in+the+back

Jānus, i, m. [root i, ire, prop. a going, a going through, passage; cf. janua], an old Italian deity. He was represented with a face on the front and another on the back of his head, Ov. F. 1, 245;

hence, anceps,

id. M. 14, 334. The month of January, Mensis Jani, Ov. F. 2, 51, was sacred to him, as were all other beginnings. The myth makes him a king of Latium or Etruria, where he hospitably received Saturn when expelled by Jupiter from Crete, Macr. S. 1, 7, 8, 9. He had a small temple in the Forum, with two doors opposite to each other, which in time of war stood open and in time of peace were shut;

the temple was thrice closed on this account: in the time of Numa, after the first Punic war, and after the battle of Actium,

Ov. F. 1, 281. With reference to his temple, the deity was called Janus geminus, or Janus Quirinus, Macr. S. 1, 9; Suet. Aug. 22; for which, poet.:

Janus Quirini,

Hor. C. 4, 15, 9.—Joined with pater:

Januspater,

Gell. 5, 12, 5.—

Transf.

The temple of Janus:

Janum ad infimum Argiletum indicem pacis bellique fecit,

Liv. 1, 19; cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 1.—

An arched passageway, covered passage, arcade:

janos tres faciendos locavit,

Liv. 41, 27; 2, 49; Cic. N. D. 2, 27, 67; Suet. Aug. 31.—

In partic., [p. 1013] Jani, four arched passages in the Roman Forum, where the merchants and moneychangers had their stand:

qui Puteal Janumque timet, celeresque Calendas,

Ov. R. Am. 561:

haec Janus summus ab imo Prodocet,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54:

postquam omnis res mea Janum Ad medium fracta est,

id. S. 2, 3, 18; Cic. Off. 2, 25, 90; id. Phil. 6, 5, 15 al.—

A year:

vive, vale et totidem venturos congere Janos, quot, etc.,

Aus. Ep. 20, 13.

lātus, a, um, adj. [old Lat. stlātus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 313; Sanscr. root star-, strnāmi = sterno; Gr. stor- in stornumi, stratos; Lat. sterno, stratus, torus; cf. strāges, struo; not connected with platus, nor with 3. lātus = tlêtos], broad, wide.

Lit.:

fossa,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 59:

mare,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 46, § 103:

via,

id. ib. 2, 4, 53, §

119: agri,

id. Rep. 5, 2, 3:

clavus,

Quint. 11, 3, 138 (v. clavus):

umeri,

Verg. A. 9, 725; cf.:

artus barbarorum,

Tac. A. 2, 21:

lati et lacertosi viri,

broad-shouldered, Col. 1, 9, 4; Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

rana bove latior,

Phaedr. 1, 24, 5:

palus non latior pedibus quinquaginta,

Caes. B. G. 7, 19:

latissimum flumen,

id. ib. 2, 27:

latissimae solitudines,

id. ib. 6, 22:

comesse panem tris pedes latum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 1, 8:

fossae quindecim pedes latae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 72:

areas latas pedum denum facito,

Col. 2, 10, 26:

populi,

Verg. A. 1, 225:

moenia lata videt,

id. ib. 6, 549:

latis otia fundis,

id. G. 2, 468: ne latos fines parare studeant. Caes. B. G. 6, 21:

ager,

Liv. 23, 46:

orbis,

Hor. C. 1, 12, 57:

terrae,

Ov. M. 2, 307:

lata Polyphemi acies,

wide eye, Juv. 9, 64.— Neutr. absol.:

crescere in latum,

to increase in width, widen, Ov. M. 1, 336.— Absol.:

per latum,

Vulg. Ezech. 46, 22:

in lato pedum centum,

Lampr. Alex. Sev. 26, 7.—

Transf., poet., for proud, swelling (cf. Eng. vulg. spreading):

latus ut in circo spatiere,

that you may stalk along largely, proudly, Hor. S. 2, 3, 183:

lati incesserunt et cothurnati (histriones),

Sen. Ep. 76, 31. —

Trop.

In gen., broad, wide, wide-spread, extended (mostly post-Aug.):

vox,

Quint. 11, 3, 82; cf.:

verba,

pronounced broadly, Cic. de Or. 3, 12, 46:

gloria,

widespread, Plin. Ep. 4, 12, 7:

lato Murrus caligat in hoste,

Sil. 1, 499:

interpretatio,

broad, not strict, lenient, Dig. 22, 1, 1:

culpa,

great, ib. 50, 16, 213; 11, 6, 1 fin.:

fuga,

a kind of banishment, whereby all places are forbidden to the exile but one, ib. 48, 22, 5.—

In partic., of style, diffuse, detailed, copious, prolix:

oratio Academicorum liberior et latior (opp. Stoicorum oratio astrictior et contractior),

Cic. Brut. 31, 120:

latum atque fusum,

Quint. 11, 3, 50:

latiore varioque tractatu,

id. 7, 3, 16:

latiore quadam comprehensione,

id. 2, 5, 14:

genus orandi latum et sonans,

Tac. H. 1, 90:

Aeschines his latior et audentior,

Quint. 12, 10, 23.— Hence, adv.: lātē, broadly, widely, extensively; with longe, on all sides, far and wide, everywhere.

Lit.:

late longeque diffusus,

Cic. Leg. 1, 12, 34:

omnibus longe lateque aedificiis incensis,

Caes. B. G. 4, 35:

minus late vagari,

id. ib. 1, 2:

regnare,

Just. 13, 7:

populus late rex,

Verg. A. 1, 21; cf.:

diu Lateque victrix,

Hor. C. 4, 4, 23:

cladem inferre,

Tac. H. 3, 23.— Comp.:

latius demum operaest pretium ivisse,

Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 156:

itaque latius quam caedebatur ruebat (murus),

Liv. 21, 11:

possidere (agros),

Ov. M. 5, 131:

metui,

Tac. A. 12, 43. — Sup.:

ager latissime continuatus,

Cic. Agr. 2, 26, 70:

quam latissime possint, ignes faciant,

Nep. Eum. 9, 3.—

Trop.: ars late patet, widely. Cic. de Or. 1, 55, 235:

Phrygiae late refer primordia gentis,

Ov. H. 17, 57.— Comp.:

latius loquuntur rhetores, dialectici compressius,

Cic. Fin. 2, 6, 17: quod [p. 1042] pateat latius, of rather extensive application, Cic. Off. 3, 4, 19:

latius perscribere,

Caes. B. C. 2, 17:

uti opibus,

more lavishly, Hor. S. 2, 2, 113.— Sup.:

fidei bonae nomen latissime manat,

Cic. Off. 3, 17, 70:

latissime patere,

id. ib. 3, 17, 69.

lătus, ĕris, n. [cf. Gr. platus; Lat. lăter, Latium, plautus or plotus], the side, flank of men or animals.

Lit.:

ego vostra faciam latera lorea,

Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 2: quid conminatu's mihi? Con. Istud male factum arbitror, quia non latus fodi, id. Aul. 3, 2, 4:

occidisse ex equo dicitur, et latus offendisse vehementer,

Cic. Clu. 62, 175:

cujus latus ille mucro petebat,

id. Lig. 3, 9:

laterique accommodat ensem,

Verg. A. 2, 393; Quint. 2, 13, 12; 11, 3, 69; 118:

laterum inclinatione forti ac virili,

id. 1, 11, 18: vellere latus digitis, to twitch one by the side (in order to attract attention), Ov. A. A. 1, 606; cf.:

si tetigit latus acrior,

Juv. 7, 109:

tum latus ei dicenti condoluisse... dieque septimo est lateris dolore consumptus,

pleurisy, Cic. de Or. 3, 2, 6; so,

lateris dolor,

Cato, R. R. 125; Cels. 2, 7; 8; Plin. 21, 21, 89, § 155:

lateris vigili cum febre dolor,

Juv. 13, 229; cf.:

laterum dolor aut tussis,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 32: artifices lateris, i. e. those who make skilful side movements or evolutions, ballet-dancers, Ov. A. A. 3, 351:

latus tegere alicui,

to walk by the side of one, Hor. S. 2, 5, 18:

claudere alicui,

Juv. 3, 131; and:

mares inter se uxoresque contendunt, uter det latus illis (sc. pantomimis),

Sen. Q. N. 7, 32, 3.—Of animals:

equorum,

Lucr. 5, 1324:

cujus (equi aënei) in lateribus fores essent,

Cic. Off. 3, 9, 38.—

Of orators, the lungs:

lateribus aut clamore contendere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 60, 255:

quae vox, quae latera, quae vires, etc.,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 30, § 67:

ut lateris conatus sit ille, non capitis,

Quint. 1, 11, 8; cf.:

lateris pectorisve firmitas an capitis etiam plus adjuvet,

id. 11, 3, 16; so id. 11, 3, 40:

dum vox ac latus praeparetur,

id. 10, 7, 2; 11, 3, 13:

voce, latere, firmitate (constat orator),

id. 12, 11, 2:

neque enim ex te umquam es nobilitatus, sed ex lateribus et lacertis tuis,

Cic. de Sen. 9, 27:

cum legem Voconiam voce magna et bonis lateribus suasissem,

id. ib. 5, 14:

illa adhuc audaciora et majorum, ut Cicero existimat, laterum,

Quint. 9, 1, 29.—

Poet., in mal. part., Lucil. ap. Non. 260, 30; Ov. H. 2, 58; 19, 138; Prop. 2, 2, 12:

lateri parcere,

Juv. 6, 37.—

Transf., in gen.

The side, flank, lateral surface of a thing (opp. frons and tergum;

v. h. vv.): collis ex utraque parte lateris dejectus habebat et in frontem leniter fastigatus paulatim ad planiciem redibat,

on each side, Caes. B. G. 2, 8; cf. Plin. 17, 23, 35, § 202:

terra angusta verticibus, lateribus latior,

Cic. Rep. 6, 20, 21:

latus unum castrorum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 5:

insula, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

id. ib. 5, 13:

et (Fibrenus) divisus aequaliter in duas partis latera haec (insulae) adluit,

Cic. Leg. 2, 3, 6.—Of a maritime country, the coast, seaboard:

Illyricum,

Juv. 8, 117:

castelli,

Sall. J. 93:

tum prora avertit et undis Dat latus,

the ship's side, Verg. A. 1, 105:

ubi pulsarunt acres latera ardua fluctus,

Ov. M. 11, 529:

nudum remigio,

Hor. C. 1, 14, 4; id. Epod. 10, 3:

dextrum (domus),

id. Ep. 1, 16, 6:

mundi,

id. C. 1, 22, 19:

crystallus sexangulis nascitur lateribus,

surfaces, Plin. 37, 2, 9, § 26.—Of an army, the flank, Tac. Agr. 35:

reliquos equites ad latera disponit,

Caes. B. G. 6, 7:

ex itinere nostros latere aperto aggressi,

id. ib. 1, 25; cf. id. ib. 2, 23 fin.:

ad latus apertum hostium constitui,

id. ib. 4, 25:

ne simul in frontem, simul in latera, pugnaretur,

Tac. Agr. 35.—So in fighting: latus dare, to expose one's side or flank to the adversary, Val. Fl. 4, 304 (v. II. A. infra).—

Esp. freq.: a (ab) latere, on or at the side or flank; a or ab lateribus, on or at the sides or flanks (opp. a fronte, in front, before, and a tergo, at the back, behind):

a tergo, a fronte, a lateribus tenebitur,

Cic. Phil. 3, 13, 32:

a fronte atque ab utroque latere cratibus ac pluteis protegebat,

Caes. B. C. 1, 25 fin.; id. B. G. 2, 25:

ab omni latere securus,

Amm. 16, 9, 3:

ab latere aggredi,

Liv. 27, 48:

disjectos ab tergo aut lateribus circumveniebant,

Sall. J. 50 fin.:

ne quis inermibus militibus ab latere impetus fieri posset,

Caes. B. G. 3, 29:

Sulla profligatis iis, quos advorsum ierat, rediens ab latere Mauris incurrit,

Sall. J. 101, 8: si ex hac causa unda prorumperet, a lateribus undae circumfunderentur, Sen. Q. N. 6, 6, 4:

a lateribus, a fronte, quasi tria maria prospectat,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 5.—

Less freq. with ex:

latere ex utroque,

Lucr. 2, 1049:

ex lateribus aggredi aliquem,

Sall. C. 60:

tribus ex lateribus (locus) tegebatur,

Hirt. B. Alex. 28, 4:

ex alio latere cubiculum est politissimum,

Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 10:

omni ex latere armorum molibus urgeri,

Amm. 19, 7, 7.—

With de:

de latere ire,

Lucr. 6, 117.—Without prep.:

alio latere,

Tac. A. 3, 74.—

Poet. (pars pro toto), the body:

penna latus vestit, tenet,

Ov. M. 2, 376:

nunc latus in fulvis niveum deponit harenis,

id. ib. 2, 865; cf. id. ib. 3, 23;

14, 710: forte,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 26:

fessum longā militiā,

id. C. 2, 7, 18:

credidit tauro latus,

id. ib. 3, 27, 26:

liminis aut aquae Caelestis patiens latus,

id. ib. 3, 10, 20.—

Trop.

In gen.: in latera atque in terga incurrere, to attack the sides, i. e. the unguarded points, Quint. 9, 1, 20:

aliena negotia centum Per caput et circa saliunt latus,

encompass on every side, Hor. S. 2, 6, 34:

ut a sems latere numquam discederem,

never left his side, Cic. Lael. 1, 1; cf.: aliquem lateri alicujus adjungere, to attach to his side, i. e. to give him for a companion, Quint. 1, 2, 5; so,

alicui latus dare, of a client,

Sen. Q. N. 7, 32, 3 (cf. B. 1. infra):

lateri adhaerere gravem dominum,

hung about them, threatened them, Liv. 39, 25:

Illyriorum rex, lateri ejus haerens, assiduis precibus promissa exigebat,

Just. 29, 4, 8; cf.:

Agathocles regis lateri junctus, civitatem regebat,

id. 30, 2, 5:

circumfusa turba lateri meo,

Liv. 6, 15.—Esp.:

sacpe dabis nudum latus,

expose, Tib. 1, 4, 52:

la. tus imperii nudum,

Flor. 3, 5, 4:

nec adulatoribus latus praebeas,

expose yourself, lay yourself open to, Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.: latere tecto abscedere, i. e safe, unharmed, Ter. Heaut. 4, 2, 5:

hic fugit omnes Insidias nullique malo latus obdit apertum,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 59:

ex uno latere constat contractus,

on one side, Dig. 19, 1, 13 fin.; so ib. 3, 5, 5:

nulla ex utroque latere nascitur actio,

ib. 3, 5, 6, § 4.—

In partic.

To express intimacy, attachment:

latus alicui cingere,

to cling to, Liv. 32, 39, 8; esp. in the phrase: ab latere, at the side of, i. e. in intimate association with (rare, and perh. not ante-Aug.):

ab latere tyranni: addit eos ab latere tyranni,

Liv. 24, 5, 13; Curt. 3, 5, 15; cf.:

ille tuum, Castrice, dulce latus,

your constant associate, Mart. 6, 68, 4.—

Relationship, kindred, esp. collateral relationship (post-Aug.):

quibus (liberis) videor a meo tuoque latere pronum ad honores iter relicturus,

Plin. Ep. 8, 10, 3:

sunt et ex lateribus cognati ut fratres sororesque,

Dig. 38, 10, 10, § 8:

ex latere uxorem ducere,

ib. 23, 2, 68:

latus omne divinae domus,

Stat. S. 5 praef.: omnes personae cognatorum aut supra numerantur, aut infra, aut ex transverso, sive a latere... a latere, fratres et sorores, liberique eorum; item parentium fratres et sorores liberique eorum, (Ulp.) de Grad. Cogn. 2 ap. Huschke, Jurisp. Antejust. p. 530.

lātus, a, um, Part., v. fero.

Mercŭrĭus, ii, m., = Hermês, Mercury, the son of Jupiter and Maia, the messenger of the gods; as a herald, the god of dexterity; in speaking, of eloquence; the bestower of prosperity; the god of traders and thieves; the presider over roads, and conductor of departed souls to the Lower World: Mercurius a mercibus est dictus. Hunc etenim negotiorum omnium aestimabant esse deum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 124 Müll.; Cic. N. D. 3, 22 sq.; id. Verr. 2, 5, 72, § 185; id. Arat. 277; Caes. B. G. 6, 17; Verg. A. 4, 222; Hor. C. 1, 10, 1; Ov. F. 5, 663 sqq.: stella Mercurii, the planet Mercury: infra hanc autem stella Mercurii est, ea stilbôn appellatur a Graecis, Cic. N. D. 2, 20, 54; so,

stella Mercurii,

id. Univ. 9;

also simply Mercurius,

id. Rep. 6, 17, 17:

dies Mercurii or Mercuris,

Wednesday, Inscr. Murat. 402, 7.— Appel. gen. plur.:

Mercuriorum,

Tert. Spect. 1, 11 fin. —

Transf., the withers of draught-cattle, between the neck and the back (post-class.), Veg. Vet. 2, 59; 4, 3.—

In partic.

Aqua Mercurii, a fountain in the via Appia, Ov. F. 5, 673.—

Tumulus Mercurii, near Carthago nova, Liv. 26, 44.—

Promontorium Mercurii, in Africa, in Zeugitana, near Carthage, now Capo Bon, Liv. 29, 27; Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

Pēgăsus ( - os), i, m., = Pêgasos, the winged horse of the Muses, who sprang from the blood of Medusa when she was slain, and with a blow of his hoof caused the fountain of the Muses ( Hippocrene) to spring from Mount Helicon. Bellerophon afterwards caught him at the fountain of Pirene, near Corinth, and, with the aid of his hoofs, destroyed the Chimœra. But when Bellerophon wished to fly on the back of Pegasus to heaven, the latter threw him off and ascended to the skies alone, where he was changed into a constellation, Ov. M. 4, 785; 5, 262 sq.; id. F. 3, 458:

ales,

Hor. C. 4, 11, 27; Hyg. Fab. 151; id. Astr. 2, 18.—Applied in jest to a swift messenger, Cic. Quint. 25, 80. —Of winged horses in gen., Plin. 8, 21, 30, § 72; cf.:

sunt mirae aves cornutae (in Africā) et equinis auribus Pegasi,

Mel. 3, 9.— Hence,

Pēgăsēïus, a, um, adj., Pegasean, i. e. poetic: melos, Pers. praef. 14. —

Pēgăsĕus ( Pēgăsēus, Mart. Cap. 9 fin.), a, um, adj., of or belonging to Pegasus, Pegasean:

volatus,

Cat. 55, 24:

habenae,

Claud. in Ruf. 3, 262:

aquae,

Hippocrene, id. Epigr. 5, 4.—Pegaseum stagnum, a lake in lonia, Plin. 5, 27, 31, § 115:

aetas Pegaseo corripiet gradu,

i. e. with rapid step, Sen. Troad. 385.—

Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f. adj., of Pegasus:

Pegasides undae,

the waters of Hippocrene, the fountain of the Muses, Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 15:

unda,

Mart. 9, 59, 6.— Subst.: Pēgăsĭdes, the Muses, Ov. H. 15, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 1, 19.— Pēgăsis, ĭdis, f., = Pêgê, a fountain-nymph:

Pegasis Oenone Phrygiis celeberrima silvis,

Ov. H. 5, 3.

Pēgăsus, i, m., a celebrated jurist in the reign of the emperor Vespasian, Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 47; Juv. 4, 77.—Hence,

Pē-găsĭānus, a, um, adj., Pegasian:

senatus consultum,

Just. Inst. 2, tit. 23.

ŭmĕrus (incorrectly spelled hŭmĕ-rus in many edd.), i, m. [cf. ômos].

Prop., the upper bone of the arm, Cels. 8, 1. —

Meton.

The upper part of the arm (so only poet. for the usual lacertus):

innixus dextro plena trahens umero,

upperarm, arm, Prop. 1, 20, 44:

umeros exsertus uterque,

Stat. Th. 5, 439; 4, 235; Ov. F. 1, 409.—

The shoulder (of a man; opp. armus of an animal, v. h. v.;

the predom. signif. of the word): meus est ballista pugnus, cubitus catapulta est mihi, Umerus aries,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17:

id conexum in umero laevo,

id. Mil. 4, 4, 44:

sagittae pendebant ab umero,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 74; cf. Hor. C. 1, 21, 12:

umerum apertum gladio appetit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35:

Chloris albo sic umero nitens,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 18:

sparsum odoratis umerum capillis,

id. ib. 3, 20, 14:

pars umeri ima tui,

Ov. A. A. 3, 307.— Plur.:

(virgines) quas matres student Demissis umeris esse,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23:

scutum, gladium, galeam in onere nostri milites non plus numerant quam umeros, lacertos, manus,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

ut bracchia modo atque umeri ad sustinenda arma liberi ab aquā esse possent,

Caes. B. G. 7, 56:

pedites tantummodo umeris ac summo pectore exstare,

id. B. C. 1, 62:

cum Milo umeris sustineret bovem vivum,

Cic. Sen. 10, 33:

quod pupillum filium ipse paene in umeros suos extulisset,

id. de Or. 1, 53, 228:

densum umeris vulgus,

Hor. C. 2, 13, 32:

nube candentes umeros amictus Augur Apollo,

id. ib. 1, 2, 31; so,

candidi,

id. ib. 1, 13, 10:

umeris positurus arcum,

id. ib. 3, 4, 60:

et quae nunc umeris involitant, deciderint comae,

id. ib. 4, 10, 3 et saep.:

ex umeris armi fiunt,

Ov. M. 10, 700; so id. ib. 12, 396; cf.:

terrestrium solus homo bipes: uni juguli, umeri, ceteris armi,

Plin. 11, 43, 98, § 243.—

Umerus is also used of animals (as, on the other hand, armi is of men; v. armus);

of oxen,

Cic. N. D. 2, 63, 159.—Of cocks, Col. 8, 2, 9.—

Of the middle part of a thing, the back, ridge (post-Aug.).

Of trees and plants:

certum est ab umeris arborum surculos petendos,

Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 105; Col. 3, 10, 5; id. Arb. 3, 1.—

Of mountain ridges:

montium flexus crebrique vertices et conflexa cubito aut confracta in umeros juga,

Plin. 2, 44, 44, § 115 (al. numeros):

virides umeros,

Stat. Th. 6, 714. —

Of a country:

Rhegium oppidum in umero ejus (Italiae) situm, a quo veluti cervicis incipit flexus,

Plin. 3, 5, 6, § 43; so,

duo haec oppida... sita sunt utrāque ex parte velut in umeris Helladis,

id. 4, 7, 11, § 23.—

Trop., in plur., the shoulders; as in Engl., when speaking of bearing a burden:

tota ut comitia suis, ut dictitabat, umeris sustineret,

Cic. Mil. 9, 25:

rem publicam umeris sustinere,

id. Fl. 37, 94:

cum expertus esset, quam bene umeris tuis sederet imperium,

Plin. Pan. 10, 6; 57, 4:

sumite materiam vestris qui scribitis aequam Viribus, et versate diu, quid ferre recusent, Quid valeant umeri,

Hor. A. P. 40.

cervix, īcis ( gen. plur. cervicum, Cic. Or. 18, 59; Plin. 23, 2, 33, § 68: cervicium, acc. to Charis. p. 100), f. [cer-vix; cf. Sanscr. s)iras, caput, and vincio, Bopp, Gloss. 348 b], the neck, including the back of the neck, the nape (in ante-Aug. prose usu. in plur.; so always in Cic. and Sall.; acc. to Varr. L. L. 8, § 14; 10, § 78 Müll.; and Quint. 8, 3, 35, Hortensius first used the sing.; it is, however, found even in Ennius and Pacuvius; v. the foll.).

Sing.: caput a cervice revolsum, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 10, 396: quadrupes capite brevi, cervice anguinā, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 2, 64, 133; Lucr. 1, 36; 6, 745; * Cat. 62, 83; * Tib. 3, 4, 27; Prop. 3 (4), 17, 31; Verg. G. 3, 52; 3, 524; 4, 523; id. A. 1, 402; 2, 707; 10, 137; Hor. C. 1, 13, 2; 2, 5, 2; Liv. 8, 7, 21; 22, 51, 7 Fabri ad loc.; 26, 13, 18; 27, 49, 1; 31, 34, 4; 35, 11, 8; Vell. 2, 4, 5; Hortens. ap. Varr. l. l., and Quint. l. l.; id. 1, 11, 9; 11, 3, 82; 11, 3, 83; 4, 2, 39 Spald.; Plin. 11, 37, 67, § 177.—

Plur.:

eversae cervices tuae,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 131 (cf. versa, Ov. H. 16, 231):

ut gladius impenderet illius beati cervicibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 21, 62; id. N. D. 1, 35, 99; 2, 63, 159:

aliquo praesidio caput et cervices et jugulum tutari,

id. Sest. 42, 90:

frangere,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 110; 2, 5, 57, § 147; cf. id. Phil. 11, 2, 5; Hor. C. 2, 13, 6:

cervices crassae longae,

Varr. R. R. 2, 5, 8; 2, 9, 4:

altae,

Verg. A. 2, 219:

tumor cervicum,

Plin. 23, 2, 33, § 68; Suet. Galb. 11; id. Vit. 17.—Esp. in several proverbial expressions, as the vital part of a person:

cervices securi subicere,

Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 51; cf.:

offerre cervicem percussoribus,

Tac. A. 1, 53:

cervices Roscio dare,

i. e. to the executioner, Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 30:

praebere cervicem gladio,

Juv. 10, 345. —

Trop.

(The figure taken from bearing the yoke; cf. Liv. 9, 6, 12.) Imposuistis in cervicibus nostris sempiternum dominum, Cic. N. D. 1, 20, 54; cf. Liv. 42, 50, 6: qui suis cervicibus tanta munia atque rem publicam sustinent, Cic. Sest. 66, 138; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 42, § 108; id. Mil. 28, 77. —Hence, of any great burden or danger:

dandae cervice erant crudelitati nefariae,

to submit to, Cic. Phil. 5, 16, 42:

a cervicibus nostris avertere Antonium,

id. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 15, 7; id. Phil. 3, 4, 8:

non facile hanc tantam molem mali a cervicibus vestris depulissem,

id. Cat. 3, 7, 17:

legiones in cervicibus nostris conlocare,

id. Fam. 12, 23, 2:

in cervicibus alicujus esse, of too great or dangerous proximity: cum in cervicibus sumus (opp. cum procul abessemus),

Liv. 44, 39, 7: etsi bellum ingens in cervicibus erat, on hand, as an oppressive burden, id. 22, 33, 6:

sed nec Romani, tametsi Poeni et Hannibal in cervicibus erant,

Just. 29, 4, 7; cf.:

rex ratus eam urbem... suis inpositam esse cervicibus,

Curt. 7, 7, 1.—

For boldness:

qui tantis erunt cervicibus recuperatores, qui audeant, etc.,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 59, § 135.—

Transf., of things, the neck:

amphorae,

Petr. 34, 6; Mart. 12, 32:

fistularum,

Vitr. 10, 13:

cupressi,

Stat. Th. 6, 855; cf. Col. 4, 7, 3:

Peloponnesi, i.e. Isthmus,

Plin. 4, 3, 4, § 8; cf. id. 6, 29, 34, § 170.

furca, ae, f. [Sanscr. bhur-ig, shears; cf. Lat. forceps, forfex; also Gr. pharos, plough; Lat. forāre;

Engl. bore,

Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 299; but Corss. refers furca to root dhar-,=fero, as a prop. support; v. Ausspr. 1, 149], a two-pronged fork.

Lit.:

exacuunt alii vallos furcasque bicornes,

Verg. G. 1, 264:

valentes,

id. ib. 2, 359:

furcis detrudi,

Liv. 28, 3, 7; cf. Caes. B. C. 2, 11, 2. —Prov.: naturam expellas furcā, tamen usque recurret, with might and main, Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 24 (v. furcilla).—

Transf., of things shaped like a fork.

A forkshaped prop, pole, or stake, for carrying burdens on the back or shoulder, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 2;

for supporting the seats of a theatre,

Liv. 1, 35, 9;

for a vine,

Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 32;

for fishing-nets,

id. 9, 8, 9, § 31;

for the gable of a house,

Ov. M. 8, 700; a frame on which meat was suspended in the chimney, id. ib. 8, 648.—

An instrument of punishment in the form of a fork (V or II), which was placed on the culprit's neck, while his hands were fastened to the two ends, a yoke (cf.: crux, gabalus, patibulum; hence, furcifer): To. Satis sumpsimus jam supplici. Do. Fateor, manus vobis do. To. Post dabis sub furcis, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 71:

canem et furcam ferre,

id. Cas. 2, 6, 37:

servus per circum, cum virgis caederetur, furcam ferens ductus est,

Cic. Div. 1, 26, 55:

servus sub furca caesus,

Liv. 2, 36, 1 Drak.; Val. Max. 1, 7, 4; Lact. 2, 7, 20:

sub furca vinctus inter verbera et cruciatus,

Liv. 1, 26, 10:

cervicem inserere furcae,

Suet. Ner. 49; Eutr. 7, 5; Prud. steph. 10, 851.—Hence poet. to designate the worst condition of slavery:

ibis sub furcam prudens,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 66.—

A fork-shaped gallows:

aliquem furcā figere,

Dig. 48, 19, 28 fin.:

furcae subicere,

ib. 9:

in furcam tollere,

ib. 38:

in furcam suspendere,

ib. 13, 6:

in furcam damnare,

ib. 49, 16, 3:

canes vivi in furca, sambucea arbore fixi,

Plin. 29. 4, 14, § 57.—

A fork-shaped yoke in which young bullocks were put to be tamed, Varr. R. R. 1, 20, 2.—

Furcae cancrorum, the claws of a crab, App. Mag. p. 297. —

Furcae Caudinae, the narrow pass of Caudium, the Caudine Forks, usually called Furculae Caudinae (v. furcula, II. and Caudium), Val. Max. 5, 1, 5 ext.; 7, 2, 17 ext.

* * *

aerumna, ae (pleb. er-), f. [contr. from aegrimonia; as to the suppressed g, cf. jumentum from jugum, Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420. Others explain aerumna (with Paul. ex Fest. s. v. aerumnula, p. 24 Müll.) orig. for a frame for carrying burdens upon the back; hence trop.], need, want, trouble, toil, hardship, distress, tribulation, calamity, etc. (objectively; while aegrimonia, like aegritudo, denotes, subjectively, the condition of mind, Doed. 1. c.; for the most part only ante-class., except in Cic., who uses it several times, in order to designate by one word the many modifications and shadings of the condition of mental suffering; in Quintilian's time the word was obsolete, v. Quint. 8, 3, 26): tibi sunt ante ferendae aerumnae, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 47 Vahl.); cf.: Ilia dia nepos, quas erumnas tetulisti, id. ap. Charis. p. 70 P. (Ann. v. 56 ib.): quantis cum aerumnis exantlavi diem, id. ap. Non. 292, 8 (Trag. v. 127 ib.):

uno ut labore absolvat aerumnas duas (of the pains of parturition),

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 26:

animus aequos optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; id. Ep. 2, 1, 10;

so,

id. Capt. 5, 4, 12; id. Curc. 1, 2, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 1: lapit cor cura, aerumna corpus conficit, Pac. ap. Non. 23, 8; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8; Lucr. 3, 50:

aerumna gravescit,

id. 4, 1065:

quo pacto adversam aerumnam ferant,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 12:

maeror est aegritudo flebilis: aerumna aegritudo laboriosa: dolor aegritudo crucians,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

Herculis aerumnas perpeti: sic enim majores nostri labores non fugiendos tristissimo tamen verbo aerumnas etiam in Deo nominaverunt,

id. Fin. 2, 35; cf. id. ib. 5, 32, 95:

mors est aerumnarum requies,

Sall. C. 51, 20; so id. J. 13, 22: Luculli miles collecta viatica multis Aerumnis, ad assem Perdiderat, with much difficulty, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26:

multiplicabo aerumnas tuas,

Vulg. Gen. 3, 16:

in labore et aerumnā (fui),

ib. 2 Cor. 11, 27.—

In later Lat. for defeat (of an army), Amm. 15, 4; cf. id. 15, 8 al.

Petric. Vit. D. Mart. 1, 66. Hence, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 76 P. derives it from eruere (quod mentem eruat). Cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420.

aerumna, ae (pleb. er-), f. [contr. from aegrimonia; as to the suppressed g, cf. jumentum from jugum, Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420. Others explain aerumna (with Paul. ex Fest. s. v. aerumnula, p. 24 Müll.) orig. for a frame for carrying burdens upon the back; hence trop.], need, want, trouble, toil, hardship, distress, tribulation, calamity, etc. (objectively; while aegrimonia, like aegritudo, denotes, subjectively, the condition of mind, Doed. 1. c.; for the most part only ante-class., except in Cic., who uses it several times, in order to designate by one word the many modifications and shadings of the condition of mental suffering; in Quintilian's time the word was obsolete, v. Quint. 8, 3, 26): tibi sunt ante ferendae aerumnae, Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 40 (Ann. v. 47 Vahl.); cf.: Ilia dia nepos, quas erumnas tetulisti, id. ap. Charis. p. 70 P. (Ann. v. 56 ib.): quantis cum aerumnis exantlavi diem, id. ap. Non. 292, 8 (Trag. v. 127 ib.):

uno ut labore absolvat aerumnas duas (of the pains of parturition),

Plaut. Am. 1, 2, 26:

animus aequos optimum est aerumnae condimentum,

id. Rud. 2, 3, 71; id. Ep. 2, 1, 10;

so,

id. Capt. 5, 4, 12; id. Curc. 1, 2, 54; id. Pers. 1, 1, 1: lapit cor cura, aerumna corpus conficit, Pac. ap. Non. 23, 8; Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 8; Lucr. 3, 50:

aerumna gravescit,

id. 4, 1065:

quo pacto adversam aerumnam ferant,

Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 12:

maeror est aegritudo flebilis: aerumna aegritudo laboriosa: dolor aegritudo crucians,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 8, 18:

Herculis aerumnas perpeti: sic enim majores nostri labores non fugiendos tristissimo tamen verbo aerumnas etiam in Deo nominaverunt,

id. Fin. 2, 35; cf. id. ib. 5, 32, 95:

mors est aerumnarum requies,

Sall. C. 51, 20; so id. J. 13, 22: Luculli miles collecta viatica multis Aerumnis, ad assem Perdiderat, with much difficulty, * Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 26:

multiplicabo aerumnas tuas,

Vulg. Gen. 3, 16:

in labore et aerumnā (fui),

ib. 2 Cor. 11, 27.—

In later Lat. for defeat (of an army), Amm. 15, 4; cf. id. 15, 8 al.

Petric. Vit. D. Mart. 1, 66. Hence, Enn. ap. Charis. p. 76 P. derives it from eruere (quod mentem eruat). Cf. Doed. Syn. IV. p. 420.

puppis, is (acc. rarely puppem, Luc. 3, 545; and 4, 132, acc. to Prisc. p. 758 and 761 P.; abl. puppe, Ov. M. 5, 653; 7, 1; 11, 464 al.; Sil. 14, 525; Stat. Th. 3, 29 et saep.), f. [etym. dub.].

The hinder part of a ship, the stern or poop (where also the helm was placed):

navem convertens ad puppim,

Cic. Att. 13, 21, 3:

surgens a puppi ventus,

astern, right aft, Verg. A. 3, 130:

e puppi,

Curt. 4, 4, 8; Ov. M. 3, 651:

major pars a puppe nantes equos loris trahebat,

Curt. 7, 9, 4:

puppes citae,

Hor. Epod. 9, 20:

sedebamus in puppi et clavum tenebamus,

i. e. I sat at the helm of the ship of State, Cic. Fam. 9, 15, 3:

quam ob rem conscende nobiscum. et quidem ad puppim,

id. ib. 12, 25, 5.—

Transf.

In gen., a ship:

pictae puppes,

Hor. C. 1, 14, 14; Verg. A. 1, 399; id. G. 3, 362; Ov. H. 13, 97.—

As a constellation, The Ship, Cic. Arat. 389.—

In comic lang., the back:

puppis Pereunda est probe,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 69.