fĕrens

parma (or in the collat. form pal-ma, Tib. 1, 9, 82; and so many MSS. in Prop. 2, 19, 44 (3, 20, 8); 4 (5), 10, 40; Liv. 22, 1, 9), ae (old gen. parmaï, Lucr. 4, 847), f., = parmê, a small, round shield, a target, carried by the light infantry and the cavalry.

Lit.: configunt parmam, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 432 Vahl.); Varr. ap. Non. 552, 30: desiliunt ex equis, provolant in primum agmen et pro antesignanis parmas obiciunt, Liv. 2, 20; 2, 6, 9; 31, 35 fin.:

hic miles (veles) tripedalem parmam habet,

id. 38, 21 fin.; 26, 4; Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 554, 23:

picta fulgebat,

Prop. 4, 10, 21.—

Transf.

In gen., a shield ( poet.):

(Pallas) parmamque ferens hastamque trementem,

Verg. A. 2, 175; 11, 693; Mart. 9, 21, 10.—

A gladiator armed with a parma, a Threx (v. Threx) ( poet.), Mart. 9, 69, 8.—

The valve in a pair of bellows, Aus. Idyll. 10, 267.

Parma, ae, f., the city of Parma, in Gallia Cispadana, between Cremona and Placentia, famed for its breed of sheep, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 115; Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2; 10, 33, 4; Liv. 39, 55:

velleribus primis Apulia, Parma secundis Nobilis,

Mart. 14, 155, 1; cf. id. 2, 43, 4; 5, 13, 8.—Hence,

Par-mensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Parma, Parman:

Cassī Parmensis opuscula,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 3.—In plur.: Parmenses, ĭum, m., the inhabitants of Parma, the Parmans, Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 8; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, a.

parma (or in the collat. form pal-ma, Tib. 1, 9, 82; and so many MSS. in Prop. 2, 19, 44 (3, 20, 8); 4 (5), 10, 40; Liv. 22, 1, 9), ae (old gen. parmaï, Lucr. 4, 847), f., = parmê, a small, round shield, a target, carried by the light infantry and the cavalry.

Lit.: configunt parmam, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 432 Vahl.); Varr. ap. Non. 552, 30: desiliunt ex equis, provolant in primum agmen et pro antesignanis parmas obiciunt, Liv. 2, 20; 2, 6, 9; 31, 35 fin.:

hic miles (veles) tripedalem parmam habet,

id. 38, 21 fin.; 26, 4; Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 554, 23:

picta fulgebat,

Prop. 4, 10, 21.—

Transf.

In gen., a shield ( poet.):

(Pallas) parmamque ferens hastamque trementem,

Verg. A. 2, 175; 11, 693; Mart. 9, 21, 10.—

A gladiator armed with a parma, a Threx (v. Threx) ( poet.), Mart. 9, 69, 8.—

The valve in a pair of bellows, Aus. Idyll. 10, 267.

Parma, ae, f., the city of Parma, in Gallia Cispadana, between Cremona and Placentia, famed for its breed of sheep, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 115; Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2; 10, 33, 4; Liv. 39, 55:

velleribus primis Apulia, Parma secundis Nobilis,

Mart. 14, 155, 1; cf. id. 2, 43, 4; 5, 13, 8.—Hence,

Par-mensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Parma, Parman:

Cassī Parmensis opuscula,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 3.—In plur.: Parmenses, ĭum, m., the inhabitants of Parma, the Parmans, Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 8; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, a.

parma (or in the collat. form pal-ma, Tib. 1, 9, 82; and so many MSS. in Prop. 2, 19, 44 (3, 20, 8); 4 (5), 10, 40; Liv. 22, 1, 9), ae (old gen. parmaï, Lucr. 4, 847), f., = parmê, a small, round shield, a target, carried by the light infantry and the cavalry.

Lit.: configunt parmam, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 3 (Ann. v. 432 Vahl.); Varr. ap. Non. 552, 30: desiliunt ex equis, provolant in primum agmen et pro antesignanis parmas obiciunt, Liv. 2, 20; 2, 6, 9; 31, 35 fin.:

hic miles (veles) tripedalem parmam habet,

id. 38, 21 fin.; 26, 4; Sall. Fragm. ap. Non. 554, 23:

picta fulgebat,

Prop. 4, 10, 21.—

Transf.

In gen., a shield ( poet.):

(Pallas) parmamque ferens hastamque trementem,

Verg. A. 2, 175; 11, 693; Mart. 9, 21, 10.—

A gladiator armed with a parma, a Threx (v. Threx) ( poet.), Mart. 9, 69, 8.—

The valve in a pair of bellows, Aus. Idyll. 10, 267.

Parma, ae, f., the city of Parma, in Gallia Cispadana, between Cremona and Placentia, famed for its breed of sheep, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 115; Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2; 10, 33, 4; Liv. 39, 55:

velleribus primis Apulia, Parma secundis Nobilis,

Mart. 14, 155, 1; cf. id. 2, 43, 4; 5, 13, 8.—Hence,

Par-mensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Parma, Parman:

Cassī Parmensis opuscula,

Hor. Ep. 1, 4, 3.—In plur.: Parmenses, ĭum, m., the inhabitants of Parma, the Parmans, Cic. Phil. 14, 3, 8; Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 13, a.

pōto, āvi, ātum, or pōtum, 1, v. a. and n. [root po; Gr. pinô, pepôka, to drink; Lat. potus, potor, poculum, etc.].

Act., to drink (ante-class. and post-Aug.; syn. bibo), Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13:

aquam,

Suet. Ner. 48; Juv. 5, 52:

vinum,

Plin. 14, 5, 7, § 58:

ut edormiscam hanc crapulam, quam potavi,

this intoxication which I have drunk myself into, Plaut. Rud. 2, 7, 28.—

Transf.

Poet.

Potare flumen aliquod, to drink from a stream, i. q. to dwell by it:

fera, quae gelidum potat Araxen,

Sen. Hippol. 57:

stagna Tagi,

Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 286.—

Of inanim. subjects, [p. 1410] to drink up, to suck or draw in, to absorb moisture ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

vestis sudorem potat,

Lucr. 4, 1128:

potantia vellera fucum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 27:

potanda ferens infantibus ubera,

Juv. 6, 9; Plin. 9, 38, 62, § 134.—

Causative (late Lat.), to give to drink, to cause to drink:

potasti nos vino,

Vulg. Psa. 59, 5:

potaverunt me aceto,

id. ib. 68, 22; id. Ecclus. 15, 3; id. Isa. 49, 10; id. Apoc. 14, 8.—

Neutr., to drink.

In gen. (class.):

redi simul mecum potatum,

Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 28:

potaturus est apud me,

Ter. Phorm. 5, 5, 9:

si potare velit,

Cic. Brut. 83, 288: potare dilutius, id. Fragm. ap. Amm. 15, 12, 4:

potum veniunt juvenci,

Verg. E. 7, 11: cornibus, from or out of horns, Plin. 11, 37, 45, § 126.—Part.: potatus, caused to drink, furnished with drink:

felle et aceto potatus,

Tert. Spect. 30:

et omnes in spiritu potati sunt,

Vulg. 1 Cor. 12, 13.—

In partic., to drink, tope, tipple (class.):

obsonat, potat, olet unguenta de meo,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 37:

ibi primum insuevit exercitus populi Romani amare, potare,

Sall. C. 11, 6:

frui voluptate potandi,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 41, 118:

totos dies potabatur,

id. Phil. 2, 27, 67:

potantibus his apud Sex. Tarquinium,

Liv. 1, 57, 6 al. — Hence, pōtus, a, um, P. a.

Act., that has drunk: et pransus sum, et potus sum, dicamus, Varr. ap. Gell. 2, 25, 7; but usually, drunken, intoxicated (class.):

domum bene potus redire,

Cic. Fam. 7, 22:

inscitia pransi, poti, oscitantis ducis,

id. Mil. 21, 56:

anus,

Hor. C. 4, 13, 5; id. S. 1, 3, 90. —

Pass., that has been drunk, drunk, drunk up, drunk out, drained (class.):

sanguine tauri poto,

Cic. Brut. 11, 43:

poti faece tenus cadi,

Hor. C. 3, 15, 16:

amygdalae ex aquā potae,

Plin. 23, 8, 75, § 144.

prĕcārĭus, a, um, adj. [id.], obtained by begging, entreaty, or prayer (opp. debitus and pro imperio; not freq. till the Aug. per.; perh. used by Cic. only adverbially; v. infra).

Lit.:

non orare solum precariam opem, sed pro debitā petere,

obtained by entreaty, from mere favor, Liv. 3, 47, 2; cf.:

tribunicia potestas, precarium, non justum auxilium ferens,

id. 8, 35:

vita,

Tac. H. 4, 76:

precariam animam inter infensos trahere,

id. A. 1, 42:

imperium (quasi precibus concessum, ac propterea, quandocumque lubeat, rursus adimendum, Orell.),

id. H. 1, 52. —Hence, as subst.: prĕcārĭum, ii, n., any thing granted or lent upon request and at the will of the grantor:

precarium est, quod precibus petenti utendum conceditur tam diu, quamdiu is qui concessit patitur: quod genus liberalitatis ex jure gentium descendit, et distat a donatione eo, quod qui donat sic dat, ne recipiat: qui precario concedit sic dat, quasi tunc recepturus, cum sibi libuerit precarium solvere,

Dig. 43, 26, 1.—

Transf., depending on the will of another, doubtful, uncertain, transient, precarious:

forma,

Ov. M. 9, 76:

sapiens corpus suum, seque ipsum inter precaria numerat,

precarious, uncertain, transitory things, Sen. Tranq. 11, 1: fulgor, passing quickly by, very transient, Symm. Or. ap. Val. 1, 6.— Hence, adv.: prĕcārĭō, by entreaty or request (class.):

hoc petere me precario a vobis jussit,

Plaut. Am. prol. 24:

cum aliquo agere precario,

id. Truc. 4, 1, 12:

vel vi vel clam vel precario,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 28:

si precario essent rogandi,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 23, § 59:

exegit,

Suet. Claud. 12:

praefuit,

on sufferance, Tac. Agr. 16:

precario studeo,

am obliged, as it were, to beg time for study, Plin. Ep. 7, 30, 4:

precario possidere,

by sufferance, Paul. Sent. 5, 6, 11:

ancillam quis precario rogaverit,

Dig. 43, 26, 10.

rē-sto, stĭti, 1 ( perf. subj. restaverit, Prop. 2, 34, 53), v. n.

To stop behind, keep back, stand still (very rare and only poet., whereas resisto is class.).

Lit.: si resto, pergit, ut eam: si ire conor, prohibet betere, Pac. ap. Non. 77, 25. —

Trop.: impetus haut longe mediis regionibus restat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 285 Müll. (Ann. v. 475 Vahl.):

nullo dominae teritur molimine amator Restat et immerita sustinet aure minas,

stands firm, holds out, Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 18. —

To withstand, resist, oppose (so less freq. than resisto, and not in Cic. or Cæs.).

Of military resistance, to stand firm, hold out, not yield; constr. usually absol.; rarely with dat. or adversum: Illyrii restant sicis sibinisque fodantes, Enn. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 336 Müll. (Ann. v. 496 Vahl.): validam urbem multos dies restantem pugnando vicit, Sall. ap. Non. 526, 12 (id. H. 1, 75 Dietsch):

quia summā vi restare (milites) nunciabantur,

Liv. 4, 58 Drak.:

solā virtute militum restantes caeduntur caeduntque,

id. 6, 30; 32; 8, 39; 23, 45; 26, 3; 29, 2;

34, 14: dum restat Hector,

Prop. 3, 8, 31:

nunc in restantes mucronem comminus urget,

Sil. 10, 25.— Impers. pass.:

ut quā minimā vi restatur, eā parte irrumpat,

Liv. 34, 15. — With dat.:

paucis plures vix restatis,

Liv. 23, 45 fin.:

restando adversis,

Sil. 10, 125.—With adversum:

paulum morae attulere ferrati restantibus laminis adversum pila et gladios,

Tac. A. 3, 46.—

Apart from milit. lang., in gen.:

nunc ratio nulla est restandi, nulla facultas, etc.,

Lucr. 1, 110:

is mihi, dum resto, juvenili guttura pugno Rupit,

Ov. M. 3, 626; 7, 411:

in quā re nunc tam confidenter restas, stulta?

oppose me, Ter. Heaut. 5, 3, 7; cf. Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 50. —Of things:

aera claustris restantia vociferantur,

Lucr. 2, 450:

restantia claustra,

Sil. 7, 130.—

To be left, remain (syn. remaneo; the predominant signif. of the word;

most freq. in the third person): hujus generis reliquias Restare video,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 91:

ego conviviis delector nec cum aequalibus solum qui pauci jam admodum restant, sed cum vestrā etiam aetate,

Cic. Sen. 14, 46:

ego vivendo vici mea fata, superstes Restarem ut genitor,

Verg. A. 11, 161:

de bonis quod restat reliquiarum,

Plaut. Rud. 5, 1, 7; cf. id. Cist. 1, 3, 40:

unam sibi spem reliquam in Etruscis restare,

Liv. 10, 16; Cic. Scaur. Fragm. 45, p. 268 Orell.:

quae (studia) sola ei in malis restiterunt,

id. Sull. 26, 74:

omnes composui. Felices! Nunc ego resto,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 28; Pers. 3, 97:

de viginti Restabam solus,

Ov. M. 3, 687:

jam labor exiguus Phoebo restabat,

id. ib. 6, 486:

duae restant noctes de mense secundo,

id. F. 2, 857:

si e nobis aliquid nisi umbra restat,

id. Am. 3, 9, 60:

jam duo restabant fata tum,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 9, 35:

qui e divisione tripartitā duas partes absolverit, huic necesse est restare tertiam,

Cic. Off. 3, 2, 9:

infinitae caedi,

id. Cat. 3, 10: dona ferens pelago et flammis restantia Trojae, left, remaining from the sea, etc., Verg. A. 1, 679:

unum etiam restat amico nostro ad omne dedecus, ut, etc.,

id. Att. 8, 7:

hoc unum restabat, ut,

Ov. M. 2, 471; cf.:

illud etiam restiterat, ut, etc.,

Cic. Quint. 9, 33.— Impers.:

restat, ut aut summa neglegentia tibi obstiterit, aut, etc.,

Cic. Quint. 12, 41; so,

restat, ut,

id. N. D. 2, 16, 44; 17 init.; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 27 al.—With inf. (mostly poet.):

nec aliud restabat quam corrigere, etc.,

Liv. 44, 4, 8:

restabat aliud nihil, nisi oculos pascere,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 35; Ov. M. 1, 700; Stat. S. 4, 1, 40.—

In partic., with reference to the future, to remain for, await one (rare and mostly poet.):

quid restat, nisi porro ut fiam miser,

Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 20:

placet (vobis) socios sic tractari, quod restat, ut per haec tempora tractatos videtis?

i. e. hereafter, for the future, Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 89, § 208:

nudus humi jacet infans... ut aequom est, cui tantum in vitā restet transire malorum,

Lucr. 5, 227; Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 27:

hoc Latio restare canunt,

Verg. A. 7, 270; Ov. F. 2, 749.

silva (less correctly sylva), ae (old gen. silvaï;

silua as trisyl.,

Hor. C. 1, 23, 4; id. Epod. 13, 2; cf. Prisc. p. 546 P.), f. [cf. Gr. hulê],, a wood, forest, woodland (syn.: saltus, nemus, lucus).

Lit.: (lupus) Conicit in silvam sese, Enn. ap. Non. 378, 19 (Ann. v. 75 Vahl.): omne sonabat Arbustum fremitu silvaï frondosaï, id. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Ann. v. 197 ib.):

(ignes) Conficerent silvas,

Lucr. 1, 906:

per silvas profundas,

id. 5, 41; so id. 5, 992:

densa et aspera,

Cic. Att. 12, 15; id. Div. 1, 50, 114:

(Ancus Marcius) silvas maritimas omnes publicavit,

id. Rep. 2, 18, 33:

rursus ex silvā in nostros impetum facerent,

Caes. B. G. 2, 19:

Caesar silvas caedere instituit,

id. ib. 3, 29:

juga coepta movere Silvarum,

Verg. A. 6, 257:

dea silvarum,

i. e. Diana, Ov. M. 3, 163; cf.:

silvarum numina, Fauni Et Satyri fratres,

id. ib. 6, 392:

nemorosis abdita silvis,

id. ib. 10, 687:

stabula silvis obscura vetustis,

id. ib. 6, 521:

gloria silvarum pinus,

Stat. S. 5, 1, 151:

formidolosae,

Hor. Epod. 5, 55:

salubres,

id. Ep. 1, 4, 4:

virentes,

Cat. 34, 10:

Silvius, casu quodam in silvis natus,

Liv. 1, 3, 6.—

Transf.

A plantation of trees, an orchard, a grove; a growth or crop of other plants, bush, foliage, etc. (mostly poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

signa in silvā disposita,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 19, § 51:

domūs amoenitas silvā constabat,

Nep. Att. 13, 2; Sen. Ep. 86, 3; cf.:

inter silvas Academi quaerere verum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 45:

tristis lupini Sustuleris fragiles calamos silvamque sonantem,

Verg. G. 1, 76; 1, 152; 2, 310; 4, 273; Ov. M. 1, 346; 3, 80; 12, 352; Grat. Cyneg. 47; Col. 7, 9, 7 al.:

i. q. frondes,

foliage, Ov. M. 7, 242:

congeries silvae,

of wood, id. ib. 9, 235.—

In plur., trees ( poet.):

nemus omne intendat vertice silvas,

Prop. 1, 14, 5:

silvarum aliae pressos propaginis arcus Exspectant,

Verg. G. 2, 26:

fractis obtendunt limina silvis,

Stat. Th. 2, 248; cf. Luc. 2, 409; 4, 525:

bracchia silvarum,

Stat. Th. 1, 362; id. S. 4, 3, 79; 3, 3, 98; Sen. Oedip. 542.—

Trop., a crowded mass, abundance or quantity (class.;

in Cic. sometimes with quasi): omnis ubertas et quasi silva dicendi ducta ab illis (Academicis) est,

Cic. Or. 3, 12; cf. id. ib. 41, 139:

silvae satis ad rem,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 18:

silva rerum, sententiarumque,

Cic. de Or. 3, 26, 103:

silva virtutum et vitiorum,

id. ib. 3, 30, 118:

silva observationum sermonis antiqui,

Suet. Gram. 24 fin. — Poet.: immanis, an immense forest (of darts), Verg. A. 10, 887; cf.: densam ferens in pectore silvam, a forest (of darts), Luc. 6, 205 Cort.:

horrida siccae Silva comae,

a bristling forest, Juv. 9, 13: Silva, as the title of a book; cf. Gell. Noct. Att. praef. § 6; Quint. 10, 3, 17.—So the Silvae of Statius.

sĭnus, ūs, m.

In gen., a bent surface (raised or depressed), a curve, fold, a hollow, etc. (so mostly poet. and in postAug. prose): draco... conficiens sinus e corpore flexos, folds, coils, Cic. poët. N. D. 2, 42, 106; so Ov. M. 15, 689; 15, 721:

sinu ex togā facto,

Liv. 21, 18 fin. —Of the bag of a fishing-net:

quando abiit rete pessum, tum adducit sinum (piscator),

Plaut. Truc. 1, 1, 15; so Juv. 4, 41;

and of a hunter's net,

Mart. 13, 100; Grat. Cyn. 29;

also of a spider's web,

Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 82.—Of the bend or belly of a sail swollen by the wind:

velorum plenos subtrahis ipse sinus,

Prop. 3, 9 (4, 8), 30;

and so with or without velum,

Tib. 1, 3, 38; Verg. A. 3, 455; 5, 831; Ov. A. A. 3, 500; Luc. 6, 472; Sil. 7, 242; Quint. 10, 7, 23; 12, 10, 37 al.—Of hair, a curl, ringlet:

ut fieret torto flexilis orbe sinus,

Ov. Am. 1, 14, 26; id. A. A. 3, 148.— Of the curve of a reaping-hook:

falcis ea pars, quae flectitur, sinus nominatur,

Col. 4, 25, 1 sq. —Of bones, a sinus:

umeri,

Cels. 8, 1 med.; cf.

ulceris,

id. 7, 2 med.:

suppurationis ferro recisae,

Col. 6, 11, 1; Veg. 4, 9, 3.—

In partic.

The hanging fold of the upper part of the toga, about the breast, the bosom of a garment; also the bosom of a person; sometimes also the lap (= gremium, the predom. class. signif.; esp. freq. in a trop. sense).

Lit.:

est aliquid in amictu: quod ipsum aliquatenus temporum condicione mutatum est. Nam veteribus nulli sinus, perquam breves post illos fuerunt,

Quint. 11, 3, 137; cf.

decentissimus,

id. 11, 3, 140 sq.:

(Caesar moriens) sinistrā manu sinum ad ima crura deduxit, quo honestius caderet,

Suet. Caes. 82 (for which, of the same:

togam manu demisit,

Val. Max. 4, 5, 6); Tib. 1, 6, 18:

praetextae sinus,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

ne admissum quidem quemquam senatorum nisi solum et praetentato sinu,

id. Aug. 35:

ut conchas legerent galeasque et sinus replerent,

id. Calig. 46:

cedo mihi ex ipsius sinu litteras Syracusanorum,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 57, § 147:

aurum in sinu ejus invenerunt,

Quint. 7, 1, 30:

paternos In sinu ferens deos,

Hor. C. 2, 18, 27:

nuda genu, nodoque sinus collecta fluentis,

Verg. A. 1, 320:

et fluit effuso cui toga laxa sinu,

Tib. 1, 6, 14; cf.:

micat igneus ostro, Undantemque sinum nodis irrugat Iberis,

Stat. Th. 4, 265:

ad haec, quae a fortunā sparguntur, sinum expandit,

eagerly embraces, grasps, Sen. Ep. 74, 6:

aliquid velut magnum bonum intra sinum continere,

id. Vit. Beat. 23, 3; cf.:

sinum subducere alicui rei,

to reject, id. Thyest. 430.—Prov.:

sinu laxo (i. e. soluto) ferre aliquid,

i. e. to be careless about a thing, Hor. S. 2, 3, 172. —

Transf.

The purse, money, which was carried in the bosom of the toga (cf. supra, the passage, Quint. 7, 1, 30, and v. crumena; poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

semper amatorum ponderat illa sinus,

Prop. 2, 16 (3, 8), 12:

quo pretium condat, non habet ille sinum,

Ov. Am. 1, 10, 18:

aere sinus plenos urbe reportare, Col. poët. 10, 310: plurium sinum ac domum inplere,

Sen. Ben. 6, 43, 1:

qui etiam condemnationes in sinum vertisse dicuntur... praedam omnem in sinum contulit,

into his purse, Lampr. Commod. 14 fin.:

avaritiae,

Juv. 1, 88.—Hence, M. Scaurus Marianis sodaliciis rapinarum provincialium sinus, the pocketer, i. e. the receiver, Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 116; cf. Tac. H. 2, 92 fin.; 4, 14.—

Poet., a garment, in gen.:

Tyrio prodeat apta sinu,

Tib. 1, 9, 72; 1, 6, 18:

auratus,

Ov. F. 2, 310:

purpureus,

id. ib. 5, 28:

regalis,

id. H. 13, 36; 5, 71; Stat. S. 2, 1, 133.—

The bosom of a person:

manum in sinum alicui Inserere,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 2:

gelu rigentem colubram sinu fovit,

Phaedr. 4, 17, 3:

opposuit sinum Antonius stricto ferro,

Tac. H. 3, 10:

scortum in sinu consulis recubans,

Liv. 39, 43:

tangitur, et tacto concipit illa sinu, i. e. utero,

Ov. F. 5, 256:

usque metu micuere sinus, dum, etc.,

id. H. 1, 45:

horum in sinum omnia congerebant,

Plin. Pan. 45.—

Trop.

The bosom, as in most other languages, for love, protection, asylum, etc. (usu. in the phrases in sinu esse, habere, etc.;

syn. gremium): hic non amandus? hiccine non gestandus in sinu est?

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 75:

iste vero sit in sinu semper et complexu meo,

Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 3; cf.:

postremum genus proprium est Catilinae, de ejus delectu, immo vero de complexu ejus ac sinu,

id. Cat. 2, 10, 22:

suo sinu complexuque aliquem recipere,

id. Phil. 13, 4, 9; so (with complexus) id. ib. 2, 25, 61:

(Pompeius), mihi crede, in sinu est,

is very dear to me, id. Q. Fr. 2, 13, 1:

Bibulum noli dimittere e sinu tuo,

from your intimacy, id. ad Brut. 1, 7, 2:

praesertim si in amici sinu defieas,

on the bosom, Plin. Ep. 8, 16, 5:

in hujus sinu indulgentiāque educatus,

Tac. Agr. 4; so id. Or. 28; cf.: etsi commotus ingenio, simulationum tamen falsa in sinu avi perdidicerat, i. e. under the care or tuition, id. A. 6, 45 fin.:

confugit in sinum tuum concussa respublica,

i. e. into your arms, Plin. Pan. 6, 3; id. Ep. 8, 12, 1:

optatum negotium sibi in sinum delatum esse dicebat,

committed to his guardianship, care, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 50, § 131; cf. Plin. Pan. 45, 2:

respublica in Vespasiani sinum cessisset,

Tac. H. 3, 69; 3, 19; Dig. 22, 3, 27:

sinum praebere tam alte cadenti,

protection, Sen. Ira, 3, 23, 6.—

The interior, the inmost part of a thing:

alii intra moenia atque in sinu urbis sunt hostes,

in the midst, in the heart of the city, Sall. C. 52, 35:

in urbe ac sinu cavendum hostem,

Tac. H. 3, 38; Sil. 4, 34; 6, 652; Claud. Eutr. 2, 575:

ut (hostis) fronte simul et sinu exciperetur,

in the centre, Tac. A. 13, 40:

in intimo sinu pacis,

i. e. in the midst of a profound peace, Plin. Pan. 56, 4.—

In sinu alicujus, in the power or possession of (postAug. and rare):

opes Cremonensium in sinu praefectorum fore,

Tac. H. 3, 19:

omnem fortunam in sinu meo habui,

Dig. 22, 3, 27.—

A hiding-place, place of concealment: ut in sinu gaudeant, gloriose loqui desinunt, qs. in their bosoms (or, as we say, in their sleeve), i. e. in secret, Cic. Tusc. 3, 21, 51;

so of secret joy,

Tib. 4, 13, 8:

in tacito cohibe gaudia clausa sinu,

Prop. 2, 25 (3, 20), 30; Sen. Ep. 105, 3; cf.

also: plaudere in sinum,

Tert. Pudic. 6: suum potius cubiculum ac sinum offerre contegendis quae, etc., the secrecy or concealment of her bed-chamber, Tac. A. 13, 13:

abditis pecuniis per occultos aut ambitiosos sinus,

i. e. in hidingplaces offered by obscurity or by high rank, id. H. 2, 92.—

Sinus Abrahae, the place of the spirits of the just (eccl. Lat.):

sinum Abrahae, regionem non caelestem, sublimiorem tamen Inferis,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 34. —

A bay, bight, gulf:

ut primum ex alto sinus ab litore ad urbem inflectitur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 30; cf.:

portus infusi in sinus oppidi,

id. Rep. 3, 31, 43; 1, 3, 5; id. Imp. Pomp. 11, 31; id. Verr. 2, 5, 56, § 145; id. Att. 16, 6, 1; * Caes. B. C. 2, 32; Sall. J. 78, 2; Liv. 8, 24; Plin. 2, 43, 44, § 114 (Jahn, nivibus); Suet. Aug. 98; id. Tib. 16; Verg. A. 1, 243; 6, 132; Hor. C. 1, 33, 16; id. Epod. 10, 19.—

Transf.

The land lying on a gulf, a point of land that helps to form it (perh. not ante-Aug.):

segetibus in sinu Aenianum vastatis,

Liv. 28, 5 Drak.:

jam in sinum Maliacum venerat (with an army),

id. 37, 6; Tac. A. 14, 9; id. H. 3, 66; id. Agr. 23; Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 23; Just. [p. 1710] 2, 4, 26; 24, 4, 3.—

A curve or fold in land, a basin, hollow, valley:

Arpini terra campestri agro in ingentem sinum consedit,

Liv. 30, 2, 12:

subito dehiscit terra, et immenso sinu laxata patuit,

Sen. Oedip. 582; id. Herc. Fur. 679; Plin. 2, 44, 44, § 115:

jugum montis velut sinu quodam flexuque curvatum,

Curt. 3, 4, 6:

montium,

id. 3, 9, 12.

sīnus, i, m., v. sinum.

spĕcĭes, ēi ( gen. sing. specie or specii, Matius ap. Gell. 9, 14, 15; gen. and dat. plur. were not in use in Cicero's time, but formarum, formis were used instead; cf. Cic. Top. 7, 30.—At a later period were introduced:

specierum,

Pall. Oct. 14, 15; Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10; Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, § 151; cf. Charis. p. 18 P.; and Diom. p. 281 P.:

speciebus,

App. ad Asclep. p. 92, 25; Cod. Just. 11, 9, 1 al.; Dig. 28, 2, 29, § 10), f. [specio].

Act., a seeing, sight, look, view (rare; cf.

aspectus): speciem quo vortimus,

Lucr. 4, 242; so id. 4, 236 (for which, a little before, visus); 5, 707; 5, 724; Vitr. 3, 2 fin.; 5, 9:

si tantis intervallis nostra species potest id animadvertere,

id. 9, 4:

qui sensus nostros specie primā acerrime commovent,

Cic. de Or. 3, 25, 98:

qui doloris speciem ferre non possunt,

id. Tusc. 2, 23, 54.—

Pass., prop. that which is seen in a thing, i. e. the outward appearance, outside, exterior; shape, form, figure, mien, etc. (freq. and class.; syn. forma).

Lit.:

praeter speciem stultus,

Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 49:

quod speciem ac formam similem gerit ejus imago,

Lucr. 4, 52; cf.:

quae species formaque pugnae, qui motus hominum non ita expictus est, ut, etc.,

outlines, contours, Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 114:

esse aliquem humanā specie et figurā,

id. Rosc. Am. 22, 63:

hominis esse specie deos confitendum est,

id. N. D. 1, 18, 48:

edepol specie lepida mulier!

Plaut. Rud. 2, 4, 2; cf.:

bellan' videtur specie mulier?

id. Bacch. 4, 7, 40; id. Most. 1, 3, 23; id. Mil. 4, 2, 10; 4, 6, 20:

urbis speciem vidi,

id. Pers. 4, 4, 2; so,

species praeclara oppidi,

Cic. Rep. 3, 32, 44; id. Verr. 2, 4, 58, § 129:

sphaerae (Archimedeae), etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 14, 21:

navium,

Caes. B. G. 4, 25; cf.:

nova atque inusitata,

id. ib. 2, 31:

horribilis,

id. ib. 7, 36:

agro bene culto nihil potest esse specie ornatius,

Cic. Sen. 16, 57:

horum hominum species est honestissima,

id. Cat. 2, 8, 18:

ad speciem magnifico ornatu,

as to outward appearance, id. Verr. 2, 1, 22, § 58:

populi,

id. Rep. 3, 33, 45:

nec ulla deformior species est civitatis, quam illa, in quā opulentissimi optimi putantur,

id. Rep. 1, 34, 51: speciem honesti habere, the look or semblance of what is right, id. Off. 3, 2, 7:

turba majorem quam pro numero speciem ferens,

Curt. 3, 2, 3; cf.:

fallaces sunt rerum species, quibus credimus,

Sen. Ben. 4, 34, 1.—

Something seen, a spectacle, sight, appearance:

ponite itaque ante oculos miseram quidem illam ac flebilem speciem,

Cic. Phil. 11, 3:

non tulit hanc speciem furiatā mente Coroebus,

Verg. A. 2, 407 (cf. I. supra).—

Trop., that which is seen by the mind, an idea, notion: hanc illi idean appellabant:

nos recte speciem possumus dicere,

Cic. Ac. 1, 8, 30; cf. id. Top. 7, 30:

insidebat in ejus mente species eloquentiae,

id. Or. 5, 18:

excellentis eloquentiae speciem et formam adumbrabimus,

id. ib. 14, 43:

species, forma et notio viri boni,

id. Off. 3, 20, 81; cf.:

prima sit haec forma et species et origo tyranni,

id. Rep. 2, 29, 51:

qui species alias veri scelerisque capiet,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 208:

utinam non inanes species anxio animo figuraret,

Curt. 7, 1, 36.—

In partic.

A look, show, seeming, appearance, semblance, pretence, cloak, color, pretext, etc. (opp. that which is real, actual, etc.).

In gen.:

obiciuntur saepe formae, quae reapse nullae sunt, speciem autem offerunt,

Cic. Div. 1, 37, 81:

ista securitas specie quidem blanda sed reapse, etc.,

id. Lael. 13, 47:

cujus rei species erat acceptio frumenti,

Sall. J. 29, 4:

fraudi imponere aliquam speciem juris,

Liv. 9, 11:

specie liberā... re verā, etc.,

id. 35, 31; cf.:

litteras inanis vanā specie libertatis adumbratas esse,

id. 33, 31, 2 Weissenb. ad loc.:

plurimi ibi a fallaci equitum specie agasonibusque excepti sunt,

id. 7, 15, 7:

si dux primam speciem adpropinquantis terroris sustinuisset,

id. 44, 6, 6 Weissenb. ad loc.:

quae (nomina) primā specie admirationem, re explicatā risum movent,

Cic. Fin. 4, 22, 61:

quaedam humanitatis habent primam speciem ut misericordia,

id. Tusc. 4, 14, 32:

similitudinem quandam speciemque sapientium gerere,

id. Off. 3, 4, 16:

si speciem utilitatis voluptas habere dicetur,

id. ib. 3, 33, 120.— Hence,

Esp. with gen. of that which is assumed or pretended, under pretext of, under pretence of, etc.

With abl.:

fortis viros specie quādam virtutis adsimulatae tenebat,

Cic. Cael. 6, 14.—

With sub:

sub specie tutelae liberūm ejus invasisse regnum,

Curt. 9, 2, 7; 10, 6, 21; Liv. 44, 24, 4.—

With per:

per speciem celebrandarum cantu epularum,

Liv. 9, 30, 8:

per speciem auxilii Byzantiis ferendi, re ipsā, etc.,

id. 39, 35, 4; 40, 13, 8; 42, 52, 8.—

With in:

si quis in speciem refectionis (viae) deteriorem viam facit,

Dig. 43, 11, 1, § 2.—Adverb.: in speciem, for a show, as a pretence:

haud dubio in speciem consensu fit ad Poenos deditio,

Liv. 24, 1, 8:

dilatā in speciem actione, re ipsā sublatā,

id. 3, 9, 13; so,

ad speciem tabernaculis relictis,

Caes. B. C. 2, 35 fin.; id. B. G. 1, 51; Quint. Cic. Pet. Cons. 5, 18 al.—

Also with gen.: in speciem, after the manner, in the fashion, like (cf. tamquam; poet.):

inque chori ludunt speciem,

Ov. M. 3, 685:

in montis speciem curvari,

id. ib. 15, 509; cf.:

scorpiones vermiculos ovorum specie pariunt,

Plin. 11, 25, 30, § 86.—

Pregn., like the Engl. show, for ornament, display, splendor, beauty (cf.:

dignitas, venustas): ut in usum boni sint et in speciem populo,

Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 42:

fuit pompa, fuit species, fuit incessus saltem Seplasiā dignus et Capuā,

Cic. Pis. 11, 24:

adhibere quandam in dicendo speciem atque pompam,

id. de Or. 2, 72, 294:

speciem candoremque caeli,

id. Tusc. 1, 28, 68; cf. id. N. D. 2, 37; 2, 39:

specie et motu capere homines,

id. Brut. 62, 224:

triumpho praebere speciem,

Liv. 34, 52, 10:

addere speciem,

id. 37, 40; 9, 40:

si fortunatum species et gratia praestat,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 49; cf. id. ib. 2, 2, 203:

ducit te species,

id. S. 2, 2, 35:

speciem Saturnia vaccae probat,

Ov. M. 1, 612:

juvenis,

Juv. 10, 310:

corporis,

Curt. 7, 9, 19; Vitr. 3, 2.—

Transf.

Concr. (for simulacrum, i. q. eidôgon).

An appearance in sleep, a vision, apparition (mostly poet.), Lucr. 1, 125:

repetit quietis Ipsa suae speciem,

Ov. M. 9, 473:

voce suā specieque viri turbata soporem Excutit,

id. ib. 11, 677:

in quiete utrique consuli eadem dicitur visa species viri, etc.,

Liv. 8, 6:

per nocturnas species,

id. 26, 19; cf.:

mirabundi velut ad somni vanam speciem,

id. 33, 32, 7; Sil. 13, 394; Curt. 3, 6, 7.—

A likeness, image, statue: tum species ex aere vetus concidit... Et divum simulacra peremit fulminis ardor... Sancta Jovis species... Haec tardata diu species tandem celsā in sede locata, Cic. poët. Div. 1, [p. 1737] 12, 21.—

Reputation, honor:

o speciem dignitatemque populi Romani, quam reges pertimescant,

Cic. Dom. 33, 89.—

The particular thing among many to which the looks are turned; hence, a particular sort, kind, or quality, a species:

species pars est generis,

App. Asclep. p. 78, 26:

harum singula genera minimum in binas species dividi possunt, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 3, 3, 3; cf.:

genus est id, quod sui similes communione quādam, specie autem differentes, duas aut plures complectitur partes,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 189:

primum illud genus quaerimus, ex quo ceterae species suspensae sunt... Homo species est, ut Aristoteles ait, canis species: commune his vinculum animal,

Sen. Ep. 58, 7; Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; id. L. L. 10, § 18; Cic. Inv. 1, 27, 40; id. Or. 10, 33; id. Top. 18, 68; Quint. 3, 6, 26; 3, 10, 2; 5, 10, 90 al.: codicillis multas species vestis, argenti specialiter reliquit, many kinds or sorts, Dig. 34, 2, 19; cf. ib. 41, 1, 7.—

In later jurid. lang., a special case:

proponitur apud eum species talis: Sutor puero discenti cervicem percussit, etc.,

Dig. 9, 2, 5 fin.; 31, 1, 85.—

In late Lat., goods, wares (that are classed together; cf. assortment);

publicae,

Cod. Just. 1, 2, 10:

annonariae,

ib. 11, 73, 3:

vendenda sit species,

i. e. wine, Pall. Oct. 14, 3.—Esp., spices, drugs, etc., Macr. S. 7, 8 med.; Dig. 39, 4, 16, § 7; Pall. Oct. 14 fin.

stīpendĭum, ii, n. [contr. from stipipendium, from stips-pendo].

In publicists' lang., a tax, impost, tribute, contribution (payable in money; whereas vectigal in kind; the former being regarded as the more humiliating; v. stipendiarius, I.): Poeni stipendia pendunt, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll. (Ann. v. 269 Vahl.); so,

pendere,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44; 5, 27; Sall. C. 20, 7; Liv. 2, 9; 21, 10:

conferre,

id. 33, 42:

solvere,

id. 39, 7:

imponere victis,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44; 7, 54:

stipendio liberare aliquem,

id. 5, 27:

de stipendio recusare,

id. ib. 1, 44:

stipendi spem facere,

Liv. 28, 25, 9.—

Transf.

In gen., tribute, dues ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

indomito nec dira ferens stipendia tauro (sc. Minotauro),

Cat. 64, 173:

quae finis aut quod me manet stipendium?

penalty, Hor. Epod. 17, 36:

alii tamen obscuriores (scriptores) aliquod stipendium nostro studio contulerunt,

contribution, Col. 1, 1, 10.—

Income, subsistence, salary:

iis, ut adsiduae templi antistites essent, stipendium de publico statuit,

Liv. 1, 20, 3.—

In milit. lang., pay, stipend in full:

stipendium militare,

Liv. 4, 60, 5; Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 45;

commonly stipendium alone: militis stipendia ideo, quod eam stipem pendebant,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 182 Müll.; cf. Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 43; Liv. 4, 59 and 60:

cum stipendium ab legionibus flagitaretur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 87:

numerare militibus,

Cic. Pis. 36, 88:

persolvere,

id. Att. 5, 14, 1: dare, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 26; Liv. 2, 12; 5, 12; cf.:

dare pecuniam in stipendium,

Caes. B. C. 1, 23; Liv. 27, 9 fin.:

accipere,

id. 5, 4:

stipendio afficere exercitum,

Cic. Balb. 27, 61:

augere,

Caes. B. C. 3, 110:

fraudare,

id. ib. 3, 59:

stipendium duum mensium,

Curt. 5, 1, 45:

dum in calamitosis stipendiis versaretur,

might get pay by the misfortunes of others, Amm. 19, 12, 2.—

Transf., military service (mostly in plur.):

merere stipendia,

Cic. Mur. 5, 12:

stipendia merere (mereri),

to perform military service, to serve, id. Cael. 5, 11; id. de Or. 2, 64, 258; also,

facere,

Sall. J. 63, 3; Liv. 3, 27; 5, 7; 42, 34 al.; cf.:

opulenta ac ditia facere,

id. 21, 43:

emereri,

to complete the time of service, to serve out one's time, id. 25, 6; Cic. Sen. 14, 49; Sall. J. 84, 2; Liv. 3, 57; Val. Max. 6, 1, 10;

v. emereo, II.: auxiliaria stipendia mereri,

Tac. A. 2, 52:

numerare,

Liv. 4, 58:

enumerare,

id. 3, 58:

qui (milites) jam stipendiis confecti erant,

Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 26; cf.:

stipendiis exhausti,

Liv. 27, 9:

adulescentuli statim castrensibus stipendiis imbuebantur,

Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 5.— Sing.:

homo nullius stipendii,

Sall. J. 85, 10:

exercitui dare,

id. H. 2, 96, 6 Dietsch:

sextus decimus stipendii annus,

Tac. A. 1, 17.—

In partic., military service of a year, a year's service, a campaign:

si in singulis stipendiis is ad hostes exuvias dabit,

Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 36:

quod tricena aut quadragena stipendia senes tolerent,

Tac. A. 1, 17:

vicena stipendia meritis,

id. ib. 1, 36:

stipendia sua numerari jubebant,

Just. 12, 11, 4:

qui eorum minime multa stipendia haberet,

Liv. 31, 8 fin.—Sing.:

(juventus) octavo jam stipendio functa,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 8, 2; cf.

with both numbers together: secundo stipendio dextram manum perdidit, stipendiis duobus ter et vicies vulneratus est,

Plin. 7, 28, 29 § 104.—

Trop., in gen., service (very rare):

functus omnibus humanae vitae stipendiis,

i. e. duties, Sen. Ep. 93, 4:

tamquam emeritis stipendiis libidinis,

Cic. Sen. 14, 49:

plurium velut emeritis annorum stipendiis,

Col. 3, 6, 4:

rex cui (Hercules) duodecim stipendia debebat,

services, labors, Just. 2, 4, 18.

surgo and surrĭgo ( subr-): surrexi and subrexi, surrectum and subrectum, 3 ( perf. surregit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 296 Müll.;

orig. forms: surrigit,

Verg. A. 4, 183; Sen. Q. N. 6, 4: surriguntur, id. Ira, 1, 1 med.: surrigebant, Hier. Vit. Hil. fin.:

subrigens,

Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88; 10, 29, 44, § 86: subrigere, id. 18, 35, 89, § 365. —

Sync. forms: surrexti,

Mart. 5, 79, 1:

surrexe,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 73), v. a. and n. [contr. from surrigo, from sub-rego].

Act., to lift or raise up, to raise, erect, elevate (very rare;

after the Aug. per., the original uncontracted forms were chiefly used in this sense, to distinguish it from the class. signif., II.): plaudite, valete: lumbos surgite atque extollite,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 68:

caput,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 329:

omnes capitum hiatus ( = capita hiantia),

Stat. Th. 2, 27:

surgit caput Apenninus,

Avien. Perieg. 484:

tot surrigit aures,

Verg. A. 4, 183:

terrae motus defert montes, surrigit plana, valles extuberat,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 4, 2:

paulatim subrigens se,

Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88:

cristam,

id. 10, 29, 44, § 86:

cornua,

Col. 7, 3, 3; cf.

mid.: horrent et surriguntur capilli,

rise, stand erect, Sen. Ira, 1, 1, 4:

hastae surrectā cuspide in terrā fixae,

Liv. 8, 8:

mucrone surrecto,

id. 7, 10, 10:

calcar equo,

Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 12:

aures subrectae furentibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 50, § 137:

turres subrectae,

Sen. Ep. 86, 4:

surrecta moles,

Sil. 2, 599.—

Neutr., to rise, arise, to get up, stand up (the predominant and class. signif. of the word; syn.: exsurgo, exorior).

Lit.

In gen.:

a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

a cenā,

Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 13:

e lecto,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 4:

e lectulo,

Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112:

de sellā,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:

ex subselliis,

id. Fl. 10, 22:

solio,

Ov. M. 3, 273:

humo,

id. ib. 2, 771; id. F. 6, 735:

toro,

id. M. 9, 702:

toris,

id. ib. 12, 579:

ab umbris ad lumina vitae,

Verg. A. 7, 771.—

Esp., of an orator: cur, cum tot summi oratores sedeant, ego potissimum surrexerim,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1:

ad dicendum,

id. de Or. 2, 78, 316; Quint. 2, 6, 2:

ad respondendum,

Cic. Clu. 18, 51:

surgit ad hos Ajax,

Ov. M. 13, 2.— Absol.:

nolo eum, qui dicturus est, sollicitum surgere,

Quint. 12, 5, 4:

secundā vigiliā surgit,

breaks up the camp, marches, Curt. 5, 4, 23.—

Of things, to rise, mount up, ascend (mostly poet.;

syn. ascendo): surgat pius ignis ab arā,

Ov. P. 4, 9, 53:

jussit subsidere valles... lapidosos surgere montes,

id. M. 1, 44:

mons Rhipaeus,

Mel. 1, 19 fin.:

Atlas,

id. 3, 10. —

Of the sea: fretum,

Ov. M. 14, 711:

mare,

id. ib. 15, 508:

aequora,

Verg. A. 3, 196:

undae,

id. ib. 6, 354:

amoeni fontes,

Quint. 8, 3, 8:

cacumina oleae in altum,

id. 8, 3, 10:

fistula disparibus avenis,

Ov. M. 8, 192; cf. poet.:

surgens in cornua cervus ( = ferens cornua ardua),

i. e. towering, Verg. A. 10, 725:

umeri surgunt,

id. ib. 10, 476:

lux Praecipitatur aquis et aquis nox surgit ab isdem,

Ov. M. 4, 92; id. F. 4, 629:

sol,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 73:

dies,

Verg. G. 3, 400:

luna,

id. A. 6, 453:

tenebrae,

Sen. Thyest. 822:

austri,

Verg. A. 3, 481:

ventus,

id. ib. 5, 777:

quae (aedes) proxima surgit ovili,

stands, Juv. 6, 529.—

In partic.

To rise, arise, get up from bed, from sleep:

ille multo ante lucem surrexit,

Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

ante lucem,

id. Att. 16, 13, a:

cum die,

Ov. M. 13, 677:

mane ad invisas rotas,

id. Am. 1, 13, 38:

ad lites novas,

id. ib. 1, 13, 22:

ad praescripta munia,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 81.—

To rise in growth, to spring up, grow up; to rise in building, be built, etc. ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose):

venerata Ceres culmo surgeret alto,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 124:

nec potuere surgere messes,

Verg. G. 1, 161:

harundo,

Ov. M. 13, 891:

sementis,

Col. 2, 8, 5:

surgens arx,

Verg. A. 1, 366; cf.:

nunc aggere multo Surgit opus,

Luc. 2, 679:

area cinere mixtisque pumicibus oppleta surrexerat,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 14:

Ascanius surgens,

growing, Verg. A. 4, 274.—

To ascend, go up:

ad auras Aetherias,

i. e. into life, Verg. A. 6, 762.—

Trop., to rise, arise, occur, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

multum supra prosam orationem surgit,

Quint. 10, 1, 81:

quae nunc animo sententia surgit?

Verg. A. 1, 582:

pugna aspera surgit,

id. ib. 9, 667:

discordia,

id. ib. 12, 313:

rumor,

Tac. H. 2, 42:

honor,

Ov. F. 5, 228:

ingenium suis velocius annis,

id. A. A. 1, 186:

non ulla laborum nova mi facies surgit,

Verg. A. 6, 104.—Of the swell of a verse: sex mihi surgat opus numeris;

in quinque residat (cf.: "in the hexameter rises the fountain's silvery column," Coleridge),

Ov. Am. 1, 1, 27. —

With in or ad and acc., to rise to or against, to attempt, assume, attack, etc. ( poet. and late Lat.):

in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis Tydides,

Verg. A. 10, 28: surrecturus in vires, si ipse quoque lacesseretur, Amm. 31, 3, 4:

Procopius in res surrexerat novas,

id. 26, 5, 8:

ad motum certaminum civilium avide surrecturus,

id. 21, 15, 1:

ad insontium pericula surrexerunt,

id. 21, 13, 14; App. M. 7, p. 198, 3.

surgo and surrĭgo ( subr-): surrexi and subrexi, surrectum and subrectum, 3 ( perf. surregit, Paul. ex Fest. p. 296 Müll.;

orig. forms: surrigit,

Verg. A. 4, 183; Sen. Q. N. 6, 4: surriguntur, id. Ira, 1, 1 med.: surrigebant, Hier. Vit. Hil. fin.:

subrigens,

Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88; 10, 29, 44, § 86: subrigere, id. 18, 35, 89, § 365. —

Sync. forms: surrexti,

Mart. 5, 79, 1:

surrexe,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 73), v. a. and n. [contr. from surrigo, from sub-rego].

Act., to lift or raise up, to raise, erect, elevate (very rare;

after the Aug. per., the original uncontracted forms were chiefly used in this sense, to distinguish it from the class. signif., II.): plaudite, valete: lumbos surgite atque extollite,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 68:

caput,

Sen. Herc. Fur. 329:

omnes capitum hiatus ( = capita hiantia),

Stat. Th. 2, 27:

surgit caput Apenninus,

Avien. Perieg. 484:

tot surrigit aures,

Verg. A. 4, 183:

terrae motus defert montes, surrigit plana, valles extuberat,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 4, 2:

paulatim subrigens se,

Plin. 9, 29, 47, § 88:

cristam,

id. 10, 29, 44, § 86:

cornua,

Col. 7, 3, 3; cf.

mid.: horrent et surriguntur capilli,

rise, stand erect, Sen. Ira, 1, 1, 4:

hastae surrectā cuspide in terrā fixae,

Liv. 8, 8:

mucrone surrecto,

id. 7, 10, 10:

calcar equo,

Front. ad M. Caes. 2, 12:

aures subrectae furentibus,

Plin. 11, 37, 50, § 137:

turres subrectae,

Sen. Ep. 86, 4:

surrecta moles,

Sil. 2, 599.—

Neutr., to rise, arise, to get up, stand up (the predominant and class. signif. of the word; syn.: exsurgo, exorior).

Lit.

In gen.:

a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

a cenā,

Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 13:

e lecto,

Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 4:

e lectulo,

Cic. Off. 3, 31, 112:

de sellā,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 65, § 147:

ex subselliis,

id. Fl. 10, 22:

solio,

Ov. M. 3, 273:

humo,

id. ib. 2, 771; id. F. 6, 735:

toro,

id. M. 9, 702:

toris,

id. ib. 12, 579:

ab umbris ad lumina vitae,

Verg. A. 7, 771.—

Esp., of an orator: cur, cum tot summi oratores sedeant, ego potissimum surrexerim,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 1, 1:

ad dicendum,

id. de Or. 2, 78, 316; Quint. 2, 6, 2:

ad respondendum,

Cic. Clu. 18, 51:

surgit ad hos Ajax,

Ov. M. 13, 2.— Absol.:

nolo eum, qui dicturus est, sollicitum surgere,

Quint. 12, 5, 4:

secundā vigiliā surgit,

breaks up the camp, marches, Curt. 5, 4, 23.—

Of things, to rise, mount up, ascend (mostly poet.;

syn. ascendo): surgat pius ignis ab arā,

Ov. P. 4, 9, 53:

jussit subsidere valles... lapidosos surgere montes,

id. M. 1, 44:

mons Rhipaeus,

Mel. 1, 19 fin.:

Atlas,

id. 3, 10. —

Of the sea: fretum,

Ov. M. 14, 711:

mare,

id. ib. 15, 508:

aequora,

Verg. A. 3, 196:

undae,

id. ib. 6, 354:

amoeni fontes,

Quint. 8, 3, 8:

cacumina oleae in altum,

id. 8, 3, 10:

fistula disparibus avenis,

Ov. M. 8, 192; cf. poet.:

surgens in cornua cervus ( = ferens cornua ardua),

i. e. towering, Verg. A. 10, 725:

umeri surgunt,

id. ib. 10, 476:

lux Praecipitatur aquis et aquis nox surgit ab isdem,

Ov. M. 4, 92; id. F. 4, 629:

sol,

Hor. S. 1, 9, 73:

dies,

Verg. G. 3, 400:

luna,

id. A. 6, 453:

tenebrae,

Sen. Thyest. 822:

austri,

Verg. A. 3, 481:

ventus,

id. ib. 5, 777:

quae (aedes) proxima surgit ovili,

stands, Juv. 6, 529.—

In partic.

To rise, arise, get up from bed, from sleep:

ille multo ante lucem surrexit,

Cic. Inv. 2, 4, 14:

ante lucem,

id. Att. 16, 13, a:

cum die,

Ov. M. 13, 677:

mane ad invisas rotas,

id. Am. 1, 13, 38:

ad lites novas,

id. ib. 1, 13, 22:

ad praescripta munia,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 81.—

To rise in growth, to spring up, grow up; to rise in building, be built, etc. ( poet. and in post - Aug. prose):

venerata Ceres culmo surgeret alto,

Hor. S. 2, 2, 124:

nec potuere surgere messes,

Verg. G. 1, 161:

harundo,

Ov. M. 13, 891:

sementis,

Col. 2, 8, 5:

surgens arx,

Verg. A. 1, 366; cf.:

nunc aggere multo Surgit opus,

Luc. 2, 679:

area cinere mixtisque pumicibus oppleta surrexerat,

Plin. Ep. 6, 16, 14:

Ascanius surgens,

growing, Verg. A. 4, 274.—

To ascend, go up:

ad auras Aetherias,

i. e. into life, Verg. A. 6, 762.—

Trop., to rise, arise, occur, etc. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

multum supra prosam orationem surgit,

Quint. 10, 1, 81:

quae nunc animo sententia surgit?

Verg. A. 1, 582:

pugna aspera surgit,

id. ib. 9, 667:

discordia,

id. ib. 12, 313:

rumor,

Tac. H. 2, 42:

honor,

Ov. F. 5, 228:

ingenium suis velocius annis,

id. A. A. 1, 186:

non ulla laborum nova mi facies surgit,

Verg. A. 6, 104.—Of the swell of a verse: sex mihi surgat opus numeris;

in quinque residat (cf.: "in the hexameter rises the fountain's silvery column," Coleridge),

Ov. Am. 1, 1, 27. —

With in or ad and acc., to rise to or against, to attempt, assume, attack, etc. ( poet. and late Lat.):

in Teucros Aetolis surgit ab Arpis Tydides,

Verg. A. 10, 28: surrecturus in vires, si ipse quoque lacesseretur, Amm. 31, 3, 4:

Procopius in res surrexerat novas,

id. 26, 5, 8:

ad motum certaminum civilium avide surrecturus,

id. 21, 15, 1:

ad insontium pericula surrexerunt,

id. 21, 13, 14; App. M. 7, p. 198, 3.

fiz., n. интерференция  (Грам. инф.: Окончания: \interferenceии)

ru интерференция celtn.

ru интерференция

ru интерференция

MašB, BūVP

ru интеpфеpенция

Izgl, Ped, PedStr

ru интерференция

DzEz, MašB

ru интерференция

ru интерференция

ru интерференция

lv Izcelsme - angļu interference \< latīņu inter ‘starp’ + ferens (ferentis) ‘nesošs, pārnesošs’. fiz.

lv 1. fiz. Viļņu (skaņas, gaismas u. c.) pastiprināšanās vai pavājināšanās, tiem savstarpēji pārklājoties. lingv.

lv 2. lingv. Atkāpes no valodas normas, kuras rodas citas vai citu valodu pazīšanas ietekmē