in+physicis+c

* * *

ălĭēnus, a, um [2. alius].

Adj.

In gen., that belongs to another person, place, object, etc., not one's own, another's, of another, foreign, alien (opp. suus): NEVE. ALIENAM. SEGETEM. PELLEXERIS., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, and Serv. ad Verg. E. 8, 99: plus ex alieno jecore sapiunt quam ex suo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 111; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 88, and Lind. ib. 2, 3, 3: quom sciet alienum puerum ( the child of another) tolli pro suo, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 61:

in aedīs inruit Alienas,

id. Ad. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 1, 125:

alienae partes anni,

Lucr. 1, 182; so Verg. G. 2, 149:

pecuniis alienis locupletari,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:

cura rerum alienarum,

id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 2, 23, 83:

alienos mores ad suos referre,

Nep. Epam. 1, 1:

in altissimo gradu alienis opibus poni,

Cic. Sest. 20:

semper regibus aliena virtus formidolosa est,

Sall. C. 7, 2:

amissis bonis alienas opes exspectare,

id. ib. 58. 10 Herz.:

aliena mulier,

another man's wife, Cic. Cael. 37:

mulier alieni viri sermonibus assuefacta,

of another woman's husband, Liv. 1, 46:

virtutem et bonum alienum oderunt,

id. 35, 43:

alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus, alienā memoriā salutamus, alienā operā vivimus,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19:

oportet enim omnia aut ad alienum arbitrium aut ad suum facere,

Plin. Ep. 6, 14; so Suet. Claud. 2:

alienum cursum alienumque rectorem, velut captā nave, sequi,

Plin. Pan. 82, 3; Tac. A. 15, 1 fin.:

pudicitiae neque suae neque alienae pepercit,

Suet. Calig. 36:

epistolas orationesque et edicta alieno formabat ingenio,

i. e. caused to be written by another, id. Dom. 20:

te conjux aliena capit,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 46; 1, 1, 110; so id. ib. 1, 3, 116:

vulnus,

intended for another, Verg. A. 10, 781: aliena [p. 85] cornua, of Actæon transformed into a stag, Ov. M. 3, 139:

alieno Marte pugnabant, sc. equites,

i. e. without horses, as footmen, Liv. 3, 62: aes alienum, lit. another's money; hence, in reference to him who has it, a debt; cf. aes. So also:

aliena nomina,

debts in others' names, debts contracted by others, Sall. C. 35, 3.—

Esp.

In reference to relationship or friendship, not belonging to one, alien from, not related or allied, not friendly, inimical, strange, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 43:

alienus est ab nostrā familiā,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 28; id. Heaut. 5, 4, 6 Ruhnk.:

multi ex finibus suis egressi se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt,

to utter strangers, Caes. B. G. 6, 31:

non alienus sanguine regibus,

Liv. 29, 29; Vell. 2, 76.—

Hence alienus and propinquus are antith.,

Cic. Lael. 5, 19:

ut neque amicis neque etiam alienioribus desim,

id. Fam. 1, 9 Manut.:

ut tuum factum alieni hominis, meum vero conjunctissimi et amicissimi esse videatur,

id. ib. 3, 6.—

Trop.: alienum esse in or ab aliquā re, to be a stranger to a thing, i. e. not to be versed in or familiar with, not to understand:

in physicis Epicurus totus est alienus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17:

homo non alienus a litteris,

not a stranger to, not unversed in, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26.—

Foreign to a thing, i. e. not suited to it, unsuitable, incongruous, inadequate, inconsistent, unseasonable, inapposite, different from (opp. aptus); constr. with gen., dat., abl., and ab; cf. Burm. ad Ov. F. 1, 4; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5; Spald. ad Quint. 6, 3, 33; Zumpt, Gr. § 384.

With gen.:

pacis (deorum),

Lucr. 6, 69:

salutis,

id. 3, 832:

aliarum rerum,

id. 6, 1064:

dignitatis alicujus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 11:

neque aliena consili (sc. domus D. Bruti),

convenient for consultation, Sall. C. 40, 5 Kritz al.—

With dat.:

quod illi causae maxime est alienum,

Cic. Caecin. 9, 24: arti oratoriae, Quint. prooem. 5; 4, 2, 62; Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.—

With abl.:

neque hoc dii alienum ducunt majestate suā,

Cic. Div. 1, 38, 83:

homine alienissimum,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

dignitate imperii,

id. Prov. Cons. 8, 18:

amicitiā,

id. Fam. 11, 27:

existimatione meā,

id. Att. 6, 1:

domus magis his aliena malis,

farther from, Hor. S. 1, 9, 50:

loco, tempore,

Quint. 6, 3, 33.—

With ab:

alienum a vitā meā,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 21: a dignitate rei publicae, Tib. Gracch. ap. Gell. 7, 19, 7:

a sapiente,

Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

a dignitate,

id. Fam. 4, 7:

navigationis labor alienus non ab aetate solum nostrā, verum etiam a dignitate,

id. Att. 16, 3.—

With inf. or clause as subject:

nec aptius est quidquam ad opes tuendas quam diligi, nec alienius quam timeri,

Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23:

non alienum videtur, quale praemium Miltiadi sit tributum, docere,

Nep. Milt. 6, 1.—

Averse, hostile, unfriendly, unfavorable to:

illum alieno animo a nobis esse res ipsa indicat,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 40; Cic. Deiot. 9, 24:

a Pyrrho non nimis alienos animos habemus,

id. Lael. 8 fin.:

sin a me est alienior,

id. Fam. 2, 17:

ex alienissimis amicissimos reddere,

id. ib. 15, 4 al.:

Muciani animus nec Vespasiano alienus,

Tac. H. 2, 74.—Rar. transf. to things; as in the histt., alienus locus, a place or ground unfavorable for an engagement, disadvantageous (opp. suus or opportunus; cf.

Gron. Obs. 4, 17, 275): alieno loco proelium committunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

alienissimo sibi loco contra opportunissimo hostibus conflixit,

Nep. Them. 4, 5 Brem.—So of time unfitting, inconvenient, unfavorable, Varr. R. R. 3, 16:

ad judicium corrumpendum tempus alienum,

Cic. Verr. 1, 5; id. Caecin. 67:

vir egregius alienissimo rei publicae tempore exstinctus,

id. Brut. 1; id. Fam. 15, 14.—Of other things: alienum ( dangerous, perilous, hurtful) suis rationibus, Sall. C. 56, 5; Cels. 4, 5.—

In medic. lang.

Of the body, dead, corrupted, paralyzed (cf. alieno, II. B. 2.), Scrib. Comp. 201.—

Of the mind, insane, mad (cf. alieno and alienatio):

Neque solum illis aliena mens erat, qui conscii conjurationis fuerant,

Sall. C. 37, 1 Herz.—

Subst.

ălĭēnus, i, m., a stranger.

One not belonging to one's house, family, or country:

apud me cenant alieni novem,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 21:

ut non ejectus ad alienos, sed invitatus ad tuos īsse videaris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23:

quas copias proximis suppeditari aequius est, eas transferunt ad alienos,

id. Off. 1, 14: cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni, id. Am. 5, 19:

quasi ad alienos durius loquebatur,

Vulg. Gen. 42, 7:

a filiis suis an ab alienis?

ib. Matt. 17, 24:

cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni,

Cic. Lael. 5:

quod alieno testimonium redderem, in eo non fraudabo avum meum,

Vell. 2, 76.—

One not related to a person or thing:

in longinquos, in propinquos, in alienos, in suos irruebat,

Cic. Mil. 28, 76:

vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, naturae benignitatem miretur,

Col. 3, 21, 3.—

ălĭēnum, i, n., the property of a stranger:

Haec erunt vilici officia: alieno manum abstineant, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 5, 1:

alieno abstinuit,

Suet. Tit. 7:

ex alieno largiri,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; so,

de alieno largiri,

Just. 36, 3, 9:

alieni appetens, sui profugus,

Sall. C. 5; Liv. 5, 5:

in aliena aedificium exstruere,

Cic. Mil. 27, 74 (cf.:

in alieno solo aedificare,

Dig. 41, 1, 7).— Plur.,

The property of a stranger:

quid est aliud aliis sua eripere, aliis dare aliena?

Cic. Off. 2, 23; Liv. 30, 30: aliena pervadere, a foreign (in opp. to the Roman) province, Amm. 23, 1.—

The affairs or interests of strangers: Men. Chreme, tantumue ab re tuast oti tibi, aliena ut cures, ea, quae nihil ad te attinent. Chrem. Homo sum;

humani nihil a me alienum puto,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 23:

aliena ut melius videant quam sua,

id. ib. 3, 1, 95.—

Things strange, foreign, not belonging to the matter in hand:

Quod si hominibus bonarum rerum tanta cura esset, quanto studio aliena ac nihil profutura multumque etiam periculosa petunt, etc.,

Sall. J. 1, 5; hence, aliena loqui, to talk strangely, wildly, like a crazy person:

Quin etiam, sic me dicunt aliena locutum, Ut foret amenti nomen in ore tuum,

Ov. Tr. 3, 19:

interdum in accessione aegros desipere et aliena loqui,

Cels. 3, 18 (v. alieniloquium).

► Comp. rare, but sup. very freq.; no adv. in use.

ălĭēnus, a, um [2. alius].

Adj.

In gen., that belongs to another person, place, object, etc., not one's own, another's, of another, foreign, alien (opp. suus): NEVE. ALIENAM. SEGETEM. PELLEXERIS., Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 28, 2, and Serv. ad Verg. E. 8, 99: plus ex alieno jecore sapiunt quam ex suo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57; Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 111; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 88, and Lind. ib. 2, 3, 3: quom sciet alienum puerum ( the child of another) tolli pro suo, Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 61:

in aedīs inruit Alienas,

id. Ad. 1, 2, 9; id. And. 1, 1, 125:

alienae partes anni,

Lucr. 1, 182; so Verg. G. 2, 149:

pecuniis alienis locupletari,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137:

cura rerum alienarum,

id. Off. 1, 9, 30; 2, 23, 83:

alienos mores ad suos referre,

Nep. Epam. 1, 1:

in altissimo gradu alienis opibus poni,

Cic. Sest. 20:

semper regibus aliena virtus formidolosa est,

Sall. C. 7, 2:

amissis bonis alienas opes exspectare,

id. ib. 58. 10 Herz.:

aliena mulier,

another man's wife, Cic. Cael. 37:

mulier alieni viri sermonibus assuefacta,

of another woman's husband, Liv. 1, 46:

virtutem et bonum alienum oderunt,

id. 35, 43:

alienis pedibus ambulamus, alienis oculis agnoscimus, alienā memoriā salutamus, alienā operā vivimus,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 19:

oportet enim omnia aut ad alienum arbitrium aut ad suum facere,

Plin. Ep. 6, 14; so Suet. Claud. 2:

alienum cursum alienumque rectorem, velut captā nave, sequi,

Plin. Pan. 82, 3; Tac. A. 15, 1 fin.:

pudicitiae neque suae neque alienae pepercit,

Suet. Calig. 36:

epistolas orationesque et edicta alieno formabat ingenio,

i. e. caused to be written by another, id. Dom. 20:

te conjux aliena capit,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 46; 1, 1, 110; so id. ib. 1, 3, 116:

vulnus,

intended for another, Verg. A. 10, 781: aliena [p. 85] cornua, of Actæon transformed into a stag, Ov. M. 3, 139:

alieno Marte pugnabant, sc. equites,

i. e. without horses, as footmen, Liv. 3, 62: aes alienum, lit. another's money; hence, in reference to him who has it, a debt; cf. aes. So also:

aliena nomina,

debts in others' names, debts contracted by others, Sall. C. 35, 3.—

Esp.

In reference to relationship or friendship, not belonging to one, alien from, not related or allied, not friendly, inimical, strange, Plaut. Capt. 1, 2, 43:

alienus est ab nostrā familiā,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 28; id. Heaut. 5, 4, 6 Ruhnk.:

multi ex finibus suis egressi se suaque omnia alienissimis crediderunt,

to utter strangers, Caes. B. G. 6, 31:

non alienus sanguine regibus,

Liv. 29, 29; Vell. 2, 76.—

Hence alienus and propinquus are antith.,

Cic. Lael. 5, 19:

ut neque amicis neque etiam alienioribus desim,

id. Fam. 1, 9 Manut.:

ut tuum factum alieni hominis, meum vero conjunctissimi et amicissimi esse videatur,

id. ib. 3, 6.—

Trop.: alienum esse in or ab aliquā re, to be a stranger to a thing, i. e. not to be versed in or familiar with, not to understand:

in physicis Epicurus totus est alienus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 6, 17:

homo non alienus a litteris,

not a stranger to, not unversed in, id. Verr. 2, 2, 26.—

Foreign to a thing, i. e. not suited to it, unsuitable, incongruous, inadequate, inconsistent, unseasonable, inapposite, different from (opp. aptus); constr. with gen., dat., abl., and ab; cf. Burm. ad Ov. F. 1, 4; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 14, 5; Spald. ad Quint. 6, 3, 33; Zumpt, Gr. § 384.

With gen.:

pacis (deorum),

Lucr. 6, 69:

salutis,

id. 3, 832:

aliarum rerum,

id. 6, 1064:

dignitatis alicujus,

Cic. Fin. 1, 4, 11:

neque aliena consili (sc. domus D. Bruti),

convenient for consultation, Sall. C. 40, 5 Kritz al.—

With dat.:

quod illi causae maxime est alienum,

Cic. Caecin. 9, 24: arti oratoriae, Quint. prooem. 5; 4, 2, 62; Sen. Q. N. 4 praef.—

With abl.:

neque hoc dii alienum ducunt majestate suā,

Cic. Div. 1, 38, 83:

homine alienissimum,

id. Off. 1, 13, 41:

dignitate imperii,

id. Prov. Cons. 8, 18:

amicitiā,

id. Fam. 11, 27:

existimatione meā,

id. Att. 6, 1:

domus magis his aliena malis,

farther from, Hor. S. 1, 9, 50:

loco, tempore,

Quint. 6, 3, 33.—

With ab:

alienum a vitā meā,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 21: a dignitate rei publicae, Tib. Gracch. ap. Gell. 7, 19, 7:

a sapiente,

Cic. Ac. 2, 43, 132:

a dignitate,

id. Fam. 4, 7:

navigationis labor alienus non ab aetate solum nostrā, verum etiam a dignitate,

id. Att. 16, 3.—

With inf. or clause as subject:

nec aptius est quidquam ad opes tuendas quam diligi, nec alienius quam timeri,

Cic. Off. 2, 7, 23:

non alienum videtur, quale praemium Miltiadi sit tributum, docere,

Nep. Milt. 6, 1.—

Averse, hostile, unfriendly, unfavorable to:

illum alieno animo a nobis esse res ipsa indicat,

Ter. Ad. 3, 2, 40; Cic. Deiot. 9, 24:

a Pyrrho non nimis alienos animos habemus,

id. Lael. 8 fin.:

sin a me est alienior,

id. Fam. 2, 17:

ex alienissimis amicissimos reddere,

id. ib. 15, 4 al.:

Muciani animus nec Vespasiano alienus,

Tac. H. 2, 74.—Rar. transf. to things; as in the histt., alienus locus, a place or ground unfavorable for an engagement, disadvantageous (opp. suus or opportunus; cf.

Gron. Obs. 4, 17, 275): alieno loco proelium committunt,

Caes. B. G. 1, 15:

alienissimo sibi loco contra opportunissimo hostibus conflixit,

Nep. Them. 4, 5 Brem.—So of time unfitting, inconvenient, unfavorable, Varr. R. R. 3, 16:

ad judicium corrumpendum tempus alienum,

Cic. Verr. 1, 5; id. Caecin. 67:

vir egregius alienissimo rei publicae tempore exstinctus,

id. Brut. 1; id. Fam. 15, 14.—Of other things: alienum ( dangerous, perilous, hurtful) suis rationibus, Sall. C. 56, 5; Cels. 4, 5.—

In medic. lang.

Of the body, dead, corrupted, paralyzed (cf. alieno, II. B. 2.), Scrib. Comp. 201.—

Of the mind, insane, mad (cf. alieno and alienatio):

Neque solum illis aliena mens erat, qui conscii conjurationis fuerant,

Sall. C. 37, 1 Herz.—

Subst.

ălĭēnus, i, m., a stranger.

One not belonging to one's house, family, or country:

apud me cenant alieni novem,

Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 21:

ut non ejectus ad alienos, sed invitatus ad tuos īsse videaris,

Cic. Cat. 1, 9, 23:

quas copias proximis suppeditari aequius est, eas transferunt ad alienos,

id. Off. 1, 14: cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni, id. Am. 5, 19:

quasi ad alienos durius loquebatur,

Vulg. Gen. 42, 7:

a filiis suis an ab alienis?

ib. Matt. 17, 24:

cives potiores quam peregrini, propinqui quam alieni,

Cic. Lael. 5:

quod alieno testimonium redderem, in eo non fraudabo avum meum,

Vell. 2, 76.—

One not related to a person or thing:

in longinquos, in propinquos, in alienos, in suos irruebat,

Cic. Mil. 28, 76:

vel alienissimus rusticae vitae, naturae benignitatem miretur,

Col. 3, 21, 3.—

ălĭēnum, i, n., the property of a stranger:

Haec erunt vilici officia: alieno manum abstineant, etc.,

Cato, R. R. 5, 1:

alieno abstinuit,

Suet. Tit. 7:

ex alieno largiri,

Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 8; so,

de alieno largiri,

Just. 36, 3, 9:

alieni appetens, sui profugus,

Sall. C. 5; Liv. 5, 5:

in aliena aedificium exstruere,

Cic. Mil. 27, 74 (cf.:

in alieno solo aedificare,

Dig. 41, 1, 7).— Plur.,

The property of a stranger:

quid est aliud aliis sua eripere, aliis dare aliena?

Cic. Off. 2, 23; Liv. 30, 30: aliena pervadere, a foreign (in opp. to the Roman) province, Amm. 23, 1.—

The affairs or interests of strangers: Men. Chreme, tantumue ab re tuast oti tibi, aliena ut cures, ea, quae nihil ad te attinent. Chrem. Homo sum;

humani nihil a me alienum puto,

Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 23:

aliena ut melius videant quam sua,

id. ib. 3, 1, 95.—

Things strange, foreign, not belonging to the matter in hand:

Quod si hominibus bonarum rerum tanta cura esset, quanto studio aliena ac nihil profutura multumque etiam periculosa petunt, etc.,

Sall. J. 1, 5; hence, aliena loqui, to talk strangely, wildly, like a crazy person:

Quin etiam, sic me dicunt aliena locutum, Ut foret amenti nomen in ore tuum,

Ov. Tr. 3, 19:

interdum in accessione aegros desipere et aliena loqui,

Cels. 3, 18 (v. alieniloquium).

► Comp. rare, but sup. very freq.; no adv. in use.

physĭcus (scanned physĭcus, Sid. Carm. 15, 101), a, um, adj., = phusikos, of or belonging to natural philosophy or physics, natural, physical:

quiddam physicum,

something relating to physics, Cic. Div. 2, 59, 122:

ratio,

id. N. D. 2, 21, 54:

homines,

naturalists, Marc. Emp. Carm. Med. 19.—

Subst.

physĭcus, i, m., a natural philosopher, naturalist:

ut ait physicus Anaxagoras,

Varr. R. R. 1, 40:

Democritus,

id. ib. 1, 1, 8:

non pudet igitur physicum, id est speculatorem venatoremque naturae, petere, etc.,

Cic. N. D. 1, 30, 83; id. Rep. 5, 3, 5.— Plur., Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 42; id. Ac. 2, 5, 14.—

physĭca, ōrum, n., physics:

physicorum ignarus,

Cic. Or. 34, 119:

in physicis alienus,

not versed in, id. Fin. 1, 6, 17.—Hence, adv.: physĭcē, in the manner of naturalists, physically:

dicere,

Cic. N. D. 3, 7, 18.

plumbĕus, a, um, adj. [plumbum], of or belonging to lead, made of lead, leaden, lead-.

Lit.:

plumbea glans,

Lucr. 6, 306:

pistillum,

Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 169:

vas,

id. 33, 6, 35, § 109: ictus, blows given with a scourge to which a leaden ball is attached, Prud. steph. 10, 122.—Subst.

plum-bĕum, i, n., a leaden vessel, Cato, R. R. 105:

Nicerotiana,

Mart. 6, 55, 3.—

plum-bĕa, ae, f., a leaden ball:

ut mortuus ictu plumbeae crederetur,

Spart. Sever. 11, 2. —

Transf.

Leaden, blunt, dull (class.):

plumbeo gladio jugulatus,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2:

o plumbeum pugionem!

id. Fin. 4, 18, 48.—

Leaden, bad, vile, poor, worthless ( poet.):

nummus,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 40; id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: faber, qui cudere soles plumbeos nummos, to coin leaden money, i. e. bad jokes, id. Most. 4, 2, 11; so, plumbei, as subst. (sc. nummi), Mart. 10, 74, 4:

vina,

Mart. 10, 49, 5:

mala,

id. 10, 94, 4:

carmina,

Aus. Ep. 6, 1.—

Leaden, i. e. heavy, oppressive, burdensome ( poet.):

nec plumbeus Auster Auctumnusque gravis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 18.—

Trop.

Leaden, i. e. heavy, weighty (ante-class.):

si quid peccatum est, plumbeas iras gerunt,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 16.—

Leaden, dull, stupid, stolid (class.):

caudex, stipes, asinus, plumbeus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4:

nisi plane in physicis plumbei sumus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71: cor, without feeling, Licin. ap. Suet. Ner. 2.

plumbĕus, a, um, adj. [plumbum], of or belonging to lead, made of lead, leaden, lead-.

Lit.:

plumbea glans,

Lucr. 6, 306:

pistillum,

Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 169:

vas,

id. 33, 6, 35, § 109: ictus, blows given with a scourge to which a leaden ball is attached, Prud. steph. 10, 122.—Subst.

plum-bĕum, i, n., a leaden vessel, Cato, R. R. 105:

Nicerotiana,

Mart. 6, 55, 3.—

plum-bĕa, ae, f., a leaden ball:

ut mortuus ictu plumbeae crederetur,

Spart. Sever. 11, 2. —

Transf.

Leaden, blunt, dull (class.):

plumbeo gladio jugulatus,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2:

o plumbeum pugionem!

id. Fin. 4, 18, 48.—

Leaden, bad, vile, poor, worthless ( poet.):

nummus,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 40; id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: faber, qui cudere soles plumbeos nummos, to coin leaden money, i. e. bad jokes, id. Most. 4, 2, 11; so, plumbei, as subst. (sc. nummi), Mart. 10, 74, 4:

vina,

Mart. 10, 49, 5:

mala,

id. 10, 94, 4:

carmina,

Aus. Ep. 6, 1.—

Leaden, i. e. heavy, oppressive, burdensome ( poet.):

nec plumbeus Auster Auctumnusque gravis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 18.—

Trop.

Leaden, i. e. heavy, weighty (ante-class.):

si quid peccatum est, plumbeas iras gerunt,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 16.—

Leaden, dull, stupid, stolid (class.):

caudex, stipes, asinus, plumbeus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4:

nisi plane in physicis plumbei sumus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71: cor, without feeling, Licin. ap. Suet. Ner. 2.

plumbĕus, a, um, adj. [plumbum], of or belonging to lead, made of lead, leaden, lead-.

Lit.:

plumbea glans,

Lucr. 6, 306:

pistillum,

Plin. 34, 18, 50, § 169:

vas,

id. 33, 6, 35, § 109: ictus, blows given with a scourge to which a leaden ball is attached, Prud. steph. 10, 122.—Subst.

plum-bĕum, i, n., a leaden vessel, Cato, R. R. 105:

Nicerotiana,

Mart. 6, 55, 3.—

plum-bĕa, ae, f., a leaden ball:

ut mortuus ictu plumbeae crederetur,

Spart. Sever. 11, 2. —

Transf.

Leaden, blunt, dull (class.):

plumbeo gladio jugulatus,

Cic. Att. 1, 16, 2:

o plumbeum pugionem!

id. Fin. 4, 18, 48.—

Leaden, bad, vile, poor, worthless ( poet.):

nummus,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 3, 40; id. Trin. 4, 2, 120: faber, qui cudere soles plumbeos nummos, to coin leaden money, i. e. bad jokes, id. Most. 4, 2, 11; so, plumbei, as subst. (sc. nummi), Mart. 10, 74, 4:

vina,

Mart. 10, 49, 5:

mala,

id. 10, 94, 4:

carmina,

Aus. Ep. 6, 1.—

Leaden, i. e. heavy, oppressive, burdensome ( poet.):

nec plumbeus Auster Auctumnusque gravis,

Hor. S. 2, 6, 18.—

Trop.

Leaden, i. e. heavy, weighty (ante-class.):

si quid peccatum est, plumbeas iras gerunt,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 6, 16.—

Leaden, dull, stupid, stolid (class.):

caudex, stipes, asinus, plumbeus,

Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 4:

nisi plane in physicis plumbei sumus,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 71: cor, without feeling, Licin. ap. Suet. Ner. 2.

quam (archaic form quamde or quande:

quamde pro quam usos esse antiquos, cum multi veteres testimonio sunt, tum Ennius... et Lucretius (1, 640),

Fest. p. 261 Müll.; cf. Enn. Ann. v. 29, and v. 139 Vahl. So, too, Naev. ap. Fest. s. v. topper, p. 352 Müll.), adv. [qui], in what manner, how, how much, as much as:

quam nihil praetermittis in consilio dando! quam nihil tamen, quod tibi placeat, explicas!

Cic. Att. 9, 2, A, 1:

ut se accusari nolunt! quam cupiunt laudari!

id. Fin. 5, 22, 61:

quam multa, quam paucis!

id. Fam. 11, 24, 1:

quam sint morosi, intellegi potest,

id. ib. 7, 15, 1:

quam vellet, cunctaretur,

id. Div. 1, 26, 56:

memoriā tenetis, quam valde universi admurmurarint,

id. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41:

quam quisque potest,

as much as each one can, Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 75:

quam potuit,

as far as he was able, Val. Max. 4, 1, 5.—With possum and a sup.:

concede huc ab isto, quam potest longissime,

as far as possible, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 81:

quam possunt mollissime,

as gently as possible, Cic. N. D. 2, 52, 129.—Also without possum:

quam maximas, quam primum, quam saepissime gratias agere,

Cic. Fam. 13, 6, 5:

ut quam angustissime Pompeium contineret,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45.— With posit. (post-Aug.):

tum Manlius... quam poterat clarā voce denuntiavit,

Val. Max. 6, 4, 1; 3, 2, 1 ext.; 4, 5, 1:

dixi de philosophiā quam breviter potui,

Lact. 3, 17, 1:

tusa cribrataque vino, quam possit excellenti,

as excellent as possible, Plin. 20, 24, 100, § 264; 18, 28, 68, § 274.—

In dependent clauses, indirect questions, etc.:

est fidei nostrae, declarare, quam memores simus,

Cic. Phil. 14, 11, 29:

scio, quam timida sit ambitio,

id. Mil. 16, 42:

quam id ratum sit, tu judicabis,

id. Att. 6, 1, 7:

id quam injustum esset, non videbat,

id. Off. 3, 21, 82:

dici non potest quam sim disputatione tuā delectatus,

id. Tusc. 2, 4, 10; id. N. D. 2, 20, 52; id. Ac. 2, 17, 52; id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; 1, 20, 65; 5, 12, 35; id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 47; 2, 1, 21, § 52; 2, 4, 44, § 98:

videte quam iniqui sint,

Sall. J. 85, 25; 62, 9:

ut sentias quam vile sit corpus,

Liv. 2, 12, 3; 24, 5, 2; Nep. Timoth. 4, 2.—

In partic.

In comparisons, as, than.

With tam:

tam ego ante fui liber, quam gnatus tuos,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 60; cf. id. ib. 3, 4, 11:

si era me sciat tam socordem esse quam sum,

id. Cist. 4, 2, 5:

tua est imago: tam consimilis est, quam potest,

id. Men. 5, 9, 4:

tam esse clemens tyrannus quam rex importunus potest,

Cic. Rep. 1, 33, 50; id. Div. 1, 6, 10 et saep.; v. tam.—

With ellipsis of corresp. tam:

homo non, quam isti sunt, gloriosus,

not so celebrated as those, Liv. 35, 49:

claris majoribus, quam vetustis,

rather than, Tac. A. 4, 61.—

With sup. and a corresp. tam, by how much the more, the more: quam acerbissima olea oleum facies, tam oleum optimum erit, the bitterer the olives, the better will be the oil, Cato, R. R. 65, 1:

quam paucissimos reliqueris, tam optimi fiunt,

Varr. R. R. 2, 9:

quam quisque pessume fecit, tam maxume tutus est,

Sall. J. 31, 14.—

With magis:

quam magis... tam magis,

the more... the more, Plaut. Bacch. 5, 1, 5.—With tam omitted:

quam magis exhausto spumaverit ubere mulctra, Laeta magis pressis manabunt flumina mammis,

Verg. G. 3, 309.— With the second magis omitted:

quam magis te in altum capessis, tam aestus te in portum refert,

Plaut. As. 1, 3, 6.—

In the reverse order: tam magis... quam magis,

the more... the more, Verg. A. 7, 787. —

With tanto:

quam magis... tanto magis,

the more... the more, Plaut. Men. 1, 1, 19; so Lucr. 6, 460.—

With a double comp.:

ne libentius haec in illum evomere videar, quam verius,

with more freedom than truth, Cic. Mil. 29, 78:

non acrior quam pertinacior impetus Romanorum,

Liv. 31, 35:

discrimen me occupavit, meliore hostium quam meo tempore,

Curt. 7, 7, 9.—

Tam... quam, with the comp. for the posit., so... as:

per dexteram te istam oro non tam in bellis et proeliis, quam in promissis et fide firmiorem,

Cic. Deiot. 3, 8.—

After comparatives or words of comparison, than:

nobis nihil est tlmendum magis quam ille consul,

Cic. Att. 7, 9, 3:

his igitur, quam physicis potius credendum existimas?

id. Div. 2, 16, 37; Cassius ap. Cic. Fam. 15, 19, 1; Cic. Pis. 26, 62:

majorem pecuniam praetori polliceri, quam quantam hic dedisset,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 29, § 70; id. de Or. 1, 36, 167:

qui plures milites eorum occidisset, quam quot superessent,

Liv. 35, 12.—So after verbs which imply comparison, verbs of preference, excellence, etc.; after praestat, Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 4; after malo:

esse quam videri bonus malebat,

Sall. C. 54, 5:

an est quod ego malim quam?

Cic. Par. 1; after statuo, Nep. Dat. 8, 1; after probo, Tac. A. 1, 58; after volo ( = boulomai ê), Liv. 3, 68, 11; 25, 29, 6.— Rarely quantus is used to strengthen quam, after comp.:

de re majore quam quanta ea esset,

Liv. 30, 23, 2:

implere homines certioris spei, quam quantam fides promissi humani subicere solet,

id. 26, 19, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.;

22, 2, 19.— But quam is often omitted after plus, minus, amplius, etc., without changing the case: minus duo milia hominum effugerunt,

Liv. 24, 16, 4:

plus partem dimidiam hominum caesam,

id. 36, 40, 5; cf. id. 29, 25, 2:

cum decem haud plus milibus militum,

id. 28, 1, 5:

ut hoc nostrum desiderium ne plus sit annuum,

Cic. Att. 5, 1, 1:

ferre plus dimidiati mensis cibaria,

id. Tusc. 2, 16, 37:

plus quingentos colaphos infregit mihi,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 45; Prop. 2, 19, 18 (3, 17, 32); v. Zumpt, Gram. § 485.—

With sic ( poet.):

quam multā grandine nimbi Culminibus crepitant, sic densis ictibus heros pulsat, etc.,

Verg. A. 5, 458.— With sic omitted, Verg. A. 6, 309 sqq.—

After aeque, so much... as:

nihil aeque eos terruit, quam robur ac color imperatoris,

Liv. 28, 26.—

After contra, otherwise... than, not so... as:

contra faciunt, quam professi sunt,

Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11.— So after secus:

ne me secus honore honestes quam ego te,

Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 50. —

After alius, with a preceding negative, not otherwise than, no other than:

nil aliud agens quam ut, etc.,

nothing else than, Liv. 44, 27, 12:

neque aliud totā urbe agi quam bellum apparari,

id. 4, 26, 12; Nep. Hann. 10, 1:

ob nullam aliam causam, quam ne,

from no other cause than, Liv. 45, 25; 34, 2, 12. — Rarely with alius affirmatively (for ac):

ipse me paulum in aliā quam prius habuerim opinione nunc esse confiteor,

Quint. 3, 6, 63. —

After aliter, otherwise than:

ne aliter, quam ego velim, meum laudet ingenium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 9, § 24:

ne aliter quam si, etc.,

Col. 4, 2, 2.—

After supra:

saepe supra feret, quam fieri possit,

more than, Cic. Or. 40, 139.—

After ultra:

ultra, quam satis est, producitur,

farther than, Cic. Inv. 1, 18, 26.—

After diversum, otherwise than:

pransus quoque atque potus diversum valent quam indicant,

something altogether different from what, Quint. 1, 4, 29; cf., after advorsum, only Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 139 Brix ad loc.—

After words denoting number or quantity, which serve for comparison: dimidium tributi quam quod regibus ferre soliti erant, populo Romano pendere, the half of what, half as much as, Liv. 45, 18:

multiplex, quam pro numero, damnum est,

too great for, greater than, id. 7, 8:

ferramenta duplicia, quam numerus servorum exigit,

twice as many as, Col. 1, 8, 8.—So, too, after designations of time:

die vigesimā, quam creatus erat, dictaturā se abdicavit,

on the twentieth day after, Liv. 6, 29: tabellarii venerunt post diem sextum, quam a vobis discesserant, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21, 1:

postridie venissemus, quam... fuissemus,

Cic. Ac. 2, 3, 9:

postero die quam illa erant acta,

id. de Or. 2, 3, 12:

saeculis multis ante... inventa sunt, quam, etc.,

id. ib. 2, 5, 21. —

After the sup.:

bellum gerere cum tyranno, quam qui unquam, saevissimo et violentissimo in suos,

the most cruel that ever was, Liv. 34, 32.—

So with rel. and sup. after tam:

tam gratum mihi id erit, quam quod gratissimum,

Cic. Fam. 13, 3:

tam sum amicus rei publicae quam qui maxime,

id. ib. 5, 2, 6:

ego sum tam mitis, quam qui lenissimus,

id. Sull. 31, 87.—

Sometimes with magis or potius to be supplied, more... than:

tacita mulier semper, quam loquens,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 70 dub.:

pacem quam bellum probabam,

Tac. A. 1, 58. —

In mere intensive expressions, exceedingly, very, quite, indeed:

admodum quam saevos est,

very cruel indeed, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 43:

nimis quam formido, ne, etc.,

id. Most. 2, 2, 79:

nimis quam cupio,

id. Capt. 1, 2, 17:

quam familiariter,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 109: nam suos valde quam paucos habet, very few indeed, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, 3:

mire quam,

Cic. Att. 1, 11, 3:

sane quam refrixit,

id. Q. Fr. 2, 6, 5.