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extremus

  • 1 extremus

    extremus, a, um [st2]1 [-] le dernier, la fin, qui est au bout, qui est à l'extrémité, extrême. [st2]2 [-] infime, le plus bas, tout à fait vil. [st2]3 [-] le plus haut degré, le comble.    - extremi digiti: le bout des doigts.    - in extremo libro: à la fin du livre.    - extrema hieme: à la fin de l’hiver.    - extrema oratio: la fin du discours.    - extremum agmen: la fin de la colonne.    - extremus dies, Sil. 7, 172: la fin de la journée, le soir.    - in extremo: finalement, en fin de compte.    - ad extremum: - [abcl]a - à l'extrémité. - [abcl]b - enfin, en dernier lieu.    - extremi (s.-ent. milites): [les derniers soldats] = l'arrière-garde.    - extrema mancipia, Sen. Ep. 70, 25: les derniers des esclaves.    - quidam sortis extremae juvenis, Just. 15, 1: un jeune homme de la plus basse condition.    - in extremis suis rebus, Caes. BG. 2: dans leur situation désespérée, au comble de leur malheur.    - frustra niti extremae dementiae est, Sall. J. 3, 3: faire des efforts en vain, c'est le comble de la folie.    - audivi, milites, qui nec ipse consulere nec alteri parere sciat, eum extremi ingenii esse, Liv. 22, 29, 8: j'ai entendu dire, soldats, que celui qui ne sait ni prendre des décisions ni suivre celles de quelqu'un d'autre est d'un caractère tout à fait vil.
    * * *
    extremus, a, um [st2]1 [-] le dernier, la fin, qui est au bout, qui est à l'extrémité, extrême. [st2]2 [-] infime, le plus bas, tout à fait vil. [st2]3 [-] le plus haut degré, le comble.    - extremi digiti: le bout des doigts.    - in extremo libro: à la fin du livre.    - extrema hieme: à la fin de l’hiver.    - extrema oratio: la fin du discours.    - extremum agmen: la fin de la colonne.    - extremus dies, Sil. 7, 172: la fin de la journée, le soir.    - in extremo: finalement, en fin de compte.    - ad extremum: - [abcl]a - à l'extrémité. - [abcl]b - enfin, en dernier lieu.    - extremi (s.-ent. milites): [les derniers soldats] = l'arrière-garde.    - extrema mancipia, Sen. Ep. 70, 25: les derniers des esclaves.    - quidam sortis extremae juvenis, Just. 15, 1: un jeune homme de la plus basse condition.    - in extremis suis rebus, Caes. BG. 2: dans leur situation désespérée, au comble de leur malheur.    - frustra niti extremae dementiae est, Sall. J. 3, 3: faire des efforts en vain, c'est le comble de la folie.    - audivi, milites, qui nec ipse consulere nec alteri parere sciat, eum extremi ingenii esse, Liv. 22, 29, 8: j'ai entendu dire, soldats, que celui qui ne sait ni prendre des décisions ni suivre celles de quelqu'un d'autre est d'un caractère tout à fait vil.
    * * *
        Extremus, pen. prod. Superlatiuus ab Exter. Tout le dernier, Extreme.
    \
        Halitus extremus. Virgil. Le dernier souspir.
    \
        Hora extrema. Virgil. L'heure de la mort.
    \
        Extrema hyeme apparuit. Cic. Sur la fin de l'yver.
    \
        Manus extrema non accessit operibus eius. Cic. Il n'acheva point ses oeuvres, Ses oeuvres ne sont point achevees.
    \
        Extrema nox. Cic. La fin de la nuict.
    \
        Extrema pueritia miles fuit imperatoris. Cic. Sur la fin de sa jeunesse.
    \
        In extremo spiritu. Cic. Au dernier souspir, A la mort.
    \
        Supplicium extremum. Cic. Le dernier torment, La mort.
    \
        Ad extremum. Horat. En fin, Finablement, A la parfin.
    \
        Ad extrema descendere. Pollio Ciceroni. User des derniers remedes et moyens, apres lesquels n'y a plus d'esperance.
    \
        Ad extremum. Liu. Au bout.
    \
        Vitam adaucere in extremum. Tacit. Mettre sa vie en dangier et hazard.
    \
        Durare in extremum. Ouid. Durer et continuer jusques à la fin.
    \
        Literae quibus in extremis erat: sub. scriptum. Cic. Au bout, ou en la fin desquelles il estoit escript.
    \
        In extremo tertio libro scribere. Cicero. A la fin du troisieme livre.
    \
        Extremum omnium rerum, mors. Cic. Le bout, La fin de toutes choses.
    \
        Extremum tunicae. Plin. Le bord, L'extremité.
    \
        Extremo anni. Tacit. A la fin de l'an.
    \
        Extremus. Virgil. Meschant.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > extremus

  • 2 extremus

    extremus extremus(extimus), a, um крайний, конечный

    Латинско-русский словарь > extremus

  • 3 extremus

    extremus extremus(extimus), a, um величайший, высший

    Латинско-русский словарь > extremus

  • 4 extremus

    extremus extremus(extimus), a, um последний

    Латинско-русский словарь > extremus

  • 5 extrēmus

        extrēmus adj. sup.    [exter], outermost, utmost, extreme, farthest, last: oppidum Allobrogum, Cs.: finis provinciae, L.: Indi, H.: in codicis extremā cerā: extremā lineā amare, i. e. to make love at a distance, T.: vinitor, i. e. at the end of his task, V.: cultores, in remotest lands, V.— The last part, end tip, extremity, boundary, surface (with a subst., denoting the whole): quibus (litteris) in extremis, at its end: in extremo libro tertio, at the end of: in extremo ponte, Cs.: cauda, tip, V.: extremis digitis aliquid attingere.—As subst n.: quod finitum est, habet extremum, an end: teretes, praeterquam ad extremum, at the end, L.: mundi: provinciae, Cs.: extrema agminis, L.—Of time or order, latest, last: mensis anni Februarius: finis vitae, L.: manus extrema non accessit operibus, finishing touches: extremum illud est, ut, etc., it remains only: ad extremam aetatem, old age, N.: extremo tempore, at last, N.: pueritia: extremo Peloponnesio bello, N.: Extremus galeāque imā subsedit Acestes, i. e. the lot of, V. — As subst m.: Extremi primorum, extremis usque priores, H.: Occupet extremum scabies, devil take the hindmost, H.—As subst n.: die extremum erat, S.: extremo anni, L.: in extremum (durare), O.: ad extremum incipit philosophari, at last: testis ad extremum reservatus, to the last: Extrema gemens, for the last time, V.— Fig., utmost, highest, greatest, extreme: fames, Cs.: ad extrema iura decurrere: extremae dementiae est (with infin.), the height of madness, S.: in extremis suis rebus, utmost danger, Cs. — As subst n.: audendi extrema cupido, V.: ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc., L.: res p. in extremo sita, S.: non ad extremum perditus, utterly, L.— Last, least, lowest, meanest: Haud Ligurum, V.: ignis, flickering, V.: extremi ingeni est, qui, etc., L.
    * * *
    rear (pl.)

    Latin-English dictionary > extrēmus

  • 6 extremus

    extrēmus ( extimus), a, um [superl. к exter ]
    1) крайний ( oppidum Cs); конечный ( fines Cs); последний ( vitae dies C)
    tenue et extremum lumen Pt — слабый, меркнущий свет
    2) отдалённейший ( Indi H); пограничный ( flumen Cs)
    extremum agmen Cs (тж. extremi, ōrum Cs) — арьергард
    5) критический, тяжёлый ( tempora C)
    6) высший, величайший, т. е. лучший ( extremum bonorum C) или худший (sors Just; extremum malorum C)
    extrema manus C — завершение, окончание, окончательная отделка

    Латинско-русский словарь > extremus

  • 7 extremus

    extrēmus, a, um, s. exter.

    lateinisch-deutsches > extremus

  • 8 extremus

    extrēmus, a, um, s. exter.

    Ausführliches Lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch > extremus

  • 9 extremus

    extrēmus, a, um, v. exter, III. A.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > extremus

  • 10 extremus

    extremus, a, um, outermost, utmost, extreme; hence extremum, i, n., end, tip, L. 16:24; A. 13:47; in extremis, at the point of death, dying, Mk. 5:23.*

    English-Latin new dictionary > extremus

  • 11 extremus

    -a/um (exter) sup A
    extrême, externe (le plus extremus)

    Dictionarium Latino-Gallicum botanicae > extremus

  • 12 extremus

    крайний, последний;

    extremo (adv.) наконец, под конец, post mortern extremi;

    extremo mortuus (1. 83 § 1 D. 32. 1. 14 § 2 D. 48, 3);

    servus notae extremae (1. 15 § 44 D. 47, 10. 1. 1 § 1 D. 2, 3. 1. 30 § 4 D. 34, 4. 1. 42 § l D. 39, 6. 1. 47 § 4 D. 40, 5);

    extr. dispositiones (1. 2 C. 7, 15).

    Латинско-русский словарь к источникам римского права > extremus

  • 13 extremus

    outermost, last, extreme.

    Latin-English dictionary of medieval > extremus

  • 14 extremus

    , extrema, extremum (m,f,n)
      1) крайний, самый отдалённый;
      2) последний, чрезвычайный

    Dictionary Latin-Russian new > extremus

  • 15 Anolis extremus

    2. RUS —
    3. ENG —
    4. DEU —
    5. FRA —
    Ареал обитания: Центральная Америка

    VOCABULARIUM NOMINUM ANIMALIUM QUINQUELINGUE > Anolis extremus

  • 16 Кромешний

    - extremus; postremus; ultissimus; novissimus;

    Большой русско-латинский словарь Поляшева > Кромешний

  • 17 exter

    exter or extĕrus (both forms only post-class. and very rare), tĕra, tĕrum, adj. [ comp. form, from ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, family, etc., foreign, strange (syn.: extraneus; alienus, peregrinus, adventicius).
    I.
    Pos. (in Cic. and Caes. used in the plur.):

    quod exter heres praestare cogeretur,

    strange, Dig. 31, 1, 69:

    emancipatus vero aut exterus non aliter possunt hereditatem quaerere quam si, etc.,

    ib. 29, 2, 84; cf. ib. 31, 1, 67, § 4:

    tactus corporis est sensus, vel cum res extera sese Insinuat, vel, etc.,

    Lucr. 2, 435:

    vis,

    id. 2, 277:

    haec lex socialis est, hoc jus nationum exterarum est,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:

    exterarum gentium multitudo,

    Suet. Caes. 84:

    non modo vestris civibus, verum etiam exteris nationibus,

    Cic. Font. 11, 25; cf.:

    apud exteras civitates,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 100:

    apud exteras nationes,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 43 fin.;

    ad nationes exteras,

    Quint. 11, 1, 89:

    apud exteros,

    Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22 et saep.:

    ab extero hoste atque longinquo,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 13.—In neutr. plur. with gen.:

    ad extera Europae noscenda missus Himilco,

    Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 169:

    ad extera corporum,

    id. 22, 23, 49, § 103.—
    II.
    Comp.: extĕrĭor, us (in signif. scarcely differing from its pos.), outward, outer, exterior; opp. interior (rare but class.):

    cum alterum fecisset exteriorem, interiorem alterum amplexus orbem,

    Cic. Univ. 7; cf.:

    simul ex navibus milites in exteriorem vallum tela jaciebant... et legionarii, interioris munitionis defensores,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 6:

    colle exteriore occupato,

    id. B. G. 7, 79, 1:

    circumire exteriores mutiones jubet,

    id. ib. 7, 87, 4:

    pares munitiones contra exteriorem hostem perfecit,

    id. ib. 7, 74:

    comes exterior,

    i. e. on the left side, Hor. S. 2, 5, 17.—
    III.
    Sup. in two forms, extrēmus and extĭmus or extŭmus [ sup. of ex; cf. Gr. eschatos, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 387].
    A.
    extrēmus, a, um (which in post-class. lang. is itself compared; comp.:

    extremior,

    App. M. 1, p. 105; 7, p. 188; sup.:

    extremissimus,

    Tert. Apol. 19), the outermost, utmost, extreme (so most freq.; cf.: ultimus, postremus, novissimus, supremus, imus).
    1.
    Lit.:

    extremum oppidum Allobrogum est Geneva,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 3:

    flumen Axona, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus,

    on the farthest borders, id. ib. 2, 5, 4:

    fines,

    Liv. 39, 28, 2; 45, 29, 14; cf.:

    ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae venerunt,

    id. 40, 16, 5:

    impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos,

    the remotest, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 45:

    Tanaïs,

    id. C. 3, 10, 1:

    in extrema fere parte epistolae,

    near the end, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 20; cf.:

    in codicis extrema cera,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92; but to denote the last part of a thing it is used more freq. in immediate connection with the substantive denoting the whole:

    quibus (litteris) in extremis,

    at its end, id. Att. 14, 8, 1; cf.:

    in qua (epistola) extrema,

    id. ib. 13, 45, 1:

    in extremo libro tertio,

    at the end of the third book, id. Off. 3, 2, 9:

    in extrema oratione,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

    in extremo ponte turrim constituit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 3; cf.:

    ad extremas fossas castella constituit,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 3:

    ab extremo agmine,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 4:

    in extrema Cappadocia,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:

    extremis digitis aliquid attingere,

    id. Cael. 12, 28 et saep. —In the neutr. absol. and as subst.: extrē-mum, i, n., an end, the end: divitias alii praeponunt, alii honores, multi etiam voluptates;

    beluarum hoc quidem extremum,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 20:

    quod finitum est, habet extremum,

    id. Div. 2, 50, 103:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum,

    at the end, Liv. 21, 8, 10: in "Equo Trojano" scis esse in extremo "sero sapiunt," Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

    quod erat in extremo,

    id. Att. 6, 9, 1.—With gen.:

    aliquid ad extremum causae reservatum,

    Cic. Deiot. 13, 35 (cf. infra, 2. a. fin.):

    caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultumum mundi est,

    id. Div. 2, 43, 91:

    ab Ocelo, quod est citerioris provinciae extremum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 5:

    summum gulae fauces vocantur, extremum stomachus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:

    in extremo montis,

    Sall. J. 37, 4.— In plur.:

    extrema agminis,

    Liv. 6, 32, 11:

    extrema Africae,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:

    extrema Galliae,

    Flor. 3, 3, 1; 3, 20, 12; Tac. H. 5, 18; id. A. 4, 67; 4, 74.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    In respect to time or the order of succession, the latest, last:

    inter prioris mensis senescentis extremum diem et novam lunam,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.:

    mensis anni Februarius,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 54:

    tempore diei,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 15, 6:

    eam amicitiam ad extremum finem vitae perduxit,

    Liv. 37, 53, 8:

    matres ab extremo conspectu liberorum exclusae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

    manus extrema non accessit operibus ejus,

    the finishing hand, the last touches, id. Brut. 33, 126:

    extremum illud est, ut te orem et obsecrem,

    it remains only, id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Att. 11, 16, 5.—To denote the last part of a thing (cf. above, 1.): quod eo die potest videri extrema et prima luna, i. e. the end and the beginning, Varr. L. L. l. l.:

    usque ad extremam aetatem ab adolescentia,

    Nep. Cato, 2, 4; id. Att. 10, 3; cf.: ita tantum bellum Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 12, 35:

    extremo anno,

    Liv. 2, 64, 1:

    extremo tempore,

    in the last time, at last, Nep. Dat. 10; id. Epam. 9; id. Eum. 5, 3 al.:

    extrema pueritia,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    extremo Peloponnesio bello,

    Nep. Con. 1, 2: extremus dies, the close of day, the evening, Sil 7, 172; 14, 8.— Subst.:

    illum Praeteritum temnens extremos inter euntem,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 116; cf.: extremi primorum, extremis [p. 708] usque priores, id. Ep. 2, 2, 204:

    extremus dominorum,

    Tac. H. 4, 42 fin.:

    die extremum erat,

    Sall. J. 21, 2:

    extremum aestatis,

    id. ib. 90, 1:

    extremo anni,

    Liv. 35, 11, 1:

    sub extremum noctis,

    Sil. 4, 88 al. —Prov.: extrema semper de ante factis judicant (cf. our wise after the event), Pub. Syr. 163 Rib.— Adv.: extremum.
    a.
    For the last time:

    alloquor extremum maestos abiturus amicos,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: cum diu occulte suspirassent, postea jam gemere, ad extremum vero loqui omnes et clamare coeperunt.—
    b.
    At last, finally, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:

    extremum tenues liquefacta medullas Tabuit,

    Ov. M. 14, 431.—Adverb. phrase:

    ad extremum,

    id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 4, 4, 2 et saep.; cf., strengthened by tum:

    invenire quod dicas... deinde... post... tum ad extremum agere ac pronuntiare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; and strengthened by denique:

    ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    decimo loco testis exspectatus et ad extremum reservatus dixit, etc.,

    till the end, to the last, id. Caecin. 10, 28:

    ad extremum,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 28; 3, 7, 20;

    for which: in extremum (durare),

    id. H. 7, 111:

    qui extremo mortuus est,

    at last, Dig. 32, 1, 81:

    extremo,

    Nep. Ham. 2, 3.—
    b.
    Extreme in quality or degree; used, like ultimus, to denote both the highest and the lowest grade.
    (α).
    The utmost, highest, greatest: cum extremum hoc sit (sentis enim, credo, me jam diu, quod telos Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum:

    licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere) cum igitur hoc sit extremum, congruenter naturae vivere, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

    extremam famem sustentare,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 3:

    ad extrema et inimicissima jura tam cupide decurrebas,

    Cic. Quint. 15, 48; cf.:

    decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum S. C., Dent operam consules, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3:

    extremam rationem belli sequens,

    id. ib. 3, 44, 1:

    neque aliud se fatigando nisi odium quaerere, extremae dementiae est,

    is the height of madness, Sall. J. 3, 3:

    in extremis suis rebus,

    in the utmost, greatest danger, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:

    res,

    Suet. Ner. 6 fin.; cf.:

    res jam ad extremum perducta casum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1:

    necessitate extrema ad mortem agi,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Subst.: si nihil in Lepido spei sit, descensurum ad extrema, to desperate measures, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

    ad extrema perventum est,

    Curt. 4, 14, 14:

    ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 47, 8:

    compellere ad extrema deditionis,

    to surrender at discretion, Flor. 4, 5; cf.:

    famem, ferrum et extrema pati,

    Tac. H. 4, 59:

    plura de extremis loqui,

    id. ib. 2, 47 al.:

    res publica in extremo sita,

    Sall. C. 52, 11;

    Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5.—Adverb.: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus,

    utterly, Liv. 23, 2, 4.—
    (β).
    The lowest, vilest, meanest (perh. not ante-Aug.):

    mancipia,

    Sen. Ep. 70 fin.:

    latrones,

    App. M. 3, p. 131:

    quidam sortis extremae juvenis,

    Just. 15, 1:

    alimenta vitae,

    Tac. A. 6, 24:

    extremi ingenii est,

    Liv. 22, 29, 8.—
    B.
    extĭmus or extŭmus, a, um, the outermost, farthest, most remote (rare but class.):

    novem orbes, quorum unus est caelestis, extimus, qui reliquos omnes complectitur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17:

    circum caesura membrorum,

    Lucr. 3, 219; 4, 647:

    promontorium Oceani,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 1:

    gentes,

    id. 2, 78, 80, § 190: factus sum extimus a vobis, i. e. discarded, estranged, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 609 P.— Subst.:

    Apuliae extima,

    the borders, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 217.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > exter

  • 18 extremum

    exter or extĕrus (both forms only post-class. and very rare), tĕra, tĕrum, adj. [ comp. form, from ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, family, etc., foreign, strange (syn.: extraneus; alienus, peregrinus, adventicius).
    I.
    Pos. (in Cic. and Caes. used in the plur.):

    quod exter heres praestare cogeretur,

    strange, Dig. 31, 1, 69:

    emancipatus vero aut exterus non aliter possunt hereditatem quaerere quam si, etc.,

    ib. 29, 2, 84; cf. ib. 31, 1, 67, § 4:

    tactus corporis est sensus, vel cum res extera sese Insinuat, vel, etc.,

    Lucr. 2, 435:

    vis,

    id. 2, 277:

    haec lex socialis est, hoc jus nationum exterarum est,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:

    exterarum gentium multitudo,

    Suet. Caes. 84:

    non modo vestris civibus, verum etiam exteris nationibus,

    Cic. Font. 11, 25; cf.:

    apud exteras civitates,

    Cic. Caecin. 34, 100:

    apud exteras nationes,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 43 fin.;

    ad nationes exteras,

    Quint. 11, 1, 89:

    apud exteros,

    Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22 et saep.:

    ab extero hoste atque longinquo,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 13.—In neutr. plur. with gen.:

    ad extera Europae noscenda missus Himilco,

    Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 169:

    ad extera corporum,

    id. 22, 23, 49, § 103.—
    II.
    Comp.: extĕrĭor, us (in signif. scarcely differing from its pos.), outward, outer, exterior; opp. interior (rare but class.):

    cum alterum fecisset exteriorem, interiorem alterum amplexus orbem,

    Cic. Univ. 7; cf.:

    simul ex navibus milites in exteriorem vallum tela jaciebant... et legionarii, interioris munitionis defensores,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 6:

    colle exteriore occupato,

    id. B. G. 7, 79, 1:

    circumire exteriores mutiones jubet,

    id. ib. 7, 87, 4:

    pares munitiones contra exteriorem hostem perfecit,

    id. ib. 7, 74:

    comes exterior,

    i. e. on the left side, Hor. S. 2, 5, 17.—
    III.
    Sup. in two forms, extrēmus and extĭmus or extŭmus [ sup. of ex; cf. Gr. eschatos, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 387].
    A.
    extrēmus, a, um (which in post-class. lang. is itself compared; comp.:

    extremior,

    App. M. 1, p. 105; 7, p. 188; sup.:

    extremissimus,

    Tert. Apol. 19), the outermost, utmost, extreme (so most freq.; cf.: ultimus, postremus, novissimus, supremus, imus).
    1.
    Lit.:

    extremum oppidum Allobrogum est Geneva,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 3:

    flumen Axona, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus,

    on the farthest borders, id. ib. 2, 5, 4:

    fines,

    Liv. 39, 28, 2; 45, 29, 14; cf.:

    ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae venerunt,

    id. 40, 16, 5:

    impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos,

    the remotest, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 45:

    Tanaïs,

    id. C. 3, 10, 1:

    in extrema fere parte epistolae,

    near the end, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 20; cf.:

    in codicis extrema cera,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92; but to denote the last part of a thing it is used more freq. in immediate connection with the substantive denoting the whole:

    quibus (litteris) in extremis,

    at its end, id. Att. 14, 8, 1; cf.:

    in qua (epistola) extrema,

    id. ib. 13, 45, 1:

    in extremo libro tertio,

    at the end of the third book, id. Off. 3, 2, 9:

    in extrema oratione,

    id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:

    in extremo ponte turrim constituit,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 3; cf.:

    ad extremas fossas castella constituit,

    id. ib. 2, 8, 3:

    ab extremo agmine,

    id. ib. 2, 11, 4:

    in extrema Cappadocia,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:

    extremis digitis aliquid attingere,

    id. Cael. 12, 28 et saep. —In the neutr. absol. and as subst.: extrē-mum, i, n., an end, the end: divitias alii praeponunt, alii honores, multi etiam voluptates;

    beluarum hoc quidem extremum,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 20:

    quod finitum est, habet extremum,

    id. Div. 2, 50, 103:

    missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum,

    at the end, Liv. 21, 8, 10: in "Equo Trojano" scis esse in extremo "sero sapiunt," Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

    quod erat in extremo,

    id. Att. 6, 9, 1.—With gen.:

    aliquid ad extremum causae reservatum,

    Cic. Deiot. 13, 35 (cf. infra, 2. a. fin.):

    caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultumum mundi est,

    id. Div. 2, 43, 91:

    ab Ocelo, quod est citerioris provinciae extremum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 5:

    summum gulae fauces vocantur, extremum stomachus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:

    in extremo montis,

    Sall. J. 37, 4.— In plur.:

    extrema agminis,

    Liv. 6, 32, 11:

    extrema Africae,

    Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:

    extrema Galliae,

    Flor. 3, 3, 1; 3, 20, 12; Tac. H. 5, 18; id. A. 4, 67; 4, 74.—
    2.
    Trop.
    a.
    In respect to time or the order of succession, the latest, last:

    inter prioris mensis senescentis extremum diem et novam lunam,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.:

    mensis anni Februarius,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 54:

    tempore diei,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 15, 6:

    eam amicitiam ad extremum finem vitae perduxit,

    Liv. 37, 53, 8:

    matres ab extremo conspectu liberorum exclusae,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:

    manus extrema non accessit operibus ejus,

    the finishing hand, the last touches, id. Brut. 33, 126:

    extremum illud est, ut te orem et obsecrem,

    it remains only, id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Att. 11, 16, 5.—To denote the last part of a thing (cf. above, 1.): quod eo die potest videri extrema et prima luna, i. e. the end and the beginning, Varr. L. L. l. l.:

    usque ad extremam aetatem ab adolescentia,

    Nep. Cato, 2, 4; id. Att. 10, 3; cf.: ita tantum bellum Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 12, 35:

    extremo anno,

    Liv. 2, 64, 1:

    extremo tempore,

    in the last time, at last, Nep. Dat. 10; id. Epam. 9; id. Eum. 5, 3 al.:

    extrema pueritia,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:

    extremo Peloponnesio bello,

    Nep. Con. 1, 2: extremus dies, the close of day, the evening, Sil 7, 172; 14, 8.— Subst.:

    illum Praeteritum temnens extremos inter euntem,

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 116; cf.: extremi primorum, extremis [p. 708] usque priores, id. Ep. 2, 2, 204:

    extremus dominorum,

    Tac. H. 4, 42 fin.:

    die extremum erat,

    Sall. J. 21, 2:

    extremum aestatis,

    id. ib. 90, 1:

    extremo anni,

    Liv. 35, 11, 1:

    sub extremum noctis,

    Sil. 4, 88 al. —Prov.: extrema semper de ante factis judicant (cf. our wise after the event), Pub. Syr. 163 Rib.— Adv.: extremum.
    a.
    For the last time:

    alloquor extremum maestos abiturus amicos,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: cum diu occulte suspirassent, postea jam gemere, ad extremum vero loqui omnes et clamare coeperunt.—
    b.
    At last, finally, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:

    extremum tenues liquefacta medullas Tabuit,

    Ov. M. 14, 431.—Adverb. phrase:

    ad extremum,

    id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 4, 4, 2 et saep.; cf., strengthened by tum:

    invenire quod dicas... deinde... post... tum ad extremum agere ac pronuntiare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; and strengthened by denique:

    ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    decimo loco testis exspectatus et ad extremum reservatus dixit, etc.,

    till the end, to the last, id. Caecin. 10, 28:

    ad extremum,

    Ov. P. 1, 9, 28; 3, 7, 20;

    for which: in extremum (durare),

    id. H. 7, 111:

    qui extremo mortuus est,

    at last, Dig. 32, 1, 81:

    extremo,

    Nep. Ham. 2, 3.—
    b.
    Extreme in quality or degree; used, like ultimus, to denote both the highest and the lowest grade.
    (α).
    The utmost, highest, greatest: cum extremum hoc sit (sentis enim, credo, me jam diu, quod telos Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum:

    licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere) cum igitur hoc sit extremum, congruenter naturae vivere, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:

    extremam famem sustentare,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 3:

    ad extrema et inimicissima jura tam cupide decurrebas,

    Cic. Quint. 15, 48; cf.:

    decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum S. C., Dent operam consules, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3:

    extremam rationem belli sequens,

    id. ib. 3, 44, 1:

    neque aliud se fatigando nisi odium quaerere, extremae dementiae est,

    is the height of madness, Sall. J. 3, 3:

    in extremis suis rebus,

    in the utmost, greatest danger, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:

    res,

    Suet. Ner. 6 fin.; cf.:

    res jam ad extremum perducta casum,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1:

    necessitate extrema ad mortem agi,

    Tac. A. 13, 1.— Subst.: si nihil in Lepido spei sit, descensurum ad extrema, to desperate measures, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:

    ad extrema perventum est,

    Curt. 4, 14, 14:

    ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc.,

    Liv. 2, 47, 8:

    compellere ad extrema deditionis,

    to surrender at discretion, Flor. 4, 5; cf.:

    famem, ferrum et extrema pati,

    Tac. H. 4, 59:

    plura de extremis loqui,

    id. ib. 2, 47 al.:

    res publica in extremo sita,

    Sall. C. 52, 11;

    Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5.—Adverb.: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus,

    utterly, Liv. 23, 2, 4.—
    (β).
    The lowest, vilest, meanest (perh. not ante-Aug.):

    mancipia,

    Sen. Ep. 70 fin.:

    latrones,

    App. M. 3, p. 131:

    quidam sortis extremae juvenis,

    Just. 15, 1:

    alimenta vitae,

    Tac. A. 6, 24:

    extremi ingenii est,

    Liv. 22, 29, 8.—
    B.
    extĭmus or extŭmus, a, um, the outermost, farthest, most remote (rare but class.):

    novem orbes, quorum unus est caelestis, extimus, qui reliquos omnes complectitur,

    Cic. Rep. 6, 17:

    circum caesura membrorum,

    Lucr. 3, 219; 4, 647:

    promontorium Oceani,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 1:

    gentes,

    id. 2, 78, 80, § 190: factus sum extimus a vobis, i. e. discarded, estranged, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 609 P.— Subst.:

    Apuliae extima,

    the borders, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 217.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > extremum

  • 19 angulus

    angulus, ī, m. (vom Stamme ANG, griech ΑΓΧ, wovon ango, ἄγχω, angustus), die Ecke, der Winkel, I) jeder Ort, wo zwei Linien od. Flächen zusammenstoßen, auch der Innenraum zwischen zwei zusammenstoßenden Flächen, die Ecke, der Winkel, die Spitze, anguli omnes aedium, Plaut.: ang. dextri lateris, Sall. fr.: huius lateris alter ang. ad orientem solem spectat, Caes.: extremi anguli abaci, Vitr.: extremus ang. e saxo, Kante, Ov.: ang. oculorum, Augenwinkel, Cels. u. Marc. Emp.: parietum, Plin. – II) insbes.: 1) der mathemat. Winkel, ang. obtusus, stumpfer, Lucr.: dass. ang. hebes, Gromat. vet.: pares anguli, Cic.: horizonta rectis angulis secare, in rechten Winkeln durchschneiden, Sen. – 2) von Örtl., a) der Meeresküste, der Winkel, die Bucht, der Golf, Gallicus, Cato b. Charis. 207, 27; vgl. Auct. b. Afr. 62, 3 (wo es jedoch mehr = entlegener Winkel der Küste, entlegene Bucht). – b) eines Landes, der Winkel, die Ecke, Bruttius, Flor. 3, 20, 13: Venetorum, Liv. 5, 33, 10: Alpium, Liv. 29, 5, 9: extremus angulus agri Bruttii, Liv. 26, 41, 16: extremus od. ultimus Italiae angulus, Liv. 27, 51, 13. Flor. 2, 6, 51. – c) eine Befestigung, die in Form eines Dreiecks vorspringende Bastion, ang. muri, Liv. 21, 7, 5. – 3) mit dem Nbbgr. des Entlegenen, Einsamen, wie unser Winkel, Schlupfwinkel, in angulum aliquo ire, Ter.: in ullo angulo Italiae, Cic.: in ultimo et remotissimo terrarum orbis angulo, Vell.: humillimi et in angulo iacentes, Sen.: verächtl. von den Schulen im Ggstz. zum praktischen Leben, quas (res) isti in angulis personant, Cic. – im Bilde, hunc locum fugis et reformidas et me ex hoc, ut ita dicam, campo aequitatis ad istas verborum angustias et ad omnes litterarum angulos revocas, in alle Winkel, Ecken des Buchstabenkampfes, Cic. Caecin. 84. – / Plur. heterog. angula, Gromat. vet. 345, 1. – aggulus geschr. Varro bei Prisc. 1, 39.

    lateinisch-deutsches > angulus

  • 20 exter

    exter u. exterus, a, um (v. ex), außen befindlich, auswärtig, äußerlich, I) Positiv: heres exter, ICt.: exterae nationes et gentes, Cic.: nationes, Caes. u. Lact.: gentes, Cels.: civitates, Cic. – subst., emancipatus aut exterus, ICt.: apud exteros, Plin.: extera Europae, Plin. – II) Compar. exterior, ius, Genet. iōris, zB. orbis, Cic.: hostis, Caes.: exteriorem, ire alci (= latus tegere), einem zur Linken gehen, Hor. – III) Superl. A) extrēmus, a, um, der äußerste, 1) eig., subst. extrēmum, i, n., das Äußerste, caelum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est, Cic. – Dah. a) der äußerste, letzte, pars, Cic.: mensis, Cic.: vitae dies, Cic.: manus, letzte Hand = Vollendung, Cic. – und der entfernteste der Gegend nach, ludi, Hor.: orbis, Ov. – subst., extrēmum, ī, n., das Äußerste, Letzte, das Ende, extremum habet, hat ein Ende, Cic.: fuit illud extremum, ut etc., das Ende vom Liede war, daß usw., Cic.: extremum aestatis, Ende des Sommers, Sall.: hiemis, anni, Liv.: in extremum, bis zu Ende, Ov.: in extremum mundi, Sen.: ad extremum, am Ende eines Geschosses usw., Liv., am Schlusse (des Schreibens), Cic.: ad extremum aevi, Sen.: u. so Plur. subst., extrēma, ōrum, n., das Äußerste, das Ende, agri, Cic.: per extrema finium, Liv.: dah. das Lebensende, der Tod, Verg. Aen. 6, 457. – ad extremum, adv., α) = bis zu Ende, bis zuletzt, ad extremum reservatus, Cic. – β) zuletzt, endlich, Cic. – γ) äußerst, ad extr. perditus, Liv. – u. extremum, adv., α) = am Ende, endlich, Ov. met. 14, 431. β) zum letzten Male, extr. affari od. alloqui alqm, Verg. Aen. 9, 484. Ov. trist. 1, 3, 15: extremum in sidera versus anhelat, Stat. Theb. 10, 935. – extremo, am Ende, endlich, Nep. Hann. 2, 3. Suet. Vesp. 7, 3. – b) zur Bezeichnung des äußersten Teiles, des Endes in Raum u. Zeit (s. Bremi Nep. Con. 1, 2), gew. im Abl. mit u. ohne in = am Ende, am Schlusse des (der) usw., in extremo libro, Cic.: u. so bl. in extremo, am Schlusse des Briefes, Cic.: in extrema oratione, Cic.: in hac insula extrema, Cic.: in extrema Europa, am äußersten Ende Europas, Tac.: extremo bello, Nep.: extremo anno, Liv. – c) (von außen nach innen gerechnet) zur Bezeichnung des innersten Teils, der innerste, extremis medullis, Catull. 64, 196: in extremis ossibus, Ov. her. 4, 70. – 2) übtr.: a) äußerst, d.i. was man nur im höchsten Notfalle tut od. gebraucht, senatus consultum, Caes. – b) der äußerste, d.i. ärgste, gefährlichste, bedenklichste, schlimmste, größte (von jeder Lage, in der keine Rettung zu hoffen ist), tempora, äußerste Not, Cic.: fames, Caes.: desperatio, Tac.: extremum bonorum, malorum, das größte Gut, Übel, Cic. – neutr. subst., omnes suas fortunas in extremo sitas, Sall.: vitam ipsam in extremum adductam, Tac.: ventum ad extrema, nisi etc., Tac.: ad extrema perventum est, zum Äußersten, Curt.: extrema pati, Verg. u. Tac.: extrema metuere, Suet. – m. Genet., quotiens in extrema periculorum ventum, Liv.: quae captarum urbium extrema sunt patiebantur, Liv. – c) der niedrigste, schlechteste, haud Ligurum extremus, Verg.: sors, Iustin.: extremi ingenii (ein gar arger Schwachkopf, ganz unfähig) est, qui etc., Liv. – Von extremus haben Spätere einen neuen Compar. extremius, Apul. met. 1, 8 u. 7, 2. Tert. de anim. 33: u. Superl. extremissimi, Tert. apol. 19. – B) extimus (extumus), a, um, der äußerste (Ggstz. citimus), membrorum circum caesura, Lucr. 3, 219: ora, Varro fr. bei Prisc. 3, 25: aevitatis meta, Varro sat. Men. 544: orbis, Cic. de rep. 6, 17: sinus (Ggstz. primus), Plin. 3, 5: gentes, Plin. 2, 190: promunturium, Plin. 5, 2: litus, Fronto Arion p. 237, 20 N.; u. oft bei Spät. (s. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 2, 192 f.). – neutr. pl. subst., Apuliae extuma, Plin. 6, 217: Thraciarum extima, Treb. Poll. XXX tyr. 12, 13: extima limitum, Amm. 17, 13, 27: extima Galliarum, Amm. 20, 10, 2.

    lateinisch-deutsches > exter

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