-
21 ENDA
I)conj.1) with subj. (a standing phrase in the law connecting the latter clause of a conditional premiss) if, and if, and in case that, and supposing that;nú hefir maðr sveinbarn fram fœrt í œsku, enda verði sá maðr veginn síðan, þá …, if a man has brought a boy up in his youth, and it so happens that he (the boy) be slain, then …;2) even if, allhough, with subj. (seg mér, hvat til berr, at þú veizt fyrir úorðna hluti, enda sér þú eigi spámaðr);3) even;þá skal hann segja búum sínum til, enda á, þingi, even in parliment;4) if only with subj. (fyrir engan mun þori ek at vekja konunginn en segja má ek honum tíðindin, ef þú vill, enda vekir þú hann);5) and indeed, and of course, and also, and besides;enda skulum vér þá leysa þik, and then of course we shall loose thee;sýnist þat jafnan, at ek em fégjarn, enda man svá enn, and so it will be also in this case;6) and yet;eigi nenni ek at hafa þat saman, at veita Högna, enda drepa bróður hans, I cannot bear to do both, help H. and yet kill his brother;7) ellipt. without a preceding premiss;enda tak þú nú øxi þína, and now take thy axe.(að, or enda, ent), v.1) to end, coming to an end (í því sama klaustri endi hann sína æfi);impers., endar þar sögu frá honum, the tale of him ends there;2) to fulfil, perform (enda heit sitt);3) to mark the end of, to bound (af suðri endir hana [i. e. Asia] úthafit);4) refl., endast, to end, come to an end (reiði mannsins endist á einu augabragði);to last, hold out (berjast meðan dagrinn endist);meðan mér endast föng til, as long as my provisions last;ef honum endist aldr til, if he lives so long;meðan mér endast lífdagar, meðan ek endumst, as long as I live;to turn out, to end (well or ill), to do (enda mun þat fám bóndum vel endast at synja mér mægðar).* * *1.a copul. conj. with a slight notion of cause or even disjunction: [the use of this copulative is commonly regarded as a test word to distinguish the Scandin. and the Saxon-Germ.; the A. S. ende, Engl. and, Hel. end, Germ. und being represented by Scandin. auk, ok, or og: whereas the disjunctive particle is in Scandin. en, enn, or even enda, answering to the Engl., A. S., and Germ. aber, but; the Gothic is neutral, unless jab, by which Ulf. renders καί, be = auk, ok:—this difference, however, is more apparent than real; for the Icel. ‘enda’ is probably identical with the Germ. and Saxon und, and: in most passages it has a distinct copulative sense, but with something more than this]:—and, etc.I. with subj., a standing phrase in the law, connecting the latter clause of a conditional premiss, if so and so, and if …, and again if …; or it may be rendered, and in case that, and supposing that, or the like. The following references will make it plainer; ef goðinn er um sóttr, enda hafi hann öðrum manni í hönd selt …, þá skal hann ok sekja …, if a suit lies against the priest, ‘and’ he has named a proxy, then the suit lies also against him (viz. the proxy), Grág. i. 95; ef skip hverfr ok sé eigi til spurt á þrim vetrum, enda sé spurt ef þeim löndum öllum er vár tunga er á, þá …, if a ship disappears without being heard of for three years, ‘and’ inquiry has been made from all the countries where ‘our tongue’ is spoken, then …, 218; ef goðinn gerr eigi nemna féránsdóm, enda sé hann at lögum beiddr …, þá varðar goðanum fjörbaugsgarð, if the priest name not the court of férán, ‘and’ has been lawfully requested thereto, then he is liable to the lesser outlawry, 94; nú hefir maðr sveinbarn fram fært í æsku, enda verði sá maðr veginn síðan, þá …, if a man has brought a boy up in his youth, ‘and in case that’ he (the boy) be slain, then …, 281; ef maðr færir meybarn fram …, enda beri svá at…, ok ( then) skal sá maðr …, id.; ef menn selja ómaga sinn af landi héðan, ok eigi við verði, enda verði þeir ómagar færðir út hingat síðan, þá …, 274; hvervetna þess er vegnar sakir standa úbættar á milli manna, enda vili menn sættask á þau mál …, þá …, ii. 20; ef sá maðr var veginn er á ( who has) vist með konu, enda sé þar þingheyandi nokkurr …, þá …, 74; þat vóru lög, ef þrælar væri drepnir fyrir manni, enda ( and in case that) væri eigi færð þrælsgjöldin fyrir hina þriðju sól, þá …, Eg. 723, cp. Eb. 222; þótt maðr færi fram ellri mann, karl eðr konu, í barnæsku, enda ( and in case that) berisk réttarfar síðan um þá menn, þá skal …, 281; ef þú þorir, enda sér þú nokkut at manni, if thou darest, ‘and supposing that’ thou art something of a man, Fb. i. 170, segja má ek honum tíðendin ef þú vilt, enda vekir þú hann, ‘and supposing that’ thou wilt awake him, Fms. iv. 170; en þeir eru skilnaðarmenn réttir er með hvárigum fóru heiman vísir vitendr, enda ( and even) vildi þeir svá skilja þá, Grág. ii. 114; enda fylgi þeir hvárigum í braut ( supposing they), id.; hvat til berr er þú veizt úorðna hluti, enda sér þú eigi spámaðr, supposing that thou art a prophet, Fms. i. 333.2. rarely with indic.; ef kona elr börn með óheimilum manni, enda gelzt þó fé um, hón á eigi…, Eb. 225.II. even, even if, usually with indic.; kona á sakir þær allar ef hún vill reiðask við, enda komi ( even if) eigi fram loforðit, Grág. i. 338: in single sentences, þá skal hann segja búum sínum til, enda á þingi, even in parliament, ii. 351: the phrase, e. svá ( even so), eigi þau handsöl hennar at haldask, enda svá þau er, i. 334; enda er þó rétt virðing þeirra, ef …, and their taxation is even (also) lawful, if …, 209: in mod. usage very freq. in this sense (= even).III. denoting that a thing follows from the premiss, and consequently, and of course, and then, or the like, and forsooth, freq. in prose with indic.; man ek eigi optar heimta þetta fé, enda verða þér aldri at liði síðan, I shall not call for this debt any more, ‘and also’ lend thee help never more, Vápn. 18; ef þeir eru eigi fleiri en fimm, enda eigi færi, if they are not more than five, and also not less, Grág. i. 38; enda eigu menn þá at taka annan lögsögumann ef vilja, and they shall then elect another speaker if they choose, 4; enda skulum vér þá leysa þik, and then of course we shall loose thee, Edda 20; varðar honum skóggang, enda verðr hann þar óheilagr, and of course or and even, and to boot, Grág. ii. 114; skal hann segja til þess á mannamótum, enda varðar honum þá eigi við lög, i. 343; á sá sök er hross á, enda verðr sá jamt sekr um nautnina sem aðrir menn, 432; þá á sök þá hvárr er vill, enda skal lögsögumaðr …, 10; enda á hann kost at segja lögleigor á féit, ef hann vill þat heldr, 217; trúi ek honum miklu betr en ( than) öðrum, enda skal ek þessu ráða, and besides I will settle this myself, Eg. 731; sýnisk þat jafnan at ek em fégjarn, enda man svá enn, it is well known that I am a money-loving man, and so it will be too in this case, Nj. 102; beið ek af því þinna atkvæða, enda num öllum þat bezt gegna, I waited for thy decision, and (as) that will be the best for all of us, 78; er þat ok líkast at þér sækit með kappi, enda munu þeir svá verja, and so will they do in their turn, 227; Hallgerðr var fengsöm ok storlynd, enda ( and on the other hand) kallaði hón til alls þess er aðrir áttu í nánd, 18; mikit má konungs gæfa um slíka hluti, enda mun mikill frami fásk í ferðinni ef vel tekst, Fms. iv. í 29; Ölver var málsnjallr ok máldjarfr, e. var hann vitr maðr, 235; ekki mun ek halda til þess at þú brjótir lög þín, enda eru þau eigi brotin, ef …, neither are they broken, if …, Fb. i. 173, Mork. 81.2. with a notion of disjunction, and yet; eigi nenni ek at hafa þat saman, at veita Högna, enda drepa bróður hans, I cannot bear to do both, help Hogni and yet kill his brother, Nj. 145; er þér töldut Grænland vera veðrgott land, enda er þat þó fullt af jöklum ok frosti, that you call Greenland a mild climate, and yet it is full of frost and ice, Sks. 209 B.3. ellipt. in an abrupt sentence, without a preceding premiss; enda tak nú öxi þína, and now take thy axe (implying that I can no longer prevent thee), Nj. 58; enda þarf hér mikils við, 94; maðrinn segir, enda fauk höfuðit af bolnum, the man continued,—nay, the head flew off the body, Ld. 290: even in some passages one MS. uses ‘enda,’ another ‘ok,’ e. g. skorti nú ekki, enda var drengilega eptir sótt (ok var drengilega eptir sótt, v. l.), Fms. viii. 357; cp. Fb. iii. 258, 1. 16, and Mork. 7, 1. 15: the law sometimes uses ‘ok’ exactly in the sense of enda, ef maðr selr ómaga sinn af landi brott, ‘ok’ verði hinn aptrreki er við tók, þá …, Grág. i. 275.2.d, (enda, að, Fs. 8, Ld. 50, Bs. i. 865; mod. usage distinguishes between enda að, to end, finish, and enda t, to fulfil):—to end, bring to an end; ok endi þar líf sitt, Fms. i. 297; af ráðinn ok endaðr, Fs. l. c.; endaðir sínu valdi, Bs. i. 865.2. metaph. to bring to an end, fulfil, perform a promise or the like; þá sýslu er hann endi eigi, work which he did not perform, Grág. ii. 267; þótti Heinreki biskupi Gizurr eigi enda við konung þat sem hann hafði heitið, Fms. x. 51; enda þeir þat er Páll postuli mælti, Hom. 135; hefir þú komit ok ent þat er þú lofaðir, Niðrst. 8.II. reflex, to end, come to an end; reiði mannsins endisk á einu augabragði, 656 A. ii. 17; er svá hefjask upp at eigi endask, 656 B. 3; þá endisk sá enn mikli höfðingskapr Dana konunga, Fms. xi. 205; þær endask ok byrjask jafnfram ávalt, Rb. 232.2. to last out; ok endisk þá, allt á sumar fram, Nj. 18; meðan mér endask föng til, Eg. 66; en honum endisk eigi til þess líf, Bs. i. 77; en er veizlor endusk eigi fyrir fjölmennis sakir, Hkr. ii. 92; ok endisk því þetta hóti lengst, Gísl. 50; meðan ek endumk til, as long as I last, i. e. live, Fms. iv. 292.3. to end well, do; enda mun þat fám bóndum vel endask at synja mér mægðar, Ísl. ii. 215; ek veit, at þat má honum eigi endask, ef …, Rd. 311; ok öngum skyldi öðrum hans kappa enzk hafa betta nema þér, Fas. i. 104; segir honum eigi ella endask mundu, Fms. iv. 143.III. impers. in the phrase, sögu endar, endar þar sögu frá honum, it ends the tale, i. e. the tale is ended, Ld. 50: in mod. usage Icel. can say, saga endar, sögu endar, and saga endast, here the story ends. -
22 TAKA
* * *I)(tek; tók, tókum; tekinn), v.1) to take, catch, seize (tóku þeir laxinn ok otrinn ok báru með sér);G. tók inni vinstri hendi spjótit á lopti, G. caught the spear with his left hand;man hón taka fé okkart allt með ráni, she will take all our goods by force;taka e-n höndum, to seize one, take captive;tökum vápn vár, let us take to our weapons;2) fig., taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian;taka skírn, to be baptized;taka hvíld, to take a rest;taka flótta, to take to flight;taka rœðu, umrœðu, to begin a parley;taka ráð, to take a counsel (= taka til ráðs);taka e-n orðum, to address one;taka sættir or sættum, to accept terms;taka þenna kost, to take this choice;taka stefnu, to fix a meeting;taka boði, to accept an offer;taka sótt, to be taken ill;taka úgleði, to get out of spirits;taka andviðri, to meet with contrary winds;taka konung, to take, elect a king;taka konu, to take a wife;taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways;taka e-n or e-m vel, to receive one well;taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly;taka upp höndum, to raise the hands;3) to reach, stretch forth, touch;fremri hyrnan tók viðbeinit, the upper horn caught the collar bone;því at ek tek eigi heim í kveld, for I shall not reach home to-night;hárit tók ofan á belti, the hair came down to her waist;4) to reach and take harbour (þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu);5) to take, hold, of a vessel (ketill, er tók tvær tunnur);6) to be equivalent to, be worth (hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend);7) with infin., to begin (hann tók at yrkja, þegar er hann var ungr);nú taka öll húsin at lóga, now the whole house began to blaze;impers., þá tók at lægja veðrit, then the wind began to fall;8) to touch, regard, concern (þat allt, sem leikmenn tekr);9) to catch (up), come up with (hann var allra manna fóthvatastr, svá at engi hestr tók hann á rás);10) to start, rush (Eirikr tók út or stofunni, en konungr bað menn hlaupa eptir honum);taka á rás, taka frá, to take to running, run away (svá illt sem nú er frá at taka, þá mun þó síðarr verra);11) impers. it is taken;þá tók af veðrit (acc.) then the storm abated;kom á fótinn, svá at af tók, the stroke came on his leg, so that it was cut off;sýnina tekr frá e-m, one becomes blind;tók út skip Þangbrands, Th.’s ship drifted out;um várit er sumarhita tók, when the summer heat set in;12) with preps, and advs., taka e-n af lífi, lífdögum, taka e-n af, to take one’s life, put to death;taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive one of his title and power;taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse;taka e-t af e-m, to take a thing from one, deprive one of (er vér tókum seglit af honum, þá grét hann);taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping;taka e-t af e-m, to get frotn one (tekr hann af öllu fólki mikil lof);taka mikinn (mikil), lítinn (lítil) af e-u, to make (say) much, little of;hón tók lítil af öllu, she said little about it, took it coldly;øngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee;taka e-t af, to choose, take;G. bauð þér góð boð, en þú vildir engi af taka, G. made thee good offers, but thou wouldst take none of them;fara sem fœtr mega af taka, at the top of one’s speed;hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, as fast as possible;to abolish, do away with (lagði á þat allan hug al taka af heiðni ok fornar venjur);taka e-t aptr, to take back, render void (taka aptr þat, er ek gef); to recall (taka aptr orð, heil sín);taka á e-u, to touch (hón tók á augum hans);taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, illa á e-u, to take (a thing) well, in good part, ill, in ill part (fluttu þeir þetta fyrir jarli, en hann tók vel á);taka e-t á sik, to take upon oneself (kvaðst heldr vilja taka þat á sik at gefa honum annát augat);tóku þeir á sik svefn mikinn, they fell fast asleep;taka arf eptir e-n, to inherit one;taka e-t eptir, to get in return;með því at þú gerir svá, sem ek býð þér, skaltu nökkut eptir taka, thou shalt have some reward;taka e-t frá e-m, to take a thing away from one (þeir tóku spjótin frá þeim ok báru út á ána);taka e-n frá e-u, to deprive one of (taka e-n frá landi, ríki);taka e-t fyrir e-t, to take in return for (hann keypti sveinana ok tók fyrir þá vesl gott ok slagning); to take for, look upon as (lökum vér þat allt fyrir satt; því tek ek þat fyrir gaman);taka fyrir e-t, to refuse (tók E. eigi fyrir útanferð at sumri);taka hendi í e-t, to thrust one’s hand into;taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands with one;taka í móti, to offer resistance (þeir brendu víða bygðina, en bœndr tóku ekki í móti);taka niðr, to pull down, demolish (taka niðr til grundvallar allt þat verk); to graze a little, = taka til jarðar (þeir láta nú taka niðr hesta sína);taka niðri, to touch (feel) the bottom;taka ofan, to take down (Högni tekr ofan atgeirinn); to pull down (hann hafði látil taka ofan skála sinn);taka í sundr, to cut asunder;impers., slœmdi sverðinu til hans, svá at í sundr tók manninn, so that the man was cleft asunder;taka til e-s, to take to (tóku þá margir til at níða hann);taka til máls (orðs, orða), to begin to speak;nú er þar til máls at taka, at, now we must take up the story at this point, that;taka til varnar, to begin the defence;taka til e-s, to have recourse to, resort to (taka e-t til ráðs, bragðs); to concern (þetta mál, er til konungs tók);láta e-t til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with (Gísli lét fátt til sín taka);taka e-n til e-s, to choose, elect (Ólafr var til konungs tekinn um allt land);absol., taka til, to begin (hann hélt allt austr um Svínasund, þá tók til vald Svíakonungs);taka e-t til, to take to, do;ef hann tekr nökkut illt til, if he takes to any ill;taka um e-t, to take hold of, grasp (nú skaltu taka um fót honum);taka e-t undan, to take away;impers., undan kúnni tók nyt alla, the cow ceased to give milk;taka undan, to run away, escape (B. tók undan með rás);taka undir e-t, to take hold under a thing;hann tók undir kverkina ok kyssti hana, he took her by the chin and kissed her;to undertake, take upon oneself;H. kvaðst ekki taka mundu undir vandræði þeira, H. said he would have nothing to do with their troubles;taka undir e-t með e-m, to back, help one in a thing (vil ek, at þér takit undir þetta mál með mér);þau tóku undir þetta léttiliga, they seconded it readily;hann tók seinliga undir, he was slow to answer;taka undir, to echo, resound (fjöllin tóku undir);taka e-t undir sik, to take on hand (Gizurr tók undir sik málit); to lay hold of (hann tekr undir sik eignir þær, er K. átti í Noregi);taka e-t upp, to pick up (S. tók upp hanzka sinn);taka upp fé fyrir e-m, to seize on, confiscate;taka upp borð, to set up the tables before a meal, but also to remove them after a meal;taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode;hón tekr mart þat upp, er fjarri er mínum vilja, she takes much in hand that is far from my will;drykk ok vistir, svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take;taka upp ný goðorð, to establish new priesthoods;taka upp verknað, to take up work;taka upp stœrð, to take to pride;taka upp sök, to take up a case;taka upp draum, to interpret a dream;taka e-t upp, to choose (seg nú skjótt, hvern kost þú vill upp taka);absol., taka upp, to extend, rise (rekkjustokkr tekr upp á millum rúma okkarra);taka út, to run out (E. tók út ór stofunni);taka við e-u, to receive (A. hafði tekit við föðurarf sínum);taka vel við e-m, to receive one well, give one a hearty welcome;taka við trú, to take the faith;þeir tóku vel við, they made a bold resistance;tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off;taka yfir e-t, to extend over (hann skal eignast af Englandi þat, sem uxahúð tekr yfir);impers. to come to an end, succeed (kveðst nú vænta, at nú mundi yfir taka);þeir munu allt til vinna at yfir taki við oss, to get the better of us;13) refl., takast;f.1) taking, capture, of a fortress, prisoner;2) taking, seizing, of property;* * *pres. tek, tekr; tökum, takit, taka; pret. tók, tókt (tókst), tók, pl. tóku; subj. tæki (tœki); imperat. tak, taktú; part. tekinn: with neg. suff. tek’k-at ek, I take not, Kristni S. (in a verse); tak-a-ttu, take thou not, Fas. i. (in a verse); tekr-at, Grág. (Kb.) i. 9: [Ulf. têkan, pret. taitok = απτεσθαι; Swed. take; Dan. tage, sounded tā, ‘du tar det ikke, vil du ta det;’ Engl. take is a word borrowed from the Dan., which gradually displaced the Old Engl. niman.]A. To take hold of, seize, grasp; taka sér alvæpni, Eg. 236; tóku menn sér þar byrðar ok báru út, Egill tók undir hönd sér mjöð-drekku, 237; nú taki hest minn, ok skal ek ríða eptir honum, 699; tóku þeir skíð sín ok stigu á, 545; hann tók inni vinstri hendi spjótið ok skaut, Nj. 42; lauk upp kistu ok tók upp góð kvennmanna-klæði, Ld. 30; hann tekr nú bogann, … tekr nú kaðal einn, Fas. ii. 543; taka upp net, K. Þ. K. 90; hross skal maðr taka ok teyma ok hepta, þótt heilagt sé, id.2. to seize; þeir tóku þar herfang mikit, Nj. 43; tóku skipit ok allt þat er á var, Fms. vii. 249; þeir tóku þar skútu, viii. 438; tóku skip hans, landtjald, klæði, ix. 275; taka fé okkat allt með ráni, Nj. 5; engi maðr skal fyrir öðrum taka, Gþl. 473; hann leiddi þik til arfs … munu taka óvinir þínir ef þú kemr eigi til, Nj. 4; þeir tóku bæinn, seized, Sturl. ii. 149; kona hafði tekit ( stolen) … ok vildi hann refsa henni, Fms. vii. 330.3. to catch; Skotar munu hafa tekit njósnir allar, Nj. 126; standi menn upp ok taki hann, 130; hann skyldi taka hundinn, 114; þeir tóku á sundi mann einn, Fms. vii. 225; gröf, at taka í dýr, Flóv. 33; taka höndum, to lay hold of, take captive, Nj. 114, 275; in a good sense, Fms. x. 314.4. taka e-n af lífi, to take one from life, Fms. x. 3, Eg. 70; taka e-n af lífdögum, id., Fms. vii. 204: ellipt., taka af (af-taka), to take one off, put to death, Js. 23; taka e-n af nafni ok veldi, to deprive of …, Eg. 268; tóku þeir af eignum jarla konungs, Fms. i. 6: taka af e-m, to take a thing from one, x. 421, Nj. 103, 131, Eg. 120, Ld. 288; taka frá e-m, to take from, off, Nj. 253, K. Þ. K. 48; taka ofan, to take down, pull down, Nj. 119, 168; taka ór, to set apart, 232; taka undir sik, to take under oneself, subject, Fms. x. 24: to take charge of, Nj. 110, Eg. 725: taka upp, to take up, pick up, assume, 23.5. to take, grasp; taka í hönd e-m, to shake hands, Nj. 129; taka á lopti, to interrupt, Fms. x. 314; taka í ketil, of the ordeal, Grág. i. 381, Gkv. 3. 7; taka í jörð, to graze, of an animal, Bs. i. 338; jó lætr til jarðar taka, Skm. 15; skulu þér láta taka niðr hesta yðra, to graze a little, Band. 14 new Ed.; tók einn þeirra niðr í sinn klæðsekk, Stj.II. metaph., taka upphaf, to begin, Hom. 49; taka vöxt ok þroska, to increase, Rb. 392; taka konungdóm, Eg. 646; taka ráð, 49; taka skírn, 770; taka trú, to take the faith, become a Christian, Nj. 273; taka hvíld, to take rest, 43, 115; taka á sik svefn, 252; taka ræðu, to begin a parley, Eg. 578; taka umræðu, id., Nj. 146; þau taka þá tal, Ld. 72, Fms. ii. 254; taka nærri sér, see nær l. 2; taka á sik göngu, Fbr. 101 new Ed.; taka á sik svefn, Nj.; taka eld, to light a fire, 199; taka e-n orðum, to address; taka í sætt, to receive into reconciliation, Eg. 168; taka sættir, to accept terms, id. (also taka sættum, id.); taka þenna kost, 280; taka samheldi, Fms. ix. 344; ok tóku þat fastliga, at friðr skyldi standa, declared firmly that, x. 40, v. l.; taka stefnu, to fix a meeting, xi. 400; tóku þeir stefnu í milli sín, 402; nú er svá tekið um allt landit, at …, fixed by law that …, Gþl. 275; þeir tóku fastmælum sín í milli, at …, Bret. 82; taki í lög, to take into fellowship, Fms. xi. 96; lög-taka, cp. lófa-tak, vápna-tak; Gunnarr bauð þér góð boð enn þú vildir engi af taka, thou wouldst accept none of them, Nj. 77; tók hann þann kost af, at leggja allt á konungs vald, Fms. iv. 224; ok þat tóku þeir af, ix. 367; Ólafr kvaðsk þat mundu af taka, Ld. 72; taka e-t til ráðs, or taka ráðs, bragðs, to resort to, Nj. 75, 124, 199: also, taka e-t til, to resort to, 26, Fms. xi, 253, passim (til-tæki); taka mót, to receive, Edda 15; taka e-t við, to receive in return, Fms. ii. 269; taka bætr fyrir e-t, xi. 253; með því þú görir sem ek býð þér, skaltú nökkuð eptir taka, take some reward for it, Ld. 44; þat er bæði at vér róum hart, enda mun nú mikit eptir taka, a great reward, Finnb. 232 (eptir-tekja); taka fæðu, to take food; taka corpus Domini, Mar.; taka samsæti, Fms. ii. 261; taka arf, Eg. 34; taka erfð, Gþl. 241; taka fé eptir föður sinn, Fms. xi. 47; taka laun, Nj. 68; taka veizlu, to take, receive a veizla (q. v.), Fms. xi. 239; konungr … hann tekr ( receives) af mörgum, skal hann því mikit gefa, 217; taka mikit lof, x. 367; taka helgun af Guði, Rb. 392; taka heilsu, to recover, Stj. 624; ek skal taka hæði-yrði af þér, Nj. 27; taka af honum rán ok manntjón, Ld. 64; taka úskil af íllum mönnum, Greg. 44; taka píslir ok dauða, 656 B. 30; drap hann þar menn nökkura, þótti mönnum hart at taka þat af útlendum manni, Bs. i. 19; þeir tóku mikinn andróða, Fms. viii. 438; taka andviðri, Eg. 87; þeir tóku norðan-veðr hörð, were overtaken by, Nj. 124; taka sótt, to be taken sick or ill (North E. to take ill), 29, Fms. xi. 97, Eg. 767; taka þyngd. id., Ísl. ii. 274; taka fótar-mein, Nj. 219; taka úgleði, to get out of spirits, Eg. 322; hann tók þá fáleika ok úgleði, Fms. vii. 103; hann tók langt kaf, 202; taka arftaki, to adopt, Grág. i. 232; taka konung, to take, elect a king, Fms. ix. 256; taka konu, to take a wife, x. 397; hann kvángaðisk ok tók bróður-dóttur þess manns er Finnr hét, 406; tók Magnús konungr Margrétu, 413; taka konu brott nauðga, to carry off a woman, Grág. i. 353; tók hann þá til háseta, he hired them, Eg. 404; taka far or fari, Landn. 307, Grág. ii. 406 (far, ii. 3); taka úkunna stigu, to take to unknown ways, Fms. viii. 30; taka ferð, to start, Stj.; taka til konungs, or the like, Eg. 367, 400, Fms. vii. 252; taka til siðar, Sks. 313; taka e-n vel, to receive well; ok taki ér, herra, vel þá Hjalta ok Gizur, Bs. i. 19; tók Skota-konungr hann vel, Fms. xi. 419; taka e-t þvert, to take a thing crossly, deny flatly, Nj. 26; taka fyrir e-t, to stop, interrupt, refuse, Fms. x. 251.III. to reach, stretch forth, touch; hann beit skarð, allt þat er tennr tóku, Eg. 605; eigi djúpara enn þeim tók undir hendr, Ld. 78; skurðrinn tók á framan-verðan bakkann, Krók.; hyrnan tók andlitið, Nj. 253; rödd tekr eyru, Skálda 175; döggskórinn tók niðr akrinn upp-standanda, Fas. i. 173; hafði flóð tekit þær, swept them away, Fms. xi. 393; spjót langskept svá at vel taki skipa meðal, Sks. 385; nef hans tók austr til landsenda … véli-fjarðar tóku norðr í Finnabú, Fms. viii. 10; tekr mörkin náliga allt it efra suðr, Eg. 58; þvíat ekki tek ek heim í kveld, Nj. 275; mun ek taka þangat í dag? Hbl.; bóndans bót tekr fyrir ( encompasses) konu, hans ok börn ok hjón, N. G. L. i. 341; taka niðri, to take the ground, of a ship or thing floating, Fas. iii. 257; svá at upp tekr um klaufir, Boll. 336; at eigi tæki hann (acc.) regnit, Stj. 594; skulu vér varask, at eigi taki oss þau dæmi, Hom. 70; svá mikit er uxa-húð tekr yfir, Fas. i. 288; nær því er þú sér at taka mun en ekki ór hófi, Sks. 21; hundr bundinn svá at taki eigi til manna, Grág. ii. 119; taka höndum upp, to lift up hands, Bs. i. 735, Edda 22; ek sé fram undir brekkuna, at upp taka spjóts-oddar fimtán, Finnb. 286; þetta smíði (Babel) tók upp ór veðrum, Edda 146 (pref.); hárit tók ofan á belti, Nj. 2; stöpul er til himins tæki, 645. 71; hér til tekr en fyrsta bók, reaches here, 655 vii. 4; taka mátti hendi til fals, Eg. 285; þeir tóku fram árum, took the oars, Fms. vii. 288; smeygði á sik ok tók út höndunum, 202; þeir tóku undun, to escape, viii. 438: to reach, land, take harbour, gaf honum vel byri ok tóku Borgarfjörð, Nj. 10; tóku þeir Friðar-ey, 268; þeir tóku land á Melrakka-sléttu, Ísl. ii. 246; byrjaði vel ok tóku Noreg, Ld. 72, 310; tóku þar land sem heitir Vatnsfjörðr, Landn. 30: ellipt., hann tók þar sem nú heitir Herjólfs-höfn, id.; þeir tóku fyrir sunnan land, 175.2. to take, hold, of a vessel; ketill or tók tvær tunnur, Fb. i. 524; lands þess er tæki ( of the value of) fjóra tigi hundraða, Sturl. i. 98, v. l.; hringrinn tók tólf hundruð mórend, Nj. 225: so in the phrase, það tekr því ekki, it is not worth the while; þann enn eina grip er hann átti svá at fé tæki, the sole object of value he had, Bs. i. 636.3. spec. usages; fara sem fætr mega af taka, Finnb. 288; konur æpa sem þær megu mest af taka, Al. 47, (aftak, aftaka-veðr, q. v.), Karl. 109, 196; fóru hvárir-tveggju sem af tók, went as fast as possible, Fms, iv. 304; hann sigldi suðr sem af tók, Eg. 93: in the phrase, taka mikinn, lítinn … af e-u, to make much, little of, take it to heart or lightly; mikit tekr þú af þessu, thou takest it much to heart, Lv. 10; öngan tek ek af um liðveizlu við þik, I will not pledge myself as to helping thee, Ld. 105; eigi töku vér mikit af at tortryggva þá bók, þótt mart sé undarligt í sagt, we will not strongly question the truth of the book, although many wonders are told therein, Sks. 78; Óspakr kvað hana mikit af taka, said he used very strong language, Ld. 216; mikinn tekr þú af, segir konungr, thou settest much by it, said the king, Fms. vi. 206: munda ek sýnu minna hafa af tekit ef ek væra údrukkinn, I would have kept a better tongue, xi. 112; Þórvarðr tók eigi af fyrir útanferð sína, did not quite refuse the going abroad, Sturl. iii. 244; hann kvaðsk eigi taka mega af því hvat mælt væri, he did not much mind what folks said, Nj. 210; hón tók lítið af öllu, said little about it, took it coolly, Eg. 322; tók hann minna af enn áðr við Íslendinga, he spoke not so strongly of them as he used to do, Glúm. 328; ok er sendi-menn kómu tók hann lítið af, Fms. x. 101; Flosi svaraði öllu vel, en tók þó lítið af, F. gave a civil but reserved answer, Nj. 180.IV. with prepp.; taka af hesti, to take (the saddle) off a horse, Nj. 4, 179; taka af sér ópit, to cease weeping, Ölk. 35; taka skriðinn af skipinu, Fms. ii. 305; taka e-t af, to abolish, vii. 1, x. 152, Ísl. ii. 258:—taka á e-u, to touch (á-tak), Nj. 118; þegar sem nær þeim er komit ok á þeim tekit, Stj. 76; sá er tekr fyrst á funa, Gm.; þat er ok, áðr þeir taki á dómum sinum ( ere they deliver sentence), at þeir skolu eið vinna áðr, Grág. i. 64; taka vel, auðvelliga, lítt, ekki vel, ílla … á e-u, to take a thing so and so, take it well, in good part, ill, in ill part, etc., Ld. 50, 248, Fms. xi. 124, Nj. 206, 265; Gunnarr talaði fátt um ok tók á öngu úlíkliga, 40; tak glaðan á ( cheerfully) við konunginn, Fms. xi. 112; þeir höfðu sagt hversu hann hafði á tekit þeim feðgum, Rd. 284; Leifr tekr á þessu eigi mjök, Fb. ii. 397; tók Börkr (á) því seinliga, Eb. 15 new Ed.:—taka eptir, to notice, observe, Sturl. i. 2 (eptir-tekt):—taka móti, to withstand, resist, Nj. 261, Fms. ix. 307, 513 (mót-tak):—taka með, to reserve, accept, iv. 340, xi. 427 (með-taka): taka við, hann tókþar ok við mörg önnur dæmi, bæði konunga æfi, he tacked to it many records, the lives of kings, etc., Ó. H. (pref.): this isolated phrase has led editors (but wrongly) to substitute hann ‘jók’ þar við:—taka aptr, to take back, render void, undo, Bs. i. 631, Nj. 191, Sks. 775; eigi má aptr taka unnit verk, a saying, Fms. ii. 11: to recall, unsay, mun ek þau orð eigi aptr taka, Ld. 42, Fms. ii. 253:—taka í, to pull off; taktu í hann, to pull his stocking off:—taka um, to take hold of, grasp, Eg. 410, Hkr. ii. 322:—taka upp, to pick up, assume; niðr at fella ok upp at taka, 625. 68, Eg. 23; taka upp borð, to put up the tables before a meal; tekr upp borð ok setr fyrir þá Butralda, Fbr. 37; vóru borð upp tekin um alla stofuna ok sett á vist, Eg. 551: but also to remove them after a meal (= taka borð ofan), 408, Hkr. ii. 192, Fms. i. 41, Orkn. 246 (see borð II); taka upp vist, to put food on the table, Vm. 168; taka upp bygð sína, to remove one’s abode, passim; taka upp, of a body, to take up, disinter, Hkr. ii. 388; taka upp, to seize on, confiscate, Nj. 73, 207, Ld. 38, Eg. 73; þeir tóku upp ( laid waste) þorp þat er heitir Tuma-þorp, Fms. i. 151; var þá tekin upp bygð Hrolleifs, Fs. 34; hón tekr þat mart upp er fjarri er mínum vilja, Nj. 6l; at þú gefir ró reiði ok takir þat upp er minnst vandræði standi af, 175; taka upp verknað, to take up work, Ld. 34; taka upp stærð, to take to pride, Fms. x. 108; halda upp-teknu efni, i. 263; taka upp sök, mál, to take up a case, Nj. 31, 71, 231: to interpret, eigi kann ek öðruvís at ráða þenna draum … glíkliga er upp tekit, Sturl. iii. 216; ok skal svá upp taka ‘síks glóð,’ þat er ‘gull,’ Edda 127; kvæði, ef þau eru rétt kveðin ok skynsamliga upp tekin, Hkr. (pref.); tók hann svá upp, at honum væri eigi úhætt, Fms. ix. 424; drykk ok vistir svá sem skipit tók upp, as the ship could take, iv. 92; er þat skip mikit, ok mun þat taka oss upp alla, Nj. 259; þat hjóna er meira lagði til félags skal meira upp taka, Gþl. 220; þótti þeim í hönd falla at taka upp land þetta hjá sér sjálfum, Ld. 210; skal sá sem at Kálfafelli býr taka upp vatn at sínum hlut, Vm. 168; taka upp giptu hjá Dana-konungi, Fms. xi. 426; taka upp goðorð, Nj. 151, 168, Grág. i. 24; taka upp þing. Ann. 1304 ( to restore); tókusk þá upp lög ok landsréttr, Fs. 27; taka upp vanda, Fms. vii. 280:—taka til, to take to; hefna svá at ekki fýsi annan slík firn til at taka, 655 xiii. A. 3; tóku margir þá til at níða hann, Bs. i; taka til ráða, ráðs, bragðs, Nj. 19, 75, 124; hann tók til ráða skjótt, 19; enn þó munu vér þat bragðs taka, 199; hvat skal nú til ráða taka, 124; ef hann tekr nökkut íllt til, 26; hverja úhæfu er hann tekr til, Fms. xi. 253; taka til máls, to take to talking, Nj. 16, 71; taka til orðs, or orða, 122, 230, 264; hann tók nú til at segja söguna, to take to telling a story; taka til varnar, to begin the defence, Grág. i. 60, Nj. 271; nú er þar til at taka, at …, 74; er blót tóku til, Landn. 111; þá tók til ríki Svía-konungs, Fms. iv. 118; um Slésvík þar sem Dana-ríki tók til, xi. 417: to concern, þat mun taka til yðar, Hom. 150; þetta mál er til konungs tók, Fms. xi. 105; láta til sín taka, to let it concern oneself, meddle with, Band. 23 new Ed.; Gísl lét fátt til sín taka, Fms. vii. 30; vil ek nú biðja þik at þú létir ekki til þín taka um tal várt, Nj. 184: to have recourse to, þú tekr eigi til þeirra liðsinnis ef ekki þarf, Fms. vii. 17, Grág. i. 41; taka til segls, Eg. 573, Fms. ix. 22; taka til sunds, 24; taka til e-s, to note, mark, with dislike:—taka undir, to take under a thing; hann tók undir kverkina, took her by the chin, Nj. 2; þá tók Egill undir höfða-hlut Skalla-grími, Eg. 398: to undertake, þat mál er þeir skyldi sjálfir undir taka, Hkr. i. 266; þá skal hann taka undir þá sömu þjónostu, Ó. H. 120: to back, second, hann kvaðsk ekki mundu taka undir vandræði þeirra, Nj. 182; undir þann kviðling tók Rúnolfr goði, ok sótti Hjalta um goðgá, Bs. i. 17: ek mun taka undir með þér ok styðja málit, Fms. xi. 53; hann tók ekki undir þat ráð, Fb. ii. 511; þau tóku undir þetta léttliga, seconded it readily, Ld. 150; hann tók seinliga undir, Nj. 217; hann hafði heyrt tal þeirra ok tók undir þegar, ok kvað ekki saka, Ld. 192: göra tilraun hversu þér tækit undir þetta, Fb. i. 129: to echo, blésu herblástr svá at fjöllin tóku undir, Fas. i. 505; taka undir söng, to accompany singing:—taka við, to receive; nú tóktú svá við sverði þessu, Fms. i. 15; siðan hljópu menn hans, enn hann túk við þeim, 105; jörð tekr við öldri, Hm.; til þess er akkerit tók við, grappled, took hold, Dan. holde igen, Fms. x. 135. v. l.; þar til er sjár tók við honum, Edda 153 (pref.); taka við ríki, Eg. 241, Fms. i. 7; taka við trú, Nj. 158, 159; taka við handsölum á e-u, 257; ef maðr görr við at taka við dæmdum úmaga, Grág. i. 258; taka vel við e-m, to receive well, Nj. 5; ekki torleiði tekr við yðr, no obstacle stops you, Al. 120; þeir tóku við vel ok vörðusk, made a bold resistance, Fms. i. 104; eggjuðu sumir at við skyldi taka, vii. 283; at þeir skyldi verja landit, en þeir vildu eigi við taka, xi. 386; ganga fram á mel nökkurn, ok segir Hrútr at þeir mundu þar við taka, Ld. 62; þar stóð steinn einn mikill, þar bað Kjartan þá við taka, 220; seg þú æfi-sögu þína, Ásmundr, en þá skal Egill við taka, tell thy life’s tale, Asmund, and then shall Egil take his turn, Fas. iii. 374; tók við hvárr af öðrum, one took up where the other left off:—taka yfir, hann vildi eigi til ráða nema hann ætlaði at yfir tæki, Fms. iv. 174; þeir munu allt til vinna, at yfir taki með oss, Nj. 198; at eyrendi þeirra skyldi eigi lyktuð né yfir tekin, Fms. iv. 224.V. to take to, begin:1. with infin., tóku menn at binda sár sín, Eg. 93; hann tók at yrkja þegar er hann var ungr, 685; hans afli tók at vaxa, Fms. viii. 47; á þeim veg er ek tæka ganga, Sks. 3; taka at birtask, 568; tekr at dimma, birta … rigna, it gets dim, takes to darken … rain; allt þat er hann tekr at henda, Nj. 5; þá tók at lægja veðrit, 124; tók þá at morna, 131; tók þá at nátta, Fms. ix. 54; kvölda tekr = Lat. vesperascit, Luke xxiv. 29.2. in other phrases, taka á rás, to take to running, to run, Nj. 253, Eg. 216, 220, Eb. 62 (hófu á rás, 67 new Ed.), Hrafn. 7: ellipt., tók bogmaðr ok hans menn á land upp undan, they took to the inland and escaped, Fms. ix. 275; tók hann þegar upp um brú, viii. 169; svá íllt sem nú er frá at taka (to escape, shun), þá mun þó síðarr verr, Fs. 55; taka flótta, to take to flight, Hm. 30; Eirekr tók út ór stofunni, took out of the room, ran out, Sturl. ii. 64; þeir tóku út eitt veðr allir, stood out to sea with the same wind, Fb. ii. 243.VI. with dat., to take to, receive (perh. ellipt. for taka við- e-u); jarl tók vel sendi-mönnum ok vináttu-málum konungs, Fms. i. 53; konungr tók honum vel ok blíðliga, vii. 197; tekit mundu vér hafa kveðju þinni þóttú hefðir oss fyrri fagnat, Ld. 34; Grímr tók því seinliga, Eg. 764; Sigurðr tók því máli vel, 38, Fms. x. 2; konungr tók þá vel orðum Þórólfs, Eg. 44; hann tók því þakksamliga, Fms. i. 21; taka vel þeirra eyrendum, x. 33; Barði tók þessu vel, Ld. 236; Hákon tók því seinliga, Fms. i. 74; eigi mun konungr taka því þótt slík lygi sé upp borin fyrir hann, Eg. 59; tók Brynjólfr þá sættum fyrir Björn, 168; Njáll átti hlut at, at þeir skyldi taka sættum, Nj. 120; taka handsölum á fé, 257; taka heimildum á e-u, Fms. x. 45; taka fari, Grág. ii. 399, Nj. 111, 258 (see far); taka bóli, to take a farm (on lease), Gþl. 328, 354; mun ek máli taka fyrir alla Íslenzka menn þá er á skipi eru, speak for them, Bs. i. 421.VII. impers. it is taken; hann brá upp hendinni ok tók hana af honum ok höfuðit af konunginum, Nj. 275; ok tók af nasarnar, Fms. x. 135, v. l.; þá tók af veðrit (acc.), the weather ‘took up’ (as is said in North of England), the storm abated. Fas. i. 157; svá at þar tæki af vega alla, all roads were stopped, Fms, iii. 122; af þeim tók málit ok görask úfærir, Fas. ii. 549; kom á höndina fyrir ofan úlflið svá at af tók, Nj. 84; kom á fótinn svá at af tók, 123; þá tók efa af mörgum manni, Fms. iii. 8; sýnina tekr frá e-m, to become blind, x. 339; undan kúnni tók nyt alla, Eb. 316; jafnskjótt tók ór verkinn allan, Fms. iv. 369; tók út skip Þangbrands ór Hitará, she drifted out, Bs. i. 15; í þat mund dags er út tók eykðina, when the time of ‘eykð’ was nearly passed, Fms. xi. 136; um várit er sumar-hita tók, when the summer heat set in, Fs. 67; réru svá skjótt at ekki tók (viz. þá) á vatni, Fms. vii. 344.2. as a naut. term, to clear, weather a point; veðr var litið ok tók þeim skamt frá landi, the weather was still, and they kept close in shore, Fms. vi. 190: hence the mod. naut. phrase, e-m tekr, to clear, weather; mér tók fyrir nesit, I cleared, weathered the ness; vindr þver, svo að þeim tekr ekki.3. þar er eigi of tekr torf eðr grjót, where neither is at hand, Grág. ii. 262; þau dæmi tekr til þessa máls, the proofs of this are, that when …, Hom. 127.B. Reflex., takask mikit á hendr, to take much in hand, Band. 3, Nj. 228, Fms. i. 159; tókumk ek þat á hendr, xi. 104; láta af takask, to let oneself be deprived of, Eg. 296; takask e-n á hendr.2. to be brought about, take effect, succeed; cp. þykkir mikit í hættu hversu þér teksk, Ld. 310; þat tóksk honum, he succeeded, Bárð. 167; tekst þá tveir vilja, it succeeds when two will, i. e. joint efforts prevail, a saying:—takask til, to happen; Ásgrími tóksk svá til (it so happened to A.), sem sjaldan var vant, at vörn var í máii hans, Nj. 92; ef svá vill til takask. Fas. i. 251; svá erviðliga sem þeim hafði til tekizk at herja á þá feðga, Fms. i. 184; mér hefir úgiptuliga tekizk, Ld. 252; þætti mér allmiklu máli skipta at þér tækisk stórmannliga, that thou wouldst behave generously, Hkr. ii. 32; hefir þetta svá tekizk sem ván var at, er hann var barn at aldri, 268.3. to take place, begin; tóksk orrosta, Nj. 8; teksk þar orrosta, 122; ráð takask, of a marriage; en ef þá takask eigi ráðin, if the wedding takes not place then, Grág. i. 311; lýkr svá at ráðin skyldi takask, 99; ráð þau skyldi takask at öðru sumri, Eg. 26, Fms. x. 40: to be realised, hvatamaðr at þessi ferð skyldi takask, Ld. 240; síðan er mægð hafdi tekizk með þeim, since they had intermarried, Eg. 37; takask með þeim góðar ástir, they came to love one another much, of newly-married people, passim; féráns dómr teksk, Grág. i. 95; takask nú af heimboðin, to cease, Ld. 208; ok er allt mál at ættvíg þessi takisk af, 258.II. recipr., takask orðum, to speak to one another, Fms. xi. 13; ok er þeir tókusk at orðum, spurði hann …, Eg. 375; bræðr-synir takask arf eptir, entreat one another, Gþl. 241; ef menn takask fyrir árar eða þiljur, take from one another, 424: takask á, to wrestle, Bárð. 168; takask fangbrögðum, Ld. 252, Ísl. ii. 446: takask í hendr, to shake hands, Grág. i. 384, Nj. 3, 65.III. part. tekinn; vóru þá tekin ( stopped) öll borgar-hlið ok vegar allir, at Norðmönnum kæmi engi njósn, Fms. vi. 411: Steinþórr var til þess tekinn, at …, S. was particularly named as …, Eb. 32, 150; hann var til þess tekinn, at honum var verra til hjóna en öðrum mönnum, Grett. 70 new Ed. (cp. mod. usage, taka til e-s, to wonder at): lá hann ok var mjök tekinn, very ill, Sturl. i. 89: Álfhildr var þungliga tekin, ok gékk henni nær dauða, Fms. iv. 274; hann var mjök tekinn ok þyngdr af líkþrá, ii. 229; þú ert Ílla at tekin fyrir vanheilsu sakir, vii. 244; ú-tekin jörð, an untaken, unclaimed estate, Sturl. iii. 57, Gþl. 313.2. at af teknum þeim, except, Fms. x. 232; at af teknum úvinum sínum, 266, (Latinism.) -
23 grosso
1. adj big, large( spesso) thickmare roughsale, ghiaia coarsesbagliarsi di grosso make a big mistakefarla grossa make a fine mess2. m bulk* * *grosso1 agg.1 (di notevole dimensione) big, large, great: una grossa mela, a big apple; una scatola grossa così, a box as big as that; ha una grossa automobile, he owns a big car; un uomo grande e grosso, a big tall man; un grosso quartiere residenziale, a large (o big) residential district; grossi complessi industriali, big industrial complexes; una grossa famiglia, a large (o big) family; un grosso esercito, a large army // mare grosso, rough sea // fiume grosso, swollen river2 (considerevole, cospicuo) big, large: grossi guadagni, big profits; una grossa fortuna, a large fortune; ha subito una grossa perdita, he suffered a big (o great) loss; è un grosso sforzo da parte mia, it calls for a big effort on my part3 (grave) big, serious: un grosso errore, a serious mistake; accidenti, è un grosso guaio!, hell! it's a big problem!; ha corso un grosso rischio, he ran a big risk4 (importante) important, big: un grosso scrittore contemporaneo, an important contemporary writer; uno dei più grossi successi del momento, one of the biggest hits of the moment // pezzo grosso, (fam.) big shot5 (spesso) thick: labbra grosse, thick lips; panno grosso, thick cloth // vino grosso, heavy (o full-bodied) wine // sale grosso, coarse salt6 (gravida, di donna) pregnant; (di femmina di animale) big with young, pregnant◆ s.m. (maggior parte, massa) main body, chief part; gross, bulk, mass: il grosso del lavoro, the greater part of the work: il grosso delle spese, most of the expenses; il grosso dell'esercito, the main body of the army; (mar.) il grosso del carico, the bulk of the cargo◆ avv. thickly: questa penna scrive grosso, this pen writes thickly // sparare grosso, (fig.) to ask a very high price.◆ FRASEOLOGIA: di udito grosso, hard of hearing; è di cervello grosso, he's a bit slow // avere il cuore grosso, to have a heavy heart // avere il fiato grosso, to be breathless (o out of breath) // bere grosso, to swallow anything // fare la voce grossa, to raise one's voice (o to threaten) // parole grosse, hard words // l'hai fatta grossa!, now you have done it! // cerca di non farne di grosse come al solito!, try not to get into a mess as you usually do! // questa è grossa!, that is too much! // raccontarle grosse, to tell tall stories // me ne ha detta una grossa, he told me a far-fetched story (o he spun me a yarn) // lavorare di grosso, to work roughly // sbagliarsi di grosso, to be quite mistaken.grosso2 s.m. (antica moneta) gross.* * *['ɡrɔsso] grosso (-a)1. aggun pezzo grosso fig — a big shot
3) (non raffinato: sale), (anche), fig coarse4)avere il fiato grosso — to be short of breathdirla o spararla grossa — to shoot a line, to tell tall stories Brit o tales Am
sbagliarsi di grosso — to be completely wrong o mistaken
2. smPAROLA CHIAVE: grosso non si traduce mai con la parola inglese grossil grosso del lavoro è fatto — the bulk o the main part of the work is over
* * *['grɔsso] 1.1) (grande) [palazzo, nave, città, testa] large, big2) (spesso) [labbra, caviglie] thick4) (importante) [ impresa] big, large, major; [produttore, somma, eredità, menzogna] big; [sorpresa, successo] greatun pezzo grosso — fig. a big shot o cheese, a bigwig
5) (grave) [problema, errore, guaio] big; [ difficoltà] major; [ difetto] big, major6) (in piena) [ corso d'acqua] in flood; (agitato) [ mare] stormy, rough7) (grezzo) [sale, sabbia] coarse8) di grosso2.sbagliare di grosso — to be gravely o badly mistaken, to be quite wrong
3.scrivere grosso — [ persona] to write in big letters; [ penna] to write thickly
sostantivo maschile (la maggior parte)il grosso di — the majority o bulk of [ spettatori]; the main body of [ manifestanti]; the main part of [ spese]
grosso calibro — big gun (anche fig.)
••spararle o raccontarle -e to talk big, to be full of big talk; questa volta l'hai fatta davvero -a! you've really gone and done it now! volavano parole -e the air was blue; fare un colpo grosso — to pull off a big deal
* * *grosso/'grɔsso/1 (grande) [palazzo, nave, città, testa] large, big2 (spesso) [labbra, caviglie] thick3 (corpulento, grasso) [ persona] bulky, fat; [ ventre] big, fat; un uomo grande e grosso a strapping man4 (importante) [ impresa] big, large, major; [produttore, somma, eredità, menzogna] big; [sorpresa, successo] great; un grosso nome della musica a big name in music; un pezzo grosso fig. a big shot o cheese, a bigwig7 (grezzo) [sale, sabbia] coarse; panno grosso thick clothII avverbioscrivere grosso [ persona] to write in big letters; [ penna] to write thickly; macinato grosso coarsely groundIII sostantivo m.(la maggior parte) il grosso di the majority o bulk of [ spettatori]; the main body of [ manifestanti]; the main part of [ spese]questa è un po' -a! that's a bit of a tall story! spararle o raccontarle -e to talk big, to be full of big talk; questa volta l'hai fatta davvero -a! you've really gone and done it now! volavano parole -e the air was blue; fare un colpo grosso to pull off a big deal\grosso calibro big gun (anche fig.). -
24 AT
I) prep.A. with dative.I. Of motion;1) towards, against;Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;2) close atup to;Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;3) to, at;koma at landi, to come to land;ganga at dómi, to go into court;ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;5) denoting hostility;renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;6) around;vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;7) denoting business, engagement;ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.II. Of position, &c.;1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;at kirkju, at church;at dómi, in court;at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;2) denoting participation in;vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;4) with proper names of places (farms);konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;at Marðar, at Mara’s home;at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).III. Of time;1) at, in;at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;at páskum, at Easter;at kveldi, at eventide;at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;at fjöru, at the ebb;at flœðum, at the floodtide;2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;at ári komanda, next year;at vári, er kemr, next spring;generally with ‘komanda’ understood;at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;at honum önduðum, after his death;4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.IV. fig. and in various uses;1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;verða at ormi, to become a snake;2) for, as;gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;3) by;taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;4) as regards as to;auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);aðili at sök = aðili sakar;7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;at landslögum, by the law of the land;at vánum, as was to be expected;at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;10) in adverbial phrases;gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;at fullu, fully;at vísu, surely;at frjálsu, freely;at eilífu, for ever and ever;at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;2) in an objective sense;hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;hón grét at meir, she wept the more;þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.conj., that;1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);4) since, because, as (= því at);5) connected with þó, því, svá;þó at (with subj.), though, although;því at, because, for;svá at, so that;6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;áðr at (= á. en), before;7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.V)negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.odda at, Yggs at, battle.* * *1.and að, prep., often used ellipt. dropping the case and even merely as an adverb, [Lat. ad; Ulf. at = πρός and παρά, A. S. ät; Engl. at; Hel. ad = apud; O. H. G. az; lost in mod. Germ., and rare in Swed. and Dan.; in more freq. use in Engl. than any other kindred language, Icel. only excepted]:—the mod. pronunciation and spelling is að (aþ); this form is very old, and is found in Icel. vellum MSS. of the 12th century, e. g. aþ, 623. 60; yet in earlier times it was sounded with a tenuis, as we may infer from rhymes, e. g. jöfurr hyggi at | hve ek yrkja fat, Egill: Sighvat also makes it rhyme with a t. The verse by Thorodd—þar vastu at er fjáðr klæðið þvat (Skálda 162)—is hardly intelligible unless we accept the spelling with an aspirate (að), and say that þvað is = þvá = þváði, lavabat; it may be that by the time of Thorodd and Ari the pure old pronunciation was lost, or is ‘þvat’ simply the A. S. þvât, secuit? The Icelanders still, however, keep the tenuis in compounds before a vowel, or before h, v, or the liquids l, r, thus—atyrða, atorka, athöfn, athugi, athvarf, athlægi; atvinna, atvik; atlaga, atlíðanði ( slope), atriði, atreið, atróðr: but aðdjúpr, aðfinsla (critic), aðferð, aðkoma, aðsókn, aðsúgr (crowding), aðgæzla. In some words the pronunciation is irregular, e. g. atkvæði not aðkv-; atburðr, but aðbúnaðr; aðhjúkran not athjúkran; atgörvi not aðgörfi. At, to, towards; into; against; along, by; in regard to; after.Mostly with dat.; rarely with acc.; and sometimes ellipt.—by dropping the words ‘home,’ ‘house,’ or the like—with gen.WITH DAT.A. LOC.I. WITH MOTION; gener. the motion to the borders, limits of an object, and thus opp. to frá:1. towards, against, with or without the notion of arrival, esp. connected with verbs denoting motion (verba movendi et eundi), e. g. fara, ganga, koma, lúta, snúa, rétta at…; Otkell laut at Skamkatli, O. louted (i. e. bowed down) towards S., Nj. 77, Fms. xi. 102; sendimaðrinn sneri ( turned) hjöltum sverðsins at konungi, towards the king, i. 15; hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge towards A., Nj. 220; rétta e-t at e-m, to reach, hand over, Ld. 132; ganga at, to step towards, Ísl. ii. 259.2. denoting proximity, close up to, up to; Brynjólfr gengr … allt at honum, B. goes quite up to him, Nj. 58; Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, G. reached them even there with his arrows, 115; þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters, id.; reið maðr at þeim (up to them), 274; þeir höfðu rakit sporin allt at ( right up to) gammanum, Fms. i. 9; komu þeir at sjó fram, came down to the sea, Bárð. 180.3. without reference to the space traversed, to or at; koma at landi, to land, Ld. 38, Fms. viii. 358; ríða at dyrum, Boll. 344; hlaupa at e-m, to run up to, run at, Fms. vii. 218, viii. 358; af sjáfarganginum er hann gekk at landinu, of the surf dashing against the shore, xi. 6; vísa ólmum hundi at manni, to set a fierce hound at a man, Grág. ii. 118; leggja e-n at velli, to lay low, Eg. 426, Nj. 117; hníga at jörðu, at grasi, at moldu, to bite the dust, to die, Njarð. 378; ganga at dómi, a law term, to go into court, of a plaintiff, defendant, or bystander, Nj. 87 (freq.)4. denoting a motion along, into, upon; ganga at stræti, to walk along the street, Korm. 228, Fms. vii. 39; at ísi, on the ice, Skálda 198, Fms. vii. 19, 246, viii. 168, Eb. 112 new Ed. (á is perh. wrong); máttu menn ganga bar yfir at skipum einum, of ships alone used as a bridge, Fas. i. 378; at höfðum, at nám, to trample on the slain on the battle-field, Lex. Poët.; at ám, along the rivers; at merkiósum, at the river’s mouth, Grág. ii. 355; at endilöngu baki, all along its back, Sks. 100.5. denoting hostility, to rush at, assault; renna at, hlaupa at, ganga, fara, ríða, sækja, at e-m, (v. those words), whence the nouns atrenna, athlaup, atgangr, atför, atreið, atsókn, etc.β. metaph., kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, deep sleep fell on them, Nj. 104. Esp. of weather, in the impers. phrase, hríð, veðr, vind, storm görir at e-m, to be overtaken by a snow storm, gale, or the like; görði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog, Bárð. 171.6. denoting around, of clothing or the like; bregða skikkju at höfði sér, to wrap his cloak over his head, Ld. 62; vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a snood round her head, 188; sauma at, to stick, cling close, as though sewn on; sauma at höndum sér, of tight gloves, Bs. i. 453; kyrtill svá þröngr sem saumaðr væri at honum, as though it were stitched to him, Nj. 214; vafit at vándum dreglum, tight laced with sorry tags, id.; hosa strengd fast at beini, of tight hose, Eg. 602; hann sveipar at sér iðrunum ok skyrtunni, he gathers up the entrails close to him and the skirt too, Gísl. 71; laz at síðu, a lace on the side, to keep the clothes tight, Eg. 602.β. of burying; bera grjót at einum, to heap stones upon the body, Eg. 719; var gör at þeim dys or grjóti, Ld. 152; gora kistu at líki, to make a coffin for a body, Eb. 264, Landn. 56, Ld. 142.γ. of summoning troops or followers; stefna at sér mönnum, to summon men to him, Nj. 104; stefna at sér liði, Eg. 270; kippa mönnum at sér, to gather men in haste, Ld. 64.7. denoting a business, engagement; ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after after horses, watching sheep, Glúm. 362, Nj. 75; fara at fé, to go to seek for sheep, Ld. 240; fara at heyi, to go a-haymaking, Dropl. 10; at veiðum, a-hunting; at fuglum, a-fowling; at dýrum, a-sbooting; at fiski, a-fishing; at veiðiskap, Landn. 154, Orkn. 416 (in a verse), Nj. 25; fara at landskuldum, to go a-collecling rents, Eg. 516; at Finnkaupum, a-marketing with Finns, 41; at féföngum, a-plundering, Fms. vii. 78; ganga at beina, to wait on guests, Nj. 50; starfa at matseld, to serve at table, Eb. 266; hitta e-n at nauðsynjum, on matters of business; at máli, to speak with one, etc., Fms. xi. 101; rekast at e-m, to pursue one, ix. 404; ganga at liði sér, to go suing for help, Grág. ii. 384.β. of festivals; snúa, fá at blóti, veizlu, brullaupi, to prepare for a sacrificial banquet, wedding, or the like, hence at-fangadagr, Eb. 6, Ld. 70; koma at hendi, to happen, befall; ganga at sínu, to come by one’s own, to take it, Ld. 208; Egill drakk hvert full er at honum kom, drained every horn that came to him, Eg. 210; komast at keyptu, to purchase dearly, Húv. 46.8. denoting imaginary motion, esp. of places, cp. Lat. spectare, vergere ad…, to look or lie towards; horfði botninn at höfðanum, the bight of the bay looked toward the headland, Fms. i. 340, Landn. 35; also, skeiðgata liggr at læknum, leads to the brook, Ísl. ii. 339; á þann arminn er vissi at sjánum, on that wing which looked toward the sea, Fms. viii. 115; sár þau er horft höfðu at Knúti konungi, xi. 309.β. even connected with verbs denoting motion; Gilsáreyrr gengr austan at Fljótinu, G. extends, projects to F. from the east, Hrafh. 25; hjá sundi því, er at gengr þingstöðinni, Fms. xi. 85.II. WITHOUT MOTION; denoting presence at, near, by, at the side of, in, upon; connected with verbs like sitja, standa, vera…; at kirkju, at church, Fms. vii. 251, K. f). K. 16, Ld. 328, Ísl. ii. 270, Sks. 36; vera at skála, at húsi, to be in, at home, Landn. 154; at landi, Fms. i. 82; at skipi, on shipboard, Grág. i. 209, 215; at oldri, at a banquet, inter pocula; at áti, at dinner, at a feast, inter edendum, ii. 169, 170; at samförum ok samvistum, at public meetings, id.; at dómi, in a court; standa (to take one’s stand) norðan, sunnan, austan, vestan at dómi, freq. in the proceedings at trials in lawsuits, Nj.; at þingi, present at the parliament, Grág. i. 142; at lögbergi, o n the hill of laws, 17, Nj.; at baki e-m, at the back of.2. denoting presence, partaking in; sitja at mat, to sit at meat, Fms. i. 241; vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, nuptials, Nj. 51, Ld. 70: a law term, vera at vígi, to be an accessory in manslaying, Nj. 89, 100; vera at e-u simply means to be about, be busy in, Fms. iv. 237; standa at máli, to stand by one in a case, Grág. ii. 165, Nj. 214; vera at fóstri, to be fostered, Fms. i. 2; sitja at hégóma, to listen to nonsense, Ld. 322; vera at smíð, to be at one’s work, Þórð. 62: now absol., vera at, to go on with, be busy at.3. the law term vinna eið at e-u has a double meaning:α. vinna eið at bók, at baugi, to make an oath upon the book by laying the band upon it, Landn. 258, Grág., Nj.; cp. Vkv. 31, Gkv. 3. 3, Hkv. 2. 29, etc.: ‘við’ is now used in this sense.β. to confirm a fact (or the like) by an oath, to swear to, Grág. i. 9, 327.γ. the law phrase, nefna vátta at e-u, of summoning witnesses to a deed, fact, or the like; nefna vátta at benjum, to produce evidence, witnesses as to the wounds, Nj., Grág.; at görð, Eg. 738; at svörum, Grág. i. 19: this summoning of witnesses served in old lawsuits the same purpose as modern pleadings and depositions; every step in a suit to be lawful must be followed by such a summoning or declaration.4. used ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at; kvalararnir er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him; þar varstu at, you were there present, Skálda 162; at várum þar, Gísl. (in a verse): as a law term ‘vera at’ means to be guilty, Glúm. 388; vartattu at þar, Eg. (in a verse); hence the ambiguity of Glum’s oath, vask at þar, I was there present: var þar at kona nokkur ( was there busy) at binda sár manna, Fms. v. 91; hann var at ok smíðaði skot, Rd. 313; voru Varbelgir at ( about) at taka af, þau lög …, Fms. ix. 512; ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving, xi. 49; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers, x. 186 (now very freq.); koma at, come in, to arrive unexpectedly; Gunnarr kom at í því, G. came in at that moment; hvaðan komtú nú at, whence did you come? Nj. 68, Fms. iii. 200.5. denoting the kingdom or residence of a king or princely person; konungr at Danmörk ok Noregi, king of…, Fms. i. 119, xi. 281; konungr, jarl, at öllum Noregi, king, earl, over all N., íb. 3, 13, Landn. 25; konungr at Dyflinni, king of Dublin, 25; but í or yfir England!, Eg. 263: cp. the phrase, sitja at landi, to reside, of a king when at home, Hkr. i. 34; at Joini, Fms. xi. 74: used of a bishop; biskup at Hólum, bishop of Hólar, Íb. 18, 19; but biskup í Skálaholti, 19: at Rómi, at Rome, Fbr. 198.6. in denoting a man’s abode (vide p. 5, col. 1, l. 27), the prep. ‘at’ is used where the local name implies the notion of by the side of, and is therefore esp. applied to words denoting a river, brook, rock, mountain, grove, or the like, and in some other instances, by, at, e. g. at Hofi (a temple), Landn. 198; at Borg ( a castle), 57; at Helgafelli (a mountain), Eb. constantly so; at Mosfelli, Landn. 190; at Hálsi (a hill), Fms. xi. 22; at Bjargi, Grett. 90; Hálsum, Landn. 143; at Á ( river), 296, 268; at Bægisá, 212; Giljá, 332; Myrká, 211; Vatnsá, id.; þverá, Glúm. 323; at Fossi (a ‘force’ or waterfall), Landn. 73; at Lækjamoti (waters-meeting), 332; at Hlíðarenda ( end of the lithe or hill), at Bergþórshváli, Nj.; at Lundi (a grove), at Melum (sandhill), Landn. 70: the prep. ‘á’ is now used in most of these cases, e. g. á Á, á Hofi, Helgafelli, Felli, Hálsi, etc.β. particularly, and without any regard to etymology, used of the abode of kings or princes, to reside at; at Uppsölum, at Haugi, Alreksstöðum, at Hlöðum, Landn., Fms.γ. konungr lét kalla at stofudyrum, the king made a call at the hall door, Eg. 88; þeir kölluðu at herberginu, they called at the inn, Fms. ix. 475.7. used ellipt. with a gen., esp. if connected with such words as gista, to be a guest, lodge, dine, sup (of festivals or the like) at one’s home; at Marðar, Nj. 4; at hans, 74; þingfesti at þess bóanda, Grág. i. 152; at sín, at one’s own home, Eg. 371, K. Þ. K. 62; hafa náttstað at Freyju, at the abode of goddess Freyja, Eg. 603; at Ránar, at Ran’s, i. e. at Ran’s house, of drowned men who belong to the queen of the sea, Ran, Eb. 274; at hins heilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church, Fms. vi. 63: cp. ad Veneris, εις Κίμωνος.B. TEMP.I. at, denoting a point or period of time; at upphafi, at first, in the beginning, Ld. 104; at lyktum, at síðustu, at lokum, at last; at lesti, at last, Lex. Poët., more freq. á lesti; at skilnaði, at parting, at last, Band. 3; at fornu, in times of yore, formerly, Eg. 267, D. I. i. 635; at sinni, as yet, at present; at nýju, anew, of present time; at eilífu, for ever and ever; at skömmu, soon, shortly, Ísl. ii. 272, v. l.II. of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term; denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day; at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave’s eve, 29th of July, Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði, when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o’clock p. m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every now and then.β. where the point of time is marked by some event; at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld. 182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði, when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50 (cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v. that word.III. ellipt., or adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr,’ of the future time:1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood, with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti, at vári, next summer, winter…, Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv. 237,2. adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr;’ at ári komanda, Bárð. 177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6.IV. used with an absolute dat. and with a pres. part.:1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda, on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234; at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi, illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the chief’s bearing, 235.2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl. absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i. 484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu, so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo.3. ellipt. without ‘at;’ en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has been done, Eb. 132.V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion; at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld. 132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því, that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj. 76.2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another; hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.C. METAPH. and in various cases:I. denoting a transformation or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku, at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105, Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration, in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into:α. by a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum, Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40.β. by a natural process it can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, to make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal, Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44; verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj. 14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði, to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196: at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one’s death, Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder, a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553.II. denoting capacity, where it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum, as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling, Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld, i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda 15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga þræl at eingavin, ‘tis ill to have a thrall for one’s bosom friend (a proverb), Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201; verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268.2. in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur ( dues) from, Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration, Nj. 3.III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at ( belonging to) sverði, Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356; hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done t o …, Grág. ii. 403; lesta ( to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi, 110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key ‘gengr at’ ( fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at…, to grasp by …; þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15; draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237; at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla ( to measure) at hrygg ok at jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda 46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by the brother’s or the sister’s side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following.IV. in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses, 186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpassing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30.2. a law term, of challenging jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja ( to challenge) at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum …; at leiðarlengd, on account of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.)3. in arithm. denoting proportion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse, quadrante, for the half, third… part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb), might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii. 41; at e-s hluta, at… leiti, for one’s part, in turn, as far as one is con cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects; at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly.4. as a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns); illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340, K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21.5. the phrase ‘at sér,’ of himself or in himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments, character …; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred, gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49; gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man, 39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the phrase ‘at sér’ is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead.6. denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr, svartr, grár, rauðr … at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red … of colour, Bjarn. 55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, lítill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age; tvítugr, þrítugr … at aldri, twenty, thirty … years of age (freq.): of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum … kálfi, a cow having calved once, twice…, Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500.β. metaph. of value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem, to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently … (freq.), prop. in connection with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams, Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11; hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms. xi. 20.V. denoting the source of a thing:1. source of infor mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of a pupil, Fms. i. 8; nema fræði at e-m, xi. 396.2. of receiving, acquiring, buying, from; þiggja e-t at e-m, to receive a thing at his hands, Nj. 51; líf, to be pardoned, Fms. x. 173; kaupa land at e-m, to buy it from, Landn. 72, Íb. II, (now af is more freq. in this sense); geta e-t at e-m, to obtain, procure at one’s hands, impetrare; þeirra manna er þeir megu þat geta at, who are willing to do that, Grág. i. I; heimta e-t at e-m (now af), to call in, demand (a debt, money), 279; fala e-t at e-m (now af), to chaffer for or cheapen anything, Nj. 73; sækja e-t at e-m, to ask, seek for; sækja heilræði ok traust at e-m, 98; leiga e-t at e-m (now af), to borrow, Grág. ii. 334; eiga e-t (fé, skuld) at e-m, to be owed money by any one, i. 399: metaph. to deserve of one, Nj. 113; eiga mikit at e-m, to have much to do with, 138; hafa veg, virðing, styrk, at, to derive honour, power from, Fms. vi. 71, Eg. 44, Bárð. 174; gagn, to be of use, Ld. 216; mein, tálma, mischief, disadvantage, 158, 216, cp. Eg. 546; ótta, awe, Nj. 68.VI. denoting conformity, according to, Lat. secundum, ex, after; at fornum sið, Fms. i. 112; at sögn Ara prests, as Ari relates, on his authority, 55; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, at the advice of, Ísl. ii. 259, Ld. 62; at lögum, at landslögum, by the law of the land, Grág., Nj.; at líkindum, in all likelihood, Ld. 272; at sköpum, in due course (poet.); at hinum sama hætti, in the very same manner, Grág. i. 90; at vánum, as was to be expected, Nj. 255; at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave, Eg. 35; úlofi, Grág. ii. 215; at ósk, vilja e-s, as one likes…; at mun, id. (poet.); at sólu, happily (following the course of the sun), Bs. i. 70, 137; at því sem …, as to infer from …, Nj. 124: ‘fara, láta, ganga at’ denotes to yield, agree to, to comply with, give in, Ld. 168, Eg. 18, Fms. x. 368.VII. in phrases nearly or quite adverbial; gróa, vera græddr, at heilu, to be quite healed, Bárð. 167, Eb. 148; bíta at snöggu, to bite it bare, Fms. xi. 6; at þurru, till it becomes dry, Eb. 276; at endilöngu, all along, Fas. ii; vinnast at litlu, to avail little, 655 x. 14; at fullu, fully, Nj. 257, Hkr. i. 171; at vísu, of a surety, surely, Ld. 40; at frjálsu, freely, 308; at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same, Hom. 80, Nj. 267; at röngu, wrongly, 686 B. 2; at hófi, temperately, Lex. Poët.; at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent; at hringum, utterly, all round, (rare), Fms. x. 389; at einu, yet, Orkn. 358; svá at einu, því at einu, allt at einu, yet, however, nevertheless.VIII. connected with comparatives of adverbs and adjectives, and strengthening the sense, as in Engl. ‘the,’ so much the more, all the more; ‘at’ heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, where it may be translated by so much the more to two, as I would willingly grant it to all of you; hon grét at meir, she grat (wept) the more, Eg. 483; þykir oss at líkara, all the more likely, Fms. viii. 6; þess at harðari, all the harder, Sturl. iii. 202 C; svá at hinn sé bana at nær, Grág. ii. 117; at auðnara, at hólpnara, the more happy, Al. 19, Grett. 116 B; þess at meiri, Fms. v. 64; auvirðismaðr at meiri, Sturl. ii. 139; maðr at vaskari, id.; at feigri, any the more fey, Km. 22; maðr at verri, all the worse, Nj. 168; ok er ‘at’ firr…, at ek vil miklu heldr, cp. Lat. tantum abest… ut, Eg. 60.β. following after a negation; eigi at síðr, no less, Nj. 160, Ld. 146; eigi… at meiri maðr, any better, Eg. 425, 489; erat héra at borgnara, any the better off for that, Fms. vii. 116; eigi at minni, no less for that, Edda (pref.) 146; eigi at minna, Ld. 216, Fms. ix. 50; ekki at verri drengr, not a bit worse for that, Ld. 42; er mér ekki son minn at bættari, þótt…, 216; at eigi vissi at nær, any more, Fas. iii. 74.IX. following many words:1. verbs, esp. those denoting, a. to ask, enquire, attend, seek, e. g. spyrja at, to speer (ask) for; leita at, to seek for; gæta, geyma at, to pay attention to; huga, hyggja at; hence atspurn, to enquire, aðgæzla, athugi, attention, etc.β. verbs denoting laughter, play, joy, game, cp. the Engl. to play at …, to laugh at …; hlæja, brosa at e-u, to laugh, smile at it; leika (sér) at e-u, to play at; þykja gaman at, to enjoy; hæða, göra gys at …, to make sport at …γ. verbs denoting assistance, help; standa, veita, vinna, hjálpa at; hence atstoð, atvinna, atverk:—mode, proceeding; fara at, to proceed, hence atför and atferli:—compliance; láta, fara at e-u, v. above:— fault; e-t er at e-u, there is some fault in it, Fms. x. 418; skorta at e-u, to fall short of, xi. 98:—care, attendance; hjúkra at, hlýja at, v. these words:—gathering, collecting; draga, reiða, flytja, fá at, congerere:—engagement, arrival, etc.; sækja at, to attack; ganga at, vera at, to be about; koma at, ellipt. to arrive: göra at, to repair: lesta at, to impair (v. above); finna at, to criticise (mod.); telja at, id.: bera at, to happen; kveða at e-m, to address one, 625. 15, (kveða at (ellipt.) now means to pronounce, and of a child to utter (read) whole syllables); falla at, of the flood-tide (ellipt.): metaph. of pains or straits surrounding one; þreyngja, herða at, to press hard: of frost and cold, with regard to the seasons; frjósa at, kólna at, to get really cold (SI. 44), as it were from the cold stiffening all things: also of the seasons themselves; hausta, vetra að, when the season really sets in; esp. the cold seasons, ‘sumra at’ cannot be used, yet we may say ‘vára að’ when the spring sets in, and the air gets mild.δ. in numberless other cases which may partly be seen below.2. connected ellipt. with adverbs denoting motion from a place; norðan, austan, sunnan, vestan at, those from the north, east…; utan at, innan at, from the outside or inside.3. with adjectives (but rarely), e. g. kærr, elskr, virkr (affectionate), vandr (zealous), at e-m; v. these words.WITH ACC.TEMP.: Lat. post, after, upon, esp. freq. in poetry, but rare in prose writers, who use eptir; nema reisi niðr at nið (= maðr eptir mann), in succession, of erecting a monument, Hm. 71; in prose, at þat. posthac, deinde, Fms. x. 323, cp. Rm., where it occurs several times, 2, 6, 9, 14, 18, 24, 28, 30, 35; sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, has to take the inheritance after his father, Grág. i. 170 new Ed.; eiga féránsdóm at e-n, Grág. i. 89; at Gamla fallinn, after the death of G., Fms. x. 382; in Edda (Gl.) 113 ought to be restored, grét ok at Oð, gulli Freyja, she grat (wept) tears of gold for her lost husband Od. It is doubtful if it is ever used in a purely loc. sense; at land, Grág. (Sb.)ii. 211, is probably corrupt; at hönd = á hönd, Grág. (Sb.) i. 135; at mót = at móti, v. this word.☞ In compounds (v. below) at- or að- answers in turn to Lat. ad- or in- or con-; atdráttr e. g. denotes collecting; atkoma is adventus: it may also answer to Lat. ob-, in atburðr = accidence, but might also be compared with Lat. occurrere.2.and að, the mark of the infinitive [cp. Goth. du; A. S. and Engl. to; Germ. zu]. Except in the case of a few verbs ‘at’ is always placed immediately before the infinitive, so as to be almost an inseparable part of the verb.I. it is used either,1. as, a simple mark of the infinitive, only denoting an action and independent of the subject, e. g. at ganga, at hlaupa, at vita, to go, to run, to know; or,2. in an objective sense when following such verbs as bjóða segja…, to invite, command …; hann bauð þeim at ganga, at sitja, be bade, ordered them to go, sit, or the like; or as gefa and fá; gefa e-m at drekka, at eta, to give one to drink or to eat, etc. etc.β. with the additional notion of intention, esp. when following verba cogitandi; hann ætlaði, hafði í hyggju at fara, he had it in his mind to go (where ‘to go’ is the real object to ætlaði and hafði í hyggju).3. answering to the Gr. ινα, denoting intention, design, in order to; hann gékk í borg at kaupa silfr, in order to buy, Nj. 280; hann sendi riddara sína með þeim at varðveita þær, 623. 45: in order to make the phrase more plain, ‘svá’ and ‘til’ are frequently added, esp. in mod. writers, ‘svá at’ and contr. ‘svát’ (the last however is rare), ‘til at’ and ‘til þess at,’ etc.II. in the earlier times the infin., as in Greek and Lat., had no such mark; and some verbs remain that cannot be followed by ‘at;’ these verbs are almost the same in Icel. as in Engl.:α. the auxiliary verbs vil, mun ( μέλλω), skal; as in Engl. to is never used after the auxiliaries shall, will, must; ek vil ganga, I will go; ek mun fara, (as in North. E.) I mun go; ek skal göra þat, I shall do that, etc.β. the verbs kunna, mega, as in Engl. I can or may do, I dare say; svá hygginn at hann kunni fyrir sökum ráða, Grág. ii. 75; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Nj. 90; vera má, it may be; vera kann þat, id.: kunnu, however, takes ‘at’ whenever it means to know, and esp. in common language in phrases such as, það kann að vera, but vera kann þat, v. above.γ. lata, biðja, as in Engl. to let, to bid; hann lét (bað) þá fara, he let (bade) them go.δ. þykkja, þykjast, to seem; hann þykir vera, he is thought to be: reflex., hann þykist vera, sibi videtur: impers., mér þykir vera, mibi videtur, in all cases without ‘at.’ So also freq. the verbs hugsa, hyggja, ætla, halda, to think, when denoting merely the act of thinking; but if there be any notion of intention or purpose, they assume the ‘at;’ thus hann ætlaði, hugði, þá vera góða menn, he thought them to be, acc. c. inf.; but ætlaði at fara, meant to go, etc.ε. the verbs denoting to see, bear; sjá, líta, horfa á … ( videre); heyra, audire, as in Engl. I saw them come, I heard him tell, ek sá þá koma, ek heyrði hann tala.ζ. sometimes after the verbs eiga and ganga; hann gékk steikja, be went to roast, Vkv. 9; eiga, esp. when a mere periphrasis instead of skal, móður sína á maðr fyrst fram færa (better at færa), Grág. i. 232; á þann kvið einskis meta, 59; but at meta, id. l. 24; ráða, nema, göra …, freq. in poetry, when they are used as simple auxiliary verbs, e. g. nam hann sér Högna hvetja at rúnum, Skv. 3. 43.η. hljóta and verða, when used in the sense of must (as in Engl. he must go), and when placed after the infin.of another verb; hér muntu vera hljóta, Nj. 129; but hljóta at vera: fara hlýtr þú, Fms. 1. 159; but þú hlýtr at fara: verða vita, ii. 146; but verða at vita: hann man verða sækja, þó verðr (= skal) maðr eptir mann lifa, Fms. viii. 19, Fas. ii. 552, are exceptional cases.θ. in poetry, verbs with the verbal neg. suffix ‘-at,’ freq. for the case of euphony, take no mark of the infinitive, where it would be indispensable with the simple verb, vide Lex. Poët. Exceptional cases; hvárt sem hann vill ‘at’ verja þá sök, eða, whatever he chooses, either, Grág. i. 64; fyrr viljum vér enga kórónu at bera, en nokkut ófrelsi á oss at taka, we would rather bear no crown than …, Fms. x. 12; the context is peculiar, and the ‘at’ purposely added. It may be left out ellipt.; e. g. þá er guð gefr oss finnast (= at finnast), Dipl. ii. 14; gef honum drekka (= at drekka), Pr. 470; but mostly in unclassical writers, in deeds, or the like, written nastily and in an abrupt style.3.and að, conj. [Goth. þatei = οτι; A. S. þät; Engl. that; Germ, dass; the Ormul. and Scot. at, see the quotations sub voce in Jamieson; in all South-Teutonic idioms with an initial dental: the Scandinavian idioms form an exception, having all dropped this consonant; Swed. åt, Dan. at]. In Icel. the Bible translation (of the 16th century) was chiefly based upon that of Luther; the hymns and the great bulk of theol. translations of that time were also derived from Germany; therefore the germanised form það frequently appears in the Bible, and was often employed by theol. authors in sermons since the time of the Reformation. Jón Vidalin, the greatest modern Icel. preacher, who died in 1720, in spite of his thoroughly classical style, abounds in the use of this form; but it never took root in the language, and has never passed into the spoken dialect. After a relative or demonstr. pronoun, it freq. in mod. writers assumes the form eð, hver eð, hverir eð, hvað eð, þar eð. Before the prep. þú (tu), þ changes into t, and is spelt in a single word attú, which is freq. in some MS.;—now, however, pronounced aððú, aððeir, aððið …, = að þú…, with the soft Engl. th sound. It gener. answers to Lat. ut, or to the relat. pron. qui.I. that, relative to svá, to denote proportion, degree, so…, that, Lat. tam, tantus, tot…, ut; svá mikill lagamaðr, at…, so great a lawyer, that…, Nj. 1; hárið svá mikit, at þat…, 2; svá kom um síðir því máli, at Sigvaldi, it came so far, that…, Fms. xi. 95, Edda 33. Rarely and unclass., ellipt. without svá; Bæringr var til seinn eptir honum, at hann … (= svá at), Bær. 15; hlífði honum, at hann sakaði ekki, Fas. iii. 441.II. it is used,1. with indic, in a narrative sense, answering partly to Gr. οτι, Lat. quod, ut, in such phrases as, it came to pass, happened that …; þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, Nj. 2; þat var á palmdrottinsdag, at Ólafr konungr gékk út um stræti, Fms. ii. 244.2. with subj. answering to Lat. acc. with infin., to mark the relation of an object to the chief verb, e. g. vilda ek at þú réðist, I wished that you would, Nj. 57.β. or in an oblique sentence, answering to ita ut…; ef svá kann verða at þeir láti…, if it may be so that they might…, Fms. xi. 94.γ. with a subj. denoting design, answering to ϊνα or Lat. ut with subj., in order that; at öll veraldar bygðin viti, ut sciat totus orbis, Stj.; þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, ut ne fame perirent, Nj. 265; fyrsti hlutr bókarinnar er Kristindómsbálkr, at menn skili, in order that men may understand, Gþl. p. viii.III. used in connection with conjunctions,1. esp. þó, því, svá; þó at freq. contr. þótt; svát is rare and obsolete.α. þóat, þótt (North. E. ‘thof’), followed by a subjunctive, though, although, Lat. etsi, quamquam (very freq.); þóat nokkurum mönnum sýnist þetta með freku sett… þá viljum vér, Fms. vi. 21: phrases as, gef þú mér þó at úverðugri, etsi indignae (dat.), Stj. MS. col. 315, are unclass., and influenced by the Latin: sometimes ellipt. without ‘þó,’ eigi mundi hón þá meir hvata göngu sinni, at (= þóat) hon hraeddist bana sinn, Edda 7, Nj. 64: ‘þó’ and ‘at’ separated, svarar hann þó rétt, at hann svari svá, Grág. i. 23; þó er rétt at nýta, at hann sé fyrr skorinn, answering to Engl. yet—though, Lat. attamen —etsi, K. Þ. K.β. því at, because, Lat. nam, quia, with indic.; því at allir vóru gerfiligir synir hans, Ld. 68; því at af íþróttum verðr maðr fróðr, Sks. 16: separated, því þegi ek, at ek undrumst, Fms. iii. 201; því er þessa getið, at þat þótti, it i s mentioned because …, Ld. 68.γ. svá at, so that, Lat. ut, ita ut; grátrinn kom upp, svá at eingi mátti öðrum segja, Edda 37: separated, so … that, svá úsvúst at …, so bad weather, that, Bs. i. 339, etc.2. it is freq. used superfluously, esp. after relatives; hver at = hverr, quis; því at = því, igitur; hverr at þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða, Fms. v. 159; hvern stvrk at hann mundi fá, 44; ek undrumst hvé mikil ógnarraust at liggr í þér, iii. 201; því at ek mátti eigi þar vera elligar, því at þar var kristni vel haldin, Fas. i. 340.IV. as a relat. conj.:1. temp, when, Lat. quum; jafnan er ( est) mér þá verra er ( quum) ek fer á braut þaðan, en þá at ( quum) ek kem, Grett. 150 A; þar til at vér vitum, till we know, Fms. v. 52; þá at ek lýsta (= þá er), when, Nj. 233.2. since, because; ek færi yðr (hann), at þér eruð í einum hrepp allir, because of your being all of the same Rape, Grág. i. 260; eigi er kynlegt at ( though) Skarphéðinn sé hraustr, at þat er mælt at…, because (since) it is a saying that…, Nj. 64.V. in mod. writers it is also freq. superfluously joined to the conjunctions, ef að = ef, si, (Lv. 45 is from a paper MS.), meðan að = meðan, dum; nema að, nisi; fyrst að = fyrst, quoniam; eptir að, síðan að, postquam; hvárt að = hvárt, Lat. an. In the law we find passages such as, þá er um er dæmt eina sök, at þá eigu þeir aptr at ganga í dóminn, Grág. i. 79; ef þing ber á hina helgu viku, at þat á eigi fyrir þeim málum at standa, 106; þat er ok, at þeir skulu reifa mál manna, 64; at þeir skulu með váttorð þá sök sækja, 65: in all these cases ‘at’ is either superfluous or, which is more likely, of an ellipt. nature, ‘the law decrees’ or ‘it is decreed’ being understood. The passages Sks. 551, 552, 568, 718 B, at lokit (= at ek hefi lokit), at hugleitt (= at ek hefi h.), at sent (= at ek hefi sent) are quite exceptional.4.and að, an indecl. relat. pronoun [Ulf. þatei = ος, ος αν, οστις, οσπερ, οιος, etc.; Engl. that, Ormul. at], with the initial letter dropped, as in the conj. at, (cp. also the Old Engl. at, which is both a conj. and a pronoun, e. g. Barbour vi. 24 in Jamieson: ‘I drede that his gret wassalage, | And his travail may bring till end, | That at men quhilc full litil wend.’ | ‘His mestyr speryt quhat tithings a t he saw.’—Wyntoun v. 3. 89.) In Icel. ‘er’ (the relat. pronoun) and ‘at’ are used indifferently, so that where one MS. reads ‘er,’ another reads ‘at,’ and vice versâ; this may easily be seen by looking at the MSS.; yet as a rule ‘er’ is much more freq. used. In mod. writers ‘at’ is freq. turned into ‘eð,’ esp. as a superfluous particle after the relative pron. hverr (hver eð, hvað eð, hverir eð, etc.), or the demonstr. sá (sá eð, þeir eð, hinir eð, etc.):—who, which, that, enn bezta grip at ( which) hafði til Íslands komið, Ld. 202; en engi mun sá at ( cui) minnisamara mun vera, 242; sem blótnaut at ( quae) stærst verða, Fms. iii. 214; þau tiðendi, at mér þætti verri, Nj. 64, etc. etc.5.n. collision (poët.); odda at, crossing of spears, crash of spears, Höfuðl. 8.6.the negative verbal suffix, v. -a. -
25 машина
engine, frame текст., machine* * *маши́на ж.1. machine2. ( двигатель) engine3. ( автомобиль) car; truck; vehicleагломерацио́нная маши́на — sintering machineагломерацио́нная маши́на для пе́рвой ста́дии о́бжига — first-pass sintering machineагломерацио́нная маши́на непреры́вного де́йствия — continuous sinter machineагрега́тная маши́на — integrated machineадресова́льная маши́на полигр. — addressing machineалфави́тная маши́на полигр. — alphabet cutting and printing machineаппретиро́вочная маши́на кож. — finishing [seasoning, sizing] machineаппретиро́вочная, щё́точная маши́на кож. — brushing machineаппрету́рная маши́на текст. — finishing machineармату́рно-намо́точная маши́на — wire-winding machineба́герно-элева́торная маши́на — dredging-and-hoisting machineбалансиро́вочная маши́на — balancing machineбалластиро́вочная маши́на — ballasting machine, ballast routerбанда́жно-ги́бочная маши́на — tyre-bending machineбандеро́льная маши́на — banderoling machineбанкоукла́дочная маши́на — can packing machineбё́рдочная маши́на текст. — reed-making machineбетони́рующая маши́на — concreting machineбетоноотде́лочная маши́на — concrete-finishing machineбетонораспредели́тельная маши́на — concrete-distributing [concrete-spreading] machineбетоноукла́дочная маши́на — concrete-placing machineбетоноукла́дочная маши́на с уплотня́ющим вибробру́сом — concrete vibratory machine, vibratory concrete placerбигова́льная маши́на полигр. — bending machineбилетопеча́тающая маши́на — ticket printing machineбинторе́зальная маши́на текст. — cloth-slitting machineбланширо́вочная маши́на — blanching machine, blancherбланширо́вочно-очисти́тельная маши́на — peeling scalder, scalder-peelerбобине́товая маши́на текст. — curtain-lace machineбобине́товая, двухря́дная маши́на текст. — double-tier net machineбобиноре́зальная маши́на и перемо́точная маши́на полигр. — slitting-and-rewinding machineборторе́зательная маши́на рез. — bead cutter, debeading machineботвоубо́рочная маши́на — haulm gatherer, top-gathering machineботвоудаля́ющая маши́на — haulm removing machineбочкоразли́вочная маши́на — cask racking machine, cask rackerбракера́жная маши́на ( для бутылок) — quality-control machineбрако́вочно-нака́тная маши́на текст. — cloth rolling-and-inspection machineбрикетиро́вочная маши́на с.-х. — tableting machine; ( для сена) wafering machine, hay cuberбронзирова́льная маши́на полигр. — bronzing machineброшюро́вочная маши́на — bookbinding machineбуквонабо́рная маши́на — typesetterбуквофотографи́рующая маши́на — photocomposing machine, photosetterбумагоде́лательная маши́на — paper-making machineбумагообмо́точная маши́на — paper-lapping machineбумагоре́зальная маши́на — paper-curting machine, (paper) cutterбунтовяза́льная маши́на прок. — wiring machineбури́льная маши́на1. rock drill, drilling machine, stoper, drifter2. ( для установки столбов электролиний) pole-hole diggerбури́льная, враща́тельная маши́на — rotative drill, rotative drilling machineбури́льная, коло́нковая маши́на — air-leg rock drill, air drifterбури́льная, молотко́вая маши́на — hammer drill, hammer drilling machineбури́льная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — compressed-air drill, compressed-air drilling machineбури́льная, ручна́я маши́на — hand-held [jack hammer] drill, hand-held drilling machineбури́льная, телескопи́ческая маши́на — air-feed [telescopic] drill, air-feed stoper, telescope drilling machineбури́льная, уда́рно-враща́тельная маши́на — rotative-percussive drill, rotative-percussive drilling machineбури́льная, уда́рно-поворо́тная маши́на — percussive drill, percussive drilling machineбури́льная, электри́ческая маши́на — electric drill, electric drilling machineбуросбо́ечная маши́на — hole drilling machineбутылкомо́ечная маши́на — bottle washing machineбухга́лтерская маши́на — accounting machineва́куум-зака́точная маши́на — vacuum seaming machineва́куум-меси́льная маши́на — vacuum kneading machineва́куум-разли́вочная маши́на — vacuum filling machine, vacuum fillerва́куум-укупо́рочная маши́на — vacuum capping [vacuum closing] machineва́куум-упако́вочная маши́на — vacuum packing machine, vacuum packerва́куум-формо́вочная маши́на — vacuum-forming machineва́личная маши́на кож. — striking-out machineва́личная, разводна́я маши́на кож. — scouring rollerва́лочная маши́на лес. — felling machineваля́льная маши́на — planking machineваля́льная, цилиндри́ческая маши́на — rotary milling machineваля́льно-во́йлочная маши́на — bumping machineва́фельная маши́на — wafer machineве́ечная маши́на — winnowing machine, winnowerвероя́тностная маши́на киб. — probabilistic machineвертика́льно-ко́вочная маши́на — vertical forging machineвзбива́льная маши́на пищ. — beater, beating [wrip(ping), whisk(ing) ] machineвибрацио́нная маши́на — vibration machineвибрацио́нная, безуда́рная маши́на — shock-free vibration machineвибрацио́нная, резона́нсная маши́на — resonant vibration machineвиброукла́дочная маши́на пищ. — vibropackerвоздуходу́вная маши́на — air blowerволокноотдели́тельная маши́на — fibre-extracting machineволососго́нная маши́на — unhairing machineволочи́льная маши́на — drawing machineворсова́льная маши́на — carding [raising, nepping] machineворсова́льная маши́на двойно́го де́йствия — double-acting raising machineворсова́льная, ши́шечная маши́на — gig(ging) [raising (teasel)] machineворсова́льная, щё́точная маши́на — brushing machineворсоре́зная ди́сковая маши́на — circular knife fustian machineвру́бовая маши́на — coal cutterвру́бовая, ба́шенная маши́на — turret coal cutterвру́бовая, ди́сковая маши́на — disk coal cutterвру́бовая маши́на для ве́рхней подру́бки — overcut coal cutterвру́бовая маши́на для дугово́го вру́ба — arcwaller, arcwall cutterвру́бовая маши́на для ни́жней зару́бки — undercut coal cutterвру́бовая, короткозабо́йная цепна́я маши́на — chain breast coal cutterвру́бовая, многоба́ровая маши́на — multijib coal cutterвру́бовая маши́на на гу́сеничном ходу́ — crawler-mounted coal cutterвру́бовая маши́на на ре́льсовом ходу́ — track-mounted coal cutterвру́бовая, уда́рная маши́на — percussive coal cutterвру́бовая, универса́льная маши́на1. long wall — short wall coal cutter2. universal coal cutterвру́бовая маши́на, устано́вленная на конве́йере — conveyer-mounted coal cutterвру́бовая, электри́ческая маши́на — electric coal cutterвру́бо(во)-нава́лочная маши́на — cutting-loading machineвру́бо(во)-отбо́йная маши́на — cutting-winning machineвста́вочная маши́на полигр. — inserterвста́вочно-шве́йная маши́на полигр. — inserter-stitcherвстря́хивающая маши́на литейн. — jarring machineвыбивна́я маши́на — shake-out machineвы́бойная маши́на пищ. — (flour) packing machine, (flour) packerвы́мольная маши́на — bran finisherвысадкопоса́дочная маши́на — planterвы́садочная маши́на метал. — upsetting [beading] machineвысека́льная маши́на полигр. — die-cutting machineвычисли́тельная маши́на [ВМ] — computing machine, computerвычисли́тельная маши́на рабо́тает в и́стинном масшта́бе вре́мени — a computer operates in real timeнастра́ивать вычисли́тельную маши́ну на реше́ние зада́чи — set up a computer for a (given) problemосуществля́ть обще́ние (челове́ка) с вычисли́тельной маши́ной — interact with a computer, carry out a dialogue with a computerприменя́ть вычисли́тельную маши́ну для автоматиза́ции прое́ктных рабо́т — use a computer as a design tool [as an aid to design]рабо́тать на вычисли́тельной маши́не — run a computerвычисли́тельная, автокорреляцио́нная маши́на — autocorrelation computerвычисли́тельная, ана́логовая маши́на [АВМ] — analog computerана́логовая вычисли́тельная маши́на не произво́дит дискре́тного счё́та — an analog computer does not operate on digital numbersвычисли́тельная, ана́логовая пневмати́ческая маши́на — pneumatic analog computerвычисли́тельная, ана́лого-цифрова́я маши́на — analog-digital [hybrid] computerвычисли́тельная, асинхро́нная маши́на — asynchronous computerвычисли́тельная, беза́дресная маши́на — no-address [zero-address] computerвычисли́тельная, биони́ческая маши́на — bionic computerвычисли́тельная, быстроде́йствующая маши́на — high-speed computerвычисли́тельная маши́на второ́го поколе́ния — second-generation computerвычисли́тельная, гибри́дная маши́на — hybrid [analog-digital] computerвычисли́тельная, двои́чная маши́на — binary [radix two] computerвычисли́тельная, двуха́дресная маши́на — two-address computerвычисли́тельная, десяти́чная маши́на — decimal computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для автомати́ческого [маши́нного] перево́да — translation machineвычисли́тельная маши́на для аэрокосми́ческих иссле́дований — aerospace computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для комме́рческих расчё́тов — business computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для нау́чных расчё́тов — scientific computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для обрабо́тки да́нных — data-processing computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для обрабо́тки результа́тов пе́реписи — census computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для регистра́ции предвари́тельных зака́зов на биле́ты — reservation computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для реше́ния экономи́ческих или комме́рческих зада́ч — business computerвычисли́тельная маши́на для управле́ния произво́дственными проце́ссами — process control computerвычисли́тельная, игрова́я маши́на — game(-playing) machineвычисли́тельная, информацио́нно-логи́ческая маши́на — information-logical machineвычисли́тельная, информацио́нно-статисти́ческая маши́на — fife computerвычисли́тельная, кла́вишная маши́на — keyboard computerвычисли́тельная, координа́тная маши́на — point-to-point computerвычисли́тельная маши́на косми́ческого корабля́ — spaceborne computerвычисли́тельная, ла́мповая маши́на — electron(ic) tube computerвычисли́тельная маши́на ма́лого быстроде́йствия — low-speed computerвычисли́тельная, многоа́дресная маши́на — multiaddress computerвычисли́тельная, навигацио́нная маши́на — navigation computerвычисли́тельная маши́на на микроминиатю́рных бло́ках — microcircuit computerвычисли́тельная маши́на на мо́дулях — modular(ized) computerвычисли́тельная маши́на на перфока́ртах — punch(ed)-card computerвычисли́тельная, насто́льная маши́на — desk(-top) computerвычисли́тельная маши́на на стру́йных элеме́нтах — fluid [fluidics] computerвычисли́тельная маши́на на твё́рдых элеме́нтах — solid-state computerвычисли́тельная маши́на на транзи́сторах — transistor(ized) computerвычисли́тельная, обуча́ющая маши́на — teaching machineвычисли́тельная, одноа́дресная маши́на — single-address computerвычисли́тельная, опти́ческая маши́на — optical computerвычисли́тельная маши́на паралле́льного де́йствия — parallel computerвычисли́тельная, перифери́ческая маши́на — peripheral computerвычисли́тельная, перфорацио́нная маши́на — ( на картах) punched-card computer; ( на лентах) punched-tape computerвычисли́тельная, полупроводнико́вая маши́на — solid-state [transistor] computerвычисли́тельная маши́на последова́тельного де́йствия — serial computerвычисли́тельная маши́на потенциа́льного ти́па — direct-current computerвычисли́тельная маши́на, рабо́тающая в и́стинном масшта́бе вре́мени — real-time computerвычисли́тельная, реле́йная маши́на — relay computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с автомати́ческой после́довательностью опера́ций — automatic sequence computerвычисли́тельная, самоорганизу́ющаяся маши́на — self-organizing computerвычисли́тельная, самопрограмми́рующая маши́на — self-programming computerвычисли́тельная, сверхма́лая маши́на — minicomputerвычисли́тельная маши́на с вне́шним программи́рованием — externally program computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с жё́сткой програ́ммой — fixed-program computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с запомина́емой програ́ммой — stored-program computerвычисли́тельная, синхро́нная маши́на — synchronous computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с набо́рной програ́ммой — wired program computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с набо́рными ди́сками — dialing set computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с переме́нной длино́й сло́ва — variable word length computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с периодиза́цией реше́ния — repetitive computerвычисли́тельная, специализи́рованная маши́на — special purpose computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с пла́вающей запято́й — floating-point computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с програ́ммным управле́нием — program-controlled computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с програ́ммным управле́нием от перфока́рт — card-programmed computerвычисли́тельная маши́на с совмеще́нием опера́ций — simultaneous computerвычисли́тельная, статисти́ческая маши́на — statistical machineвычисли́тельная маши́на с фикси́рованной запято́й — fixed-point computerвычисли́тельная, универса́льная маши́на — general-purpose [universal, all-purpose] computerвычисли́тельная, управля́ющая маши́на — control computerвычисли́тельная, центра́льная маши́на — central computerвычисли́тельная, цифрова́я маши́на [ЦВМ] — digital computerвычисли́тельная, цифрова́я интегри́рующая маши́на — incremental computerвычисли́тельная, электромехани́ческая маши́на — electromechanical machineвычисли́тельная, электро́нная маши́на — electronic computerвышива́льная маши́на — embroidery machineвяза́льная маши́на1. текст. knitting machine2. с.-х. tying [bale tie] machineвяза́льная маши́на ворсово́го переплете́ния — burl-knitting machineвяза́льная, ла́стичная пло́ская маши́на — flat rib knitting machineвяза́льная маши́на ни́зкого кла́сса — coarse-gauge machineвяза́льная, ова́льная маши́на — oval knitting machineвяза́льная, шту́чная маши́на — body-length machineгазоопа́ливающая маши́на текст. — gassing [gas-singeing] machineгазоре́зательная маши́на — gas-cutting [flame-cutting] machineгазоре́зательная, ацетиле́но-кислоро́дная маши́на — oxyacetylene-cutting machineгазоре́зательная, двухконсо́льная маши́на — double-cantilever cutting machineгазоре́зательная, копирова́льная маши́на — flame-profiling machineгазоре́зательная, многопла́менная маши́на — multiple-blowpipe [multiple-burner] machineгазоре́зательная, поля́рно-координа́тная маши́на — radial articulated-arm cutting machineгазоре́зательная, порта́льная маши́на — gantry cutting machineгазоре́зательная, порта́льная маши́на для ре́зки двух листо́в — double portal cutting machineгазоре́зательная, прямоуго́льно-координа́тная маши́на — cross carriage cutting machineгазоре́зательная, тру́бная маши́на — pipe cutting machineгазосва́рочная маши́на — gas welding machine, gas welderгалто́вочная маши́на — tumbling machineгарди́нно-тю́левая маши́на — bobbinnet machineгвоздезабивна́я маши́на — nailing machine, nailerгвозди́льная маши́на — wire-nail machineги́бочная маши́на — bending [forming] machine, benderги́бочная, валко́вая маши́на — roller-bending machineги́бочная, полосова́я маши́на — bar-bending machineгидравли́ческая маши́на — hydraulic machineгилпавли́ческая, диагона́льная маши́на — mixed-flow machineгидравли́ческая, клепа́льная маши́на — hydraulic rivet(t)ing machineгидравли́ческая, лопа́точная маши́на — impeller machineгидравли́ческая, объё́мная маши́на — positive-displacement machineгидравли́ческая, одноколё́сная маши́на — single-impeller machineгидравли́ческая, осева́я маши́на — axial-flow machineгидроочистна́я маши́на — hydroblasting machineглади́льная маши́на — ironing machine, ironerглазиро́вочная маши́на — glazing [coating, covering, icing] machine, enroberглянцева́льная маши́на кфт. — glazing machineго́рная маши́на — mining machineгорячевы́садочная маши́на — hot upsetting machineмаши́на горя́чей полиро́вки кож. — burnishing machineгофриро́вочная маши́на1. текст. crimping [pleating] machine2. метал. corrugatorгравирова́льная маши́на полигр. — engraving machine, engraverгребнечеса́льная маши́на — comb(er), combing machine, nip comb(er)гребнечеса́льная, двупо́льная маши́на — double-action comberгребнечеса́льная, двусторо́нняя маши́на — two-sided rectilinear comberгребнечеса́льная маши́на непреры́вного де́йствия — square motion comberгребнечеса́льная, одина́рная маши́на — single-nip comberгребнечеса́льная, односторо́нняя маши́на — one-sided rectilinear comberгребнечеса́льная, прямолине́йная маши́на — continental comberгребнечеса́льная маши́на с кру́глыми гре́бнями — circular [round] comberгрузова́я маши́на см. грузовой автомобильгрузоподъё́мные маши́ны ( собирательный термин) — hoisting apparatus, hoisting machineryгрунтова́льная маши́на текст. — coating machineгрунтосмеси́тельная маши́на — soil-mixing machine, soil [ground] mixerгузоубо́рочная маши́на с.-х. — cotton stalk cutterдвои́льная маши́на кож. — splitting machine, (band-knife) splitterдеаэрацио́нная маши́на — deairing machineдекортикацио́нная маши́на — decorticator, stripping machineделинтеро́вочная маши́на с.-х. — delinting machineдели́тельная маши́на1. опт. ruling machine2. метал. dividing machineдетермини́рованная маши́на киб. — determinate machineдиагона́льно-закро́йная маши́на — bias-cutting machineмаши́на для бесшве́йного скрепле́ния бло́ков полигр. — perfect binderмаши́на для брикети́рования кормо́в — foragizer, forage cuber, forage wafererмаши́на для буре́ния кро́вли — roof drilling machineмаши́на для внесе́ния аммиака́тов — ammonia solution applicatorмаши́на для внесе́ния гербици́дов — herbicide applicatorмаши́на для внесе́ния минера́льных удобре́ний и ядохимика́тов — chemical applicatorмаши́на для внесе́ния удобре́ний — fertilizer placerмаши́на для возведе́ния кре́пи — support-setting machineмаши́на для волокна́-сырца́, отбе́ливающая — raw stock bleaching machineмаши́на для вскры́тия лё́тки — tapping drillмаши́на для встря́хивания консе́рвных ба́нок — can shakerмаши́на для выкола́чивания мешко́в — sack beating [sack cleaning] machine, sack cleanerмаши́на для выра́внивания дета́лей о́буви — levellerмаши́на для вы́резки образцо́в текст. — cloth-pinking machineмаши́на для выстила́ния та́ры — lining machineмаши́на для гидропескостру́йной очи́стки — sand-water cleanerмаши́на для горя́чей штампо́вки — rot die-forging machineмаши́на для драже́, глянцо́вочная — dragee polishing machineмаши́на для жакка́рдовых карт, копирова́льная — card-repeating machineмаши́на для зака́тки борто́в метал. — closing machineмаши́на для зачи́стки метал. — deseamerмаши́на для земляны́х рабо́т — earth-moving machineмаши́на для караме́льной ма́ссы, промина́льная — sugar mass kneading machine, sugar mass kneaderмаши́на для кислоро́дной ре́зки — oxygencutting machineмаши́на для литья́ под давле́нием, литьева́я пласт. — injection moulding machineмаши́на для мерсериза́ции пря́жи в мотка́х — hank-mercerizing machineмаши́на для мо́крой декатиро́вки, декатиро́вочная — wet decatizing machineмаши́на для мы́ла, пили́рная — soap milling machineмаши́на для намо́тки кишо́к — casing skeming machineмаши́на для наре́зки маре́н — embossing [pebbling, printing] machineмаши́на для наре́зки ниш горн. — stable hole machineмаши́на для объё́мной штампо́вки — die-forging machineмаши́на для овоще́й, пучковяза́льная — vegetable tier, vegetable buncherмаши́на для очи́стки отли́вок — casting cleaning machineмаши́на для паке́тов, ва́куум-заде́лочная — vacuum bag closing [vacuum bag sealing] machineмаши́на для перемо́тки с мотко́в на ко́нусные боби́ны, бобина́жная — cone winding [coning] machineмаши́на для пода́чи карто́нной та́ры — carton feeding machineмаши́на для подмета́ния у́лиц — streetsweeperмаши́на для подпо́чвенного внесе́ния удобре́ний — subsurface applicatorмаши́на для подре́зки живо́й и́згороди — ledgecutterмаши́на для подры́вки кро́вли горн. — roof ripping machineмаши́на для подры́вки по́чвы горн. — floor ripping machineмаши́на для поли́вочного кра́шения кож. — curtain coating machineмаши́на для прове́рки гермети́чности консе́рвных ба́нок — can testing machine, can testerмаши́на для разли́вки мета́лла, карусе́льная — casting wheelмаши́на для разли́вки мета́лла, ле́нточная — straight-line casting machineмаши́на для раска́тки труб — expanding [reeling] machineмаши́на для расшлихто́вки текст. — desizing machineмаши́на для ре́зки армату́рных сте́ржней — bar cutter, bar cropperмаши́на для ре́зки корнепло́дов — root vegetable cutterмаши́на для ре́зки труб — tube-cutting machineмаши́на для ре́зки черенко́в — graft cutterмаши́на для ро́злива в буты́лки — bottle fillerмаши́на для ро́злива молока́ во фля́ги — churn filling machineмаши́на для ро́спуска руло́нов полигр. — roll slitting machineмаши́на для ры́бы, головоотсека́ющая — fish beheading machineмаши́на для сбо́рки карто́нной та́ры — carton erecting machineмаши́на для сня́тия заусе́нцев — (de)burring machineмаши́на для спека́ния руд — ore sintering machineмаши́на для стекле́ния кож. — graterмаши́на для стри́жки кру́пного рога́того скота́ — cattle clipperмаши́на для сухо́го протра́вливания семя́н — seed-dusting machineмаши́на для сухо́й очи́стки яи́ц — egg bufferмаши́на для сшива́ния кишо́к — casing sewing machineмаши́на для твё́рдой па́йки — brazing machineмаши́на для тендериза́ции мя́са — meat renderizing machine, meat tenderizerмаши́на для термофикса́ции тка́ни — fabric-baking machineмаши́на для тка́ни, контро́льно-упако́вочная — cloth-inspection [cloth-looking, examining] machineмаши́на для удале́ния метё́лок кукуру́зы — detasseling machineмаши́на для удале́ния сердцеви́ны плодо́в — coring machine, corerмаши́на для удале́ния щети́ны со свины́х туш — hog dehairing machineмаши́на для упако́вки в бо́чки — barrel packing machineмаши́на для упако́вки в карто́нную та́ру — carton packing machine, carton packerмаши́на для упако́вки в я́щики — casing [case packing] machine, case packerмаши́на для устано́вки столбо́в — pole setterмаши́на для устано́вки шта́нговой кре́пи — roof bolting machineмаши́на для чи́стки ламе́лей текст. — drop-wire cleaning machineмаши́на для чи́стки лица́ кож. — scudding [slating] machineмаши́на для шитья́ внаки́дку полигр. — saddle stitch machineмаши́на для шитья́ вта́чку полигр. — side stitch machineмаши́на для штампо́вки ма́триц полигр. — die-making machineмаши́на для штенгелё́вки колб — bulb tubulating machineмаши́на для электролити́ческого луже́ния — electrolytic tinning machineмаши́на для электроэрозио́нной обрабо́тки — electrical discharge machineмаши́на для эмульсио́нного травле́ния полигр. — powderless etcherдобы́чная маши́на горн. — winning [getting] machineдово́дочная маши́на — lapping machineдождева́льная маши́на — sprinkling machine, sprinklerдождева́льная, дальнестру́йная маши́на — long-range sprinkling machineдождева́льная, консо́льная маши́на — boom(-type) sprinkling machineдождева́льная, короткостру́йная маши́на — short-range sprinkling machineдождева́льная, самохо́дная маши́на — self-propelled rainerдождева́льная, среднестру́йная маши́на — medium-range sprinkling machineдои́льная маши́на — milking machine, milkerдои́льная маши́на с вё́драми — bucker milking machineдоро́жно-строи́тельная маши́на — road-building machineдревотё́рочная маши́на полигр. — pulpwood log grinderдрена́жная маши́на — drainage machineдрена́жно-крото́вая маши́на — mole ditcherдреноукла́дочная маши́на — drain-installing machine, drainlayerдробестру́йная маши́на — shot blasting machineдробестру́йная маши́на для очи́стки прока́та от ока́лины — blast descalerдроби́льная маши́на лес. — hogging machineдрожжеформо́вочная маши́на — yeast extruding machineдублиро́вочная маши́на — doubling machine, plying-up equipmentжакка́рдовая маши́на — jacquard loom, jacquard machineжакка́рдовая, двухподъё́мная маши́на с полуоткры́тым зе́вом — open shed jacquard loomжакка́рдовая, двухпри́зменная маши́на — two-cylinder jacquard loomжакка́рдовая, одноподъё́мная маши́на — single-lift jacquard loomжакка́рдовая, одноподъё́мная однореми́зная маши́на — single-lift single-cylinder jacquard loomжакка́рдовая маши́на с па́дающими крючка́ми — dropper jacquard loomжгутоотжи́мная маши́на текст. — rope squeezerжгутопромы́вная маши́на текст. — dolly [rope-washing] machineжестепеча́тная маши́на полигр. — tin printing pressзава́лочная маши́на — charging machine, chargerзава́лочная маши́на для концентра́та — concentrate charging machineзава́лочная маши́на для ло́ма — scrap chargerзава́лочная маши́на для сли́тков — ingot chargerзава́лочная маши́на кра́нового ти́па — overhead(-type) charging machineзава́лочная, лотко́вая маши́на — Calderon scrap chargerзава́лочная, напо́льная маши́на — low-ground (type) charging machineзава́лочная, передвижна́я маши́на — mobile box chargerзава́лочная, поворо́тная маши́на — rotary chargerзава́лочная, подвесна́я маши́на — overhead(-type) charging machineзава́рочная маши́на свз. — sealing-in machineзавё́рточная маши́на — wrapping machine, wrapperзаги́бочная маши́на — collaring machineзагру́зочная маши́на — charging machine, chargerзака́лочная маши́на — quenching [hardening] machineзака́точная маши́на1. метал. beading machine2. ( для консервных банок) (can-)sealing [seaming, edge-curling] machine, seamerзака́точная маши́на для сига́р — cigar rolling machine, cigar rollerзакла́дочная маши́на горн. — packing [stowing] machine, stowerзакла́дочная, мета́тельная маши́на — gob stowerзакла́дочная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — blast stowerзакла́дочная, пневмати́ческая маши́на ни́зкого давле́ния — low pressure air stowerзакле́ивающая маши́на пищ. — glu(e)ing [gumming] machineзаклё́почно-обка́тная маши́на — rivet spinnerзакре́почная маши́на кож. — bar tacking machineзакро́йная маши́на — cloth-cutting machineзама́сливающая маши́на текст. — oil padding machineзапа́ечная маши́на ( для запайки концов жестяных консервных банок) — end soldering machineзапра́вочная маши́на метал. — fettling machineзатяжна́я маши́на кож. — lasting machine, lasterзацентро́вочная маши́на ( для трубных заготовок) — centring machineзачи́стная маши́на для огнево́й зачи́стки кислоро́дно-ацетиле́новым пла́менем — oxy-acetylene scarfing machineзачи́стная маши́на для сли́тков — pecling machineзачи́стная маши́на для шпал — tie spot machineзачи́стная, фре́зерная маши́на — milling machineзаши́вочная маши́на ( для мешкотары) — (bag-)closing machineземлеро́йная маши́на — earth-moving machineземлеро́йно-фре́зерная маши́на — excavating milling machineзерни́льная маши́на полигр. — grainer, graining machineзерноочисти́тельная маши́на — grain-cleaning machine, grain cleanerзерноочисти́тельная, ветрорешё́тная маши́на — air-and-screen cleanerзерносортиро́вочная маши́на — grain graderзолотопромы́вочная маши́на — gold washerзубозака́лочная маши́на — tooth-quenching machineизвестегаси́льная маши́на — lime-slaking machineизмельчи́тельная маши́на пищ. — mincer, mincing [reducing] machine, shredderизмери́тельная маши́на кож. — leather-measuring machineинерцио́нно-уда́рная маши́на — impact power toolинформацио́нная маши́на — data-processing [information] machineиспыта́тельная маши́на — testing machine, testerиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния на абрази́вное изна́шивание — abrasive testerиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния на растяже́ние — сжа́тие — direct stress machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния на скру́чивание — torsion testing machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния на твё́рдость — hardness testing machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния на уста́лость — fatigue [endurance] testing machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния на уста́лость при изги́бе — rotating beam-type machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для испыта́ния при знакопереме́нной динами́ческой нагру́зке — alternating impact machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для материа́лов — (materials) testing machineиспыта́тельная маши́на для рессо́р — spring testing machine, spring testing rigиспыта́тельная маши́на для труб — pipe-testing machineиспыта́тельная, разры́вная маши́на — tensile-testing machineкабелеразмо́точная маши́на — paying-out machineкалибро́вочная маши́на1. прок. gauging machine2. пищ. size-grading [sizing] machine, size grader, sizerкамнебури́льная маши́на — rock-boring [rock-drilling] machineкамнеотбо́рочная маши́на пищ. — stoning machine, stonerкамнере́зная маши́на — rock-cutting [stone-cutting] machineкамнеубо́рочная маши́на — stone-picking machine, stone [rock] pickerканатокрути́льная маши́на — rope-twisting machineканто́вочная маши́на полигр. — flat-and-back stripping machineкапта́льно-окле́ечная маши́на полигр. — head-banding machineкарбонизацио́нная маши́на текст. — carbonizing machineкардовяза́льная маши́на — card-binding [card-lacing] machineкардочеса́льная маши́на — card, carder, carding machineкартоноде́лательная маши́на — cardboard machineкартонораскро́йная маши́на — case making machineкартоноре́зальная маши́на — cardboard cutterкартоносека́тельная маши́на текст. — card-cutting [card-punching, card-stamping] machineкетлё́вочная маши́на — binding-off [looping, linking] machineке́ттельная маши́на — binding-off [looping, linking] machineклеема́зальная маши́на полигр. — gluerклеема́зальная и окле́ечная маши́на полигр. — back glueing-and-stripping machineклеенама́зывающая маши́на пищ. — glu(e)ing [gumming] machineклеепрома́зочная маши́на пласт., кож. — spreaderклейми́льная маши́на кож. — stamping machine, markerклеймо́вочная маши́на маш. — stamping [marking] machineклепа́льная маши́на — rivet(t)ing machine, rivet(t)erклепа́льная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — pneumatic riveting machineклепа́льная, уда́рная маши́на — percussion riveting machineкниговста́вочная маши́на полигр. — casing-in machineко́вочная маши́на — forging machine; ( в производстве ковкого вольфрама) swagerко́вочная, горизонта́льная маши́на — horizontal forging machineко́вочная, оса́дочная маши́на — upsetting machineко́вочная, ротацио́нная маши́на — swaging machineко́кильная маши́на — chill casting machineкоконокалибро́вочная маши́на — cocoonriddling machineкокономота́льная маши́на — cocoon winding machineкоконорастря́сочная маши́на — coccoon beating [beetling] machineколле́кторная маши́на эл. — commutator machineколоти́льная маши́на кож. — beetleкондиро́вочная маши́на — syrup crystallizing machineконфетоотса́дочная маши́на — candy deposing machineконцерва́льная маши́на текст. — pulling machineкоордина́тно-измери́тельная маши́на астр. — plate-measuring engineкопирова́льно-мно́жительная маши́на полигр. — step-and-repeat (printing down) machineкормоприготови́тельная маши́на — food preparing machineкорморазда́точная маши́на — feed distributorкорнова́льная маши́на полигр. — grainer, graining machineкорпусообразу́ющая маши́на ( для консервных банок) — body-making machineкорпусоотли́вочная маши́на ( для драже) — core depositing machine, core depositorкорчева́льная маши́на — root extractor, brush plough; stamperкосточковыбивна́я маши́на — pitting [stoning] machine, pitterкраси́льная маши́на — dyeing machineкраси́льная маши́на для пря́жи в мотка́х — hank-dyeing machineкраси́льная маши́на для пря́жи на пако́вках — cop-dyeing machineкраси́льная маши́на конве́йерного ти́па — conveyer piece dyeing machineкраси́льная, ло́пастная маши́на — paddle dyeing machineкраси́льная, рециркуляцио́нная маши́на — circulating dyeing machineкраси́льная, ро́ликовая маши́на — jig dyeing machineкраси́льная, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary dyeing machineкраси́льная маши́на с вибра́тором — pulsator dyeing machineкремовзбива́льная маши́на — cream beating machine, creamerкромкозаги́бочная маши́на1. edging machine2. ( для консервных банок) beading machineкругли́льно-каширова́льная маши́на полигр. — rounder-and-backerкругловяза́льная маши́на — circular knitter, circular knitting machine, round knitting frameкругловяза́льная маши́на ворсово́го переплете́ния — circular fleece knitting machineкругловяза́льная, корса́жная маши́на — circular bodice machineкругловяза́льная, однофонту́рная маши́на — circular knitting machine with one set of needleкругловяза́льная маши́на с крючко́выми и́глами — circular beard-needle [spring-needle] knitting machineкругловяза́льная маши́на с язычко́выми и́глами — circular latch-needle knitting machineкругловяза́льная, уто́чная маши́на — circular weft-knitting machineкругловяза́льная, шту́чная маши́на — body-size circular knitting machineкруглочуло́чная маши́на — circular footwear machine, circular hose knitterкрупосорти́ровочная маши́на — groats graderкрупошлифова́льная маши́на — pearl mill, pearlerкрути́льная маши́на текст. — twisting frameкрути́льная маши́на двойно́го круче́ния — double-twist twisting machineкрути́льная, двухъя́русная маши́на — two-decker machineкрути́льная, реверси́вная маши́на мех. — reversed torsion machineкры́твенная маши́на полигр. — covering machineкрышкоде́лательная маши́на полигр. — case-making machine, case makerкрышкосбо́рочная маши́на полигр. — case assembling machineкуделеприготови́тельная маши́на — flax tow preparing machine, tow cleaner, tow scutcherкуколеотбо́рочная маши́на — cockle separator, cocklerкули́рная маши́на — loop-forming sinker web machineкуракоубо́рочная маши́на — cotton-scraping machineлакирова́льная маши́на полигр. — varnishing machineламе́льно-пробо́рная маши́на текст. — dropper pinning machineла́стичная маши́на текст. — cotton rib top frameлегкова́я маши́на см. легковой автомобильлентоотли́вочная маши́на — sheet-forming machineлентосва́рочная маши́на — strip-welding machineлентосоедини́тельная маши́на текст. — sliver lap machineле́нточная маши́на текст. — drawing frameлесова́лочная маши́на — tree breaker, tree dozerлесопогру́зочная маши́на — timber loaderлесопоса́дочная маши́на — tree planting machine, tree planterлинова́льная ди́сковая маши́на полигр. — disc ruling machineли́нтерная маши́на — delinterлистоги́бочная маши́на — plate-bending [sheet-bending] machine, sheet benderлистоги́бочная, валко́вая маши́на — roller sheet-metal bending machineлистообразу́ющая маши́на пласт. — sheet-forming machineлистоподбо́рочная маши́на полигр. — collating(-and-gathering) machine, collatorлистоправи́льная маши́на — sheet-straightening [plate-levelling] machine, sheet straightener, sheet levellerлистоправи́льная маши́на без регули́рования проги́ба валко́в — non-pressure regulating roller levellerлистоправи́льная, многовалко́вая маши́на — backed-up roller levellerлисторе́зальная маши́на полигр. — sheeting machineлистосва́рочная (стыкова́я) маши́на — straight-line seam welderлистосортиро́вочная маши́на — sheet classifierлите́йная маши́на — casting [foundry] machineлите́йная маши́на для литья́ в постоя́нные фо́рмы — permanent-mould casting machineлите́йная маши́на для литья́ под давле́нием — die casting machineлите́йная маши́на для центробе́жного литья́ — centrifugal casting machineлитеронабо́рная маши́на — letter-setting machineлитогра́фская маши́на — lithographic pressлоги́ческая маши́на — logic(al) machineломтере́зальная маши́на — slicing machine, slicerлощи́льная маши́на кож. — glazing machineлуди́льная маши́на — tinning machineлущи́льная маши́на — hulling machine, hullerльнорассти́лочная маши́на — flax spreading machineльнотрепа́льная маши́на — flax scutching machine, flax scutcherмагнитоэлектри́ческая маши́на — permanent-magnet machineмалоформа́тная вкла́дочная маши́на полигр. — stufferмаркирова́льная маши́на ( для почты) — frankerмаркиро́вочная маши́на — labelling [marking] machineмаркиро́вочная, краскопеча́тная маши́на — ink markerматемати́ческая маши́на — mathematical machineма́трично-гравирова́льная маши́на — matrix-engraving machineмездри́льная маши́на кож. — pelt fleshing machineмере́йная маши́на кож. — boarding machineмери́льная маши́на текст. — measuring machineмери́льно-нака́тная маши́на текст. — cloth winding-and-measuring machineмери́льно-склада́льная маши́на текст. — cloth measuring-and-lapping machineмерсеризацио́нная маши́на — mercerizing machineмеси́льная маши́на (напр. тестомесительная машина) — kneading machine, kneader (e. g., dough-kneader machine, dough-kneader)мно́жительная маши́на — duplicating machine, duplicatorмно́жительная, офсе́тная маши́на — offset duplicatorмо́ечная маши́на — washing machine, washerмо́ечная, бараба́нная маши́на — drum-type washerмо́ечная, бесщё́точная маши́на — brushless washerмо́ечная, вентиля́торная маши́на — ventilator washerмо́ечная, вибрацио́нная маши́на — shaker washerмо́ечная, карусе́льная маши́на — wheel washerмо́ечная, ло́пастная маши́на — paddle-type [flapper] washerмо́ечная, противото́чная маши́на — counter-current washerмо́ечная, прямото́чная маши́на — straight-through [straightway(-type) ] washerмо́ечная, ро́торно-элева́торная маши́на — squirrel cage washerмо́ечная, тунне́льная маши́на — tunnel washerмо́ечная, цепна́я маши́на — chain-type washerмо́ечная, шне́ковая маши́на — screw-type washing machineмо́ечная, шпри́цевая маши́на — spray washerмо́ечная, щё́точная маши́на — brush washerмо́ечная, элева́торная маши́на — elevator washing machine, elevator washerмаши́на мо́крого шлифова́ния кож. — wet-buffing machineмонпансе́йная маши́на — drop roller machineмота́льная маши́на текст. — winding machine, winderмота́льная, веретё́нная маши́на — spindle winding machineмота́льная, горизонта́льная маши́на — drum winding machine, winding frame with horizontal spindlesмота́льная, двусторо́нняя маши́на — double-faced [double-sided] winding machineмота́льная, клубо́чная маши́на — balling [ball-winding] machineмота́льная, паралле́льная маши́на — cheese-winding machineмота́льная, перего́нная маши́на — redrawing [rewinding] machineмота́льная, поча́точная маши́на — cop-winding machineмота́льная маши́на с кана́вчатыми бараба́нчиками — drum winding machine, split drum winderмота́льная маши́на с разрезны́ми бараба́нчиками — slit-drum winding machineмягчи́льная маши́на текст. — cloth mellowing machineмя́льная маши́на текст. — breaking machineмя́льно-трепа́льная маши́на — scutching-and-braking machine, breaker and scutcherнабивна́я маши́на пищ. — stuffing machine, stufferнабивна́я, поршнева́я маши́на — piston-type stufferнабо́рная маши́на — typesetting [composing] machine, typesetterнабо́рная, буквоотливна́я маши́на — typecasting machineнабо́рная, буквоотливна́я крупноке́гельная маши́на — display type-casting machineнабо́рная маши́на для отли́вки стереоти́пов — stereotype plate casting machineнабо́рная, пробе́льно-лине́ечная маши́на — material makerнабо́рная, строкоотливна́я маши́на — slug-casting machineнабо́рная, строкоотливна́я крупноке́гельная маши́на — display type linecasterнабо́рная, строкопеча́тающая маши́на — composition-by-typing systemнабо́рная, строкопроеци́рующая маши́на — photographic type composition machineнабо́рно-пи́шущая маши́на — typewriterнабо́рно-фотографи́рующая маши́на — phototypesetting machineмаши́на на железнодоро́жном ходу́, бурова́я — rail-riding drilling machineнака́тная маши́на1. метал. knurling machine2. текст. rolling(-up) [batching] machineнамо́точная маши́на — winding machineнаполни́тельная маши́на пищ. — filler, filling machineнаполни́тельная и заде́лочная маши́на ( для тары) — filling-and-sealing machineнаполни́тельная, многопатро́нная маши́на — multihead fillerнасти́лочная маши́на текст. — cloth-laying machineмаши́на непреры́вного де́йствия — continuous(-type) machineмаши́на непреры́вного де́йствия, отва́рочная — continuous boil-off machineмаши́на непреры́вной разли́вки — continuous casting machineниткошве́йная маши́на полигр. — book sewing machine, book sewerносо́чная маши́на — half-hose machineнумерацио́нная маши́на кфт. — numbering machineобва́лочная маши́на — boning machineобвя́зочная маши́на — banding machineобвя́зочная маши́на для руло́нов прок. — coil banding machineобвя́зочная маши́на для таба́чных ли́стьев — tobacco looperобди́рочная маши́на — shucking machine, shucker; stripping machineобезрепе́ивающая маши́на — burring machineобё́рточная маши́на — covering [overwrapping] machine, wrapperобё́рточная маши́на для карто́нной та́ры — carton wrapping machine, carton wrapperобё́рточная маши́на для плё́нки — film overwrapping machine, film wrapperобжа́рочная маши́на — roasting machine, roasterобо́ечная маши́на — hulling machine, huller; scouring machine, scourerобо́ечная, нажда́чная маши́на — emery scouring machine, emery scourerобо́ечно-шелуши́льная маши́на — scouring-and-peeling machineобрезна́я маши́на — corner-cutting machineобрезна́я маши́на для кни́жных бло́ков — book trimming machineобручеоса́дочная маши́на — claw trussing machineобтяжна́я маши́на кож. — pulling-over machineобуча́ющая маши́на — teaching machineовсюгоотбо́рочная маши́на — oat separatorмаши́на огнево́й зачи́стки метал. — scarfing machine, (flame) scarferмаши́на огнево́й фасо́нной ре́зки — flame-shape cutting machineоканто́вочная маши́на полигр. — flat-and-back stripping machineокле́ечно-капта́льная маши́на полигр. — back-lining [lining-and-head-banding] machine, backlinerоко́рочная маши́на — barking machineопа́ливающая, пли́тная маши́на — plate singeing machineопа́ливающая, цилиндри́ческая маши́на — cylinder [rotary] singeing machineопа́лочная маши́на ( для свиных туш) — singeing machineоплё́точная маши́на текст. — braiding machineопола́скивающая маши́на — rinsing machine, rinserопры́скивающая маши́на — spraying machine, sprayerмаши́на опти́ческой печа́ти — optical printing machine, optical printerосмо́лочная маши́на — pitching machineоснововяза́льная маши́на — warp-knitting machine, warp loomоснововяза́льная, двойна́я маши́на — double-tricot machineоснововяза́льная, двухфонту́рная маши́на — double-warp machineоснововяза́льная, кру́глая маши́на — circular warp-knitting machineоснововяза́льная, трикота́жная маши́на — raschel machineоснововяза́льная, филе́йная маши́на — fillet machineостри́льная маши́на метал. — bar pointerостри́льная, ручна́я маши́на — hand pointerостри́льная маши́на с электропри́водом — electric-power pointerотбрако́вочная маши́на — quality-control machineотбрако́вочная маши́на для консе́рвных ба́нок — can rejecting machineотде́лочная маши́на — finishing machine, finisherотде́лочная маши́на для листово́го мета́лла — plate-working machineотде́лочная, нажда́чная маши́на текст. — emerizing machineотде́лочная, противоуса́дочная маши́на текст. — compressive shrinking machineотжи́мная маши́на1. кож. wringing machine, leather wringer, samming machine2. текст. extracting machineотжи́мно-обезжи́ривающая маши́на ( для черёв) — casing stripping-and-fatting machineотса́дочная маши́на ( в процессе обогащения) метал. — jigging machine, jig(ger)отса́дочная, беспоршнева́я маши́на — air-driven pulsating jigотса́дочная, быстрохо́дная маши́на — fast jig washerотса́дочная, вибрацио́нная маши́на — pulsator jigотса́дочная, вибрацио́нно-поршнева́я маши́на — vibro-piston [vibro-pneumatic] jigотса́дочная, диафра́гмовая маши́на — diaphragm jigотса́дочная, дово́дочная маши́на — finishing jigотса́дочная, ло́пастная маши́на — paddle jigотса́дочная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — air-pulsated [pneumatic] jigотса́дочная, поршнева́я маши́на — piston [plunger] jigотса́дочная маши́на с механи́ческой отмы́вкой — vanning jigотса́дочная маши́на с неподви́жным решето́м — fixed-sieve jigотса́дочная маши́на с подви́жным решето́м — buddle [movable sieve] jigотса́дочно-формо́вочная маши́на пищ. — depositing machineоцинко́вочная маши́на — galvanizing machineочисти́тельная маши́на1. cleaning machine, cleaner2. ( для снятия кожуры с плодов) peeling machine, peelerочисти́тельная, абрази́вная маши́на — abrasive peelerочисти́тельная, возду́шно-решё́тная маши́на — air-and-screen cleanerочисти́тельная маши́на для дрена́жных труб — drain cleanerочисти́тельная маши́на для форм — mould cleaning machineочисти́тельная, решё́тная маши́на — screen cleanerочисти́тельная, щё́точная маши́на — brush cleaner, brusherочи́стная, галто́вочная маши́на — cleaning tumbler, tumbling machineочи́стная маши́на для труб — pipe-swabbing machineочи́стная, дробемё́тная маши́на — shot-throwing machineочи́стная, дробестру́йная маши́на — shot-blasting machineпа́голечная котто́нная маши́на — cotton legging machineпа́ечная маши́на — soldering machineпа́ечная маши́на для жестяны́х консе́рвных ба́нок — can soldering machineпакетиро́вочная маши́на ( для бунтов) — capstanпакетиро́вочная, шестишта́нговая маши́на ( для бунтов) — six pronged capstanпакетоде́лательная маши́на — bag making machine, bag makerпакетоформиру́ющая маши́на — bag forming machine, bag formerпакова́льная маши́на полигр. — bundling machineпаниро́вочная маши́на — breading machine, breaderпаркетоотде́лочная маши́на — floor-polisher machineпаркетостро́гальная маши́на — floor dresserпарова́я маши́на — steam engineпарова́я маши́на компа́унд — compound steam engineпарова́я, прямото́чная маши́на — uniflow steam engineпарова́я маши́на с противодавле́нием — back-pressure steam engineпарова́я маши́на танде́м — tandem steam engineпемзова́льная маши́на кож. — rasping machineпемзова́льная маши́на для отде́лки тка́ни под за́мшу — cloth pumicing machineпензело́вочная маши́на пищ. — casing farting machineпенькотрепа́льная маши́на — hemp-scutching machineперего́нная маши́на текст. — taping [warp rebeaming] machineпереплё́тная маши́на — bookbinding machineмаши́на периоди́ческого де́йствия — batch(-type) machineпероощи́пывающая маши́на — defeathering [plucking] machine, pluckerпескостру́йная маши́на — sandblast machineпетлеобмё́точная маши́на — button-hole machineпеча́тная маши́на — printing machine, (printing) pressпеча́тная маши́на балко́нного ти́па — balcony-type (printing) pressпеча́тная, ва́личная маши́на текст. — roller printing machineпеча́тная маши́на высо́кой печа́ти — letter (printing) press, relief printing pressпеча́тная маши́на глубо́кой печа́ти — intaglio (printing) pressпеча́тная, двухкра́сочная маши́на — two-color (printing) pressпеча́тная, двухоборо́тная маши́на — two-revolution (printing) pressпеча́тная, двухсекцио́нная маши́на — two-unit (printing) pressпеча́тная, двухъя́русная маши́на — two-decker (printing) pressпеча́тная маши́на для акциде́нтной проду́кции — job press, jobberпеча́тная маши́на для двусторо́нней печа́ти — perfecting machine, perfecting press, perfectorпеча́тная маши́на для печа́ти с ги́бких форм — wrap-around (printing) pressпеча́тная маши́на для печа́ти спо́собом сухо́го офсе́та — dry offset pressпеча́тная маши́на для термографи́ческой печа́ти — thermographic machineпеча́тная маши́на для трафаре́тной печа́ти — screen (process printing) pressпеча́тная маши́на для шёлкотрафаре́тной печа́ти — silk-screen pressпеча́тная, листова́я маши́на — sheet-fed machine, sheet-fed (printing) pressпеча́тная, одноя́русная маши́на — floor level (printing) pressпеча́тная, одноя́русная многосекцио́нная маши́на — tandem-type pressпеча́тная, офсе́тная маши́на — offset pressпеча́тная, офсе́тная маши́на для двусторо́нней печа́ти — offset perfectorпеча́тная, офсе́тная маши́на для пло́ской печа́ти — flat-bed offset pressпеча́тная, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary pressпеча́тная, руло́нная маши́на — web(-fed) pressпеча́тная маши́на с набо́рными шабло́нами текст. — block printing machineпеча́тная, стоп-цили́ндровая маши́на — stopcylinder (printing) pressпеча́тная, термографи́ческая маши́на — thermographic (printing) machineпеча́тная, ти́гельная маши́на — platen (printing) pressпеча́тная, трёхсекцио́нная маши́на двойно́й ширины́ — sextuple (printing) pressпеча́тная, универса́льная маши́на — multipurpose pressпеча́тная, фототи́пная маши́на — phototype (printing) pressпеча́тная, цилиндри́ческая маши́на текст. — cylinder printing machineпеча́тно-высека́льная маши́на — printing and die-cutting machineписьмосортиро́вочная маши́на — letter-sorting machineпластифици́рующая маши́на ( для масла) — plasticizing machineплиссиро́вочная маши́на — pleating machineплосковяза́льная маши́на — flat knitting machineплоскопеча́тная маши́на1. полигр. flat-bed printing machine2. текст. copper-plate printing machineплющи́льная маши́на — upsetting machine, upsetterподбо́рочно-скле́ечная маши́на — glueing collectorподбо́рочно-шве́йная маши́на — gatherer-stitcherподъё́мная маши́на — hoist engineподъё́мная маши́на на копре́ — tower winder, tower hoistподъё́мная маши́на слепо́го ствола́ горн. — aple-shaft hoistподъё́мная, ша́хтная маши́на — mine winder, mine hoistподъё́мная, электри́ческая маши́на — electric winder, electric hoistпожа́рная маши́на — fire engineполивна́я маши́на — irrigating machineполиро́вочная маши́на — polishing machineпомадовзбива́льная маши́на — fondant boiling and creaming [fondant cream beating] machineпопере́чно-ре́зальная маши́на полигр. — rotary cross cutterпопере́чно-стрига́льная маши́на текст. — cross-cutting [cross-shearing] machineпородопогру́зочная маши́на — rock loader, muckerпородоубо́рочная маши́на — muckerпородоубо́рочная, стволова́я маши́на — shaft muckerпородоубо́рочная, стволова́я гре́йферная маши́на — grab-bucket shaft muckerпоса́дочная маши́на — planting machine, plant setter, transplanted, mechanical planterпосудомо́ечная маши́на — dish washing machineпочвообраба́тывающая маши́на — tilling [cultivating] machineпочвообраба́тывающая, фре́зерная маши́на — rotary cultivator, rotary tillerправи́льная маши́на — straightening [gag-straightening, flattening] machine, levellerправи́льная маши́на для ба́лок — beam straightenerправи́льная маши́на для кру́глой ста́ли — round straigntenerправи́льная маши́на для то́лстых листо́в — plate-levelling [plate-straightening] machineправи́льная маши́на для труб и кру́глых штанг — bar-and-tube straightening machineправи́льная маши́на для угловы́х про́филей — angle straightening machineправи́льная, многовалко́вая маши́на — multiroll straightenerправи́льная, многоро́ликовая маши́на — multiroll straightening machineправи́льная маши́на плу́нжерного ти́па — plunger-type leveling machineправи́льная, прецизио́нная маши́на — precision levellerправи́льная, прутко́во-тру́бная маши́на — bar-and-tube straightening machineправи́льная, растя́жная маши́на — stretching machine, stretcher levellerправи́льная, ро́ликовая маши́на — roller-type straightening machine, roll straightenerправи́льная, ротацио́нная маши́на с косы́ми ро́ликами — cross-roll straightenerправи́льная маши́на с геликоида́льными ро́ликами — concave roll straightenerправи́льная маши́на с двумя́ ряда́ми ро́ликов — two-high roller levellerправи́льная маши́на с опо́рными ро́ликами — backed-up type roller levellerправи́льная маши́на с регули́рованием проги́ба валко́в — pressure regulatingправи́льная маши́на с четырёхря́дным расположе́нием ро́ликов — four-high roller levellerправи́льно-растяжна́я, гидравли́ческая маши́на — hydraulic stretcherпрессовыдувна́я маши́на — press-and-blow machineприви́вочная маши́на — grafting machineприпра́вочная маши́на полигр. — make-ready machineпробкоукупо́рочная маши́на — corking machine, corkerпроволокообвя́зывающая маши́на — wire-tying [wiring] machineпроволокошве́йная маши́на полигр. — wire stitcher, staplerпроволокошве́йная, коро́бочная маши́на — wire-stitching box-making machineпроволокошве́йная, одноаппара́тная маши́на — single-bead wire stitcherпроволокосшивна́я маши́на пищ. — wire stitching machine, wire stitcherпрома́зочная маши́на пласт. — spreading [coating] machineпрома́сливающая маши́на — oiling machineпрома́сливающая, ро́ликовая маши́на — oil roll machineпромывна́я маши́на текст. — scouring machine, scourerпромывна́я маши́на для кусково́го това́ра — piece-scouring machineпромывна́я маши́на для пря́жи в мотка́х — hank-scouring machineпромывна́я маши́на для тка́ни враспра́вку — broad-washing [full-width scouring] machineпромывна́я, многоба́рочная маши́на — multitube scouring machineпромывна́я, одноба́рочная маши́на — onetube scouring machineпромывна́я маши́на с отжимны́ми вала́ми — roller washing [rollex] machineпромывна́я маши́на с эллипти́ческими бараба́нчиками — elliptical wince washing machineпропи́точная маши́на — impregnating machineпропи́точная, краси́льная маши́на — penetrating-type dyeing machineпросе́ивающая маши́на — sifting [screening, bolting] machine, bolter, bolting millпросе́ивающая, щё́точная маши́на — brush sifting machine, brush sifterпроти́рочная маши́на1. пищ. pulping machine, pulper2. с.-х. trituratorпроти́рочная, центробе́жная маши́на — centrifugal pulping machineпрофилеги́бочная маши́на — profile-iron bending machineпрохо́дческая маши́на — beading [bead-road, tunneling] machine, head-roaderпрохо́дческая, погру́зочная маши́на — tunneling loading machine; headroad loaderпрошивна́я маши́на кож. — Blake [sewing] machineпроя́вочная маши́на — processing [developing] machineпроя́вочная, стру́йная маши́на — spray developing machineпряди́льная маши́на — spinning frameпряди́льная, боби́нная маши́на — bobbin spinning machineпряди́льная, камво́льная маши́на — worsted spinning machineпряди́льная, односторо́нняя маши́на — single-sided spinning machineпряди́льная маши́на периоди́ческого де́йствия — muleпряди́льная, центрифуга́льная маши́на — centrifugal spinning machineпу́говичная маши́на — button machineпульпоотделя́ющая маши́на — depulping machineпутеочисти́тельная маши́на ( для откаточных путей) — haulageway cleanerпутерихто́вочная маши́на ж.-д. — track-lining machine, track linerпятновыводна́я маши́на — cleansing-and-spotting machineрабо́чие маши́ны — (собирательный термин: технологические) material-working machinery; ( транспортные) materials-handling machineryразби́вочная маши́на кож. — stakerразводна́я маши́на кож. — putting-out [setting-out] machineразгру́зочная маши́на — discharging machineразли́вочная маши́на1. метал. casting machine2. пищ. (liquid) filling machine, fillerразли́вочная, гравитацио́нная маши́на — gravity filling machineразли́вочная маши́на для буты́лок — bottle filling machine, bottle fillerразли́вочная, изобари́ческая маши́на — pressure-type filling machineразли́вочная, поршнева́я маши́на — piston filling machineразли́вочная, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary filling machine, rotary fillerразли́вочная маши́на с противодавле́нием — counter-pressure rackerразли́вочно-укупо́рочная маши́на — filling-and-capping machineразме́точная маши́на прок. — measuring machineразмоле́вочная маши́на ( устройство для роспуска пучков брёвен) — unbundling machineразмо́льная маши́на — milling [grinding] machineразрывна́я маши́на полигр. — tearing machineрантовшивна́я маши́на — welt-sewing machineраскла́дочно-подбо́рочная маши́на ( для перфокарт) вчт. — collatorраскла́дочно-подбо́рочная маши́на выполня́ет объедине́ние двух масси́вов перфока́рт, располо́женных в поря́дке возраста́ния или убыва́ния при́знаков, в оди́н масси́в с таки́м же поря́дком при́знаков — a collator merges two decks of cards in a ascending or descending order into a single deck of the same orderраскла́дочно-подбо́рочная маши́на осуществля́ет отбо́р карт с па́рными при́знаками в двух масси́вах карт — a collator selects pairs of cards having exactly matching keys from two decksраскла́дочно-подбо́рочная маши́на отбира́ет и объединя́ет масси́вы карт — a collator carries out a match-merge operationsраспако́вочная маши́на — unpacking machine, unpackerраспило́вочная маши́на кож. — splitting machineраспыли́тельная маши́на — pulverizing machine, pulverizerрассадопоса́дочная маши́на — seedling [vegetable] planter, planting machineрастяжна́я маши́на — stretching machineрасфасо́вочно-упако́вочная маши́на — weighing-and-packing machineрасфасо́вочно-упако́вочная маши́на в карто́нную та́ру — carton-filling-and-sealing machineрасфасо́вочно-упако́вочная маши́на в паке́ты или мешки́ — bag-filling-and-closing machineре́зальная маши́на — cutting machine, cutterре́зальная маши́на гильоти́нного ти́па — guillotine-type cutting machine, guillotine-type cutterре́зальная, двухножева́я маши́на полигр. — double-knife cutting machine, duple cutterре́зальная, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary cutting machine, rotary cutterре́зальная маши́на с враща́ющимися лопастя́ми — rotary blade cutting machine, rotary blade cutterре́зально-упако́вочная маши́на — cut-wrap machineре́зательная маши́на кфт. — film-slitting machineре́зательная маши́на для про́фильной ре́зки метал. — profile cutting machineрельсоги́бочная маши́на — rail-cambering machineрельсоправи́льная маши́на — rail straightenerрельсосверли́льная маши́на — rail drilling machine, bonding drillремизолачи́льная маши́на — varnishing machineрилева́льная маши́на полигр. — creasing machineрисообди́рочная маши́на — rice-milling machine, rice scourer, rice millрихтова́льная маши́на — flattenerро́вничная маши́на текст. — roving frameро́вничная, перего́нная маши́на — intermediate roving frameро́вничная, та́зовая маши́на — slubbing frameро́ликовая, зака́лочно-рихто́вочная маши́на — rolling-quench machineро́ликовая, листоги́бочная маши́на — roll-bending [roll-forming] machineроликоги́бочная, непреры́вная маши́на — continuous roll-forming machineросткоотбо́йная маши́на — germ separating machine, germ separator, degerminating machine, degerminatorротацио́нно-обжи́мная маши́на — rotary-swaging machineруби́льная маши́на — chipping machine, wood cripperрулева́я маши́на — steering engineрулева́я, ло́пастная маши́на — vane-type steering engineрыборазде́лочная маши́на — fish dressing machine, fish dresserрыборе́зальная маши́на — fish cutting machine, fish cutterрыборе́зальная, ди́сковая маши́на — disk fish cutting machineрыбоупако́вочная маши́на — fish packing machineса́дочная маши́на — charging machine, chargerсажа́льная маши́на — plant setter, planterсамообуча́ющаяся маши́на — learning machineсба́вочная маши́на текст. — narrowing knitterмаши́на с безреду́кторным при́водом — direct-driven machineсваебо́йная маши́на — ram, pile driverсва́рочная маши́на — welding machine, welderсва́рочная маши́на для металли́ческих се́ток — wire-mesh welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для релье́фной сва́рки — projection welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для ро́ликовой сва́рки — seam-welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для ро́ликовой сва́рки встык — butt-seam welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для ро́ликовой сва́рки с ле́нточными накла́дками — foil butt-seam welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для стыково́й конта́ктной сва́рки — resistance [upset] butt-welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для стыково́й сва́рки — butt welding machine, butt welderсва́рочная маши́на для стыково́й сва́рки оплавле́нием — flash butt welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для то́чечной сва́рки — spot-welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для уда́рной сва́рки — percussion-welding machineсва́рочная маши́на для шо́вно-стыково́й сва́рки — butt-seam welding machineсва́рочная, и́мпульсная маши́на — shot welding machineсва́рочная, конденса́торная маши́на — storage-battery welding machine, electrostatic welderсва́рочная, конта́ктная маши́на — spot-welding [resistance welding] machineсва́рочная, лине́йно-ро́ликовая маши́на — seam-welding machineсва́рочная, многодугова́я маши́на — multiple-arc welding machineсва́рочная, многото́чечная маши́на — multiple-spot welding machineсва́рочная, однопостова́я маши́на — single-operator welding machineсва́рочная маши́на с педа́льным при́водом — foot-operated welding machineсва́рочная маши́на с ручны́м при́водом — hand-operated welding machineсва́рочная, стыкова́я маши́на — butt welding machineсва́рочная, то́чечная маши́на — spot-welding machineсва́рочная, то́чечная двусторо́нняя маши́на — duplex spot welding machineсва́рочная, то́чечная односторо́нняя маши́на — single-spot welderсва́рочная, то́чечно-ро́ликовая маши́на — stitch welding machineсва́рочная, электри́ческая маши́на — electric welding machineсвеклоре́зальная маши́на — beet slicing machine, beet slicerсветокопирова́льная маши́на — blueprinting machineсвива́льная маши́на текст. — closing machineсдва́ивающе-нака́тная маши́на текст. — cloth winder-and-doubler machineсемеочисти́тельная маши́на — seed separator, seed dresser, seed-cleaning machine, seed cleaner, seed sorterсемепротра́вочная маши́на — seed-treating machineсеноубо́рочная маши́на — hay-making machine, grass harvesterсигаре́тная маши́на — cigarette making machineсигаретоупако́вочная маши́на — cigarette packing machineсироподозиро́вочная маши́на — syruper(-filler)сиропоразли́вочная маши́на — syrup filling [syruping] machineситове́ечная маши́на — sieve purifierситцепеча́тная маши́на — cotton printing machineсклада́льная маши́на текст. — fabric-packaging machine; cloth-piling machineследова́я чуло́чно-носо́чная маши́на — footerсливковзбива́льная маши́на — creaming [cream beating] machine, creamerсмесова́я маши́на текст. — blending machineсме́шивающая маши́на — blending [mixing] machine, blender, mixerснегова́льная маши́на — snow making machineснегоубо́рочная маши́на — snow removal machineснова́льная маши́на — beaming [chain beaming, warping] machine, warping millснова́льная маши́на для жгу́товой осно́вы — warp-linking machineснова́льная, ле́нточная маши́на — cylinder [direct] warping machineснова́льная, партио́нная маши́на — beam [ordinary] warping machineснова́льная, партио́нная маши́на для сно́вки с кату́шек — cheese-warping machineснова́льная, партио́нная маши́на для сно́вки с ко́нусных боби́н — cone warping machineснова́льная, секцио́нная маши́на — section(al) warping machineснова́льная, секцио́нная маши́на для сно́вки с клубко́в — ball warp beaming machineснова́льная, секцио́нная маши́на с перего́нным механи́змом — sectional warping-and-beaming machineснова́льная маши́на с ко́нусным бараба́ном — cone warping machineсокоотжи́мная маши́на — juicing machineсортирова́льная маши́на1. ( для перфокарт) (card) sorterсортирова́льная маши́на группиру́ет перфока́рты по при́знаковым проби́вкам — a (card) sorter arranges (a deck of input) cards in sequence by a common key, a (card) sorter arranges [separates] (punched) cards according to a common key [a set of keys]2. с.-х. sizer, sorting machine, sorter, grading machine, graderсортирова́льная, ремё́нная маши́на с.-х. — belt sorterсортирова́льная, решё́тная маши́на с.-х. — screen grader, screen sizerсортирова́льная, ро́ликовая маши́на с.-х. — roller sizerсортирова́льно-подбо́рочная маши́на вчт. — collatorсортиро́вочная маши́на1. пищ. sorting machine, sorter, grading machine, grader2. прок. classifierсортиро́вочная, листова́я маши́на — sheet classifierсортоправи́льная маши́на прок. — section [shape, bar] straightenerсортоправи́льная, многоро́ликовая маши́на — multiroll bar-straightening machineсортоправи́льная, ро́ликовая маши́на — roller section-straightening [roller shape-straightening] machineмаши́на с отпа́ривающим столо́м, щё́точная — brushing-and-steaming machineспека́тельная маши́на метал. — sintering machineспло́точная маши́на ( для сплотки лесоматериалов) — bundling machineмаши́на с поворо́тным рабо́чим о́рганом горн. — ranging arm machineмаши́на с ремё́нным при́водом — belt-driven machineста́лкивательная маши́на полигр. — paper sheet joggerстеклоду́вная маши́на ( в производстве ламп) — bulb-blowing machineстеклоформу́ющая маши́на — glass-forming machineстержнева́я маши́на литейн. — core(-making) machineстержнева́я, поворо́тная маши́на литейн. — core roll-over machineстира́льная маши́на — washing machine, washerстрига́льная маши́на — shearing machine, shearer, blade-shearing machineстрига́льная, бараба́нная маши́на — cylinder shearing machineстрига́льная, двухцили́ндровая маши́на — double-cutter shearing machineстрига́льная маши́на с ва́куумным при́водом — vacuum-operated clipperстри́пперная маши́на метал. — stripping [stripper] machineстро́гальная маши́на1. пищ. chipping machine, chipper2. кож. shaving machine, shaverструноре́зальная маши́на пищ. — wire cut machineстыкова́я листосва́рочная маши́на — straight line seam welderсучкоре́зная маши́на лес. — lopping [pruning] machineмаши́на с цепны́м стежко́м, вымё́тывающая текст. — chain-stitch basting machineсчё́тная маши́на — calculating [adding] machine, calculatorсчё́тная, автомати́ческая маши́на — automatic calculatorсчё́тная, насто́льная маши́на — desk calculatorсчё́тная, портати́вная маши́на — hand-held calculatorсчё́тная, ручна́я маши́на — manual calculatorсчё́тная маши́на с вы́бором после́довательности де́йствий — selective-sequence calculatorсчё́тная, сдво́енная маши́на — duplex calculating machineсчё́тная, электро́нная маши́на — electronic calculatorсчё́тно-аналити́ческая маши́на — punched-card installation, punched-card machineсчё́тно-перфорацио́нная маши́на — punched-card installation, punched-card machineсчё́тно-сортиро́вочная маши́на — counting-and-sorting machineсшивна́я маши́на прок. — stitcherтабакоувлажни́тельная маши́на — tobacco humidifying machineтаблетиро́вочная маши́на — tablet compressing [powder tabletting] machineтаблетиро́вочная, одношта́мповая маши́на — single-punch tablet machineтеленабо́рная маши́на — teletypesetterтемпери́рующая маши́на — tempering machineтеплова́я маши́на — heat engineтё́рочная маши́на — grating [rubbing] machine, graterтестовальцо́вочная маши́на — dough rolling machine, dough sheeter dough sheeting rollerтестодели́тельная маши́на — dough dividing machine, dough dividerтестозака́точная маши́на — dough forming machineтестомеси́льная маши́на — doughing [dough-making, dough kneading, dough mixing] machine, dough mixer, dough kneaderтестомеси́льная, ви́лочная маши́на — fork-type blade dough mixerтестомеси́льная маши́на с враща́ющимся меси́тельным о́рганом — revolving arm dough mixerтестомеси́льная маши́на с двумя́ меси́льными о́рганами Z-обра́зной фо́рмы — double-Z-arm dough mixerтестомеси́льная, скоростна́я автомати́ческая маши́на — automatic high-speed dough mixerтестомеси́льная маши́на со стациона́рной дежо́й — stationary bowl dough mixerтестоокругли́тельная маши́на — dough rounding machine, dough rounder, dough ballerтестоотса́дочная маши́на — dough depositing machine, dough depositorтесторазде́лочная маши́на — dough make-up unitтестоформо́вочная маши́на — dough moulding [dough forming] machine, dough shaperтрави́льная маши́на1. полигр. etching machine, etcher2. метал. pickling machineтрави́льная, вертика́льная маши́на полигр. — vertical spray etcherтрави́льная, однопроце́ссная маши́на полигр. — powderless etcherтрави́льная маши́на периоди́ческого де́йствия метал. — rocker-type pickling machineтрави́льная маши́на с коромы́слом метал. — arm pickling machineтрамбо́вочная маши́на ( коксовой батареи) — ramming machineтрелё́вочная маши́на — skidding machineтрепа́льная маши́на — spreading machine, scutcherтрепа́льная, бараба́нная маши́на — turbine scutcherтрепа́льная, ва́тная маши́на — batting machineтрепа́льная маши́на для табака́ — tobacco ripping machineтрепа́льная, одноби́льная маши́на — single-scutcher [swingling] machineтрепа́льная, отде́лочная маши́на — finisher scutcherтрости́льная маши́на текст. — slubbing frameтрубоги́бочная маши́на — pipe-bending [tube-bending] machineтрубонаполни́тельная и уку́порочная маши́на — tube filling-and-closing machineтрубоправи́льная, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary tube straightenerтруборе́зательная маши́на — pipe-cutting [tube-cutting] machineтрубосва́рочная маши́на — pipe-welding [tube-welding] machine, pipe welderтрубоформо́вочная маши́на — pipe-moulding machineмаши́на трю́ковой опти́ческой печа́ти кфт. — special-effects optical printerмаши́на Тью́ринга киб. — Turing('s) machineтяну́льная маши́на кож. — staking machine, stakerтяну́льная маши́на для караме́льной ма́ссы — candy pulling machineубо́рочная маши́на с.-х. — harvester; ( для корнеплодов) digger; ( для плодов кустовых культур) pickerубо́рочная, бу́нкерная маши́на — tanker harvesterубо́рочная, ва́куумная маши́на — vacuum harvesterубо́рочная маши́на для вы́борочной убо́рки — selective harvesterубо́рочная маши́на для двухфа́зной убо́рки — indirect [two-phase] harvesterубо́рочная маши́на для са́харного тростника́ — cane cutterубо́рочная, навесна́я маши́на — linkage-mounted harvesterубо́рочная, одноря́дная маши́на — single-row harvesterубо́рочная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — suction harvesterубо́рочная маши́на с боковы́м выгрузны́м элева́тором — side-elevator harvesterубо́рочная маши́на с измельча́ющим аппара́том — chopper harvesterубо́рочная маши́на с рассти́лочным аппара́том — mat harvesterубо́рочная маши́на с цеповы́м измельча́ющим аппара́том — flail-type harvesterубо́рочная, узкозахва́тная маши́на — narrow-cut harvesterувлажни́тельная маши́на1. пищ. humidifying machine, humidifier2. текст. damping [dewing] machineугароочища́ющая маши́на — waste cleaning machine, waste cleanerуглепогру́зочная маши́на — coal loaderуда́рно-вибрацио́нная маши́на — shock-and-vibration machineузловяза́льная маши́на — knotting machineуку́порочная маши́на — capping machine, capper; ( для укупорки корковой пробкой) corking machineуку́порочная, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary capping machine, rotary capperупако́вочная маши́на — packing machine, packerупако́вочная, универса́льная маши́на — multipacking machineупако́вочно-вяза́льная маши́на полигр. — package-tying [bundle-tying] machineуплотня́ющая вибрацио́нная маши́на — vibrotampering machineуто́чно-мота́льная маши́на — cop(-winding) [weft-winding] machineуто́чно-мота́льная, ди́сковая, универса́льная маши́на — universal winding-and-quilling machineуто́чно-мота́льная маши́на с воро́нками — cop-winding machine with guiding conesуто́чно-насти́лочная маши́на — cop(-winding) [weft-winding] machineфакту́рная маши́на — accounting machineфальцева́льная маши́на полигр. — folding machine, folderфальцева́льная маши́на для бума́жных листо́в полигр. — paper-folding machineфальцева́льная, кассе́тная маши́на полигр. — buckle section folderфальцева́льная, многосекцио́нная маши́на полигр. — section folding machineфальцева́льная, ножева́я маши́на полигр. — blade [knife-type] folding machine, knife folderфальцева́льная, ножева́я, двухтетра́дная маши́на полигр. — duplex folderфальцева́льно-шве́йная маши́на полигр. — section folding-and-stitching machineфальцо́вочная маши́на1. дер.-об. rabbeting machine2. метал. seaming machineфасо́вочная маши́на — weighing-and-filling machineфасо́вочно-упако́вочная маши́на — weighing-and-packing machineфилетиро́вочная маши́на — (fish) filleting machineфланжиро́вочная маши́на — flangerфлотацио́нная маши́на — floatation machineфлотацио́нная, комбини́рованная маши́на — composite floatation machineфлотацио́нная, механи́ческая маши́на — mechanical floatation machineфлотацио́нная, многока́мерная маши́на — multicompartment floatation machineфлотацио́нная, пе́нная маши́на с переме́шиванием — agitation-froth machineфлотацио́нная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — pneumatic floatation machineфлотацио́нная маши́на с меша́лкой — agitator machineфольгозавё́рточная маши́на — foiling machineфольгозавё́рточная и этикетиро́вочная маши́на — foiling-and-banding machineфорзацприкле́ечная маши́на — end-and-front sheet pasting machineформиру́ющая маши́на дер.-об. — forming machineформо́вочная маши́на1. метал. moulding machine, moulder2. пищ. moulding [forming] machine, moulder3. кож. squeezerформо́вочная, встря́хивающая маши́на — jolt moulding machineформо́вочная маши́на для по́чвенных горшо́чков — soil-block machineформо́вочная маши́на для торфоперегно́йных горшо́чков — peat-soil block press, peat-soil block machineформо́вочная, пескоду́вная маши́на — mould blowerформо́вочная, пневмати́ческая маши́на — pneumatic moulding machineформо́вочная, пре́ссовая маши́на — squeeze moulding machineформо́вочная маши́на с поворо́тным столо́м пищ. — rotary table moulding machineфотокопирова́льная маши́на — photocopying machineфотонабо́рная маши́на — photocomposing machine, photosetterфотосбо́рочная маши́на — step-and-repeat machineфранкирова́льная маши́на — frankerхлопкоубо́рочная маши́на — cotton pickerхлопкоубо́рочная, бараба́нная шпи́ндельная маши́на — drum-type spindle pickerхлопкоубо́рочная, двухря́дная маши́на — two-row cotton pickerхлопкоубо́рочная, цепна́я маши́на — chain (belt) cotton pickerхлопкоубо́рочная, шпи́ндельная маши́на — spindle cotton pickerхлопкоубо́рочная, щё́точная маши́на — brush-type cotton harvesterхмелеубо́рочная маши́на — hop pickerхолоди́льная маши́на — refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, абсорбцио́нная маши́на — absorption refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, абсорбцио́нная водоаммиа́чная маши́на — ammonia-water absorption refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, абсорбцио́нно-компрессио́нная маши́на — absorption-compression refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, агрегати́рованная маши́на — packaged refrigerating unitхолоди́льная, аммиа́чная маши́на — ammonia refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, аммиа́чно-компрессио́нная маши́на — ammonia-compression refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, ва́куумная маши́на — vacuum refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, возду́шная маши́на — (cold-)air refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, компрессио́нная маши́на — compression refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, низкотемперату́рная маши́на — low-temperature refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, парова́я маши́на — vapour refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, пароводяна́я маши́на — water vapour refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, парокомпрессио́нная маши́на — vapour compression refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, пароэже́кторная маши́на — steam-jet ejector refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, фрео́новая маши́на — freon refrigerating machineхолоди́льная, центробе́жная маши́на — centrifugal refrigerating machineхолодновы́садочная маши́на — cold-upsetting machineхолстовытяжна́я маши́на — ribbon lap(ping) machineцветодели́тельная маши́на — colour scannerцементоупако́вочная маши́на — cement bag packerциклё́вочная маши́на — floor grinderчаеглазиро́вочная маши́на — tea glazing machine, tea glazerчаезавя́лочная маши́на — tea leaf withering machineчаеподре́зочная маши́на — tea prunerчаеполирова́льная маши́на — tea polishing machine, tea polisherчаесбо́рочная маши́на го́рного ти́па — hill-side tea-leaf harvesterчаесбо́рочная, гребе́нчатая маши́на — comb-type tea-leaf harvesterчаесбо́рочная, мотови́льная маши́на — reel-type tea-leaf harvesterчаесбо́рочная маши́на равни́нного ти́па — level-land tea-leaf harvesterчаесбо́рочная, самохо́дная маши́на — self-propelled tea-leaf harvesterчаескру́чивающая маши́на — tea-leaf rollerчаесортирова́льная маши́на — tea-leaf sorterчаесуши́льная маши́на — tea firing machineчаеупако́вочная маши́на — tea packing machine, tea packer, tea packet forming-and-filling machineчаеутру́сочная маши́на — tea shaker, tea packerчаеформо́вочная маши́на — tea moulding machineчертё́жная маши́на — drawing machineчеса́льная маши́на1. с.-х. hackle2. текст. card(er), carding machineчеса́льная, ва́личная маши́на — roller cardчеса́льная, ва́лично-шля́почная маши́на — roller top [mixed, union] cardчеса́льная, ва́тная маши́на — wadding cardчеса́льная, во́йлочная маши́на — felt cardчеса́льная, иго́льчатая маши́на — wire cardчеса́льная, камво́льная маши́на — worsted cardчеса́льная, приготови́тельная маши́на — breaker cardчеса́льная, приготови́тельная однобараба́нная маши́на — single-cylinder breaker cardчеса́льная маши́на с двумя́ съё́мными бараба́нами — double-doffer cardчеса́льная, ро́вничная маши́на с ремешко́вым дели́телем — condenser card (with tape divider)чеса́льная, то́нкая маши́на — finisher cardчи́стильная маши́на1. кфт. film-cleaning machine2. ( для жести) branning machineчи́стильная, щё́точная маши́на текст. — cloth brushing machine; brushing machineчи́стильно-мо́ечная маши́на прок. — scrubbing machineчи́стильно-реставрацио́нная маши́на кфт. — film-renovating machineчулочновяза́льная маши́на — hosiery [stocking] knitterчулочнокраси́льная маши́на — hosiery dyeing machineшве́йная маши́на1. stitch(ing) machine, stitcher2. кож. seamerшве́йная маши́на с цепны́м стежко́м — chain-stitch machineшелуши́льная маши́на — hulling machine, huller, dehuller, scouring machine, scourer, sheller, shuckerшерстомо́йная маши́на — wool-scouring [wool-washing, fleece-washing, desuinting] machineшерстомо́йная, ло́пастная маши́на — paddle wool-washing machineшерстосго́нная маши́на — unhairing machineшинкова́льная маши́на — chopping machineшинкова́льная маши́на для капу́сты — cabbage shredderшкуросъё́мная маши́на1. skinning machine, skinner2. hide pulling machine, dehiderшле́ечная маши́на текст. — thread extractor, thread pickerшлифова́льная маши́на1. пищ. polishing machine, polisher, glazing machine, glazer2. кож. buffing machineшлифова́льная, проходна́я маши́на кож. — through-out buffing machineшлихтова́льная маши́на текст. — sizing machineшлихтова́льная, бараба́нная маши́на текст. — cylinder sizing machineшлихтова́льная маши́на для пря́жи текст. — yarn sizing machineшлихтова́льная, жгу́товая маши́на текст. — tape [ball] sizing machineшлихтова́льная маши́на с возду́шной суши́лкой — hot air sizing machineшлихтова́льная маши́на со щё́точным прибо́ром — dressing machineшлямо́вочная маши́на пищ. — sliming machineшлямодроби́льная маши́на пищ. — slime crushing machine, slime crusherшнекобурова́я маши́на — augering machine, augerшнурова́льная маши́на для загото́вок ве́рха кож. — upper-lacing machineшнурова́льная маши́на для табака́ — tobacco stringing machine, tobacco stringerшнуро́чная маши́на — banding machineшпулеочисти́тельная маши́на — bobbin-stripping machineшпунто́вочная маши́на дер.-об. — grooving machineшрифтолите́йная маши́на — typecasting machineштабелеразбо́рочная маши́на ( для разгрузки с поддонов) — depalletizing machine, depalletizerштампо́вочно-ко́вочная маши́на — forging-and-stamping machineштамповысека́льная маши́на полигр. — die-cutting machineштанцева́льная маши́на полигр. — punching machineштемпелева́льная маши́на ( для писем) — stamping machineщетиноскру́чивающая маши́на — hair curling machineщипа́льная маши́на текст. — willowing machineэлектри́ческая маши́на см. соответствующие термины под рубриками электри́ческий генера́тор и электродви́гательэлектри́ческая, вольтодоба́вочная маши́на — positive boosterэлектри́ческая, вольтопонижа́ющая маши́на — negative boosterэлектрографи́ческая маши́на полигр. — electrographic machineэлектрографи́ческая, ротацио́нная маши́на — rotary electrographic [rotary electrographic copy-making] machineэлектро́нно-вычисли́тельная маши́на — electronic computer (см. тж. ЭВМ)электросва́рочная маши́на — electric welding machine, electric welderэлектрострига́льная маши́на — electric clipperэлектрофо́рная маши́на — electrostatic [induction] machineэмульсио́нная маши́на — emulsifying machineэнергети́ческие маши́ны (собирательный термин, общетеоретическое понятие) — energy-converting machineryэпилиро́вочная маши́на — fur-cutting machineэтикетиро́вочная маши́на — labelling machine, labeller -
26 גוב
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
27 גּוֹב
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
28 גּוּב
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
29 גּוּבָּא
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
30 גֹּב
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
31 גֻּבָּא
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
32 גּוּבָּה
גּוֹב, גּוּב, גּוּבָּא, גֹּב, גֻּבָּא, גּוּבָּה,ch. 1) same. Dan. 6:8; 13; 17 sq.Targ. Ex. 21:33 sq. (some ed. גּוֹבָא); Targ. Ps. 44:26 (ed. Vien. גּוּבָא); a. e.Y.Ab. Zar. IV, 44a bot. נפל לג׳ fell into a wine pit, v. זְחַל.Pl. גּוּבִּין, גּוּבַּיָּא, גּוּבַּי, גּוֹב׳. Targ. Jer. 2:13. Targ. Gen. 37:20 ed. Berl. גּוּבַּ׳ (Y. גּוֹבַ׳). 2) (cmp. גַּב, גַּבָּא) body, trunk, untrimmed log.Pl. גּוּבַּי or גּוֹבֵי. B. Kam.96a ג׳ דריקלא logs of a date-tree. Ib. ג׳ ועבדינהווכ׳, v. כָּשוֹרָא. Sabb.109b the swallowed serpent came out of his body ג׳ ג׳ in single trunks (sections of the body). M. Kat. 24a ג׳ דריקנא chin, v. גַּב (Rashi: the dimples of the chin). 3) back, top. Targ. Prov. 9:3 Ms. על ג׳ (cmp. על גַּב; ed. גִּיב, h. text גַּפֵּי). 4) prep. (cmp. גַּבֵּי־ s. v. גַּב) מן גובי־ out of. Y.Keth.II, 35a ומן גוביהן עבדוכ׳ and out of these (seventeen years) he spent thirteen years suffering with tooth-ache; Y.Kil.IX, 32b ומן גובעין (corr. acc.). -
33 FRAM
* * *adv.1) forward; hann féll f. á. fœtr konungi, he fell forward on his face at the king’s feet; f. rétt, straight on; koma f., to reappear;3) on the fore part, in front, opp. to aptr( maðr f., en dýr aptr); aptr ok f., fore and aft, of a ship;4) joined with preps. and particles, bíða f. á dag, f. á nótt, to wait far into the day, or night; bíða f. um jól, to wait till after Yule; fyrir lög f., in spite of the law; f. undan eyjunni; off the island;5) of time, hversu er f. orðit, how late is it, what time is it? f. orðit dags, late in the day.* * *adv.—the Icel. has a triple adverbial form, fram, denoting the going to a place (ad locum); frammi, the being in a place (in loco); framan, the going from a place (a loco)—compar. framarr (mod. framar) or fremr, = Goth. framis; superl. framast (framarst) or fremst: proncd. with a double m = framm; and that such was the case in olden times may be seen from Fms. vi. 385 and Skálda 168, 171. This adv. with its compds and derivatives may be said to have been lost in Germ. as well as Engl., and at a very early time. Even Ulf. uses fram as a prep. in the sense of ἀπό, like the A. S. and Engl. from, Swed. från: only in two passages Ulf. uses fram as adv., viz. Rom. xiii. 12, where he renders ‘the night is far spent’ (nóttin er um liðin of the Icel. N. T.) by framis galeiþan, which recalls to mind the Icel. fram-liðinn = deceased, past; and Mark i. 19, where προβαίνειν is rendered by gaggan framis = Icel. ganga framarr or ganga fram; cp. also the Goth. compds fram-gahts = progress, Philipp. i. 25; fram-aldrs = stricken in years; fram-vigis = Icel. fram-vegis; fram-vairþis = further: in O. H. G. vram = ultra still occurs, but is now lost in Germ. as well as in Engl.: the Icel., on the other hand, makes a clear distinction between the prep. frá ( from) and fram, on, forward, = Gr. πρόσω, Lat. porro, pro-; in some compds the sense from appears, e. g. framandi, a stranger,—Ulf. framaþeis, prop. one who is far off or from far off; so also fram-liðinn, gone, past; ganga fram, to die.A. fram, forward, (opp. to aptr, backward); aðra leið aptr en fram, 655 xxxii. 18; hann féll fram á fætr konungi, he fell forward on his face at the king’s feet, Eg. 92; stefna fram ( to go on) hina neðri leið, 582; brautin liggr þar fram í milli, id.; cf þeir vilja fram, or, fram á leið, forward, Sks. 483; fram rétt, straight on, Fms. ii. 273, v. l.; fram, fram! on, on! a war cry, Ó. H. 215: koma fram, to reappear, arrive, after being long unheard of; hann kom fram í Danmörku, Fms. i. 62; hann kom fram í kaupstað þeim er …, Ísl. ii. 332; ok kómu þar fram, er Kirjálar vóru á fjalli, Eg. 58: the phrase, fram í ættir, in a far or distant degree (of relationship), 343: people in Icel. in the 14th century used to say, fram til Noregs, up to Norway (cp. up to London), Dipl. ii. 15, 16.II. fram is generally applied to any motion outwards or towards the open, opp. to inn, innar; thus fram denotes the outer point of a ness, fram á nes; Icel. also say, fram á sjó, towards the high sea, (but upp or inn at landi, landwards); also, towards the verge of a cliff or the like, fram á hamarinn (bergit), Eg. 583: when used of a house fram means towards the door, thus, fara fram í dyr (eldhús), but inn or innar í baðstofu (hence fram-bær), var hón ávalt borin fram ok innar, she was borne in a litter out and in, Bs. i. 343: of a bed or chair fram denotes the outside, the side farthest from the wall, horfir hón til þils, en bóndi fram, she turned her face to the wall, but her husband away from it, Vígl. 31.β. again, Icel. say, fram á dal, up dale, opp. to ofan dalinn, down dale.III. without motion, the fore part, opp. to aptr, hinder part (cp. fram-fætr); aptr krókr en fram sem sporðr, Fms. ii. 179; maðr fram en dýr aptr (of a centaur), 673. 2, Sks. 179; aptr ok fram, fore and aft, of a ship, Fms. ix. 310.IV. joined with prepp. or particles, Lat. usque; bíða fram á dag, fram á nótt, fram í myrkr, to wait far into the day, night, darkness, Bs. ii. 145; bíða fram yfir, er fram um Jól, etc., to bide till after Yule; um fram, past over; sitja um þat fram er markaðrinn stóð, to stay till the fair is past, Fb. i. 124; fram um hamarinn (bergit), to pass the cliff, Eg. 582; ríða um fram, to ride past or to miss, Nj. 264, mod. fram hjá, cp. Germ. vorbei:—metaph., vera um fram e-n, above, surpassingly; um fram aðra menn, Fb. i. 91, Fms. vi. 58, passim; um alla hluti fram, above all things: yfir alla hluti fram, id., Stj. 7: besides, Sks. 41 new Ed.: fyrir lög fram, in spite of the law, Fms. iii. 157; fyrir rétt fram, 655 xx. 4; fyrir lof fram, without leave, Grág. i. 326; fyrir þat fram, but for that, ii. 99: the phrase, fyrir alla hluti fram, above all things, 623. 19.β. temp., fyrir fram means beforehand, Germ. voraus; vita, segja fyrir fram, to know, tell beforehand, Germ. voraus-sagen.γ. fram undan, projecting, stretching forward; fram undan eyjunni, Fms. ii. 305.δ. the phrase, fram, or more usually fram-orðit, of time, hvað er fram-orðit, how late is it? i. e. what is the time? Ld. 224; þá var fram-orðit, it was late in the day, Clem. 51; þá er fram var orðit, 623. 30: dropping ‘orðit,’ þeir vissu eigi hvat fram var (qs. fram orðit), they did not know the time of day, K. Þ. K. 90: with gen., fram-orðit dags, late in the day, Fms. xi. 10, Ld. 174; áfram, on forward, q. v.V. with verbs,α. denoting motion, like pro- in Latin, thus, ganga, koma, sækja, falla, fljóta, renna, líða, fara … fram, to go, come, flow, fare … forward, Eg. 136, Fms. ii. 56, Jb. 75, passim: of time, líða fram, Bs. ii. 152 (fram-liðinn).β. rétta, halda fram, to stretch, hold forth, Nj. 3; flytja, bera, draga, leiða, færa, selja, setja fram, to bring … forward, Sks. 567; leggja fram, to ‘lay forth,’ discharge, Fms. v. 293, Nj. 3, 11; bjóða fram, to offer; eggja, hvetja fram, to egg on; segja fram, to pronounce; standa, lúta fram, etc.γ. sjá, horfa, stökkva … fram fyrir sik, to look, jump forward, opp. to aptr fyrir sik, Nj. 29:—impers., e-m fer fram, to grow, make progress; skara fram úr, to stand out.B. frammi, (for the pronunciation with a double m vide Skálda 169,) denotes in or on a place, without motion, and is formed in the same way as uppi from upp, niðri from niðr; Icel. thus say, ganga fram, niðr, upp, to go on, go down, go up; but vera frammi, niðri, uppi, to be in, etc.; if followed by a vowel, the final i may be dropt, thus, vera frammi á dal, or framm’ á dal, Hrafn. 6; sitja framm’ fyrir hásæti (= frammi fyrir), Ó. H. 5; just as one may say, vera niðr’ á (qs. niðri á) engjum, upp’ á (= uppi á) fjalli: as to direction, all that is said of fram also applies to frammi, only that frammi can but denote the being in a place; Icel. thus say, frammi á dal in a dale, frammi í dyrum in-doors, frammi á fjalli on a fell, frammi á gólfi on the floor, frammi á sjó, etc.; þeir Leitr sitja frammi í húsum, Fær. 181, cp. also Hrafn. 1; sitja (standa) frammi fyrir e-m, to sit ( stand) before one’s face, Hkr. ii. 81.II. metaph. the phrase, hafa e-t frammi, to perform a thing, Nj. 232, Sks. 161: to use, shew, in a bad sense, of an insult, threatening, or the like; hafa þeir f. mikil-mæli ok heita afarkostum, Hkr. i. 191: the particle í is freq. prefixed, hafa í frammi, (not á frammi as áfram, q. v.); svá fremi skaltú rógit í frammi hafa, Nj. 166; þarftú þá fleira í frammi at hafa en stóryrði ein ok dramblæti, Fas. i. 37; hafðú í frammi kúgan við þá uppi við fjöllin, Ísl. ii. 215: to exercise, Bs. i. 852; hafa f. ípróttir, Fms. ix. 8 (rare); láta, leggja f., to contribute, produce, Fas. iii. 118, Fms. vi. 211.C. framan, from the front side; framan at borðinu, to the front of the table, Fb. ii. 302; framan at e-u, in the face or front of (opp. to aptan að, from behind); skaltú róa at framan borðum skútunnar, thou shall row towards the boards of the boat, of one boat trying to reach another, Háv. 46; taka framan af e-u, to take ( cut) from the fore part, Od. xiv. 474; framan á skipinu, the fore part of the ship, Fms. ii. 179; framan um stafninn, vi. 78.β. temp., framan af sumri, vetri, hausti, váti, the beginning, first part of summer …; also simply framan af, in the beginning.γ. of the fore part of the body; nokkut hafit upp framan nefit, Ld. 272; réttnefjaðr ok hafit upp í framan-vert, a straight nose and prominent at the tip, Nj. 29; framan á brjóstið, on the breast; framan í andlitið, in the face; framan á knén, í stálhúfuna framan, Fms. viii. 337; framan á þjóhnappana, Sturl. i. 14 (better aptan á).δ. with the prep. í preceding; í framan, adv. in the face; rjóðr í framan, red in the face; fölr í framan, pale-faced, etc., freq. in mod. use.2. fyrir framan, before, in front of, with acc. (opp. to fyrir aptan, behind); fyrir framan slána, Nj. 45; fyrir framan hendr honum, 60; fyrir framan hamarinn, Eg. 583; fyrir framan merki, Fms. i. 27, ii. 84: as adv., menn stóðu með vápnum fyrir framan þar sem Flosi sat, before F. ‘s seat, Nj. 220; þá var skotið aptr lokhvílunni ok sett á hespa fyrir framan, Fms. ii. 84: að framan, above.3. as framan is prop. an adv. from the place, Icel. also say, koma framan af dal, framan af nesi, framan ór dyrum, etc., to come down the dale, etc., vide fram above.4. ‘framan til’ in a temp. sense, up to, until; nú líðr til þings framan, it drew near to the time of parliament, Nj. 12; líðr nú til þings framan, Ld. 88; leið nú framan til Jóla, Ísl. ii. 42; framan til Páska, Stj. 148; framan til vetrnátta, D. N.; framan til þess er hann átti við Glám, Grett. 155; framan til Leiðar, Anal. 172; frá upphafi heims framan, from the beginning of the world, Ver. 1; in mod. usage simply fram in all such instances.D. Compar. framarr, farther on; superl. framast, fremst, farthest on:1. loc., feti framarr, a step farther on, Lv. 59; þar er þeir koma framast, the farthest point they can reach, Grág. i. 111; þar sem hann kömr framast, 497; hvar hann kom framarst, Fms. xi. 416; svá kómu þeir fremst at þeir unnu þá borg, i. 114; þeir eru mest til þess nefndir at framast ( foremost) hafi verit, Ísl. ii. 368; þeir er fremst vóru, Fms. v. 78.2. temp. farthest back; er ek fremst um man, Vsp. 1; hvat þú fyrst um mant eða fremst um veizt, Vþm. 34; frá því ek má fremst muna, Dipl. v. 25.II. metaph. farther, more, superl. farthest, most; erat hann framarr skyldr sakráða við menn, Grág. i. 11; nema vér reynim oss framarr, Fær. 75; meta, hvárra þörf oss litisk framarr ganga, whose claim appeared to us the strongest, Dipl. ii. 5.β. with dat., venju framarr, more than usual; því framarr sem, all the more, Fms. i. 184.γ. with ‘en’ following; framar en, farther than, more than; mun hér því ( therefore) framarr leitað en hvarvetna annars-staðar, Fms. i. 213; at ganga framarr á hendr Þorleiki en mitt leyfi er til, Ld. 154; hversu Þorólfr var framarr en ek, Eg. 112; framarr er hann en ek, he is better than I, Nj. 3; sókn framarr ( rather) en vörn, 236; framarr en ( farther than) nú er skilt, Js. 48; því at hann væri framarr en aðrir menn at sér, better than other men, Mar. 25.2. superl., svá sem sá er framast ( foremost) elskaði, Fs. 80; svá sem framast má, 655 xi. 2; sem Guð lér honum framast vit til, Js. 5: with gen., konungr virði hann framast allra sona sinna, Fms. i. 6; at Haraldr væri framast þeirra bræðra, 59; framast þeirra at allri sæmd, viii. 272. -
34 LIGGJA
* * *(ligg; lá, lágum; leginn), v.1) to lie (ör liggr þar úti á vegginum);liggja sjúkr, to lie sick (hann liggr sjúkr heima);þeir lágu í sárum, they lay ill of their wounds;2) to lie buried (hér liggr skáld);3) to lie at anchor (hann lagði til hafnar ok lá þþþþþþar um hríð);liggja veðrfastr, to lie weather-bound;4) to lie, be situated, of a place (þorp ok borgir, er lágu við ríki hans);5) to lie, go, lead, of a road (liggr gata til bœjarins);6) to be covered with ice, ice-bound (vetrar-ríki var á mikit ok lágu firðir allir);7) to lie with, have sexual intercourse with, = liggja hjá konu;8) with preps. and advs.:liggja á e-m, to lie heavy on, weigh upon, oppress (liggja á mér hugir stórra manna);liggja á hálsi e-m, to hang on one’s neck, blame one;liggja á e-m, to be fated to one (þat lá á konungi, at hann skyldi eigi lifa um tíu vetr);liggja á e-u, to attend, be connected with (á þessum ráðum liggja stórmeinbugir);to be urgent, of importance, pressing (A. kvað honum eigi á liggja þat at vita);liggr honum ekki á, it does not matter to him;liggja á úknyttum, to pursue wicked courses;liggja eptir, to be left undone (skal ekki eptir liggja þat, sem vér megum þeim veita);liggja fyrir e-m, to lie in wait for;liggja fyrir, to be in store for, or open to, one;þœtti mér þat ráð fyrir liggja, at þú sendir menn, that the best thing would be to send men;liggja hjá e-rri, to lie with (lá ek hjá dóttur þinni);liggja í e-u, to stick or sink in (lágu hestarnir á kafi í snjónum);liggja í, to stick fast in mire or bog (liggr í hestrinn undir þeim);liggja í hernaði, víkingu, to be engaged in warfare;liggja niðri, to lie untold (nú skal þat eigi niðri liggja, er honum er þó mest vegsemd í);liggja saman, to be adjacent (lágu saman skógar þeirra Lopts);liggja til e-s, to belong to (naut ok sauðir, lá þat til Atleyjar);bœtr liggja til alls, there is atonement for every case;to be due or proper (þótti þat til liggja at taka af honum tignina);liggja til byrjar, to lie by for a fair wind;liggja til hafs, to lie ready for sea (lá biskup til hafs sex vikur);liggja um e-n, to lie in wait for;liggja um e-t, to be bent upon (hann liggr um þat nótt ok dag at veita yðr líflát);liggja undir e-n or e-m, to be subject to, belong to (þessi lönd liggja undir Danakonung);hlutr e-s liggr undir, one is worsted;liggja úti, to lie out, not in a house (sumir lágu úti á fjöllum með bú sín);liggja við, to lie at stake (líf mitt liggr við);þá muntu bezt gefast, er mest liggr við, when the need is greatest;e-m liggr við e-u, one is on the verge of;mörgum lá við bana, many lay at death’s door;lá við sjálft, at, ti was just on the point of.* * *pres. ligg, pl. liggja; pret. lá, 2nd pers. látt, mod. lást; subj. lægi; imperat. ligg and liggðú; part. leginn: [Ulf. ligan = κεισθαι; A. S. licgan; Chauc. to ligge; North. E. and Scot. to lig; Engl. to lie; Germ. liegen; Dan. ligge]:—to lie; ör liggr þar úti á vegginum, Nj. 115, Fas. i. 284; þeir vógu at honum liggjanda ok úvörum, 332; hann liggr á hauginum, Fb. i. 215; lá hann inni meðan þeir börðusk, Nj. 85; legsk hann niðr í runna nokkura ok liggr þar um stund, 132; Rafn lá í bekk, Sturl. i. 140; sveinar tveir er lengi höfðu úti legit á fjöllum, to lie out in the cold, Fms. ii. 98; sumir lágu úti á fjöllum með bú sín, lay out on the fells with their cattle, Sturl. iii. 75: of robbers, cp. úti-legu-maðr, an ‘outlying-man,’ outlaw; l. úti á fjöllum, Ld. 250: of freebooters, víkingar tveir, ok lágu úti bæði vetr ok sumar, Grett. 83; l. í hernaði, víkingu, to be out on a raid, Fs. 120, Eg. 1, Fms. xi. 44:—to lie, rest, þú skalt liggja í lopti hjá mér í nótt, Nj. 6; lágu þau þar tvau ein í loptinu, 7; þú skalt ríða um nætr en liggja ( but lie abed) um daga, 34; Gunnarr lá mjök langa hríð, 94; þeir lágu úti um nóttina, lay out by night, Fms. ix. 364: the phrase, liggja á gólfi, to lie on the floor, to lie in labour, Fb. ii. 263: of carnal intercourse, to lie with, hefir Guðrún dóttir mín legit hjá þér, Nj. 94; lá ek hjá dóttur þinni, 130: liggja með e-m, id., Grág. i. 128; hón hefir legit sekt í garð konungs, N. G. L. i. 358: with acc., liggja konu, stuprare, Gþl. 203, N. G. L. i. 20; at þú hafir legit dóttur Ísólfs, Lv. 78: of animals (rare), en veðrarnir ok bukkarnir lágu þær, Stj. 178:—to lie sick, hann liggr sjúkr heima at búð …, lá hann sjúkr um allt þingit, Nj. 80; Þórólfr ok Bárðr lágu í sárum, lay sick of their wounds, Eg. 34; Helga tók þá ok þyngd ok lá þó eigi, H. lay sick, but not bedridden, Ísl. ii. 274; ef griðmaðr liggr af verkum sínum, lies sick from his work, Grág. i. 154; ef hann liggr í helsótt, 201:—to lie, be buried, Björn liggr í Farmanns-haugi, Fms. i. 12; hér liggr skald, Fb. i. 215 (in a verse):—to lie at anchor, Bs. i. 713; þar lagði hann til hafnar ok lá þar um hríð, Fms. i. 145; lágu langskip konungs með endilöngum bryggjum, ix. 478; þeir lágu þar nokkura hríð undir nesi einu, Nj. 43; hann lá í Gautelfi austr, 122; þar lá fyrir í höfninni knörr einn mikill, Eg. 79; en er hann kom fyrir Elfina þá lágu þeir þar ok biðu nætr, 80; Haraldr konungr lá liði sínu út fyrir Hreinsléttu, Fms. i. 12; liggja til byrjar, to lie by for a fair wind, 135; liggja til hafs, id., Bs. i. 66, Bjarn. 4, Gísl. 7, Landn. 223: l. veðr-fastr, to lie weather-bound:—lágu hvelpar í hundunum, they were big with whelps, Fms. xi. 10: l. í kafi, to sink deep; þá liggr í hestrinn undir þeim, sank in a quagmire, Fs. 65; Gregorius lá í ísinum, Fms. vii. 273; also, lágu hestarnir á (í) kafi, Eg. 546.II. to be covered with ice, ice-bound (cp. leggja); vötnin lágu öll, Fbr. 13; til Vigra-fjarðar, ok lá hann allr, Eb. 84 new Ed.; lágu allir firðir, 306.III. to lie idle, of capital; enda er heimting til fjárins, hversu lengi sem liggr, Grág. i. 209; enda liggr féit hér alldregi, 220; erfðir liggi sem áðr er skilt um, Gþl. 254; liggja úslegit, to lie unmown, Grág. ii. 284; láta sum orð liggja (to let them lie, leave out) þau er máli eigu at skipta, þat er ljúgvitni, i. 43; l. niðri, to lie down, lie dormant, lie untold, or the like, Fagrsk, 126, Nj. 88, Ó. H. 233, Grett. 192 new Ed.; opt má satt kyrt liggja, truth may often be left alone, a saying: liggja eptir, to be left behind, untold, Fms. viii. 4: spec. usages, liggja lauss fyrir, to lie loose, lie at one’s hand; fylg þú nú virðing þinni er þér liggr laus fyrir, Boll. 360; þótti eigi svá laust fyrir liggja sem þeir hugsuðu, Fms. viii. 357: liggja undir e-m (or e-n), of power, lands, to belong to; jörðu þeirri er legit hefir undir oss langfeðrum, Gþl. 296; þat er mikit ríki, ok liggr undir biskup í Skáni, Fms. xi. 231.IV. to take, hold, of a measure; vatns-ker þau er í lágu matskjólur tvennar, Hom. (St.): the phrase, liggja í miklu, litlu rúmi, to take a great, a little space, metaph. to think much, little of a thing, Ld. 210, Al. 152; liggja í léttu rúmi, to care little for: e-m liggja vel (ílla) orð til e-s, to speak well ( ill) of a thing or person, Konr.; honum lágu vel orð til hans, he spoke favourably of him.V. to lie, be situated, of a place, road, of direction; slá er lá um þvert skipit, Nj. 125; liggja saman garðar, Gísl. 10; liggr sá steinn þar enn, Eg. 142, Gm. 4, 12; þær (the Scilly Islands) liggja vestr í hafit fra Englandi, Fms. i. 145; at garði þeim sem liggr ofan eptir mýrinni, Dipl. v. 25; er sagt er at liggi sex dægra sigling í norðr frá Bretlandi, Landn. (begin.); en Finnmörk liggr fyrir ofan öll þessi lönd, Eg. 58; Ey liggr í Hitará, Bjarn. 22; eyin liggr við þjóðleið fyrir útan, Ó. H. 116; veiði-stöð sú liggr á Breiða-firði er Bjarneyjar heita, Ld. 38; þar liggr til hafs útver, lies on the sea-side, Ó. H. 149; veginn þann er um skóginn lá, Eg. 578; sem leið liggr, Eb. 306; liggr gata til bæjarins, Gísl. 28; en til góðs vinar liggja gagnvegir, Hm. 33; leiðin liggr fram með hálsinum, Eg. 582; tjaldstaði þá er þeim þóttu beztir, ok hæst lágu, Fms. vi. 135; þangat sem leiðin liggr lægra, Sturl. ii. 247: of the body, lá hátt tanngarðrinn, he had prominent teeth, Nj. 39: of the eyes, rauðlituð augu ok lágu fagrt ok fast, Fms. viii. 447; augu þau er liggja í ljósu líki, Kormak: ofarliga mun liggja ú-jafnaðr í þér, Grett. 135 new Ed.B. Metaph. usages, esp. with prepp.; liggja á, to lie heavy on, to weigh upon, and metaph. to oppress; liggja á mér hugir stórra manna, Fb. i. 258, Sks. 276; l. á hálsi e-m, to hang on one’s neck, blame, Fms. xi. 336: of a fine, þar liggr ekki fégjald á, ’tis not finable, K. Þ. K. 164: to be bewitched, lie under a spell, þat lá á konungi, at hann skyldi eigi lifa um tíu vetr, Fms. x. 220 (cp. leggja á e-n and á-lög): to pursue, liggja á úknyttum, to pursue wicked things, 172; liggja á úráði, Karl. 121: to be urgent, of importance, pressing, kvað honum eigi á liggja þat at vita, Grett. 37 new Ed.; eigi þykki mér á því liggja, segir Járnskjöldr, Fb. i. 259; mun þar stórt á liggja, ’tis a grave matter, Nj. 62; nú liggr honum ekki á ( it does not matter for him), þótt hann komi aldri til Íslands, Band. 10: mod., það liggr ekki á, it does not press, is not urgent; mér liggr á, it lies on me, is pressing for me: impers. to feel, be in spirits so and so, liggr vel á e-m, to be in good spirits; liggr ílla á e-m, to be in low spirits, the metaphor being taken from the pressure on the mind: leaving out the prep., lá honum þat ílla, it weighed heavily on hitn, Bs. i. 775:—liggja að, in the phrase, það lá að, that was just what was to be expected! an expression of dislike:—liggja fyrir e-m, to lie before one, of things to be done or to happen, of what is fated, doomed (see for-lög); þætti mér þat ráð fyrir liggja, faðir, at þú sendir menn, the best thing to be done would be to send men, Eg. 167; at þat mundi fyrir liggja at búask til orrostu, 283; en Bera kvað Egil vera víkings-efni, kvað þat mundu fyrir liggja, þegar hann hefði aldr til, 190: liggja fyrir e-m, to lie in one’s way, in ambush (cp. fyrirsát), Edda 148 (pref.), Eg. 240:—liggja um e-t, to lie in wait for, Fms. x. 287; l. um líf e-s, to seek one’s life, Stj. 550, Sks. 722:—liggja til, to be due to, deserved; þótti þat til liggja at taka af honum tignina, Eg. 271: to belong to, naut ok sauðir, lá þat til Atleyjar, 719: to fit to, til sumra meina liggr bruni (as a remedy), 655 xi. 28; bætr liggja til alls, there is atonement for every case, Fas. iii. 522; e-m liggr vel (ílla) orð til e-s, to speak well (or evil) of a person, Sturl. iii. 143:—liggja undir, to lie underneath, be worsted, of wrestling, Bárð. 166; fyrir hverjum liggr hlutr þinn undir, Eb. 156:—liggja við, to lie at slake; deildi … ok hafði einn þat er við lá, Ísl. ii. 215; en þeir köru at hætta til, er féfang lá við svá mikit, Eg. 57; skal þar liggja við mundrinn allr, Nj. 15; liggr þér nökkut við?—Líf mitt liggr við, segir hann, 116; þá muntú bezt gefask, er mest liggr við, when the need is greatest, 179; svá er ok at mikit liggr yðr þá við, 227; en mér liggr hér nú allt við, it is all important to me, 265; þótt ek vita at líf mitt liggi við, 115; lá við sjálft, at …, it was on the point of …, Al. 79: mod., það lá við, að …C. Reflex. to lay oneself down, lie down; þá er þat étr ok er fullt liggsk þat ok söfr (of cattle), Best. 58, cp. Gm.2. e-m liggsk e-t, to leave behind, forget; svínið lásk mér eptir, Skíða R. 185; legisk hefir mér nokkut í minni venju, ek gáða eigi at taka blezun af biskupi, Bs. i. 781: hence the mod. phrase, mér láðist ( I forgot) and mér hefir láðst, which is a corruption from mér lásk eptir; for lá mér eptir, read lásk mér eptir, I forgot, neglected (?), Skv. 1. 20; láskat þat dægr háski, it did not miss, did not fail, Arnór; láskat, be failed not, Bjarn. (in a verse). -
35 runko
yks.nom. runko; yks.gen. rungon; yks.part. runkoa; yks.ill. runkoon; mon.gen. runkojen; mon.part. runkoja; mon.ill. runkoihinbole (noun)carcase (noun)carcass (noun)frame (noun)framework (noun)fuselage (noun)hull (noun)log (noun)shaft (noun)shell (noun)skeleton (noun)standard (noun)stem (noun)stock (noun)trunk (noun)* * *• shaft• fuselage• housing• hull• trunk• log• carcase• rack• shank• skeleton• standard• stem• frame• outline• block• chassis• base• frame work• body• bole• carcass• corpus• foundation• frame chassis -
36 φάλαγξ
A line of battle, battle-array, Hom. only in Il., once in sg.,Τρώων ῥῆξε φάλαγγα Il.6.6
: elsewh. pl.the ranks of an army in battle,Δαναοὶ ῥήξαντο φάλαγγας 11.90
;φάλαγγες ἀνδρῶν 19.158
, Hes. Th. 935;τῶν κάτω Διὸς φαλάγγων S.Ichn.
(lyr.) in PTeb. 692 iii 10.2 heavy infantry ([etym.] ὁπλῖται) in battle-order, X.An.1.8.17, al.; ἡ φ. τῶν ὁπλιτῶν ib.6.5.27, cf. D.9.49; opp. πελτασταί, X.An.6.5.25; opp. ἱππεῖς, Id.Cyr.6.3.2, Ages.2.9;τοὺς ἱππεῖς πρὸ τῆς φ. ἔστησαν D.S.20.10
, cf. Plu.Crass.23; butοἱ Ἕλληνες ἱππεῖς ὥσπερ φ. ἐπὶ τεττάρων παρατεταγμένοι X.HG3.4.13
: esp. line of battle, opp. κέρας (column in marching order), ἐπὶ φάλαγγος ἄγειν, opp. κατὰ κέρας or ἐπὶ κέρως ἄγειν, Id.Cyr.1.6.43; of ships, Id.HG6.2.30; ἐκ κέρατος εἰς φ. καταστῆσαι to form from column into line, Id.Cyr.8.5.15;παρ' ἀσπίδα παραγαγόντας τὴν ἐνωμοτίαν ἐπὶ φάλαγγος Id.An.4.3.26
;ἐπὶ φάλαγγος καθίστασθαι Id.Cyr.6.3.21
, cf. An.6.5.7,25.c camp, εἴσω, ἔξω φάλαγγος, Id.Ages.2.15. Lac.12.3, cf. Eq.8.12.3 esp. of the Macedonian phalanx, Plb.18.29sqq., etc.4 in writers on Tactics:5 metaph.,λοπάδων παρατεταγμένη φ. Diph.44.3
; of a band of pupils, Lib.Ep.145.1; of a governor's staff (Lat. officium), Id.Or.46.11.II round piece of wood, trunk, log,φάλαγγες ἐβένου Hdt.3.97
;ἐκ κοτίνοιο φ. A.R.2.843
;φ. πύξιναι IG11(2).287
B145 (Delos, iii B. C.).IV bone between two joints of the fingers and toes, Arist.HA 493b29; pl., Ruf.Onom.84 (but metacarpals, [Ruf.] Oss. 22).V = φαλάγγιον 1, Ar. V. 1509, Ra. 1314 (lyr.), Pl.Com.22, X.Mem.3.11.6: masc. in Arist. HA 609a5. (The orig. sense was prob. log, cf. OHG balcho 'beam', Lat. sufflamen (for sub-flag-men) 'brake'.) -
37 נטל
נָטַל(b. h.; cmp. טִלְטֵל) 1) to move, carry off; to receive, take. B. Mets.I, 1 זה נוֹטֵלוכ׳ the one (of the claimants) gets three shares Y.Sot.I, 16d bot., a. e. ומה שכר נָטְלוּ על כך what reward did they get for it?Sifra Shmini, beg. מסיני נטלו להם they got (their punishment) from Sinai. Sabb.151b טוֹל מהוכ׳ take away what thou hast put into me. Arakh.16b; B. Bath.15b טול קיסם מבין עיניך (Ag. Hatt. שיניך) remove the chip from between thy eyes (teeth); טול קורהוכ׳ remove the beam from Gitt.VI, 1 אף האומרת טול לי גטי even if she says, get me my letter of divorce (instead of ‘receive for me). Ib. 78a טְלִי גוטיךוכ׳ take up thy letter of divorce from the ground. Pesik. R. s. 26, end נָטַלְחִּי עיני I lifted up my eyes. Ber.II, 8 לא כל הרוצה לִיטּוֹל לו את השם יִטּוֹל Y. ed., not every one who desires to assume a name, may assume it, i. e. not every one has a right to consider himself superior to the masses (v. יוֹהֲרָא); a. v. fr.Part. pass. נָטוּל; f. נְטוּלָה removed. Ned.XI, 12 (if a woman says) נ׳ אני מן היהודים I will be removed from (keep no company with) Jews; … יפר … ותהא נ׳וכ׳ the husband may forbid the vow as far as it concerns himself, and (for the rest) let her be isolated Snh.21b נְטוּלֵי טחול persons who had their milt cut out (to make them fast runners).V. נְטוּלָה. 2) (sub. מים) to pour water over ones hands for purification; נ׳ לידים, (ellipt.) נ׳ ידים, or only נ׳ to wash the hands before and after meals, before prayer Tosef.Yad.I, 1 מי רביעית נוֹטְלִין לידיםוכ׳ (Var. ed. Zuck., a. Mish. ib. I, 1 נותנין) a quantity of one fourth of a Log of water may be used for pouring over the hands of one person Ib. 13 הנוֹטֵל לידים הנוטל מתכוין והנותןוכ׳ if a person had his hands washed, himself having the intention (of purification), while he who poured it had not. Ib. 2; Mish. ib. II, 3 נ׳ את הראשונים if he began to use the water for washing before the meal (v. מַיִם). Ḥull.107a נוטלין ממנו לידים you may use it for washing the hands; Tosef. l. c. 6. Ber.VIII, 2. Ib. 51a אל חִּטּוֹל ידיך ממיוכ׳ have not water poured over thy hands by one who has not washed his hands Ḥull.105a נוטלין … בכלי you must wash over a vessel (receiving the water); ע״ג קרקע on the floor; a. v. fr. Nif. נִיטַּל 1) to be handled. Sabb.XVII, 1 (122b) כל הכלים נִיטְּלִין בשבת all vessels (implements, utensils) may be handled on the Sabbath. Ib. 43a, a. e. אין כלי נ׳ אלא לדבר הנ׳ בשבת a utensil must not be handled on the Sabbath except for the protection of a thing which may be used on the Sabbath. Par. V, 9 והן יכולות להִנָּטֵלוכ׳ and they can be handled simultaneously; a. fr. 2) to be removed, be gone. Ḥull.III, 1; 2, v. כָּבֵר III. Ohol. II, 3 כדי שיִנָּטֵל מן כ׳ as much of it as, if cut out from the skull of a living being, would cause death; a. fr. 3) to be used for washing hands. Tosef.Yad.II, 7 לא נִטְּלוּ מן הכלי the water was not poured directly from the vessel; לא ניטלו מן הרביעית not poured from a vessel containing one fourth of a Log; a. fr. Hif. הִטִּיל 1) to throw; to put; to hang on, attach. Gitt.V, 9 משתַּטּיל המים from the time she pours water on the flour. Yoma III, 2 המַטִּיל מים who urinates. Men.40b ה׳ לבעלתוכ׳ if he attached the fringe (תְּכֵלֶת) to a three-cornered garment. Sabb.42b להַטִּיל ביצתה to lay her eggs; a. fr. 2) (of plants) to assume the shape of, to develop. Maasr. I, 2 משיַטִּילוּ שאור, v. שְׂאוֹר; ib. משיטילו גידין, v. גִּיד. Hof. הוּטָּל to be thrown; to lie. Part. מוּטָּל, f. מוּטֶּלֵת; pl. מוּטָּלִים, מוּטָּלִין; מוּטָּלוֹת a) lying. Kidd.82b מ׳ ברעב lies prostrated from starvation. Ber.III, 1 מי שמתו מ׳ לפניו he whose dead relative lies before him; ib. 18a כיון שמ׳ עליו לקוברו כמ׳וכ׳ since the duty of burying rests upon him, it is the same as if the body were lying before him. Yeb.37b, a. fr. ממון המ׳ בספק, v. סָפֵק; a. fr.b) מוּטֶּלֶת a garment provided with show-fringes. Men. l. c. הטיל למ׳ if he attached additional fringes to a garment provided ; a. fr. -
38 נָטַל
נָטַל(b. h.; cmp. טִלְטֵל) 1) to move, carry off; to receive, take. B. Mets.I, 1 זה נוֹטֵלוכ׳ the one (of the claimants) gets three shares Y.Sot.I, 16d bot., a. e. ומה שכר נָטְלוּ על כך what reward did they get for it?Sifra Shmini, beg. מסיני נטלו להם they got (their punishment) from Sinai. Sabb.151b טוֹל מהוכ׳ take away what thou hast put into me. Arakh.16b; B. Bath.15b טול קיסם מבין עיניך (Ag. Hatt. שיניך) remove the chip from between thy eyes (teeth); טול קורהוכ׳ remove the beam from Gitt.VI, 1 אף האומרת טול לי גטי even if she says, get me my letter of divorce (instead of ‘receive for me). Ib. 78a טְלִי גוטיךוכ׳ take up thy letter of divorce from the ground. Pesik. R. s. 26, end נָטַלְחִּי עיני I lifted up my eyes. Ber.II, 8 לא כל הרוצה לִיטּוֹל לו את השם יִטּוֹל Y. ed., not every one who desires to assume a name, may assume it, i. e. not every one has a right to consider himself superior to the masses (v. יוֹהֲרָא); a. v. fr.Part. pass. נָטוּל; f. נְטוּלָה removed. Ned.XI, 12 (if a woman says) נ׳ אני מן היהודים I will be removed from (keep no company with) Jews; … יפר … ותהא נ׳וכ׳ the husband may forbid the vow as far as it concerns himself, and (for the rest) let her be isolated Snh.21b נְטוּלֵי טחול persons who had their milt cut out (to make them fast runners).V. נְטוּלָה. 2) (sub. מים) to pour water over ones hands for purification; נ׳ לידים, (ellipt.) נ׳ ידים, or only נ׳ to wash the hands before and after meals, before prayer Tosef.Yad.I, 1 מי רביעית נוֹטְלִין לידיםוכ׳ (Var. ed. Zuck., a. Mish. ib. I, 1 נותנין) a quantity of one fourth of a Log of water may be used for pouring over the hands of one person Ib. 13 הנוֹטֵל לידים הנוטל מתכוין והנותןוכ׳ if a person had his hands washed, himself having the intention (of purification), while he who poured it had not. Ib. 2; Mish. ib. II, 3 נ׳ את הראשונים if he began to use the water for washing before the meal (v. מַיִם). Ḥull.107a נוטלין ממנו לידים you may use it for washing the hands; Tosef. l. c. 6. Ber.VIII, 2. Ib. 51a אל חִּטּוֹל ידיך ממיוכ׳ have not water poured over thy hands by one who has not washed his hands Ḥull.105a נוטלין … בכלי you must wash over a vessel (receiving the water); ע״ג קרקע on the floor; a. v. fr. Nif. נִיטַּל 1) to be handled. Sabb.XVII, 1 (122b) כל הכלים נִיטְּלִין בשבת all vessels (implements, utensils) may be handled on the Sabbath. Ib. 43a, a. e. אין כלי נ׳ אלא לדבר הנ׳ בשבת a utensil must not be handled on the Sabbath except for the protection of a thing which may be used on the Sabbath. Par. V, 9 והן יכולות להִנָּטֵלוכ׳ and they can be handled simultaneously; a. fr. 2) to be removed, be gone. Ḥull.III, 1; 2, v. כָּבֵר III. Ohol. II, 3 כדי שיִנָּטֵל מן כ׳ as much of it as, if cut out from the skull of a living being, would cause death; a. fr. 3) to be used for washing hands. Tosef.Yad.II, 7 לא נִטְּלוּ מן הכלי the water was not poured directly from the vessel; לא ניטלו מן הרביעית not poured from a vessel containing one fourth of a Log; a. fr. Hif. הִטִּיל 1) to throw; to put; to hang on, attach. Gitt.V, 9 משתַּטּיל המים from the time she pours water on the flour. Yoma III, 2 המַטִּיל מים who urinates. Men.40b ה׳ לבעלתוכ׳ if he attached the fringe (תְּכֵלֶת) to a three-cornered garment. Sabb.42b להַטִּיל ביצתה to lay her eggs; a. fr. 2) (of plants) to assume the shape of, to develop. Maasr. I, 2 משיַטִּילוּ שאור, v. שְׂאוֹר; ib. משיטילו גידין, v. גִּיד. Hof. הוּטָּל to be thrown; to lie. Part. מוּטָּל, f. מוּטֶּלֵת; pl. מוּטָּלִים, מוּטָּלִין; מוּטָּלוֹת a) lying. Kidd.82b מ׳ ברעב lies prostrated from starvation. Ber.III, 1 מי שמתו מ׳ לפניו he whose dead relative lies before him; ib. 18a כיון שמ׳ עליו לקוברו כמ׳וכ׳ since the duty of burying rests upon him, it is the same as if the body were lying before him. Yeb.37b, a. fr. ממון המ׳ בספק, v. סָפֵק; a. fr.b) מוּטֶּלֶת a garment provided with show-fringes. Men. l. c. הטיל למ׳ if he attached additional fringes to a garment provided ; a. fr. -
39 экскременты
1) General subject: a son of the soil, dejecture, egestas, excrement, ordure, rejectamentas, rejections, scat (животных), soil, voidings2) Biology: cast, excretion, fecal masses, rejection4) Obsolete: gong5) Latin: rejectamenta6) Agriculture: wastes8) British English: shite10) Astronautics: body waste, human waste11) Ecology: excrements12) Makarov: dungs13) Taboo: Admiral Browning, Bovril bullets (pl), Richard (см. Richard the Third), a-a, baby's yellow, big hit, big jobs, (pl) biggies, body wax, boo-boo, brown trout, cack, (pl) copper bolts, curler (см. curl one off), doodly squat, dukie, flop, grunties, hocky, honey, jobbie, jobby, kak, log cabin, mud, ned, plop, poo, poopie-plops (pl), poozie, pucky, sewage, shitsky, sinkers and floaters (pl), sirreverence, stinkies, teddy's leg, toley, twinkie, waste, wax, whoopsie, whoopsy (особ. животного), yak, yuck -
40 palo
m.1 stick (trozo de madera).los palos de la tienda de campaña the tent polesdar palos de ciego (figurative) to lash out (wildly); (criticar) to grope around in the dark (no saber qué hacer)de tal palo tal astilla (Prov) he's/she's a chip off the old block2 club.estrellaron tres disparos en los palos they hit the woodwork three times3 mast.palo mayor mainmast4 suit.5 tree (botany).palo santo lignum vitae6 blow (blow).se ha llevado muchos palos últimamente (with a stick)(mala crítica) he's had to put up with a lot recentlyliarse a palos (con alguien) to come to blows (with somebody)moler a alguien a palos to thrash somebody7 piece of wood, log, piece of timber.8 hit, blow, whack.9 tent stake, tent pole.* * *2 (golpe) blow■ ha sido un palo que se las supendieran todas what a drag that he's failed every subject!3 (madera) wood4 (de la letra) stroke■ haz el palo de la "p" más largo make the stroke of the "p" longer5 (de baraja) suit6 MARÍTIMO mast7 DEPORTE (de una portería) goal post8 (de golf) club\dar palos to beatdar palos de ciego to grope about in the darkde tal palo tal astila like father like sonechar a palos to kick outestar hecho,-a un palo familiar to be as thin as a rakeno dar un palo al agua familiar not to do a strokepalo de escoba broomstickpalo de golf golf clubpalo dulce liquoricepalo mayor mainmast* * *noun m.* * *SM1) (=vara) [de poco grosor] stick; [fijo en el suelo] post; [de telégrafos, tienda de campaña] pole; [de herramienta] handle, shaftmás tieso que un palo —
palo de amasar — Arg, Uru rolling pin
2) (=madera)pata de palo — wooden leg, peg leg
3) (=golpe) blow- no dar o pegar ni palo al aguani a palos * —
ni a palos me voy yo de aquí dejándote sola — wild horses wouldn't make me go off and leave you on your own, there's no way I would go off and leave you on your own *
4) * (=disgusto) bummer **, nightmare *es un palo que te bajen el sueldo — it's a real bummer ** o nightmare * that they're cutting your salary
¡qué palo si suspendo! — it'll be a real bummer ** o nightmare * if I fail!
•
dar palo, me daría palo que se enterase — I would hate it if he found out•
llevarse un palo, nos llevamos un palo muy gordo cuando descubrimos la verdad — it was a real blow when we found out the truth5) (Náut) mast[comer, beber]nos comimos el jamón a palo seco — we had the ham on its own, we had the ham with nothing to wash it down
no pasa un día a palo seco — Ven he never goes a single day without a drink
6) (Dep)a) [de portería] postb) [para golpear] [en hockey] stick; [en golf] club7) (=de uva) stalk8) (Tip) [de b, d] upstroke; [de p, q] downstroke9) (Naipes) suitpalo del triunfo — trump suit, trumps pl
10) (Mús) [en flamenco] style11) esp LAm (Bot) treepalo de hule — CAm rubber tree
12) Ven * [de licor] swig *, slug *13) Chile*palo grueso — big shot *
14) Méx *** (=acto sexual) screw ***echar un palo — to have a screw ***
15) Col, Venun palo de: un palo de casa — a marvellous house
cayó un palo de agua — the rain came pouring down, there was a huge downpour *
* * *1)a) ( trozo de madera) stick; (de valla, portería) post; ( de herramienta) handle; ( de telégrafos) pole; (de tienda, carpa) tent polepalo de escoba — broomstick, broomhandle
(flaco) como un palo — (fam) as thin as a rake o rail
más tieso que un palo — as stiff as a board
de tal palo, tal astilla — a chip off the old block, like father like son (o like mother like daughter etc)
b) (AmC, Col fam) ( árbol) treed) (Náut) masta palo seco — (fam)
e) palos masculino plural (Equ) rails (pl)2) ( madera) woodno está el palo para cucharas — (Col fam) the time isn't right
3) (Impr) (de la b, d) ascender; (de la p, q) descender4)a) (fam) ( golpe) blow (with a stick)lo molieron a palos — they beat him till he was black and blue
dar palos de ciego — ( al pelear) to lash o strike out blindly; ( al resolver un problema) to grope in the dark
ni a palo(s) — (AmS) no way
palos porque bogas, palos porque no bogas — you can't win
b) (fam) (revés, daño) blowc) (fam) ( en cuestiones de dinero)darle or pegarle un palo a alguien — to rip somebody off (colloq)
5) ( en naipes) suit7) (Ven fam) ( trago) drink8) (Col, Ven fam) ( de agua)cayó un palo de agua — it poured (with rain), it poured down
* * *= handle, stick, lance.Ex. The ball pelts, which were usually sheepskin, were fixed to the handles with nails which were only lightly knocked in, and were removed after the day's work (and often during the midday break as well).Ex. Any sport that involves a stick or racket, a ball or other projectile, or body contact presents a risk of serious eye injury.Ex. Hoses 60 m long with hand held lances were used to apply the herbicides.----* botón en forma de palo = toggle fastener.* dar palos de ciego = grope (for/toward).* delgado como un palo = stick-thin.* de tal palo tal astilla = a chip off the old block, like father, like son.* en casa de herrero cuchillo de palo = the cobbler's children run barefoot.* llevarse un palo = be gutted, feel + gutted.* matar a palos = beat + Nombre + to death.* palo de golf = golf club.* palo de (la) escoba = broomstick.* palo de rosa = rosewood.* palo largo para alcanzar Algo = long-handled reacher.* palos al aire = a stab in the dark.* palos de ciego = a stab in the dark, a shot in the dark.* palos de ciego, palos al aire = a shot in the dark.* * *1)a) ( trozo de madera) stick; (de valla, portería) post; ( de herramienta) handle; ( de telégrafos) pole; (de tienda, carpa) tent polepalo de escoba — broomstick, broomhandle
(flaco) como un palo — (fam) as thin as a rake o rail
más tieso que un palo — as stiff as a board
de tal palo, tal astilla — a chip off the old block, like father like son (o like mother like daughter etc)
b) (AmC, Col fam) ( árbol) treed) (Náut) masta palo seco — (fam)
e) palos masculino plural (Equ) rails (pl)2) ( madera) woodno está el palo para cucharas — (Col fam) the time isn't right
3) (Impr) (de la b, d) ascender; (de la p, q) descender4)a) (fam) ( golpe) blow (with a stick)lo molieron a palos — they beat him till he was black and blue
dar palos de ciego — ( al pelear) to lash o strike out blindly; ( al resolver un problema) to grope in the dark
ni a palo(s) — (AmS) no way
palos porque bogas, palos porque no bogas — you can't win
b) (fam) (revés, daño) blowc) (fam) ( en cuestiones de dinero)darle or pegarle un palo a alguien — to rip somebody off (colloq)
5) ( en naipes) suit7) (Ven fam) ( trago) drink8) (Col, Ven fam) ( de agua)cayó un palo de agua — it poured (with rain), it poured down
* * *= handle, stick, lance.Ex: The ball pelts, which were usually sheepskin, were fixed to the handles with nails which were only lightly knocked in, and were removed after the day's work (and often during the midday break as well).
Ex: Any sport that involves a stick or racket, a ball or other projectile, or body contact presents a risk of serious eye injury.Ex: Hoses 60 m long with hand held lances were used to apply the herbicides.* botón en forma de palo = toggle fastener.* dar palos de ciego = grope (for/toward).* delgado como un palo = stick-thin.* de tal palo tal astilla = a chip off the old block, like father, like son.* en casa de herrero cuchillo de palo = the cobbler's children run barefoot.* llevarse un palo = be gutted, feel + gutted.* matar a palos = beat + Nombre + to death.* palo de golf = golf club.* palo de (la) escoba = broomstick.* palo de rosa = rosewood.* palo largo para alcanzar Algo = long-handled reacher.* palos al aire = a stab in the dark.* palos de ciego = a stab in the dark, a shot in the dark.* palos de ciego, palos al aire = a shot in the dark.* * *Aclavar un palo en la tierra to drive a stake into the groundla pelota dio en el palo the ball hit the post o goalpostel palo de la escoba the broomstick o broomhandleme pegaba con un palo he used to hit me with a stickestar (flaco) como un palo ( fam); to be as thin as a rakemás tieso que un palo as stiff as a board o ( BrE) pokerde tal palo, tal astilla a chip off the old block, like father like son ( o like mother like daughter etc)2 (de una tienda, carpa) tent pole5 (de un polo) stick6 ( Náut) masta palo seco ( fam); under bare polesse lo comió a palo seco she ate it on its ownno me gusta beberlo a palo seco I don't like drinking it without eating anythingme lo dijo a palo seco she told me outright o ( BrE) straight outle pagaron los $10, a palo seco he was paid the $10 and not a penny more o and that was itle sacaron la muela a palo seco he had the tooth taken out with no anestheticque cada palo aguante su vela each of us must face up to our own responsibilitiesiba por los palos he was staying close to the railsCompuestos:( RPl) rolling pinmizzenmastforemastgreasy polemainmastlos de afuera son de palo ( RPl); those not in the game, keep quietCompuestos:A ( Bot) paradise treeB ( Chi) (testaferro) front man, figureheadrosewoodlicorice*lignum vitaeCompuesto:sans serif, sanserifDle dieron un palo en la cabeza he got whacked on the head with a stick ( colloq)lo molieron a palos they beat him till he was black and bluedar palos de ciego (al pelear) to lash o strike out blindly; (para resolver un problema) to grope in the darkni a palo(s) ( AmS); no wayni a palo(s) van a lograr que retire lo dicho there's no way they'll get me to take back what I saidpalos porque bogas, palos porque no bogas you can't win2 ( fam) (revés, daño) blowel accidente de su hijo fue un palo muy gordo his son's accident was a terrible blow¡qué palo! han perdido otra vez what a downer! they've lost again ( colloq)el libro recibió un buen palo de la crítica the book was panned o ( AmE) roasted o ( BrE) slated by the critics3 ( fam)(en cuestiones de dinero): darle or pegarle un palo a algn to rip sb off ( colloq)E (en naipes) suitseguir el palo to follow suitvamos a echar unos palos let's have a drinkHI1(Col, Ven fam) (de agua): ayer cayó un palo de agua it poured (with rain) yesterday, it poured down yesterday* * *
palo sustantivo masculino
1
(de valla, portería) post;
( de herramienta) handle;
(de tienda, carpa) tent pole;
de tal palo, tal astilla a chip off the old block, like father like son (o like mother like daughter etc)
( de hockey) hockey stickd) (Náut) mast;
2 ( madera) wood;
3 (fam) ( golpe) blow (with a stick);◊ lo molieron a palos they beat him till he was black and blue
4 ( en naipes) suit
palo sustantivo masculino
1 stick: este queso está más seco que un palo, this cheese is as dry as dust
su hermano está como un palo, his brother is as thin as a rake
2 (estacazo) blow
3 fam (disgusto, golpe) blow: su muerte ha sido un palo para ella, his death was a real blow to her
me da palo tener que decírselo yo, I'm really cut up about having to tell her
(decepción) disappointment: menudo palo nos dio cuando nos dijeron que no cantaría, it was a real disappointment to us when we heard that he wasn't going to sing
(rollo) drag
4 (madera) una cuchara/pata de palo, a wooden spoon/ leg
5 Náut (mástil) mast
palo mayor, mainmast
6 Dep (de portería) woodwork
7 Golf club
8 Naipes suit
♦ Locuciones: moler a palos a alguien, to beat sb up
a palo seco, on its own
de tal palo, tal astilla, like father, like son
' palo' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
astilla
- caballito
- estaca
- garrote
- hisopo
- jarabe
- tranca
- trinquete
- vara
- verga
- bolo
- cachiporra
- corazón
- empuñar
- espada
- extremo
- helado
- oro
- partir
- pata
- pica
- pique
- rombo
- trébol
- triunfo
English:
broomstick
- carrot
- chip
- club
- drive
- end
- father
- golf club
- like
- pointed
- Pole
- ram
- rosewood
- shaft
- stake
- stick
- stout
- stroke
- suit
- taper
- wave
- wooden
- broom
- dead
- golf
- pole
- spar
- wood
* * *palo nm1. [trozo de madera] stick;palo de escoba broomhandle;los palos de la tienda de campaña the tent poles;Famcomo un palo [flaco] as thin as a rake;de tal palo, tal astilla like father like sonRP palo de amasar rolling pin2. [de golf] club;[de hockey] stick3. [de portería] [laterales] post;[larguero] bar;estrellaron tres disparos en los palos they hit the woodwork three times4. [mástil] mast;Fama palo seco [sin nada más] without anything else, on its own;[bebida] neat;que cada palo aguante su vela each of us is responsible for his/her own affairspalo mayor mainmast;palo de mesana mizzenmast;palo de trinquete foremast5. [golpe] blow (with a stick);dar de palos a alguien to beat o hit sb (with a stick);liarse a palos (con alguien) to come to blows (with sb);moler a alguien a palos to thrash sb (with a stick);dar palos de ciego [criticar] to lash out (wildly);[no saber qué hacer] to grope around in the dark; Andes, RP Famni a palos: eso no lo hago ni a palos there's no way I'm going to do that;Fam6. [mala crítica] bad review;se llevó muchos palos de la crítica she was panned by the critics¡qué palo, me han suspendido! what a drag, I've failed!;se ha llevado muchos palos últimamente he's had to put up with a lot recentlyprefiero que se lo digas tú, a mí me da mucho palo I'd rather you told him, I really don't want toda mucho palo ponerse a estudiar en verano it's a pain o drag having to start studying during the summerdar un palo en un banco to stick up a bank11. [de baraja] suit13. [de cante flamenco] = style of flamenco singing;Famtocar todos los palos [hacer de todo] to do a bit of everythinguna cuchara de palo a wooden spoon;Amno ser de palo not to be made of stone;RP Famlos de afuera son de palo outsiders have no saypalo de rosa rosewood15. Am [árbol, arbusto] treepalo borracho silk floss tree;palo de Brasil brazil wood tree;palo dulce liquorice root;palo santo lignum vitaeesa casa vale dos palos y medio this house is worth two and a half millionun palo verde a million buckspalo de mujer real beauty;palo de agua [aguacero] downpour, deluge of rain19. CompCuba, Méx muy Famecharse un palo to have a screw, Br to have it off;Ven Famechar un palo to have a drink;Ven Fam* * *mde tal palo tal astilla a chip off the old block fam ;2 MAR mast;que cada palo aguante su vela everybody has to stand up and be counted3 de portería post, upright4 figblow5:a medio palo L.Am. half-drunk;a palo seco whiskey straight up6 L.Am.ser un palo be fantastic7:* * *palo nm1) : stick, pole, post2) : shaft, handlepalo de escoba: broomstick3) : mast, spar4) : wood5) : blow (with a stick)6) : suit (of cards)* * *palo n1. (vara) stick2. (mástil) mast3. (de golf) club4. (de fútbol) post5. (de hockey) stick6. (disgusto) blow¡qué palo! what a blow!7. (de la baraja) suit
См. также в других словарях:
Log flume (attraction) — Log flumes (colloquially known as log rides ) originally referred to a special construct used to transport lumber and logs down mountainous terrain to a sawmill by using flowing water. Today, however, the term is also used to refer to an… … Wikipedia
Log — may refer to: *Chip log, a device used in navigation to estimate the speed of a vessel through water. *Data log, a record of sequential data *Laplacian of Gaussian * Log (journal) , an architectural magazine *Log (village), a former urban type… … Wikipedia
Log Cabin (Bellevue, Nebraska) — Old Log Cabin U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
Bob Log III — Infobox musical artist Name = Bob Log III Img capt = Bob Log III performing in Tempe, AZ Background = group or band Origin = Tucson, Arizona, USA Occupation = Singer, Musician, Instrument = vocals, Guitar, drums Genre = Punk blues, alternative… … Wikipedia
Cypress Log Cabin — U.S. Historic district Contributing property … Wikipedia
Noddy (log canoe) — U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
C. A. Nothnagle Log House — Nothnagle, C. A., Log House U.S. National Register of Historic Places New Jersey Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
Magic (log canoe) — U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
Mystery (log canoe) — U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
Oliver's Gift (log canoe) — U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia
Daniel Waggoner Log House and Barn — U.S. National Register of Historic Places … Wikipedia