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81 duty
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82 offer
offer, US [transcription]["O ;f-"]A n1 ( proposition) gen, Fin offre f (to do de faire) ; an offer of help/work une offre d'assistance/de travail ; to make sb an offer faire une offre à qn ; job offer offre d'emploi ; an offer of marriage une proposition de mariage ; an offer of £10 per share une offre à 10 livres sterling l'action ; offers over/around 40,000 dollars offres supérieures à/autour de 40 000 dollars ; that's my final ou best offer c'est mon dernier mot ; to be open to offers être ouvert à toute proposition ; to put in ou make an offer on a house faire une offre sur une maison ; the house is under offer il y a une promesse d'achat sur cette maison ; or near(est) offer ( in property ad) à débattre ; offers in the region of £80,000 prix 80 000 livres, à débattre ;3 ( available) the goods/cases on offer were dear les marchandises/valises en vente étaient chères ; there's a lot/nothing on offer il y a beaucoup/peu de choix ; what's on offer in the catalogue? qu'est-ce qu'on propose dans le catalogue?B vtr1 ( proffer) donner [advice, explanation, information, friendship] ; offrir [cigarette, help, job, reward, suggestion, support] ; émettre [opinion] ; faire [reduction] ; proposer [service] ; accorder [discount] ; to offer sb sth, to offer sth to sb offrir qch à qn ; to offer to do se proposer pour faire ; ‘I'll do it,’ she offered ‘je le ferai,’ proposa-t-elle ; she has a lot to offer the company elle peut beaucoup apporter à la société ; he had little to offer in the way of news/evidence il n'avait pas beaucoup de nouvelles/preuves à apporter ;2 ( provide) offrir [facilities, advantages, guarantee, resistance] ; donner [insight] ; the tree offers protection from the rain l'arbre offre une protection contre la pluie ; this vest offers protection against bullets ce gilet protège des balles ;3 ( possess) posséder [language] ; avoir [experience] ; candidates must offer two foreign languages les candidats doivent posséder deux langues étrangères ;4 ( sell) offrir [goods] ; the radios were being offered at bargain prices les radios étaient vendues à prix réduit ; to offer sth for sale mettre qch en vente ;5 ( present) présenter ; the army/battleship offered its flank to the enemy l'armée/le cuirassé a présenté son flanc à l'ennemi.■ offer up:▶ offer [sth] up, offer up [sth] offrir [prayer] ; faire l'offrande de [animal, sacrifice] ; to offer up one's life for sth s'offrir en victime pour qch. -
83 Carrel, Alexis
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 28 June 1873 Lyon, Franced. 5 November 1944 Paris, France[br]French surgeon and experimental biologist, pioneer of blood-vessel repair techniques and "in vitro" tissue culture.[br]He entered the university of Lyon as a medical student in 1890, but although attached to the Chasseurs Alpins as a surgeon, and to the department of anatomy, he did not qualify as a doctor until 1900. Soon after, he developed an interest in the repair of blood vessels and reported his first successes in 1902.In consequence of local political difficulties he left for Paris, and after a further year, in 1904, he became Assistant in Physiology at the University of Chicago. His further development of vascular surgical advances led to organ transplants in animals. By 1908 he had moved to in vitro cultivation of heart tissue from a chick embryo (a culture of which, in the care of an assistant, outlived him).He returned to service in the French Army in 1914 and was associated with Dakin in developing the irrigation treatment of infected wounds. In 1930 he initiated a programme aimed at the cultivation of whole organs, and with the assistance of a pump developed by Charles Lindbergh he succeeded in maintaining thyroid gland and kidney tissue for some weeks. Something of a mystic, Carrel returned to France in 1939 to head his Institute for the Study of Human Problems.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize for Medicine or Physiology 1912.Bibliography1911, "The surgery of blood vessels", Johns Hopkins Bulletin.1911, "Rejuvenation of cultures of tissues", Journal of the American Medical Association.1938, The Culture of Organs, New York. 1938, Man the Unknown, New York.Further ReadingR.Soupault, 1952, Alexis Carrel. 1873–1944, Paris (contains full bibliography of papers).MG -
84 Petty, Sir William
SUBJECT AREA: Medical technology[br]b. 26 May 1623 Romsey, Hampshire, Englandd. 16 December 1687 London, England[br]English scientist, medical practitioner, researcher and founder member of the Royal Society of London.[br]Despite coming from modest circumstances, Petty had an illustrious career, which started with college in France at the age of 13, followed by service on a small coastal ship and then studies at the medical schools of Ley den and Paris. In 1651 he was appointed Professor of Anatomy at Oxford, and by this time was attending meetings of fellow scientists and philosophers which culminated in the founding of the Royal Society of London for Improving Natural Knowledge. In 1652 Petty was sent to Ireland as PhysicianGeneral for the Army; he was soon involved in many matters of an intellectual and experimental nature. He took responsibility for the first proper survey of the country and produced maps and an Irish atlas, Hiberniae Delineatio, published in 1685. His investigations into political economics had a profound effect on seventeenth-century thinking. Of equal importance were his radical proposals for ship design; he presented many papers on naval architecture to the Royal Society and at one time suggested floating harbours similar to the Mulberry harbours of nearly three centuries later. In 1662 he built the pioneer catamaran Invention II (described at the time as a double-bottomed ship!), which was capable of lifting 5 tons of cargo.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1661.Further ReadingP.G.Dale, 1987, Sir W.P. of Romsey, Romsey: LTVAS Group.FMW -
85 desert
1. сущ.1) общ. пустыняThey were lost in the desert for nine days. — Они блуждали по пустыне 9 дней.
2) общ. необитаемое [пустынное\] место2. прил.1) общ. пустынный, безлюдный, необитаемый2) общ. голый, бесплодный3) общ. покинутый, брошенный3. гл.1)а) общ. бросать, покидать (кого-л.)He deserted his wife and family for another woman. — Он оставил семью ради другой женщины.
б) общ. оставлять, покидать2) общ. дезертироватьHow many people desert from the army each year? — Сколько военнослужащих ежегодно дезертируют из армии?
See: -
86 invalid
I in'vælid adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) ugyldig- invalidity II 1. 'invəlid noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) kronisk syk, ufør, invalid2. -li:d verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.)2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.)invalid--------ufør--------ugyldigIsubst. \/ˈɪnvəlɪd\/, \/ˈɪnvəliːd\/invalid, ufør, pasient, (kronisk) syk personIIverb \/ˈɪnvəliːd\/, \/ˈɪnvəlɪd\/1) gjøre\/bli kronisk syk, gjøre til invalid, invalidisere(s)2) (spes. militærvesen) oppføres på sykelistenbe invalided out\/home ( militærvesen) sendes hjem som syk\/såret, sendes hjem som tjenesteudyktigIIIadj. \/ˈɪnvəlɪd\/, \/ˈɪnvəliːd\/1) funksjonshemmet, invalid, handikappet2) sykelig, syk, svakelig, syke-3) ( militærvesen) tjenesteudyktigIVadj. \/ɪnˈvælɪd\/ugyldig, som ikke gjelder -
87 invalid
I in'vælid adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) nulo- invalidity
II
1. 'invəlid noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) inválido, disminuido
2. -li:d verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) licenciar por invalidez2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) volverse inválidoinvalid n inválido / minusválidotr['ɪnvəlɪd]1 (disabled person) inválido,-a, minusválido,-a; (sick person) enfermo,-a1 (disabled) inválido,-a, minusválido,-a; (sick) enfermo,-a\SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALLinvalid chair silla de ruedas————————tr[ɪn'vælɪd]1 (gen) inválido,-a, no válido,-a, nulo,-a; (out of date) caducado,-ainvalid [ɪn'væləd] adj: inválido, nuloinvalid ['ɪnvələd] adj: inválido, discapacitadoinvalid ['ɪnvələd] n: inválido m, -da fadj.• inválido, -a adj.• no válido adj.• nulo, -a adj.n.• enfermo s.m.• inválido s.m.v.• incapacitar v.
I ɪn'væləd, ɪn'vælɪdadjective <assumption/conclusion> inválido; <contract/will> inválido, no válidoinvalid in law — sin validez legal, sin valor ante la ley
II 'ɪnvəlɪd, 'ɪnvəliːd, 'ɪnvəlɪdnoun inválido, -da m,f; (before n) <diet, food> para enfermosinvalid car — coche m para minusválido
Phrasal Verbs:
I ['ɪnvǝlɪd]1.N inválido(-a) m / f, minusválido(-a) m / f2.ADJ inválido, minusválido3.CPDinvalid car, invalid carriage N — coche m de minusválido, coche m de inválido
invalid chair N — (Brit) silla m para minusválidos
II
[ɪn'vælɪd]ADJ [contract] inválido, nulo; [ticket, request] inválido; [theory, results, conclusions] sin validez* * *
I [ɪn'væləd, ɪn'vælɪd]adjective <assumption/conclusion> inválido; <contract/will> inválido, no válidoinvalid in law — sin validez legal, sin valor ante la ley
II ['ɪnvəlɪd, 'ɪnvəliːd, 'ɪnvəlɪd]noun inválido, -da m,f; (before n) <diet, food> para enfermosinvalid car — coche m para minusválido
Phrasal Verbs: -
88 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) ógildur- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) sjúklingur; öryrki2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) leysa frá þjónustu vegna sára/veikinda2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) gera að öryrkja -
89 invalid
rokkant, munkaképtelen, érvénytelen, semmis* * *I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) érvénytelen- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) beteg2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) betegség miatt leszerel vkit2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) (hadi)rokkanttá válik -
90 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) inválido- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) inválido2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) ficar inválido2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) ficar inválido* * *in.val.id1['invəli:d] n inválido. she was treated like an invalid / ela era tratada como inválida. • vt+vi invalidar, retirar do serviço ativo por invalidez. • adj inválido, fraco, doente. she looked after her invalid father / ela cuidou de seu pai inválido.————————in.val.id2[inv'ælid] adj não válido, nulo, sem efeito, ilegal. -
91 invalid
adj. geçersiz, hükümsüz, boş, yararsız, hasta, yatalak, sakat————————n. hasta, yatalak, sakat————————v. çürüğe çıkarmak* * *geçersiz* * *I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) geçersiz, hükümsüz- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) yatalak, hasta kimse2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) çürüğe çıkarmak2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) sakat kalmak -
92 invalid
• invalidi• heikko• vapauttaa palveluksestaautomatic data processing• epäkelpo• epäjohdonmukainen• vaivainen• vammainen• voimaton• väärälaw• pätemätön• raihnas• raihnainen• kelpaamaton• mitätön• sairas henkilö* * *I in'vælid adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) mitätön- invalidity II 1. 'invəlid noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) sairas, invalidi2. -li:d verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.)2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) -
93 invalid
1. ['ɪnvəlɪd] ninwalida(-dka) m(f)2. [ɪn'vælɪd] adj* * *I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) nieważny- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) inwalida2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) zwolnić ze służby wskutek kalectwa2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) okaleczyć -
94 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) nederīgs; spēkā neesošs- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) invalīds2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) atbrīvot no karadienesta veselības stāvokļa dēļ2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) padarīt par invalīdu* * *invalīds, slimnieks; padarīt par invalīdu; atbrīvot no karadienesta veselības stāvokļa dēļ; aiziet no karadienesta veselības stāvokļa dēļ; darba nespējīgs, slims; spēkā neesošs, nederīgs; nepārliecinošs, nepamatots -
95 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) negaliojantis- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) ligonis, invalidas2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) atleisti dėl ligos2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) padaryti invalidu -
96 invalid
adj. ogiltig; utan laga kraft; sjuk; sjuklig; invalid; sjukling; illegal; inkorrekt eller okänd dataoperation (data)--------n. invalid; med defekt, sjuk, handikappad; inkompetent--------v. göra sjuklig; bli sjuklig; göra till invalid, invalidisera; invalidiseras; vara oduglig till aktiv tjänst (på grund av invaliditet)* * *I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) ogiltig- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) invalid, sjukling2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) tas ur tjänst pga sjukdom2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) invalidisera -
97 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) neplatný- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) invalida2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) propustit jako invalidu2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) zmrzačit* * *• neplatný -
98 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) neplatný- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) invalid2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) prepustiť ako invalida2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) zmrzačiť* * *• prepustit zo služby• invalid• neschopný• neplatný -
99 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) lipsit de valabilitate/de valoare- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) invalid2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.)2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) -
100 invalid
I [in'vælid] adjective((of a document or agreement etc) having no legal force; not valid: Your passport is out of date and therefore invalid.) άκυρος- invalidity II 1. ['invəlid] noun(a person who is ill or disabled: During his last few years, he was a permanent invalid.) ανάπηρος2. [-li:d] verb1) ((with out) to remove (especially a soldier) from service, because of illness: He was invalided out of the army.) αποστρατεύω λόγω αναπηρίας2) (to cause (especially a soldier) to be disabled: He was invalided in the last war.) κάνω ανάπηρο
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