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81 unit
единица; агрегат; узел; блок; ( войсковая) часть, подразделение; удельныйair support signal unit — Бр. подразделение связи авиационной поддержки
aircraft torpedo development unit — Бр. подразделение по испытанию и усовершенствованию авиационных торпед
air-sea warfare development unit — подразделение разработки приёмов борьбы авиации с кораблями противника
angular rate control unit — блок двухстепенных [прецессионных] гироскопов
auxiliary takeoff rocket unit — ракетный стартовый ускоритель [ускоритель взлета]
combat crew training unit — часть [подразделение] подготовки боевых экипажей
hose(-drum, -reel) unit — шланговый агрегат (системы дозаправки топливом)
jet assisted takeoff unit — реактивный ускоритель взлета; ркт. стартовый двигатель
long-range combat air unit — часть [подразделение] бомбардировочной авиации; подразделение истребителей-бомбардировщиков дальнего действия
main unit of landing gear — главная но: га шасси
monitor and equalization display unit — блок контроля и индикации рассогласования подсистем (резервированной системы)
range temperature control unit — дв. всережимный регулятор по температуре воздуха
rocket assisted takeoff unit — ракетный ускоритель взлета; ркт. стартовый двигатель
rudder artificial feel unit — механизм загрузки [усилий] руля направления
spotting and reconnaissance unit — корректировочно-разведывательная часть [подразделение]
vertical gyro control unit — гиродатчик вертикали; матка авиагоризонта
— I/O unit— jatounit— jet unit -
82 mechanical
mɪˈkænɪkəl
1. сущ.;
мн.
1) редк. детали механической конструкции
2) законченная копия, состоящая обычно из пробного оттиска и иллюстративного материала, расположенная и смонтированная для фотомеханического воспроизводства
2. прил.
1) машинный, машиностроительный (связанный с конструированием и производством машин и механизмов) mechanical engineer ≈ инженер-механик mechanical engineering ≈ машиностроение Syn: machine
3.
2) механический;
автоматический (производимый с помощью машин) mechanical power ≈ механическая сила
3) технический (имеющий отношение к технике, к машинам) a mechanical genius ≈ технический гений mechanical aptitude ≈ способности к технике, к инженерному делу Syn: technical
4) машинальный, автоматический Her singing was cold and mechanical. ≈ Ее пение было холодным и механическим. Syn: automatic
5) филос. механистический механизм механическая часть( какой-л. системы) (американизм) (полиграфия) (черно-белый) штриховой оригинал механическая копилка( игрушечная) машинный;
механический - * life (техническое) срок службы (машины) - * engineer инженер-механик;
машиностроитель - * engineering машиностроение - * damage /failure/ механическое повреждение - * effect полезная мощность;
эффективная мощность механический, автоматический - * arm механическая рука;
манипулятор - * brain( разговорное) аппаратура управления - * composition( полиграфия) машинный набор - * computer механическое счетно-решающее устройство;
счетно-вычислительная машина - * contact mine( военное) ударная мина - * control механическое управление - * fuze (военное) механический дистанционный взрыватель - * lubrication( техническое) принудительная смазка - * means средства механизации (работ) - * pilot (авиация) автопилот - * traction механическая тяга - * transport автотранспорт технический - * aptitude технические способности (человека) - * aptitude test( военное) проверка технических способностей (ученика) - * training техническая подготовка, техническое обучение - * skill технический навык - to have a * turn иметь наклонности к технике /к механике/ машинальный - * answer машинальный ответ - * movement машинальное движение( философское) механистический - * philosophy механистическая философия, механицизм( устаревшее) относящийся к механикам, ремесленникам, мастеровым ~ машинный;
механический;
mechanical engineer инженер-механик;
mechanical engineering машиностроение ~ технический;
mechanical skill технический навыкБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > mechanical
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83 sound
I 1. [saʊnd]1) fis. telev. rad. suono m.2) (noise) rumore m.; (of bell, instrument, voice) suono m.3) (volume) audio m., volume m.4) mus. (distinctive style)5) fig. (impression from hearsay)I don't like the sound of that — (la cosa) non mi ispira o non mi piace per niente
2.by the sound of it,... — a quanto pare
modificatore [engineer, technician] del suono3.1) (in good condition) [building, constitution] solido; [ heart] forte; [lungs, physique] sano; [ health] buono2) (well-founded) [basis, education] solido; [ judgment] sensato; [ advice] valido6) (correct, acceptable)4.II 1. [saʊnd]to be sound asleep — essere profondamente addormentato, dormire della grossa
2) ling. pronunciare [ letter]3) med. auscultare [ chest]2.1) (seem) sembrareto sound banal, boring — sembrare banale, noioso
3) (convey impression) fare, suonareshe calls herself Geraldine - it sounds more sophisticated — si fa chiamare Geraldine - fa più sofisticato
it may sound silly, but... — può sembrare stupido, ma
4) (make a noise) [trumpet, alarm, buzzer, siren] suonare•III [saʊnd]nome geogr. stretto m.* * *I adjective1) (strong or in good condition: The foundations of the house are not very sound; He's 87, but he's still sound in mind and body.)2) ((of sleep) deep: She's a very sound sleeper.)3) (full; thorough: a sound basic training.)4) (accurate; free from mistakes: a sound piece of work.)5) (having or showing good judgement or good sense: His advice is always very sound.)•- soundly- soundness
- sound asleep II 1. noun1) (the impressions transmitted to the brain by the sense of hearing: a barrage of sound; ( also adjective) sound waves.)2) (something that is, or can be, heard: The sounds were coming from the garage.)3) (the impression created in the mind by a piece of news, a description etc: I didn't like the sound of her hairstyle at all!)2. verb1) (to (cause something to) make a sound: Sound the bell!; The bell sounded.)2) (to signal (something) by making a sound: Sound the alarm!)3) ((of something heard or read) to make a particular impression; to seem; to appear: Your singing sounded very good; That sounds like a train.)4) (to pronounce: In the word `pneumonia', the letter p is not sounded.)5) (to examine by tapping and listening carefully: She sounded the patient's chest.)•- soundlessly
- sound effects
- soundproof 3. verb(to make (walls, a room etc) soundproof.) insonorizzareIII verb(to measure the depth of (water etc).)- sounding- sound out* * *sound (1) /saʊnd/a.1 sano ( anche fig.); buono; in buone condizioni fisiche; solido; valido; efficace; fondato (fig.): a sound mind in a sound body, mente sana in corpo sano; safe and sound, sano e salvo; a sound economic policy, una sana politica economica; sound advice, buoni consigli; consigli validi; a sound ship, una nave in buone condizioni; a sound bank, una banca solida; a sound method, un metodo valido; sound criticism, critiche efficaci, fondate4 (comm.) solvibile8 (fam.) forte; sonoro; bello (fam.): a sound defeat, una bella batosta; a sound slap, un sonoro ceffone, un bello schiaffo● sound-headed, equilibrato (fig.) □ (fam.) sound in life and limb, in buona salute; in forma □ (fin.) a sound investment, un investimento sicuro □ sound-minded, dotato di buonsenso □ (fin.) sound money, moneta stabile □ sound sense, buonsenso □ a sound thrashing, una bella bastonatura; un fracco di botte (pop.) □ sound views, vedute giuste; idee sane □ (fam.) as sound as a bell, ( di persona) sano come un pesce; ( di cosa) in perfette condizioni.♦ sound (2) /saʊnd/A n. [uc]1 suono ( anche fig.); rumore; rombo; rimbombo; rintocco: (fon.) vowel sounds, suoni vocalici; What was that sound?, cosa è stato quel rumore?; the sound of footsteps, il rumore dei passi; The sound of aircraft landing, il rombo degli aerei che atterrano; the sound of bells, il rintocco delle campane; a metallic sound, un suono metallico4 (cinem.) (il) sonoro5 (TV) (il) sonoro; audio: loss of sound, scomparsa del sonoro; Turn down the sound, will you?, abbassa l'audio (o il volume), per favore!6 (fig.) modo in cui si mettono le cose: From the sound of it, I'm afraid the strike may go on for weeks, da come si mettono le cose, temo che lo sciopero vada avanti per delle settimane; by the sound of it, a quanto pareB a. attr.● (aeron.) sound barrier, muro del suono: to break the sound barrier, superare il muro del suono □ (fam.) sound bite ► sound-bite □ (mus.) sound body ► soundbox □ (cinem., TV) sound by…, tecnico del suono… ( seguito dal nome) □ (comput.) sound card, scheda audio □ (tecn.) sound check, controllo dell'audio □ sound conditioned, insonorizzato □ (tecn.) sound deadener, materiale fonoassorbente □ sound engineer, tecnico del suono; (cinem.) fonico □ (comm.) sound equipment, attrezzature acustiche □ (mus.) sound grill, griglia sonora ( di fisarmonica) □ (fis.) sound-level meter, fonometro □ sound library, fonoteca □ sound meter = sound-level meter ► sopra □ sound mixer, apparecchio per il missaggio ( di un film, ecc.), mixer; tecnico addetto al missaggio □ (mus.) sound post, anima ( di un violino, ecc.) □ sound projector, proiettore sonoro □ ( anche mil.) sound ranging, fonotelemetria □ (tecn.) sound-ranging altimeter, altimetro acustico □ sound recorder, fonoregistratore □ ( slang USA) sound sheet, disco fonografico inserito in una rivista; dischetto ( da pochi soldi) □ (ling.) sound shift, cambiamento fonetico; rotazione consonantica □ (cinem., radio, TV) sound technician (o recordist), fonico; tecnico del suono □ (cinem.) sound track, colonna sonora □ ( USA) sound truck, furgone con altoparlante □ (fis.) sound wave, onda sonora □ out of sound, fuori del campo uditivo □ to be within sound of st., essere in grado di udire qc.; essere a portata di orecchio □ We liked the sound of his report, il tenore della sua relazione ci fece piacere.sound (3) /saʊnd/n.sound (4) /saʊnd/n. (geogr.)1 braccio di mare; strettosound (5) /saʊnd/n.(zool.) vescica natatoria ( dei pesci).♦ (to) sound (1) /saʊnd/A v. i.1 suonare ( anche fig.); echeggiare; rimbombare; risuonare; squillare: His last words sounded in my ears, le sue ultime parole mi risuonavano nelle orecchie; The bugles sounded, squillarono le trombe; This sentence doesn't sound well, questa frase suona male2 sembrare, apparire, parere ( al suono): His idea sounds like a good one, la sua idea pare buona; DIALOGO → - After the cinema- That sounds good, buona idea; His voice sounded troubled, la sua voce appariva turbata; Your cough sounds better, sembra che la tosse ti stia passando; to sound as if (o as though) sembrare che: It sounds as if the economic situation is getting worse and worse, sembra che la congiuntura peggiori sempre piùB v. t.1 suonare; ( dell'orologio) battere: (mil.) to sound the alarm [the retreat], suonare l'allarme [la ritirata]; The clock sounds the hour, l'orologio batte l'ora2 far risuonare; battere su (qc. per controllarne il suono): to sound the wheels of a railway carriage, battere sulle ruote di una carrozza ferroviaria3 (med.) auscultare4 (fon.) pronunciare: The «h» in «heir» is not sounded, l'«h» nella parola «heir» non si pronuncia (o è muta)● to sound hollow, dare un suono cupo (o sordo); ( di scusa, pretesto, ecc.) suonare falso (o fasullo) □ (autom.) to sound one's horn, suonare (il clacson) □ (fig.) to sound a note of warning, far squillare un campanello d'allarme □ to sound off, (mil.) suonare; dare un segnale suonando; ( di soldati in marcia) cadenzare il passo ad alta voce; (fig. fam.) cantarla chiara, parlare apertamente; (fam. USA) concionare, pontificare; ( anche) lagnarsi, protestare, fare rimostranze □ to sound sb. 's praises far and wide, fare lodi sperticate a q.; portare q. alle stelle.(to) sound (2) /saʊnd/A v. t.1 sondare; (naut.) scandagliare; (med.) esaminare con la sonda: to sound the bottom of the sea, scandagliare il fondo del mare; to sound the depth of a channel, sondare la profondità d'un canale marittimo; (med.) to sound the bladder, esaminare la vescica con la sonda2 (fig., spesso to sound out) scandagliare; sondare; indagare su; sondare l'animo di, tastare il terreno (fig.): to sound sb. 's feelings, sondare i sentimenti di q.; Did you sound him out on ( o about) the subject?, hai tastato il terreno con lui in proposito?B v. i.1 (naut.) affondare lo scandaglio; misurare la profondità dell'acqua* * *I 1. [saʊnd]1) fis. telev. rad. suono m.2) (noise) rumore m.; (of bell, instrument, voice) suono m.3) (volume) audio m., volume m.4) mus. (distinctive style)5) fig. (impression from hearsay)I don't like the sound of that — (la cosa) non mi ispira o non mi piace per niente
2.by the sound of it,... — a quanto pare
modificatore [engineer, technician] del suono3.1) (in good condition) [building, constitution] solido; [ heart] forte; [lungs, physique] sano; [ health] buono2) (well-founded) [basis, education] solido; [ judgment] sensato; [ advice] valido6) (correct, acceptable)4.II 1. [saʊnd]to be sound asleep — essere profondamente addormentato, dormire della grossa
2) ling. pronunciare [ letter]3) med. auscultare [ chest]2.1) (seem) sembrareto sound banal, boring — sembrare banale, noioso
3) (convey impression) fare, suonareshe calls herself Geraldine - it sounds more sophisticated — si fa chiamare Geraldine - fa più sofisticato
it may sound silly, but... — può sembrare stupido, ma
4) (make a noise) [trumpet, alarm, buzzer, siren] suonare•III [saʊnd]nome geogr. stretto m. -
84 ammunition
боеприпас(ы); инж. подрывные средства, ВВ и средства взрывания; боекомплект; мор. боезапас; разг. снаряды; см. тж. munition— air craft ammunition— area-target ammunition— binary chemical ammunition— chemical agent ammunition— fixed type ammunition— scatterable ammunition -
85 depot
склад; хранилище; депо; учебный центр; база; пункт; Бр. центр формирования и подготовки части; складировать, хранить на складе;— engineer field depot— fuel storage depot— medical supply depot— ration supply depot— recruiting depot— regimental training depot— special weapons depot -
86 director-general
director-general of Security and Commandant General, RAF Regiment — Бр. начальник управления безопасности и командир королевского авиационного полка
director-general of Weapons (Army) — Бр. начальник управления вооружений (СВ)
director-general, Air Weapons and Electronic Systems — Бр. начальник управления авиационного вооружения и радиоэлектронных систем
director-general, Defence Contracts — Бр. начальник управления военных контрактов
director-general, Fighting Vehicles and Engineer Equipment — Бр. начальник управления БМ и инженерной техники
director-general, Future Projects — Бр. начальник (главного) управления перспективного планирования (МО)
director-general, GW and Electronics — Бр. начальник управления управляемого оружия и РЭС
director-general, Meteorological Office — Бр. начальник метеорологического управления (МО)
director-general, Naval Manpower and Training — Бр. начальник управления комплектования и подготовки ЛС ВМС
director-general, Naval Personal Services — Бр. начальник управления социального обеспечения ВМС
director-general, Ordnance Factories Weapons and Fighting Vehicles — Бр. инспектор управления военных заводов по вопросам производства систем оружия и БМ
director-general, Ordnance Factories, Finance and Procurement — Бр. инспектор управления военных заводов по вопросам финансов и поставок
director-general, Ordnance Factories, Production — Бр. инспектор управления военных заводов по производственным вопросам
director-general, Ordnance Services — Бр. начальник артиллерийско-технической службы
director-general, Quality Assurance — Бр. начальник управления обеспечения качества (продукции)
director-general, Research General — Бр. начальник главного научно-исследовательского управления
director-general, Ships — Бр. начальник управления кораблестроения
director-general, Strategic Electronic Systems — Бр. начальник управления стратегических радиоэлектронных систем
director-general, Supplies and Transport Naval — Бр. начальник управления снабжения и транспорта ВМС
director-general, Weapons Navy — Бр. начальник управления вооружения ВМС
Medical director-general, Naval — Бр. начальник медицинского управления ВМС
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87 situation
ситуация, обстановка, положение; состояние; условия— chemical warfare situation— electronic environment situation— ground activities situation— jamming environment situation -
88 train
A n1 Rail train m ; ( underground) rame f ; on ou in the train dans le train ; fast/slow train train m rapide/omnibus ; the London/Paris train le train de Londres/Paris ; a train to London/Paris un train pour Londres/Paris ; the morning/5 o'clock train le train du matin/de 5 heures ; an up/down train GB ( in commuter belt) un train à destination de/en provenance de Londres ; to take/catch/miss the train prendre/attraper/manquer le train ; to send sth by train ou on the train expédier qch par le train ; to go to Paris by train aller à Paris en train ; it's five hours by train to Geneva Genève est à cinq heures de train ; the train now standing at platform 6 le train au quai numéro 6 ; the train is running late le train a du retard ;2 ( succession) ( of events) série f ; ( of ideas) enchaînement m ; to set off a train of events déclencher une série d'événements ; a train of thought un raisonnement ; the bell interrupted my/John's train of thought la sonnette a interrompu le fil de mes pensées/a distrait John de ses pensées ;3 ( procession) gen (of animals, vehicles, people) file f ; ( of mourners) cortège m ; Mil train m ;4 ( of gunpowder) traînée f (de poudre) ;5 ( motion) to be in train être en train or en marche ; to set ou put sth in train mettre qch en train ;6 †( retinue) suite f ; the war brought famine in its train fig la guerre a entraîné la famine dans son sillage ;7 ( on dress) traîne f ;8 Tech a train of gears un train d'engrenages.B modif Rail [crash, service, station] ferroviaire ; [times, timetable] des trains ; [driver, ticket] de train ; [traveller] en train ; [strike] des chemins de fer.C vtr1 gen, Mil, Sport ( instruct professionally) former [staff, worker, musician] (to do à faire) ; ( instruct physically) entraîner [athlete, player] (to do à faire) ; dresser [circus animal, dog] ; these men are trained to kill ces hommes sont entraînés à tuer ; to be trained on the job être formé sur le tas ; to train sb for/in sth former qn pour qch ; she is being trained for the Olympics/in sales techniques on la forme pour les jeux Olympiques/aux techniques commerciales ; to train sb as a pilot/engineer donner à qn une formation de pilote/d'ingénieur ; she was trained as a linguist elle a reçu une formation de linguiste ; a Harvard-trained economist un économiste formé à Harvard ; an Irish-trained horse un cheval entraîné en Irlande ; he's training his dog to sit up and beg il apprend à son chien à faire le beau ; she has her husband well-trained hum elle a bien dressé son mari ;2 (aim, focus) to train X on Y pointer or braquer X sur Y ; she trained the gun/binoculars on him elle a braqué le fusil/les jumelles sur lui ; the firemen trained the hose on the fire les pompiers ont dirigé le tuyau sur les flammes ;3 Hort palisser [plant, tree].D vi1 gen ( for profession) être formé, étudier ; he trained at the Language Institute il a été formé or il a étudié à l'Institut des Langues ; he's training for the ministry il étudie pour être pasteur ; I trained on a different type of machine j'ai été formé sur un autre type de machine ; he's training to be/he trained as a doctor il suit/il a reçu une formation de docteur ;2 Sport s'entraîner (for pour) ; I train by running 15 km je m'entraîne en courant 15 km.■ train up ○:▶ train up [sb], train [sb] up former [employee, staff, soldier] ; entraîner [athlete]. -
89 mechanic
mɪˈkænɪk
1. сущ.
1) механик automobile mechanic амер., motorcar брит. mechanic ≈ автомеханик Syn: operator
2) ремесленник;
мастеровой Syn: workman, hand, handicraftsman
2. прил.;
уст.;
= mechanical механик;
машинист;
оператор - motor * автомеханик - dental * зубной техник ремесленник;
мастеровой машинный;
механический - * life (техническое) срок службы (машины) - * engineer инженер-механик;
машиностроитель - * engineering машиностроение - * damage /failure/ механическое повреждение - * effect полезная мощность;
эффективная мощность механический, автоматический - * arm механическая рука;
манипулятор - * brain( разговорное) аппаратура управления - * composition (полиграфия) машинный набор - * computer механическое счетно-решающее устройство;
счетно-вычислительная машина - * contact mine( военное) ударная мина - * control механическое управление - * fuze (военное) механический дистанционный взрыватель - * lubrication( техническое) принудительная смазка - * means средства механизации (работ) - * pilot (авиация) автопилот - * traction механическая тяга - * transport автотранспорт технический - * aptitude технические способности( человека) - * aptitude test( военное) проверка технических способностей (ученика) - * training техническая подготовка, техническое обучение - * skill технический навык - to have a * turn иметь наклонности к технике /к механике/ машинальный - * answer машинальный ответ - * movement машинальное движение( философское) механистический - * philosophy механистическая философия, механицизм( устаревшее) относящийся к механикам, ремесленникам, мастеровым chief ~ главный механик master ~ главный механик mechanic уст. = mechanical ~ машинист ~ механик ~ механик ~ оператор ~ ремесленник;
мастеровой mechanic уст. = mechanical mechanical: mechanical автоматический ~ машинальный ~ машинный;
механический;
mechanical engineer инженер-механик;
mechanical engineering машиностроение ~ машинный ~ филос. механистический ~ механический;
автоматический ~ механический ~ технический;
mechanical skill технический навык ~ техническийБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > mechanic
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90 CET
1) Общая лексика: Установленное время (Cell etc time), среднеевропейское время2) Американизм: Council For Education Technology3) Спорт: Canyon Extreme Track4) Военный термин: combat engineer tractor5) Психиатрия: Cerebral electrotherapy, Computer electroencephalographic topography6) Техника: combustor exit temperature, construction electrician telephone, containment event tree, controlled environment testing, core exit thermocouple, critical experiment tank7) Метеорология: Certified Electronics Technician8) Бухгалтерия: Cern Expenditure Tracking9) Сокращение: Central English Time, Central Europe Time, Critical Entry Time, Cutting-Edge Technology, центральноевропейское время (вся Европа за искл. GB (+2 часа к Москве))10) Университет: Center For Educational Technology, College English Test, Common Entrance Test, Computer Electronic Technologies, The Center Of Excellence Training11) Электроника: Count Enable Trickle12) Вычислительная техника: Central European Time-1:00, Central European Time (+0100, TZ, MET)14) Канадский термин: (сокр. от) Certified Engineer Tecnnologist = дипломированный инженер-технолог15) Энергетика: Central European Time (GMT+1)17) Деловая лексика: Central European Time18) Расширение файла: Central European Time (+1:00)19) SAP.тех. технология CET20) Нефть и газ: cetane number21) Электротехника: corrected effective temperature22) Должность: Certified Electronic Technician, Certified Elevator Technician, Certified Engineering Technologist, Certified Environmental Trainer, Computer Engineering Technology23) Международная торговля: Common External Tariff -
91 Cet
1) Общая лексика: Установленное время (Cell etc time), среднеевропейское время2) Американизм: Council For Education Technology3) Спорт: Canyon Extreme Track4) Военный термин: combat engineer tractor5) Психиатрия: Cerebral electrotherapy, Computer electroencephalographic topography6) Техника: combustor exit temperature, construction electrician telephone, containment event tree, controlled environment testing, core exit thermocouple, critical experiment tank7) Метеорология: Certified Electronics Technician8) Бухгалтерия: Cern Expenditure Tracking9) Сокращение: Central English Time, Central Europe Time, Critical Entry Time, Cutting-Edge Technology, центральноевропейское время (вся Европа за искл. GB (+2 часа к Москве))10) Университет: Center For Educational Technology, College English Test, Common Entrance Test, Computer Electronic Technologies, The Center Of Excellence Training11) Электроника: Count Enable Trickle12) Вычислительная техника: Central European Time-1:00, Central European Time (+0100, TZ, MET)14) Канадский термин: (сокр. от) Certified Engineer Tecnnologist = дипломированный инженер-технолог15) Энергетика: Central European Time (GMT+1)17) Деловая лексика: Central European Time18) Расширение файла: Central European Time (+1:00)19) SAP.тех. технология CET20) Нефть и газ: cetane number21) Электротехника: corrected effective temperature22) Должность: Certified Electronic Technician, Certified Elevator Technician, Certified Engineering Technologist, Certified Environmental Trainer, Computer Engineering Technology23) Международная торговля: Common External Tariff -
92 commander
командир; командующий; начальник; командир корабля; кавалер ( ордена) ;commander, Air Force — командующий ВВС
commander, Allied Air Forces in Europe — командующий ОВВС НАТО в Европе
commander, Allied Command Europe, Mobile Force (Land) — командующий СВ мобильных сил ОВС НАТО в Европе
commander, Army Signals — Бр. начальник связи армии
commander, Battle Force — командующий оперативным соединением (флота)
commander, Berlin brigade (infantry) — командир Берлинской пехотной бригады
commander, British Forces, Hong Kong — командующий английскими войсками в Гонконге
commander, Canadian Subarea, Atlantic — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Канадском районе Атлантики
commander, Carrier Striking Force — командир авианосного ударного соединения
commander, Carrier Striking Group — командир авианосной ударной группы
commander, Central Mediterranean Area — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Центральном районе Средиземного моря
commander, Central Subarea, Eastern Atlantic — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Центральном районе Восточной Атлантики
commander, Corps, Royal Artillery — Бр. начальник артиллерии корпуса
commander, Corps, Royal Engineers — Бр. корпусной инженер
commander, Eastern Mediterranean Area — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Восточном районе Средиземного моря
commander, Fleet Air Forces — командующий авиацией флота
commander, Gibraltar Mediterranean — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Гибралтарском районе
commander, HQ company — командир штабной роты
commander, Land Forces — командующий СВ
commander, Naval Air Bases — командующий АБ ВМС
commander, Naval Air Force, US Pacific Fleet — командующий ВВС Тихоокеанского флота США
commander, Naval Air Systems — командующий авиационными системами ВМС
commander, Naval District — Бр. командующий военно-морским районом
commander, Naval Force — командующий ВМС
commander, Naval Forces, Gulf — Бр. командующий ВМС в зоне Персидского залива
commander, Naval Striking and Support Forces — командующий ударными ВМС и силами поддержки (НАТО)
commander, Naval Submarines Forces — командующий подводными силами ВМС
commander, Naval Subsurface Forces — командующий подводными силами ВМС
commander, Naval Surface Forces — командующий надводными силами ВМС
commander, North East Subarea Channel — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Северо-Восточном районе зоны пролива Ла-Манш
commander, Northern Army Group — командующий Северной группой армий
commander, Northern Maritime Air Region — Бр. командующий Северным районом береговой авиации
commander, Northern Subarea, Eastern Atlantic — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Северном районе Восточной Атлантики
commander, Ocean Subarea — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Океанском районе Атлантики
commander, Oceanographic Systems — командующий океанографическими системами
commander, Operational Control Center — начальник центра оперативного управления
commander, Plymouth Subarea, Channel — командующий ОВМС НАТО в районе Плимут зоны пролива Ла-Манш
commander, Regional Command Zone — командующий ОВС (НАТО) региона
commander, Royal Army Ordnance Corps — Бр. начальник артиллерийско-технической службы СВ
commander, Royal Artillery — Бр. начальник артиллерии (дивизии)
commander, Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers — Бр. начальник инженерной ремонтно-восстановительной службы (СВ)
commander, Royal Engineers — Бр. начальник инженерной службы (дивизии)
commander, Southeastern Mediterranean Area — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Юго-Восточном районе Средиземного моря
commander, Striking Fleet, Atlantic — командующий ударным флотом на Атлантике (НАТО)
commander, Striking Forces — командующий ударными силами
commander, subarea — командующий (под)районом
commander, Submarine Forces, Western Atlantic Area — командующий подводными силами ОВМС НАТО в Западной Атлантике
commander, Submarines, Mediterranean — командующий подводными силами ОВМС НАТО на Средиземном море
commander, Sultan of Oman's Land Forces — Бр. командующий СВ в Султанате Оман
commander, UK Air Defence Region — командующий районом ПВО Великобритании
commander, US Army, Berlin — командующий СВ США в Западном Берлине
commander, US Forces — командующий ВС США (в каком-л. регионе)
commander, Western Mediterranean Area — командующий ОВМС НАТО в Западном районе Средиземного моря
executing commander (nuclear weapon) — командир, получивший приказ на применение ЯО
naval commander, assault force — командир морского штурмового десантного отряда
parade smb. before the commander — отдавать приказание явиться к командиру (по поводу нарушения дисциплины);
US commander, Berlin — командующий ВС США в Западном Берлине
— support command commander— Supreme High commander -
93 laboratory
( научно-исследовательская) лаборатория; научно-исследовательский институт, НИИ— chemical field laboratory -
94 point
головной [тыльный] дозор; ориентир; пункт; балл— ammunition breakdown point— dismounting point— drop-off point— initial rallying point— mounting point— objective rallying point— starting point— strategic focal point -
95 Juran, Joseph Moses
(b. 1904) Gen MgtRomanian-born engineer and consultant. Introduced ideas on total quality management to Japan and later, like W. Edwards Deming, to the West. Juran’s methods, first published in Quality Control Handbook (1951), center on building a customerfocused organization through planning, control and improvement, and good people management.Juran trained as an electrical engineer, worked for Western Electric in the 1920s, becoming quality manager at their Chicago plant, and later went to work for AT&T. In 1953, he made his first visit to Japan, where he spent two months observing Japanese practices and training managers and engineers in what he called managing for quality. For the next quarter of a century, Juran continued to give seminars on the subject of quality throughout the world. In 1979 he founded the Juran Institute to spread and facilitate the implementation of quality management programs worldwide. -
96 Clerk, Sir Dugald
[br]b. 31 March 1854 Glasgow, Scotlandd. 12 November 1932 Ewhurst, Surrey, England[br]Scottish mechanical engineer, inventor of the two-stroke internal combustion engine.[br]Clerk began his engineering training at about the age of 15 in the drawing office of H.O.Robinson \& Company, Glasgow, and in his father's works. Meanwhile, he studied at the West of Scotland Technical College and then, from 1871 to 1876, at Anderson's College, Glasgow, and at the Yorkshire College of Science, Leeds. Here he worked under and then became assistant to the distinguished chemist T.E.Thorpe, who set him to work on the fractional distillation of petroleum, which was to be useful to him in his later work. At that time he had intended to become a chemical engineer, but seeing a Lenoir gas engine at work, after his return to Glasgow, turned his main interest to gas and other internal combustion engines. He pursued his investigations first at Thomson, Sterne \& Company (1877–85) and then at Tangyes of Birmingham (1886–88. In 1888 he began a lifelong partnership in Marks and Clerk, consulting engineers and patent agents, in London.Beginning his work on gas engines in 1876, he achieved two patents in the two following years. In 1878 he made his principal invention, patented in 1881, of an engine working on the two-stroke cycle, in which the piston is powered during each revolution of the crankshaft, instead of alternate revolutions as in the Otto four-stroke cycle. In this engine, Clerk introduced supercharging, or increasing the pressure of the air intake. Many engines of the Clerk type were made but their popularity waned after the patent for the Otto engine expired in 1890. Interest was later revived, particularly for application to large gas engines, but Clerk's engine eventually came into its own where simple, low-power motors are needed, such as in motor cycles or motor mowers.Clerk's work on the theory and design of gas engines bore fruit in the book The Gas Engine (1886), republished with an extended text in 1909 as The Gas, Petrol and Oil Engine; these and a number of papers in scientific journals won him international renown. During and after the First World War, Clerk widened the scope of his interests and served, often as chairman, on many bodies in the field of science and industry.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1917; FRS 1908; Royal Society Royal Medal 1924; Royal Society of Arts Alber Medal 1922.Further ReadingObituary Notices of Fellows of the Royal Society, no. 2, 1933.LRD -
97 Guest, James John
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 24 July 1866 Handsworth, Birmingham, Englandd. 11 June 1956 Virginia Water, Surrey, England[br]English mechanical engineer, engineering teacher and researcher.[br]James John Guest was educated at Marlborough in 1880–4 and at Trinity College, Cambridge, graduating as fifth wrangler in 1888. He received practical training in several workshops and spent two years in postgraduate work at the Engineering Department of Cambridge University. After working as a draughtsman in the machine-tool, hydraulic and crane departments of Tangyes Ltd at Birmingham, he was appointed in 1896 Assistant Professor of Engineering at McGill University in Canada. After a short time he moved to the Polytechnic Institute at Worcester, Massachusetts, where he was for three years Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Head of the Engineering Department. In 1899 he returned to Britain and set up as a consulting engineer in Birmingham, being a partner in James J.Guest \& Co. For the next fifteen years he combined this work with research on grinding phenomena. He also developed a theory of grinding which he first published in a paper at the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1914 and elaborated in a paper to the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and in his book Grinding Machinery (1915). During the First World War, in 1916–17, he was in charge of inspection in the Staffordshire and Shropshire Area, Ministry of Munitions. In 1917 he returned to teaching as Reader in Graphics and Structural Engineering at University College London. His final appointment was about 1923 as Professor of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Artillery College, Woolwich, which later became the Military College of Science.He carried out research on the strength of materials and contributed many articles on the subject to the technical press. He originated Guest's Law for a criterion of failure of materials under combined stresses, first published in 1900. He was a Member of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers in 1900–6 and from 1919 and contributed to their proceedings in many discussions and two major papers.[br]BibliographyOf many publications by Guest, the most important are: 1900, "Ductile materials under combined stress", Proceedings of the Physical Society 17:202.1915, Grinding Machinery, London.1915, "Theory of grinding, with reference to the selection of speeds in plain and internal work", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers 89:543.1917. "Torsional hysteresis of mild steel", Proceedings of the Royal Society A93:313.1918. with F.C.Lea, "Curved beams", Proceedings of the Royal Society A95:1. 1930, "Effects of rapidly acting stress", Proceedings of the Institution of MechanicalEngineers 119:1,273.RTS -
98 Hammond, Robert
[br]b. 19 January 1850 Waltham Cross, Englandd. 5 August 1915 London, England[br]English engineer who established many of the earliest public electricity-supply systems in Britain.[br]After an education at Nunhead Grammar School, Hammond founded engineering businesses in Middlesbrough and London. Obtaining the first concession from the Anglo- American Brush Company for the exploitation of their system in Britain, he was instrumental in popularizing the Brush arc-lighting generator. Schemes using this system, which he established at Chesterfield, Brighton, Eastbourne and Hastings in 1881–2, were the earliest public electricity-supply ventures in Britain. On the invention of the incandescent lamp, high-voltage Brush dynamos were employed to operate both arc and incandescent lamps. The limitations of this arrangement led Hammond to become the sole agent for the Ferranti alternator, introduced in 1882. Commencing practice as a consulting engineer, Hammond was responsible for the construction of many electricity works in the United Kingdom, of which the most notable were those at Leeds, Hackney (London) and Dublin, in addition to many abroad. Appreciating the need for trained engineers for the new electrical industry and profession then being created, in 1882 he established the Hammond Electrical Engineering College. Later, in association with Francis Ince, he founded Faraday House, a training school that pioneered the concept of "sandwich courses" for engineers. Between 1883 and 1903 he paid several visits to the United States to study developments in electric traction and was one of the advisers to the Postmaster General on the acquisition of the telephone companies.[br]Bibliography1884, Electric Light in Our Homes, London (one of the first detailed accounts of electric lighting).1897, "Twenty five years" developments in central stations', Electrical Review 41:683–7 (surveys nineteenth-century public electricity supply).Further ReadingF.W.Lipscomb, 1973, The Wise Men of the Wires, London (the story of Faraday House). B.Bowers, 1985, biography, in Dictionary of Business Biography, Vol. III, ed. J.Jeremy, London, pp. 21–2 (provides an account of Hammond's business ventures). J.D.Poulter, 1986, An Early History of 'Electricity Supply, London.GW -
99 Worsdell, Thomas William
[br]b. 14 January 1838 Liverpool, Englandd. 28 June 1916 Arnside, Westmorland, England[br]English locomotive engineer, pioneer of the use of two-cylinder compound locomotives in Britain.[br]T.W.Worsdell was the son of Nathaniel Worsdell. After varied training, which included some time in the drawing office of the London \& North Western Railway's Crewe Works, he moved to the Pennsylvania Railroad, USA, in 1865 and shortly became Master Mechanic in charge of its locomotive workshops in Altoona. In 1871, however, he accepted an invitation from F.W. Webb to return to Crewe as Works Manager: it was while he was there that Webb produced his first compound locomotive by rebuilding an earlier simple.In 1881 T.W.Worsdell was appointed Locomotive Superintendent of the Great Eastern Railway. Working with August von Borries, who was Chief Mechanical Engineer of the Hannover Division of the Prussian State Railways, he developed a two-cylinder compound derived from the work of J.T.A. Mallet. Von Borries produced his compound 2–4–0 in 1880, Worsdell followed with a 4–4–0 in 1884; the restricted British loading gauge necessitated substitution of inside cylinders for the outside cylinders used by von Borries, particularly the large low-pressure one. T.W.Worsdell's compounds were on the whole successful and many were built, particularly on the North Eastern Railway, to which he moved as Locomotive Superintendent in 1885. There, in 1888, he started to build, uniquely, two-cylinder compound "single driver" 4–2–2s: one of them was recorded as reaching 86 mph (138 km/h). He also equipped his locomotives with a large side-window cab, which gave enginemen more protection from the elements than was usual in Britain at that time and was no doubt appreciated in the harsh winter climate of northeast England. The idea for the cab probably originated from his American experience. When T.W.Worsdell retired from the North Eastern Railway in 1890 he was succeeded by his younger brother, Wilson Worsdell, who in 1899 introduced the first 4– 6–0s intended for passenger trains in England.[br]Further ReadingC.Hamilton Ellis, 1958, Twenty Locomotive Men, Shepperton: Ian Allan, Ch. 15 (biography).E.L.Ahrons, 1927, The British Steam Railway Locomotive 1825–1925, London: The Locomotive Publishing Co., pp. 253–5 (describes his locomotives). C.Fryer, 1990, Experiments with Steam, Patrick Stephens, Ch. 7.PJGRBiographical history of technology > Worsdell, Thomas William
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100 Wright, Arthur
[br]b. 1858 London, Englandd. 26 July 1931 Paignton, Devon, England[br]English engineer and electricity supply industry pioneer.[br]Arthur Wright, educated at Maryborough College, attended a course of training at the School of Submarine Telegraphy, Telephony and Electric Light in London. In 1882 he joined the Hammond Company in Brighton, the first company to afford a regular electricity supply in Britain on a commercial basis for street and private lighting. He invented a recording ammeter and also a thermal-demand indicator used in conjunction with a tariff based on maximum demand in addition to energy consumption. This indicator was to remain in use for almost half a century.Resigning his position in Brighton in 1889, he joined the staff of S.Z.de Ferranti and served with him during developments at the Grosvenor Gallery and Deptford stations in London. In 1891 he returned to Brighton as its first Borough Electrical Engineer. From 1900 onwards he had an extensive consulting practice designing early power stations, and was approached by many municipalities and companies in Britain, the United States, South America and Australia, primarily on finance and tariffs. Associated with the founding of the Municipal Electrical Association in 1905, the following year he became its first President.[br]Bibliography1901, British patent no. 23,153 (thermal maximum demand indicator).1922, "Early days of the Brighton electricity supply", Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 60:497–9.Further ReadingObituary, 1931, Journal of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 69:1,327–8.R.H.Parsons, 1939, Early Days of the Power Station Industry, Cambridge, pp. 13–17 (describes Wright's pioneering inventions).GW
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