)

DEGLUTTIO (-IRE -IVI -ITUS)

[V]

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

SUMMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUBMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

MERSO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

DEMITTO (-ERE -MISI -MISSUM)

EMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

CONDO (-ERE -DIDI -DITUM)

SUBDO (-ERE -DIDI -DITUM)

ABDO (-ERE -DIDI -DITUM)

[N]

CONFLUVIUM (-I) (N)

[V]

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

ILLABOR (-LABI -LAPSUS SUM)

INLABOR (-LABI -LAPSUS SUM)

DEMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUBMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUMMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

SUPPRIMO (-ERE -PRESSI -PRESSUM)

SUBPRIMO (-ERE -PRESSI -PRESSUM)

DEPRIMO (-ERE -PRESSI -PRESSUM)

PESSUM EO

PESSUM SIDO

CADO (-ERE CECIDI CASUM)

DECIDO (-ERE -CIDI)

CONCIDO (-ERE -CIDI)

LABOR (LABI LAPSUS SUM)

DELABOR (-LABI -LAPSUS SUM)

SUCCUMBO (-ERE -CUBUI -CUBITUM)

LABO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

VERGO (-ERE)

FLUO (-ERE FLUXI FLUXUM)

DEMITTO (-ERE -MISI -MISSUM)

PESSUM DO

PESSUM PREMO

OBRUO (-ERE -RUI -RUTUM)

PERFRINGO (-ERE -FREGI -FRACTUM)

PERFORO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

PERSIDO (-ERE -SEDI -SESSUM)

CLINO (-ARE -AVI -ATUS)

DEGRASSOR (-ARI -ATUS SUM)

PESSUNDO (-ARE -DEDI -DATUS)

SUBLABOR (-LABI -LAPSUS SUM)

- LET SINK

[N]

PALUS (-UDIS) (F)

LAMA (-AE) (F)

STAGNUM (-I) (N)

LUSTRUM (-I) (N)

[V]

INUNDO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

OBRUO (-ERE -RUI -RUTUM)

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

DEMERGO (-ERE -MERSI -MERSUM)

[A]

MERSUS (-A -UM)

[N]

ICTUS (-US) (M)

IMPETUS (-US) (M)

IMPES (-PETIS) (M)

INPES (-PETIS) (M)

INPETUS (-US) (M)

MANUS (-US) (F)

PETITIO (-ONIS) (F)

IMPRESSIO (-ONIS) (F)

INPRESSIO (-ONIS) (F)

QUASSATIO (-ONIS) (F)

ADACTUS (-US) (M)

[V]

TRUDO (-ERE TRUSI TRUSUM)

TRANSFORO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

TRUSO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

IMPELLO (-ERE -PULI -PULSUM)

INPELLO (-ERE -PULI -PULSUM)

MERGO (-ERE MERSI MERSUM)

INGERO (-ERE -GESSI -GESTUM)

DETRUDO (-ERE -TRUSI -TRUSUM)

PERFODIO (-ERE -FODI -FOSSUM)

TRANSFIGO (-ERE -FIXI -FIXUM)

TRANSFODIO (-ERE -FODI -FOSSUM)

TRANSUO (-ERE -SUI -SUTUM)

TRANSVERBERO (-ARE -AVI -ATUM)

TRANSIGO (-ERE -EGI -ACTUM)

PELLO (-ERE PEPULI PULSUM)

PAELLO (-ERE PAEPULI PULSUM)

CONICIO (-ERE -IECI -IECTUM)

CONJICIO (-ERE -JECI -JECTUM)

TRANSMITTO (-ERE -MISI -MISSUM)

TRAMITTO (-ERE -MISI -MISSUM)

OBSTRUDO (-ERE -TRUSI -TRUSUM)

OPSTRUDO (-ERE -TRUSI -TRUSUM)

OBTRUDO (-ERE -TRUSI -TRUSUM)

DEFENDO (-ERE -FENDI -FENSUM)

COICIO (-ERE COJECI COJECTUS)

- ONE WHO THRUSTS ASIDE

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `mix, bring together, connect', midd. `mix with each other, convene in battle' (Il.).

Other forms: (- μιγ-, s. below; posthom.), - ύω (X., Arist.), μίσγω (Hom., IA. usw.), ὀνεμείχνυτο (Sapph.), aor. μεῖξαι, midd. (ep.) μίκτο (σ- or root aor., Schwyzer 751, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 383), pass. μιγῆναι with fut. - ήσομαι, μ(ε)ιχθῆναι with - ήσομαι, fut. μείξω, - ομαι, perf. midd. μέμ(ε)ιγμαι; act. (hell.) μέμιχα.

Compounds: Very often with prefix, e.g συν-, ἐπι-, κατα-, ἀνα-. As 1. member in governing compp. μ(ε)ιξ(ο)-, e.g. μιξ-έλληνες pl. `mixed-, halfhellenes' (Hellanik., hell.), μ(ε)ιξό-θροος `mixing the crying, with mixed crys' (A.); also μισγ-, esp in μισγ-άγκεια f. `place, where clefts meet' (Δ 453), from *μισγ-αγκής, s. Schwyzer 442, Sommer Nominalkomp. 174 f., Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 15. As 2. member in παμ-, ἀνα-, συμ-μιγής etc. (IA.); from there μιγής (Nic-.; Schwyzer 426 a. 513), ἀνα-, ἐπι-μίξ adv. `mixed' (Il.).

Derivatives: Few derivv. 1. ( σύμ-) μεῖξις (- ι-) `mixing etc.' (IA.; Holt Les noms d'action en - σις 100 A. 2); 2. μεῖγμα (- ί-) `mixing' (Emp., Anaxag., Arist.; μεῖχμ[α] Alc.); 3. ἐπιμ(ε)ιξία, - ίη `mixing, intercourse' (IA.); from ἐπίμ(ε)ικ-τος. 4. μιγάς, - άδος m. f. `mixed, together' (Att.). 5. Several adverbs: ( σύμ-)μίγα, μιγά-δην, - δις, μίγ-δα, - δην (ep. poet.). 6. μιγάζομαι `mix, unite' (θ 271: μίγα, μιγάς; Schwyzer 734).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [714] *meiǵ\/ḱ- `mix'.

Etymology: Whether μίγνυμι, which is fequent in mss., is an original zero grade, is very doubtful. Prob. μείγνυμι, built after μεῖξαι, μείξω was early (Schwyzer 697 w. n. 5). Also for other, in principle zero grade forms ( μίξις, ( σύμ) - μικτος, μέμιγμαι) the full grade is often found, μεῖξις etc. For the media in μίσγω, if from *μίγ-σκ-ω (diff. Wackernagel KZ 33, 39 = Kl. Schr. 1, 718: from *μι-μσγ-ω to Lat. mergō etc.), μιγῆναι, μίγα all other languages have tenuis, IE *m(e)iḱ-: Skt. miś-rá- = Lith. mìš-ras `mixed', Balt., e.g. Lith. miešiù, miẽšti `mix', Slav. (caus.), e.g. OCS měšǫ, měšiti `mix'. An iranian maēz- (IE *meiǵ-) in the sense of `mix', adopted by Smith Lang. 4, 178ff. because of Y. 44, 20, does not exist, s. Humbach Münch. Stud. 2, 7, where de form is connected from maēz- `urinate'. A sḱ-present is also well represented in the West: Lat. misceō, OIr. mesc(a)id `mixes, dips in, confuses', Germ., e.g. OHG miscan, NHG mischen (if not Lat. LW [loanword]). The νυ-present however is limited to Greek (so prob. innovation). The nasalinfixed GAv. minaš-, mostly rendered as `you shall mix' (pres. myāsa-), is by Humbach l.c. also derived from maēz- `urinate'. Indian has a reduplicated s-formation in mí-mikṣ-ati `mix' (prob. prop. desiderative), with perf. mimikṣé, caus. mekṣayati. On themselves stand the full grade forms Skt. pres. myakṣati = Av. myāsa-; on the root analysis s. Kuiper Nasalpräs. 123. Also the aorist μεῖξαι is isolated as well as μιγῆναι and the other forms with γ, which is prob. due to assimilation. -- Details in WP. 2, 244f., Pok.714, W. -Hofmann and Ernout-Meillet s. misceō, Fraenkel s. miẽšti, Vasmer s. mesítь.

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