make-work

סָרַג(b. h. שָׂרַג; Saf. of אָרַג), Pi. סֵירֵג (to interlace, plait, to strap (in zig-zag); to girth. Kel. XVI, 1 משיְסָרֵג בהוכ׳ from the time he made three meshes of girthing. Tosef. ib. B. Bath.I, 12 סֵירְגֹו במשיחיתוכ׳ if he strapped it (the disjointed frame) with cords Ib. B. Mets.IX, 4 (read:) שהוא מְסָרֵג בו את המטה with which one girths the bedstead. M. Kat. I, 8 ומסָרְגִין את המטות you may girth the bedsteads (during the festive week). Y.Ber.III, beg.5d, a. e. כל שמסרגין עלוכ׳ a bedstead on which the girths are drawn on top is called miṭṭah, when drawn beneath, dargesh; Ned.56b (v. אַבְקָתָא); a. fr.Trnsf. a) to unite, combine. Gen. R. s. 85 (ref. to the chronological disorder in the Book of Daniel, in going from Belshazzar (ch. 5) to Darius (ch. 6), again to the first year of B. (ch. 7), and to the third year of B. (ch. 8) unite כדי לסָרֵג עלוכ׳ in order to combine the entire section as one written in the spirit of holiness; Yalk. ib. 144; Yalk. Dan. 1063 לִסְרֹוג (perh. to be read לסָרֵיג).b) to make a partition by means of net-work, like lattices Tosef.Men. X, 23 ומסרגין שם כנגדוכ׳ and there they fence in an area of about three Sah.Part. pass. מְסֹורָג. Ber.57b, v. next w. 2) to do a thing in a manner in which straps are drawn in bedsteads, i. e. in zig-zag; to skip. Tosef.Nidd.IX, 3 סֵירְגָה להוכ׳ if she skipped four days (beyond the ordinary period of menstruation); Nidd.64a סירגה ליוםוכ׳ if she skipped (from the twenty-first) to the twenty-fourth day. Y.Gitt.VII, 48c bot. ובלבד במְסָרְגִין לו provided they put cross-questions to him alternately (one question to which a positive, and one to which a negative answer are expected, so as to test his sanity).Part. pass. מְסֹורָג; f. מְסֹורֶגֶת; pl. מְסֹורָגִים, מְסֹורָגִין; מְסֹורָגֹות. Mekh. Yithro, Baḥod. s. 6 (read as;) Yalk. Ex. 292 (ref. to Ex. 20:5) בזמן שהן אינן מסורגין או בזמן שהן מס׳ (not מסרגין) are the sins of the fathers visited upon the children when the succession is uninterrupted, or even when interrupted (by a good generation)? Y.Snh.I, 19c bot. מס׳ עלו the differently marked ballots came up alternately. Tosef.Nidd.IX, 13, v. סֵירוּג.Trnsf. a) to write in broken lines (leaving a vacant space in the middle of the line); to spread. Treat. Sofrim I, 11 מְסָרְגֹווכ׳ he spreads the writing so as to make a small column of it.Part. pass. as ab. Ib. 10 רצוף שעשאו מס׳ או מס׳וכ׳ if he wrote in broken lines what is to be written in continuous lines or vice versa; או שעשה המס׳ שלא כהלכתו or if he did the spreading not in accordance with the rule.b) to trace cross-lines on stone, to carve designs. Pesik. ‘Ăniya, p. 137a> מְסָרְגִין בו carving it; Yalk. Is. 339 (omitted in Pesik. R. s. 3 2); v. סָתַת.V. סִירוּג. Hithpa. הִסְתָּרֵג to be provided with girths, be strapped. Ned.56b אי מטה מִסְתָּרֶגֶת על גבה if it be, that miṭṭah is a couch, the straps of which are drawn over the frame

פִּרְנֵס(enlargement of פָּרַן) to endow, provide, sustain, cultivate. B. Mets.69b אֲפַרְנְסֶנָּה I will improve the field, v. פָּרַן. Ex. R. s. 43, end לך פַּרְנְסָהּ ועשהוכ׳ go and improve it, and make a vineyard of it. Keth.V, 2 נותנין … לפַרְנֵס את עצמה a betrothed maiden is given twelve months time … to make her outfit; כך … לפרנס את עצמו so is the man allowed a certain time to prepare himself. Tosef.B. Mets.VII, 6 פַּרְנֵס לי מלאכהוכ׳ provide work for me on thy own property, or give me my wages ; a. fr.Esp. to provide with the necessaries of life; to support (from the charities). B. Bath.8a במה אֲפַרְנֶסְךָ on what claim shall I support thee?; פַּרְנְסֵנִי ככלבוכ׳ support me as you would a dog or a raven. Gitt.61a מְפַרְנְסִין עניי נכריםוכ׳ we are bound to support the gentile poor equally with the Jewish poor because of ‘the ways of peace, v. דֶּרֶךְ; Tosef. ib. V (III), 4; a. v. fr.B. Bath.14a פִּירְנַסְתָּה … צא ופַרְנֵס ארון לרחבו thou hast made provision (explained how) to fill up the Ark in its length, go and fill it in its width. Hithpa. הִתְפַּרְנֵס to be provided for, be supported; to support ones self. Kidd.IV, 14 והן מִתְפַּרְנְסִין שלא בצער and they (beasts and birds) are provided for without any trouble of their own; אינו דין שאֶתְפַּרְנֵסוכ׳ might it not be a proper inference that I (a human being) ought to be sustained without trouble? Keth.67b אין לו ואינו רוצה להִתְפּרְנֵסוכ׳ if a person has no means and refuses to be supported (from the charities). Ib. יש לו ואינו ואינו רוצה להתפרנס if a person has means but refuses to supply himself with the necessaries of life (preferring to starve himself). Ber.28a אי אתה יודע … מִתְפַּרְנְסִיםוכ׳ thou knowest nothing of the trouble of the scholars,how they support themselves and what they live on. Keth.68a הבנות ניזונות וּמִתְפַּרְנְסוֹתוכ׳ daughters must be fed and provided for (clothed) from their fathers estate. Ber.3b לכו והִתְפַּרְנְסוּ זה מזה go and support yourselves by dealing with one another; a. v. fr.

פִּרְנֵס(enlargement of פָּרַן) to endow, provide, sustain, cultivate. B. Mets.69b אֲפַרְנְסֶנָּה I will improve the field, v. פָּרַן. Ex. R. s. 43, end לך פַּרְנְסָהּ ועשהוכ׳ go and improve it, and make a vineyard of it. Keth.V, 2 נותנין … לפַרְנֵס את עצמה a betrothed maiden is given twelve months time … to make her outfit; כך … לפרנס את עצמו so is the man allowed a certain time to prepare himself. Tosef.B. Mets.VII, 6 פַּרְנֵס לי מלאכהוכ׳ provide work for me on thy own property, or give me my wages ; a. fr.Esp. to provide with the necessaries of life; to support (from the charities). B. Bath.8a במה אֲפַרְנֶסְךָ on what claim shall I support thee?; פַּרְנְסֵנִי ככלבוכ׳ support me as you would a dog or a raven. Gitt.61a מְפַרְנְסִין עניי נכריםוכ׳ we are bound to support the gentile poor equally with the Jewish poor because of ‘the ways of peace, v. דֶּרֶךְ; Tosef. ib. V (III), 4; a. v. fr.B. Bath.14a פִּירְנַסְתָּה … צא ופַרְנֵס ארון לרחבו thou hast made provision (explained how) to fill up the Ark in its length, go and fill it in its width. Hithpa. הִתְפַּרְנֵס to be provided for, be supported; to support ones self. Kidd.IV, 14 והן מִתְפַּרְנְסִין שלא בצער and they (beasts and birds) are provided for without any trouble of their own; אינו דין שאֶתְפַּרְנֵסוכ׳ might it not be a proper inference that I (a human being) ought to be sustained without trouble? Keth.67b אין לו ואינו רוצה להִתְפּרְנֵסוכ׳ if a person has no means and refuses to be supported (from the charities). Ib. יש לו ואינו ואינו רוצה להתפרנס if a person has means but refuses to supply himself with the necessaries of life (preferring to starve himself). Ber.28a אי אתה יודע … מִתְפַּרְנְסִיםוכ׳ thou knowest nothing of the trouble of the scholars,how they support themselves and what they live on. Keth.68a הבנות ניזונות וּמִתְפַּרְנְסוֹתוכ׳ daughters must be fed and provided for (clothed) from their fathers estate. Ber.3b לכו והִתְפַּרְנְסוּ זה מזה go and support yourselves by dealing with one another; a. v. fr.

צָרַךְ( to be narrow, to need, want. Y.Dem.II, beg.22b לא צָרְכוּ … ליתןוכ׳ the scholars had no need to describe them; צרכו … למנותן found it necessary to specify them; a. fr. Nif. נִצְרָךְ to be in need, be forced. B. Kam.50b נ׳ למכורוכ׳ he was obliged to sell his field; a. fr.Euphem. נ׳ לנקביו (or sub. לנקביו) to have a human need, v. נֶקֶב. Ber.23a. Ex. R. s. 9 בשעה שהוא נ׳ תפוש אותו surprise him when he is easing himself; a. fr.לא נִצְרְכָה אלא it would not have been necessary (to mention it) were it not in order to indicate (v. צְרִיךְ). B. Mets.30b; a. fr.Y.Ber.VII, 11b top לשני קטנים נצרכה it was necessary (to state the two seemingly contradictory opinions) for two kinds of minors (one sure, and one doubtful); Gen. R. s. 91. Hithpa. הִצְטָרֵךְ same, (with ל־) to be in need of, depend on. Taan.22b an individual must not impose fasts upon himself, שמא יִצְטָרֵךְוכ׳ lest he become dependent on men (become unable to work), and they will have no pity on him. Sabb.118a עשה … ואל תִּצְטָרֵךְוכ׳ rather make thy Sabbath a week-day (as regards festive meals) than be dependent on men; Pes.112a. B. Bath. 110a, v. עֲבוֹדָה; a. fr. Pi. צֵרֵךְ to have a need. Yalk. Job 927 המְצָרְכִים, v. צוֹרֶךְ. Hif. הִצְרִיךְ to cause to need, to declare bound, oblige. Taan.23b ברוך … שלאה׳וכ׳ blessed be the Lord that he put you beyond the need of Abba Hilkiahs prayer. Kidd.25a והִצְרִיכָהּר׳וכ׳ Rabbi decided that she must have another immersion; a. fr. Hof. הוּצְרַךְ to be needed; to be in need of, be forced. Men.79b אם הוּצְרְכוּ הוּצְרָכוּוכ׳ if they shall be needed (for the sacrifice intended), they shall be used; if not, they shall be otherwise employed; Keth.106b; Shebu.11a. Ib. תמידין שלא הוצרכו לצבור animals selected for daily offerings beyond the needed number. Yoma 67a מעולם לאה׳ אדם לכך it never happened that the messenger sent with the Azazel needed to make use of the offer of food. Num. R. s. 7 לא הוצרכו שיעשיאיםוכ׳ they had not to be forced, v. עָשָׂה; a. fr.

צָרַךְ( to be narrow, to need, want. Y.Dem.II, beg.22b לא צָרְכוּ … ליתןוכ׳ the scholars had no need to describe them; צרכו … למנותן found it necessary to specify them; a. fr. Nif. נִצְרָךְ to be in need, be forced. B. Kam.50b נ׳ למכורוכ׳ he was obliged to sell his field; a. fr.Euphem. נ׳ לנקביו (or sub. לנקביו) to have a human need, v. נֶקֶב. Ber.23a. Ex. R. s. 9 בשעה שהוא נ׳ תפוש אותו surprise him when he is easing himself; a. fr.לא נִצְרְכָה אלא it would not have been necessary (to mention it) were it not in order to indicate (v. צְרִיךְ). B. Mets.30b; a. fr.Y.Ber.VII, 11b top לשני קטנים נצרכה it was necessary (to state the two seemingly contradictory opinions) for two kinds of minors (one sure, and one doubtful); Gen. R. s. 91. Hithpa. הִצְטָרֵךְ same, (with ל־) to be in need of, depend on. Taan.22b an individual must not impose fasts upon himself, שמא יִצְטָרֵךְוכ׳ lest he become dependent on men (become unable to work), and they will have no pity on him. Sabb.118a עשה … ואל תִּצְטָרֵךְוכ׳ rather make thy Sabbath a week-day (as regards festive meals) than be dependent on men; Pes.112a. B. Bath. 110a, v. עֲבוֹדָה; a. fr. Pi. צֵרֵךְ to have a need. Yalk. Job 927 המְצָרְכִים, v. צוֹרֶךְ. Hif. הִצְרִיךְ to cause to need, to declare bound, oblige. Taan.23b ברוך … שלאה׳וכ׳ blessed be the Lord that he put you beyond the need of Abba Hilkiahs prayer. Kidd.25a והִצְרִיכָהּר׳וכ׳ Rabbi decided that she must have another immersion; a. fr. Hof. הוּצְרַךְ to be needed; to be in need of, be forced. Men.79b אם הוּצְרְכוּ הוּצְרָכוּוכ׳ if they shall be needed (for the sacrifice intended), they shall be used; if not, they shall be otherwise employed; Keth.106b; Shebu.11a. Ib. תמידין שלא הוצרכו לצבור animals selected for daily offerings beyond the needed number. Yoma 67a מעולם לאה׳ אדם לכך it never happened that the messenger sent with the Azazel needed to make use of the offer of food. Num. R. s. 7 לא הוצרכו שיעשיאיםוכ׳ they had not to be forced, v. עָשָׂה; a. fr.

מָרַדI (b. h.; denom. of מֶרֶד; cmp. מָעַל a. מַעַל) 1) to rebel, refuse obedience; to protest. Keth.V, 7 המוֹרֶדֶת על בעלה she who rebels against her husband (refusing marital duties; oth. opin. refusing to work). Ib. המוֹרֵד על אשתו a husband refusing marital duties (oth. opin. refusing to give her work and support); ib. 63b. Snh.49a, a. fr. מורד במלכות rebel.Meg.13a מ׳ בעצת מרגלים he (Caleb) protested against the counsel of the spies. Ib. מרדה בגילוליוכ׳ she refused homage to the idols of her fathers house; a. fr.Y.Maas. Sh. I, 52d top מטבע שמרד, read: של מֶרֶד or מָרוֹד, q. v. 2) to incite to rebellion. Gen. R. s. 23, v. infra. Hif. הִמְרִיד to make rebellious, to incite. Y.Keth.V, 30b bot. התורה הִמְרַדְתָּהּ עליו the Law requires her to be rebellious against him (to refuse sexual connection). Gen. R. s. 26 זה הִמְרִידָן עלי this man (Nimrod) made them rebel against me; ib. s. 23 זה המוֹרְדָן עלי (‘Rashi: המרידן).

מָרַדI (b. h.; denom. of מֶרֶד; cmp. מָעַל a. מַעַל) 1) to rebel, refuse obedience; to protest. Keth.V, 7 המוֹרֶדֶת על בעלה she who rebels against her husband (refusing marital duties; oth. opin. refusing to work). Ib. המוֹרֵד על אשתו a husband refusing marital duties (oth. opin. refusing to give her work and support); ib. 63b. Snh.49a, a. fr. מורד במלכות rebel.Meg.13a מ׳ בעצת מרגלים he (Caleb) protested against the counsel of the spies. Ib. מרדה בגילוליוכ׳ she refused homage to the idols of her fathers house; a. fr.Y.Maas. Sh. I, 52d top מטבע שמרד, read: של מֶרֶד or מָרוֹד, q. v. 2) to incite to rebellion. Gen. R. s. 23, v. infra. Hif. הִמְרִיד to make rebellious, to incite. Y.Keth.V, 30b bot. התורה הִמְרַדְתָּהּ עליו the Law requires her to be rebellious against him (to refuse sexual connection). Gen. R. s. 26 זה הִמְרִידָן עלי this man (Nimrod) made them rebel against me; ib. s. 23 זה המוֹרְדָן עלי (‘Rashi: המרידן).

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זוּלch. sam(זול Ito be of slight value, to be cheap; to be despicable, mean); perf. זָל, Part. זִיל, זֹול 1) to disregard. Targ. Y. II Gen. 16:5 (perh. fr. זְלַל). 2) to be worthless, cheap. Targ. Y. Deut. 28:68 בדמין זֹולִין for a low price.B. Mets.77a זל עבידתא (sub שכר) labor has become cheaper. Ib. זל עביד׳ מעיקרא labor was originally cheap. Ib. זיל עביד׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40). Ber.63a (prov.) זָלָא קמץ קניה Ms. M. (ed. זָלַת קבוץ קנה מינה, Ar. קפוץ) if a thing is cheap, be quick and buy it. B. Mets.64a bot. אי יקרא אי זילאוכ׳ whether it will rise or fall, it shall be in my possession (gain or loss shall be mine). Ab. Zar.70a זִילָה עלייהו she is contemptible in their sight. B. Bath. 110a זִילָא בי מילתא such occupation is beneath my dignity. Yeb.63a זַבֵּינ ולא תֵיזוּל sell (part of thy clothes to start a business) in order not to be disgraced by poverty; (oth. explan., v. next w.). Af. אוֹזִיל to sell cheap, make easy terms. B. Mets.77a אוֹזִילו אינהו גביה זוזאוכ׳ at the start they had agreed to work for one zuz less (than the market price of labor), and wages were generally reduced afterwards. Ib. b אוֹזְלֵי מוֹזִילוכ׳ he will lower the price and sell (some of his movable goods in order to raise money). Ib. 73a top מוֹזְלֵי גבייהו they will be easier in selling them. Ib. bot. אוזולי דקא מוזלי גבייכו (better אתולי … מחלי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 1) they are liberal towards you (paying more than the ordinary wages). Gen. R. s. 39 חלא מֵזִיל חמרא vinegar cheapens wine, i. e. where bad wine is plentiful in the market, good wine sells cheaper; a. fr. Ithpe. אִתְּזִיל to be degraded, disgraced. Keth.53b לא ניחא ליה דתִיתְּזִיל he does not want her to be disgraced (by dependence on public charity).

זוּלch. sam(זול Ito be of slight value, to be cheap; to be despicable, mean); perf. זָל, Part. זִיל, זֹול 1) to disregard. Targ. Y. II Gen. 16:5 (perh. fr. זְלַל). 2) to be worthless, cheap. Targ. Y. Deut. 28:68 בדמין זֹולִין for a low price.B. Mets.77a זל עבידתא (sub שכר) labor has become cheaper. Ib. זל עביד׳ מעיקרא labor was originally cheap. Ib. זיל עביד׳ Ms. M. (v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 40). Ber.63a (prov.) זָלָא קמץ קניה Ms. M. (ed. זָלַת קבוץ קנה מינה, Ar. קפוץ) if a thing is cheap, be quick and buy it. B. Mets.64a bot. אי יקרא אי זילאוכ׳ whether it will rise or fall, it shall be in my possession (gain or loss shall be mine). Ab. Zar.70a זִילָה עלייהו she is contemptible in their sight. B. Bath. 110a זִילָא בי מילתא such occupation is beneath my dignity. Yeb.63a זַבֵּינ ולא תֵיזוּל sell (part of thy clothes to start a business) in order not to be disgraced by poverty; (oth. explan., v. next w.). Af. אוֹזִיל to sell cheap, make easy terms. B. Mets.77a אוֹזִילו אינהו גביה זוזאוכ׳ at the start they had agreed to work for one zuz less (than the market price of labor), and wages were generally reduced afterwards. Ib. b אוֹזְלֵי מוֹזִילוכ׳ he will lower the price and sell (some of his movable goods in order to raise money). Ib. 73a top מוֹזְלֵי גבייהו they will be easier in selling them. Ib. bot. אוזולי דקא מוזלי גבייכו (better אתולי … מחלי, v. Rabb. D. S. a. l. note 1) they are liberal towards you (paying more than the ordinary wages). Gen. R. s. 39 חלא מֵזִיל חמרא vinegar cheapens wine, i. e. where bad wine is plentiful in the market, good wine sells cheaper; a. fr. Ithpe. אִתְּזִיל to be degraded, disgraced. Keth.53b לא ניחא ליה דתִיתְּזִיל he does not want her to be disgraced (by dependence on public charity).

חוּטII to fasten, esp. (denom. of חֲוַט) to provide a shoe with straps. Y.Kil.IX, 32d top לא יֵחוֹט ליה מסאניה that he should not make for his (woolen) shoes straps of flax but leather thongs. Ib. מהו מֵיחוֹט מסאניה בכיתן (not דכ׳) is it permitted to put flax straps on ? Pa. חַיֵּיט, חַיֵּט 1) same, to fasten, strap. Targ. Y. Deut. 25:9. 2) to sew. Targ. Job 16:15; a. e.Men.37b האי מאן דחַיְּיטֵיה לגלימיה he who sewed the trail of his cloak up. Y.Shebi.IV, 35a bot. הוה מְחַיֵּיטוכ׳ was doing tailors work at ; a. fr. 3) to mend, patch. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) ח׳ ליה מןוכ׳ he patched it in one place ; a. e. 4) to form a net of straps, plait. Ab. Zar.75a דחַיְּיטֵי בחבליוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דחַיְּטֵי) which they plait with chords

חוּטII to fasten, esp. (denom. of חֲוַט) to provide a shoe with straps. Y.Kil.IX, 32d top לא יֵחוֹט ליה מסאניה that he should not make for his (woolen) shoes straps of flax but leather thongs. Ib. מהו מֵיחוֹט מסאניה בכיתן (not דכ׳) is it permitted to put flax straps on ? Pa. חַיֵּיט, חַיֵּט 1) same, to fasten, strap. Targ. Y. Deut. 25:9. 2) to sew. Targ. Job 16:15; a. e.Men.37b האי מאן דחַיְּיטֵיה לגלימיה he who sewed the trail of his cloak up. Y.Shebi.IV, 35a bot. הוה מְחַיֵּיטוכ׳ was doing tailors work at ; a. fr. 3) to mend, patch. Lam. R. to I, 1 רבתי (חד כות׳ 1) ח׳ ליה מןוכ׳ he patched it in one place ; a. e. 4) to form a net of straps, plait. Ab. Zar.75a דחַיְּיטֵי בחבליוכ׳ Ms. M. (ed. דחַיְּטֵי) which they plait with chords

חָזִיתf. ( חזז; cmp. גָּזִית fr. גזז) cutting; rough, unfinished side. Tam.II, 4 חֲזִיתָהּ מזרחה the uneven side of the pile (where the thinner and pointed ends of the logs leave gaps and make the front uneven) was eastward. Par. III, 8. Y.Meg.IV, end, 75c bot. נותן בח׳ he puts (the Mzuzah) on the rough door (which is more used by the inmates); היו שניהן ח׳ if both are of rough work.Esp. the rough side of a fence or wall, indicating that the neighbor had no right to it, border-mark. B. Bath.I, 2 ( 2) כונס … ועושה ח׳ מבחוץ he moves back on his own ground and builds, and makes the border-mark outside. Ib. 4a מאי ח׳וכ׳ wherein consists the border-mark? Answ. He bends the pegs on top outward. 2) rough sore, contusion.Pl. חָזִיּוֹת. Y.Ber.IX, 13c bot. (emended in ed. Lehm. כתית, as Sabb.77b). Cmp. חֲזָזִית.

חָזִיתf. ( חזז; cmp. גָּזִית fr. גזז) cutting; rough, unfinished side. Tam.II, 4 חֲזִיתָהּ מזרחה the uneven side of the pile (where the thinner and pointed ends of the logs leave gaps and make the front uneven) was eastward. Par. III, 8. Y.Meg.IV, end, 75c bot. נותן בח׳ he puts (the Mzuzah) on the rough door (which is more used by the inmates); היו שניהן ח׳ if both are of rough work.Esp. the rough side of a fence or wall, indicating that the neighbor had no right to it, border-mark. B. Bath.I, 2 ( 2) כונס … ועושה ח׳ מבחוץ he moves back on his own ground and builds, and makes the border-mark outside. Ib. 4a מאי ח׳וכ׳ wherein consists the border-mark? Answ. He bends the pegs on top outward. 2) rough sore, contusion.Pl. חָזִיּוֹת. Y.Ber.IX, 13c bot. (emended in ed. Lehm. כתית, as Sabb.77b). Cmp. חֲזָזִית.

חָשַׁךְ(b. h.; cmp. חשש) (to be pressed, thick, to be dark. Sabb.34a; 51a משחָשְׁכָה; ib. IV, 2 משתֶּחְשַׁךְ when it darkens (at nightfall, v. חֲשֵׁיכָה). Snh.22a עולם ח׳ בעדו the world around him is dark; Ab. Zar.8a (some ed. חָשוּךְ). Ber.16b אל יֶחְשְׁכוּוכ׳ let not our eyes, be obscured; a. fr. V. חָשוּךְ. Hif. הֶחְשִׁיךְ 1) to be overtaken by ( the Sabbath) nightfall. Sabb.XXIV, 1 מי שה׳ בדרך he who is on the road at nightfall (on Friday). 2) to wait for the nightfall, to make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath, v. חֲשִׁיכָה. Ib. XXIII, 3 אין מַחְשִׁיכִין עלוכ׳ you must not, during the day, walk to the extreme end of the Sabbath limit to await the night there for the purpose of hiring workmen etc.; אבל מַחְשִׁיךְ הואוכ׳ but one may do so for the purpose of going at nightfall to watch his field, and then he may also take his fruits home. Ib. להַחְשִׁיךְ עליו to await the night at the Sabbath limit for the purpose of doing it. Ib. 4; a. fr. 3) to darken, obscure. Cant. R. to I, 1 (ref. to חשכים, Prov. 22:29) that is Potifar שה׳הקב״הוכ׳ whose eyes the Lord darkened etc. Ex. R. s. 51 (ref. to חשכה, Gen. 15:12) that is Media שהֶחְשִׁיכָהוכ׳ who made Israels eyes dim (with tears) by her decrees. Pesik R. S. 47 (ref. to Job 38:2) הֶחְשַׁכְתָּוכ׳ (not החשב׳) thou hast obscured the council which I held in heavens (when the Lord vouched for Jobs integrity); a. fr. 4) to become dark. Midr. Till. to Ps. 18:12 (ref. to the versions חשכת, Ps. l. c., and חשרת 2 Sam. 22:12) when the clouds are laden with the waters, הן מַחְשִׁיכִין מן המיםוכ׳ they receive a dark color from the waters, and afterwards they drop them as through a sieve.

חָשַׁךְ(b. h.; cmp. חשש) (to be pressed, thick, to be dark. Sabb.34a; 51a משחָשְׁכָה; ib. IV, 2 משתֶּחְשַׁךְ when it darkens (at nightfall, v. חֲשֵׁיכָה). Snh.22a עולם ח׳ בעדו the world around him is dark; Ab. Zar.8a (some ed. חָשוּךְ). Ber.16b אל יֶחְשְׁכוּוכ׳ let not our eyes, be obscured; a. fr. V. חָשוּךְ. Hif. הֶחְשִׁיךְ 1) to be overtaken by ( the Sabbath) nightfall. Sabb.XXIV, 1 מי שה׳ בדרך he who is on the road at nightfall (on Friday). 2) to wait for the nightfall, to make preparations to be ready for work on the exit of the Sabbath, v. חֲשִׁיכָה. Ib. XXIII, 3 אין מַחְשִׁיכִין עלוכ׳ you must not, during the day, walk to the extreme end of the Sabbath limit to await the night there for the purpose of hiring workmen etc.; אבל מַחְשִׁיךְ הואוכ׳ but one may do so for the purpose of going at nightfall to watch his field, and then he may also take his fruits home. Ib. להַחְשִׁיךְ עליו to await the night at the Sabbath limit for the purpose of doing it. Ib. 4; a. fr. 3) to darken, obscure. Cant. R. to I, 1 (ref. to חשכים, Prov. 22:29) that is Potifar שה׳הקב״הוכ׳ whose eyes the Lord darkened etc. Ex. R. s. 51 (ref. to חשכה, Gen. 15:12) that is Media שהֶחְשִׁיכָהוכ׳ who made Israels eyes dim (with tears) by her decrees. Pesik R. S. 47 (ref. to Job 38:2) הֶחְשַׁכְתָּוכ׳ (not החשב׳) thou hast obscured the council which I held in heavens (when the Lord vouched for Jobs integrity); a. fr. 4) to become dark. Midr. Till. to Ps. 18:12 (ref. to the versions חשכת, Ps. l. c., and חשרת 2 Sam. 22:12) when the clouds are laden with the waters, הן מַחְשִׁיכִין מן המיםוכ׳ they receive a dark color from the waters, and afterwards they drop them as through a sieve.

נֶסֶךְm. (b. h.; preced.) 1) libation. Ex. R. s. 15 יֵין נ׳ wine from which a libation has been poured on the altar.Pl. נְסָכִים, נְסָכִין; constr. נִסְכֶי, נִי׳. Zeb.IX, 1 הנ׳ ירדו the libations brought on the altar illegally, may be taken down. Tosef. ib. V, 1; Men.15b, a. e. נסכי בהמה the libations connected with an animal sacrifice. Ib. II, 4 ונְסָכָיו and the libations belonging thereto; a. v. fr. 2) יֵין נ׳ (יין שנתנסך לע״ז; abbrev. י״נ) wine known (or suspected) to have been manipulated by an idolater, wine forbidden to Jews because of such ( known or suspected) manipulation. Ab. Zar.IV, 8 (55a) ואינו נעשה י׳׳נוכ׳ (Bab. ed. עושה) it does not become (the gentile does not make it) forbidden wine until Ib. V, 1 לעשות עמו ביין נ׳ to work with him in wine dedicated to an idol. Ib. 2 יין נ׳ שנפלוכ׳ if forbidden wine was poured over grapes. Ib. 74a bot. יין נ׳ really idolatrous wine, opp. סתם יין suspected; a. fr.

נֶסֶךְm. (b. h.; preced.) 1) libation. Ex. R. s. 15 יֵין נ׳ wine from which a libation has been poured on the altar.Pl. נְסָכִים, נְסָכִין; constr. נִסְכֶי, נִי׳. Zeb.IX, 1 הנ׳ ירדו the libations brought on the altar illegally, may be taken down. Tosef. ib. V, 1; Men.15b, a. e. נסכי בהמה the libations connected with an animal sacrifice. Ib. II, 4 ונְסָכָיו and the libations belonging thereto; a. v. fr. 2) יֵין נ׳ (יין שנתנסך לע״ז; abbrev. י״נ) wine known (or suspected) to have been manipulated by an idolater, wine forbidden to Jews because of such ( known or suspected) manipulation. Ab. Zar.IV, 8 (55a) ואינו נעשה י׳׳נוכ׳ (Bab. ed. עושה) it does not become (the gentile does not make it) forbidden wine until Ib. V, 1 לעשות עמו ביין נ׳ to work with him in wine dedicated to an idol. Ib. 2 יין נ׳ שנפלוכ׳ if forbidden wine was poured over grapes. Ib. 74a bot. יין נ׳ really idolatrous wine, opp. סתם יין suspected; a. fr.

נָתַק(b. h.; cmp. preced. a. נתך) 1) to break loose; tear out. Y.Shebi.IV, 35b bot. מקום שנהגו לקוץ יִתּוֹק לִתּוֹקוכ׳ where it is customary to cut the reeds, let him pluck them; where it is customary to pluck them ; Tosef. ib. III, 19 Var. יִתּוֹךְ לִתּוֹךְ. Cant. R. to VIII, 6 (ref. to Jer. 22:24) שהוא נוֹתֵק מלכותוכ׳ that he will tear the Davidic kingdom out of his hand; ib. משם אני נותקוכ׳ from there I shall tear loose the kingdom ; Pesik. Shub., p. 163a>. Bekh.33b נותק he who tears loose (testicles and throws them away); נותק אחר כורת who removes them after one has cut them (tearing off the roots). Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. VII, Par. 5 אם נְתָקוֹ אדם if a man made it bald (נֶתֶק); (R. S. to Neg. III, 5 אם נִיתְּקוּ בידי אדם, Nif.); a. e.Part. pass. נָתוּק (b. h.) an animal whose testicles have been forcibly removed; (oth. opin.: whose membrum has been mutilated by a violent severance). Sifra Emor, Par. 7, ch. VII; Tosef.Yeb.X, 5. 2) to cause oozing, to secrete. Tosef.Ter.III 13 ענבים רכות ונוֹתְקוֹת … ואינן נוֹתְקִיןוכ׳ grapes are soft and let their juice ooze out (when packed), but olives are hard and do not let their oil ooze out.; Y. ib. III, 42b top, v. דֵּיהֶאּ Pi. נִיתֵּק 1) to tear loose. Cant. R. l. c. (ref. to Jer. l. c.) אֲנַתֶּקְךָ אין … אֲתַקֶּנְךָ it does not say ănatteḳkha (I shall tear thee loose), but (it may be read) athaḳḳenkha (I shall restore thee, v. תָּקַן); Yalk. Jer. 303 אַתֶּקְךָ (Hif.); Pesik. l. c. 2) (to tear, pull) to remonstrate, protest. Sifré Num. 115; Yalk. Num. 750 התחיל הבן ההוא מְנַתֵּק that son began to protest (against doing slaves work); התחילו ישראל מְנַתְּקִים the Israelites remonstrated (against the laws imposed upon them); v. infra. Nif. נִיתַּק, נִיתּוֹק 1) to be torn loose; to fall out. Ḥull.123b שומר העשוי לִנָּתֵק מאליו a protection (cover) which it likely to come off of itself. Nidd.65a כיון שנִתְּקוּ שניווכ׳ when a mans teeth are gone; a. e. 2) ( to tear ones self loose, to remonstrate, be discontented. Sifra Aḥăré, Par. 9, ch. XIII גלוי … לִינָּתֵק בעריות it was known before the Lord that they would bear unwillingly the restrictive laws concerning sexual relations; נִיתְּקוּ בעריות they did remonstrate (ref. to Num. 11:10; v. Sabb.130a; Yoma 75a); Yalk. Lev. 590. 3) to be shifted, transformed, modified. Zeb.5b, a. fr. אשםשנ׳ לרעיה an animal dedicated as a guilt-offering which (on account of its owners death) has been condemned to pasture until natural death (v. סָאַב).Y.Naz.IV, end, 53c משנ׳ מלא תעשה לעשה since it (the cutting of the hair which is forbidden to the Nazarite) has gone over from a prohibition to a positive duty (Num. 6:18). לאושנ׳ לעשה a prohibition transformed into a command, i. e. a prohibitive law the transgression of which must be repaired by a succeeding act, e. g. (Lev. 19:13) ‘thou shalt not rob, and (ib. 5:23) ‘he shall make restitution. Ḥull.141a (for which ib. 12:4 מצות לא תעשה שיש בה קום עשה). Yoma 85b לא תעשהשנ׳ לעשה; a. fr. 4) (v. Kal 2) to enter a stage of moist decomposition. Y.Naz.VII, 56b, v. נַצֶל 5) (denom. of נֶתֶק) to become hairless and blanched, to be afflicted with נֶתֶק. Neg. X, 9 ונ׳ כל ראשו and his entire head became bald (v. קָרַחַת). Sifra Thazr. l. c. את שני׳ נתק בתוך נתק a person that became afflicted with a bald spot within a patch of hair surrounded by baldness (Neg. X, 7 שני נְתָקִין זה לפנים מזה; a. fr.).

נָתַק(b. h.; cmp. preced. a. נתך) 1) to break loose; tear out. Y.Shebi.IV, 35b bot. מקום שנהגו לקוץ יִתּוֹק לִתּוֹקוכ׳ where it is customary to cut the reeds, let him pluck them; where it is customary to pluck them ; Tosef. ib. III, 19 Var. יִתּוֹךְ לִתּוֹךְ. Cant. R. to VIII, 6 (ref. to Jer. 22:24) שהוא נוֹתֵק מלכותוכ׳ that he will tear the Davidic kingdom out of his hand; ib. משם אני נותקוכ׳ from there I shall tear loose the kingdom ; Pesik. Shub., p. 163a>. Bekh.33b נותק he who tears loose (testicles and throws them away); נותק אחר כורת who removes them after one has cut them (tearing off the roots). Sifra Thazr., Neg., ch. VII, Par. 5 אם נְתָקוֹ אדם if a man made it bald (נֶתֶק); (R. S. to Neg. III, 5 אם נִיתְּקוּ בידי אדם, Nif.); a. e.Part. pass. נָתוּק (b. h.) an animal whose testicles have been forcibly removed; (oth. opin.: whose membrum has been mutilated by a violent severance). Sifra Emor, Par. 7, ch. VII; Tosef.Yeb.X, 5. 2) to cause oozing, to secrete. Tosef.Ter.III 13 ענבים רכות ונוֹתְקוֹת … ואינן נוֹתְקִיןוכ׳ grapes are soft and let their juice ooze out (when packed), but olives are hard and do not let their oil ooze out.; Y. ib. III, 42b top, v. דֵּיהֶאּ Pi. נִיתֵּק 1) to tear loose. Cant. R. l. c. (ref. to Jer. l. c.) אֲנַתֶּקְךָ אין … אֲתַקֶּנְךָ it does not say ănatteḳkha (I shall tear thee loose), but (it may be read) athaḳḳenkha (I shall restore thee, v. תָּקַן); Yalk. Jer. 303 אַתֶּקְךָ (Hif.); Pesik. l. c. 2) (to tear, pull) to remonstrate, protest. Sifré Num. 115; Yalk. Num. 750 התחיל הבן ההוא מְנַתֵּק that son began to protest (against doing slaves work); התחילו ישראל מְנַתְּקִים the Israelites remonstrated (against the laws imposed upon them); v. infra. Nif. נִיתַּק, נִיתּוֹק 1) to be torn loose; to fall out. Ḥull.123b שומר העשוי לִנָּתֵק מאליו a protection (cover) which it likely to come off of itself. Nidd.65a כיון שנִתְּקוּ שניווכ׳ when a mans teeth are gone; a. e. 2) ( to tear ones self loose, to remonstrate, be discontented. Sifra Aḥăré, Par. 9, ch. XIII גלוי … לִינָּתֵק בעריות it was known before the Lord that they would bear unwillingly the restrictive laws concerning sexual relations; נִיתְּקוּ בעריות they did remonstrate (ref. to Num. 11:10; v. Sabb.130a; Yoma 75a); Yalk. Lev. 590. 3) to be shifted, transformed, modified. Zeb.5b, a. fr. אשםשנ׳ לרעיה an animal dedicated as a guilt-offering which (on account of its owners death) has been condemned to pasture until natural death (v. סָאַב).Y.Naz.IV, end, 53c משנ׳ מלא תעשה לעשה since it (the cutting of the hair which is forbidden to the Nazarite) has gone over from a prohibition to a positive duty (Num. 6:18). לאושנ׳ לעשה a prohibition transformed into a command, i. e. a prohibitive law the transgression of which must be repaired by a succeeding act, e. g. (Lev. 19:13) ‘thou shalt not rob, and (ib. 5:23) ‘he shall make restitution. Ḥull.141a (for which ib. 12:4 מצות לא תעשה שיש בה קום עשה). Yoma 85b לא תעשהשנ׳ לעשה; a. fr. 4) (v. Kal 2) to enter a stage of moist decomposition. Y.Naz.VII, 56b, v. נַצֶל 5) (denom. of נֶתֶק) to become hairless and blanched, to be afflicted with נֶתֶק. Neg. X, 9 ונ׳ כל ראשו and his entire head became bald (v. קָרַחַת). Sifra Thazr. l. c. את שני׳ נתק בתוך נתק a person that became afflicted with a bald spot within a patch of hair surrounded by baldness (Neg. X, 7 שני נְתָקִין זה לפנים מזה; a. fr.).