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101 vivre
vivre [vivʀ]➭ TABLE 461. intransitive verba. to live• quand l'ambulance est arrivée, il vivait encore he was still alive when the ambulance arrived• vivre à Londres/en France to live in London/in France• vivre dans le passé/dans la crainte to live in the past/in fear• être facile/difficile à vivre to be easy/difficult to get on with• vivre de laitages/de rentes to live on dairy produce/a private income• travailler/écrire pour vivre to work/write for a living• faire vivre qn [personne] to support sb• elle ne vit plus depuis que son fils est pilote she's been living on her nerves since her son became a pilotb. [idée, rue, paysage] to be alive2. transitive verba. ( = passer) to spendb. [+ événement, guerre] to live through3. plural masculine noun* * *vivʀ
1.
1) ( connaître) to live through [époque, période]; to go through [heures difficiles, enfer]; to experience [amour, passion]2) ( ressentir) to cope with [divorce, échec]
2.
verbe intransitif1) Biologie ( être vivant) to livevivre vieux/centenaire — to live to a great age/to be a hundred
cesser de vivre — euph to pass away
vive moi/nous! — three cheers for me/us!
2) ( habiter) to liveêtre facile à vivre — [conjoint] to be easy to live with; [ami] to be easy to get on with
3) ( exister) [personne] to liveapprendre à vivre à quelqu'un — (colloq) to teach somebody some manners (colloq)
savoir vivre — ( profiter de la vie) to know how to enjoy life
4) ( survivre) [personne] to live5) ( durer) [relation, mode] to lastavoir vécu — [personne] to have seen a great deal of life; ( être usé) hum to have had its day
6) ( être animé) [ville, rue] to be full of life••* * *vivʀ1. vi1) (= résider) to liveJ'aimerais vivre à l'étranger. — I'd like to live abroad.
Je vis en Écosse. — I live in Scotland.
Il vit chez ses parents. — He lives with his parents.
Il a vécu à Paris pendant dix ans. — He lived in Paris for ten years.
2) (= être vivant) to be aliveavoir vécu; Ce régime a vécu. — This regime has had its day.
3) (= exister, mener son existence) to liveOn vit de plus en plus longtemps. — People are living longer and longer.
se laisser vivre — to let o.s. go
ne plus vivre (= être anxieux) — to live on one's nerves
Il a vécu. — He has seen life.
4) (= subsister) to liveIls avaient à peine de quoi vivre. — They had barely enough to live on.
vivre de [salaire, allocations] — to live on
vivre mal (= chichement) — to have a meagre existence
2. vt1) [vie] to live, [aventures] to go through, [temps] to spendIls y ont vécu des jours heureux. — They spent some happy times there.
2) (= ressentir)Il a très mal vécu son licenciement. — He took his redundancy very hard.
3. nm4. vivres nmplprovisions, food supplies* * *vivre verb table: vivreA vtr1 ( connaître) to live through [époque, période]; to go through [heures difficiles, cauchemar, enfer]; to experience [amour, passion]; vivre son mariage comme un sacrifice to view one's marriage as self-sacrifice; être vécu comme un affront to be taken as an insult; vivre une vie tranquille/agitée to lead a quiet/hectic life; la vie vaut d'être vécue life is worth living; vivre sa vie to lead one's own life;2 ( ressentir) to cope with [divorce, échec, changement]; comment as-tu vécu votre séparation? how did you cope with your separation?; vivre sa foi to put one's faith into practiceGB?B vi1 Biol ( être vivant) [personne, animal, plante] to live; vivre longtemps/vieux/centenaire to live for a long time/to a great age/to be a hundred; cesser de vivre euph to pass away; vive la révolution/le président! long live the revolution/the president!; vive(nt) les vacances! three cheers for the holidays GB ou the vacation US!; vive la vie! life is wonderful!; vive moi/nous! three cheers for me/us!; vive Paul! hurray for Paul!;2 ( habiter) [personne, animal, plante] to live; vivre à la campagne/en démocratie to live in the country/in a democracy; il vit avec quelqu'un he's living with somebody; vivre à cinq dans une chambre to live five to a room; être facile/difficile à vivre [conjoint, concubin] to be easy/difficult to live with; [ami, collègue] to be easy/difficult to get on with; vivre les uns sur les autres to live on top of each other;3 ( exister) [personne] to live; vivre en ermite to live like a hermit; vivre dans la crainte/pour ses enfants to live in fear/for one's children; vivre avec son temps to move with the times; vivre à contre-courant to go one's own way; vivre en pyjama to live in one's pyjamas GB ou pajamas US; se laisser vivre to take things easy; apprendre à qn à vivre○ to teach sb some manners○; savoir vivre ( profiter de la vie) to know how to enjoy life; ( être poli) to know how things are done;4 ( survivre) [personne] to live; bien vivre to live well; vivre de peu to live on very little; de quoi vit-elle? what does she live on?; avoir de quoi vivre to have enough to live on; vivre avec presque rien/sur son capital/de la charité to live on next to nothing/on one's capital/on charity; vivre de légumes to live on vegetables; vivre sur sa réputation to live on one's reputation; vivre de ses rentes to have a private income; faire vivre qn ( matériellement) to keep sb; vivre aux dépens de qn to live off sb; vivre d'espoir to live in hope; qu'est-ce qui te fait vivre? what keeps you going?;5 ( durer) [relation, mode, idéologie] to last; le gouvernement ne vivra pas longtemps the government won't last long; avoir vécu [personne] to have seen a great deal of life; hum ( être usé) [objet, idée] to have had its day; mes chaussures ont vécu my shoes have had their day; leur souvenir vivra dans nos mémoires their memory will live on in our hearts;6 ( être animé) [ville, rue] to be full of life.C se vivre vpr ( être ressenti) le divorce se vit souvent très mal divorce is often very hard to cope with.D vivres nmpl1 ( nourriture) food, supplies;2 ( moyens de subsistance) couper les vivres à qn to cut off sb's allowance.le vivre et le couvert board and lodging; vivre de l'air du temps to live on air; vivre sur un grand pied to live in great style; qui vivra verra what will be will be.I[vivr] nom masculin————————vivres nom masculin plurielII[vivr] verbe intransitif[cellule, plante] to livevivre vieux ou longtemps to live to a great age ou ripe old age2. [mener une existence] to livevivre à l'heure de l'Europe/du XXIe siècle to live in the world of the European community/of the 21st centuryvivre dans le luxe/l'angoisse to live in luxury/anxietyne vivre que pour la musique/sa famille to live only for music/one's familyil fait bon vivre ici life is good ou it's a good life herea. [on est inquiet] we're worried sickb. [on est harassé] this isn't a life, this isn't what you can call livinga. [il est impoli] he has no mannersb. [il est trop nerveux] he doesn't know how to enjoy life3. [résider] to livevivre au Brésil/dans un château to live in Brazil/in a castlevivre dans une ou en communauté to live communally ou in a communitya. [maritalement] to live with somebodyb. [en amis] to share ou to live with somebodyvivre ensemble [couple non marié] to live togetherêtre facile à vivre to be easygoing ou easy to get on with4. [subsister] to livevivre sur un seul salaire to live ou to exist on just one salarya. [personne] to provide a living for ou to support a familyb. [commerce] to provide a living for a familyvivre bien/chichement to have a good/poor standard of livingils vivaient de la cueillette et de la chasse they lived on what they gathered and hunted ou off the landil faut bien vivre! one's got to keep the wolf from the door ou to live (somehow)!5. [se perpétuer - croyance, coutume] to be alive6. [donner l'impression de vie - sculpture, tableau]————————[vivr] verbe transitif1. [passer par - époque, événement] to live through (inseparable)vivre des temps difficiles to live through ou to experience difficult timesvivre des jours heureux/paisibles to spend one's days happily/peacefully2. [assumer - divorce, grossesse, retraite] to experienceelle a mal/bien vécu mon départ she couldn't cope/she coped well after I left3. (locution) -
102 MAN
I) n.1) household, house-folk; bondslaves;2) bondwoman, female slave; þær ‘ro máttkar meyjar at mani hafðar, these mighty maids are held in bondage;* * *n., does not occur in plur. unless it be in gen. pl. mana, Stor. 13 (mͣ in MS.); [man is an ancient word only used in old laws and poetry, it remains in the compd man-sal, and in the Icel. local name Man-heimar; ‘man’ (ἀνδράποδον), being neuter and having but one n, is prob. of different origin from mann (ἄνθρωπος, ἀνήρ), which is masc. and has a double final n. The etymology of this word is lost in the remotest antiquity; it appears in the O. H. G. mana-houbit = a bondman’s head, a ‘serf’s head;’ (Grimm in R. A. expresses a doubt as to the current etymology of Lat. man-cipium from manu-capere; perh. man and caput?). In early Swed. law the word occurs twice or thrice, næmpnæ man, næmpnæ quicfæ, Schlyter i. 134; in Gutalagen—kauper tu mans man i garth thin (i. e. mans-mann = a bondman, cp. mans-manna and mans-maðr, see Schlyter’s Glossary).]B. A bondman, prob. originally of prisoners of war who were sold as slaves (Irish in the west, Finns and Slaves in the east), see Ld. ch. 12, Ó. T. (Fms. i. ch. 92); svá ok ef hann vill í mani gjalda, tva aura fyrir einn, ok á hann lausn á maninu en næstu misseri ef hann hefir upp alit, Grág. i. 396; kaupa man ok gefa frelsi, N. G. L. i. 5, 6; ok þat fé skal hálft vera í gulli ok í silfri en hálit í mani hérrænu ( native bondmen) eigi ellra en fertogu, né yngra en fimmtán vetra, SS; mans leiga, 224; ok heimta hann sem annan mans-mann, K. Þ. K. 58; mani austrænu, eastern slaves, Hornklofi; máttkar meyjar at mani hafðar, Gs. 1, 15; er þú man keyptir, 8; hálfa aðra alin fyrir frjálsgjafa, penning veginn fyrir man-manna, N. G. L. i, 347; næst kirkju-garði skal grafa man-manna, 345; maðr manna, no doubt false for man-manna, 388; er hann réttlauss við hann ok hans konu ok man hans allt, 36, Am. 66; þar kom mart man falt, þar sá Loðinn konu nokkura er seld hafði verit mansali, Fms. i. 185: allit., mold ok man, N. G. L. iii. 92, v. l.II. a girl, maid, as also in a worse sense, a mistress, for bondwomen often became their master’s mistresses (see Ld. ch. 12), so that this sense grew out of the preceding one; líki leyfa ens ljósa mans, Hm. 91; í myrkri skal við man spjalla, 81; et horska man, 101; et manunga man, 163; þat et unga man, þat et mjallhvíta man, Alm. 6, 7; bjarthaddað man, Skv. 1. 33; harðúðigt man, 27; fóstr-man, a bondwoman nurse, 3. 67; mans at kosta, Hbl. 16; hvé ek at andspilli komumk ens unga mans, Skm. 11; hve ek fyrir-banna manna glaum mani, manna nyt mani, how I ban her from all concourse with men, 34; Ylfinga man, Hkv. 2. 3; Yggjar man, the beloved of Ygg (Odin) = the Earth, Lex. Poët.; Héðins man = Hilda, the beloved of Hedin, Fms. ix. (in a verse); bjarnar man, a giantess, Stor. 13. It is probable that in some law phrases the obso- lete ‘man’ has been replaced by the common ‘mann,’ e. g. in gefa manni frelsi (mani? cp. manfrelsi), N. G. L. i. 5: as also in mana-kaup in the Swed. law, see Schlyter’s introd. to the 10th vol. of Sver. Gamla Lagar.COMPDS: mansfólk, manfrelsi, Manheimar, mankynni, manmanna, manrúnar, mansal, mansalsmaðr, mansmaðr, mansöngr, mansöngsdrápa. -
103 रूक्ष
rūkshá
cf. 2. ruksha) rough, dry, arid, dreary ṠBr. etc. etc.;
emaciated, thin Suṡr. ;
rough to the taste, astringent MBh. Suṡr. ;
not greasy orᅠ oily (as food orᅠ medicine) Kathās. Suṡr. ;
hard, harsh, unkind, cruel (as a person orᅠ speech) MBh. Kāv. etc.;
unpleasant, disagreeable, not soft (to the sight, smell etc.) ib. ;
dismal (as a house) Pañcat. ;
soiled, smeared, dirtied R. Mudr. ;
having the smell of an elephant in rut L. ;
m. hardness, harshness L. ;
the smell of the rut of an elephant L. ;
a kind of grass (= varaka) L. ;
(ā) f. Croton Polyandrum orᅠ Tiglium L. ;
n. a good kind of iron L. ;
the thick part of curds L. ;
rūksha
- रूक्षगन्ध
- रूक्षगन्धक
- रूक्षता
- रूक्षत्व
- रूक्षदर्भ
- रूक्षदुर्बल
- रूक्षनिष्ठुरवाद
- रूक्षपत्त्र
- रूक्षपेषम्
- रूक्षप्रिय
- रूक्षभाव
- रूक्षम्लानाङ्ग
- रूक्षवर्ण
- रूक्षवाच्
- रूक्षवादिन्
- रूक्षवालुक
- रूक्षवाशिन्
- रूक्षस्वर
- रूक्षस्वादुफल
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104 краска
color, drug, paint, stain, tint* * *кра́ска ж.
paintдержа́ть кра́ску ( об окрашиваемом материале) — take paint (well or poorly)проверя́ть на кра́ску маш. — check by blueing, apply an engineer's blue testразбавля́ть [разводи́ть] кра́ску (напр. водой, растворителем) — thin a paint with (e. g., water, solvent)разме́шивать кра́ску ( после длительного хранения) — break the paintкра́ска рассла́ивается — the paint settles out in layersснима́ть кра́ску (напр. огнём) — peel the paint (e. g., with a flame torch)составля́ть кра́ску (напр. для внутреннего или наружного применения) — formulate a paint for (e. g., interior or exterior use)ста́вить, напр. винт на кра́ске — secure, e. g., a screw with a drop of paintакваре́льная кра́ска — watercolourантикоррози́йная кра́ска — anticorrosive [anticorrosion, antirusting] paintаэрозо́льная кра́ска — aerosol spray-on paintбактерици́дная кра́ска — bactericidal [germicidal] paintбыстроотвержда́ющаяся кра́ска — quick-setting paintво́дная кра́ска — water paintводоотта́лкивающая кра́ска — water-repellant paintводораствори́мая кра́ска — water-thinned paintводосто́йкая кра́ска — waterproof paintкра́ска в ту́бах — tube paintгля́нцевая кра́ска — gloss paintгрунто́вочная кра́ска — ground-coat [priming] paintгуа́шевая кра́ска — gouacheгустотё́ртая кра́ска — gouacheкра́ска для вну́треннего примене́ния — interior paintкра́ска для нару́жного примене́ния — exterior paintкра́ска для прове́рки конта́кта пове́рхностей — engineer's paintдоро́жная маркиро́вочная кра́ска — road [traffic] paintжаросто́йкая кра́ска — heat-resisting [heat-resistant] paintжароупо́рная кра́ска — high-temperature paintзвукоизоли́рующая кра́ска — sound-deadening paintзвукопоглоща́ющая кра́ска — sound-absorbing paintинсектици́дная кра́ска — insecticidal paintкислотосто́йкая кра́ска — acid-resistant [acid-proof] paintклеева́я кра́ска — calcimine, distemperкро́ющая кра́ска — стр. hiding [masking] paint; кож. pigment finishла́тексная кра́ска — latex paintлите́йная кра́ска — mould wash, parting mixtureнаноси́ть лите́йную кра́ску — apply the mould wash, wash a mould with a parting mixtureлитогра́фская кра́ска — printing inkлюминесце́нтная кра́ска — fluorescent paintмаля́рная кра́ска — house paintма́сляная кра́ска — oil(-base) paintма́сляная кра́ска гото́вая к употребле́нию — ready-mixed [prepared] oil paintма́сляная, густотё́ртая кра́ска — oil-paint pasteма́товая кра́ска — dull [deadening] paintмедленноотвержда́ющаяся кра́ска — slow-setting paintнадглазу́рная кра́ска — overglazeкра́ска на раствори́мом стекле́ — water-glass paintнатура́льная кра́ска — natural paintнеобраста́ющая кра́ска мор. — antifouling paintнесмыва́емая кра́ска — indelible paintогнеупо́рная кра́ска — refractory paintостекло́вывающаяся кра́ска — vitrifiable paintотде́лочная кра́ска — finishing paintпатини́рующая кра́ска — greening paintпеча́тная кра́ска — printing inkпигме́нтная кра́ска — pigment finishпогодоусто́йчивая кра́ска — weather-proof paintподглазу́рная кра́ска — underglazeкра́ска по де́реву — wood paintпокро́вная кра́ска кож. — pigment finishполиграфи́ческая кра́ска — printing inkпрозра́чная кра́ска — clear paintпротивокоррози́йная кра́ска — anticorrosive [anticorrosion, antirusting] paintпротивоприга́рная кра́ска литейн. — parting compound, parting paintсветя́щаяся кра́ска — luminous paintсветя́щаяся, флюоресце́нтная кра́ска ( светится при возбуждении внешним источником излучения) — fluorescent paintсветя́щаяся, фосфоресце́нтная кра́ска ( светится без возбуждения внешним источником излучения) — phosphorescent paintсилика́тная кра́ска — silicate paintсинтети́ческая кра́ска — synthetic-paintстрои́тельная кра́ска — building paintсудова́я кра́ска — ship paintтеплосто́йкая кра́ска — heat-resisting [heat-resistant] paintтеплоупо́рная кра́ска — high-temperature paintтермочувстви́тельная кра́ска — heat-sensitive paintтипогра́фская кра́ска — printing inkфо́новая кра́ска — base colourформо́вочная кра́ска лит. — mould wash, parting mixtureфунгици́дная кра́ска — fungicidal paintхудо́жественная кра́ска — decorative [painter's] paintэма́левая кра́ска — enamel paintэмульсио́нная кра́ска — emulsion paint -
105 halten
hal·ten <hielt, gehalten> [ʼhaltn̩]vt1) (fest\halten)[jdm] jdn/etw \halten to hold sb/sth [for sb]2) ( zum Bleiben veranlassen)jdn \halten to stop sb;jdn irgendwo \halten to keep sb somewhere;warum bleibst du noch bei dieser Firma, was hält dich noch da? why do you stay with the firm, what's keeping you there?etw irgendwohin/irgendwie \halten to put sth somewhere/in a certain position;er hielt den Arm in die Höhe he put his hand up4) (tragen, stützen)etw \halten to hold sth5) (zurück\halten)etw \halten to hold [or retain] sth;das Ventil konnte den Überdruck nicht mehr \halten the valve could no longer contain the excess pressure6) sportetw \halten to save sth;der Tormann konnte den Ball nicht \halten the goalkeeper couldn't stop the ball7) ( angestellt haben)er hält sich ein Privatflugzeug, eine Segeljacht und ein Rennpferd he keeps a private aircraft, a yacht and a racehorse8) ( behandeln)jdn irgendwie \halten to treat sb in a certain way;er hält seine Kinder sehr streng he is very strict with his children9) ( weiter innehaben)etw \halten to hold on to sth;hoffentlich kann ich den Weltrekord noch \halten hopefully I can still hold on to the world record; s. a. Kurs, Melodie10) ( verteidigen)etw [gegen jdn] \halten to hold sth [in the face of sb];die Verteidiger hielten ihre Stellungen weiterhin the defenders continued to hold their positions11) (in einem Zustand er\halten)etw irgendwie \halten to keep sth in a certain condition;die Fußböden hält sie immer peinlich sauber she always keeps the floors scrupulously clean; s. a. besetztes [mit etw] irgendwie \halten to do sth in a certain way;wir \halten es ähnlich we do things in a similar waydas Haus war innen und außen ganz in Weiß gehalten the house was completely white inside and out14) (ab\halten)etw \halten to give sth;15) (einhalten, erfüllen)etw \halten to keep sth;der Film hält nicht, was der Titel verspricht the film doesn't live up to its titleWENDUNGEN:nicht zu \halten sein not to be able to stop sb;wenn sie etwas von Sahnetorte hört, ist sie nicht mehr zu \halten if she hears cream gateau mentioned there's no holding her!;das kannst du \halten, wie du willst that's completely up to you;nichts/viel davon \halten, etw zu tun to think nothing/a lot of doing sth;nicht viel davon \halten, etw zu tun to not think much of doing sth;ich habe ihn für seinen Bruder gehalten I mistook him for his brother;das halte ich nicht für möglich I don't think that's possible;etw von jdm/etw \halten to think sth of sb/sth;vom Sparen hält er scheinbar nicht viel he doesn't appear to think much of saving;wofür \halten Sie mich? who do you take me for!vi1) (fest\halten) to hold;kannst du mal 'n Moment \halten? can you hold that for a second?wie lange hält der Fisch noch? how much longer will the fish keep?3) (stehen bleiben, anhalten) to stop;\halten Sie bitte an der Ecke! stop at the corner, please;etw zum H\halten bringen to bring sth to a stop [or standstill];4) sport to make a save;unser Tormann hat heute wieder großartig gehalten our goalkeeper made some great saves today5) ( zielen)[mit etw] irgendwohin \halten to aim at sth [with sth];Sie müssen mit dem Bogen mehr nach links \halten you must aim the bow more to the leftWENDUNGEN:ich musste an mich \halten, um nicht zu lachen I had to force myself not to laugh;zu jdm \halten to stand [or stick] by sb;halt mal,... hang [or hold] on,...vr1) ( sich festhalten)2) ( nicht verderben)sich \halten to keep [or last];im Kühlschrank hält sich Milch gut drei Tage milk keeps for a good three days in the fridgesich \halten to last;manchmal kann der Nebel sich bis in die späten Vormittagsstunden \halten sometimes the fog can last until the late morningsich irgendwo/nach... \halten to keep to somewhere/heading towards...;\halten Sie sich immer in dieser Richtung keep going in this direction5) ( sich richten nach)ich halte mich immer an die Vorschriften I always stick to the rules6) ( haften)sich \halten to linger7) ( sich behaupten)sich [noch] [mit etw] \halten to prevail [with sth];trotz der hauchdünnen Mehrheit hielt sich die Regierung noch über ein Jahr despite its wafer-thin majority the government lasted [or kept going for] over a yearsich irgendwie \halten to carry [or hold] oneself in a certain manner;es ist nicht leicht, sich im Gleichgewicht zu \halten it's not easy to keep one's balanceWENDUNGEN:für seine 50 Jahre hat er sich gut gehalten he has worn well for a 50-year-old;sich gut/besser \halten to do well/better;sich nicht \halten können not to be able to control oneself;ich halte mich lieber an Mineralwasser I prefer to stay with mineral water;sich an jdn \halten ( sich wenden) to refer to sb;( sich richten nach) to stay [or stick] with sb;sich für jdn/etw \halten to think one is sb/sth;er hält sich für besonders klug he thinks he's really clever -
106 leer
1) ( ohne Inhalt) empty;etw \leer machen to empty sth2) ( menschenleer) empty;ein \leerer Saal an empty hall;das Haus steht schon lange \leer the house has been empty for a long time3) ( nicht bedruckt) blank;etw \leer lassen to leave sth blank4) ( ausdruckslos) blank, vacant;seine Augen waren \leer he had a vacant look in his eyes;WENDUNGEN:ins L\leere into thin air;ins L\leere gehen/laufen to be to no avail, to come to nothingadv den Teller \leer essen to finish one's meal;das Glas/die Tasse \leer trinken to finish one's drink;wie \leer gefegt sein to be deserted;\leer stehend empty, vacantWENDUNGEN: -
107 kamie|ń
m 1. (bryła skalna) rock, stone- kamień budowlany a building stone- dom/podmurówka z kamienia a stone house/foundation- posąg wykuty w kamieniu a figure carved in stone- ulica brukowana kamieniami a street paved with stone(s)- usiąść na przydrożnym kamieniu to sit on a rock by the road- zmarznięty a. zmrożony na kamień frozen (rock) solid2. (klejnot) stone, gem(stone)- kamień (pół)szlachetny a (semi-)precious stone- kamień syntetyczny a synthetic gemstone- kamień sztuczny a. czeski a fake gemstone- broszka wysadzana drogimi kamieniami a brooch set with precious stones- zegarek na siedemnastu kamieniach a 17-jewel wristwatch3. Techn. slide 4. zw. pl Med. calculus spec.; stone- kamienie nerkowe kidney stones; renal calculi spec.- kamień żółciowy a gallstone5. sgt Stomat. kamień nazębny tartar- usunąć kamień nazębny to remove tartar, to scrape and polish sb’s teeth6. sgt (osad) (lime)scale, fur GB- kamień kotłowy (lime)scale- usunąć kamień kotłowy to descale a boiler7. Gry piece 8. Górn. spoil U- □ siny kamień Chem. copper sulphate- kamień ałunowy Miner. alum rock a. stone, alunite- kamień filozoficzny philosopher’s stone także przen.- kamień litograficzny Druk. lithographic (lime)stone- kamień nagrobny gravestone, tombstone- kamień pamiątkowy commemorative stone- kamień szlifierski grindstone■ kamień by się poruszył a. wzruszył it would make a dead man a. a stone cry- kamień młyński (ciężar) millstone (round one’s neck)- ciężki jak kamień (as) heavy as a stone- kamień na kamieniu nie został no stone was left unturned- kamień spadł mu/mi z serca it was a load a. weight off his/my mind- zdjąć komuś kamień z serca to take a weight off sb’s mind- bodaj się tacy na kamieniu rodzili there should be more people like you/her/him/them (in the world)- być komuś kamieniem u szyi to be a millstone (a)round sb’s neck- (nie) być z kamienia pot. (not) to be made (out) of stone, (not) to be a machine- być a. stać się kamieniem obrazy dla kogoś to cause sb offence- gryźć kamienie pot. to go hungry- robota idzie jak z kamienia it’s hard a. uphill work- kląć w żywy kamień a. w żywe kamienie to turn the air blue, to curse a. swear like a sailor- przesiadywać a. siedzieć gdzieś kamieniem to hang around somewhere- przesiadywać a. siedzieć nad czymś kamieniem to be totally absorbed a. wrapped up in sth- spać jak kamień a. kamieniem to sleep like a log- przepaść a. zniknąć jak kamień w wodę to vanish without a trace, to vanish into thin air, to sink like a stoneThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > kamie|ń
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108 szkiele|t
Ⅰ m pers. (G szkielety) po operacji zrobił się z niego szkielet after his operation he’s as thin as a rake Ⅱ m inanim. (G szkieletu) 1. (układ kostny) skeleton 2. Techn. carcass, frame- szkielet łodzi zbudowany został z belek i desek the carcass a. skeleton of the boat was made of bars and planks3. (podstawa) outline- szkielet powieści zawierał zarys akcji the outline of the novel contained a draft of the plot4. (pozostałość po zniszczeniu) skeleton, shell- po pożarze został z ich domu tylko szkielet only a skeleton a. shell of their house was left after the fireThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > szkiele|t
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109 на отлёте
1) (в некотором отдалении от чего-либо, в стороне (быть, находиться и т. п.)) stand < all> by itself; be at a < little> distance; keep aloof- А ты что, Максим, на отлёте держишься? Иди сюда ближе. И отчего ты сегодня такой грустный? (А. Новиков-Прибой, Женщина в море) — 'Why are you keeping aloof, Maxim? Come over here. And why do you look so sad today?'
На отлёте высилось единственное в посёлке двухэтажное каменное здание. (А. Степанов, Порт-Артур) — At a little distance from the rest of the habitations stood the only two-storey brick building in the place...
Крестьянин ссадил Баумана у околицы: докторский дом с больницею рядом - на отлёте, чуть в стороне от села. (С. Мстиславский, Грач - птица весенняя) — The peasant dropped Bauman on the outskirts of the village. The doctor's house stood by itself, a little apart from the village.
2) ( отведя в сторону (держать что-либо)) hold smth. in an outstretched hand (away from smth.)Он держал папиросу на отлёте, покачиваясь, пустил струйку дыма - нельзя было придумать ничего более салонного, чем этот человек. (А. Толстой, Гадюка) — He held his cigarette away from his mouth, then put it to his lips and let out a thin spiral of smoke - it was difficult to imagine any one more suitable to adorn a drawing-room than this man.
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110 комар
1. gnat2. midge3. mosquito; gnat -
111 краска
ж. paintкроющая краска — hiding paint; pigment finish
Синонимический ряд:цвет (сущ.) колер; окраска; тон; цвет -
112 wire
[ˈwaɪə]1. noun1) ( also adjective) (of) metal drawn out into a long strand, as thick as string or as thin as thread:سِلْكa wire fence.
2) a single strand of this:سِلْك رَفيعThere must be a loose wire in my radio somewhere.
3) the metal cable used in telegraphy:كابِل مَعْدَنيThe message came over the wire this morning.
4) a telegram:بَرْقِيَّهSend me a wire if I'm needed urgently.
2. verb1) to fasten, connect etc with wire:يوصِلُ بالأسْلاكThe house has been wired (up), but the electricity hasn't been connected yet.
2) to send a telegram to:يُرسِلُ بَرْقِيَّةًWire me if anything important happens.
3) to send (a message) by telegram:يُبْرِقُ، يُرْسِلُ رِسالَةً بواسِطَة التلغرامYou can wire the details to my brother in New York.
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113 дрожать
гл.1. to shake; 2. to rattle; 3. to shudder; 4. to shiver; 5. to tremble; 6. to start; 7. to wobble; 8. to quiver; 9. to twitchРусский глагол дрожать не указывает ни на то, что вызывает дрожь, ни на то, как происходит дрожание. Английские эквиваленты описывают характер дрожания и указывают на причину, которая его вызывает.1. to shake — дрожать, трястись, встряхивать, трясти (вызвать быстрое движение вверх и вниз или из стороны в сторону или самому производить быстрые движения): Shake the blanket before you fold it. It is full of dust. — Вытряхни одеяло прежде, чем свернешь, оно полно пыли./Встряхни одеяло прежде, чем свернешь, в нем полно пыли. Always shake the orange juice before opening it. — Всегда взбалтывай апельсиновый сок прежде, чем откроешь бутылку. Jim remembered being shaken awfully by his angry mother. — Джим помнил, как мать его жутко трясла, когда сердилась. Peter banged the door so hard that the whole house shook. — Петр так грохнул дверью, что весь дом задрожал/затрясся. People could feel the ground shaking beneath their feet, it was the second tremor in one day. — Люди почувствовали, как земля дрожит под ногами, это был второй толчок в этот день. The whole engine started to shake quite violently and the car stopped. — Мотор начал сильно дрожать, и машина остановилась. My hands were shaking as I opened the envelope. — Когда я открывала конверт, у меня дрожали руки. By the time he had finished the race his legs were shaking so badly he could hardly walk. — В конце забега у него так сильно дрожали ноги, что он едва шел. The poor woman was shaking with fear. — Бедная женщина дрожала от страха. Ben got up from the floor and shook his legs to gel all the dust off his trousers. — Бен встал с пола и отряхнул брюки от пыли. Shaking his fist at the doorman he said, he had never been so roughly treated in his whole life. — Грозя кулаком швейцару, он сказал, что за всю его жизнь с ним никто так грубо не обращался.2. to rattle — дрожать, барабанить, громыхать, греметь, хлопать, стучать (чем-либо, чаще всего металлическим предметом, так что при этом издается громкий стук): Her bracelets rattled as she danced. — Когда она танцевала, ее браслеты звенели. The wind was so strong that the doors and windows rattled. — Ветер был такой сильный, что окна и двери дребезжали. The hail rattled on the roof. — Град барабанил по крыше. The train rattled by. — Мимо прогромыхал поезд. He rattled his keys in his pocket. — Он гремел ключами в кармане.3. to shudder — дрожать, вздрагивать, содрогаться (сильно и бесконтрольно дрожать, часто от испуга, неожиданности или удивления; относится и к людям и к предметам): Не shuddered with disgust. — Его от отвращения всего передернуло./ Он содрогнулся от отвращения. She shuddered slightly at the memory. — При одном воспоминании об этом ее бросало в дрожь./Вспомнив об этом, она содрогнулась. I shuddered to think what my parents will say when they see this film. — Я вздрогнул, когда подумал о том, что скажут мои родители, посмотрев этот фильм. The washing machine shuddered and finished its cycle. — Стиральная машина содрогнулась и закончила свой цикл./Стиральная машина вздрогнула и остановилась. During the bombing the building shuddered and swayed from side to side, but no damage was done. — Во время бомбежки здание качалось и вздрагивало, но разрушений не было. The train began to slow down and shuddered to a halt when it got to the station. — Поезд начал тормозить, вздрогнул и остановился, подъехав к станции.4. to shiver — дрожать (мелкой дрожью, особенно от холода или пережитого испуга): As the patient's fever grew worse, his body began to shiver uncontrollably. — По мере того, как у больного поднимался жар, все его тело начало непроизвольно дрожать. Ellen shivered in horror, «To think that I almost married a murderer!» — Эллен в ужасе задрожала: «Подумать только, я чуть было не вышла замуж за убийцу!» They were all shivering in their thin coats praying that the bus would come soon. — Они все дрожали в своих легких пальто, молясь, чтобы побыстрее пришел автобус. to tremble —дрожать, вздрагивать беспокойно, слабо дрожать (особенно из-за нервозности, возбуждения, расстройства или гнева): Mothers' lips were trembling, she seemed to be going to start crying again. — Губы матери дрожали, она была па грани того, чтобы вновь расплакаться. I was so nervous during the wedding ceremony that my hands were trembling when I put the ring on her finger. — Я так нервничал во время брачной церемонии, что у меня дрожали руки, когда я надевал ей на палец кольцо. She was trembling with excitement at the thought of meeting him. — Она вся дрожала от возбуждения при мысли о встрече с ним. to start — дрожать, вздрогнуть, подскочить (от удивления, испуга или неожиданности): The noise made him start. От этого звука он вздрогнул. to wobble — дрожать, качаться из стороны в сторону, трястись (терять равновесие, не имея поддержки): I tried to stand on a chair but it wobbled too much. — Я пытался устоять на стуле, но он слишком сильно шатался. Carrying so many boxes her legs wobbled and suddenly everything went crashing to the floor. — Она несла столько коробок, что потеряла равновесие, и все вдруг с грохотом полетело на пол. The jelly was difficult to eat because it was wobbling so much. — Желе было трудно есть, так как оно сильно дрожало и ускользало с вилки. The table was old and wobbled so much that food and drink was always getting spelt. — Стол был старый и так сильно шатался, что пища и напитки все время проливались.8. tо quiver — дрожать (почти не заметной дрожью, особенно от возбуждения или нервозности): John's hands were quivering as he put down his paper and started his speech. Руки у Джона слегка дрожали, когда он положил на стол свои заметки и начал выступление. The children stood there quivering with excitement as I opened the package. Пока я открывала пакет, дети стояли около, дрожа от возбуждения./ Дети стояли, дрожа от нетерпения, пока я открывала пакет.9. to twitch — дрожать, дергаться (относится к частям тела, которые дрожат потому, что мускулы не могут расслабиться): At first we thought the cat was dead, when its tail twitched. — Сначала нам показалось, что кот умер, но потом у него задрожал хвост./Сначала мы подумали, что кот умер, но потом у него дернулся хвост. Robert's mouth twitched as he tried to stop himself laughing out loud. — Уголки рта у Роберта задрожали, выдавая его попытку удержаться от того, чтобы не рассмеяться во весь голос. -
114 خف
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115 لعبة
لُعْبَة \ doll: a plaything made like a human figure. game: any form of play, esp. one in which there are rules: children’s games; a game of cards. move: a change of position; (in games, etc.) a planned change of position: a clever move. plaything: sth. (a ball, a wooden horse, etc.) for a child to play with. poker: a card game. toy: a child’s plaything: a toy train. \ لُعْبَة \ hoax: a trick, esp. one that makes sb. believe sth. which is not true, sometimes intended as a joke: They were annoyed when they discovered that the fire warning was only a hoax. \ See Also حِيلة خِداعيّة \ لُعْبَة الإسْكْوَاش \ squash: a game for 2 or 4 players, who hit a small rubber ball against the walls of a small court. \ لُعْبَة أطفال (خَشْخاشة) \ rattle: a baby’s toy that rattles. \ لُعْبَة البَدمنْتُون \ badminton: a game played by hitting a feathered object over a high net. \ لُعْبَةُ البردْج (بوَرَق اللَّعب) \ bridge: a kind of card game. \ لُعْبَة البِلْيَارْدُو \ billiards: a game played inside a house, etc., with hard balls and long sticks on a special table. \ لُعْبَة البُولو \ polo: a game played by people on horses, with long sticks and a ball. \ لُعْبَة البُولو المائي \ water polo: a game played by swimmers, with a large ball. \ لُعْبَة الغُولف \ golf: a game in which a small ball is hit into various holes on a wide piece of land. \ لُعْبَة الدّاما \ draughts, checkers: a game for two people, with round pieces on a board of 64 squares. \ لُعْبَة رياضيَّة \ game: a form of play that needs skill with a ball: My son is good at games. \ لُعْبَة الشِّطْرَنْج \ chess: a game of skill for two players in which pieces are moved over a squared board. \ لُعْبَة الصُّوَر المُقَطَّعة \ jigsaw, puzzle: a picture on a thin board which is cut into small pieces of irregular shapes, to be fitted together (for amusement). \ لُعْبَة القَنَاني \ skittles: a game in which one throws a ball to knock down some bottle-shaped pieces of wood. \ See Also الأوتاد الخَشَبيَّة \ لُعْبَة الكُرَة الطائِرَة \ volleyball: a game in which players use their hands to hit a large light ball across a net (without letting it touch the ground). \ لُعْبَة كُرة الطاولة \ ping-pong: also table tennis a game in which 2 or 4 players hit a small plastic ball over a net on a table. \ لُعْبَة كُرَة القَدَم \ soccer: association football. \ لُعْبَة كرة القدم (البريطانية) \ association football, soccer: a game using a round football. rugby football: a kind of football that is played with team of 15 or 13 players, who may handle the egg-shaped ball. \ لُعْبَةُ الكِركيت \ cricket: a summer game played by two teams of eleven players on a large field. \ لُعْبَة الكلمات المتقاطِعة \ crossword: (also crossword puzzle) a game in which words must be guessed, so as to fill the spaces on a specially marked paper. \ لُعْبَة النَّطّة \ leapfrog: a game in which children jump with open legs over the bent backs of others. \ لُعْبَة الهُوكي \ hockey: a game (for teams of eleven) that is played with curved sticks and a hard ball. \ لُعْبَة الهوكي على الجليد \ ice hockey: a form of hockey (for teams of six) played on ice, with a flat piece of rubber instead of a ball. -
116 hoof
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117 sandal
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118 slipper
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119 πέτρα
πέτρα, ας, ἡ (Hom. [πέτρη as ‘massive stone’ Il. 15, 273; Od. 10, 87f]+; loanw. in rabb.).① bedrock or massive rock formations, rock as distinguished from stones (s. 2 below)ⓐ lit., of the rock in which a tomb is hewn (s. λατομέω 1) Mt 27:60; Mk 15:46. The rocks split apart during an earthquake Mt 27:51 (cp. PGM 12, 242). αἱ πέτραι w. τὰ ὄρη (PGM 13, 872; all the elements are in disorder) Rv 6:16; likew. vs. 15, where πέτρα rather takes on the mng. rocky grotto (as Il. 2, 88; 4, 107; Soph., Phil. 16 al.; Judg 15:13; 1 Km 13:6; Is 2:10; Pr 30:26. Cp. Diod S 5, 39, 5 ἐν ταῖς κοίλαις πέτραις καὶ σπηλαίοις). πέτρα rocky ground with a thin layer of topsoil Lk 8:6, 13 (Maximus Tyr. 20, 9g ἐπὶ πετρῶν σπείρεις; Pla., Leg. 8, 838e; Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 302 D.; PSI 433, 6 [260 B.C.] οὐκ ἐφυτεύθη ἐπὶ τῆς πέτρας). It forms a suitable foundation for the building of a house Mt 7:24f; Lk 6:48ab v.l.—Used w. an adj.: of Sinai π. ἔρημος a barren rock B 11:3 (Is 16:1). στερεὰ πέτρα 5:14; 6:3 (both Is 50:7; cp. En 22:1; 26:5; OdeSol 11:5). π. ἰσχυρά 11:5 (Is 33:16). π. ἀκίνητος IPol 1:1.—The rock in the vision of Hermas: Hs 9, 2, 1f; 9, 3, 1; 9, 4, 2; 9, 5, 3; 9, 9, 7; 9, 12, 1 (the interpretation); 9, 13, 5; 9, 14, 4.—The rock at various places in the desert fr. which Moses drew water by striking it (Ex 17:6; Num 20:8ff; Ps 77:15f, 20; Philo, Mos. 1, 210; Jos., Ant. 3, 86; Just., D. 86, 1; Mel.—Apollon. Rhod. 4, 1444–46: Heracles, when thirsty, struck a πέτρη at the suggestion of a divinity, and a great stream of water gushed forth at once). Paul calls it πνευματικὴ πέτρα 1 Cor 10:4a and identifies it w. the preexistent Christ vs. 4b (EEllis, JBL 76, ’57, 53–56; Philo, Leg. All. 2, 86 πέτρα = σοφία, Det. Pot. Ins. 118=λόγος θεῖος).ⓑ in wordplay (as symbol of firmness Reader, Polemo p. 265) w. the name Πέτρος (GGander, RTP n.s. 29, ’41, 5–29). The apostle so named, or the affirmation he has just made, is the rock on which Christ will build his church (for the figure s. Od. 17, 463: Antinous fails to shake Odysseus, who stands firm as rock.—Arrian, Anab. 4, 18, 4ff; 4, 21, 1ff; 4, 28, 1ff πέτρα is a rocky district [so also Antig. Car. 165] as the foundation of an impregnable position or a rocky fortress; 4, 28, 1; 2 this kind of πέτρα could not be conquered even by Heracles.—Diod S 19, 95, 2 and 4; 19, 96, 1; 19, 97, 1 and 2; 19, 98, 1 al. ἡ πέτρα [always with the article] is the rock [Petra] that keeps the Nabataeans safe from all enemy attacks; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Στάσις: πόλις ἐπὶ πέτρης μεγάλης of a city that cannot be taken) Mt 16:18 (s. ADell, ZNW 15, 1914, 1–49; 17, 1916, 27–32; OImmisch, ibid. 17, 1916, 18–26; Harnack, SBBerlAk 1918, 637–54; 1927, 139–52; RBultmann, ZNW 19, 1920, 165–74, ThBl 20, ’41, 265–79; FKattenbusch, Der Quellort der Kirchenidee: Festgabe für Harnack 1921, 143–72, Der Spruch über Pt. u. d. Kirche bei Mt: StKr 94, 1922, 96–131; SEuringer, D. Locus Classicus des Primates: AEhrhard Festschr. 1922, 141–79; HDieckmann, Die Verfassung der Urkirche 1923; JJeremias, Αγγελος II 1926, 108–17; ECaspar, Primatus Petri 1927; KGoetz, Pt. als Gründer u. Oberhaupt der Kirche 1927; JGeiselmann, D. petrin. Primat (Mt 16:17ff) 1927; BBartmann, ThGl 20, 1928, 1–17; HKoch, Cathedra Petri 1930; TEngert, ‘Tu es Pt’: Ricerche relig. 6, 1930, 222–60; FSeppelt, Gesch. d. Papsttums I ’31, 9–46; JTurmel, La papauté ’33, 101ff; VBurch, JBL 52, ’33, 147–52; JHaller, D. Papsttum I ’34, 1–31; ACotter, CBQ 4, ’42, 304–10; WKümmel, Kirchenbegr. u. Gesch.-bewusstsein in d. Urgem. u. b. Jesus: SymbBUps 1, ’43; OSeitz, JBL 69, ’50, 329–40. OCullmann, TManson mem. vol., ’59, 94–105; OBetz, ZNW 48, ’57, 49–77; cp. 1QH 6:26–28; HClavier, Bultmann Festschr., ’54, 94–107.—OCullmann, TW VI 94–99: πέτρα. S. also the lit. under Πέτρος, end).② a piece of rock, rock (in an OT quot., where πέτρα is used in parallelism w. λίθος) π. σκανδάλου Ro 9:33; 1 Pt 2:8 (both Is 8:14).—B. 51. DELG. M-M. TW. -
120 kuru
"1. dry; dried. 2. dead (plant). 3. emaciated, thin. 4. bare, unadorned, unfurnished. 5. empty, hollow, vain, meaningless. 6. dry, unfeeling, curt (utterance). 7. slang hashish, hash. - başına all alone. - başına kalmak to be left without friends or relatives, be all on one´s own. - çeşme dry fountain. - duvar dry wall. - ekmek dry bread, bread eaten with nothing else. - erik prune. - fasulye 1. dried beans. 2. a dish made of stewed dried beans. - filtre dry filter (for an air conditioner). - gürültü 1. meaningless excitement, much ado about nothing. 2. bluster, empty talk. - hava dry air. - havuz naut. dry dock, floating dock, floating dry dock. - iftira sheer calumny. - incir dried fig. - kafes mere skeleton, skin and bones. - kalabalık 1. crowd of idle onlookers. 2. useless and worn-out things, junk. -da kalmak naut. (for a ship or boat) to be grounded at low tide. - kaymak clotted cream, Devonshire cream. - köfte grilled meat patty. - kuruya uselessly, in vain. - kuyu dry well, cesspool, sink. - laf empty promise(s). - laf karın doyurmaz. proverb Empty promises don´t fill one´s belly. - meyve bot. nut. - ot 1. hay. 2. dried herb. - öksürük dry cough. - poğaça a flaky, savory pastry. - sıkı 1. blank (shot). 2. bluff, empty threat. - sıkı atmak to utter empty threats. - soğuk dry cold. - tahtada kalmak to be left without a stick of furniture in one´s house. - tekne hull, hulk. - temizleme dry cleaning. - temizleyici dry cleaner. - üzüm raisins. - vaat empty promise. -nun yanında/arasında yaş da yanar. proverb Sometimes the innocent suffer along with the guilty. - yemiş 1. dried fruit. 2. (edible) nuts. - yemişçi seller of dried fruit and nuts."
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