-
1 hard
• paha• tiukasti• tuima• tukala• tiukka• innokkaasti• jämerä• jähmeä• työläs• erektio• sitkeä• ahkerasti• ahkeraan• ankara• uutterasti• vaivalloinen• vaikea• pulmallinen• raskas• rankka• tiivis• karkea• katkera• kestävä• kiinteä• kalsea• jäykkä• hankala• navakka• säälimätön• tarkka• kovaluontoinen• kovasti• kovasydäminen• kovapintainen• kova• konsistentti• kovaa• kompakti• lujaa• luja• lujasti* * *1. adjective1) (firm; solid; not easy to break, scratch etc: The ground is too hard to dig.) kova2) (not easy to do, learn, solve etc: Is English a hard language to learn?; He is a hard man to please.) vaikea3) (not feeling or showing kindness: a hard master.) kova4) ((of weather) severe: a hard winter.) ankara5) (having or causing suffering: a hard life; hard times.) kova6) ((of water) containing many chemical salts and so not easily forming bubbles when soap is added: The water is hard in this part of the country.) kova2. adverb1) (with great effort: He works very hard; Think hard.) kovasti2) (with great force; heavily: Don't hit him too hard; It was raining hard.) kovaa3) (with great attention: He stared hard at the man.) kiinteästi4) (to the full extent; completely: The car turned hard right.) kokonaan•- harden- hardness
- hardship
- hard-and-fast
- hard-back
- hard-boiled
- harddisk
- hard-earned
- hard-headed
- hard-hearted
- hardware
- hard-wearing
- be hard on
- hard at it
- hard done by
- hard lines/luck
- hard of hearing
- a hard time of it
- a hard time
- hard up -
2 allow
• hyvittää• tunnustaa• varata• sietää• antaa lupa• antaa• päästää• myöntää• myöntää (antaa)• sallia• suoda• suostua• laillistaa• laskea• poistaa• luvata* * *1) (not to forbid or prevent: He allowed me to enter; Playing football in the street is not allowed.) sallia2) ((with for) to take into consideration when judging or deciding: These figures allow for price rises.) ottaa lukuun3) (to give, especially for a particular purpose or regularly: His father allows him too much money.) antaa•- make allowance for -
3 short-change
verb (to cheat (a buyer) by giving him too little change.) antaa liian vähän takaisin -
4 flatter
• nöyristellä• hännystellä• imarrella• tyssäysvasara• keimailla• liehitellä• liehiä• liehakoida• hakkailla• mielistellä• makeilla• mairitella• pokkuroida• kosiskella* * *'flætə1) (to praise too much or insincerely: Flatter him by complimenting him on his singing.) imarrella2) (to show, describe etc someone or something as being better than someone etc really is: The photograph flatters him.) esittää edullisessa valossa3) (to be pleased to say about (oneself) (that one can do something): I flatter myself that I can speak French perfectly.) onnitella•- flattery -
5 only
• paitsi• vasta• vielä• enää• ainoastaan• ainoa• ainut• vain• mutta• pelkästään• pelkkä• suinkaan• suinkin• yksi• yksin• yksistään• yksinomaan* * *'əunli 1. adjective(without any others of the same type: He has no brothers or sisters - he's an only child; the only book of its kind.) ainoa2. adverb1) (not more than: We have only two cups left; He lives only a mile away.) vain2) (alone: Only you can do it.) vain3) (showing the one action done, in contrast to other possibilities: I only scolded the child - I did not smack him.) pelkästään4) (not longer ago than: I saw him only yesterday.) vasta, juuri5) (showing the one possible result of an action: If you do that, you'll only make him angry.) ainoastaan3. conjunction(except that, but: I'd like to go, only I have to work.) mutta- only too -
6 familiar
• tutunomainen• tuttavallinen• tuttu• epävirallinen• tavanomainen• perehtynyt• ystävällinen• kotoinen• läheinen tuttu• läheinen* * *fə'miljə1) (well-known: The house was familiar to him; She looks very familiar (to me).) tuttu2) ((with with) knowing about: Are you familiar with the plays of Shakespeare?) perehtynyt3) (too friendly: You are much too familiar with my wife!) tuttavallinen•- familiarity
- familiarize
- familiarise
- familiarization
- familiarisation -
7 also
• paitsi• niin ikään• vielä• edelleen• sitäpaitsi• -kin• kin• lisäksi• myöskin• myös• samoin* * *'o:lsəu(in addition or besides; too: He is studying German but he is also studying French; They know him and I know him also.) myös -
8 to
• rinnalla• saakka• jotakin kohti• jonnekin• jollekin• jotta• tykö• verrata• asti• siirtyä• vaihtua• vailla• päin• kanssa• kohtaan• kohti• kohden• liki• likelle• myöten• per• marssikäsky• matkalla• taipumus• lähelle• luokse• lähettyville• luo* * *1. tə,tu preposition1) (towards; in the direction of: I cycled to the station; The book fell to the floor; I went to the concert/lecture/play.) johonkin2) (as far as: His story is a lie from beginning to end.) saakka3) (until: Did you stay to the end of the concert?) asti4) (sometimes used to introduce the indirect object of a verb: He sent it to us; You're the only person I can talk to.) jollekin5) (used in expressing various relations: Listen to me!; Did you reply to his letter?; Where's the key to this door?; He sang to (the accompaniment of) his guitar.) johonkin6) (into a particular state or condition: She tore the letter to pieces.) ksi7) (used in expressing comparison or proportion: He's junior to me; Your skill is superior to mine; We won the match by 5 goals to 2.) verrattuna8) (showing the purpose or result of an action etc: He came quickly to my assistance; To my horror, he took a gun out of his pocket.)9) (tə used before an infinitive eg after various verbs and adjectives, or in other constructions: I want to go!; He asked me to come; He worked hard to (= in order to) earn a lot of money; These buildings were designed to (= so as to) resist earthquakes; She opened her eyes to find him standing beside her; I arrived too late to see him.)10) (used instead of a complete infinitive: He asked her to stay but she didn't want to.)2. tu: adverb1) (into a closed or almost closed position: He pulled/pushed the door to.) kiinni2) (used in phrasal verbs and compounds: He came to (= regained consciousness).)• -
9 chance
• olot• onnenkauppa• onni• riskeerata• riski• todennäköisyys• veto• edellytykset• edellytys• arpapeli• tilaisuus• sauma• sattuma• satunnainen• sattua• sattumus• mahdollisuus• sporadinen• tapahtua* * *1. noun1) (luck or fortune: It was by chance that I found out the truth.) sattuma2) (an opportunity: Now you have a chance to do well.) tilaisuus3) (a possibility: He has no chance of winning.) mahdollisuus4) ((a) risk: There's an element of chance in this business deal.) riski2. verb1) (to risk: I may be too late but I'll just have to chance it.) riskeerata2) (to happen accidentally or unexpectedly: I chanced to see him last week.) sattua3. adjective(happening unexpectedly: a chance meeting.) satunnainen- chancy- chance on
- upon
- by any chance
- by chance
- an even chance
- the chances are -
10 choke
• padotatechnology• rikastin• ryypytin• ryyppy• tukehtua• tukahduttaa• tukkeutua• tukehduttaa• tukahtua• tukkia• hotkaista• kaventaa• pidättää• kuristaaelectricity• kuristuskelatechnology• kuristintechnology• kuristusventtiili• kuristuskäämi• läkähtyä* * *əuk 1. verb1) (to (cause to) stop, or partly stop, breathing: The gas choked him; He choked to death.) tukehduttaa, tukehtua2) (to block: This pipe was choked with dirt.) tukkia2. noun(an apparatus in a car engine etc to prevent the passage of too much air when starting the engine.) kuristusläppä -
11 death
• tuoni• hengenlähtö• hengenmeno• viikatemies• kalma• mana• surma• kuolemantapaus• kuolema• kuolo• poismeno• loppu* * *deƟ1) (the act of dying: There have been several deaths in the town recently; Most people fear death.) kuolema, kuolemantapaus2) (something which causes one to die: Smoking too much was the death of him.) kuolema3) (the state of being dead: eyes closed in death.) kuolema•- deathly- death-bed
- death certificate
- at death's door
- catch one's death of cold
- catch one's death
- put to death
- to death -
12 disqualify
• julistaa kilpailukelvottomaksi• hylätä• diskvalifioida• diskata• reputtaa• tehdä kelpaamattomaksi• jäävätä• sulkea• sulkea pois* * *1) (to put out of a competition etc for breaking rules: She was disqualified for being too young.) diskvalifioida2) (to make unfit for some purpose: His colour-blindness disqualified him for the Air Force.) estää pääsy• -
13 except
• paitsi• jättää lukuunottamatta• esittää vastaväite• sulkea pois• lukuun ottamatta* * *ik'sept 1. preposition(leaving out; not including: They're all here except him; Your essay was good except that it was too long.) paitsi2. verb(to leave out or exclude.) sulkea pois- excepted- excepting
- exception
- exceptional
- exceptionally
- except for
- take exception to/at -
14 favour
• palvelus• hyödyttää• hemmotella• hellitellä• helliä• erityisetu• puoltaa• kohteliaisuus• lellitellä• lelliä• kannattaa• suosionosoitus• suopeus• suosio• suosia• suositettu• suosiollisuus• suosittelu* * *'feivə 1. noun1) (a kind action: Will you do me a favour and lend me your car?) palvelus2) (kindness or approval: She looked on him with great favour.) suopeus3) (preference or too much kindness: By doing that he showed favour to the other side.) suosinta4) (a state of being approved of: He was very much in favour with the Prime Minister.) suosio2. verb(to support or show preference for: Which side do you favour?) kannattaa- favourably
- favourite 3. noun(a person or thing that one likes best: Of all her paintings that is my favourite.) suosikki- in favour of
- in one's favour -
15 might
• voima• valta• voimallisuus• potentiaali• pystyvyys• teho• kapasiteetti• saattaisi• mahtavuus• mahti• taito• kyky* * *I(-)1) (past tense of may: I thought I might find you here; He might come if you offered him a meal.) saattaa2) (used instead of `may', eg to make a possibility seem less likely, or a request for permission more polite: He might win if he tries hard; Might I speak to you for a few minutes, please?) saattaisi, saada3) (used in suggesting that a person is not doing what he should: You might help me clean the car!) voida•- might have
- I might have known II(power or strength: The might of the opposing army was too great for us.) mahti- mighty- mightily
- mightiness -
16 mother
• hoivata äidin tavoin• emo• emä• kantaäiti• perheenäiti• äititechnology• äitiö* * *1. noun1) (a female parent, especially human: John's mother lives in Manchester; ( also adjective) The mother bird feeds her young.) äiti2) ((often with capital: also Mother Superior) the female leader of a group of nuns.) abbedissa2. verb(to care for as a mother does; to protect (sometimes too much): His wife tries to mother him.) holhota- motherless
- motherly
- motherliness
- mother-country
- motherland
- mother-in-law
- mother-of-pearl
- mother-tongue -
17 over
• ohitse• ohi• nurin• iki• jäljellä• jäljelle• erimielinen• aikana• uudelleen• ulko-• päällä• päällitse• päälle• päällystää• liika• liika-• yli• ylä-• yläpuolella• ääressä• yläpuolelle• yli-• yllä• ylen• ylitse• kovin• kumoon• pitkään• lopussa• läpi* * *'əuvə 1. preposition1) (higher than; above in position, number, authority etc: Hang that picture over the fireplace; He's over 90 years old.) yläpuolella, yli2) (from one side to another, on or above the top of; on the other side of: He jumped over the gate; She fell over the cat; My friend lives over the street.) yli, toisella puolella3) (covering: He put his handkerchief over his face.) päällä, päälle4) (across: You find people like him all over the world.) joka puolella5) (about: a quarrel over money.) vuoksi6) (by means of: He spoke to her over the telephone.) välityksellä7) (during: Over the years, she grew to hate her husband.) kuluessa8) (while having etc: He fell asleep over his dinner.) kesken, aikana2. adverb1) (higher, moving etc above: The plane flew over about an hour ago.)2) (used to show movement, change of position: He rolled over on his back; He turned over the page.)3) (across: He went over and spoke to them.)4) (downwards: He fell over.)5) (higher in number etc: for people aged twenty and over.)6) (remaining: There are two cakes for each of us, and two over.)7) (through from beginning to end, carefully: Read it over; Talk it over between you.)3. adjective(finished: The affair is over now.) ylitse4. noun((in cricket) a certain number of balls bowled from one end of the wicket: He bowled thirty overs in the match.) vuoro5. as part of a word1) (too (much), as in overdo.)2) (in a higher position, as in overhead.)3) (covering, as in overcoat.)4) (down from an upright position, as in overturn.)5) (completely, as in overcome.)•- over all
- over and done with -
18 overwork
• liikarasitus• ylirasittua• ylirasitus* * *əuvə'wə:k(the act of working too hard: It's overwork that made him ill.) ylirasitus -
19 put
• panna• painaa• ilmaista• työntö• tuottaa• esittää• sijoittaa• arvioida• asetella• asettaa• yhteensä• pukkaus• sanoa• saattaa• sovittaa• laittaa• laskea• latoa• ladella• lausua• pistäytyä• pistää• pistellä* * *putpresent participle - putting; verb1) (to place in a certain position or situation: He put the plate in the cupboard; Did you put any sugar in my coffee?; He put his arm round her; I'm putting a new lock on the door; You're putting too much strain on that rope; When did the Russians first put a man into space?; You've put me in a bad temper; Can you put (=translate) this sentence into French?) panna2) (to submit or present (a proposal, question etc): I put several questions to him; She put her ideas before the committee.) esittää3) (to express in words: He put his refusal very politely; Children sometimes have such a funny way of putting things!) muotoilla4) (to write down: I'm trying to write a letter to her, but I don't know what to put.) kirjoittaa5) (to sail in a particular direction: We put out to sea; The ship put into harbour for repairs.) suunnata•- put-on- a put-up job
- put about
- put across/over
- put aside
- put away
- put back
- put by
- put down
- put down for
- put one's feet up
- put forth
- put in
- put in for
- put off
- put on
- put out
- put through
- put together
- put up
- put up to
- put up with -
20 run away
• paeta• juosta• karku• karata• pillastua* * *1) (to escape: He ran away from school.) karata2) ((with with) to steal: He ran away with all her money.) kähveltää3) ((with with) to go too fast etc to be controlled by: The horse ran away with him.) riistäytyä ohjaksista
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