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1 glugga-/vegg-/sængurtjöld
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2 REFILL
(dat. refli, pl. reflar), m. tapestry, hangings.* * *m., dat. refli, pl. reflar, tapestry, hangings round the walls of ancient halls; refil sextögan at lengd, Gísl. 21; ok skyldu tjalda húsin … vel kæmi oss nú reflarnir þeir hinir góðu, 27; hann fal sik á bak reflunum, MS. 4. 41; Þyri lét taka ofan allan hallar-búning, en síðan lét hón tjalda í staðinn blám reflum, þar til er altjölduð var höllin, Fms. xi. 17; refla sæmiliga, Bs. i. 877. The churches in the Roman Catholic times were hung with such tapestry; reflar um kirkju, reflar um alla kirkju are standing phrases in the má’dagar; kirkja á refil er tekr um fram-kirkju alla, Vm. 46; fornan refil um kór, 21; refill fjórar álnir ok tuttugu ok er á Karlamagnús Saga (of hangings with embroidery from the Life of Charlemagne), Jm. 32; reflar um alla kirkju ok engi tjöld undir, Pm. 16; fornir reflar vándir, fimm reflar góðir, Dipl. iii. 4; refil-stubbr, a fragment of a refil, Vm. 157. In poetry a lady is called refla grund, brú, brík, Lex. Poët.: the shield is refill Óðins, Edda ii. 428: of sails, Fas. iii. 204 (in a verse).II. [cp. refr], a serpent (?), whence the name of a sword, Edda 73.III. the pr. name of a sea-king, Edda. -
3 TJALD
* * *n.1) tent, on land or on ships, esp. when in harbour; bregða tjöldum, to take down (strike) the tents;2) hangings, tapestry.* * *n., pl. tjöld; [A. S. teld; Engl. tilt = the cover of a cart; Dan. telt]:—a tent, Ísl. ii. 178, Eg. 276: tents were pitched not only on land, but on ships, esp. when in harbour; dreki með tjöldum ok öllum reiða, 44; róðrar-skútu ok þar með reiða allan, tjöld ok vistir, 76; hann gékk út á skipit ok fyrir útan tjöldin, 195; láta þeir þegar af sér tjöldin, 261; bregða stafn-tjöldum, Hkv. 1; hlupu menn þá upp skyndiliga ok ráku af sér tjöldin, Fms. x. 135 (v. l.), viii. 130. At the time of public meetings (such as parliament) the men lived in tents; at þinglausnum þá er menn bregða tjöldum sínum, Grág. ii. 93; en er hann kom á þingit ok búð hans var tjöldut þá lét hann tjalda undir svörtum tjöldum innar af til þess at þá væri síðr skírdræpt, Ó. H. 156; for the tent-booths in market-places, see Ld. ch. 12, Fbr. 51, 52 new Ed.; land-tjald, a tent ashore.2. hangings, of a church; kirkja á tjöld umhverfis, … kirkju-tjöld öll, … tjöld um alla kirkju, … búning allan í tjöldum … tjöld um kór, D.I. i. 251 sqq. passim.II. for local names, Tjald-brekka, Tjalda-staðir, Tjalda-nes, Tjalda-vellir, Landn., Sturl.B. COMPDS: tjaldáss, tjaldbúð, tjalddyrr, tjaldkúla, tjaldlauss, tjaldalauss, tjaldleppr, tjaldsnagli, tjaldsrúm, tjaldskör, tjaldaslitr, tjaldsmótti, tjaldsperra, tjaldstaðr, tjaldsteinn, tjaldstokkr, tjaldstuðill, tjaldstæðingr, tjaldstöng, tjaldströnur, tjaldtöturr, tjaldviðir. -
4 tjalda
* * *(að), v.1) to pitch a tent (þat var annarr siðr þeira at tjalda aldri á skipum);2) to hang with cloth or tapestry (lét Þyri tjalda höllina grám vaðmálum).* * *að, to pitch a tent, Fms. vi. 181, v. 286, Hkr. iii. 286: on ships, þat var annarr siðr þeirra at tjalda aldri á skipum, Fas. ii. 37; þeir lögðu skip sitt til hafnar, en er þeir höfðu tjaldat ok um búizk, Eg. 37; þeir sá þar fyrir bænum fljóta langskip tjaldat, 88, Hkr. ii. 43; er þeir höfðu tjaldat ok fest skip sitt, Fms. vii. 314; þeir höfðu tjaldat yfir skipi sínu, Eg. 121: vagn tjaldaðan, a tilted or covered wagon, Hkr. i. 70; tjalda klæðum of kistu, Bs. i. In places of annual popular meetings such as the Icel. Alþing, each priest or man of mark had his own búð, viz. four roofless walls, which remained open; and when parliament met, he threw a tent over his booth as a roof, dressing it out as a room with hangings and benches; this was called ‘tjalda búð,’ see Grág. i. 186, and Nj. passim, Ó. H. ch. 133 (for the Faroe), and Mr. Dasent’s Burnt Njal.2. of the hangings of a bed; rekkjan var vel tjöldut, Fs. 5; höll tjaldat inum fegrsta borða, Nj. 6; tjalda höllina grám vaðmálum, Fms. i. 118; hann lét t. kirkju borða þeim er hann hafði út haft, Bs. i. 77: of a canopy, tjaldat var um þveran skálann í milli þeirra, 41. -
5 ár-salr
and ársali, a, m. [a foreign word, introduced from Britain], precious hangings of a bed, Eb. 262, Edda 18 (ársali); ársal allan, Gkv. 2. 26; allan ársala, Js. 78; an obsolete word.II. in the east of Icel. ársali [ár, annona, and selja] means annual produce, the stores or crop of a year. -
6 BJÓRR
I)m. beer (öl heitir með mönnum, en með Ásum bjórr).(-s, -ar), m.1) triangular cut off piece of skin (bjórar þeir, er menn sníða ór skóm sínum fyrir tám eða hæl);2) triangular strip of land, = geiri (bjórr lá ónuminn fyrir austan Fljót);3) front wall, party wall; engi var bjórrinn milli húsanna, there was no partition between the houses;4) a sort of tapestry of triangular shape (var stofan vel tjölduð ok settir upp bjórar).(-s, -ar), m. beaver, esp. the beaver’s skin (bjórr ok safali).* * *1.m. [O. H. G. pior or bior; Low Germ. and mod. Germ. bier; Fris. biar; A. S. bior; Engl. beer], no doubt a word of German extraction, öl (öldr), ale, being the familiar word used in prose:—bjór hardly ever occurs, vide however Hkr. iii. 447, Bk. 48, 89, 96 (Norse); and is a foreign word, as is indicated even by the expression in the Alvismál—öl heitir með mönnum, en með Ásum bjór, ale it is called by men, by gods beer: bjór however is very current in poetry, but the more popular poems, such as the Hávamál, only speak of öl or öldr, Hm. 11, 13, 65, 80, 132, 138.2.m. [Lat. fiber; A. S. beofar], a beaver, esp. the beaver’s skin, Eg. 71, in the phrase, b. ok savali.2. a triangular cut off piece of skin, [cp. provincial Swed. bjaur]; þat eru bjórar þeir er menn sníða ór skóm sínum fyrir tám eðr hael, Edda 42; still used in Icel. in that sense.II. metaph. a small piece of land (an απ. λεγ. as it seems); bjór lá ónuminn fyrir austan Fljót, Landn. 284.3.m., must be different from the preceding word, synonymous with brjóstþili, a wall in a house, a party wall, but also in the 13th and 14th centuries freq. a costly tapestry used in halls at festivals and in churches; hrindum hallar bjóri, let us break down the wall of the hall, Hálfs S. Fas. ii. (in a verse); eingi var bjórrinn milli húsanna, there was no partition between the houses, Sturl. iii. 177; gengu þeir í stofuna, var hón vel tjölduð ok upp settir bjórar, 229; annarr hlutrinn stökk útar í bjórinn, svá at þar varð fastr, Háv. 40.β. of a movable screen between choir and nave, of cloth or costly stuff, different from tjöld ( hangings) and reflar; hann lét Atla prest penta allt ræfr innan, ok svá allan bjórinn, Bs. i. 132; kirkja á tjöld umhverfis sik með tvennum bjórum, Vm. 153; kirkja tjölduð sæmiligum tjöldum ok þrír bjórar, 171, D. I. i. 402; bjórr framan um kór, tjöld um alla kirkju, Pm. 103; b. slitinn blámerktr yfir altari, 108, Bs. ii. 476, 322; vide bjórþili. -
7 BÚÐ
I)f.farmanna búðir, merchants’ booths; esp. of the temporary dwellings at the Icelandic parliament;tjalda búð, to fit up a booth (with tent-roof and hangings);2) abode, dwelling place;fara búðum, to change one’s abode;hafa harða, kalda búð, to have a hard, cold abode.(= búið, búit), used as adv., may be;búð svá sé til ætlat, may be, it will come so to happen;búð eigi hendi hann slíka úgiptu í annat sinn, may be he will not have such misfortune again.* * *f.I. [Engl. booth; Germ. bude; Dan. bod: not from búa], a booth, shop; farmanna búðir, merchants’ booths: setja búðir, Eg. 163; hafa búðir á landi, Grág. i. 91, the booths in the harbour being but temporary and being removed as soon as the ship went to sea.β. specially used of the temporary abodes in the Icel. parliament, where, as the meeting only lasted two weeks a year, the booths remained empty the rest of the year; hence tjalda ( to dress) búðir, viz. during the session for the use of its owner. But every goði ( priest) and every family had their own ‘booth,’ which also took their names from a single man or ruling family, e. g. Allsherjar b., Sturl. ii. 44; Snorra b., 125; b. Skapta, Nj. 220; b. Hafliða, Sturl. i. 44: from families or districts, Ölfusinga b., Nj. 181; Möðruvellinga b., 182, 247; Skagfirðinga b., 182; Jöklamanna b., Sturl. ii. 158; Austfirðinga b., 158, 159; Saurbæinga b., 82; Dalamanna b., Nj. 48; Mosfellinga b., 164; Rangæinga b., 48, 180; Ljósvetninga b., 183, 223; Norðlendinga b., 228; Vatnsfirðinga b., 248; Vestfirðingu b., Bs. i. 21; Svínfellinga b., Lv. 18; Skarðverja b., Sturl. i. 199, etc.: other names, Byrgis-búð, 31; Grýta, ii. 45; Dilkr, 158; Valhöll, 126; Hlað-búð, 82, Nj. 244; Virkis-búð, 247. As the alþing was a public meeting, other booths are also mentioned, e. g. Trúða búðir, booths of Jugglers, Troubadours, Grág. ii. 84; Ölbúð, an Ale-booth, beer-shop, Sturl. ii. 125; Sútara búð, a Souter’s (cobbler’s) booth, Grág. ii. 84; Sverð-skriða b., a Tanner’s booth, id.; and Göngumanna búðir, Beggars’ booths, a troop of beggars being an appendage to any old feast or public meeting, cp. Gísl. 54–56: the law (Grágás) forbade the sheltering of beggars at the parliament, but in vain; see numberless passages referring to alþing or fjórðungsþing, esp. Grág. Þ. Þ., Nj., Sturl., Gísl. l. c., Korm. S., Kristni S. A short treatise, called ‘Catastasis of Booths,’ composed about A. D. 1700, is mentioned in Dasent’s Burnt Njal; but it is the mere work of a scholar, not founded upon tradition. As búð is opposed to bú, as a temporary abode to a permanent fixed one, so búðsetumaðr (búð-seta), a cottager, is opposed to bóndi; fara búðum is to change one’s abode, Hkr. ii. 110; Mýramanna-búð, Band. (MS.)γ. in eccl., Tjald-búð is the Tabernacle.2. in the compds í-búð, sam-búð, etc., ‘búð’ is a different word, being simply formed from the verb búa, and of late formation, prob. merely a rendering of Lat. habitatio; whilst búð, a booth, is not related to búa.II. esp. in compds, í-búð, living in; sam-búð, living together; vás-búð, a cold berth, i. e. wet and cold; hafa harða, kalda búð, to have a hard, cold abode, Fms. x. 158 (belongs perh. to I.)COMPDS: búðardvöl, búðardyr, búðargögn, búðarhamarr, búðarketill, búðarkviðr, búðarlið, búðarmaðr, búðarnagli, búðarrúm, búðarsetumaðr, búðarstaðr, búðarsund, búðartópt, búðarveggr, búðarvirki, búðarvist, búðarvörðr. -
8 FASTA
* * *I)(að), v. to fast, abstain from food; f. þurt, to fast on dryfood.f.1) fast, fasting;2) season appointed for fasting (níu vikna f.).* * *u, f. [Ulf. fastubni; O. H. G. fastá; Germ. faste; Swed. fasta; Dan. faste; a word introduced along with Christianity; the old Scandinavians could have no such word, as voluntary fasting was unknown in the heathen rites, and at the first introduction of Christianity the practice was sorely complained of, cp. Hkr. Hák. S. Góða, ch. 17]:—a fast, fasting, Hom. 73, K. Þ. K. 122, Rb. 82; the word therefore occurs first in poets of the beginning of the 11th century, e. g. Fms. vi. 86, cp. boð-f., lög-f., etc.COMPDS: föstuafbrigð, föstubindandi, föstudagr, Föstudagsnótt, Föstukveld, föstumatr, Föstumorgin, Föstunátt, föstutíð, föstutími.II. Lent, Fms. viii. 28, Ld. 320, N. G. L. i. 12; distinction is made between the Easter Lent, (sjö-vikna Fasta, seven weeks Lent, also called langa F., the long Fast, K. Þ. K. 122, Bs. i. 801, and passim; níu-vikna F., the nine weeks Lent, K. Þ. K. 122, Grág. i. 325), and Jóla-f., (the Yule Lent, the time from Advent to Yule, Grág. l. c., Rb. 46, K. Þ. K. 124.) Föstu-gangr or Föstu-ígangr and -inngangr, m. beginning of these seasons, esp. Lent; fimm eru föstu-ígangar, Clem. 58, Sturl. iii. 81, Rb. 4 (v. l.), 48, 76. Föstu-prédikan, f. a Lenten sermon. Föstu-tjald, n. hangings used in churches during Lent, Vm. 52, 109. -
9 hengi-
a prefix, hanging: hengi-flug, n. a precipice: hengi-kjöftr, m. hang-jaw, name of a giant, Edda (Gl.): hengi-skafl, m. a jutting heap of snow, Bs. i. 640: hengi-tjöld, n. hangings, Jm. 21: hengi-vakr, m. a kind of bird, prob. the kittywake: hengi-vígskörð, n. pl. jutting ramparts, Sks. 417. -
10 hús-búnaðr
and hús-búningr, m. house furniture, esp. hangings, tapestry, Js. 78, Fms. vii. 148, Ó. H. 175, Eg. 94, Sturl. ii. 35, Fbr. 138, Vm. 65. -
11 HÖLL
* * *(-s, -ar), m. = hváll.* * *f., gen. hallar, often spelt hall without umlaut, Fb. i. 212, 1. 26, Fas. iii. 42, 87, Fms. viii. 191, v. l.; as also rhymed so in poets, e. g. Geisli 11; [A. S. heal, gen. healle; Engl. hall; Hel. halla; but not found in old and mid. H. G., the mod. Germ. halle being a borrowed word, Grimm’s Gr. iii. 427]:—a hall, but in the Norse only of a king’s or earl’s hall, whereas a private dwelling is called skáli, eldhús, q. v.; and thus ‘hall’ never could be used of an Icel. dwelling. In earlier times it seems to have had a more general sense, which remains in a verse of Kormak, Korm. 42:—in the mythology and old poems ‘hall’ is also used of the hall of gods, giants, Vþm., Hým., Lv.; Val-höll, Valhalla, the hall of the slain, of Odin, Gm., Edda: as also Guðs höll, God’s hall = the heaven, Geisli; dags höll, days’ hall, the sky; höll fjalla, mountain hall, the sky; lífs höll, life’s hall, the breast, Lex. Poët.:—in prose constantly, konungs-höll, a king’s hall, or hall simply, passim. For the building, structure, seats of a hall, see the Sagas passim, Fagrsk. ch. 219, 220, Hrólfs S. Kr. ch. 34, 40, Jómsv. S. ch. 5, 22, Völs. S. ch. 3, Hálfs S. ch. 12, Eg. S. ch. 8, Edda 2, 30–33, 82. As all heathen Scandinavian buildings were of timber, the hall of stone of Nj. ch. 6 is no doubt an anachronism.COMPDS: hallar-búnaðr, -búningr, m. the hangings of a hall, Fms. x. 235, xi. 16. hallar-dyrr, n. pl. hall-doors, Edda 2, Fas. i. 15, Al. 70. hallar-gólf, n. a hall-floor, Edda 31, Fms. iii. 188, vii. 157, Fas. i. 284. hallar-veggr, m. the wall of a hall, Fms. iv. 189, Sks. 709: Höll, name of an Icel. farm, Skáld H., whence Hallar-Steinn, a pr. name. -
12 kirkju-búningr
or -búnaðr, m. church hangings, Vm. 156, K. Þ. K. 154, Hom. 97. -
13 kirkju-tjöld
n. pl. church hangings, Vm. 11, Grág. i. 460. -
14 SKÁLI
* * *m.1) hut, shed (put up for temporary use);* * *a, m. [cp. Scot. shieling; Ivar Aasen skaale = shieling]:—prop. a hut, shed, put up for temporary use; this is the earliest Norse sense, and it is still so used in Norway; þar sér enn skála-tópt þeirra ok svá hrófit, Landn. 30; skála vist at Rauðabjörgum, of a fisherman’s hut, Vm. 147; skála búi, a hut dweller = a robber, Fs.; hence, leik-skálar, play-shielings, put up when people assembled for sports; gufu-skálar, ‘steam-shieling’ a local name, of bathing-sheds (?), Landn.; fiski-skálar, fishing shielings; it also remains in local names as Skála-holt. II. a hall (höll is only used of the king’s hall), see Orkn. ch. 18, 70, 115, Gísl. 29, Dropl. 18, 28, Fms. i. 288–292, Korm. 58, Bs. i. 41, Fbr. ch. 13 new Ed, Nj. ch. 78, Gunnl. S. ch. 11; in Landn. 1. ch. 2, 2. ch. 13, the skáli is a detached building; drykkju-s., a drinking hall; svefn-s., a sleeping hall. In Grág. i. 459 distinction is made between eldhús and skáli; in the Sturl. skáli is distinguished from stofa; and it seems that the men were seated in the former, the women in the latter. At still later times, and so at present, the skáli is an apartment near the entrance, a kind of for-skáli, q. v.; til þess er sér mann ór skála-dyrum ór fjöru í Nesdal, Vm. 87.III. compds, skála-búnaðr, the hangings of a skáli, Glúm. 325; skála-dyrr, -endi, -gluggr, -gólf, -hurð, the doors, end, window, floor, hurdle of a skali, Fms. i. 292, iii. 81, Vm. 87, Nj. 201, Landn. 154 (cp. Nj. 114), Krók. 39 C; skála-görð, -smíð, the building a skáli, Vm. 87, Fms. i. 290, Ld. 138, Rd. 245; skála-tópt, -veggr, -viðr, the quadrangle, wall, timber of a skáli, Landn. 30, 136, Ld. 252, Hrafn. 20, Nj. 282. -
15 STOFA
f. sitting-room (milli stofu ok eldhúss; frá eldaskála inn í stofu).* * *u, f., older form stufa; [A. S. stofa; Engl. stove; Old Germ. stuve; Germ. stube; Dan. stue]:—the oldest sense seems to be that of a stove-room, like Germ. stube, a bathing-room with a ‘stove;’ stofur tvær, þar skyldi konungr taka bað, Bs. i. 632; bað-stofa, q. v.: and to this refers the phrase, kafna í stofu reyk, to be choked with the stove-reek in a bath, as an ignominious death, Grett. 116; stofu-reykr, the reek of a stove; kafna í stofu reyk, Grett. 116 A; stofu-smíð, Sturl. i. 181.2. one of the rooms in an ancient dwelling, esp. used for the ladies’ sitting-room, and opp. to the skáli; stofa, eldhús, búr, Grág. i. 459; eldhús eðr stofur, 468; sat Gunnlaugr í stofu, Ísl. ii. 250; gékk Þormóðr milli stofu ok eldhúss, Fbr. 164; Rannveig gékk til stofu, Nj. 83, 175; ganga inn í stofu, Eg. 23, 49, 110, 149, 205, 206, 215, 233; ganga inn ok finna stofu, þar sátu konur tvær, Fær. 41; í stofu þá er konur sátu at verki, Bs. i. 627; þar var karlfátt heima ok hvíldu allir menn í stofu, Sturl. i. 142; var sleginn danz í stofu, ii. 117; hann dreymdi at hann þóttisk sitja í stofu í rúmi sínu, þótti honum stofan alskipuð, stóðu borð um alla stofu ok vistir á, 186, 206, iii. 267; fram í stofunni frá ek hann var er fólkit skyldi hátta, Skíða R. 36; þeir gengu frá elda-skála með skutil-diska ok báru inn í stofu, Eg. 238; til stofu er jarl drakk inni, Fs. 112; litla stofa, Sturl. ii. 152, 153, 181, 185, iii. 100, 187, Orkn. 182; ytri stofa, Sturl. iii. 42; almanna-stofa, ii. 153, iii. 194, 198; bað-stofa, ii. 121, 167, iii. 102, 176, 196; biskups-stofa, 267; set-s., svefn-s., q. v.; myrkva-s., a ‘mirk-stove,’ a dungeon; stofu-búnaðr, hangings, Fms. vi. 342; stofu-dyrr, -gluggr, -gólf, -horn, -hurð, -pallr, the door, window, floor … of a stofa, Eg. 46, Sd. 142, 143, Gullþ. 62, Fms. ix. 55, Fbr. 168, Gþl. 344, H. E. i. 495, Fær. 194; stofu-refill, Dipl. iii. 4. -
16 tjalda-slitr
n. worn hangings, Dipl. v. 18, Pm. 23, 27. -
17 tjald-leppr
m. a rag of hangings, Jm. 9, Pm. 5, Vm. 161. -
18 tjalds-nagli
a, m. a tent-peg, Fas. ii. 262: also of the pegs to which hangings are fastened, Sturl. iii. 146. -
19 tjald-töturr
m. worn hangings, Pm. 36. -
20 þela
* * *að, [Ivar Aasen tela], in part. þelaðr; refill ný-þelaðr, hangings new and thick (the nap not yet worn off), Dipl. v. 18 (see p. 460, col. 1).
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interior design — 1. the design and coordination of the decorative elements of the interior of a house, apartment, office, or other structural space, including color schemes, fittings, furnishings, and sometimes architectural features. 2. the art, business, or… … Universalium
Mahmoud Asgari and Ayaz Marhoni — being prepared for execution by hanging. Mahmoud Asgari, 16[citation needed], (Persian: محمود عسگري) and Ayaz Marhoni, 18 … Wikipedia
Hanging — is the lethal suspension of a person by a ligature. The Oxford English Dictionary states that hanging in this sense is specifically to put to death by suspension by the neck, although it formerly also referred to crucifixion. The preferred past… … Wikipedia
