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21 throw
throw [θrəʊ]lancer ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (e), 2, 3 (a) jeter ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (e) projeter ⇒ 1 (c), 1 (e) plonger ⇒ 1 (d) jet ⇒ 3 (a) coup ⇒ 3 (b) tour ⇒ 3 (b)(a) (stone) lancer, jeter; (ball) lancer; Sport (discus, javelin etc) lancer; (dice) jeter; (coal onto fire) mettre;∎ throw me the ball, throw the ball to me lance-moi le ballon;∎ he threw the ball over the wall il a lancé ou envoyé le ballon par-dessus le mur;∎ a bomb was thrown into the crowded waiting room une bombe a été lancée dans la salle d'attente bondée;∎ could you throw me my lighter? peux-tu me lancer mon briquet?;∎ she threw the serviette into the bin elle a jeté la serviette à la poubelle;∎ children were throwing bread to the birds les enfants jetaient ou lançaient du pain aux oiseaux;∎ he threw his jacket over a chair il a jeté sa veste sur une chaise;∎ to throw a sheet over sth couvrir qch d'un drap;∎ she threw a few clothes into a suitcase elle a jeté quelques affaires dans une valise;∎ I threw some cold water on my face je me suis aspergé la figure avec de l'eau froide;∎ a group of rioters threw stones at the police/the car un groupe de manifestants a lancé ou jeté des pierres sur les policiers/la voiture;∎ he threw two sixes (with dice) il a jeté deux six;∎ to throw sb into prison or jail jeter qn en prison;∎ to throw sb to the lions jeter qn aux lions; figurative jeter qn en pâture(b) (opponent, rider) jeter (par ou à terre);∎ his opponent threw him to the ground (in fight) son adversaire l'a jeté à terre; (in wrestling match) son adversaire l'a envoyé au sol ou au tapis;∎ the horse threw him le cheval le désarçonna ou le jeta à terre(c) (with force, violence) projeter;∎ she was thrown clear (in car accident) elle a été éjectée;∎ the force of the explosion threw them against the wall la force de l'explosion les a projetés contre le mur;∎ to throw open ouvrir en grand ou tout grand;∎ she threw open the door/windows elle a ouvert la porte/les fenêtres en grand;∎ figurative the House of Commons has been thrown open to the television cameras la Chambre des communes a été ouverte aux caméras de télévision;∎ she threw herself into an armchair elle s'est jetée dans un fauteuil;∎ he threw himself at her feet il s'est jeté à ses pieds;∎ she threw herself at him (attacked) elle s'est jetée ou s'est ruée sur lui; (as lover) elle s'est jetée sur lui ou à sa tête;∎ figurative he threw himself on the mercy of the king il s'en est remis au bon vouloir du roi∎ the news threw them into confusion/a panic les nouvelles les ont plongés dans l'embarras/les ont affolés;∎ the scandal has thrown the country into confusion le scandale a semé la confusion dans le pays;∎ to throw oneself into one's work se plonger dans son travail;∎ she threw herself into the job of organizing the wedding elle s'est plongée avec enthousiasme dans l'organisation des noces(e) (direct, aim → look, glance) jeter, lancer; (→ accusation, reproach) lancer, envoyer; (→ punch) lancer, porter; (cast → light, shadows) projeter;∎ to throw sb a kiss envoyer un baiser à qn;∎ to throw a question at sb poser une question à brûle-pourpoint à qn;∎ don't throw that one at me!, don't throw that in my face! ne me faites pas ce reproche!, ne me jetez pas ça à la figure!;∎ Theatre to throw one's voice projeter sa voix;∎ Building industry to throw a bridge over a river jeter un pont sur une rivière∎ that question really threw me! cette question m'a vraiment désarçonné!, je ne savais vraiment pas quoi répondre à cette question!;∎ I was completely thrown for a few seconds je suis resté tout interdit pendant quelques secondes(g) (activate → switch, lever, clutch) actionner∎ to throw a pot (potter) tourner un vase∎ to throw a litter mettre bas∎ she can throw a hundred metres elle est capable de lancer à cent mètres;∎ I can't throw straight je n'arrive pas à lancer droit3 noun∎ his whole fortune depended on a single throw of the dice toute sa fortune dépendait d'un seul coup de dés;∎ it's your throw c'est ton tour, (c'est) à toi;∎ Sport a free throw un lancer franc;∎ that was a good throw! vous avez bien visé!∎ 10p a throw 10 pence le coup;∎ at £20 a throw I can't afford it à 20 livres chaque fois, je ne peux pas me l'offrir□ ;∎ give me another throw laissez-moi encore une chance□►► American throw pillow coussin m∎ the boys were throwing a ball about les garçons jouaient à la balle;∎ don't throw your books/toys about like that ne lance pas tes livres/jouets comme ça;∎ to throw one's money about gaspiller son argent;∎ to be thrown about être ballotté∎ to throw oneself about s'agiter, se débattre;∎ she was throwing her arms about wildly elle agitait frénétiquement les bras(unwanted object) rejeter, laisser de côté; (friend, work) laisser tomber, laisser de côté; (idea, suggestion) rejeter, repousser; (prejudices, fears, hatred etc) se débarrasser de(a) (old clothes, rubbish) jeter(b) figurative (waste → advantage, opportunity, talents) gaspiller, gâcher; (→ affection, friendship) perdre;∎ don't throw your money away on expensive toys ne gaspille pas ton argent à acheter des jouets coûteux;∎ you're throwing away your only chance of happiness vous êtes en train de gâcher votre seule chance de bonheur;∎ his presents are just thrown away on her elle ne sait pas apprécier les cadeaux qu'il lui fait;∎ don't throw yourself away on a waster like him ne gâche pas ta vie pour un bon à rien pareil(in cards) se défausser(a) (gen) relancer, renvoyer; (fish) rejeter (à l'eau); figurative (image, light) réfléchir, renvoyer; (heat) réverbérer;∎ she threw his words of love back at him elle lui a jeté tous ses mots d'amour à la tête;∎ figurative to throw sth back in sb's face jeter qch à la figure de qn∎ we were thrown back on our own resources on a dû se rabattre sur nos propres ressources(a) (to lower level) jeter;∎ can you throw the towel down to me? pouvez-vous me lancer la serviette?;∎ she threw her bag down on the floor elle a jeté son sac par terre;∎ to throw oneself down on the ground/on one's knees se jeter par terre/à genoux;∎ he threw his cards down on the table il a jeté ses cartes sur la table;∎ I threw the money down on the counter j'ai jeté l'argent sur le comptoir∎ they threw down their arms ils ont déposé les armes∎ it's throwing it down (raining) il pleut à verse□, il tombe des cordes➲ throw in∎ also figurative to throw in the towel jeter l'éponge;∎ also figurative to throw in one's hand abandonner la partie(b) (interject → remark, suggestion) placer;∎ she threw in a few comments about housing problems elle a placé quelques remarques sur les problèmes de logement∎ breakfast is thrown in le petit déjeuner est compris;∎ the salesman said he'd throw in a free door if we bought new windows le vendeur nous a promis une porte gratuite pour l'achat de fenêtres neuves;∎ with a special trip to Stockholm thrown in avec en prime une excursion à Stockholm∎ American to throw in with sb s'associer à ou avec qn∎ he threw off his shirt and dived into the water il enleva sa chemise et plongea dans l'eau(b) (get rid of → habit, inhibition) se défaire de, se débarrasser de; (→ burden) se libérer de, se débarrasser de; (→ cold, infection) se débarrasser de(c) (elude → pursuer) perdre, semer;∎ he managed to throw the dogs off the trail il a réussi à dépister les chiens(d) (write hastily → poem etc) composer au pied levé(clothes) enfiler ou passer (à la hâte);∎ she threw on some make-up/an old coat elle s'est maquillée/a enfilé un vieux manteau à la hâte(a) (rubbish, unwanted items) jeter, mettre au rebut(b) (eject → from building) mettre à la porte, jeter dehors; (→ from night club) jeter dehors, vider; (evict → from accommodation) expulser; (expel → from school, army) renvoyer, expulser;∎ we were thrown out of our jobs on s'est fait mettre à la porte;∎ the takeover will throw a lot of people out of work le rachat va mettre beaucoup de monde au chômage(c) (reject → bill, proposal) rejeter, repousser(d) (extend → arms, leg) tendre, étendre;∎ to throw out one's chest bomber le torse(e) (make → remark, suggestion) émettre, laisser tomber;∎ to throw out a challenge lancer un défi∎ she threw me over for another guy elle m'a laissé tomber pour un autre∎ he managed to throw a meal together il a réussi à improviser un repas□ ;∎ the film looks as if it's been thrown together le film semble bâclé;∎ she threw the report together the night before elle a rédigé le rapport en vitesse la veille au soir□∎ she threw a few things together and rang for a taxi elle a jeté quelques affaires dans un sac et a appelé un taxi(c) (by accident) réunir par hasard;∎ Fate had thrown them together le destin les avait réunis➲ throw up(a) (above one's head) jeter ou lancer en l'air;∎ can you throw me up my towel? peux-tu me lancer ma serviette?;∎ they threw their hats up into the air ils ont lancé leur chapeau en l'air;∎ she threw up her hands in horror elle a levé les bras en signe d'horreur(b) (produce → problem) produire, créer; (→ evidence) mettre à jour; (→ dust, dirt) soulever; (→ artist) produire;∎ the discussion threw up some new ideas la discussion a amené de nouvelles idées(c) (abandon → career, studies) abandonner, laisser tomber; (→ chance, opportunity) laisser passer, gaspillerfamiliar vomir□, rendre;∎ it makes you want to throw up c'est à vomir -
22 נשא
נָשָׂא(b. h.; cmp. נָסָה) 1) to lift up, carry. Sot.35a נ׳ ארין את נוֹשְׂאָיו the Ark carried its carriers. Ab.ch.VI נוֹשֵׂא בעולוכ׳ helps his brother to bear his yoke. Ber.III, 1 נוֹשְׂאֵי המטה, v. מִטָּה. Meg.9a (one of the changes in translating the Bible into Greek) נוֹשֵׂא בני אדם a carrier of men (for חֲמֹר, Ex. 4:20); a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 6 אני מרומם ונושא את ראשם I will raise and elevate their head; v. infra.נ׳ כפים, v. בַּף.נ׳ פנים to lift up the face, to respect, favor, spare, be partial. Ḥag.14a (expl. נשוא פנים, Is. 3:3) זה שנוֹשְׂאִין פ׳ לדורו בעבורו he for whose sake his generation is favored in heaven. Sabb.13b שלא נ׳ פ׳ לתורה who spared him not for the sake of his scholarship. Yoma 87a שנָשְׂאוּ לו פ׳ בעה״ז that indulgence was shown him (by the Lord) in this world. Num. R. s. 11 לא אֶשָּׂא פ׳ מפניך shall I not favor thee for thy own sake? Ib. כשם שהם נוֹשְׂאִין ליוכ׳ as they (the Israelites) honor me (by saying grace even after a scanty meal), so do I favor them; a. fr.נ׳ נפש אל to lift up the soul to, to long for. Midr. Till. to Ps. 25:1 למה אתה נושא נפשך אלי why dost thou lift up thy soul to me (why dost thou depend on me)?; Yalk. ib. 701.נ׳ קרבן to offer up a sacrifice. Ib. 702 אדם חוטא ונושא ק׳ if a man sinned, he offered ; Midr. Till. l. c. נושא ומביא ק׳ (corr. acc.)Part. pass. נָשׂוּא, f. נְשׂוּאָה Ib. עכשו … הרי נפשנו נ׳ לך now that we have no sacrifloes, our soul is lifted up to thee. 2) to lift, remove. Pesik. R. l. c. (ref. to the double meaning of נ׳, to raise a. to remove) לכו שְׂאוּ את ראשו go and remove (or lift up) his head; a. fr.נ׳ עון to forgive. Y.Snh.X, beg., 27c (ref. to Ex. 34:7) נושא עוונות איןוכ׳ the text does not say, ‘removing iniquities, but ‘removing iniquity, the Lord takes away (from the scales) one bond of mans sins, and the merits prevail ; Y.Peah I, 16b bot. (corr. acc.); Yalk. Ex. 400; v. שְׁטַר. Pesik. R. s. 45; a. e. 3) to take, esp. נ׳ ונתן to take and give, to deal; to transact, argue. Sabb.31a נָשָׂאתָ ונתת באמונה hast thou (while on earth) been dealing honestly? B. Mets.48a הנושא ונותן בדברים he who concludes a bargain verbally. Tanḥ. Shmoth 18 כשם שנושאין ונותנין בהלכהוכ׳ as well as they debate on the law below, so do they above. Ib. שנושאין ונותנין בדיןוכ׳ they argue in court, and the Lord argues with them; a. fr. 4) נ׳ אשה, or נ׳ to take a wife into ones house, to marry. Keth.II, 1 בתולה נְשָׂאתַנִי thou hast married me as a virgin; אלמנה נְשָׂאתִיךְ I married thee as a widow. Yeb.37b לא יִשָּׂא אדםוכ׳ one may not marry in one country and go away M. Kat. I, 7 אין נושאין נשיםוכ׳ no marriages may take place during the festive week; a. v. fr.Part. pass. נָשׂוּי (followed by accus.) having married; f. נְשׂוּאָה (followed by ל) being married to; pl. נְשׂוּאִים, … אִין; נְשׂוּאוֹת. Yeb.III, 6 ואחד נ׳ נכרית one of them has married a stranger. Ib. ומתו הנ׳ את האחיות and those brothers who had married two sisters died. Ib. I, 2 (2b) היתה … נשואה לאחיו Y. ed. (Mish. ed. נשואת, corr. acc.; Bab. ed. נשואות) if his daughter or … was married to ; a. fr.Tosef. ib. VI, 5 נָשׂאוּי. Nif. נִישָּׂא 1) to be lifted up, removed Pesik. R. l. c. כבר … שיִנָּשְׂאוּ את ראשםוכ׳ it had been decreed that their head should be lifted (v. supra): turn its meaning and elevate their head. 2) f. נִישֵּׂאת, נִשֵּׂ׳, נִישֵּׂת, נִיסֵּת to be married. Keth.I, 1 בתולה נ׳וכ׳ a virgins marriage takes place on the fourth day of the week. Ib. V, 2 הגיע … ולא נִשְּׂאוּ if the time set for marriage expired and they were not taken in marriage. Yeb.II, 10 מותרות לִינָּשֵׂא להם they may marry them. Ib. 88b הרי זו לא תִנָּשֵׂא ואם ניסתוכ׳ she must not marry again, and if she does ; Keth.22b; a. v. fr. Hif. הִשִּׂיא 1) to lift up, to announce by signals (the New Moon). R. Hash. II, 2, a. e. מַשִּׂיאִין, v. מַשּׂוּאָה. Y. ib. II, 58a top אין משיאין לילי זמנו we do not raise signals in the night of the regular New Moon (from the 29th> to the 30th>) ; a. fr.Tosef. ib. II , 2 מַסִּיעִין את החדש ed. Zuck. (משיא׳ על, מסיא׳) we signalize the New Moon. 2) to transfer. Deut. R. s. 11 (ref. to ישא, Ps. 24:5) יַשִּׂיא ברכה לאחרים he will bring blessing upon others. 3) to move, remove, pass. Bets.III, 7 מַשִּׂיאָהּ על גבי חברתה he may pass one knife over the other (to whet it). Tosef.Par.X (IX), 3 הִשִּׂיאוֹ לדבר אחר he diverted his mind to wards another subject; Ab. Zar. II, 5. Y. ib. II, 41c bot. היה לו להַשִּׂיאוֹוכ׳, v. הֶשֵּׂיאָה. 4) to transfer, transcribe, translate. Tosef.Sot.VIII, 6 הִשִּׂיאוּ את הכתבוכ׳ they transcribed the inscription on the stones in seventy languages; Sot.35b; Y. ib. VII, 21d bot. 5) to give away in marriage; to cause to marry. Keth.111b כל המַשִּׂיא בתווכ׳ he who marries his daughter to a scholar. Ib. 67b top מַשִּׂיאִין את היתומהוכ׳ we must first help the fatherless maiden to marry, and then the fatherless lad. Kidd.29a האב חייב … ולהַשִּׂיאוֹ אשה a father is bound to …, and to provide a wife for him; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְנַשֵּׂא to be raised; to exalt ones self, to boast. Ab. Zar.44a, v. הָלַם. Ber.63b להִתְנַשֵּׂא, v. נָבַל; a. e. -
23 נָשָׂא
נָשָׂא(b. h.; cmp. נָסָה) 1) to lift up, carry. Sot.35a נ׳ ארין את נוֹשְׂאָיו the Ark carried its carriers. Ab.ch.VI נוֹשֵׂא בעולוכ׳ helps his brother to bear his yoke. Ber.III, 1 נוֹשְׂאֵי המטה, v. מִטָּה. Meg.9a (one of the changes in translating the Bible into Greek) נוֹשֵׂא בני אדם a carrier of men (for חֲמֹר, Ex. 4:20); a. v. fr.Pesik. R. s. 6 אני מרומם ונושא את ראשם I will raise and elevate their head; v. infra.נ׳ כפים, v. בַּף.נ׳ פנים to lift up the face, to respect, favor, spare, be partial. Ḥag.14a (expl. נשוא פנים, Is. 3:3) זה שנוֹשְׂאִין פ׳ לדורו בעבורו he for whose sake his generation is favored in heaven. Sabb.13b שלא נ׳ פ׳ לתורה who spared him not for the sake of his scholarship. Yoma 87a שנָשְׂאוּ לו פ׳ בעה״ז that indulgence was shown him (by the Lord) in this world. Num. R. s. 11 לא אֶשָּׂא פ׳ מפניך shall I not favor thee for thy own sake? Ib. כשם שהם נוֹשְׂאִין ליוכ׳ as they (the Israelites) honor me (by saying grace even after a scanty meal), so do I favor them; a. fr.נ׳ נפש אל to lift up the soul to, to long for. Midr. Till. to Ps. 25:1 למה אתה נושא נפשך אלי why dost thou lift up thy soul to me (why dost thou depend on me)?; Yalk. ib. 701.נ׳ קרבן to offer up a sacrifice. Ib. 702 אדם חוטא ונושא ק׳ if a man sinned, he offered ; Midr. Till. l. c. נושא ומביא ק׳ (corr. acc.)Part. pass. נָשׂוּא, f. נְשׂוּאָה Ib. עכשו … הרי נפשנו נ׳ לך now that we have no sacrifloes, our soul is lifted up to thee. 2) to lift, remove. Pesik. R. l. c. (ref. to the double meaning of נ׳, to raise a. to remove) לכו שְׂאוּ את ראשו go and remove (or lift up) his head; a. fr.נ׳ עון to forgive. Y.Snh.X, beg., 27c (ref. to Ex. 34:7) נושא עוונות איןוכ׳ the text does not say, ‘removing iniquities, but ‘removing iniquity, the Lord takes away (from the scales) one bond of mans sins, and the merits prevail ; Y.Peah I, 16b bot. (corr. acc.); Yalk. Ex. 400; v. שְׁטַר. Pesik. R. s. 45; a. e. 3) to take, esp. נ׳ ונתן to take and give, to deal; to transact, argue. Sabb.31a נָשָׂאתָ ונתת באמונה hast thou (while on earth) been dealing honestly? B. Mets.48a הנושא ונותן בדברים he who concludes a bargain verbally. Tanḥ. Shmoth 18 כשם שנושאין ונותנין בהלכהוכ׳ as well as they debate on the law below, so do they above. Ib. שנושאין ונותנין בדיןוכ׳ they argue in court, and the Lord argues with them; a. fr. 4) נ׳ אשה, or נ׳ to take a wife into ones house, to marry. Keth.II, 1 בתולה נְשָׂאתַנִי thou hast married me as a virgin; אלמנה נְשָׂאתִיךְ I married thee as a widow. Yeb.37b לא יִשָּׂא אדםוכ׳ one may not marry in one country and go away M. Kat. I, 7 אין נושאין נשיםוכ׳ no marriages may take place during the festive week; a. v. fr.Part. pass. נָשׂוּי (followed by accus.) having married; f. נְשׂוּאָה (followed by ל) being married to; pl. נְשׂוּאִים, … אִין; נְשׂוּאוֹת. Yeb.III, 6 ואחד נ׳ נכרית one of them has married a stranger. Ib. ומתו הנ׳ את האחיות and those brothers who had married two sisters died. Ib. I, 2 (2b) היתה … נשואה לאחיו Y. ed. (Mish. ed. נשואת, corr. acc.; Bab. ed. נשואות) if his daughter or … was married to ; a. fr.Tosef. ib. VI, 5 נָשׂאוּי. Nif. נִישָּׂא 1) to be lifted up, removed Pesik. R. l. c. כבר … שיִנָּשְׂאוּ את ראשםוכ׳ it had been decreed that their head should be lifted (v. supra): turn its meaning and elevate their head. 2) f. נִישֵּׂאת, נִשֵּׂ׳, נִישֵּׂת, נִיסֵּת to be married. Keth.I, 1 בתולה נ׳וכ׳ a virgins marriage takes place on the fourth day of the week. Ib. V, 2 הגיע … ולא נִשְּׂאוּ if the time set for marriage expired and they were not taken in marriage. Yeb.II, 10 מותרות לִינָּשֵׂא להם they may marry them. Ib. 88b הרי זו לא תִנָּשֵׂא ואם ניסתוכ׳ she must not marry again, and if she does ; Keth.22b; a. v. fr. Hif. הִשִּׂיא 1) to lift up, to announce by signals (the New Moon). R. Hash. II, 2, a. e. מַשִּׂיאִין, v. מַשּׂוּאָה. Y. ib. II, 58a top אין משיאין לילי זמנו we do not raise signals in the night of the regular New Moon (from the 29th> to the 30th>) ; a. fr.Tosef. ib. II , 2 מַסִּיעִין את החדש ed. Zuck. (משיא׳ על, מסיא׳) we signalize the New Moon. 2) to transfer. Deut. R. s. 11 (ref. to ישא, Ps. 24:5) יַשִּׂיא ברכה לאחרים he will bring blessing upon others. 3) to move, remove, pass. Bets.III, 7 מַשִּׂיאָהּ על גבי חברתה he may pass one knife over the other (to whet it). Tosef.Par.X (IX), 3 הִשִּׂיאוֹ לדבר אחר he diverted his mind to wards another subject; Ab. Zar. II, 5. Y. ib. II, 41c bot. היה לו להַשִּׂיאוֹוכ׳, v. הֶשֵּׂיאָה. 4) to transfer, transcribe, translate. Tosef.Sot.VIII, 6 הִשִּׂיאוּ את הכתבוכ׳ they transcribed the inscription on the stones in seventy languages; Sot.35b; Y. ib. VII, 21d bot. 5) to give away in marriage; to cause to marry. Keth.111b כל המַשִּׂיא בתווכ׳ he who marries his daughter to a scholar. Ib. 67b top מַשִּׂיאִין את היתומהוכ׳ we must first help the fatherless maiden to marry, and then the fatherless lad. Kidd.29a האב חייב … ולהַשִּׂיאוֹ אשה a father is bound to …, and to provide a wife for him; a. fr. Hithpa. הִתְנַשֵּׂא to be raised; to exalt ones self, to boast. Ab. Zar.44a, v. הָלַם. Ber.63b להִתְנַשֵּׂא, v. נָבַל; a. e. -
24 שוב I
שוּבI (b. h.) to go back, come back. Sot.10b כל עובר ושָׁב every passer-by (in going or coming back). Gen. R. s. 48, a. fr. העוברים והשָׁבִים the travellers. Lev. R. s. 23 ושָׁבַת נפשו עליו (not עליה) and his soul came back (was restored) to him, i. e. he was reconciled; a. fr.Esp. to return ( to God); to repent. B. Bath. 110a (play on שב̇א̇ל̇ 1 Chr. 26:24) שש̇ב̇ לא̇ל̇ בכל לבו he returned to God with all his heart. Hor.2a (ref. to Lev. 4:22, sq.) השב … לא שבוכ׳ he who repents when he finds out (his wrong) brings a sacrifice for his error; if he does not repent, he is not permitted to sacrifice. Ab. II, 10 ושוּב יוםוכ׳ repent one day before thy death. Ex. R. s. 42 לעולם מקבלים השבים repentant sinners are accepted at all times; a. fr. Hif. הֵשִׁיב 1) to bring back, return, restore. Y.Yoma VIII, 45a bot. החומץ מֵשִׁיב את הנפש vinegar restores life, is a refreshing drink. Gitt.51b, a. e. אינו אלא כמשיב … ופטור he is in that case like one who restores a lost object, and therefore is not bound to make oath. Ib. לית ליה משיב … פטור he is not of the opinion that he who restores a lost object is exempt from making oath; a. fr. 2) to reply; to refute. Ab. II, 14 ורע מה שתָּשִׁיבוכ׳ that you may know how to answer the sceptic. Y.Gitt.IX, beg.50a נכנסו … להָשִׁיב על דבריווכ׳ four elders met to refute R. Eliezers words; Bab. ib. 83a; Tosef. ib. 9 (7), 1. Y. l. c. אין אתם מְשִׁיבִים את האריוכ׳ are you not going to refute the lion after he is dead?; Bab. ib. l. c. אין מְשִׁיבִיןוכ׳ you dare not refute Y. l. c. ה׳ר׳ טרפון R. T. argued (Bab. l. c. נענה; Tosef. l. c. אמר). Sabb.88b שומעין … משיבין, v. חֶרְפָּה. B. Kam.63b, a. e. אין משיבין על הקישא you must not argue against a conclusion from analogy. Ab. Zar. III, 4 אין משיבין במרחץ we must not answer (a religious question) in the bath-house. M. Kat. 21b מֵשִׁיב ואינו שואל the mourner may answer (a salutation), but must not salute; שואל ומשיב כדרכו he may salute and answer as usual; a. fr.Y.Gitt.VIII, 49c top, in Chald. dict. משיב, v. תּוּב I. 3) to go back with a message. Meg.15a; Ab. Zar.10b אין משיבין על הקלקלה you need not go back (to him that sent you) to bring bad news. Hof. הוּשָׁב to be replied; to refer. Y.B. Kam.II, 3a top על הראשונה הוּשָׁבָה the modification in the Mishnah ( במה דברים אמורים) refers to the first clause only; על כולה הושבה it refers to the whole paragraph. Y.Bicc.II, 65a top; a. e. -
25 שוּב
שוּבI (b. h.) to go back, come back. Sot.10b כל עובר ושָׁב every passer-by (in going or coming back). Gen. R. s. 48, a. fr. העוברים והשָׁבִים the travellers. Lev. R. s. 23 ושָׁבַת נפשו עליו (not עליה) and his soul came back (was restored) to him, i. e. he was reconciled; a. fr.Esp. to return ( to God); to repent. B. Bath. 110a (play on שב̇א̇ל̇ 1 Chr. 26:24) שש̇ב̇ לא̇ל̇ בכל לבו he returned to God with all his heart. Hor.2a (ref. to Lev. 4:22, sq.) השב … לא שבוכ׳ he who repents when he finds out (his wrong) brings a sacrifice for his error; if he does not repent, he is not permitted to sacrifice. Ab. II, 10 ושוּב יוםוכ׳ repent one day before thy death. Ex. R. s. 42 לעולם מקבלים השבים repentant sinners are accepted at all times; a. fr. Hif. הֵשִׁיב 1) to bring back, return, restore. Y.Yoma VIII, 45a bot. החומץ מֵשִׁיב את הנפש vinegar restores life, is a refreshing drink. Gitt.51b, a. e. אינו אלא כמשיב … ופטור he is in that case like one who restores a lost object, and therefore is not bound to make oath. Ib. לית ליה משיב … פטור he is not of the opinion that he who restores a lost object is exempt from making oath; a. fr. 2) to reply; to refute. Ab. II, 14 ורע מה שתָּשִׁיבוכ׳ that you may know how to answer the sceptic. Y.Gitt.IX, beg.50a נכנסו … להָשִׁיב על דבריווכ׳ four elders met to refute R. Eliezers words; Bab. ib. 83a; Tosef. ib. 9 (7), 1. Y. l. c. אין אתם מְשִׁיבִים את האריוכ׳ are you not going to refute the lion after he is dead?; Bab. ib. l. c. אין מְשִׁיבִיןוכ׳ you dare not refute Y. l. c. ה׳ר׳ טרפון R. T. argued (Bab. l. c. נענה; Tosef. l. c. אמר). Sabb.88b שומעין … משיבין, v. חֶרְפָּה. B. Kam.63b, a. e. אין משיבין על הקישא you must not argue against a conclusion from analogy. Ab. Zar. III, 4 אין משיבין במרחץ we must not answer (a religious question) in the bath-house. M. Kat. 21b מֵשִׁיב ואינו שואל the mourner may answer (a salutation), but must not salute; שואל ומשיב כדרכו he may salute and answer as usual; a. fr.Y.Gitt.VIII, 49c top, in Chald. dict. משיב, v. תּוּב I. 3) to go back with a message. Meg.15a; Ab. Zar.10b אין משיבין על הקלקלה you need not go back (to him that sent you) to bring bad news. Hof. הוּשָׁב to be replied; to refer. Y.B. Kam.II, 3a top על הראשונה הוּשָׁבָה the modification in the Mishnah ( במה דברים אמורים) refers to the first clause only; על כולה הושבה it refers to the whole paragraph. Y.Bicc.II, 65a top; a. e. -
26 כפרה
כַּפָּרָהf. (כָּפַר) atonement, expiation, expiatory service. Zeb.8a שתהא כ׳וכ׳ that the act of expiation (sprinkling) be performed with the understanding that the sacrifice is a sin-offering. Tosef. Yoma V (IV), 6, a. e. חלוקי כ׳ v. חָלַק.Neg. II, 1 אני כַפָּרָתָן my life be an expiatory sacrifice for them (an expression of love); Esth. R. to I, 11 א״ר איבו (אני) כ׳ של ישראל. Kidd.31b (one reporting an opinion of his deceased father must say) כך … הריני כַפָּרַת משכבו so said my lord my father, may I be an expiation for his rest. Yoma 40b כפרת דמים atonement through blood; כ׳ דברים atonement by confession; a. fr.Pl. כַּפָּרוֹת. Zeb.52a (expl. Lev. 16:20) שלמו כל הכ׳ with this are all the acts of expiation (of the Day of Atonement) finished. Y.Shebu.I, 33a מחלוקי כ׳ about the classes of atonements (v. חָלַק). Gen. R. s. 44 כל הכ׳ הראה לו he showed him all expiatory sacrifices; Lev. R. s. 3; a. fr. -
27 כַּפָּרָה
כַּפָּרָהf. (כָּפַר) atonement, expiation, expiatory service. Zeb.8a שתהא כ׳וכ׳ that the act of expiation (sprinkling) be performed with the understanding that the sacrifice is a sin-offering. Tosef. Yoma V (IV), 6, a. e. חלוקי כ׳ v. חָלַק.Neg. II, 1 אני כַפָּרָתָן my life be an expiatory sacrifice for them (an expression of love); Esth. R. to I, 11 א״ר איבו (אני) כ׳ של ישראל. Kidd.31b (one reporting an opinion of his deceased father must say) כך … הריני כַפָּרַת משכבו so said my lord my father, may I be an expiation for his rest. Yoma 40b כפרת דמים atonement through blood; כ׳ דברים atonement by confession; a. fr.Pl. כַּפָּרוֹת. Zeb.52a (expl. Lev. 16:20) שלמו כל הכ׳ with this are all the acts of expiation (of the Day of Atonement) finished. Y.Shebu.I, 33a מחלוקי כ׳ about the classes of atonements (v. חָלַק). Gen. R. s. 44 כל הכ׳ הראה לו he showed him all expiatory sacrifices; Lev. R. s. 3; a. fr. -
28 Hold
v. trans.Occupy: P. and V. ἔχειν, κατέχειν.Contain, keep in: P. and V. στέγειν.Have room for: P. and V. χωρεῖν (acc.) (Eur., Hipp. 941).The city can't hold him ( isn't big enough for him): P. ἡ πόλις αὐτὸν οὐ χωρεῖ (Dem. 579).Maintain, preserve: P. and V. φυλάσσειν, σώζειν.Stop, check: P. and V. κατέχειν, ἐπέχειν, Ar. and V. ἴσχειν (rare P.), V. ἐπίσχειν (rare P.), ἐρύκειν, ἐξερύκειν, ἐρητύειν.Grasp: P. and V. λαμβάνειν, λαμβάνεσθαι (gen.), ἐπιλαμβάνεσθαι (gen.), ἀντιλαμβάνεσθαι (gen.); see grasp.Hold fast: see cling to.Be held fast: V. προσέχεσθαι (pass.) (Eur., Med. 1213).Consider, deem: P. and V. νομίζειν, ἡγεῖσθαι, ἄγειν, V. νέμειν.Be held: P. and V. δοκεῖν.Hold a meeting: P. and V. σύλλογον ποιεῖν (or mid.).Hold an office: Ar. and P. ἄρχειν ἀρχήν, or ἄρχειν alone.V. intrans. Remain firm: P. and V. μένειν.All that they put upon their shoulders held there without fastenings: V. ὅποσα δʼ ἐπʼ ὤμοις ἔθεσαν οὐ δεσμῶν ὕπο προσείχετο (Eur., Bacch. 755).Maintain an opinion: P. and V. νομίζειν, ἡγεῖσθαι, οἴεσθαι, P. ἰσχυρίζεσθαι, διισχυρίζεσθαι.Hold good: P. and V. μένειν, ἐμμένειν.Hold back: see Restrain.Hold by, abide by: P. and V. ἐμμένειν (dat.).Hold down. — They held me down by the hair: V. κόμης κατεῖχον (Eur., Hec. 1166).Hold forth: see Offer.Make a speech: Ar. and P. δημηγορεῖν.Hold out, stretch forth: P. and V. προτείνειν (acc.), ἐκτείνειν (acc.), ὀρέγειν (Plat.).Hold out ( as a threat): P. ἀνατείνεσθαι.Hold out ( as an excuse): P. and V. σκήπτειν (mid. in P.), προβάλλειν (mid. also P.), προὔχεσθαι, προΐστασθαι (Eur., Cycl. 319.), V. προτείνειν, P. προφασίζεσθαι.Hold out, not to yield: P. and V. ἀντέχειν, καρτερεῖν, ὑφίστασθαι.Hold out against: P. and V. ἀντέχειν (dat.), ὑφίστασθαι (acc.), V. καρτερεῖν (acc.).Hold over: Ar. ὑπερέχειν (τί τινος).As threat: P. ἀνατείνεσθαί (τί τινι).For a little while the alliance held together: P. ὀλίγον μὲν χρόνον συνέμεινεν ἡ ὁμαιχμία (Thuc. 1, 18)Hold up ( as example): P. παράδειγμα ποιεῖσθαι (acc.).——————interj.Stop: P. and V. ἐπίσχες, παῦε, Ar. and P. ἔχε, V. ἴσχε, σχές, παῦσαι (all 2nd pers. sing. of the imperative).——————subs.Thing to hold by: P. ἀντιλαβή, ἡ.Get a hold or grip: P. ἀντιλαβὴν ἔχειν.Support: P. and V. ἔρεισμα, τό (Plat.).Woodhouse English-Greek dictionary. A vocabulary of the Attic language > Hold
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29 qualunque
anyuno qualunque any onequalunque cosa anythingqualunque cosa faccia whatever I doin qualunque stagione whatever the seasonl'uomo qualunque the man in the street* * *qualunque agg.indef.1 any: a qualunque prezzo, at any price; a qualunque costo, at any cost; venite un giorno qualunque della prossima settimana, come any day next week; telefonami a qualunque ora, in qualunque momento, phone me at any time; la partita si giocherà con qualunque tempo, the match will be played in any weather; farebbe qualunque sacrificio per i figli, he would make any sacrifice for his children; sa affrontare qualunque difficoltà, he can cope with any difficulty; prendimi qualunque giornale, un giornale qualunque, get me any newspaper // qualunque cosa, anything // qualunque persona, anybody, anyone // in qualunque modo, anyhow // uno qualunque, anyone: uno qualunque di noi, any of us; uno qualunque dei due fratelli, either of the two brothers (o either brother) // qualunque altro, any other: accetterei qualunque altro incarico tranne questo, I would accept any other job except this2 (con valore limitativo o spreg.) ordinary, common: un uomo qualunque, an ordinary man; non gli si può offrire un impiego qualunque, you can't (just) offer him any job; era una casa qualunque, come ce ne sono tante, it was an ordinary, run-of-the-mill kind of house; era un impiegato qualunque, he was a common clerk // l'uomo qualunque, the man in the street◆ agg.rel.indef. ( quale che sia) whatever; ( riferito a numero limitato) whichever: qualunque sia la ragione del suo comportamento, non posso che disapprovarlo, whatever the reason may be for his behaviour, I can't help but disapprove of it; da qualunque parte si voltasse, non vedeva che sabbia, whichever way he turned, all he saw was sand // qualunque cosa, whatever: qualunque cosa accada, non mi muoverò di qui, whatever happens, I won't move from here; qualunque cosa dica, non credetegli, whatever he says, don't believe him // qualunque persona, whoever: qualunque persona telefonasse, dille che sono occupato, whoever calls, tell them I'm busy // Usato talvolta anche al pl.: qualunque siano le sue proposte, non accettarle, don't accept his proposals, whatever they are◆ pron.rel.indef. (ant.) → chiunque.* * *[kwa'lunkwe]* * *qualunque/kwa'lunkwe/→ qualsiasi. -
30 βαπτίζω
βαπτίζω fut. βαπτίσω; 1 aor. ἐβάπτισα. Mid.: ἐβαπτισάμην. Pass.: impf. ἐβαπτιζόμην; fut. βαπτισθήσομαι; 1 aor. ἐβαπτίσθην; pf. ptc. βεβαπτισμένος (Hippocr., Pla., esp. Polyb.+; UPZ 70, 13 [152/151 B.C.]; PGM 5, 69; LXX; ApcSed 14:7 [p. 136, 8f Ja.]; Philo; Joseph.; SibOr 5, 478; Just.; Mel., Fgm. 8, 1 and 2 Goodsp.=8b, 4 and 14 P.—In Gk. lit. gener. to put or go under water in a variety of senses, also fig., e.g. ‘soak’ Pla., Symp. 176b in wine) in our lit. only in ritual or ceremonial sense (as Plut.; Herm. Wr. [s. 2a below]; PGM 4, 44; 7, 441 λουσάμενος κ. βαπτισάμενος; 4 Km 5:14; Sir 34:25; Jdth 12:7; cp. Iren. 1, 21, 3 [Harv. I 183, 83]).① wash ceremonially for purpose of purification, wash, purify, of a broad range of repeated ritual washing rooted in Israelite tradition (cp. Just., D. 46, 2) Mk 7:4; Lk 11:38; Ox 840, 15.—WBrandt, Jüd. Reinheitslehre u. ihre Beschreibg. in den Ev. 1910; ABüchler, The Law of Purification in Mk 7:1–23: ET 21, 1910, 34–40; JDöller, D. Reinheits-u. Speisegesetze d. ATs 1917; JJeremias, TZ 5, ’49, 418–28. See 1QS 5:8–23; 2:25–3:12; 4:20–22.② to use water in a rite for purpose of renewing or establishing a relationship w. God, plunge, dip, wash, baptize. The transliteration ‘baptize’ signifies the ceremonial character that NT narratives accord such cleansing, but the need of qualifying statements or contextual coloring in the documents indicates that the term β. was not nearly so technical as the transliteration suggests.ⓐ of dedicatory cleansing associated w. the ministry of John the Baptist (Orig., C. Cels. 1, 47, 4), abs. J 1:25, 28; 3:23a; 10:40; hence John is called ὁ βαπτίζων Mk 1:4; 6:14, 24 (Goodsp., Probs. 50–52).—Pass. Mt 3:16; ISm 1:1; oft. have oneself baptized, get baptized Mt 3:13f; Lk 3:7, 12, 21; 7:30; J 3:23b; GEb 18, 35f; IEph 18:2 al. (B-D-F §314; s. §317).—(ἐν) ὕδατι w. water Mk 1:8a; Lk 3:16a; Ac 1:5a; 11:16a; ἐν (τῷ) ὕδατι J 1:26, 31, 33; ἐν τῷ Ἰορδ. (4 Km 5:14) Mt 3:6; Mk 1:5; εἰς τὸν Ἰορδ. (cp. Plut., Mor. 166a βάπτισον σεαυτὸν εἰς θάλασσαν; Herm. Wr. 4, 4 βάπτισον σεαυτὸν εἰς τὸν κρατῆρα) Mk 1:9.—W. the external element and purpose given ἐν ὕδατι εἰς μετάνοιαν Mt 3:11a (AOliver, Is β. used w. ἐν and the Instrumental?: RevExp 35, ’38, 190–97).—βαπτίζεσθαι τὸ βάπτισμα Ἰωάννου undergo John’s baptism Lk 7:29. εἰς τί ἐβαπτίσθητε; Ac 19:3 means, as the answer shows, in reference to what (baptism) were you baptized? i.e. what kind of baptism did you receive (as the context indicates, John’s baptism was designed to implement repentance as a necessary stage for the reception of Jesus; with the arrival of Jesus the next stage was the receipt of the Holy Spirit in connection with apostolic baptism in the name of Jesus, who was no longer the ‘coming one’, but the arrived ‘Lord’)? β. βάπτισμα μετανοίας administer a repentance baptism vs. 4; GEb 13, 74.—S. the lit. on Ἰωάν(ν)ης 1, and on the baptism of Jesus by John: JBornemann, D. Taufe Christi durch Joh. 1896; HUsener, D. Weihnachtsfest2 1911; DVölter, D. Taufe Jesu durch Joh.: NThT 6, 1917, 53–76; WBundy, The Meaning of Jesus’ Baptism: JR 7, 1927, 56–75; MJacobus, Zur Taufe Jesu bei Mt 3:14, 15: NKZ 40, 1929, 44–53; SHirsch, Taufe, Versuchung u. Verklärung Jesu ’32; DPlooij, The Baptism of Jesus: RHarris Festschr. (Amicitiae Corolla), ed. HWood ’33, 239–52; JKosnetter, D. Taufe Jesu ’36; HRowley, TManson memorial vol., ed. Higgins ’59, 218–29 (Qumran); JSchneider, Der historische Jesus u. d. kerygmatische Christus ’61, 530–42; HKraft, TZ 17, ’61, 399–412 (Joel); FLentzen-Dies, D. Taufe Jesu nach den Synoptikern, ’70. More reff. s.v. περιστερά.ⓑ of cleansing performed by Jesus J 3:22, 26; 4:1; difft. 4:2 with disclaimer of baptismal activity by Jesus personally.ⓒ of the Christian sacrament of initiation after Jesus’ death (freq. pass.; s. above 2a; Iren. 3, 12, 9 [Harv. II 63, 3]) Mk 16:16; Ac 2:41; 8:12f, 36, 38; 9:18; 10:47; 16:15, 33; 18:8; 22:16; 1 Cor 1:14–17; D 7 (where baptism by pouring is allowed in cases of necessity); ISm 8:2.—β. τινὰ εἰς (τὸ) ὄνομά τινος (s. ὄνομα 1dγב) baptize in or w. respect to the name of someone: (τοῦ) κυρίου Ac 8:16; 19:5; D 9:5; Hv 3, 7, 3. Cp. 1 Cor 1:13, 15. εἰς τ. ὄν. τ. πατρὸς καὶ τ. υἱοῦ καὶ τ. ἁγίου πνεύματος Mt 28:19 (on the original form of the baptismal formula see FConybeare, ZNW 2, 1901, 275–88; ERiggenbach, BFCT VII/1, 1903; VIII/4, 1904; HHoltzmann, Ntl. Theologie2 I 1911, 449f; OMoe: RSeeberg Festschr. 1929, I 179–96; GOngaro, Biblica 19, ’38, 267–79; GBraumann, Vorpaulinische christl. Taufverkündigung bei Paulus ’62); D 7:1, 4. Likew. ἐν τῷ ὀν. Ἰ. Χριστοῦ Ac 2:38 v.l.; 10:48; ἐπὶ τῷ ὀν. Ἰ. Χρ. Ac 2:38 text; more briefly εἰς Χριστόν Gal 3:27; Ro 6:3a. To be baptized εἰς Χρ. is for Paul an involvement in Christ’s death and its implications for the believer εἰς τὸν θάνατον αὐτοῦ ἐβαπτίσθημεν vs. 3b (s. Ltzm. ad loc.; HSchlier, EvTh ’38, 335–47; GWagner, D. relgeschichtliche Problem von Rö 6:1–11, ’62, tr. Pauline Bapt. and the Pagan Mysteries, by JSmith, ’67; RSchnackenburg, Baptism in the Thought of St. Paul ’64, tr. of D. Heilsgeschehen b. d. Taufe nach dem Ap. Paulus ’50). The effect of baptism is to bring all those baptized εἰς ἓν σῶμα 1 Cor 12:13 (perh. wordplay: ‘plunged into one body’).—W. the purpose given εἰς ἄφεσιν τ. ἁμαρτιῶν Ac 2:38 (IScheftelowitz, D. Sündentilgung durch Wasser: ARW 17, 1914, 353–412).—Diod S 5, 49, 6: many believe that by being received into the mysteries by the rites (τελεταί) they become more devout, more just, and better in every way.—ὑπὲρ τ. νεκρῶν 1 Cor 15:29a, s. also vs. * 29b, is obscure because of our limited knowledge of a practice that was evidently obvious to the recipients of Paul’s letter; it has been interpr. (1) in place of the dead, i.e. vicariously; (2) for the benefit of the dead, in var. senses; (3) locally, over (the graves of) the dead; (4) on account of the dead, infl. by their good ex.; of these the last two are the least probable. See comm. and HPreisker, ZNW 23, 1924, 298–304; JZingerle, Heiliges Recht: JÖAI 23, 1926; Rtzst., Taufe 43f; AMarmorstein, ZNW 30, ’31, 277–85; AOliver, RevExp 34, ’37, 48–53; three articles: Kirchenblatt 98, ’42 and six: ET 54, ’43; 55, ’44; MRaeder, ZNW 46, ’56, 258–60; BFoschini, 5 articles: CBQ 12, ’50 and 13, ’51.—On the substitution of a ceremony by another person cp. Diod S 4, 24, 5: the boys who do not perform the customary sacrifices lose their voices and become as dead persons in the sacred precinct. When someone takes a vow to make the sacrifice for them, their trouble disappears at once.③ to cause someone to have an extraordinary experience akin to an initiatory water-rite, to plunge, baptize. Cp. ‘take the plunge’ and s. OED ‘Plunge’ II 5 esp. for the rendering of usage 3c, below.ⓐ typologically of Israel’s passage through the Red Sea εἰς τὸν Μωϋσῆν ἐβαπτίσαντο they got themselves plunged/ baptized for Moses, thereby affirming his leadership 1 Cor 10:2 v.l. (if the pass. ἐβαπτίσθησαν is to be read with N. the point remains the same; but the mid. form puts the onus, as indicated by the context, on the Israelites).ⓑ of the Holy Spirit (fire) β. τινὰ (ἐν) πνεύματι ἁγίῳ Mk 1:8 (v.l. + ἐν); J 1:33; Ac 1:5b; 11:16b; cp. 1 Cor 12:13 (cp. Just., D. 29, 1). ἐν πν. ἁγ. καὶ πυρί Mt 3:11b; Lk 3:16b (JDunn, NovT 14, ’72, 81–92). On the oxymoron of baptism w. fire: REisler, Orphischdionysische Mysterienged. in d. christl. Antike: Vortr. d. Bibl. Warburg II/2, 1925, 139ff; CEdsman, Le baptême de feu (ASNU 9) ’40. JATRobinson, The Baptism of John and Qumran, HTR 50, ’57, 175–91; cp. 1QS 4:20f.ⓒ of martyrdom (s. the fig. uses in UPZ 70, 13 [152/151 B.C.]; Diod S 1, 73, 6; Plut., Galba 1062 [21, 3] ὀφλήμασι βεβ. ‘overwhelmed by debts’; Chariton 2, 4, 4, βαπτιζόμενος ὑπὸ τ. ἐπιθυμίας; Vi. Aesopi I c. 21 p. 278, 4 λύπῃ βαπτιζόμενος; Achilles Tat. 3, 10, 1 πλήθει βαπτισθῆναι κακῶν; Herm. Wr. 4, 4 ἐβαπτίσαντο τοῦ νοός; Is 21:4; Jos., Bell. 4, 137 ἐβάπτισεν τ. πόλιν ‘he drowned the city in misery’) δύνασθε τὸ βάπτισμα ὸ̔ ἐγὼ βαπτίζομαι βαπτισθῆναι; Mk 10:38 (perh. the stark metaph. of impending personal disaster is to be rendered, ‘are you prepared to be drowned the way I’m going to be drowned?’); cp. vs. 39; Mt 20:22 v.l.; in striking contrast to fire Lk 12:50 (GDelling, Novum Testamentum 2, ’57, 92–115).—PAlthaus, Senior, D. Heilsbedeutung d. Taufe im NT 1897; WHeitmüller, Im Namen Jesu 1903, Taufe u. Abendmahl b. Paulus 1903, Taufe u. Abendmahl im Urchristentum 1911; FRendtorff, D. Taufe im Urchristentum 1905; HWindisch, Taufe u. Sünde im ältesten Christentum 1908; ASeeberg, D. Taufe im NT2 1913; AvStromberg, Studien zu Theorie u. Praxis der Taufe 1913; GottfrKittel, D. Wirkungen d. chr. Wassertaufe nach d. NT: StKr 87, 1914, 25ff; WKoch, D. Taufe im NT3 1921; JLeipoldt, D. urchr. Taufe im Lichte der Relgesch. 1928; RReitzenstein, D. Vorgesch. d. christl. Taufe 1929 (against him HSchaeder, Gnomon 5, 1929, 353–70, answered by Rtzst., ARW 27, 1929, 241–77); FDölger, Ac I 1929, II 1930; HvSoden, Sakrament u. Ethik bei Pls: ROtto Festschr., Marburger Theologische Studien ’31, no. 1, 1–40; MEnslin, Crozer Quarterly 8, ’31, 47–67; BBacon, ATR 13, ’31, 155–74; CBowen: RHutcheon, Studies in NT, ’36, 30–48; GBornkamm, ThBl 17, ’38, 42–52; 18, ’39, 233–42; HSchlier, EvTh ’38, 335–47 ( Ro 6); EBruston, La notion bibl. du baptême: ÉTLR ’38, 67–93; 135–50; HMarsh, The Origin and Signif. of the NT Baptism ’41; KBarth, D. kirchl. Lehre v. d. Taufe2 ’43 (Eng. tr., The Teaching of the Church Regarding Baptism, EPayne ’48); FGrant, ATR 27, ’45, 253–63; HSchlier, D. kirchl. Lehre v. d. Taufe: TLZ 72, ’47, 321–26; OCullmann, Baptism in the NT (tr. JReid) ’50; MBarth, D. Taufe ein Sakrament? ’51; RBultmann, Theology of the NT, tr. KGrobel ’51, I 133–44; JSchneider, D. Taufe im NT ’52; DStanley, TS 18, ’57, 169–215; EFascher, Taufe: Pauly-W. 2. Reihe IV 2501–18 (’32); AOepke, TW I ’33, 527–44; GBeasley-Murray, Baptism in the NT ’62; MQuesnel, Baptisés dans l’Esprit ’85 (Acts); DDaube, The NT and Rabbinic Judaism ’56, 106–40; NMcEleney, Conversion, Circumstance and the Law: NTS 20, ’74, 319–41; HBraun, Qumran u. d. NT II ’66, 1–29; OBetz, D. Proselytentaufe der Qumransekte u. d. NT: RevQ 1, ’58, 213–34; JYsebaert, Gk. Baptismal Terminology, ’62. S. τέκνον 1aα.—B. 1482. DELG s.v. βάπτω. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
31 סתר II
סָתַרII (= סחתד, Saf. of תתר; cmp. Arab. šatar) ( to dig under, 1) to upset, tear down. Meg.31b אם אמרו לך זקנים סְתוֹרוכ׳ if the old tell thee, tear down, and the young, build, tear down and build not, v. סְתִירָה II; Ned.40a. Sabb.VII, 2 הבונה והסוֹתֵר he who builds (on the Sabbath) or who tears down. Yoma 10a שיפלו בונין ביד סוֹתְרִין that the builders (of the Temple, the Persians) should fall through the hands of the destroyers (the Romans), v. סָתוֹרָא. Ab. dR. N. ch. VI סְתָרוֹ ועקרווכ׳ he dug under it (the rock) and broke it loose Koh. R. to VII, 26 כותל קשה … וסוֹתְרוֹ a wall is strong, but man has more power and tears it down; a. fr. 2) ( to stir up, to loosen, unravel. Sot.I, 5 סותר את שערה the priest loosens her hair (Num. 5:18 ופרע); אם … לא היה סוֹתְרוֹ if her hair was beautiful, he did not loosen it. Treat. Smaḥ. ch. VIII סוֹתְרִים שערותוכ׳ you may untie the hair of dead brides; a. e. 3) to dissolve, decompose. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥǎnina 1) (ref. to Prov. 25:20) כזה … וסוֹתְרוֹ כך היו סוֹתְרִיםוכ׳ as one pours vinegar on natron and decomposes it, so they decomposed (counteracted) the words of the Law; v. infra. 4) to undo, reverse, invalidate. Snh.III, 8 כל זמן … סותר את הדין whenever he offers new evidence, he reverses the decision, i. e. the court has to try his case again; לאחר שלשים יום אינו שותר after thirty days, the judgment cannot be disturbed.Esp. to make void the days of a Nazarites vow which have been observed, to begin anew. Naz.II, 10 סותר שבעים he must count seventy days again. Ib. III, 3 ס׳ את הכל he must count over the whole period (of days); אינו ס׳ אלא שבעה he has to count only seven days over. Tosef. ib. II, 13 יש לו לִסְתּוֹר סותרוכ׳ if there is a portion of the period left to undo, i. e., if the period of his vow has not yet expired, he must count thirty days again; כל … ואין לו לסתור סותרוכ׳ whenever he becomes unclean on a day on which it is improper to offer a sacrifice, and he has nothing left to undo, i. e. his term has expired, and he lacks only a sacrifice to be released: he must count seven days; a. fr.5 (logics) to contradict, disprove. Succ.26b, a. fr. מעשה לסתור, v. מַעֲשֶׂה. Sabb.13b שאלמלא … שהיו דבריו סוֹתְרִיןוכ׳ but for him, the Book of Ezekiel would have been expunged from the canon, because its words seemed to contradict the words of the Law. Ib. 30a לא דייך שדבריך סותריןוכ׳ not only do thy words contradict those of David, but they contradict one another; a. fr.Num. R. s. 13 לא אחד מהן סותר על חבירו neither of them conflicts with the other.(Yalk. Ex. 356 שלא יסתרו, v. סָרַס I Hithpa.) Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּר to be disarranged, be undone. Y.Kil.IX, end, 32d; Y.Sabb.XIII, beg.14a מִיסְתַּתֵּר הוא the web will go apart again, opp. מתקיים. -
32 סָתַר
סָתַרII (= סחתד, Saf. of תתר; cmp. Arab. šatar) ( to dig under, 1) to upset, tear down. Meg.31b אם אמרו לך זקנים סְתוֹרוכ׳ if the old tell thee, tear down, and the young, build, tear down and build not, v. סְתִירָה II; Ned.40a. Sabb.VII, 2 הבונה והסוֹתֵר he who builds (on the Sabbath) or who tears down. Yoma 10a שיפלו בונין ביד סוֹתְרִין that the builders (of the Temple, the Persians) should fall through the hands of the destroyers (the Romans), v. סָתוֹרָא. Ab. dR. N. ch. VI סְתָרוֹ ועקרווכ׳ he dug under it (the rock) and broke it loose Koh. R. to VII, 26 כותל קשה … וסוֹתְרוֹ a wall is strong, but man has more power and tears it down; a. fr. 2) ( to stir up, to loosen, unravel. Sot.I, 5 סותר את שערה the priest loosens her hair (Num. 5:18 ופרע); אם … לא היה סוֹתְרוֹ if her hair was beautiful, he did not loosen it. Treat. Smaḥ. ch. VIII סוֹתְרִים שערותוכ׳ you may untie the hair of dead brides; a. e. 3) to dissolve, decompose. Lam. R. introd. (R. Ḥǎnina 1) (ref. to Prov. 25:20) כזה … וסוֹתְרוֹ כך היו סוֹתְרִיםוכ׳ as one pours vinegar on natron and decomposes it, so they decomposed (counteracted) the words of the Law; v. infra. 4) to undo, reverse, invalidate. Snh.III, 8 כל זמן … סותר את הדין whenever he offers new evidence, he reverses the decision, i. e. the court has to try his case again; לאחר שלשים יום אינו שותר after thirty days, the judgment cannot be disturbed.Esp. to make void the days of a Nazarites vow which have been observed, to begin anew. Naz.II, 10 סותר שבעים he must count seventy days again. Ib. III, 3 ס׳ את הכל he must count over the whole period (of days); אינו ס׳ אלא שבעה he has to count only seven days over. Tosef. ib. II, 13 יש לו לִסְתּוֹר סותרוכ׳ if there is a portion of the period left to undo, i. e., if the period of his vow has not yet expired, he must count thirty days again; כל … ואין לו לסתור סותרוכ׳ whenever he becomes unclean on a day on which it is improper to offer a sacrifice, and he has nothing left to undo, i. e. his term has expired, and he lacks only a sacrifice to be released: he must count seven days; a. fr.5 (logics) to contradict, disprove. Succ.26b, a. fr. מעשה לסתור, v. מַעֲשֶׂה. Sabb.13b שאלמלא … שהיו דבריו סוֹתְרִיןוכ׳ but for him, the Book of Ezekiel would have been expunged from the canon, because its words seemed to contradict the words of the Law. Ib. 30a לא דייך שדבריך סותריןוכ׳ not only do thy words contradict those of David, but they contradict one another; a. fr.Num. R. s. 13 לא אחד מהן סותר על חבירו neither of them conflicts with the other.(Yalk. Ex. 356 שלא יסתרו, v. סָרַס I Hithpa.) Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּר to be disarranged, be undone. Y.Kil.IX, end, 32d; Y.Sabb.XIII, beg.14a מִיסְתַּתֵּר הוא the web will go apart again, opp. מתקיים. -
33 ἁμαρτία
ἁμαρτία, ίας, ἡ (w. mngs. ranging fr. involuntary mistake/ error to serious offenses against a deity: Aeschyl., Antiphon, Democr.+; ins fr. Cyzicus JHS 27, 1907, p. 63 [III B.C.] ἁμαρτίαν μετανόει; PLips 119 recto, 3; POxy 1119, 11; LXX; En, TestSol, TestAbr, TestJob, Test12Patr; JosAs 12:14; ParJer, ApcEsdr, ApcSed, ApcMos; EpArist 192; Philo; Jos., Ant. 13, 69 al.; Ar. [Milne 76, 42]; Just., A I, 61, 6; 10; 66, 1, D. 13, 1 al.; Tat. 14, 1f; 20, 1; Mel., P. 50, 359; 55, 400; s. ClR 24, 1910, 88; 234; 25, 1911, 195–97).① a departure fr. either human or divine standards of uprightnessⓐ sin (w. context ordinarily suggesting the level of heinousness), the action itself (ἁμάρτησις s. prec.), as well as its result (ἁμάρτημα), πᾶσα ἀδικία ἁ. ἐστίν 1J 5:17 (cp. Eur., Or. 649; Gen 50:17). ἁ. w. ἀνομήματα Hv 1, 3, 1; descr. as ἀνομία (cp. Ps 58:3; TestJob 43:17) 1J 3:4; but one who loves is far from sin Pol 3:3, cp. Js 5:20; 1 Pt 4:8, 1 Cl 49:5; Agr 13. ἀναπληρῶσαι τὰς ἁ. fill up the measure of sins (Gen 15:16) 1 Th 2:16. κοινωνεῖν ἁ. ἀλλοτρίαις 1 Ti 5:22. ποιεῖν ἁ. commit a sin (Tob 12:10; 14:7S; Dt 9:21) 2 Cor 11:7; 1 Pt 2:22; Js 5:15; 1J 3:4, 8. For this ἁμαρτάνειν ἁ. (Ex 32:30; La 1:8) 1J 5:16; ἐργάζεσθαι ἁ. Js 2:9; Hm 4, 1, 2 (LXX oft. ἐργάζ. ἀδικίαν or ἀνομίαν). μεγάλην ἁ. ἐργάζεσθαι commit a great sin m 4, 1, 1; 8:2. Pl. (cp. Pla., Ep. 7, 335a τὰ μεγάλα ἁμαρτήματα κ. ἀδικήματα) Hs 7:2. ἐπιφέρειν ἁ. τινί Hv 1, 2, 4. ἑαυτῷ ἁ. ἐπιφέρειν bring sin upon oneself m 11:4; for this ἁ. ἐπισπᾶσθαί τινι m 4, 1, 8 (cp. Is 5:18). προστιθέναι ταῖς ἁ. add to one’s sins (cp. προσέθηκεν ἁμαρτίας ἐφʼ ἁμαρτίας PsSol 3:10) Hv 5:7; m 4, 3, 7; Hs 6, 2, 3; 8, 11, 3; φέρειν ἁ. 1 Cl 16:4 (Is 53:4). ἀναφέρειν vs. 14 (Is 53:12). γέμειν ἁμαρτιῶν B 11:11. εἶναι ἐν ταῖς ἁμαρτίαις 1 Cor 15:17 (cp. Alex. Aphr., Eth. Probl. 9 II 2 p. 129, 13 ἐν ἁμαρτήμασιν εἶναι).—Sin viewed from the perspective of God’s or Christ’s response: ἀφιέναι τὰς ἁ. let go = forgive sins (Lev 4:20 al.) Mt 9:2, 5f; Mk 2:5, 7, 9f; Lk 5:20ff; Hv 2, 2, 4; 1 Cl 50:5; 53:5 (Ex 32:32) al. (ἀφίημι 2); hence ἄφεσις (τῶν) ἁμαρτιῶν (Iren. 1, 21, 2 [Harv. I 182, 4]) forgiveness of sins Mt 26:28; Mk 1:4; Lk 1:77; 3:3; 24:47; Ac 2:38; 5:31; 10:43; 13:38; Hm 4, 3, 2; B 5:1; 6:11; 8:3; 11:1; 16:8. διδόναι ἄφεσιν ἁ. AcPl Ha 2, 30; λαβεῖν ἄφεσιν ἁ. receive forgiveness of sins Ac 26:18 (Just., D. 54 al); καθαρίζειν τὰς ἁ. cleanse the sins (thought of as a stain) Hs 5, 6, 3; καθαρίζειν ἀπὸ ἁ. 1 Cl 18:3 (Ps 50:4; cp. Sir 23:10; PsSol 10:1); also καθαρισμὸν ποιεῖσθαι τῶν ἁ. Hb 1:3; ἀπολούεσθαι τὰς ἁ. Ac 22:16 ([w. βαπτίζειν] Just., D. 13, 1 al.). λύτρον ἁ. ransom for sins B 19:10.—αἴρειν J 1:29; περιελεῖν ἁ. Hb 10:11; ἀφαιρεῖν (Ex 34:9; Is 27; 9) vs. 4; Hs 9, 28, 3; ῥυσθῆναι ἀπὸ ἁ. 1 Cl 60:3; ἀπὸ τῶν ἁ. ἀποσπασθῆναι AcPlCor 2:9. Sin as a burden αἱ ἁ. κατεβάρησαν Hs 9, 28, 6; as a disease ἰᾶσθαι Hs 9, 28, 5 (cp. Dt 30:3); s. also the verbs in question.—Looked upon as an entry in a ledger; hence ἐξαλείφεται ἡ ἁ. wiped away, cancelled (Ps 108:14; Jer 18:23; Is 43:25) Ac 3:19.—Opp. στῆσαι τὴν ἁ. 7:60; λογίζεσθαι ἁ. take account of sin (as a debt; cp. the commercial metaphor Ro 4:6 and s. FDanker, Gingrich Festschr. 104, n. 2) Ro 4:8 (Ps 31:2); 1 Cl 60:2 (Just., D. 141, 3). Pass. ἁ. οὐκ ἐλλογεῖται is not entered in the account Ro 5:13 (GFriedrich, TLZ 77, ’52, 523–28). Of sinners ὀφειλέτης ἁ. Pol 6:1 (cp. SIG 1042, 14–16 [II A.D.] ὸ̔ς ἂν δὲ πολυπραγμονήσῃ τὰ τοῦ θεοῦ ἢ περιεργάσηται, ἁμαρτίαν ὀφιλέτω Μηνὶ Τυράννωι, ἣν οὐ μὴ δύνηται ἐξειλάσασθαι).—γινώσκειν ἁ. (cp. Num 32:23) Ro 7:7; Hm 4, 1, 5. ἐπίγνωσις ἁμαρτίας Ro 3:20; ὁμολογεῖν τὰς ἁ. 1J 1:9; ἐξομολογεῖσθε ἐπὶ ταῖς ἁ. B 19:12; ἐξομολογεῖσθαι τὰς ἁ. Mt 3:6; Mk 1:5; Hv 3, 1, 5f; Hs 9, 23, 4; ἐξομολογεῖσθε ἀλλήλοις τὰς ἁ. confess your sins to each other Js 5:16.—ἐλέγχειν τινὰ περὶ ἁ. convict someone of sin J 8:46; cp. ἵνα σου τὰς ἁ. ἐλέγξω πρὸς τὸν κύριον that I might reveal your sins before the Lord Hv 1, 1, 5.—σεσωρευμένος ἁμαρτίαις loaded down w. sins 2 Ti 3:6; cp. ἐπισωρεύειν ταῖς ἁ. B 4:6; ἔνοχος τῆς ἁ. involved in the sin Hm 2:2; 4, 1, 5. μέτοχος τῆς ἁ. m 4, 1, 9.—In Hb sin is atoned for (ἱλάσκεσθαι τὰς ἁ. 2:17) by sacrifices θυσίαι ὑπὲρ ἁ. 5:1 (cp. 1 Cl 41:2). προσφορὰ περὶ ἁ. sin-offering 10:18; also simply περὶ ἁ. (Lev 5:11; 7:37) vss. 6, 8 (both Ps 39:7; cp. 1 Pt 3:18); προσφέρειν περὶ ἁ. bring a sin-offering Hb 5:3; cp. 10:12; 13:11. Christ has made the perfect sacrifice for sin 9:23ff; συνείδησις ἁ. consciousness of sin 10:2; ἀνάμνησις ἁ. a reminder of sins of the feast of atonement vs. 3.ⓑ special sins (ἁ. τῆς ἀποστασίας Iren. 5, 26, 2 [Harv. II 397, 4]): πρὸς θάνατον that leads to death 1J 5:16b (ἁμαρτάνω e); opp. οὐ πρὸς θάνατον vs. 17. μεγάλη ἁ. a great sin Hv 1, 1, 8 al. (Gen 20:9; Ex 32:30 al.; cp. Schol. on Pla., Tht. 189d ἁμαρτήματα μεγάλα). μείζων ἁ. m 11:4; ἥττων 1 Cl 47:4. μεγάλη κ. ἀνίατος Hm 5, 2, 4; τέλειαι ἁ. Hv 1, 2, 1; B 8:1, cp. τὸ τέλειον τῶν ἁ. 5:11 (Philo, Mos. 1, 96 κατὰ τῶν τέλεια ἡμαρτηκότων); ἡ προτέρα ἁ. (Arrian, Anab. 7, 23, 8 εἴ τι πρότερον ἡμάρτηκας) sin committed before baptism Hm 4, 1, 11; 4, 3, 3; Hs 8, 11, 3; cp. v 2, 1, 2.② a state of being sinful, sinfulness, a prominent feature in Johannine thought, and opposed to ἀλήθεια; hence ἁ. ἔχειν J 9:41; 15:24; 1J 1:8. μείζονα ἁ. ἔχειν J 19:11; ἁ. μένει 9:41. γεννᾶσθαι ἐν ἁμαρτίαις be born in sin 9:34 (ἐν ἁμαρτίᾳ v.l).; opp. ἐν ἁ. ἀποθανεῖν die in sin 8:21, 24; AcPl Ha 1, 16. ἁ. ἐν αὐτῷ οὐκ ἔστιν 1J 3:5.③ a destructive evil power, sinⓐ Paul thinks of sin almost in pers. terms (cp. Sir 27:10; Mel., P. 50, 359; PGM 4, 1448 w. other divinities of the nether world, also Ἁμαρτίαι χθόνιαι; Dibelius, Geisterwelt 119ff) as a ruling power that invades the world. Sin came into the world Ro 5:12 (JFreundorfer, Erbsünde u. Erbtod b. Ap. Pls 1927; ELohmeyer, ZNW 29, 1930, 1–59; JSchnitzer, D. Erbsünde im Lichte d. Religionsgesch. ’31; ROtto, Sünde u. Urschuld ’32; FDanker, Ro 5:12: Sin under Law: NTS 14, ’67/68, 424–39), reigns there vs. 21; 6:14; everything was subject to it Gal 3:22; people serve it Ro 6:6; are its slaves vss. 17, 20; are sold into its service 7:14 or set free from it 6:22; it has its law 7:23; 8:2; it revives (ἀνέζησεν) Ro 7:9 or is dead vs. 8; it pays its wages, viz., death 6:23, cp. 5:12 (see lit. s.v. ἐπί 6c). As a pers. principle it dwells in humans Ro 7:17, 20, viz., in the flesh (s. σάρξ 2cα) 8:3; cp. vs. 2; 7:25. The earthly body is hence a σῶμα τῆς ἁ. 6:6 (Col 2:11 v.l.).—As abstr. for concr. τὸν μὴ γνόντα ἁ. ὑπέρ ἡμῶν ἁμαρτίαν ἐποίησεν (God) made him, who never sinned, to be sin (i.e. the guilty one) for our sakes 2 Cor 5:21.ⓑ In Hb (as in OT) sin appears as the power that deceives humanity and leads it to destruction, whose influence and activity can be ended only by sacrifices (s. 1a end): ἀπάτη τῆς ἁ. Hb 3:13.—On the whole word s. ἁμαρτάνω, end. GMoore, Judaism I 445–52; ABüchler, Studies in Sin and Atonement in the Rabb. Lit. of the I Cent. 1928; WKnuth, D. Begriff der Sünde b. Philon v. Alex., diss. Jena ’34; EThomas, The Problem of Sin in the NT 1927; Dodd 76–81; DDaube, Sin, Ignorance and Forgiveness in the Bible, ’61; AGelin and ADescamps, Sin in the Bible, ’65.—On the special question ‘The Christian and Sin’ see PWernle 1897; HWindisch 1908; EHedström 1911; RBultmann, ZNW 23, 1924, 123–40; Windisch, ibid. 265–81; RSchulz, D. Frage nach der Selbsttätigkt. d. Menschen im sittl. Leben b. Pls., diss. Hdlb. ’40.—JAddison, ATR 33, ’51, 137–48; KKuhn, πειρασμός ἁμαρτία σάρξ im NT: ZTK 49, ’52, 200–222; JBremer, Hamartia ’69 (Gk. views).—B. 1182. EDNT. DELG s.v. ἁμαρτάνω. M-M. TW. -
34 משך I
מְשַׁךְI ch. sam( Hif. הִמְשִׁיךְ to cause to extend), 1) to draw, carry along. Targ. Y. Gen. 9:20 דמושכיה נהראוכ׳ (read: דמַשְׁכֵּיה) which the river had carried along from Zeb.53b, a. e. מַשְׁכוּ גברי לגברא the many brought the single man over (to their opinion). 2) to attract. Ab. Zar.27b שאני מינות דמָשְׁכָא it is different with heresy, because it attracts (persuades, offers inducements). 3) (neut. verb) מְשךְ, מְשִׁיךְ to run in a continuous line; to be prolonged, continued. Targ. Y. Num. 21:35; Ber.54b מַשְׁכֵי שיניה his teeth were prolonged. Hor.12a כי היכי דמַשְׁכוּ מיא מַשְׁכָןוכ׳ as the water runs continually, so may the traditions which you teach be continued. Ib. אי משיך נהוריה (Rashi משיך) if the light continues to burn; Ker.5b.(Ib. משכו שתא, read: מסיק.Pes.8a משיך נהוריה the light (of a lamp or a candle) burns steadily, opp. מיקטף איקטופי. Ab. Zar.2b משכי במלכותייהו they will continue their rulership; Yalk. Is. 316 משכה מלכותייהו; a. e. 4) to take possession. B. Mets.48a עד דמָשֵׁיךְ until he takes possession; עד דמשך until he has taken Ib. 49a מַשְׁכֵיה he has taken possession of it; a. fr.Meg.31a משך תורא ‘take possession of the ox (mnemotechnical words to designate the order of Scriptural readings oh the Passover days, ref. to משכו, Ex. 12:21; שור, Lev. 22:26). Ithpe. אִימְּשִׁיךְ 1) to be attracted, carried away, seduced. Ab. Zar. l. c. דאתי למִמְּשַׁךְ בתרייחו he may be induced to follow them (the heretics). Snh.70a משום אִימְּשוּכֵי הוא it is in order to prevent being carriad away (led to intemperance); לא מִימְּשִׁיךְ he will not he carried away (it has no attraction for him); Yalk. Deut. 929. Sabb.147b אי׳ בתרייהו he was drawn after them, he indulged in the luxuries of the place; a. fr. 2) (v. preced. Nif.) to withdraw. Pes.78b אי מִמְשְׁכֵי הניוכ׳ if these should withdraw (from their participation in the Passover sacrifice), it would remain fit for the others. -
35 מְשַׁךְ
מְשַׁךְI ch. sam( Hif. הִמְשִׁיךְ to cause to extend), 1) to draw, carry along. Targ. Y. Gen. 9:20 דמושכיה נהראוכ׳ (read: דמַשְׁכֵּיה) which the river had carried along from Zeb.53b, a. e. מַשְׁכוּ גברי לגברא the many brought the single man over (to their opinion). 2) to attract. Ab. Zar.27b שאני מינות דמָשְׁכָא it is different with heresy, because it attracts (persuades, offers inducements). 3) (neut. verb) מְשךְ, מְשִׁיךְ to run in a continuous line; to be prolonged, continued. Targ. Y. Num. 21:35; Ber.54b מַשְׁכֵי שיניה his teeth were prolonged. Hor.12a כי היכי דמַשְׁכוּ מיא מַשְׁכָןוכ׳ as the water runs continually, so may the traditions which you teach be continued. Ib. אי משיך נהוריה (Rashi משיך) if the light continues to burn; Ker.5b.(Ib. משכו שתא, read: מסיק.Pes.8a משיך נהוריה the light (of a lamp or a candle) burns steadily, opp. מיקטף איקטופי. Ab. Zar.2b משכי במלכותייהו they will continue their rulership; Yalk. Is. 316 משכה מלכותייהו; a. e. 4) to take possession. B. Mets.48a עד דמָשֵׁיךְ until he takes possession; עד דמשך until he has taken Ib. 49a מַשְׁכֵיה he has taken possession of it; a. fr.Meg.31a משך תורא ‘take possession of the ox (mnemotechnical words to designate the order of Scriptural readings oh the Passover days, ref. to משכו, Ex. 12:21; שור, Lev. 22:26). Ithpe. אִימְּשִׁיךְ 1) to be attracted, carried away, seduced. Ab. Zar. l. c. דאתי למִמְּשַׁךְ בתרייחו he may be induced to follow them (the heretics). Snh.70a משום אִימְּשוּכֵי הוא it is in order to prevent being carriad away (led to intemperance); לא מִימְּשִׁיךְ he will not he carried away (it has no attraction for him); Yalk. Deut. 929. Sabb.147b אי׳ בתרייהו he was drawn after them, he indulged in the luxuries of the place; a. fr. 2) (v. preced. Nif.) to withdraw. Pes.78b אי מִמְשְׁכֵי הניוכ׳ if these should withdraw (from their participation in the Passover sacrifice), it would remain fit for the others. -
36 שייר
שְׁיָיר, שְׁיָרm. (preced.) remnant, relic, survival. Num. R. s. 1932> (ref. to Deut. 3:11) וכאן עושה אותו ש׳ (ed. Wil. a. oth. שירים) and here he is represented as a survival.Pl. שְׁיָירִים, שְׁיָרִים; du. שִׁירַיִים, שִׁירַיִם. Men.II, 1 הקומץ … שְׁיָרֶיהָוכ׳ if a priest takes a handful of the meal-offering with the intention of eating its remnants … the next day. Ruth R. to I, 5 (ref. to ותשאר, ib.) נעשית שְׁיָרֵי שירים she became like the remnants of remnants (of the meal-offering); Yalk. ib. 600 נעשית שירים. Erub.II, 5, a. e. שבעים אמה וש׳ seventy cubits and a balance (less than eighty); Y. ib. II, 20b שריים (corr. acc.). Zeb.52a שירי חטאת the remaining blood of the sin offering after sprinkling (Lev. 4:34, a. e.). Ib. ש׳ אין מעכבים the pouring out of the remaining blood at the bottom of the altar is not indispensable for the efficacy of the sacrifice (v. עָכַב); Meïl. 9a ש׳ מעכבים it is indispensable; a. fr.Men.IX, 8 סמיכה שירי מצוה the laying of hands on the victim is the last of the commendable acts, i. e. is not indispensable. Ib. 93b אם עשאה לסמיכה ש׳ מצוה if he treated the laying on of hands as dispensable (omitted it); Sifra Vayikra, Ndabah, Par. 3, ch. IV; Neg. XIV, 10; a. e.Meg.15b (ref. to לשאר, Is. 28:5) למי שמשים עצמו כש׳ for him that considers himself like leavings (is modest); R. Hash. 16b sq. (ref. to לשארית, Mic. 7:18).שְׁיָירוֹת, Num. R. s. 1921> ed. Wil., v. שִׁיּוּר. -
37 שיר
שְׁיָיר, שְׁיָרm. (preced.) remnant, relic, survival. Num. R. s. 1932> (ref. to Deut. 3:11) וכאן עושה אותו ש׳ (ed. Wil. a. oth. שירים) and here he is represented as a survival.Pl. שְׁיָירִים, שְׁיָרִים; du. שִׁירַיִים, שִׁירַיִם. Men.II, 1 הקומץ … שְׁיָרֶיהָוכ׳ if a priest takes a handful of the meal-offering with the intention of eating its remnants … the next day. Ruth R. to I, 5 (ref. to ותשאר, ib.) נעשית שְׁיָרֵי שירים she became like the remnants of remnants (of the meal-offering); Yalk. ib. 600 נעשית שירים. Erub.II, 5, a. e. שבעים אמה וש׳ seventy cubits and a balance (less than eighty); Y. ib. II, 20b שריים (corr. acc.). Zeb.52a שירי חטאת the remaining blood of the sin offering after sprinkling (Lev. 4:34, a. e.). Ib. ש׳ אין מעכבים the pouring out of the remaining blood at the bottom of the altar is not indispensable for the efficacy of the sacrifice (v. עָכַב); Meïl. 9a ש׳ מעכבים it is indispensable; a. fr.Men.IX, 8 סמיכה שירי מצוה the laying of hands on the victim is the last of the commendable acts, i. e. is not indispensable. Ib. 93b אם עשאה לסמיכה ש׳ מצוה if he treated the laying on of hands as dispensable (omitted it); Sifra Vayikra, Ndabah, Par. 3, ch. IV; Neg. XIV, 10; a. e.Meg.15b (ref. to לשאר, Is. 28:5) למי שמשים עצמו כש׳ for him that considers himself like leavings (is modest); R. Hash. 16b sq. (ref. to לשארית, Mic. 7:18).שְׁיָירוֹת, Num. R. s. 1921> ed. Wil., v. שִׁיּוּר. -
38 שְׁיָיר
שְׁיָיר, שְׁיָרm. (preced.) remnant, relic, survival. Num. R. s. 1932> (ref. to Deut. 3:11) וכאן עושה אותו ש׳ (ed. Wil. a. oth. שירים) and here he is represented as a survival.Pl. שְׁיָירִים, שְׁיָרִים; du. שִׁירַיִים, שִׁירַיִם. Men.II, 1 הקומץ … שְׁיָרֶיהָוכ׳ if a priest takes a handful of the meal-offering with the intention of eating its remnants … the next day. Ruth R. to I, 5 (ref. to ותשאר, ib.) נעשית שְׁיָרֵי שירים she became like the remnants of remnants (of the meal-offering); Yalk. ib. 600 נעשית שירים. Erub.II, 5, a. e. שבעים אמה וש׳ seventy cubits and a balance (less than eighty); Y. ib. II, 20b שריים (corr. acc.). Zeb.52a שירי חטאת the remaining blood of the sin offering after sprinkling (Lev. 4:34, a. e.). Ib. ש׳ אין מעכבים the pouring out of the remaining blood at the bottom of the altar is not indispensable for the efficacy of the sacrifice (v. עָכַב); Meïl. 9a ש׳ מעכבים it is indispensable; a. fr.Men.IX, 8 סמיכה שירי מצוה the laying of hands on the victim is the last of the commendable acts, i. e. is not indispensable. Ib. 93b אם עשאה לסמיכה ש׳ מצוה if he treated the laying on of hands as dispensable (omitted it); Sifra Vayikra, Ndabah, Par. 3, ch. IV; Neg. XIV, 10; a. e.Meg.15b (ref. to לשאר, Is. 28:5) למי שמשים עצמו כש׳ for him that considers himself like leavings (is modest); R. Hash. 16b sq. (ref. to לשארית, Mic. 7:18).שְׁיָירוֹת, Num. R. s. 1921> ed. Wil., v. שִׁיּוּר. -
39 שְׁיָר
שְׁיָיר, שְׁיָרm. (preced.) remnant, relic, survival. Num. R. s. 1932> (ref. to Deut. 3:11) וכאן עושה אותו ש׳ (ed. Wil. a. oth. שירים) and here he is represented as a survival.Pl. שְׁיָירִים, שְׁיָרִים; du. שִׁירַיִים, שִׁירַיִם. Men.II, 1 הקומץ … שְׁיָרֶיהָוכ׳ if a priest takes a handful of the meal-offering with the intention of eating its remnants … the next day. Ruth R. to I, 5 (ref. to ותשאר, ib.) נעשית שְׁיָרֵי שירים she became like the remnants of remnants (of the meal-offering); Yalk. ib. 600 נעשית שירים. Erub.II, 5, a. e. שבעים אמה וש׳ seventy cubits and a balance (less than eighty); Y. ib. II, 20b שריים (corr. acc.). Zeb.52a שירי חטאת the remaining blood of the sin offering after sprinkling (Lev. 4:34, a. e.). Ib. ש׳ אין מעכבים the pouring out of the remaining blood at the bottom of the altar is not indispensable for the efficacy of the sacrifice (v. עָכַב); Meïl. 9a ש׳ מעכבים it is indispensable; a. fr.Men.IX, 8 סמיכה שירי מצוה the laying of hands on the victim is the last of the commendable acts, i. e. is not indispensable. Ib. 93b אם עשאה לסמיכה ש׳ מצוה if he treated the laying on of hands as dispensable (omitted it); Sifra Vayikra, Ndabah, Par. 3, ch. IV; Neg. XIV, 10; a. e.Meg.15b (ref. to לשאר, Is. 28:5) למי שמשים עצמו כש׳ for him that considers himself like leavings (is modest); R. Hash. 16b sq. (ref. to לשארית, Mic. 7:18).שְׁיָירוֹת, Num. R. s. 1921> ed. Wil., v. שִׁיּוּר. -
40 प्राजापत्य _prājāpatya
प्राजापत्य a. [प्रजापतिर्देवता$स्य यक्]1 Sacred to Prajāpati; सर्वदैवत्यं प्रीक्षितं प्राजापत्यमालभन्त Bṛi. Up.1.2.7; Mb. 12.6.44.-2 Born of Prajāpati (Brahmā); जहुः परि- ग्रहव्रीडां प्राजापत्यास्तपस्विनः Ku.6.34.-3 Belonging to Prajāpati; प्राजापत्योपनीतं तदन्नं प्रत्यग्रहीन्नृपः R.1.52.-त्यः 1 One of the eight forms of marriage in Hindu law, in which the father gives his daughter to the bridegroom without receiving any present from him in order that the two may live happily and faithfully together; सहोभौ चरतां धर्ममिति वाचानुभाष्य च । कन्याप्रदानमभ्यर्च्यं प्राजापत्यो विधिः स्मृतः ॥ Ms.3.3; or इत्युक्त्वा चरतां धर्मं सह या दीयते$- र्थिने । स कायः (i. e. प्राजापत्यः) पावयेत्तज्जः षट् षड् वंश्यान्सहात्मना ॥ Y.1.6.-2 N. of the confluence of the Gaṅgā and Yamunā (प्रयाग); (also n.).-3 (with तिथि) The eighth day in the dark half of the month of Pauṣa.-4 N. of Viṣṇu.-5 A kind of fast or penance; (व्यहं प्रातस्त्र्यहं सायं त्र्यहमद्यादयाचितम् । त्र्यहं परं च नाश्नीयात् प्राजापत्यमिति स्मृतम् ॥); प्राजापत्यं चरेत् कृच्छ्रमब्दमेकं समाहितः Ms.11.15.-6 The heaven of the manes (पितृलोक).-7 A descendant of प्रजापति; द्वया ह प्राजापत्या देवाश्चासुराश्च Bṛi. Up.1.3.1.-त्यम् 1 Giving away the whole of one's property before entering upon the life of an ascetic; also प्राजापत्या.-2 Generative energy, procreative power.-3 A particular sacrifice (for appointing a daughter to raise issue in default of male heirs).
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