in+any+place

claustra ( clostra, Cato, R. R. 13, 3; 135, 2), ōrum, n. (in sing.: claustrum, i, rare, Caes. Germ. Arat. 197; Curt. 4, 5, 21; 7, 6, 13; Petr. 89, 2, 7; Gell. 14, 6, 3; Luc. 10, 509; App. M. 4, 10, p. 146 fin.; Amm. 23, 4, 6; 26, 8, 8: clostrum, Sen. Ben. 7, 21, 2) [clausum, claudo], that by which any thing is shut up or closed, a lock, bar, bolt.

Prop.: claves, claustra, Varr. ap. Non. p. 545, 12:

claustra revellere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 5, 21, 10: januae pandere, * Cat. 61, 76:

laxare,

Verg. A. 2, 259:

relaxare,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 17:

rumpere,

Verg. A. 9, 758:

diu claustris retentae ferae,

Liv. 42, 59, 2:

ferae claustris fractae,

Plin. Pan. 81, 3:

claustra pati,

to submit to confinement, Col. 8, 17, 8:

discutere,

Petr. 11, 2:

reserare,

Sil. 7, 334:

portarum ingentia claustra,

Verg. A. 7, 185; Val. Fl. 3, 53:

ferrea,

Mart. 10, 28, 8:

sub signo claustrisque rei publicae positum vectigal,

Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 21. —

Trop., a bar, band, barrier, bounds:

arta portarum naturae effringere,

i. e. to disclose its secrets, Lucr. 1, 72; cf.:

tua claustra fregerunt tui versus,

i. e. have become known, public, Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 3:

pudoris et reverentiae refringere,

id. ib. 2, 14, 4:

vitaï claustra resolvere,

to loose the bands of life, Lucr. 1, 416; 3, 397; 6, 1152:

temporum,

Vell. 1, 17, 4:

(animus) amat spatiis obstantia rumpere claustra (the figure drawn from the bounds of a racecourse),

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 9.—

In a more extended sense, a door or gate that shuts up any place, a dam, dike; meton., a place that is shut up:

urbis relinquant,

Ov. M. 4, 86; cf.

Thebarum,

Stat. Th. 10, 474.—Of sunken ships, closing a port, Liv. 37, 14, 7; cf.:

ubi demersis navibus frenassent claustra maris,

id. 37, 15, 1:

maris,

i.e. a harbor, haven, Sil. 12, 442:

undae,

a dam, id. 5, 44; cf.:

Lucrino addita,

Verg. G. 2, 161; cf. id. A. 1, 56:

Daedalea,

i. e. the Labyrinth, Sen. Hippol. 1166 al. —

In milit. lang., a barricade, bulwark, key, defence, fortress, wall, bank, etc., for warding off an enemy:

claustra loci,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 84:

Corinthus in faucibus Graeciae, sic ut terra claustra locorum teneret,

id. Agr. 2, 32, 87:

Sutrium, quae urbs socia Romanis velut claustra Etruriae erat,

Liv. 9, 32. 1:

Aegypti,

id. 45, 11, 5; Tac. H. 2, 82; Suet. Vesp. 7:

tutissima praebet,

Liv. 42. 67, 6; cf. id. 6, 9, 4; 44, 7, 9; Tac. A. 2, 61 al.:

montium,

id. H. 3, 2:

Caspiarum,

id. ib. 1, 6:

maris,

id. ib. 3, 43; cf. Sil. 12, 442; Tac. A. 2, 59: suis claustris ( walls, intrenchments) impeditos turbant, id. ib. 12, 31; cf. id. ib. 4, 49:

regni claustra Philae,

Luc. 10, 312:

Africae,

Flor. 4, 2, 70.—

Trop.:

cum ego claustra ista nobilitatis refregissem, ut aditus ad consulatum pateret,

Cic. Mur. 8, 17:

annonae Aegyptus,

Tac. H. 3, 8.

claustra ( clostra, Cato, R. R. 13, 3; 135, 2), ōrum, n. (in sing.: claustrum, i, rare, Caes. Germ. Arat. 197; Curt. 4, 5, 21; 7, 6, 13; Petr. 89, 2, 7; Gell. 14, 6, 3; Luc. 10, 509; App. M. 4, 10, p. 146 fin.; Amm. 23, 4, 6; 26, 8, 8: clostrum, Sen. Ben. 7, 21, 2) [clausum, claudo], that by which any thing is shut up or closed, a lock, bar, bolt.

Prop.: claves, claustra, Varr. ap. Non. p. 545, 12:

claustra revellere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 23, § 52; Liv. 5, 21, 10: januae pandere, * Cat. 61, 76:

laxare,

Verg. A. 2, 259:

relaxare,

Ov. Am. 1, 6, 17:

rumpere,

Verg. A. 9, 758:

diu claustris retentae ferae,

Liv. 42, 59, 2:

ferae claustris fractae,

Plin. Pan. 81, 3:

claustra pati,

to submit to confinement, Col. 8, 17, 8:

discutere,

Petr. 11, 2:

reserare,

Sil. 7, 334:

portarum ingentia claustra,

Verg. A. 7, 185; Val. Fl. 3, 53:

ferrea,

Mart. 10, 28, 8:

sub signo claustrisque rei publicae positum vectigal,

Cic. Agr. 1, 7, 21. —

Trop., a bar, band, barrier, bounds:

arta portarum naturae effringere,

i. e. to disclose its secrets, Lucr. 1, 72; cf.:

tua claustra fregerunt tui versus,

i. e. have become known, public, Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 3:

pudoris et reverentiae refringere,

id. ib. 2, 14, 4:

vitaï claustra resolvere,

to loose the bands of life, Lucr. 1, 416; 3, 397; 6, 1152:

temporum,

Vell. 1, 17, 4:

(animus) amat spatiis obstantia rumpere claustra (the figure drawn from the bounds of a racecourse),

Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 9.—

In a more extended sense, a door or gate that shuts up any place, a dam, dike; meton., a place that is shut up:

urbis relinquant,

Ov. M. 4, 86; cf.

Thebarum,

Stat. Th. 10, 474.—Of sunken ships, closing a port, Liv. 37, 14, 7; cf.:

ubi demersis navibus frenassent claustra maris,

id. 37, 15, 1:

maris,

i.e. a harbor, haven, Sil. 12, 442:

undae,

a dam, id. 5, 44; cf.:

Lucrino addita,

Verg. G. 2, 161; cf. id. A. 1, 56:

Daedalea,

i. e. the Labyrinth, Sen. Hippol. 1166 al. —

In milit. lang., a barricade, bulwark, key, defence, fortress, wall, bank, etc., for warding off an enemy:

claustra loci,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 32, § 84:

Corinthus in faucibus Graeciae, sic ut terra claustra locorum teneret,

id. Agr. 2, 32, 87:

Sutrium, quae urbs socia Romanis velut claustra Etruriae erat,

Liv. 9, 32. 1:

Aegypti,

id. 45, 11, 5; Tac. H. 2, 82; Suet. Vesp. 7:

tutissima praebet,

Liv. 42. 67, 6; cf. id. 6, 9, 4; 44, 7, 9; Tac. A. 2, 61 al.:

montium,

id. H. 3, 2:

Caspiarum,

id. ib. 1, 6:

maris,

id. ib. 3, 43; cf. Sil. 12, 442; Tac. A. 2, 59: suis claustris ( walls, intrenchments) impeditos turbant, id. ib. 12, 31; cf. id. ib. 4, 49:

regni claustra Philae,

Luc. 10, 312:

Africae,

Flor. 4, 2, 70.—

Trop.:

cum ego claustra ista nobilitatis refregissem, ut aditus ad consulatum pateret,

Cic. Mur. 8, 17:

annonae Aegyptus,

Tac. H. 3, 8.

per-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imper. perduce for perduc, Ser. Samm. 40, 754), v. a., lit., to lead or bring through; hence,

To lead, bring, conduct, guide a person or thing to any place.

In gen. (class.):

filium illuc,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 53:

legiones ad aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 2:

comprehensos eos ad Caesarem perduxerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 13; cf. id. B. C. 3, 28:

legionem in Allobrogas,

id. B. G. 3, 6:

Cyrum ad angustias,

Just. 1, 8, 10:

nautas ad aequora,

Luc. 2, 362:

ad Sullam,

Suet. Caes. 74:

in theatrum,

id. Ner. 13:

aliquem in conspectum alicujus,

id. Tib. 65:

bovem errantem ad stabula,

Verg. E. 6, 60:

tauros ad sacrificium,

Amm. 24, 6.—

In partic.

To draw over, bring over a woman to the acceptance of a lover:

huc Tertia perducta est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 31; Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 25; id. Vesp. 22; Hor. S. 2, 5, 77; Ov. Am. 3, 12, 11; Lact. 6, 17.—

To bring, carry, lead, conduct to a place;

of buildings, ditches, water (esp. freq. in Front.): a lacu Lemano ad montem Juram murum perducit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

munitiones ex castellis,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

porticum,

Liv. 35, 10:

longum opus,

Luc. 3, 384:

Appia (aqua) perducta est,

Front. Aquaed. 6; cf.:

tum duumviri aquae perducendae creati sunt,

id. ib. 6; and:

aquas in urbem perducere,

id. ib. 7; so,

Anionem in Capitolium,

id. ib. 7:

virginem in agro Lucullano collectam Romam,

id. ib. 10;

13 et saep.: navigabilem alveum ex portu in Nilum,

Plin. 6, 29, 33, § 165.—

Of money, to deliver:

pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 80, 2.—

Transf.

To spread over, bedaub, besmear with any thing ( poet.):

corpus odore ambrosiae,

Verg. G. 4, 415; Pers. 2, 55:

corpus stercore gallinae,

Ser. Samm. 39, 739:

artus succo,

id. 49, 922:

crusta perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 237.—

To rub out, erase (post-class.):

si aliquid interleverit, perduxerit,

Dig. 29, 1, 20:

nomen in testamento,

ib. 37, 11, 8; 28, 4, 11.—

To take a drink, to drink off or up, to quaff (post-class.):

cyceonis liquorem, Arn. poët. 5, 175: poculum continuo haustu,

App. M. 10, 5, p. 240:

aloë ex aquae cyathis tribus frigidis perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 135 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to draw out, lengthen, prolong, continue, to bring, carry, guide a person or thing to a certain goal, to a certain period, etc. (class.):

res disputatione ad mediam noctem perducitur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30:

oppugnatio ad noctem perducta,

Liv. 36, 23:

in noctem orationibus perductis,

id. 38, 51:

ad tempus tuum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 2:

se medicinā usque ad longam senectam,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 15:

aliquem ex humili loco ad summam dignitatem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 39; so,

aliquem ad amplissimos honores,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

(agri colendi studia) ad centesimum annum,

id. Sen. 17, 60:

artem ad magnam gloriam,

Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 61:

aliquem ad perniciem,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3:

aliquid ad effectum,

Dig. 33, 1, 7:

aliquid ad exitum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169:

aliquid ad finem,

Lucr. 2, 1117:

eo rem perduxit,

brought the matter to that pass, Nep. Dion. 5, 6; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7:

aliquid ad liquidum confessumque,

Quint. 5, 14, 28.—

To pass, spend:

noctes,

Prop. 1, 3, 39.—

In partic., to draw or bring over, win over, to persuade, induce (to an opinion or an action, etc.;

class.): si dictis nequis perduci, ut vera haec credas,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 41:

perducebam illam ad me suadelā meā,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 24:

aliquem ad suam sententiam,

Cic. Att. 16, 8, 1;

for which: aliquem in suam sententiam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 4:

aliquem ad se magnis pollicitationibus,

to bring over to one's side, to gain over, id. ib. 6, 11:

hominem ad HS LXXX.,

to induce to pay, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12.

per-māno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n., to flow through, press through, penetrate.

Lit. (rare):

in saxis ac speluncis permanat aquarum Liquidus umor,

Lucr. 1, 348:

permanat calor argentum,

id. 1, 494:

primordia singula per quojusque foramina permanare,

id. 2, 397; so id. 6, 952; 3, 699.—

Transf., to flow to any place; to penetrate, reach anywhere (class.;

syn.: penetro, pervado): sucus permanat ad jecur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137:

venenum in omnis partis corporis permanat,

id. Clu. 62, 173 (but in Lucr. 1, 122, the correct read. is permaneant; v. Lachm. ad h. l., and permaneo, a).—

Trop.

To penetrate, reach, extend to any place:

amor usque in pectus permanavit,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 63; Lucr. 3, 253:

conclusiunculae ad sensus non permanantes,

Cic. Tusc. 2, 18, 42:

ut sermones hominum ad vestras aures permanarent,

id. Balb. 25, 56:

macula permanat ad animum,

id. Rosc. Am. 24, 66:

Pythagorae doctrina permanavisse mihi videtur in hanc civitatem,

id. Tusc. 4, 1, 2; cf.:

hoc ubi uno auctore ad plures permanaverat, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 2, 29, 1.—

Permanare palam, to be divulged, become known, Plaut. Capt. 2, 1, 25.

praesĭdĭum, ii, n. [praeses].

Lit., a presiding over; hence, defence, protection, help, aid, assistance; esp. of soldiers who are to serve as a guard, garrison, escort, or convoy:

proficisci praesidio suis,

Nep. Ages. 3:

praesidio esse alicui,

id. ib. 7: Caes. B. G. 1, 44:

hanc sibi rem praesidio sperant futuram,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 65, § 167:

tectus praesidio firmo amicorum,

id. Sull. 18, 51:

absque me foret et meo praesidio, etc.,

Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 61:

ut meae stultitiae in justitiā tuā sit aliquid praesidii,

Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 33:

in tutelā ac praesidio bellicae virtutis,

Cic. Mur. 10, 22:

Veneris praesidio ferox,

Hor. C. 1, 15, 13.—Esp. of soldiers acting as a guard, convoy, escort:

legiones, quae praesidio impedimentis erant,

Caes. B. G. 2, 19:

regale,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 30.—

Transf.

That which aids, defends, or protects, defence, assistance, protection:

ad hoc ipsum judicium cum praesidio venit,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 5, 13:

armatorum,

id. Phil. 2, 44, 112; cf.:

O et praesidium,

protector, Hor. C. 1, 1, 2:

quantum praesidium perdis,

Verg. A. 11, 58.—

In partic., in milit. lang., those who by their presence protect a place, a camp, or a supply of arms or provisions, a guard, garrison, convoy, escort, troops, soldiers, etc.:

praesidium est dictum, quia extra castra praesidebant loco aliquo, quo tutior regio esset,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 90 Müll.:

occupatoque oppido, ibi praesidium collocat,

garrison, Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

(turres) praesidiis firmare,

with a garrison, with troops, Sall. J. 23, 1:

quam (Italiam) praesidiis confirmaretis,

Cic. Agr. 1, 5, 16:

obsidere atque occupare,

id. ib. 2, 28, 75:

ex oppido educere,

Caes. B. C. 1, 13:

dimittere,

Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 3:

oppido imponere,

Liv. 24, 7:

praesidium dedit, ut eo tuto perveniret,

an escort, Nep. Ep. 4, 5:

praesidium ex arce expellere,

a garrison, id. ib. 10, 3:

praesidium ex regionibus depellere,

id. Paus. 2, 1:

praesidia interficere,

troops, id. Milt. 4, 1:

praesidia custodiasque disponere,

posts, pickets, Caes. B. G. 7, 55:

Italia tota armis praesidiisque tenetur,

troops, Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1:

praesidia deducere,

Caes. B. G. 2, 33:

galeatum ponit ubique Praesidium,

Juv. 8, 239.—

Any place occupied by troops, as a hill, a camp, etc.; a post, station, intrenchment, fortification, camp:

qui propter metum praesidium relinquit,

leaves his post, Cic. Tusc. 3, 8, 17:

praesidio decedere,

Liv. 4, 29:

procul in praesidio esse,

Nep. Timol. 1, 4:

praesidium occupare et munire,

Caes. B. C. 3, 45:

cohortes ex proximis praesidiis deductae,

id. B. G. 7, 87:

milites in praesidiis disponere,

id. ib. 7, 34:

in praesidiis esse,

in the camp, with the army, Cic. Lig. 9, 28:

in adversariorum praesidiis,

id. Rosc. Am. 43, 126:

posito castello super vestigia paterni praesidii,

fort, Tac. A. 1, 56:

obsidium coepit per praesidia,

redoubts, id. ib. 4, 49.— Trop.:

de praesidio et statione vitae decedere,

Cic. Sen. 26, 73.—

In gen., aid, help, assistance of any kind, Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 45:

quod satis esset praesidii, dedit,

every thing needful for his support and safety, Nep. Them. 8, 5:

quaerere sibi praesidia periculis, et adjumenta honoribus,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 70:

magnum sibi praesidium ad beatam vitam comparare,

id. Tusc. 2, 1, 2:

omnibus vel naturae, vel doctrinae praesidiis ad dicendum parati,

id. de Or. 1, 9, 38:

me biremis praesidio scaphae tutum aura feret,

Hor. C. 3, 29, 62:

ad praesidium aquae calidae decurritur,

Col. 12, 50:

praesidia afferre navem factura minorem,

Juv. 12, 56.— Trop., defence, protection, help:

fortissimum praesidium pudoris,

Cic. Sull. 28, 77:

insigne maestis praesidium reis,

Hor. C. 2, 1, 13:

si qua aliunde putas rerum exspectanda tuarum, Praesidia,

Juv. 7, 23.—

In partic., a remedy against diseases:

aurium morbis praesidium est,

Plin. 22, 22, 44, § 90:

contra serpentes praesidio esse,

id. 28, 4, 7, § 35.

con-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.

Act., to draw, bring, or lead together, to assemble, collect (class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

Of persons (esp. freq. of the collecting, assembling of troops in any place): milites de castellis ad castra, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 514, 7:

populum in forum,

Varr. ib. p. 274, 20:

exercitum in unum locum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

eo copias omnes,

id. B. C. 3, 13 fin.:

copias suas,

id. B. G. 6, 31 init.; cf.

auxilia,

Liv. 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8:

dispersas suorum copias,

Tac. H. 4, 71:

virgines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 3:

omnis clientes suos eodem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

milites in unum,

Sall. J. 51, 3; cf. Tac. A. 4, 47.—

Of inanimate objects:

vineas,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 17:

nubila,

Ov. M. 1, 572 al. —

Esp.,

Intens., to connect, unite, by bringing together, = cogo, colligo.

Prop. (so several times in Lucr., elsewhere rare):

partes in unum,

Lucr. 1, 398; 3, 533; cf. id. 1, 651; 6, 968; Vitr. 8, 1 fin.:

cortice ramos,

Ov. M. 4, 375:

lac,

to coagulate, curdle, Col. 7, 8, 1:

conducere musculum aut laxare,

to contract, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, n. 8:

ubi sunt nervi, interiores conducunt membra,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

vulnera cerā,

to close up, Val. Fl. 1, 479 al. —

Trop.:

propositionem et assumptionem in unum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 9:

omnia probra in deorum maledicta,

Arn. 4, p. 146:

dies adeo conductus,

i. e. short, Sol. 22.—

T. t. of the lang. of business, to hire, take on lease, to farm (correlative of locare; cf. Dig. 19, 2, 1; very freq. and class.).

To hire for one's use, to hire, rent, employ; of things:

aedes aliquas mihi,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 17; Suet. Tib. 35; cf.: domum in Palatio, [p. 410] Cic. Cael. 7, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7:

hortum,

id. Fam. 16, 18, 2:

qui colonus habuit conductum de Caesenniā fundum,

id. Caecin. 32, 94:

habitationem in annum,

Dig. 19, 2, 19:

ad certum tempus,

ib. 19, 2, 14:

insulam,

ib. 19, 2, 30:

conduxi domum a te,

Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 2:

nummos,

to borrow, Hor. S. 1, 2, 9; cf.

pecuniam,

Juv. 11, 46.—Esp., of persons:

ille qui me conduxit, ubi conduxit, abduxit domum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 11:

cocum,

id. Ps. 3, 2, 10 and 15; id. Aul. 2, 4, 1:

fidicinam, quae cantaret sibi,

id. Ep. 2, 3, 10:

meretricem,

id. Bacch. 5, 1, 11; cf. id. Am. 1, 1, 131; Nep. praef. § 4; and poet.:

torum,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 44:

consulem vestrum ad caedem faciendam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

praeceptores publice,

Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 6:

choragum,

Suet. Aug. 70:

homines,

Caes. B. G. 2, 1; so, militem (the Gr. xenologein), to hire soldiers, Curt. 3, 1, 1; 3, 9, 2 al.; cf. the foll. subst. —With ut or quin: aliquem uti taceat, to hire, bribe, employ, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 10; cf.:

tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, quin, etc.,

could not be hired, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 68; cf. Lucil. ap. Non. p. 274, 21:

mercede aliquem,

Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22:

mercede diurnā conductus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

pictorem magno pretio,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1.— Subst.

conducti, ōrum, m., hirelings, mercenary soldiers, Hor. A. P. 431; Nep. Dat. 8, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 7, 10; 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8 al.—Hence, poet.:

bella conducta,

carried on by mercenary troops, Sil. 5, 196. —

conductum, i, n., any thing hired, esp. a house, dwelling, etc., Cic. Clu. 62, 175; Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3; Petr. 9, 4; Dig. 9, 3, 1; cf.:

locati conducti,

ib. 19, 2 tit.: actio ex conducto, an action upon a lease or contract, ib. 19, 2, 19, §§ 4 and 8 al.—

To undertake any service (building, transportation, the customs, etc.), to contract for, farm:

caedundum illum (agnum) ego conduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 31; cf.:

caedundos agnos,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 39:

redemptor, qui columnam illam de Cottā conduxerat faciendam,

Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47:

locare faciendum quod ego conduxeram,

Dig. 19, 2, 48; so,

mulierem vehendam nave,

ib. 19, 2, 19:

aliquem docendum,

ib. 19, 2, 13, § 3; 13, 6, 19:

praebenda, quae ad exercitum opus essent,

to undertake the supplies, Liv. 23, 48, 11:

vectigalia,

to farm, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9; Liv. 43, 16, 2:

tabulas in Italiam portandas,

Vell. 1, 13, 4; so,

portorium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47 al. —

Neutr., to contribute to something by being useful, to be of use or profitable, to profit, serve, etc. (syn.: convenit, utile est; class.; used only in the 3 d pers. of the sing. and plur.); constr. with in, ad aliquid, the dat., or absol.

With in:

quod tuam in rem bene conducat,

Plaut. Cist. 3, 4; so, maxime in rempublicam, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 274, 29:

in commune,

Tac. A. 2, 38.—

With ad:

ad ventris victum,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 6:

ad vitae commoditatem,

Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9.—

With dat. (so most freq.):

huic aetati non conducit latebrosus locus,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 22:

maxime rei publicae,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 27, 101:

neque homini infanti injuste facta conducunt,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; Col. 9, 1, 3:

omnibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

tuae laudi,

id. Fam. 13, 48:

nostris rationibus,

id. Att. 1, 1, 2:

maxime sibi,

Quint. 11, 1, 12:

alvo citae (vinum),

Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:

proposito,

Hor. A. P. 195 et saep.:

imbres non conducunt vitibus,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—

Absol.:

dubitare non possumus. quin ea maxime conducant, quae sunt rectissima,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2:

conducere arbitror talibus auris tuas vocibus undique circumsonare,

id. Off. 3, 2, 5.—Hence, P. a. as subst.; v. I. C. 2. b fin. supra.— Adv.: condūcenter, becomingly, fitly, Gell. 16, 12, 4.

con-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.

Act., to draw, bring, or lead together, to assemble, collect (class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

Of persons (esp. freq. of the collecting, assembling of troops in any place): milites de castellis ad castra, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 514, 7:

populum in forum,

Varr. ib. p. 274, 20:

exercitum in unum locum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

eo copias omnes,

id. B. C. 3, 13 fin.:

copias suas,

id. B. G. 6, 31 init.; cf.

auxilia,

Liv. 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8:

dispersas suorum copias,

Tac. H. 4, 71:

virgines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 3:

omnis clientes suos eodem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

milites in unum,

Sall. J. 51, 3; cf. Tac. A. 4, 47.—

Of inanimate objects:

vineas,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 17:

nubila,

Ov. M. 1, 572 al. —

Esp.,

Intens., to connect, unite, by bringing together, = cogo, colligo.

Prop. (so several times in Lucr., elsewhere rare):

partes in unum,

Lucr. 1, 398; 3, 533; cf. id. 1, 651; 6, 968; Vitr. 8, 1 fin.:

cortice ramos,

Ov. M. 4, 375:

lac,

to coagulate, curdle, Col. 7, 8, 1:

conducere musculum aut laxare,

to contract, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, n. 8:

ubi sunt nervi, interiores conducunt membra,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

vulnera cerā,

to close up, Val. Fl. 1, 479 al. —

Trop.:

propositionem et assumptionem in unum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 9:

omnia probra in deorum maledicta,

Arn. 4, p. 146:

dies adeo conductus,

i. e. short, Sol. 22.—

T. t. of the lang. of business, to hire, take on lease, to farm (correlative of locare; cf. Dig. 19, 2, 1; very freq. and class.).

To hire for one's use, to hire, rent, employ; of things:

aedes aliquas mihi,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 17; Suet. Tib. 35; cf.: domum in Palatio, [p. 410] Cic. Cael. 7, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7:

hortum,

id. Fam. 16, 18, 2:

qui colonus habuit conductum de Caesenniā fundum,

id. Caecin. 32, 94:

habitationem in annum,

Dig. 19, 2, 19:

ad certum tempus,

ib. 19, 2, 14:

insulam,

ib. 19, 2, 30:

conduxi domum a te,

Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 2:

nummos,

to borrow, Hor. S. 1, 2, 9; cf.

pecuniam,

Juv. 11, 46.—Esp., of persons:

ille qui me conduxit, ubi conduxit, abduxit domum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 11:

cocum,

id. Ps. 3, 2, 10 and 15; id. Aul. 2, 4, 1:

fidicinam, quae cantaret sibi,

id. Ep. 2, 3, 10:

meretricem,

id. Bacch. 5, 1, 11; cf. id. Am. 1, 1, 131; Nep. praef. § 4; and poet.:

torum,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 44:

consulem vestrum ad caedem faciendam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

praeceptores publice,

Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 6:

choragum,

Suet. Aug. 70:

homines,

Caes. B. G. 2, 1; so, militem (the Gr. xenologein), to hire soldiers, Curt. 3, 1, 1; 3, 9, 2 al.; cf. the foll. subst. —With ut or quin: aliquem uti taceat, to hire, bribe, employ, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 10; cf.:

tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, quin, etc.,

could not be hired, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 68; cf. Lucil. ap. Non. p. 274, 21:

mercede aliquem,

Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22:

mercede diurnā conductus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

pictorem magno pretio,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1.— Subst.

conducti, ōrum, m., hirelings, mercenary soldiers, Hor. A. P. 431; Nep. Dat. 8, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 7, 10; 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8 al.—Hence, poet.:

bella conducta,

carried on by mercenary troops, Sil. 5, 196. —

conductum, i, n., any thing hired, esp. a house, dwelling, etc., Cic. Clu. 62, 175; Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3; Petr. 9, 4; Dig. 9, 3, 1; cf.:

locati conducti,

ib. 19, 2 tit.: actio ex conducto, an action upon a lease or contract, ib. 19, 2, 19, §§ 4 and 8 al.—

To undertake any service (building, transportation, the customs, etc.), to contract for, farm:

caedundum illum (agnum) ego conduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 31; cf.:

caedundos agnos,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 39:

redemptor, qui columnam illam de Cottā conduxerat faciendam,

Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47:

locare faciendum quod ego conduxeram,

Dig. 19, 2, 48; so,

mulierem vehendam nave,

ib. 19, 2, 19:

aliquem docendum,

ib. 19, 2, 13, § 3; 13, 6, 19:

praebenda, quae ad exercitum opus essent,

to undertake the supplies, Liv. 23, 48, 11:

vectigalia,

to farm, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9; Liv. 43, 16, 2:

tabulas in Italiam portandas,

Vell. 1, 13, 4; so,

portorium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47 al. —

Neutr., to contribute to something by being useful, to be of use or profitable, to profit, serve, etc. (syn.: convenit, utile est; class.; used only in the 3 d pers. of the sing. and plur.); constr. with in, ad aliquid, the dat., or absol.

With in:

quod tuam in rem bene conducat,

Plaut. Cist. 3, 4; so, maxime in rempublicam, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 274, 29:

in commune,

Tac. A. 2, 38.—

With ad:

ad ventris victum,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 6:

ad vitae commoditatem,

Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9.—

With dat. (so most freq.):

huic aetati non conducit latebrosus locus,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 22:

maxime rei publicae,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 27, 101:

neque homini infanti injuste facta conducunt,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; Col. 9, 1, 3:

omnibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

tuae laudi,

id. Fam. 13, 48:

nostris rationibus,

id. Att. 1, 1, 2:

maxime sibi,

Quint. 11, 1, 12:

alvo citae (vinum),

Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:

proposito,

Hor. A. P. 195 et saep.:

imbres non conducunt vitibus,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—

Absol.:

dubitare non possumus. quin ea maxime conducant, quae sunt rectissima,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2:

conducere arbitror talibus auris tuas vocibus undique circumsonare,

id. Off. 3, 2, 5.—Hence, P. a. as subst.; v. I. C. 2. b fin. supra.— Adv.: condūcenter, becomingly, fitly, Gell. 16, 12, 4.

con-dūco, xi, ctum, 3, v. a. and n.

Act., to draw, bring, or lead together, to assemble, collect (class. in prose and poetry).

In gen.

Of persons (esp. freq. of the collecting, assembling of troops in any place): milites de castellis ad castra, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 514, 7:

populum in forum,

Varr. ib. p. 274, 20:

exercitum in unum locum,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2:

eo copias omnes,

id. B. C. 3, 13 fin.:

copias suas,

id. B. G. 6, 31 init.; cf.

auxilia,

Liv. 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8:

dispersas suorum copias,

Tac. H. 4, 71:

virgines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 3:

omnis clientes suos eodem,

Caes. B. G. 1, 4:

milites in unum,

Sall. J. 51, 3; cf. Tac. A. 4, 47.—

Of inanimate objects:

vineas,

Cic. Phil. 8, 6, 17:

nubila,

Ov. M. 1, 572 al. —

Esp.,

Intens., to connect, unite, by bringing together, = cogo, colligo.

Prop. (so several times in Lucr., elsewhere rare):

partes in unum,

Lucr. 1, 398; 3, 533; cf. id. 1, 651; 6, 968; Vitr. 8, 1 fin.:

cortice ramos,

Ov. M. 4, 375:

lac,

to coagulate, curdle, Col. 7, 8, 1:

conducere musculum aut laxare,

to contract, Cael. Aur. Tard. 2, 1, n. 8:

ubi sunt nervi, interiores conducunt membra,

Plin. 11, 37, 88, § 218:

vulnera cerā,

to close up, Val. Fl. 1, 479 al. —

Trop.:

propositionem et assumptionem in unum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 40, 73; cf. Quint. 5, 14, 9:

omnia probra in deorum maledicta,

Arn. 4, p. 146:

dies adeo conductus,

i. e. short, Sol. 22.—

T. t. of the lang. of business, to hire, take on lease, to farm (correlative of locare; cf. Dig. 19, 2, 1; very freq. and class.).

To hire for one's use, to hire, rent, employ; of things:

aedes aliquas mihi,

Plaut. Merc. 3, 2, 17; Suet. Tib. 35; cf.: domum in Palatio, [p. 410] Cic. Cael. 7, 18; id. Q. Fr. 2, 3, 7:

hortum,

id. Fam. 16, 18, 2:

qui colonus habuit conductum de Caesenniā fundum,

id. Caecin. 32, 94:

habitationem in annum,

Dig. 19, 2, 19:

ad certum tempus,

ib. 19, 2, 14:

insulam,

ib. 19, 2, 30:

conduxi domum a te,

Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 2:

nummos,

to borrow, Hor. S. 1, 2, 9; cf.

pecuniam,

Juv. 11, 46.—Esp., of persons:

ille qui me conduxit, ubi conduxit, abduxit domum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 11:

cocum,

id. Ps. 3, 2, 10 and 15; id. Aul. 2, 4, 1:

fidicinam, quae cantaret sibi,

id. Ep. 2, 3, 10:

meretricem,

id. Bacch. 5, 1, 11; cf. id. Am. 1, 1, 131; Nep. praef. § 4; and poet.:

torum,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 44:

consulem vestrum ad caedem faciendam,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 4, 9:

praeceptores publice,

Plin. Ep. 4, 13, 6:

choragum,

Suet. Aug. 70:

homines,

Caes. B. G. 2, 1; so, militem (the Gr. xenologein), to hire soldiers, Curt. 3, 1, 1; 3, 9, 2 al.; cf. the foll. subst. —With ut or quin: aliquem uti taceat, to hire, bribe, employ, Cato ap. Gell. 1, 15, 10; cf.:

tribus non conduci possim libertatibus, quin, etc.,

could not be hired, Plaut. Cas. 2, 8, 68; cf. Lucil. ap. Non. p. 274, 21:

mercede aliquem,

Cic. Off. 2, 6, 22:

mercede diurnā conductus,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 18:

pictorem magno pretio,

Cic. Inv. 2, 1, 1.— Subst.

conducti, ōrum, m., hirelings, mercenary soldiers, Hor. A. P. 431; Nep. Dat. 8, 2; cf. Liv. 30, 7, 10; 30, 21, 3; 23, 13, 8 al.—Hence, poet.:

bella conducta,

carried on by mercenary troops, Sil. 5, 196. —

conductum, i, n., any thing hired, esp. a house, dwelling, etc., Cic. Clu. 62, 175; Sen. Ben. 7, 5, 3; Petr. 9, 4; Dig. 9, 3, 1; cf.:

locati conducti,

ib. 19, 2 tit.: actio ex conducto, an action upon a lease or contract, ib. 19, 2, 19, §§ 4 and 8 al.—

To undertake any service (building, transportation, the customs, etc.), to contract for, farm:

caedundum illum (agnum) ego conduxi,

Plaut. Aul. 3, 6, 31; cf.:

caedundos agnos,

id. Capt. 4, 2, 39:

redemptor, qui columnam illam de Cottā conduxerat faciendam,

Cic. Div. 2, 21, 47:

locare faciendum quod ego conduxeram,

Dig. 19, 2, 48; so,

mulierem vehendam nave,

ib. 19, 2, 19:

aliquem docendum,

ib. 19, 2, 13, § 3; 13, 6, 19:

praebenda, quae ad exercitum opus essent,

to undertake the supplies, Liv. 23, 48, 11:

vectigalia,

to farm, Cic. Att. 1, 17, 9; Liv. 43, 16, 2:

tabulas in Italiam portandas,

Vell. 1, 13, 4; so,

portorium,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47 al. —

Neutr., to contribute to something by being useful, to be of use or profitable, to profit, serve, etc. (syn.: convenit, utile est; class.; used only in the 3 d pers. of the sing. and plur.); constr. with in, ad aliquid, the dat., or absol.

With in:

quod tuam in rem bene conducat,

Plaut. Cist. 3, 4; so, maxime in rempublicam, Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 274, 29:

in commune,

Tac. A. 2, 38.—

With ad:

ad ventris victum,

Plaut. Capt. 4, 3, 6:

ad vitae commoditatem,

Cic. Off. 1, 3, 9.—

With dat. (so most freq.):

huic aetati non conducit latebrosus locus,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 1, 22:

maxime rei publicae,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 1, 1; id. Off. 3, 27, 101:

neque homini infanti injuste facta conducunt,

id. Fin. 1, 16, 52; Col. 9, 1, 3:

omnibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 32, 49:

tuae laudi,

id. Fam. 13, 48:

nostris rationibus,

id. Att. 1, 1, 2:

maxime sibi,

Quint. 11, 1, 12:

alvo citae (vinum),

Plin. 23, 1, 23, § 41:

proposito,

Hor. A. P. 195 et saep.:

imbres non conducunt vitibus,

Plin. 17, 2, 2, § 14.—

Absol.:

dubitare non possumus. quin ea maxime conducant, quae sunt rectissima,

Cic. Fam. 5, 19, 2:

conducere arbitror talibus auris tuas vocibus undique circumsonare,

id. Off. 3, 2, 5.—Hence, P. a. as subst.; v. I. C. 2. b fin. supra.— Adv.: condūcenter, becomingly, fitly, Gell. 16, 12, 4.

dē-lēgo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to send, assign, dispatch, delegate a person to any place, person or business; to assign, confide, commit, intrust any thing to a person (for attention, care, protection, etc.); to charge a person with a business; to lay or impose upon a person any charge, order, business, command, etc., esp. of that which one prefers not to attend to in person (good prose; not in Caes.; perh. not in Cic.; v. the doubtful passage Cic. Fam. 7, 5, 2, and Orell. ad loc.).

In gen.

With personal objects:

si cui fautores delegatos viderint, etc.,

Plaut. Am. prol. 67 and 83:

aliquem in Tullianum,

Liv. 29, 22 fin.:

infantem ancillis ac nutricibus,

Tac. G. 20; cf. id. Or. 29:

Cassium Longinum occidendum delegaverat,

Suet. Calig. 57:

studiosos Catonis ad illud volumen delegamus,

refer to, Nep. Cato 3 fin.:

ad senatum,

Liv. 5, 20 fin. —

With a thing as object: hunc laborem alteri delegavi, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 1; so,

curam nepotum alicui,

Quint. 4 prooem. §

2: officium alicui,

id. 6 prooem. §

1: ministerium triumviris,

Tac. Agr. 2; cf.:

jurisdictionem magistratibus,

Suet. Claud. 23:

ordinandas bibliothecas alicui,

id. Caes. 56; cf. id. Gramm. 21:

obsidione delegata in curam collegae,

Liv. 9, 13:

delegato sibi officio functi sunt,

Lact. 1, 4, 6. —

In partic., t. t. in the lang. of business, to assign, transfer, make over, either one who is to pay a debt or the debt itself: delegare est vice sua alium reum dare creditori, vel cui jusserit, Dig. 46, 2, 11:

debitorem,

ib. 12:

debitores nobis deos,

Sen. Ben. 4, 11; cf.:

delegabo te ad Epicurum, ab illo fiet numeratio,

id. Ep. 18, 14:

nomen paterni debitoris,

Dig. 37, 6, 1.— Absol.:

Quinto delegabo, si quid aeri meo alieno superabit,

Cic. Att. 13, 46, 3:

Balbi regia condicio est delegandi,

id. ib. 12, 12:

terram,

to assign, Vulg. 3 Reg. 11, 18.—

Trop., to attribute, impute, ascribe to:

si hoc crimen optimis nominibus delegare possumus,

Cic. Font. 4, 8; so,

causam peccati mortuis,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 22, 2:

scelera ipsa aliis,

Tac. A. 13, 43:

omne rei bene aut secus gestae in Etruria decus dedecusque ad Volumnium,

Liv. 10, 19; cf.:

servati consulis decus ad servum,

id. 21, 46 fin.

vīvo, vixi, victum, 3 ( pluperf. subj. syncop. vixet, Verg. A. 11, 118), v. n. [Sanscr. giv-, givami, live; Gr. bios, life; Goth. quius, living; Germ. quicken; Engl. quick], to live, be alive, have life (syn. spiro).

Lit.

In gen.: Ca. Eho, tua uxor quid agit? Me. Immortalis est. Vivit victuraque est, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 18:

valet atque vivit (gnatus),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 21:

nemo'st hominum qui vivat minus,

id. Eun. 4, 6, 19; id. Ad. 3, 2, 34:

vivere ac spirare,

Cic. Sest. 50, 108:

is demum mihi vivere atque frui animā videtur, qui, etc.,

Sall. C. 2, 9.—With acc. of time:

et pueri annos octingentos vivont... Quin mille annorum perpetuo vivont ab saeclo ad saeclum,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 85;

4, 2, 87: Nemo est tam senex, qui se annum non putat posse vivere,

Cic. Sen. 7, 24:

vixi Annos bis centum,

Ov. M. 12, 187:

Aufidius vixit ad summam senectutem,

Cic. Brut. 48, 179:

ad centesimum annum,

id. Sen. 6, 19:

ad vesperum,

id. ib. 19, 67:

triginta annis,

id. Off. 3, 2, 8:

negat Epicurus, jucunde posse vivi, nisi cum virtute vivatur,

live pleasantly unless we live virtuously, id. Tusc. 3, 20, 49.— Subst.: vīventes, ium, the living (opp. mortui), Lact. 5, 19, 25; 5, 3, 25.—With a homogeneous object:

modice et modeste melius est vitam vivere,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 18; cf. Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 118; id. Clu. 61, 170:

tamne tibi diu videor vitam vivere?

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 34:

Bacchanalia vivunt,

Juv. 2, 3.— Pass.:

nunc tertia vivitur aetas,

Ov. M. 12, 187.— Transf., of things:

et vivere vitem et mori dicimus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:

saepes,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 2:

oleae,

Plin. 16, 44, 90, § 241:

cinis,

Ov. R. Am. 732:

ignes,

id. F. 3, 427:

picturatum opus,

lives, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 589.—

In partic.

To survive, be still alive (mostly in secondary tenses):

quas inimicitias si tam cavere potuisset, quam metuere solebat, viveret,

would be still alive, Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

is jam pridem mortuus est: si viveret, verba ejus audiretis,

id. ib. 14, 42:

Mustius dixisset, si viveret,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139:

si viveret Hortensius cetera fortasse desideraret,

id. Brut. 2, 6:

si viveret, mihi cum illo nulla contentio jam maneret,

id. Att. 14, 13, B, 4; id. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

dixisti paulum tibi esse etiam nunc morae, quod ego viverem,

id. Cat. 1, 4, 9; cf. id. Red. Quir. 4, 10:

utinam L. Caesar valeret, Serv. Sulpicius viveret,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 22:

constitueram, neminem includere in dialogos eorum, qui viverent,

id. Att. 13, 19, 3:

divinat enim, quae futura fuerint, si Philippus vixisset,

Liv. 41, 24, 4; cf.:

quid Philippus, si vixisset, facturus fuerit,

id. 41, 24, 5:

qui censor fuisset, vetustissimusque ex iis, qui viverent, censoriis esset,

id. 23, 22, 10; cf.:

hic tamen vivit. Vivit? Immo vero etiam in senatum venit,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2: vivis;

et vivis non ad deponendam sed ad confirmandam audaciam,

id. ib. 1, 2, 4.—

Euphemistically, vixit, he is done with life, he is dead:

vixisse nimio satiu'st jam quam vivere,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 43; cf. id. Most. 4, 3, 10.—

Ita vivam, as true as I live, as a formula of asseveration:

nam, ita vivam, putavi,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; 2, 16, 20; id. Att. 5, 15, 2; Sen. Ep. 82, 11 al.—

Ne vivam si, may I not live if, may I die if; as a form of asseveration:

quid poteris, inquies, pro iis dicere? Ne vivam, si scio,

Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8; id. Fam. 7, 23 fin. —

Si vivo, if I live, a formula of menacing:

erit ubi te ulciscar, si vivo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 26; id. Cas. 1, 1, 27; Ter. And. 5, 2, 25; id. Eun. 5, 5, 20.—

In the phrases,

Alicui vivere, to live for a person:

haec qui misit, non sibi soli postulat Te vivere et suā causā excludi ceteros,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 28; cf.:

si tibi soli viveres,

Cic. Marcell. 8, 25; cf.: secum vivere, II. B. infra.—

In diem vivere, from hand to mouth, for the present hour, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 169; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33; id. Phil. 2, 34, 86; cf.:

hi, qui in horam viverent,

id. ib. 5, 9, 25.—

De lucro vivere, a life that is clear gain, i. e. at the mercy of another, Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1.—

Pregn.

To live well, live at ease, enjoy life:

quod me cohortaris ad ambitionem et ad laborem, faciam quidem: sed quando vivemus?

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 12: vivite lurcones, comedones, vivite ventres, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 11, 8; Varr. ib. p. 156, 13; Cat. 5, 1; Hor. C. 3, 29, 43; id. Ep. 1, 6, 66.—Hence, in bidding farewell:

vive valeque,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 110; id. Ep. 1, 6, 67 al.; cf.:

vivite, silvae,

fare ye well, Verg. E. 8, 58.—

Like our to live, for to last, endure, remain, be remembered (mostly poet.):

vivet extento Proculeius aevo... Illum aget Fama superstes,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 5:

per omnia saecula famā vivam,

Ov. M. 15, 879: mea semper gloria vivet, Cic. poët. ap. Gell. 15, 6, 3:

tacitum vivit sub pectore vulnus,

Verg. A. 4, 67:

spirat adhuc amor Vivuntque commissi calores Aeoliae fidibus puellae,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 32, 3:

carmina,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 2:

scripta,

Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25:

das nostro nomen victurum amori,

id. Am. 3, 1, 65:

odia,

Stat. Th. 12, 441: mihi quidem Scipio, quamquam est subito ereptus, vivit tamen [p. 2002] semperque vivet, Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

vivit vivetque semper, atque etiam latius in memoriā hominum et sermone versabitur, postquam ab oculis recessit,

Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 11; Sen. Ben. 3, 5, 2.—

Transf.

To live on any thing or in any manner, i. e. to support life; to sustain or maintain one's self:

stirpibus palmarum vivere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131:

piscibus atque ovis avium vivere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 10 fin.:

lacte atque pecore,

id. ib. 4, 1;

5, 14: cortice ex arboribus,

id. B. C. 3, 49:

coriis herbisque et radicibus vivere,

Liv. 23, 30, 3:

herbis Vivis et urticā,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 8:

siliquis et pane secundo,

id. ib. 2, 1, 123:

parvo,

id. S. 2, 2, 1:

rapto,

Verg. A. 7, 749:

de vestro,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 61:

misere,

id. Aul. 2, 4, 36:

parcius,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 49:

suaviter,

id. Ep. 1, 8, 4:

bene,

id. ib. 1, 6, 56;

1, 11, 29: rapto,

Liv. 7, 25, 13; 27, 12, 5:

verbum vivere quidam putant ad cibum pertinere,

Dig. 50, 16, 234.— Impers. pass.:

vivitur ex rapto,

Ov. M. 1, 144. — Trop.:

(sunt) in eo studia illa nostra, quibus antea delectabamur, nunc etiam vivimus,

Cic. Fam. 13, 28, a, 2.—

To live, i. e. to pass one's life, to reside, dwell, be in any place or manner (cf.:

vitam dego): Rhodi,

Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 4:

extra urbem,

id. Brut. 74, 258:

Cypri,

Nep. Chabr. 3, 4:

in litteris vivere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1; id. Sen. 11, 38:

in maximā celebritate atque in oculis civium,

id. Off. 3, 1, 3:

in paupertate,

id. Part. Or. 18, 63:

in humilitate,

Lact. 7, 9, 17: cum timore, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 3:

unis moribus et numquam mutatis legibus,

Cic. Fl. 26, 63:

e naturā,

id. Fin. 3, 20, 68:

convenienter naturae,

id. ib. 3, 7, 26; id. Off. 3, 3, 13:

valde familiariter cum aliquo,

id. Att. 6, 6, 2; cf.:

Hirtius vivit habitatque cum Balbo,

id. ib. 14, 20, 4:

cum Pansā vixi in Pompeiano,

id. ib.:

ecquis me vivit hodie fortunatior?

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 1:

ego vivo miserrimus,

Cic. Att. 3, 5:

viveret in terris te si quis avarior uno,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 157:

illā sorte Contentus vivat,

id. S. 1, 1, 3.—Prov.:

secum vivere,

to live for one's self, care only for one's self, Cic. Sen. 14, 49.— Impers. pass.:

quoniam vivitur non cum perfectis hominibus, sed, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46.

vīvo, vixi, victum, 3 ( pluperf. subj. syncop. vixet, Verg. A. 11, 118), v. n. [Sanscr. giv-, givami, live; Gr. bios, life; Goth. quius, living; Germ. quicken; Engl. quick], to live, be alive, have life (syn. spiro).

Lit.

In gen.: Ca. Eho, tua uxor quid agit? Me. Immortalis est. Vivit victuraque est, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 18:

valet atque vivit (gnatus),

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 21:

nemo'st hominum qui vivat minus,

id. Eun. 4, 6, 19; id. Ad. 3, 2, 34:

vivere ac spirare,

Cic. Sest. 50, 108:

is demum mihi vivere atque frui animā videtur, qui, etc.,

Sall. C. 2, 9.—With acc. of time:

et pueri annos octingentos vivont... Quin mille annorum perpetuo vivont ab saeclo ad saeclum,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 85;

4, 2, 87: Nemo est tam senex, qui se annum non putat posse vivere,

Cic. Sen. 7, 24:

vixi Annos bis centum,

Ov. M. 12, 187:

Aufidius vixit ad summam senectutem,

Cic. Brut. 48, 179:

ad centesimum annum,

id. Sen. 6, 19:

ad vesperum,

id. ib. 19, 67:

triginta annis,

id. Off. 3, 2, 8:

negat Epicurus, jucunde posse vivi, nisi cum virtute vivatur,

live pleasantly unless we live virtuously, id. Tusc. 3, 20, 49.— Subst.: vīventes, ium, the living (opp. mortui), Lact. 5, 19, 25; 5, 3, 25.—With a homogeneous object:

modice et modeste melius est vitam vivere,

Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 18; cf. Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 5; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 47, § 118; id. Clu. 61, 170:

tamne tibi diu videor vitam vivere?

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 34:

Bacchanalia vivunt,

Juv. 2, 3.— Pass.:

nunc tertia vivitur aetas,

Ov. M. 12, 187.— Transf., of things:

et vivere vitem et mori dicimus,

Cic. Fin. 5, 14, 39; cf. id. Tusc. 1, 24, 56:

saepes,

Varr. R. R. 1, 14, 2:

oleae,

Plin. 16, 44, 90, § 241:

cinis,

Ov. R. Am. 732:

ignes,

id. F. 3, 427:

picturatum opus,

lives, Claud. IV. Cons. Hon. 589.—

In partic.

To survive, be still alive (mostly in secondary tenses):

quas inimicitias si tam cavere potuisset, quam metuere solebat, viveret,

would be still alive, Cic. Rosc. Am. 6, 17:

is jam pridem mortuus est: si viveret, verba ejus audiretis,

id. ib. 14, 42:

Mustius dixisset, si viveret,

id. Verr. 2, 1, 53, § 139:

si viveret Hortensius cetera fortasse desideraret,

id. Brut. 2, 6:

si viveret, mihi cum illo nulla contentio jam maneret,

id. Att. 14, 13, B, 4; id. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

dixisti paulum tibi esse etiam nunc morae, quod ego viverem,

id. Cat. 1, 4, 9; cf. id. Red. Quir. 4, 10:

utinam L. Caesar valeret, Serv. Sulpicius viveret,

id. Phil. 8, 7, 22:

constitueram, neminem includere in dialogos eorum, qui viverent,

id. Att. 13, 19, 3:

divinat enim, quae futura fuerint, si Philippus vixisset,

Liv. 41, 24, 4; cf.:

quid Philippus, si vixisset, facturus fuerit,

id. 41, 24, 5:

qui censor fuisset, vetustissimusque ex iis, qui viverent, censoriis esset,

id. 23, 22, 10; cf.:

hic tamen vivit. Vivit? Immo vero etiam in senatum venit,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2: vivis;

et vivis non ad deponendam sed ad confirmandam audaciam,

id. ib. 1, 2, 4.—

Euphemistically, vixit, he is done with life, he is dead:

vixisse nimio satiu'st jam quam vivere,

Plaut. Bacch. 1, 2, 43; cf. id. Most. 4, 3, 10.—

Ita vivam, as true as I live, as a formula of asseveration:

nam, ita vivam, putavi,

Cic. Fam. 2, 13, 3; 2, 16, 20; id. Att. 5, 15, 2; Sen. Ep. 82, 11 al.—

Ne vivam si, may I not live if, may I die if; as a form of asseveration:

quid poteris, inquies, pro iis dicere? Ne vivam, si scio,

Cic. Att. 4, 16, 8; id. Fam. 7, 23 fin. —

Si vivo, if I live, a formula of menacing:

erit ubi te ulciscar, si vivo,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 26; id. Cas. 1, 1, 27; Ter. And. 5, 2, 25; id. Eun. 5, 5, 20.—

In the phrases,

Alicui vivere, to live for a person:

haec qui misit, non sibi soli postulat Te vivere et suā causā excludi ceteros,

Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 28; cf.:

si tibi soli viveres,

Cic. Marcell. 8, 25; cf.: secum vivere, II. B. infra.—

In diem vivere, from hand to mouth, for the present hour, Cic. de Or. 2, 40, 169; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 33; id. Phil. 2, 34, 86; cf.:

hi, qui in horam viverent,

id. ib. 5, 9, 25.—

De lucro vivere, a life that is clear gain, i. e. at the mercy of another, Cic. Fam. 9, 17, 1.—

Pregn.

To live well, live at ease, enjoy life:

quod me cohortaris ad ambitionem et ad laborem, faciam quidem: sed quando vivemus?

Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 4, § 12: vivite lurcones, comedones, vivite ventres, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 11, 8; Varr. ib. p. 156, 13; Cat. 5, 1; Hor. C. 3, 29, 43; id. Ep. 1, 6, 66.—Hence, in bidding farewell:

vive valeque,

Hor. S. 2, 5, 110; id. Ep. 1, 6, 67 al.; cf.:

vivite, silvae,

fare ye well, Verg. E. 8, 58.—

Like our to live, for to last, endure, remain, be remembered (mostly poet.):

vivet extento Proculeius aevo... Illum aget Fama superstes,

Hor. C. 2, 2, 5:

per omnia saecula famā vivam,

Ov. M. 15, 879: mea semper gloria vivet, Cic. poët. ap. Gell. 15, 6, 3:

tacitum vivit sub pectore vulnus,

Verg. A. 4, 67:

spirat adhuc amor Vivuntque commissi calores Aeoliae fidibus puellae,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 11; cf. id. ib. 1, 32, 3:

carmina,

id. Ep. 1, 19, 2:

scripta,

Ov. Tr. 1, 7, 25:

das nostro nomen victurum amori,

id. Am. 3, 1, 65:

odia,

Stat. Th. 12, 441: mihi quidem Scipio, quamquam est subito ereptus, vivit tamen [p. 2002] semperque vivet, Cic. Lael. 27, 102:

vivit vivetque semper, atque etiam latius in memoriā hominum et sermone versabitur, postquam ab oculis recessit,

Plin. Ep. 2, 1, 11; Sen. Ben. 3, 5, 2.—

Transf.

To live on any thing or in any manner, i. e. to support life; to sustain or maintain one's self:

stirpibus palmarum vivere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 50, § 131:

piscibus atque ovis avium vivere,

Caes. B. G. 4, 10 fin.:

lacte atque pecore,

id. ib. 4, 1;

5, 14: cortice ex arboribus,

id. B. C. 3, 49:

coriis herbisque et radicibus vivere,

Liv. 23, 30, 3:

herbis Vivis et urticā,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 8:

siliquis et pane secundo,

id. ib. 2, 1, 123:

parvo,

id. S. 2, 2, 1:

rapto,

Verg. A. 7, 749:

de vestro,

Plaut. Truc. 5, 61:

misere,

id. Aul. 2, 4, 36:

parcius,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 49:

suaviter,

id. Ep. 1, 8, 4:

bene,

id. ib. 1, 6, 56;

1, 11, 29: rapto,

Liv. 7, 25, 13; 27, 12, 5:

verbum vivere quidam putant ad cibum pertinere,

Dig. 50, 16, 234.— Impers. pass.:

vivitur ex rapto,

Ov. M. 1, 144. — Trop.:

(sunt) in eo studia illa nostra, quibus antea delectabamur, nunc etiam vivimus,

Cic. Fam. 13, 28, a, 2.—

To live, i. e. to pass one's life, to reside, dwell, be in any place or manner (cf.:

vitam dego): Rhodi,

Cic. Fam. 4, 7, 4:

extra urbem,

id. Brut. 74, 258:

Cypri,

Nep. Chabr. 3, 4:

in litteris vivere,

Cic. Fam. 9, 26, 1; id. Sen. 11, 38:

in maximā celebritate atque in oculis civium,

id. Off. 3, 1, 3:

in paupertate,

id. Part. Or. 18, 63:

in humilitate,

Lact. 7, 9, 17: cum timore, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 3:

unis moribus et numquam mutatis legibus,

Cic. Fl. 26, 63:

e naturā,

id. Fin. 3, 20, 68:

convenienter naturae,

id. ib. 3, 7, 26; id. Off. 3, 3, 13:

valde familiariter cum aliquo,

id. Att. 6, 6, 2; cf.:

Hirtius vivit habitatque cum Balbo,

id. ib. 14, 20, 4:

cum Pansā vixi in Pompeiano,

id. ib.:

ecquis me vivit hodie fortunatior?

Ter. Eun. 5, 8, 1:

ego vivo miserrimus,

Cic. Att. 3, 5:

viveret in terris te si quis avarior uno,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 157:

illā sorte Contentus vivat,

id. S. 1, 1, 3.—Prov.:

secum vivere,

to live for one's self, care only for one's self, Cic. Sen. 14, 49.— Impers. pass.:

quoniam vivitur non cum perfectis hominibus, sed, etc.,

Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46.

* * *

oc-curro ( obc-), curri, rarely cucurri (Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88; Phaedr. 3, 7, 2), cursum, 3 (archaic perf. occecurri, like memordi, peposci, Aelius Tubero ap. Gell. 7, 9, 11), v. n., to run up to, run to meet; to go or come up to, to go or come to meet, to meet (class.; syn. obvenio).

Lit.

In gen.:

ilico Occucurri atque interpello,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88:

Caesari venienti,

Caes. B. G. 3, 79:

obviam alicui,

to go to meet, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

amicis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 135; Suet. Calig. 4.— Impers.:

occurritur (sc. mihi),

Cic. Att. 2, 22, 3.—

In partic., to go against, rush upon, attack an enemy:

duabus Fabianis legionibus occurrit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

armatis,

id. ib. 2, 27:

telis occurrere,

Verg. A. 11, 808:

obvius adversoque occurrit,

id. ib. 10, 734.—

Transf.

To come to, meet, fall in with any thing:

quibuscumque signis occurrerat, se aggregabat,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26:

tot vatibus,

Juv. 1, 18.—

To go or come to any place.

With dat.:

concilio,

Liv. 31, 29. —

With ad:

legati ad id concilium occurrerunt,

Liv. 31, 29.—

With in and acc.:

in aliam civitatem occurrere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67.—

Of situation.

To stand or lie opposite to:

apud Elegiam occurrit ei (Euphrati) Taurus mons,

Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 84.—

To lie in the way of, meet as an obstacle:

in asperis locis silex saepe impenetrabilis ferro occurrebat,

Liv. 36, 25, 4.—

Trop.

To obviate or seek to obviate, to meet, resist, oppose, counteract:

omnibus ejus consiliis occurri atque obstiti,

Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

illi rationi,

id. Fat. 18, 41: malevolentiae hominum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 2.—

To cure or attempt to cure; to relieve, remedy:

venienti occurrite morbo,

Pers. 3, 64:

exspectationi,

Cic. Clu. 23, 63:

rei sapientiā occurrere,

id. Fam. 4, 5, 6; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1.—

To meet with words, i. e. to answer, reply, object:

ut si dicenti, Quem video? ita occurras, ego,

Quint. 1, 5, 36:

Venus,

Val. Fl. 7, 222.— Impers. pass.:

occurretur enim, sicut occursum est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: occurritur autem nobis, et quidem a doctis et [p. 1253] eruditis, etc., id. Off. 2, 2, 6.—

To offer or present itself, suggest itself, appear, occur:

tu occurrebas dignus eo munere,

Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

nec tamen mihi quicquam occurrit cur, etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49; 1, 22, 51:

Atheniensium classis demersae et exercitus deleti occurrebant,

Liv. 25, 24, 12; cf.:

ea cum universa occurrerent animo,

id. 25, 24, 12, § 14:

oculis ejus tot paludes occurrerent,

Col. 2, 2:

oras ad Eurum sequentibus nihil memorabile occurrit,

Mel. 3, 9, 3:

animo,

presents itself to his mind, occurs to him, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 104; cf.:

ea quae occurrant,

id. ib. 2, 54, 221:

una defensio occurrit, quod muneribus tuis obniti non debui,

Tac. A. 14, 53:

cogitationi, quonam modo, etc.,

Plin. 29, 1, 1, § 2:

neque vos paeon, aut herous ille conturbet: ipsi occurrent orationi,

will present themselves, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191:

haec tenenda sunt oratori: saepe enim occurrunt,

often occur, id. Or. 32, 115:

quodcumque in mentem veniat, aut quodcumque occurrat,

id. Fin. 4, 17, 47:

ne quid honestum occurreret,

Tac. Agr. 2.— With inf.:

occurrit et aliqua dicere de magicis (herbis),

it seems proper, Plin. 24, 17, 99, § 156.—

To reach, attain (eccl. Lat.):

donec occurramus in unitatem fidei,

Vulg. Eph. 4, 13:

si quo modo occurram ad resurrectionem,

id. Phil. 3, 11.

oc-curro ( obc-), curri, rarely cucurri (Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88; Phaedr. 3, 7, 2), cursum, 3 (archaic perf. occecurri, like memordi, peposci, Aelius Tubero ap. Gell. 7, 9, 11), v. n., to run up to, run to meet; to go or come up to, to go or come to meet, to meet (class.; syn. obvenio).

Lit.

In gen.:

ilico Occucurri atque interpello,

Plaut. Merc. 1, 2, 88:

Caesari venienti,

Caes. B. G. 3, 79:

obviam alicui,

to go to meet, Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 30:

amicis,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 135; Suet. Calig. 4.— Impers.:

occurritur (sc. mihi),

Cic. Att. 2, 22, 3.—

In partic., to go against, rush upon, attack an enemy:

duabus Fabianis legionibus occurrit,

Caes. B. C. 1, 40:

armatis,

id. ib. 2, 27:

telis occurrere,

Verg. A. 11, 808:

obvius adversoque occurrit,

id. ib. 10, 734.—

Transf.

To come to, meet, fall in with any thing:

quibuscumque signis occurrerat, se aggregabat,

Caes. B. G. 4, 26:

tot vatibus,

Juv. 1, 18.—

To go or come to any place.

With dat.:

concilio,

Liv. 31, 29. —

With ad:

legati ad id concilium occurrerunt,

Liv. 31, 29.—

With in and acc.:

in aliam civitatem occurrere,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 27, § 67.—

Of situation.

To stand or lie opposite to:

apud Elegiam occurrit ei (Euphrati) Taurus mons,

Plin. 5, 24, 20, § 84.—

To lie in the way of, meet as an obstacle:

in asperis locis silex saepe impenetrabilis ferro occurrebat,

Liv. 36, 25, 4.—

Trop.

To obviate or seek to obviate, to meet, resist, oppose, counteract:

omnibus ejus consiliis occurri atque obstiti,

Cic. Cat. 3, 7, 16:

illi rationi,

id. Fat. 18, 41: malevolentiae hominum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 11, 2.—

To cure or attempt to cure; to relieve, remedy:

venienti occurrite morbo,

Pers. 3, 64:

exspectationi,

Cic. Clu. 23, 63:

rei sapientiā occurrere,

id. Fam. 4, 5, 6; Nep. Pelop. 1, 1.—

To meet with words, i. e. to answer, reply, object:

ut si dicenti, Quem video? ita occurras, ego,

Quint. 1, 5, 36:

Venus,

Val. Fl. 7, 222.— Impers. pass.:

occurretur enim, sicut occursum est,

Cic. Ac. 2, 14, 44: occurritur autem nobis, et quidem a doctis et [p. 1253] eruditis, etc., id. Off. 2, 2, 6.—

To offer or present itself, suggest itself, appear, occur:

tu occurrebas dignus eo munere,

Cic. Sen. 1, 2:

nec tamen mihi quicquam occurrit cur, etc.,

id. Tusc. 1, 21, 49; 1, 22, 51:

Atheniensium classis demersae et exercitus deleti occurrebant,

Liv. 25, 24, 12; cf.:

ea cum universa occurrerent animo,

id. 25, 24, 12, § 14:

oculis ejus tot paludes occurrerent,

Col. 2, 2:

oras ad Eurum sequentibus nihil memorabile occurrit,

Mel. 3, 9, 3:

animo,

presents itself to his mind, occurs to him, Cic. de Or. 2, 24, 104; cf.:

ea quae occurrant,

id. ib. 2, 54, 221:

una defensio occurrit, quod muneribus tuis obniti non debui,

Tac. A. 14, 53:

cogitationi, quonam modo, etc.,

Plin. 29, 1, 1, § 2:

neque vos paeon, aut herous ille conturbet: ipsi occurrent orationi,

will present themselves, Cic. de Or. 3, 49, 191:

haec tenenda sunt oratori: saepe enim occurrunt,

often occur, id. Or. 32, 115:

quodcumque in mentem veniat, aut quodcumque occurrat,

id. Fin. 4, 17, 47:

ne quid honestum occurreret,

Tac. Agr. 2.— With inf.:

occurrit et aliqua dicere de magicis (herbis),

it seems proper, Plin. 24, 17, 99, § 156.—

To reach, attain (eccl. Lat.):

donec occurramus in unitatem fidei,

Vulg. Eph. 4, 13:

si quo modo occurram ad resurrectionem,

id. Phil. 3, 11.

praecĭpĭto, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. and n. [praeceps], to throw or cast down headlong, to precipitate (class.; syn.. deicio, deturbo, proruo).

Lit.:

pilae in mare praecipitatae,

Nep. Alcib. 6 fin.:

truncas rupes in tecta domosque,

Stat. Th. 10, 881: currum scopulis, hurl or dash against, Ov. M. 15, 518:

pinus,

Stat. Achill. 2, 546.— Freq. with se or pass. in middle sense:

se e Leucade,

Cic. Tusc. 4, 18, 41:

se a tecto,

Sen. Ep. 4, 4:

se de turri,

Liv. 23, 37:

sese in fossas,

Caes. B. C. 3, 69:

praecipitasse se quosdam constabat (sc. de muro),

threw themselves from the wall, Liv. 23, 19, 6; Hor. S. 2, 3, 277:

plerique semet ipsi praecipitaverunt,

Liv. 21, 14, 1:

se in Tiberim,

id. 4, 12, 11; Caes. B. G. 4, 15; Curt. 4, 16, 16; 6, 6, 32;

Auct. B. Alex. 18: ubi Nilus praecipitans se fragore auditum accolis aufert,

Plin. 6, 29, 35, § 118:

praecipitare volens etiam pulcherrima,

to throw overboard, Juv. 12, 38.—Mid.:

cum alii super vallum praecipitarentur,

threw themselves down, Sall. J. 58, 6; Ov. F. 4, 164; id. M. 7, 760; 11, 556:

lux Praecipitatur aquis,

sinks in the ocean, sets, id. ib. 4, 92; cf.:

hac te praecipitato,

run this way, for life! Ter. Ad. 4, 2, 36.— Absol.: si quando iis (parvis) ludentes minamur, praecipitaturos alicunde, extimescunt, that we will throw them down from any place (= nos eos dejecturos), Cic. Fin. 5, 11, 31.—

Transf., in gen., to bend a thing down:

vitem,

Cato, R. R. 32, 2:

partem (vitis),

Col. 4, 20, 4:

palmitem,

id. 5, 6, 33.—

Trop.

To throw, hurl, or cast down, to precipitate: [p. 1414] praecipitari ex altissimo dignitatis gradu, Cic. Dom. 37, 98; cf.:

in tanta mala praeeipitatus ex patrio regno,

Sall. J. 14, 23.— Esp. with reflex. pron.:

semet ipse praecipitare,

to hasten to ruin, destroy one's self, Sall. J. 41, 9:

se in exitium,

Cels. 3, 21:

se in insidias,

Liv. 3, 18, 7 dub. (Madv. omits se):

furor iraque mentem Praecipitant,

carry away, urge onward, sway violently, Verg. A. 2, 317:

spem festinando praecipitare,

Ov. P. 3, 1, 140:

in senectam praecipitare,

to cause to grow old prematurely, Plin. 17, 12, 19, § 94:

quosdam praecipitat subjecta potentia magnae Invidiae,

Juv. 10, 56.—In pass., Cic. Rep. 2, 23, 43: nox praecipitata, declining, i. e. drawing to a close, Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 47; cf.: aetas praecipitata (opp. adulescens), declining age, Mat. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 5.—

To hasten, hurry a thing (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

quae Praecipitent obitum,

hasten their setting, Cic. Arat. 349:

vindemiam,

Col. 3, 21, 10:

consulta viri,

Sil. 3, 166:

ne praecipitetur editio,

Quint. Ep. ad Tryph. 2:

consilia raptim praecipitata,

precipitate, Liv. 31, 32.— Poet.:

moras,

i. e. exchange delay for haste, Verg. A. 8, 443; 12, 699:

Tiphyn pelago parari praecipitat,

Val. Fl. 2, 390:

cursum,

Juv. 15, 78.—

With acc. and inf., to hasten, press, urge to do any thing ( poet.):

dare tempus Praecipitant curae,

Verg. A. 11, 3:

si praecipitant miserum cognoscere curae,

Stat. Th. 1, 679. —

Neutr., to hasten or rush down, to throw one's self down, rush headlong, sink rapidly, to fall (class., but only of involuntary falling; cf. I. A.).

Lit.:

praecipitare istuc quidem est, non descendere,

Cic. N. D. 1, 32, 90:

de montibus altis ad terram,

Lucr. 4, 1021:

ubi Nilus praecipitat ex altissimis montibus,

Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 19; cf.:

Fibrenus... statim praecipitat in Lirem,

id. Leg. 2, 3, 6: and:

in amni praecipitante,

id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

nimbi In vada praecipitant,

Verg. A. 9, 670; 11, 617:

in fossam,

Liv. 25, 11, 6; 7, 6, 9; 38, 2, 14;

39, 2, 3: in insidias,

id. 2, 51; 5, 18; Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82:

non fugis hinc praeceps, dum praecipitare potestas?

Verg. A. 4, 565:

sol praecipitans,

Cic. de Or. 3, 55, 209:

jam nox caelo Praecipitat,

is sinking, draws to a close, Verg. A. 2, 9:

hiems jam praecipitaverat,

had closed, come to an end, Caes. B. C. 3, 25.—

Trop.

To fall down, to fall, rush, or sink to ruin:

qui in amorem Praecipitavit, pejus perit quam si saxo saliat,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 31:

praecipitantes impellere, certe est inhumanum,

Cic. Rab. Post. 1, 2; so,

praecipitantem impellamus,

id. Clu. 26, 70:

ubi non subest, quo praecipitet ac decidat,

he may tumble down, id. Rep. 1, 45, 69:

praecipitante re publicā,

id. Sull. 1, 1; cf. id. ib. 31, 87; and:

cum ad Cannas praecipitasset Romana res,

Liv. 27, 40:

ad exitium praecipitans,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 7.—

To be too hasty:

cum vitiosum sit adsentiri quicquam aut falsum aut incognitum, sustinenda est potius omnis adsensio, ne praecipitet, si temere processerit,

Cic. Ac. 2, 21, 68.—Hence, praecĭpĭ-tanter, adv., hastily, precipitately:

agens mannos ad villam,

Lucr. 3, 1063.

quō-quam, adv.

To any place, whithersoever (rare but class.):

ut hanc ne quoquam mitteret, nisi ad se,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 45; Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 16; id. Hec. 4, 1, 50:

meare diversa,

Lucr. 1, 428 Lachm.:

neque se quoquam movit ex Urbe,

Nep. Att. 7; Sall. J. 14, 17; Liv. 34, 16; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52:

non ivit servus tuus quoquam,

Vulg. 4 Reg. 5, 25.—

= in aliquam rem, in any thing, in aught:

neque quoquam posse resolvi,

Lucr. 1, 1053.

regnum, i, n. [rex], kingly government, royal authority, kingship, royalty (cf.:

imperium, principatus): cum penes unum est omnium summa rerum, regem illum unum vocamus et regnum ejus rei publicae statum,

Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 42:

regique Thebano Creonti regnum stabilivit suum,

Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 39:

regno regem spoliare,

Cic. Rep. 1, 42, 65:

ob labefactandi regni timorem,

id. ib. 2, 2:

regni initium,

id. ib. 2, 15, 28:

neque potest ejusmodi res publica non regnum et esse et vocari,

royalty, id. ib. 2, 23:

regnum obtinere,

Caes. B. G. 5, 54; cf.:

regnum in suā civitate occupare,

id. ib. 1, 3: regnum reciperare, Auct. B. Alex. 36; Caes. B. G. 4, 12; 5, 20; 5, 25:

dum stabat regno incolumis regumque vigebat Consiliis,

Verg. A. 2, 88:

Tulli ignobile regnum,

Hor. S. 1, 6, 9; id. C. 1, 12, 34:

Alexander periculoso regno securam ac tutam vitam anteponens,

Just. 39, 4, 3.—

In gen., dominion, sovereignty, rule, authority.

In a good sense:

possidere regna,

Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 21:

quod imperium, qui magistratus, quod regnum potest esse praestantius, quam, etc.,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 28:

omne regnum vel imperium bellis quaeritur et victoriis propagatur,

id. ib. 3, 12, 20:

sibi a Caesare regnum civitatis deferri,

Caes. B. G. 5, 6:

ego te in meum regnum accepi,

Sall. J. 10, 1:

adoptione in regnum pervenire,

id. ib. 11, 6:

nationes, quae in eorum (i. e. Populi Romani) regno ac dicione sunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27, § 60:

nobile regnum,

Ov. H. 17, 133:

regnum sine vi tenere,

id. M. 11, 270:

regnum alicui permittere,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 123:

bonae Sub regno Cinarae,

id. C. 4, 1, 4: nec regna vini sortiere talis, the presiding over a drinking-bout, Gr. archiposia, id. ib. 1, 4, 18 (cf.:

arbiter bibendi,

id. ib. 2, 7, 25; v. also rex).—

In a bad sense, despotism, tyranny (to a Roman of the time of the Republic, any sovereignty of a single individual):

hic ait se ille, judices, regnum meum ferre non posse. Quod tandem, Torquate, regnum? Consulatus, credo, mei... quo in magistratu non institutum est a me regnum, sed repressum,

Cic. Sull. 7, 21; cf. Quint. 3, 8, 47:

hoc vero regnum est, et ferri nullo pacto potest,

Cic. Att. 2, 12, 1:

Ti. Gracchus regnum occupare conatus est,

id. Lael. 12, 41; so,

occupare,

id. Sull. 9, 27; id. Phil. 5, 6, 17:

regnum appetere,

id. Sen. 16, 56; id. Phil. 2, 44, 114; id. Mil. 27, 72 (for which affectare is cited, Quint. 5, 11, 12; v. Spald. N. cr. ad loc.):

regnum judiciorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 12, § 35; cf.

forense,

id. Fam. 9, 18, 1:

quod tribuni militum in plebe Romanā regnum exercerent,

Liv. 5, 2:

damnatus crimine regni,

Ov. F. 6, 189:

dum regnum te, Roma, facit,

i. e. gives thee a sovereign, Luc. 4, 692.—

Trop., rule, authority, power, influence:

abuteris ad omnia atomorum regno et licentiā,

Cic. N. D. 1, 23, 65:

regnum voluptatis,

id. Sen. 12, 41:

sub regno tibi esse placet omnes animi partes et eas regi consilio?

id. Rep. 1, 38, 60; Ov. M. 14, 20; Prop. 4 (5), 7, 50.—

Meton. (abstr. pro concreto), a kingdom:

grates tibi ago, summe sol, quod conspicio in meo regno et his tectis P. Cornelium Scipionem,

Cic. Rep. 6, 9, 9:

ad fines regni sui,

Caes. B. G. 5, 26; 5, 38:

(flumen Mulucha) Jugurthae Bocchique regnum disjungebat,

Sall. J. 92, 5:

se patrio regno pulsos esse,

Liv. 1, 40:

(Aufidus) Qui regna Dauni praefluit Appuli,

Hor. C. 4, 14, 26 al.:

barbara regna,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 253:

regnum caelorum,

Hier. adv. Jovin. 2, § 28; cf. Vulg. Matt. 13, 11 et saep.— Poet., of bees:

cerea regna refingunt,

Verg. G. 4, 202. —

Transf.

Any place which one possesses, a territory, estate, possession:

id, nisi hic in tuo regno essemus, non tulissem,

i. e. on your own territories, on your own estate, Cic. de Or. 1, 10, 41; cf. id. Att. 14, 16, 1:

post aliquot mea regna videns, mirabor aristas?

fields, Verg. E. 1, 70; cf. id. G. 1, 124; 3, 476:

regna videt pauper Nasamon errantia vento,

his cottages, Luc. 9, 458 al.: haec regna, these realms, i. e. of the dead, Verg. A. 6, 417.—

Regna = reges, Stat. Th. 12, 380.

sŭbĭgo, ēgi, actum, 3 (sūbĭgĭt, scanned with u long, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 47, 106), v. a. [sub-ago], to bring under, get under; bring or get up, or up to any place.

Lit. (mostly poet.):

sues antequam aestus incipiat, subigunt in umbrosum locum,

Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 6:

qui adverso flumine lembum Remigiis subigit,

i. e. rows up stream, Verg. G. 1, 202:

naves ad castellum,

Liv. 26, 7:

classem ad moenia,

Sil. 15, 218:

saxum contra ardua montis,

id. 13, 610:

frondosum apicem ad sidera,

id. 17, 641 et saep.:

celsos sonipedes ocius subigit jugo,

brings under the yoke, Sen. Hippol. 1002.—In mal. part.:

ancillam,

i. e. to lie with, Aus. Epigr. 142; cf. Suet. Caes. 49.—

In gen., to turn up from beneath, to break up, dig up, plough, cultivate; to work, knead; to rub down, sharpen, whet; to tame, break (class.;

syn. domo): terram ferro,

Cic. Leg. 2, 18, 45 fin.:

locum subigere oportet bene: ubi erit subactus, areas facito,

to turn over and over, turn up, Cato, R. R. 161, 1: segetes aratris, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 401, 9:

agrum bipalio,

Col. 3, 5, 3:

glebas,

Cic. Agr. 2, 31, 84:

vomere terram,

Ov. M. 11, 31:

arva,

Verg. G. 1, 125.— Poet.:

ratem conto,

to work, move, Verg. A. 6, 302:

pontum remis,

i. e. to plough, furrow, Val. Fl. 1, 471:

farinam in mortarium indito, aquae paulatim addito subigitoque pulchre: ubi bene subegeris, defingito,

knead it thoroughly, Cato, R. R. 74; so,

corium pilis,

id. ib. 18, 7: harenam argillae usque ad lentorem, id. ap. Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 111:

panem,

Plin. 18, 11, 27, § 105:

aliquid oleo,

id. 32, 10, 44, § 126:

digitis opus,

Ov. M. 6, 20:

subigunt in cote secures,

i. e. sharpen, Verg. A. 7, 627:

pressa manu (pecudum) terga,

to rub down, Col. 6, 30, 1:

(beluam) facilem ad subigendum frenat,

easy to be tamed, Cic. Rep. 2, 40, 67; cf.

vitulos,

Col. 6, 2, 1:

ubera,

Vulg. Ezech. 23, 3.—

Trop.

To put down, overcome, conquer, subjugate, subject, subdue, etc. (freq. in prose and poetry):

plerique omnes subiguntur sub suum judicium,

Naev. Bell. Pan. Fr. Inc. 7 (p. 18 Vahl.):

Persas, Paphlagonas... subegit solus,

Plaut. Curc. 3, 78: tertiam partem orbis terrarum, Cic. [p. 1777] Rosc. Am. 36, 103:

quos armis subegimus,

id. Balb. 10, 25:

Gallia devicta et subacta,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:

urbes atque nationes,

Sall. C. 2, 2:

totam inter Alpes fretumque Italiam armis,

Flor. 1, 26, 9:

Africam,

Val. Max. 6, 9, 14; Just. 30, 3, 9:

poëtae consuetudine subigere aures populi debent,

Varr. L. L. 9, 11, 130:

nos in deditionem,

Curt. 7, 7, 38:

vitulos,

to break in, Col. 6, 2:

bos subactus,

id. 6, 3.— Plur. subst.:

victi ac subacti,

Cic. Font. 16, 36.— Absol.: mors amici subigit, Att. ap. Non. 2, 22.—In mal. part. (cf. signif. I.): Gallias Caesar subegit, Nicomedes Caesarem, Poët. ap. Suet. Caes. 49.—

To bring, incite, impel; to force, compel, constrain to any thing; constr. with ut, ad, or in aliquid; rarely with inf.:

subegi, fenore argentum ab danistā ut sumeret,

Plaut. Most. 3, 3, 14:

tu me numquam subiges, redditum ut reddam tibi,

id. Curc. 4, 3, 8:

subigor, ut, etc.,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 6; cf.:

nec subigi queantur, ut, etc.,

id. Pers. 2, 2, 12:

ut ederet socios, subigi non potuit,

Tac. A. 2, 40:

egestate stipendii ad deditionem subigi,

id. H. 3, 8:

ad deditionem Volscos,

Liv. 6, 2:

hostes ad deditionem,

id. 9, 41; 9, 1:

urbes metu subactae in dicionem,

id. 28, 43:

hostes fame in deditionem,

Curt. 7, 7, 18:

vis subegit verum fateri,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 9:

Tarquiniensem metu subegerat frumentum exercitui praebere,

Liv. 9, 41:

subegit socios ignotae linquere terrae,

Verg. A. 5, 794:

ambitio multos mortalis falsos fieri subegit,

Sall. C. 10, 5:

injuria te subegit decernere, etc.,

id. ib. 51, 18; cf. Tac. A. 1, 39:

insidiis subactus,

Verg. A. 12, 494.—

(Acc. to I. B.) To cultivate, of the mind; to train, discipline (very rare):

subacto mihi ingenio opus est, ut agro non semel arato sed novato et iterato, etc.,

Cic. de Or. 2, 30, 131:

subacti atque durati bellis,

Liv. 42, 52.

uspĭam, adv. [us-piam, v. usque], at or in any place, anywhere, somewhere (rare but class; mostly in affirmative clauses; cf.

usquam): sive est illa (lex) scripta uspiam, sive nusquam,

Cic. Leg. 1, 15, 42:

si avenam uspiam videris,

id. Fin. 5, 30, 91: non dubitabam, quin te ille aut Dyrrhachii aut in istis locis uspiam visurus esset, id. [p. 1937] Att. 1, 17, 2:

utrum consistere uspiam velit, an mare transire, nescitur,

id. ib. 7, 12, 2:

malo esse in Tusculano aut uspiam in suburbano,

id. ib. 16, 13, b, 1:

perscrutabor fanum, si inveniam uspiam Aurum,

Plaut. Aul. 4, 2, 13:

ne uspiam insidiae fient,

id. Mil. 3, 1, 2:

metuo ne opsint mihi, neve opstent uspiam,

id. ib. 4, 2, 6.—With gen.:

nec uspiam ruris reperitur ille,

App. M. 7, p. 119:

scripturarum,

Aug. Ep. 164, 7.—

Transf., in any business or affair: Ol. Nimis tenax es. St. Num me expertus uspiam? Plaut. Cas. 4, 3, 19; cf. id. Mil. 3, 1, 2 supra.