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1 interrupted hardening
English-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > interrupted hardening
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2 interrupted hardening
Англо-русский металлургический словарь > interrupted hardening
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3 interrupted hardening
1) Техника: прерывистая закалка2) Металлургия: ступенчатая закалка3) Силикатное производство: периодическая закалка -
4 interrupted
1. прервал; прерванный2. ступенчатый -
5 salt-bath hardening
1. закалка с нагревом в расплавленных солях2. закалка в соляной ваннеEnglish-Russian big polytechnic dictionary > salt-bath hardening
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6 ступенчатая закалка
1) Engineering: broken hardening, graduated hardening, interrupted quenching, step hardening2) Automobile industry: (прерывистая) broken hardening (с переносом стали из воды в масло), graded hardening3) Metallurgy: interrupted hardening, step quenchingУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > ступенчатая закалка
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7 прерывистая закалка
1) Engineering: broken hardening (в двух охладителях), interrupted hardening2) Metallurgy: interrupted quenching3) Makarov: interrupted quenching (в двух охладителях)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > прерывистая закалка
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8 периодическая закалка
Silicates: interrupted hardeningУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > периодическая закалка
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9 закалка
chilling, heat hardening, hardening, quench, quenching, heat strengthening, rapid cooling strengthening* * *зака́лка ж.1. ( нагрев материалов и последующее быстрое охлаждение) hardeningнагре́в под зака́лку — heating for hardening2. ( резкое охлаждение материалов) quenchingзака́лка в воде́1. water hardening2. water quenching, quenching in waterзака́лка в во́ду см. закалка в водезака́лка в двух сре́дах — two-medium quenchingзака́лка в жи́дкой среде́ — quench-hardeningзака́лка в зажа́том состоя́нии — fixture quenchingзака́лка в ма́сле1. oil hardening2. oil quenchingзака́лка в мелкораспылё́нной среде́ — fog quenchingзака́лка в одно́м охлади́теле — single-step hardeningвозду́шная зака́лка — air hardeningзака́лка в свинцо́вой ва́нне — lead-bath hardeningвтори́чная зака́лка — secondary hardeningзака́лка в шта́мпе — die quenchingвысокочасто́тная зака́лка — induction hardeningдифференциа́льная зака́лка — differential [progressive] hardeningизотерми́ческая зака́лка — austempering, isothermal hardeningиндукцио́нная зака́лка — induction hardeningзака́лка концо́в ре́льсов — rail-end hardening (by quenching)ме́стная зака́лка — local hardeningзака́лка на бейни́т — bainite quenchingзака́лка на мартенси́т — martemperingпла́менная зака́лка — flame [torch] hardeningпове́рхностная зака́лка — surface hardeningпо́лная зака́лка — full hardeningпреры́вистая зака́лка1. ( в двух охладителях) broken hardening2. interrupted quenchingрадиацио́нная зака́лка — radiation hardeningзака́лка с нагре́вом в соляно́й ва́нне — salt-bath hardeningзака́лка с охлажде́нием в воде́ — water hardeningзака́лка с охлажде́нием в ма́сле — oil hardeningзака́лка с охлажде́нием в соляно́м раство́ре — salt-bath hardeningзака́лка с охлажде́нием на во́здухе — air hardeningзака́лка с после́дующим о́тпуском — temper hardeningзака́лка с прока́тного нагре́ва — quenching from rolling heatзака́лка старе́ющих спла́вов — age hardeningступе́нчатая зака́лка — graded hardeningзака́лка то́ком высо́кой частоты́ — induction hardeningзака́лка упоря́дочивающихся спла́вов — order superlattice hardeningчасти́чная зака́лка — selective hardeningэлектромагни́тная зака́лка — electromagnetic hardening -
10 прерывистая закалка
1. broken hardening2. interrupted quenchingРусско-английский большой базовый словарь > прерывистая закалка
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11 aging, heat treatment
Старение (термообработка).Изменения в свойствах некоторых металлов и сплавов, возникающие при комнатной температуре или при умеренном нагреве после предварительной термообработки (старение стали после закалки, естественное или искусственное старение в цветных сплавах) или после операции холодной обработки (деформационное старение). Изменение в свойствах часто, но не всегда, происходит благодаря фазовым превращениям, но старение никогда не приводит к изменению в химическом составе металла или сплава.См. также age hardening - Упрочнение старениемartificial aging - Искусственное старениеСм. также interrupted aging - Прерванное старение, natural aging - Естественное старение, overaging - Чрезмерное старение,precipitation hardening - Дисперсионное твердение, precipitation heat treatment - Выделение вторичных фаз при термообработке, progressive aging - Прогрессивное старение, quench aging - Старение после закалки, step aging - Ступенчатое старение, strain aging - Деформационное старение.Англо-русский металлургический словарь > aging, heat treatment
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12 Haynes, Elwood
[br]b. 14 October 1857 Portland, Indiana, USAd. 13 April 1925 Kokomo, Indiana, USA[br]American inventor ofStellite cobalt-based alloys, early motor-car manufacturer and pioneer in stainless steels.[br]From his early years, Haynes was a practising Presbyterian and an active prohibitionist. He graduated in 1881 at Worcester, Massachusetts, and a spell of teaching in his home town was interrupted in 1884–5 while he attended the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore. In 1886 he became permanently diverted by the discovery of natural gas in Portland. He was soon appointed Superintendent of the local gas undertaking, and then in 1890 he was hired by the Indiana Natural Gas \& Oil Company. While continuing his gas-company employment until 1901, Haynes conducted numerous metallurgical experiments. He also designed an automobile: this led to the establishment of the Haynes- Apperson Company at Kokomo as one of the earliest motor-car makers in North America. From 1905 the firm traded as the Haynes Automobile Company, and before its bankruptcy in 1924 it produced more than 50,000 cars. After 1905, Haynes found the first "Stellite" alloys of cobalt and chromium, and in 1910 he was publicizing the patented material. He then discovered the valuable hardening effect of tungsten, and in 1912 began applying the "improved" Stellite to cutting tools. Three years later, the Haynes Stellite Company was incorporated, with Haynes as President, to work the patents. It was largely from this source that Haynes became a millionaire in 1920. In April 1912, Haynes's attempt to patent the use of chromium with iron to render the product rustless was unsuccessful. However, he re-applied for a US patent on 12 March 1915 and, although this was initially rejected, he persevered and finally obtained recognition of his modified claim. The American Stainless Steel Company licensed the patents of Brearley and Haynes jointly in the USA until the 1930s.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsJohn Scott Medal 1919 (awarded for useful inventions).BibliographyHaynes was the author of more than twenty published papers and articles, among them: 1907, "Materials for automobiles", Proceedings of the American Society of MechanicalEngineers 29:1,597–606; 1910, "Alloys of nickel and cobalt with chromium", Journal of Industrial Engineeringand Chemistry 2:397–401; 1912–13, "Alloys of cobalt with chromium and other metals", Transactions of the American Institute of 'Mining Engineers 44:249–55;1919–20, "Stellite and stainless steel", Proceedings of the Engineering Society of WestPennsylvania 35:467–74.1 April 1919, US patent no. 1,299,404 (stainless steel).The four US patents worked by the Haynes Stellite Company were: 17 December 1907, patent no. 873,745.1 April 1913, patent no. 1,057,423.1 April 1913, patent no. 1,057, 828.17 August 1915, patent no. 1,150, 113.Further ReadingR.D.Gray, 1979, Alloys and Automobiles. The Life of Elwood Haynes, Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society (a closely documented biography).JKA
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