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61 behavioural
[sciences, studies] behavioriste* * *GB, behavioral US [bɪ'heɪvjərəl] adjective [change, disorder, problem] de comportement; [theory, science] du comportement -
62 behind
behind [bɪˈhaɪnd]━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━1. adverba. ( = in or at the rear) derrière• to follow a long way behind/not far behind suivre de loin/d'assez prèsb. ( = late) en retard2. prepositiona. derrière• what is behind this? qu'y a-t-il là-dessous ?c. ( = responsible for) who was behind the attack? qui est derrière cet attentat ?d. ( = less advanced than) en retard sur3. noun* * *Note: When used as a preposition to talk about the physical position of something, behind is translated by derrière: behind the house = derrière la maisonbehind is sometimes used in verb combinations ( fall behind, lag behind etc). For translations, consult the appropriate verb entry (fall, lag etc)[bɪ'haɪnd] 1.(colloq) noun derrière (colloq) m2.3.to be behind with — avoir du retard dans [studies, work]
adverb [follow on, trail] derrière; [look, glance] en arrière4.1) derrièrebehind my back — fig derrière mon dos
to be behind the others — [pupil] être en retard par rapport aux autres
2) fig ( motivating)the reasons behind his declaration — les raisons qui motivent/motivaient sa déclaration
3) fig ( supporting) -
63 behindhand
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64 botanic
* * *[bə'tænɪk(l)]= botanicaladjective [studies, drawing, term] botanique; [name] latinbotanic gardens — jardin m botanique
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65 bury
bury [ˈberɪ]a. enterrer• to bury the hatchet or the tomahawk (US) enterrer la hache de guerreb. ( = conceal) enfouirc. ( = engross) plonger• to bury o.s. in one's studies se plonger dans ses étudesd. to bury one's hands/a knife in sth plonger les mains/un couteau dans qch* * *['berɪ]transitive verb1) ( after death) enterrer, inhumer [person]; enterrer [animal]2) [avalanche etc] ensevelir [person, building, town]3) ( hide) enterrer, enfouir [treasure, bone]4) ( suppress) enterrer [differences, hatred, memories]5) ( engross)to be buried in — être plongé dans [book, work]
6) ( plunge) enfoncer [dagger, teeth, hands] (in dans) -
66 business
business [ˈbɪznɪs]1. noun• what line of business is he in? (inf) qu'est-ce qu'il fait (dans la vie) ?• now we're in business! (inf) ( = ready) maintenant nous sommes prêts !• "business as usual" « nous restons ouverts pendant les travaux »b. ( = volume of trade) our business has doubled in the last year notre chiffre d'affaires a doublé par rapport à l'année dernièrec. ( = firm) entreprise fd. ( = task) affaire f• it's time the government got on with the business of dealing with inflation il est temps que le gouvernement s'occupe sérieusement du problème de l'inflation• that's my business! c'est mon affaire• mind your own business! (inf) mêlez-vous de vos affaires !e. ( = undertaking) moving house is a costly business cela coûte cher de déménagerf. ( = situation) affaire f2. compounds[lunch, meeting, trip] d'affaires• the business end of a rifle le canon d'un fusil ► business hours plural noun [of shops] heures fpl d'ouverture ; [of offices] heures fpl de bureau* * *['bɪznɪs] 1.1) [U] ( commerce) affaires fplthey're back in business — Commerce ils ont repris leurs activités
she's gone to Brussels on business — elle est allée à Bruxelles pour affaires or en voyage d'affaires
it's good/bad for business — ça fait marcher/ne fait pas marcher les affaires
‘business as usual’ — ( on shop window) ‘nous restons ouverts pendant les travaux’
it is/it was business as usual — fig c'est/c'était comme à l'habitude
2) (custom, trade)we are doing twice as much business as last summer — notre chiffre d'affaires a doublé par rapport à l'été dernier
3) (trade, profession) métier m4) (company, firm) affaire f, entreprise f; ( shop) commerce m, boutique f5) [U] ( important matters) questions fpl importantes; (duties, tasks) devoirs mpl, occupations fpl‘any other business’ — ( on agenda) ‘questions diverses’
6) ( concern)mind your own business! — (colloq) occupe-toi or mêle-toi de tes affaires! (colloq)
7) ( affair) histoire f, affaire fit's a bad ou sorry business — c'est une triste affaire
8) (bother, nuisance) histoire f2.noun modifier [ address, letter, transaction] commercial; [ pages] affaires; [ meeting, consortium] d'affairesbusiness people — hommes mpl d'affaires
••she can play the piano like nobody's business — (colloq) elle joue du piano comme personne
to work like nobody's business — (colloq) travailler d'arrache-pied
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67 computer
computer [kəmˈpju:tər]► computer crime noun ( = illegal activities) criminalité f informatique ; ( = illegal act) délit m informatique* * *[kəm'pjuːtə(r)]noun ordinateur mby computer/on a computer — par/sur ordinateur
the computer is up/down — l'ordinateur fonctionne/est en panne
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68 continue
continue [kənˈtɪnju:]continuer ( to do sth à or de faire qch ) ; [+ piece of work] continuer ; [+ tradition] perpétuer ; [+ policy] maintenir ; (after interruption) [+ conversation, work] reprendre• to be continued [serial, story] à suivre• I went to my room to continue with my revision je suis allé dans ma chambre pour continuer à réviserb. ( = remain) rester* * *[kən'tɪnjuː] 1.transitive verb1) continuer, poursuivre [career, studies, enquiry, TV series]2) ( resume) continuer‘to be continued’ — ( in film) ‘à suivre’
‘continued overleaf’ — ‘suite page suivante’
‘what's more,’ she continued — ‘de plus,’ reprit-elle
3) continuer, poursuivre [journey]4) ( preserve) maintenir2.1) [noise, debate, strike, film] se poursuivre2) ( keep on) continuer (doing, to do à or de faire)3) [person, route] continuerhe continued across/down the street — il a continué de traverser/descendre la rue
4) (in career, role) rester (in dans)5) ( in speech) poursuivre6)3.to continue with — continuer, poursuivre [task, treatment]
continuing present participle adjective continuel/-elle -
69 environmental
environmental [ɪn‚vaɪərənˈmentl][issues, disaster, problems] écologique ; [impact, effects] sur l'environnement ; [group, movement] écologiste* * *[ɪnˌvaɪərən'mentl]adjective [conditions, changes] du milieu; [concern, issue] lié à l'environnement, écologique; [damage, protection, pollution] de l'environnementenvironmental effect — conséquences fpl sur l'environnement
environmental group — groupe m écologiste
environmental disaster — catastrophe f écologique
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70 fall behind
fall behind [country, student] se laisser distancer; [work, studies] prendre du retardto fall behind with GB ou in US — prendre du retard dans [work, project]; être en retard pour [payments, rent]
fall behind [something/somebody] se laisser devancer par -
71 finish
finish [ˈfɪnɪ∫]1. nounb. [of woodwork] finition f[+ work, meal, supplies] finir• he finished by saying that... il a terminé en disant que...4. compoundsa. [+ work] terminerb. [+ food, meal] finir* * *['fɪnɪʃ] 1.1) ( end) fin fit will be a fight to the finish — fig la partie va être serrée
2) Sport arrivée f3) (surface, aspect) (of clothing, wood, car) finition f; (of fabric, leather) apprêt m2.paint with a matt/silk finish — peinture mate/satinée
transitive verb1) ( complete) finir, terminer [chapter, sentence, task]; terminer, achever [building, novel, sculpture, opera]2) ( leave) finir [work, studies]3) ( consume) finir [cigarette, drink, meal]4) ( put an end to) briser [career]5) (colloq) (exhaust, demoralize) achever (colloq) [person]3.1) ( end) [conference, programme] finir, se terminer; [holidays] se terminer2) ( reach end of race) arriverthe horse/the athlete failed to finish — le cheval/l'athlète n'a pas fini la course
3) ( conclude) [speaker] finir de parler, conclure4) ( leave employment)4.finished past participle adjective1)beautifully finished — [furniture, interior etc] avec des finitions soignées
2) ( accomplished) [performance] accompli3) ( ruined) [person, career] fini, fichu (colloq)•Phrasal Verbs: -
72 general
general [ˈdʒenərəl]1. adjectivea. généralb. ( = unspecific) [answer, discussion, enquiry] d'ordre généralc. ( = approximate) in the general direction of the village dans la direction approximative du village2. noun3. compounds► General Certificate of Secondary Education noun (British) examen passé à 16 ans ≈ brevet m des collèges → GCSE► general practice noun (British = work) médecine f générale ; ( = place) cabinet m de médecine générale• to be in general practice être médecin généraliste ► general practitioner noun (médecin m ) généraliste m* * *['dʒenrəl] 1.1) Military général m2)2.1) ( widespread) gen généralin general use — [word, term] d'usage courant; [equipment] d'utilisation courante
2) ( overall) gen généralthat's the general idea — en gros, c'est ça l'idée
as a general rule — normalement, en règle générale
3) (miscellaneous, not specific) gen général; [promise, assurance] vague4) ( not specialized) [medicine, linguistics] général; [user, reader] moyen/-ennegeneral office duties — travail m de bureau
general assistant — employé/-e m/f de bureau
5) ( normal) général3.in general adverbial phrase ( usually or non-specifically) en général; (overall, mostly) dans l'ensemble -
73 go back
1) ( return) retourner; ( turn back) rebrousser chemin; ( resume work) reprendre le travail; (resume classes, studies) reprendre les coursthere's no going back — fig vous ne pouvez plus reculer
2) ( in time) remonter3) ( revert) revenir (to à) -
74 graduate
( = get diploma) ≈ obtenir sa licence (or son diplôme etc) ; (US) (from high school) ≈ obtenir son baccalauréat3. noun4. adjective[teacher, staff] ≈ diplômé━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✦ Lorsque graduate est un verbe, la fin se prononce comme eight: ˈgrædjʊeɪt ; lorsque c'est un nom ou un adjectif, elle se prononce comme it: ˈgrædjʊɪt.* * *1. ['grædʒʊət]noun University diplômé/-e m/f (in en; of, from de)2. ['grædʒʊət] 3. ['grædjʊˌeɪt]arts graduate — diplômé/-e m/f en lettres
transitive verb1) US ( give degree to) conférer un diplôme à [student]2) Technology graduer [container, scale]4. ['grædjʊˌeɪt]1) University terminer ses études (at ou from à); US School ≈ finir le lycée2) ( progress)5.graduated ['grædjʊˌeɪtɪd] past participle adjective [scale, system, tax] proportionnel/-elle -
75 keep up
1) ( progress at same speed) [car, runner, person] suivre; [competitors] rester à la hauteur2) ( continue) [price] se maintenirkeep [something] up, keep up [something]3) ( cause to remain in position) tenir [trousers]4) ( continue) continuer [attack, studies]; entretenir [correspondence, friendship]; maintenir [membership, tradition]; garder [pace]to keep up the pressure — continuer à faire pression ( for pour obtenir; on sur)
to keep up one's strength/spirits — garder ses forces/le moral
keep [somebody] up [noise, illness] empêcher [quelqu'un] de dormir -
76 language
language [ˈlæŋgwɪdʒ]1. nouna. ( = particular tongue) langue fb. ( = ability to talk) langage mc. ( = specialized terminology) langage m• scientific/legal language langage m scientifique/juridiqued. ( = individual's manner of expression) langage m• (watch your) language! (inf) surveille ton langage !2. compounds[degree, studies, textbooks] de langue ; [department] de langues ; [students] en langues ; [ability] à s'exprimer━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━✎ The English word contains a u whereas the French word langage does not.* * *['læŋgwɪdʒ]formal/legal language — langage formel/juridique
bad ou strong ou foul language — langage grossier
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77 lay aside
lay aside [something], lay [something] aside ( for another activity) poser [book, sewing, toy]; ( after one stage in process) mettre [quelque chose] de côté [part-finished dish, model]; abandonner [studies, cares]; renoncer à [responsibility, principle, doubt] -
78 lure
lure [ljʊər]1. nouna. ( = charm) [of sea, travel] attrait mb. ( = decoy) leurre m* * *[lʊə(r)] 1.1) ( attraction) attrait m (of de)2) ( in hunting) leurre m2. -
79 management
management [ˈmænɪdʒmənt]1. nouna. ( = managing) gestion fb. ( = people in charge) direction f• "under new management" « changement de propriétaire »2. compounds* * *['mænɪdʒmənt] 1.1) ( control) gestion f2) ( managers collectively) direction ftop management — la haute direction, les cadres mpl dirigeants
management and unions — la direction et les syndicats, les partenaires mpl sociaux
2.‘under new management’ — ‘changement de direction’
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80 material
material [məˈtɪərɪəl]1. adjectivea. ( = physical) matériel2. nouna. ( = substance) substance fb. ( = cloth) tissu mc. ( = substances from which product is made) matériau md. ( = necessary tools) matériel mf. ( = sth written, composed) all his material is original tout ce qu'il écrit (or chante etc) est original━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━* * *[mə'tɪərɪəl] 1.1) ( data) documentation f, documents mplteaching material — matériel m pédagogique
reference material — ouvrages mpl de référence
2) ( subject matter) contenu mshe writes all her own material — elle écrit ses textes elle-même; Music elle est auteur-compositeur
4) ( substance) gen matière f, substance f; Construction, Technology matériau mpacking material — matériaux mpl d'emballage
waste material — déchets mpl
5) ( fabric) tissu m, étoffe f6) ( personal potential) étoffe f2.art materials —
artist's materials — fournitures fpl de dessin
3.cleaning materials — produits mpl d'entretien
1) (significant, relevant) [assistance, benefit, change, damage, evidence] matériel/-ielle; [question] important; [fact] pertinent2) ( concrete) [comfort, gains, possessions, success] matériel/-ielle
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