explicate

dēscriptĭo, ōnis (in MSS. and edd. often confounded with discriptio, v. infra), f. [describo] (freq. in Cic.), a marking out, delineation, copy, transcript: in concreto.

Lit. (rare):

eadem caeli descriptio,

Cic. Rep. 6, 22; cf. id. ib. 1, 14:

explicate descriptionem imaginemque tabularum,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 77 fin. In plur.:

numeris aut descriptionibus aliquid explicare,

id. Tusc. 1, 17:

volutarum,

sketches, drawings, Vitr. 3, 3:

orbis terrarum,

maps, id. 8, 2 et saep. —Far more freq.,

Trop.

A representation, delineation, description:

nominis brevis et aperta descriptio,

Cic. Inv. 2, 18:

dilucida locorum,

Quint. 9, 2, 44:

regionum,

id. 4, 3, 12:

Siciliae,

id. 11, 3, 164:

convivii luxuriosi,

id. 8, 3, 66 et saep.—In rhetor., the delineating of character, Cic. Top. 22, 83; id. de Or. 3, 53, 205; Quint. 9, 1, 31; cf. Auct. Her. 4, 39, 51.—

A proper disposition, order, arrangement:

via descriptionis atque ordinis (in oratione),

id. de Or. 2, 9, 36:

aedificandi,

id. Off. 1, 39;

legionum et auxiliorum,

Suet. Tib. 30:

descriptio centuriarum classiumque non erat,

Liv. 4, 4, 2:

populi,

Vulg. 2 Reg. 24, 9.—In plur.:

descriptiones temporum,

id. Ac. 1, 3, 19 et saep. (Descriptio is often found in MSS. and edd. in the sense of distribution, division; but here the proper form is discriptio, [p. 556] e. g. Cic. Rep. 2, 22; id. de Off. 1, 7, 21 saep.)

di-stinguo, nxi, nctum, 3, v. a. [root in Sanscr. tegami, to be sharp; Gr. stizô, stigma; Lat. stimulus stilus, in-stigare, etc.]. —Prop., to separate by points; hence, in gen.,

To separate, divide, part.

Lit. (very rare, and almost exclusively poet.):

onus inclusum numero eodem,

Ov. M. 1, 47:

crinem docta manu,

i. e. to arrange, Sen. Troad. 884; cf.

meton.: caput acu,

Claud. Nupt. Hon. 284.—Of countries:

qui locus Bithyniam et Galatis,

Amm. 25, 10.—Far more freq. and class. (not in Caes.),

Trop., to distinguish, discriminate, = discernere.

In gen.:

ea (crimina) distinguere ac separare,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 41; cf.

with dividere,

id. Pis. 28, 69:

servos numero,

id. Caecin. 20; so,

cadentes guttas intervallis,

id. de Or. 3, 48, 186:

oratorum genera aetatibus,

id. Brut. 19:

status familiarum agnationibus,

id. Leg. 1, 7 fin.:

qua via ambigua distinguantur, ostendit,

id. Fin. 1, 7; id. Brut. 41, 152; id. Or. 4, 16; cf.

secernenda,

id. Top. 7, 31:

genera causarum,

Quint. 4, 2, 68 et saep.:

fortes ignavosque,

Tac. H. 3, 27:

veri similia ab incredibilibus dijudicare et distinguere,

Cic. Part. 40; cf.:

vera somnia a falsis,

id. Div. 2, 61:

Vargulam a Crasso,

id. de Or. 2, 60, 244:

artificem ab inscio,

id. Ac. 2, 7, 22:

voluntatem a facto,

Liv. 45, 24:

thesin a causa,

Quint. 3, 5, 11 et saep.:

vero falsum,

Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 29:

simiarum genera caudis inter se,

Plin. 8, 54, 80.— Pass. impers.:

quid inter naturam et rationem intersit, non distinguitur,

Cic. N. D. 3, 10, 26; cf.: malus arborem significet an hominem non bonum, apice distinguitur, Quint. 1, 7, 2:

nuntiatum Claudio perisse Messalinam, non distincto sua an aliena manu,

Tac. A. 11, 38.—

In partic.

In rhet. and gram., to mark the pauses in discourse, to punctuate:

puer ut sciat, quo loco versum distinguere debeat,

Quint. 1, 8, 1; cf.:

eam (orationem) distinguent atque concident,

id. 11, 2, 27; and:

incidit has (sc. voces) et distinxit in partes,

Cic. Rep. 3, 2 Mos.:

distinctio est silentii nota, etc.,

Diom. p. 432 P.—

To end, terminate:

contationem,

App. M. 2, p. 127 fin.

To set off, decorate, adorn (most freq. in the P. a.).

Lit.:

racemos purpureo colore,

Hor. C. 2, 5, 11; so,

poma vario colore,

Ov. Nux, 31:

aurum gemmarum nitor,

Sen. Med. 573; cf. Plin. 37, 10, 62, § 171.—

Trop.:

orationem variare et distinguere quasi quibusdam verborum sententiarumque insignibus,

Cic. de Or. 2, 9, 36;

so of discourse,

id. Inv. 2, 15, 49 (with illustrare); id. de Or. 2, 13; Liv. 9, 17:

voluptatem (with variare),

Cic. Fin. 1, 11, 38; cf.:

coenam comoedis,

Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 9.—Hence, distinctus, a, um, P. a.

(Acc. to I.) Separated, separate, distinct:

urbs delubris distincta spatiisque communibus,

Cic. Rep. 1, 26: Romana acies distinctior, ex pluribus partibus constans, Liv. 9, 19:

Hesiodus circa CXX. annos distinctus ab Homeri aetate,

Vell. 1, 7:

concentus ex distinctis sonis,

Cic. Rep. 2, 42; cf. id. ib. 6, 18:

distinctos dignitatis gradus non habebat (civitas),

id. ib. 1, 27 fin. —

Of discourse, properly divided:

oratio,

Quint. 11, 3, 35. —

(Acc. to II.) Decorated, adorned:

pocula gemmis distincta,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 27:

distinctum et ornatum caelum astris,

id. N. D. 2, 37 fin.:

lyra gemmis et dentibus Indis,

Ov. M. 11, 167:

herbae innumeris floribus,

id. ib. 5, 266:

retia maculis,

id. H. 5, 19.—

Trop.:

oratio et ornata et artificio quodam et expolitione distincta,

id. de Or. 1, 12;

so of discourse,

Quint. 5, 14, 33; and transf., of the speaker himself: utroque genere creber et distinctus Cato, Cic. Brut. 17 fin.; cf. in comp., Tac. Or. 18.— Adv.: distincte.

(Acc. to I.) Distinctly, clearly:

articulatim distincteque dicere,

Cic. Leg. 1, 13, 36; id. Or. 28 fin.:

scribere,

id. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

designare,

Plin. Pan. 88, 6.—In the comp.:

enuntiare,

id. Ep. 7, 13.— Sup.:

distinctissime persuadere,

Cassiod. Complex ad Ephes. 3.—

(Acc. to II.) Elegantly, handsomely:

qui distincte, qui explicate, qui abundanter, qui illuminate et rebus et verbis dicunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 53; cf. id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

distinctius,

Plin. Ep. 3, 1, 1.

ex-plĭco, āvi and ŭi (the latter first in Verg. G. 2, 280; afterwards freq.; Hor. C. 3, 29, 16; 4, 9, 44; id. S. 2, 2, 125; Liv. 7, 23, 6 et saep.; cf. Gell. 1, 7, 20), ātum or ĭtum (Cic. uses mostly atum, Caes. atum and itum; cf.

explicaturos,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78, 4;

with explicitis,

id. ib. 3, 75, 2;

and, explicitius,

id. ib. 1, 78, 2; upon these forms v. Neue, Formenl. 2, pp. 479 sq., 550 sq.), 1, v. a., to unfold, uncoil, unroll, unfurl, spread out, loosen, undo (class.; esp. freq. in the trop. sense; syn.: expedio, extrico, enodo, enucleo; explano, expono, interpretor).

Lit.:

velum,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 7:

non explicata veste neque proposito argento, etc.,

spread out, Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 161:

volumen,

to open, id. Rosc. Am. 35, 101:

suas pennas (ales),

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 55:

plenas plagas,

Mart. 1, 56, 8:

perturbatum et confusum agmen,

to put in order, Hirt. B. G. 8, 14, 2:

capillum pectine,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 129 Müll.:

fusos,

to unwind, Mart. 4, 54, 10:

frontem sollicitam,

to free from wrinkles, to smooth, Hor. C. 3, 29, 16;

for which: explicare seria contractae frontis,

id. S. 2, 2, 125; cf.

mare,

i. e. to calm, Sen. Herc. Oet. 455:

si ex his te laqueis exueris ac te aliqua via ac ratione explicaris,

hast extricated, freed thyself, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 58, § 151:

se (ex funibus ancorarum),

Dig. 9, 2, 29:

inimicae et oves, difficile se (apibus) e lanis earum explicantibus,

Plin. 11, 18, 19, § 62:

se explicat angustum,

Juv. 12, 55.—

Transf., to spread out, stretch out, extend, deploy, display:

aciem,

Liv. 7, 23, 6; 40, 4, 4; 40, 5, 26 al.; cf.

ordinem,

id. 2, 46, 3:

agmen,

id. 10, 20, 3:

cohortes (longa legio),

Verg. G. 2, 280:

se turmatim (equites),

Caes. B. C. 3, 93, 3; cf.

mid.: priusquam plane legiones explicari et consistere possent,

id. ib. 2, 26, 4; and:

ut ordo omnium navium explicari posset,

Liv. 37, 23, 10:

per obstantis catervas Explicuit sua victor arma,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 44:

atria, congestos satis explicatura clientes,

Stat. Th. 1, 146:

ut forum laxaremus et usque ad atrium Libertatis explicaremus,

extend, Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14; cf.:

unde pons in oppidum pertinens explicatur,

Sall. H. 3, 20:

orbes (serpens),

Ov. M. 15, 720:

frondes omnes (pampinus),

Verg. G. 2, 335:

se (montes),

Plin. 5, 29, 31, § 118:

arida ligna in flammas (ignis),

Lucr. 2, 882:

convivium,

i. e. to set out richly, to furnish, Mart. 1, 100, 13:

explicavi meam rem post illa lucro,

i. e. amplified, enlarged, Plaut. Poen. 3, 5, 5.

Trop.

In gen. (very seldom):

explica atque excute intelligentiam tuam, ut videas quae sit, etc.,

display, Cic. Off. 3, 20, 81: Siciliam multis undique cinctam periculis explicavit, has set at large, set free (qs. released from toils, snares), id. de Imp. Pomp. 11, 30; cf.:

quemadmodum se explicent dicendo,

id. Fl. 4, 10: da operam, ut te explices, huc quam primum venias, Pompei. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12, D. 2.—

In partic.

To disentangle, set in order, arrange, regulate, settle, adjust any thing complicated or difficult:

pulcre ego hanc explicatam tibi rem dabo,

Plaut. Ps. 4, 1, 20:

peto a te, ut ejus negotia explices et expedias,

Cic. Fam. 13, 26, 2:

negotia,

id. Att. 5, 12, 3; cf. id. ib. 16, 3, 5:

belli rationem,

id. Prov. Cons. 14, 35; cf.:

rationem salutis,

id. Fam. 6, 1, 2:

rem frumentariam,

Hirt. B. G. 8, 4 fin.: si Faberius nobis nomen illud explicat, noli quaerere, quanti, settles, i. e. pays that item, Cic. Att. 13, 29, 2:

Faberianum,

id. ib. § 3; cf.:

si qui debitores, quia non possint explicare pecuniam, differant solutionem,

Dig. 42, 1, 31:

consilium,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78, 4; cf.:

his explicitis rebus,

id. ib. 3, 75, 2: subvenire tempestati quavis ratione sapientis est;

eoque magis, si plus adipiscare re explicatā boni, quam addubitatā mali,

Cic. Off. 1, 24, 83:

ea, quae per defunctum inchoata sunt, per heredem explicari debent,

Dig. 27, 7, 1:

transii ad elegos: hos quoque feliciter explicui,

Plin. Ep. 7, 4, 7 (cf. under

,

Plin. Ep. 8, 1, 1:

fugam,

Phaedr. 4, 7, 15:

nihilo plus explicet ac si Insanire paret, etc.,

will make no more out of it, Hor. S. 2, 3, 270.—

Of speech, to develop, unfold, set forth, exhibit, treat, state: vitam alterius totam explicare, Civ. Div. in Caecil. 8, 27:

perfice, ut Crassus haec, quae coartavit et peranguste refersit in oratione sua, dilatet nobis atque explicet,

id. de Or. 1, 35, 163:

explicando excutiendoque verbo,

id. Part. Or. 36, 124:

aliquid expedite,

id. Brut. 67, 237:

aliquid apertissime planissimeque,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 64, § 156:

aliquid definitione,

id. Fin. 3, 10, 33:

funera fando,

Verg. A. 2, 362:

philosophiam,

Cic. Div. 2, 2, 6; cf.:

philosophiam diligentissime Graecis litteris,

id. Ac. 1, 2, 4:

summorum oratorum Graecas orationes,

id. de Or. 1, 34, 155:

geometricum quiddam aut physicum aut dialecticum (corresp. to expedire),

id. Div. 2, 59, 122:

non de aegritudine solum, sed de omni animi perturbatione explicabo,

id. Tusc. 3, 6, 13:

de scorpionibus et catapultis,

Vitr. 10, 22:

ut explicemus, quae sint materiae, etc.,

Quint. 10, 5, 1.— Pass. impers.:

quae vero auxilia sunt capitis, eo loco explicitum est,

Cels. 4, 2.—Hence,

explĭcātus, a, um, P. a.

Lit., spread out:

Capua planissimo in loco explicata,

Cic. Agr. 2, 35, 96:

vallis,

Pall. Aug. 11, 2.—

Trop.

Well ordered, regular:

in causa facili atque explicata,

Cic. Planc. 2, 5.—

Plain, clear:

nisi explicata solutione non sum discessurus,

Cic. Att. 15, 20, 4.— Comp.:

litterae tuae, quibus nihil potest esse explicatius, nihil perfectius,

Cic. Att. 9, 7, 2.— Sup.:

explicatissima responsa,

Aug. Ep. 34 fin. —

Assured, certain:

nec habet explicatam aut exploratam rationem salutis suae,

Cic. Fam. 6, 1, 2.—

* Adv.: explĭ-cāte, plainly, clearly:

qui distincte, qui explicate, qui abundanter et rebus et verbis dicunt,

Cic. de Or. 3, 14, 53.— Comp.:

explicatius,

August. Civ. D. 19, 4.—

explĭ-cĭtus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to II. B. 1.), lit., disentangled, i. e. free from obstacles, easy:

in his erat angustiis res: sed ex propositis consiliis duobus explicitius videbatur, Ilerdam reverti,

Caes. B. C. 1, 78, 2.

► explĭcit, in late Lat., at the end of a book, is prob. an abbreviation of explicitus (est liber), the book is ended (acc. to signif. II. B. 1.); cf.:

explicitum nobis usque ad sua cornua librum refers,

Mart. 11, 107, 1: solemus completis opusculis ad distinctionem rei alterius sequentis medium interponere Explicit aut Feliciter aut aliquid istius modi, Hier. Ep. 28, 4.