explicitly

סָתַם(b. h.; = סחתם, Saf. of חתם) 1) to stop up, close, shut. Ab. Zar. V, 3 כדי שישתום ויִסְתּוֹם ויגוב, v. נָגַב. B. Mets.VII, 5 שלא יהא … ויהא סוֹתֵם את הפתחוכ׳ that he (the laborer) must not be greedy so as to shut the door before himself (make himself objectionable to employers). Ḥull.43a, a. e. מרה שניקבה וכבד סוֹתַמְתָּהּ if the bladder of the gall is perforated, and the liver (adhering to the perforated spot) closes it up. Ib. 49b חלב טהור סותם clean fat (such as it is permitted to eat) forms a stopper (to an adjacent organ, and makes the animal so affected permitted). Pes.IV, 9 (56a) ס׳ מי גיחוןוכ׳ he stopped up the water of the upper Gihon (2 Chr. 32:3); a. fr.Part. pass. סָתוּם; f. סְתוּמָה; pl. סְתוּמִים, סְתוּמִין; סְתוּמוֹת. Yeb.71b; Nidd.30b; Lev. R. s. 14 נפתח הס׳ ונסתםוכ׳ the organ which (in the embryonic stage) was closed, opens, and that which was open, closes itself. Bets.IV, 3 בית … ס׳ a room filled with fruit which was closed up (with bricks). Y. ib. 62c bot. לפסים ס׳ pots with their lids on (not yet cut apart); Tosef. ib. III, 13; Tosef.Sabb. XVI (XVII), 13. Snh.94a (ref. to לסרבה, Is. 9:6) מפני מה כל מ״ם … וזה ס׳ why is every Mem in the middle of a word open, and this one is closed (final Mem). Meg.3a פתוחין … וס׳ בסוףוכ׳ open in the middle of words and closed at the end (v. מנצפ״ך); a. fr.Esp. פרשה סתומה a paragraph in the Torah separated from the preceding by a vacant space in the middle of the line, opp. to פתוחה a section beginning a new indented line. Gen. R. s. 96, beg., v. infra. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזוהי ס׳ כל שהניחוכ׳ what is a closed paragraph? When space is left ; וכמה יניח … ותהא נקראת ס׳ and how much space must be left …, in order that the paragraph may be called closed?; a. fr. 2) to conceal. Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to the section beginning with Gen. 47:28) that paragraph is closed, שס׳ ממנווכ׳ because the Lord concealed from his vision all (coming) troubles; (Yalk. ib. 154 שנסתמו ממנו, v. infra); a. e.Part. pass. as ab. concealed, not explicitly stated, opp. מפורש. Zeb.53a יִלָּמֵד ס׳ מן המפורש let that which is not explicitly stated in a law be derived (by analogy) from what is explicitly stated; Sifra Aḥăré, beg. יְלַמֵּד פתוח על הס׳ let the explicit statement throw light on the implicit. Meg.15a כל … אבותיו ס׳ a person (mentioned in the Bible) whose deeds and the deeds of whose ancestors are not stated; a. fr.Y. Bets. l. c. (in Chald. dict.) סתומה the anonymous opinion, v. סְתָמָא. Nif. נִסְתַּם, Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּם, Nithpa. נִסְתַּתֵּם to be closed; to be concealed; to be silenced. Gen. R. l. c. בקש … ונ׳ ממנו Jacob wanted to reveal the end of the captivity, and it was closed before him; Yalk. ib. l. c. נִסְתְּמוּ ממנו, v. supra. Cant. R. to I, 4 היה אומר … ומִסְתַּתְּמִין he said a word (of charm) over them, and they became silent (dumb). Snh.31b לעולם … עד שיִסְתַּתֵּם טענותיו (Alf. שיִסְתּוֹם; Asheri שיסתיר) he may continually bring evidence and refute, until he declares himself closed as to his pleas, i. e., until he declares that he has no more evidence to offer. Yeb.76a; Tosef. ib. X, 4, a. e. נ׳ כשר if the perforation in the membrum has closed itself again, he is considered unblemished. Kel. XIV, 8 נִסְתַּתְּמוּ נקבין if the holes have been stopped up. Snh.94a לכך נ׳ therefore the Mem was closed (the final מ was written). Sot.13b נסתתמו ממנו שעריוכ׳ the gates of wisdom were closed before him (he lost his judicial judgment); a. e. Pi. סִיתֵּם to close, Y.Snh.X, 28c bot. היו … מְסַתְּמִיןוכ׳ the ministering angels closed the windows (of heaven) that the prayer of Manasseh might not rise; Deut. R. s. 2; (Pesik. Shub., p. 162b> סוֹתְמִין).

סָתַם(b. h.; = סחתם, Saf. of חתם) 1) to stop up, close, shut. Ab. Zar. V, 3 כדי שישתום ויִסְתּוֹם ויגוב, v. נָגַב. B. Mets.VII, 5 שלא יהא … ויהא סוֹתֵם את הפתחוכ׳ that he (the laborer) must not be greedy so as to shut the door before himself (make himself objectionable to employers). Ḥull.43a, a. e. מרה שניקבה וכבד סוֹתַמְתָּהּ if the bladder of the gall is perforated, and the liver (adhering to the perforated spot) closes it up. Ib. 49b חלב טהור סותם clean fat (such as it is permitted to eat) forms a stopper (to an adjacent organ, and makes the animal so affected permitted). Pes.IV, 9 (56a) ס׳ מי גיחוןוכ׳ he stopped up the water of the upper Gihon (2 Chr. 32:3); a. fr.Part. pass. סָתוּם; f. סְתוּמָה; pl. סְתוּמִים, סְתוּמִין; סְתוּמוֹת. Yeb.71b; Nidd.30b; Lev. R. s. 14 נפתח הס׳ ונסתםוכ׳ the organ which (in the embryonic stage) was closed, opens, and that which was open, closes itself. Bets.IV, 3 בית … ס׳ a room filled with fruit which was closed up (with bricks). Y. ib. 62c bot. לפסים ס׳ pots with their lids on (not yet cut apart); Tosef. ib. III, 13; Tosef.Sabb. XVI (XVII), 13. Snh.94a (ref. to לסרבה, Is. 9:6) מפני מה כל מ״ם … וזה ס׳ why is every Mem in the middle of a word open, and this one is closed (final Mem). Meg.3a פתוחין … וס׳ בסוףוכ׳ open in the middle of words and closed at the end (v. מנצפ״ך); a. fr.Esp. פרשה סתומה a paragraph in the Torah separated from the preceding by a vacant space in the middle of the line, opp. to פתוחה a section beginning a new indented line. Gen. R. s. 96, beg., v. infra. Treat. Sofrim I, 14 איזוהי ס׳ כל שהניחוכ׳ what is a closed paragraph? When space is left ; וכמה יניח … ותהא נקראת ס׳ and how much space must be left …, in order that the paragraph may be called closed?; a. fr. 2) to conceal. Gen. R. l. c. (ref. to the section beginning with Gen. 47:28) that paragraph is closed, שס׳ ממנווכ׳ because the Lord concealed from his vision all (coming) troubles; (Yalk. ib. 154 שנסתמו ממנו, v. infra); a. e.Part. pass. as ab. concealed, not explicitly stated, opp. מפורש. Zeb.53a יִלָּמֵד ס׳ מן המפורש let that which is not explicitly stated in a law be derived (by analogy) from what is explicitly stated; Sifra Aḥăré, beg. יְלַמֵּד פתוח על הס׳ let the explicit statement throw light on the implicit. Meg.15a כל … אבותיו ס׳ a person (mentioned in the Bible) whose deeds and the deeds of whose ancestors are not stated; a. fr.Y. Bets. l. c. (in Chald. dict.) סתומה the anonymous opinion, v. סְתָמָא. Nif. נִסְתַּם, Hithpa. הִסְתַּתֵּם, Nithpa. נִסְתַּתֵּם to be closed; to be concealed; to be silenced. Gen. R. l. c. בקש … ונ׳ ממנו Jacob wanted to reveal the end of the captivity, and it was closed before him; Yalk. ib. l. c. נִסְתְּמוּ ממנו, v. supra. Cant. R. to I, 4 היה אומר … ומִסְתַּתְּמִין he said a word (of charm) over them, and they became silent (dumb). Snh.31b לעולם … עד שיִסְתַּתֵּם טענותיו (Alf. שיִסְתּוֹם; Asheri שיסתיר) he may continually bring evidence and refute, until he declares himself closed as to his pleas, i. e., until he declares that he has no more evidence to offer. Yeb.76a; Tosef. ib. X, 4, a. e. נ׳ כשר if the perforation in the membrum has closed itself again, he is considered unblemished. Kel. XIV, 8 נִסְתַּתְּמוּ נקבין if the holes have been stopped up. Snh.94a לכך נ׳ therefore the Mem was closed (the final מ was written). Sot.13b נסתתמו ממנו שעריוכ׳ the gates of wisdom were closed before him (he lost his judicial judgment); a. e. Pi. סִיתֵּם to close, Y.Snh.X, 28c bot. היו … מְסַתְּמִיןוכ׳ the ministering angels closed the windows (of heaven) that the prayer of Manasseh might not rise; Deut. R. s. 2; (Pesik. Shub., p. 162b> סוֹתְמִין).

הֶדְיָא(v. preced.) presence, directness; בה׳ openly, explicitly. Snh.39a לשקליה בה׳ (Yalk. Gen. 24 בַּהֲדֵיה, v. הַד־) He ought to have taken it (Adams rib) openly (while he was awake). Sabb.133b. גדול בה׳ כתיב ביהוכ׳ as to an adult, is it not said distinctly concerning him, ‘And any male ?Pes.27a הא תניא בה׳ is it not explicitly taught?; a. fr.

הֶדְיָא(v. preced.) presence, directness; בה׳ openly, explicitly. Snh.39a לשקליה בה׳ (Yalk. Gen. 24 בַּהֲדֵיה, v. הַד־) He ought to have taken it (Adams rib) openly (while he was awake). Sabb.133b. גדול בה׳ כתיב ביהוכ׳ as to an adult, is it not said distinctly concerning him, ‘And any male ?Pes.27a הא תניא בה׳ is it not explicitly taught?; a. fr.

טָבַעII (to round, shape, denom. טֶבַע, fr. which טָבַע) 1) to coin. Snh.IV, 5 (37a) אדם טוֹבֵעַ כמה מטבעותוכ׳, v. הוֹתָם; Y. ib. VI, 22b bot.; a. e.Trnsf. to formulate. Gitt.5b, a. e. כל המשנה ממטבע שטָבְעוּוכ׳ he who deviates from the formula of the deed of divorce which the scholars have fixed. Ber.40b כל המשנה … שט׳ … בברכות he who changes the formula of benedictions which ; a. fr. 2) to specify, mention explicitly. Num. R. s. 20 (ref. to Deut. 27:12, sq.) בברכות היה מזכירן … לא היה טוֹבְעָן in ordering blessings He mentioned them (the people) …, but in ordering curses He did not mention them explicitly; (Tanḥ. Balak 12 לא היה מזכירם; ed. Bub. 18 תובען, Yalk. Num. 766 תובעין, incorr.).

טָבַעII (to round, shape, denom. טֶבַע, fr. which טָבַע) 1) to coin. Snh.IV, 5 (37a) אדם טוֹבֵעַ כמה מטבעותוכ׳, v. הוֹתָם; Y. ib. VI, 22b bot.; a. e.Trnsf. to formulate. Gitt.5b, a. e. כל המשנה ממטבע שטָבְעוּוכ׳ he who deviates from the formula of the deed of divorce which the scholars have fixed. Ber.40b כל המשנה … שט׳ … בברכות he who changes the formula of benedictions which ; a. fr. 2) to specify, mention explicitly. Num. R. s. 20 (ref. to Deut. 27:12, sq.) בברכות היה מזכירן … לא היה טוֹבְעָן in ordering blessings He mentioned them (the people) …, but in ordering curses He did not mention them explicitly; (Tanḥ. Balak 12 לא היה מזכירם; ed. Bub. 18 תובען, Yalk. Num. 766 תובעין, incorr.).

פָּרַט(b. h.) 1) to split, open. Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to Am. 6:5) שהיו פוֹרְטִים פיהםוכ׳ they opened their mouths wide with cynical speech. Maasr. II, 6 אוכל, פּוֹרֵט he splits (the pomegranate) and eats (a slice). Ib. III, 9. 2) (cmp. עָרַף) to break into small change, to change money. Maas. Sh. II, 8, sq. הפורט סלעוכ׳ he who breaks (changes at the bankers) a Sela of second-tithes money. B. Bath.8b גבאי צדקה … פּוֹרְטִיןוכ׳ charity treasurers that have no poor among whom to distribute, may exchange for others (at a fee for the benefit of the fund), but not for themselves. Ex. R. s. 35 יש אדם פורט זהובוכ׳ a man changes one gold piece, and covers with it many expenses; a. fr. 3) to single out, specify. Mekh. Mishp., s. 5 משמע שניהם כאחת … עד שיִפְרוֹט לך הכתוב יחדו the Vav conjunctive may mean both together ( and), or each separately (or), unless the text explicitly states ‘together (as Deut. 22:10, sq.); Snh.85b, a. e. שיְפָרֵט (Pi.). Pes.21b כל מקום … עד שיפרוט לך הכתוב כדרך שפ׳וכ׳ wherever the Law says, ye shall not eat, it implies the prohibition of both eating and using, unless the text explicitly permits the use as it does with reference to carcasses (Deut. 14:21). Mekh. Bo, s. 5 פרסמו ופְרָטוֹוכ׳ (or ופֵרְטוֹ Pi.) the Scripture publishes and specifies him (by name); a. fr. Nif. נִפְרַט 1) to be split, separated. Peah VII, 3 נפל לארץ ונ׳ if a cluster fell to the ground and was separated into single grapes (פֶּרֶט); Sifra Kdosh., Par. 1, ch. III. 2) to be specified, examined singly. Taan.11a בשעת פטירתו … נִפְרָטִין לפניווכ׳ (not נפטרין, Ms. M. נכתבין) when man departs to his eternal home, all his deeds are called up before him one by one, and they say to him Pi. פֵּירֵט to divide, specify, v. supra.Part. pass. מְפוֹרָט. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath.V, 10 במ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. במְפוֹרָש) that part which is torn off (and attached only at one point; prob. to be read: במְפוֹרָם, v. פָּרַם).(Pesik. R. s. 23–24 מפרטתו, read: מסטרתו, v. סָטַר.

פָּרַט(b. h.) 1) to split, open. Lev. R. s. 5 (ref. to Am. 6:5) שהיו פוֹרְטִים פיהםוכ׳ they opened their mouths wide with cynical speech. Maasr. II, 6 אוכל, פּוֹרֵט he splits (the pomegranate) and eats (a slice). Ib. III, 9. 2) (cmp. עָרַף) to break into small change, to change money. Maas. Sh. II, 8, sq. הפורט סלעוכ׳ he who breaks (changes at the bankers) a Sela of second-tithes money. B. Bath.8b גבאי צדקה … פּוֹרְטִיןוכ׳ charity treasurers that have no poor among whom to distribute, may exchange for others (at a fee for the benefit of the fund), but not for themselves. Ex. R. s. 35 יש אדם פורט זהובוכ׳ a man changes one gold piece, and covers with it many expenses; a. fr. 3) to single out, specify. Mekh. Mishp., s. 5 משמע שניהם כאחת … עד שיִפְרוֹט לך הכתוב יחדו the Vav conjunctive may mean both together ( and), or each separately (or), unless the text explicitly states ‘together (as Deut. 22:10, sq.); Snh.85b, a. e. שיְפָרֵט (Pi.). Pes.21b כל מקום … עד שיפרוט לך הכתוב כדרך שפ׳וכ׳ wherever the Law says, ye shall not eat, it implies the prohibition of both eating and using, unless the text explicitly permits the use as it does with reference to carcasses (Deut. 14:21). Mekh. Bo, s. 5 פרסמו ופְרָטוֹוכ׳ (or ופֵרְטוֹ Pi.) the Scripture publishes and specifies him (by name); a. fr. Nif. נִפְרַט 1) to be split, separated. Peah VII, 3 נפל לארץ ונ׳ if a cluster fell to the ground and was separated into single grapes (פֶּרֶט); Sifra Kdosh., Par. 1, ch. III. 2) to be specified, examined singly. Taan.11a בשעת פטירתו … נִפְרָטִין לפניווכ׳ (not נפטרין, Ms. M. נכתבין) when man departs to his eternal home, all his deeds are called up before him one by one, and they say to him Pi. פֵּירֵט to divide, specify, v. supra.Part. pass. מְפוֹרָט. Tosef.Kel.B. Bath.V, 10 במ׳ ed. Zuck. (Var. במְפוֹרָש) that part which is torn off (and attached only at one point; prob. to be read: במְפוֹרָם, v. פָּרַם).(Pesik. R. s. 23–24 מפרטתו, read: מסטרתו, v. סָטַר.

אָבII m. (b. h.; אבה, cmp. אֵם), const. אֲבִי, אַב (embracer), father, ancestor, progenitor; teacher; chief, leader; author, originator. Ex. R. s. 46 end המגדל אב the educator is the real father. Lev. R. s. 1 אבי החכמהוכ׳, the father of all wisdom,. the father of prophets. Y.Ned.V, 39b; a. fr.אַב בית דין (abbr. אב״ד) president of the Court (Great Sanhedrin), next in dignity to the Nassi. Taan.II, 1; a. fr.Metaph. origin, cause. Num. R. s. 10 (play on אֲבוֹי, Prov. 23:29) א׳ אוי the cause of woe (sin). אב מלאכה (for which also עיקר) one of the chief labors forbidden on the Sabbath, opp. תולדה a labor the prohibition of which is based on the ground of its being a species of the former, or derived from the former. Sabb.VII, 1 sq.; a. fr.Y.Sabb.II, 5a, אב שלה, sub. מלאכה. אב הטומאה one of the original or direct causes of levitical uncleanness, opp. ולד (child) secondary cause. Toh. I, 5; a. fr.א׳ הנזק v. Pl.בנין א׳ creation of a class, i. e. a conclusion, by analogy, from a case explicitly stated in the bibl. law on all similar cases not specified in detail. Sifra introd.Ib. Kdoshim, end, ch. 11 (ref. to Lev. 20:27) זה ב׳ א׳ לכל דמיהם בם this forms the rule for all cases in which the Bible uses the word dmēhem bam (that the penalty is stoning to death); a. fr.; v. also בֵּית אב.Pl. אָבוֹת־, const. אֲבוֹת, 1) fathers, ancestors, patriarchs Ber.26b prayers א׳ תקנום have been instituted by the Patriarchs; a. fr. אבות בתי דינין, v. supra. Hag. 2:2,בת א׳ a woman of noble descent. Num. R. s. 1; a. e.Metaph. principal, chief א׳ מלאכות, v. supra. א׳ חטומא׳ Kel. I, 1; v. supra.א׳ מזיקין (sing. אב הנזק) the chief actionable injuries or damages, from which the subordinate are deduced ( תולדות). B. Kam.I, 1; a. e. 2) Aboth, the first section of the Prayer of Benedictions (v. תְּפִלָּה), so called because it alludes to the Patriarchs. R. Hash. IV, 5; a. fr. 3) Aboth, name of a treatise of the Mishnah, containing sayings of Talmudic authorities and belonging to the fourth section, נזיקין, of the Mishnah collection ( משניות); also styled פִּרְקֵי א׳ a. מְסֶכֶת א׳. A similar collection of a later date is contained in Talmud Babli editions, named א׳ דרבי נתן Aboth dRabbi Nathan. Y.Yoma VIII, 44d top אב בית נפש v. אֲבֵידָה.