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easter

  • 1 ἕως 1

    ἕως 1. -ω
    Grammatical information: f.
    Meaning: `dawn, day-break' (Il.).
    Other forms: Ion. (also hell.) ἠώς, - οῦς, Dor. ἀϜώς, ἀϜώρ, gen. ἀϜῶ, Aeol. αὔως f.
    Compounds: As 1. member in ἑωσ-φόρος, Dor. ἀωσ-φόρος `bringer of dawn, morning-star' (Ψ 226, Pi. I. 4 (3), 24); see Wackernagel Unt. 100ff., where Hom. ἑωσ-φόρος is considered as ep. Atticism; s. also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 72 and (with improbable hypothesis) Schwyzer 440 n. 8.
    Derivatives: ἑώϊος, ἑῳ̃ος, ἠοῖος, ἠῳ̃ος (see Wackernagel Unt. 106f.) `of the morning, eastern' (Il.), ἕωλος `belonging to dawn, a night long', of food etc. (Att. etc.; on the pejorative λ-suffix Chantraine Formation 239); adv. ἕωθεν, ep. ἠῶθεν, Dor. ἀῶθεν `from the morning on, early in the morning' (Il.) with ἑωθινός `of the morning' (Hdt., Hp.; cf. Wackernagel Unt. 104 w. n. 1, Schwyzer 490); Hom. ἠῶθι in ἠῶθι πρό `early in the morning'; explanation uncertain, cf. Schwyzer 628 n. 6, Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 246.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [86] *h₂eus-ōs `dawn'
    Etymology: The barytonesis in ἕως as against ἠώς Wackernagel, Gött. Nachr. 1914, 49ff. (= Kl. Schr. 2, 1151ff.) thinks to explain from frequent ἕωθεν, where it is regular (Schwyzer 383). The aspiration will be due to replacement as in εὕω (Schwyzer 219; after Sommer Lautstud. 11f. however from ἑσπέρα). - PGr. *ἀ̄Ϝώς for *ἀυhώς \< IE *h₂eusṓs and is identical with Lat. aurōr-a (except the added -ā, cf. flōs: Flōr-a). Witɦ zero grade Skt. uṣā́s f. `dawn' \< *h₂usṓs. A corresponding r-stem, IE * h₂eus-r-, h₂us-r-, is seen in αὔριον (s. v.) with ἄγχ-αυρος `near the morning' (A. R. 4, 111), in Lith. aušr-à `dawn', Skt. usr-á- `of the morning', uṣar-búdh- `waking at dawn'. Of the other cognates be mentioned OCS za ustra `at dawn', Germ., e. g. OHG ōst(a)ra, -ūn `Easter'. - An ablauting full grade, *h₂u̯es-r-, in e. g. Skt. vasar-hā́ (RV. 1, 122,3), of the wind, meaning uncertain, vāsar-á- `of the morning', Celt., e. g. MIr. fāir `sunrise', IE *h₂u̯ōsr-i-. There is a sḱ-present, Skt. uccháti = Av. usaiti `lights up (of the morning)', IE *h₂us-sḱ-éti, with the full grade athematic root-aorist a-vas-ran. Uncertain Hitt. uškizzi (= [ usketsi]) `he sees' from auš-zi `he sees', 2. sg. autti (= au-ti). - More forms W.-Hofmann 1, 86 a. 87, Pok. 86f.; also Burger REIE 1, 447ff. - Cf. ἠϊκανός.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > ἕως 1

  • 2 κόλλιξ

    κόλλιξ, -ῑκος
    Grammatical information: m.
    Meaning: `round coarse bread' (Hippon., com.), `tablet' (medic.).
    Derivatives: κολλίκιος ἄρτος (Ath.), κολλίκιον (Greg. Cor.).
    Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: On the formation Schwyzer 497, Chantraine Formation 382. The word, in -ῑκ-, is no doubt Pre-Greek. (From MGr. κολλίκι(ον) Russ. kulíc `Easter-cake'; s. Vasmer Russ. et. Wb. s. v.). Cf. κόλλα.
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    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > κόλλιξ

  • 3 δευτερόπρωτος

    δευτερόπρωτος, ον a word of doubtful mng., only in the phrase ἐν σαββάτῳ δ. Lk 6:1 v.l.; many editions (but not Tdf.), following most mss., omit the word or put it in brackets. Even many ancient interpreters, understandably, could make nothing of it (Jerome, Epistle 52, 8, 2), and it may owe its origin solely to a scribal error. It might correspond (but s. M-M.) to δευτερέσχατος (=next to the last) and mean first but one (?) (cp. Epiphan., Haer. 30, 32; 51, 31 δευτερόπρωτον = δεύτερον σάββατον μετὰ τὸ πρῶτον; Eustratius, Life of Eutychius [MPG LXXXVI 2381] ἡ δευτεροπρώτη κυριακή=the first Sunday after Easter Sunday), reckoned from Passover.—CTrossen, ThGl 6, 1914, 466–75, esp. 470f; HMeulenbelt, Lk 6:1: NThSt 5, 1922, 140–42; ASchlatter, D. Ev. des Lk ’31, 67f; Goodsp., Probs. 83–85; JBover, Estudios Ecclesiasticos 7, 1928, 97–106; J-P Audet, Jésus et le ‘Calendrier sacerdotal ancien’, Sciences Ecclésiastiques (Montreal) 10, ’58, 361–83; GBuchanan-CWolfe, JBL 97, ’78, 259–62.—M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > δευτερόπρωτος

  • 4 κρίνον

    κρίνον, ου, τό (Aristoph., Hdt. et al.; Longus 2, 3, 4 [ῥόδα, κρίνα, ὑάκινθος as spring flowers]; Kaibel 547, 1 [I A.D.]; PSI 297, 8; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Σοῦσα [the land around Susa is full of κρίνα]; LXX; EpArist 68; 75; cp. Jos., Ant. 8, 77; TestSim 6:2; loanw. in rabb.) lily. In this connection the principal opinions include the autumn crocus, Turk’s cap lily, anemone, or gladiolus, but the data do not permit certainty. Perh. Jesus had no definite flower in mind, but was thinking of all the wonderful blooms that adorn the fields of Galilee. As an extremely beautiful flower (as Theodor. Prodr. 6, 296 H.) it is mentioned Mt 6:28; Lk 12:27.—LFonck, Streifzüge durch die biblische Flora 1900, 53ff; JBoehmer, Die Lilien auf dem Felde: Studierstube 6, 1908, 223ff; FLundgreen, Die Pflanzen im NT: NKZ 28, 1917, 828ff; GDalman, Die Lilie der Bibel: PJ 21, 1925, 98ff, Arbeit I, 1928, 357ff al.; ILöw, D. Flora d. Juden II 1924, 160ff, also IV ’34, 669 (indices); GKing, Consider the Lilies: Crozer Quarterly 10, ’33, 28–36; TSkeat, The Lilies of the Field: ZNW 37, ’39, 211–14; M. et Mme. EHa-Reubeni, RB 54, ’47, 362–64 (anthemis or Easter daisy, Fr. pâquerette); Zohary, Plants 169–71.—Pauly-W. VII 792ff; Kl. Pauly III 650f; BHHW II 1093.—DELG. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > κρίνον

  • 5 Μαρία

    Μαρία, ας, ἡ (vase ins fr. Samaria-Sebaste: SEG VIII, 110 [I B.C./I A.D.]; two ostraca: PMeyer, nos. 33 and 56 [both II A.D.]; s. Dssm., LO 97f; 302; a third ostracon in Dssm., LO 260 [s. LAE2 121, n. 11; 122; 306, n. 6: the addition of the mother’s name is regular in magical texts]; Jos., Bell. 6, 201; Just., Mel.) and Μαριάμ indecl. (מִרְיָם, Miriam [prophet and sister of Moses Ex 15:20f; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 3 Jac.; Ezech. Trag. 5, 18 and 23 in Clem. of Al., Strom. 1, 23, 155, 4; Philo; Just., D. 78, 3] 1 Cl 4:11) and Μαριάμμη (GMary 463, 3; GJs 16:3; 17:2f.—Joseph. writes the name Μαριά[μ]μη, ης [Ant. 3, 54].—On the name and its various forms s. B-D-F §53, 3; Mlt-H. 144f; OBardenhewer, Der Name Maria 1895; HvSoden, Die Schriften des NTs I 1906, 1373f; FZorell, ZKT 30, 1906, 356ff; EKönig, ZNW 17, 1916, 257–63; MNoth, D. isr. Personennamen 1929; WvonSoden, Bibel u. Alter Orient: ZAW Beih. 162, 129–33; MGörg, BZ ’79, 285–89) Mary.
    ① the mother of Jesus. The foll. forms of the name are attested in the var. cases: Μαρία as nom. Lk 2:19, otherw. only occasionally as v.l. (D Lk 1:30, 39, 56; cp. vss. 34, 38, 46). Gen. Μαρίας Mt 1:16, 18; 2:11; Mk 6:3; Lk 1:41; IEph 7:2; 18:2; 19:1; ITr 9:1; AcPlCor 1:14; 2:5. Acc. Μαρίαν Mt 1:20 (v.l.-άμ); AcPl Ha 8, 26; Μ. τὴν Γαλιλαίαν AcPlCor 2:14.—Μαριάμ as nom. Mt 1:16 v.l.; 13:55; Lk 1:27, 34, 38f, 46, 56; 2:19 (v.l.-ρία); as acc. Mt 1:20 v.l.; Lk 2:16; GJs 6:3 (not Bodmer); as voc. Lk 1:30; σὺν Μαριάμ Lk 2:5; Ac 1:14; πρὸς Μαριάμ Lk 2:34. Little is known about the life of this Mary; in the infancy narratives Mt 1f; Lk 1f and esp. in the apocryphal gospels (29 times GJs; s. AFuchs, Konkordanz) she plays a great role; s. WBauer, D. Leben Jesu im Zeitalter d. ntl. Apokryphen 1909; HUsener, ZNW 4, 1903, 1ff. In Mk 3:31f and parallels, where she and the brothers and sisters of Jesus are prominently mentioned, no indication of any interest in his movement is given. But Ac 1:14 mentions Mary and his brothers (brothers and sisters? s. ἀδελφός 1) among the members of the early church. The mother of Jesus is also mentioned in the Fourth Gospel, though not by name.—RSeeberg, Die Herkunft der Mutter Jesu: Bonwetsch Festschr. 1918, 13ff; JBlinzler, Jes. u. s. Mutter nach dem Zeugn. der Evv.: Klerusblatt 23, ’42; 24, ’43; UHolzmeister, De anno mortis Deip. Virg.: Marianum 4, ’42, 167–82; FWillam, D. Leb. Marias3 ’42; HRäisänen, D. Mutter Jesu im NT, ’69; JMcHugh, The Mother of Jesus in the NT ’75; RBrown, KDornfried et al., Mary in the NT ’78; RBrown, The Birth of the Messiah ’77.—ABD IV 586 (lit.). LexThK VII 25–28. TRE XXII 115–19. EDNT. II 386f.
    ② Mary Magdalene (s. Μαγδαληνή). Forms of her name: Μαρία Mt 27:56; 61 v.l.; 28:1 v.l.; Mk 15:40, 47; 16:1, 9 (Μαρίᾳ); Lk 8:2; 24:10; J 19:25; 20:1, 11, 16 v.l., 18 v.l. Μαριάμ Mt 27:56 v.l., 61; 28:1; Mk 15:40 v.l.; J 19:25 v.l.; 20:1 v.l., 11 v.l., 16 (voc.), 18; GPt 12:50. Acc. to the gospels this woman, one of Jesus’ most faithful followers, was cured by Jesus of possession by seven hostile spirits (Mk 16:9; Lk 8:2). She appears in the Passion Narrative w. women companions; also in the synoptic account of Easter morning. In J she is the only one mentioned at the grave, and sees the resurrected Lord (likew. in the long ending of Mk). Later ecclesiastical gossip identified her without warrant w. the sinful woman who anointed Jesus in the house of the Pharisee (Lk 7:37, 39). CLattey: Exp 7th ser., 8, 1909, 55–63; UHolzmeister, Die Magdalenenfrage in der kirchl. Überl.: ZKT 46, 1922, 402ff; JSickenberger, Ist die Magdalenenfrage wirklich unlösbar? BZ 17, 1926, 63ff; PKetter, D. Magdalenenfrage 1929; RBruckberger, M. Magdalena, ’54; MHengel, M. Magdalena u. d. Frauen als Zeugen: FMichel, ’63, 243–56; AMarjanen, The Woman Jesus Loved ’96 (Nag Hammadi); HMelzer-Keller, Geist und Leben 72, ’99, 97–111. LexThK VII 39f; BHHW II 1151. S. Simpson and Burkitt under 5 below.
    ③ the ‘other’ Mary, mother of James (s. Ἰάκωβος 3) and Joses (s. Ἰωσῆς 2). Form of the name Μαρία Mt 27:56, 61 (ἡ ἄλλη Μαρία; cp. PPetr III, 59); 28:1 (ἡ ἄλλ. Μ.—JMackay, The Other M.: ET 40, 1929, 319–21); Mk 15:40, 47; 16:1; Lk 24:10. She was one of the followers of Jesus present as a spectator at the events on Golgotha. Hence she could be identical with
    ④ Μαρία (v.l. Μαριάμ) ἡ τοῦ Κλωπᾶ Μ., the wife of Clopas J 19:25.
    ⑤ Mary, acc. to Lk 10:39, 42 sister of Martha, acc. to J 11:1f, 19f, 28, 31f, 45; 12:3 also sister of Lazarus, resident in Bethany. Forms of the name: Μαρία Lk 10:39 v.l., 42 v.l.; J 11:2 v.l., 20 v.l., 32 v.l.; 12:3 v.l.; Μαρίας J 11:1; Μαρίαν J 11:19 v.l., 28 v.l., 31 v.l., 45 v.l. Μαριάμ Lk 10:39, 42; J 11:2, 20, 32; 12:3; as acc. J 11:19, 28, 31, 45.—ASimpson, M. of Bethany, M. of Magdala, and Anonyma: ET 20, 1909, 307–18; FBurkitt, M. Magd. and M., Sister of Martha: ET 42, ’31, 157–59.
    ⑥ the mother of John Mark, owner of a house in Jerusalem (οἰκία τῆς Μαρίας), who placed it at the disposal of Christians for meetings Ac 12:12.
    ⑦ an otherw. unknown Christian, probably of Jewish descent (yet Μαρία appears in CB I/2, 557f nos. 439 and 440 as the fem. form of the Roman name Marius), who is greeted Ro 16:6 (ἀσπάσασθε Μαρίαν; v.l. Μαριάμ [as early as P46]), w. the additional note that she rendered outstanding service to the receivers of the letter.—EDNT. M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > Μαρία

  • 6 πάσχα

    πάσχα, τό indecl. (Aram. פַּסְחָא or פִּסְחָא for Hebr. פֶּסַח.—LXX, Philo, Joseph., Just., Mel., Did.)
    ① an annual Israelite festival commemorating Israel’s exodus from Egypt, the Passover, celebrated on the 14th of the month Nisan, and continuing into the early hours of the 15th (Jos., Ant. 3, 284f; s. also Ex 12–13; cp. Mishnah, Pesahim). This was followed immediately by the Feast of Unleavened Bread (Mazzoth; ἄζυμος 2) on the 15th to 21st. Popular usage merged the two festivals and treated them as a unity, as they were for practical purposes (s. Lk 22:1 and Mk 14:12 below.—So also Philo and Joseph.: GAmadon, ATR 27, ’45, 109–115; cp. BWambacq, Biblica 62, ’81, 499–518). τὸ π. the Passover (Festival) Mk 14:1; J 2:23; 11:55b; 12:1; 18:39; Ac 12:4. τοῦτο τὸ π. on this Passover GEb 311, 48; 50f (a rewording of Lk 22:15 fr. the Encratite perspective). τὸ π. τῶν Ἰουδαίων J 2:13; 11:55a. τὸ π., ἡ ἑορτὴ τῶν Ἰουδαίων 6:4; ἡ ἑορτὴ τοῦ π. Lk 2:41; J 13:1. παρασκευὴ τοῦ π. (s. παρασκευή) J 19:14. ἡ ἑορτὴ τῶν ἀζύμων ἡ λεγομένη πάσχα Lk 22:1 (Jos., Ant. 14, 21 τῆς τῶν ἀζύμων ἑορτῆς, ἣν πάσχα λέγομεν; 17, 213; 18, 29, Bell. 2, 10. HSchürmann, Der Paschamahlbericht, Lk 22:7–14, 15–18, ’53). τὸ π. γίνεται the Passover is being celebrated Mt 26:2.
    ② the lamb sacrificed for observance of the Passover, the Passover lamb θύειν τὸ π. (שָּׁחַט הַפֶּסַח.—Ex 12:21; Dt 16:2, 6; 1 Esdr 7:12; Just., D. 40, 1) kill the Passover lamb Mk 14:12a; Lk 22:7; fig. of Christ and his bloody death 1 Cor 5:7 (ELohse, Märtyrer u. Gottesknecht, ’55, 141–46). φαγεῖν τὸ π. (אָכַל הַפֶּסַח.—2 Ch 30:18 [φασεκ]; 2 Esdr 6:21) eat the Passover Mt 26:17; Mk 14:12b, 14; Lk 22:11, 15; J 18:28; GEb 311, 47 (here the word ἑτοιμάζειν is found, taken fr. Passover terminology [s. 3], but π. still retains its specific sense ‘Passover lamb’.—Mel., P. 16, 101 τὸ π. βιβρώσκεται; Orig., C. Cels. 1, 70, 4).—For lit. s. ἐσθίω 1a.
    ③ the Passover meal ἑτοιμάζειν τὸ π. prepare the Passover meal Mt 26:19; Mk 14:16; Lk 22:8, 13. ποιεῖν τὸ π. (oft. LXX) hold or celebrate the Passover Mt 26:18; Hb 11:28.
    ④ in later Christian usage the Easter festival (τὸ π. Hippol., Ref. 8, 5) τὸ κυρίου π. Dg 12:9.—GBeer, Pesachim 1912 (p. 1, 1 lit.); Elbogen3 ’31; HGuthe, Z. Passah der jüd. Religionsgem.: StKr 96/97, 1925, 144–71; Billerb. IV 1928, 41–76: D. Passamahl; JJeremias, D. Passahfeier der Samaritaner ’32, D. Abendmahlsworte Jesu2 ’49, 3’60, Eng. tr., The Eucharistic Words of Jesus, OEhrhardt ’55, 86–184, also 3 tr. NPerrin ’64; Dalman, Jesus 80–160; JPedersen, Passahfest u. Passahlegende: ZAW 52, ’34, 161–75; PHeawood, ET 53, ’41/42, 295–97; FBussby, ibid. 59, ’47/48, 194f; GWalther, Jesus, d. Passalamm ’50; ESchweizer, TLZ 79, ’54, 577–91; AJaubert, La date de la Cène ’57; JSegal, The Hebrew Passover to A.D. 70 ’63; HGrass Ostergeschehen u. Osterberichte2 ’62; NFüglister, Die Heilsbedeutung des Pascha ’63; ERuckstuhl, Die Chronologie des letzten Mahles, etc. ’63 (Eng. tr. VDrapela ’65); RLeDéaut, La nuit pascale ’63; JvGoudoever, Studia Evangelica III, ’64, 254–59. The work of AJaubert above has been transl. as The Date of the Last Supper by IRafferty ’65; Jaubert’s thesis rejected by EKutsch, VetusT 11, ’61, 39–47; NTheiss, Int 48, ’94, 17–35 in relation to the Seder.—EDNT. ABD VI 764f (lit.). TW. Sv.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > πάσχα

  • 7 ἀγγέλλω

    ἀγγέλλω 1 aor. ἤγγειλα (Hom.+; ins, pap [seldom], LXX in several pass., e.g. Jer 4:15 as v.l.; Jos., Vi. 301 al.; Just.) announce τινί to someone, of the Easter message brought by Mary Magdalene J 20:18; 4:51 v.l. (for λέγοντες, also w. v.l. ἀπ-and v.l. ἀν-) followed by ὅτι; GJs 6:3.—S. also ἀναγγέλλω 1 end, and ἀπαγγέλλω. AcPl Ha 2, 15: καὶ ἀπελθοῦ|[σα ἤγγει]λ̣εν τῷ Παύλῳ.—B. 1278. DELG s.v. ἄγγελος. M-M. TW.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀγγέλλω

См. также в других словарях:

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