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  • 21 repeto

    rĕ-pĕto, īvi or ĭi, ītum, 3, v. a., to fall upon or attack again or anew, to strike again (syn. repercutio).
    I.
    Lit. (in gen. not till after the Aug. per.):

    regem repetitum saepius cuspide ad terram affixit,

    after he had repeatedly attacked him, Liv. 4, 19; cf.:

    mulam calcibus et canem morsu,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 27, 1:

    repetita per ilia ferrum,

    Ov. M. 4, 733; 6, 562.— Absol.:

    bis cavere, bis repetere,

    to attack twice, Quint. 5, 13, 54:

    signum erat omnium, Repete!

    strike again, Suet. Calig. 58:

    ad Nolam armis repetendam,

    Liv. 9, 28:

    repetitus toxico,

    id. Claud. 44. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To prosecute again:

    condicione propositā, ut, si quem quis repetere vellet, par periculum poenae subiret,

    Suet. Aug. 32; id. Dom. 8 and 9; Dig. 48, 2, 3; 48, 16, 10; 15.—
    2.
    To seek again; to go back to, return to, revisit a person or thing.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    fratresque virumque,

    Ov. H. 3, 143:

    Nearchum,

    Hor. C. 3, 20, 6:

    Penates, ab orā Hispanā,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 3:

    viam, quā venisset,

    to retrace, Liv. 35, 28; cf. id. 9, 2, 8:

    castra,

    id. 31, 21; Suet. Tib. 12:

    domum,

    Hor. C. 1, 15, 6; Ov. P. 4, 4, 41; id. M. 3, 204:

    patriam,

    id. H. 18, 123; Just. 32, 3, 7:

    Africam,

    Liv. 25. 27:

    locum,

    id. 3, 63:

    retro Apuliam,

    id. 22, 18; cf. id. 31, 45 fin.; 40, 58 fin.:

    rursus Bithyniam,

    Suet. Caes. 2:

    urbem atque ordinem senatorium,

    id. Vit. 1:

    paludes,

    Hor. C. 3, 27, 9:

    cavum,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 33:

    praesepia,

    Verg. E. 7, 39:

    urbem,

    id. A. 2, 749:

    Macedoniam,

    Nep. Eum. 6, 1:

    pugnam (shortly before, redire in pugnam),

    Liv. 37, 43:

    expeditionem,

    Suet. Claud. 1.—
    (β).
    With prep.:

    onerarias retro in Africam repetere,

    Liv. 25, 25 fin. Drak.:

    ad vada,

    Verg. Cul. 104:

    ad prima vestigia,

    Grat. Cyn. 245.—
    (γ).
    Absol.:

    quid enim repetiimus (sc. patriam)?

    Liv. 5, 51.—Freq. in medic. lang., to return, recur:

    morbi repetunt,

    Cels. 2, 1; 3, 22; 4, 4; 14 al. —
    II.
    Transf. (class.).
    A.
    To fetch, bring, or take back (cf. revoco).
    1.
    Lit.:

    filium istinc repetere,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 72:

    repudiatus repetor,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 14:

    Lysias est Atticus, quamquam Timaeus eum quasi Liciniā et Muciā lege repetit Syracusas,

    Cic. Brut. 16, 63:

    qui maxime me repetistis atque revocastis,

    id. Dom. 57, 144:

    navigo in Ephesum, ut aurum repetam ab Theotimo domum,

    Plaut. Bacch. 4, 6, 7:

    ad haec (impedimenta) repetenda,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 76:

    aliquid ab Urbe,

    Suet. Calig. 39; cf.:

    thoracem Magni Alexandri e conditorio ejus,

    id. ib. 52 fin.:

    partem reliquam copiarum continenti,

    id. Aug. 16:

    alii (elephanti) deinde repetiti ac trajecti sunt,

    others were then brought and passed over, Liv. 21, 28:

    ut alium repetat in eundem rogum,

    Sen. Oedip. 61. —
    2.
    Trop., in partic.
    a.
    To take hold of or undertake again; to enter upon again; to recommence, resume, renew, repeat an action, a speech, etc. (cf.:

    renovo, restauro): praetermissa repetimus, incohata persequimur,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 19, 51:

    longo intervallo haec studia repetentem,

    id. Fat. 2, 4; id. Att. 15, 11, 1:

    oratio carens hac virtute (sc. ordine) necesse est multa repetat, multa transeat,

    Quint. 7, prooem. §

    3: ad verbum repetita reddantur,

    id. 11, 2, 39 et saep.:

    eadem vetera consilia,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 6, 17:

    hoc primus repetas opus, hoc postremus omittas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 48:

    susurri Compositā repetantur horā,

    id. C. 1, 9, 20:

    relicta,

    id. Ep. 1, 7, 97:

    verba,

    Ov. H. 20, 9:

    audita,

    id. ib. 20, 193:

    repetitum Mulciber aevum Poscit,

    id. M. 9, 422:

    auspicia de integro,

    Liv. 5, 17:

    pugnam,

    id. 10, 36 acrius bellum, Just. 12, 2, 13:

    iter,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 747:

    sollemnia,

    Tac. A. 3, 6 fin.:

    spectacula ex antiquitate,

    to restore, Suet. Claud. 21; cf.:

    genera ignominiarum ex antiquitate,

    id. Tib. 19:

    legatum,

    Dig. 30, 1, 32:

    usum fructum,

    ib. 7, 4, 3.— With de:

    de mutatione litterarum nihil repetere hic necesse est,

    Quint. 1, 7, 13.— With object-clause:

    repetam necesse est, infinitas esse species,

    Quint. 6, 3, 101; 46: ut repetam coeptum pertexere dictis, Lucr. 1, 418; cf.:

    commemorare res,

    id. 6, 936.— Poet.: rĕpĕtītus, a, um, as an adv., repeatedly, anew, again:

    repetita suis percussit pectora palmis,

    Ov. M. 5, 473; 12, 287:

    robora caedit,

    id. ib. 8, 769:

    vellera mollibat longo tractu,

    by drawing out repeatedly, id. ib. 6, 20; cf.:

    haec decies repetita placebit,

    Hor. A. P. 365. —
    b.
    In discourse, to draw, deduce, derive from anywhere; to go back to, begin from anywhere (cf. deduco):

    populum a stirpe,

    Cic. Rep. 3, 12, 21:

    repetere populi originem,

    id. ib. 2, 1, 3:

    ipsius juris ortum a fonte... stirpem juris a naturā,

    id. Leg. 1, 6, 20:

    usque a Corace nescio quo et Tisiā,

    id. de Or. 1, 20, 91; 2, 2, 6:

    ab ultimā antiquitate,

    id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:

    brevis erit narratio, si non ab ultimo repetetur,

    id. Inv. 1, 20, 28; Quint. 5, 10, 83:

    aliquid a Platonis auctoritate,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 12, 34:

    ingressio non ex oratoriis disputationibus ducta sed e mediā philosophiā repetita,

    id. Or. 3, 11:

    res remotas ex litterarum monumentis,

    id. Inv. 1, 1, 1: initia amicitiae ex parentibus nostris, Bithyn. ap. Cic. Fam. 6, 16 init.:

    verba ex ultimis tenebris, ex vetustate,

    Quint. 8, 3, 25; 11, 1, 49; 1, 4, 4:

    alte vero et, ut oportet, a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18:

    tam longa et tam alte repetita oratio,

    id. de Or. 3, 24, 91; id. Rep. 4, 4, 4:

    repetam paulo altius, etc.,

    id. Clu. 24, 66:

    altius omnem Expediam primā repetens ab origine famam,

    Verg. G. 4, 286; so,

    altius,

    Quint. 5, 7, 27; 6, 2, 2; 11, 1, 62; Suet. Ner. 2:

    transilire ante pedes posita et alia longe repetita sumere,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 40, 160; so,

    longe,

    id. Fam. 13, 29, 2; id. Div. 2, 58, 119:

    longius,

    id. Inv. 1, 49, 91; Quint. 5, 7, 17; 5, 11, 23:

    repetitis atque enumeratis diebus,

    reckoned backwards, Caes. B. C. 3, 105; so,

    repetitis diebus ex die vulneris,

    Dig. 9, 2, 51, § 2:

    repetitā die,

    ib. 10, 4, 9, § 6; 39, 2, 15, § 31; 43, 19, 1, § 10; 22, 4, 3.—
    c.
    Repetere aliquid memoriā, memoriam rei, or (rarely without memoriā) aliquid, to call up again in the mind; to call to mind, recall, recollect (cf.:

    revoco, recordor): cogitanti mihi saepenumero et memoriā vetera repetenti,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 1, 1; id. Fam. 11, 27, 2; id. Rep. 1, 8, 13; Verg. A. 1, 372:

    repete memoriā tecum, quando, etc.,

    Sen. Brev. Vit. 3, 3; cf. with object-clause: memoriā repeto, diem esse hodiernum, quo, etc., Scipio Afric. ap. Gell. 4, 18, 3; Quint. 1, 6, 10:

    repete temporis illius memoriam,

    Cic. Deiot. 7, 20; id. Verr. 2, 4, 47, § 105:

    memoriam ex annalibus,

    Liv. 8, 18:

    veteris cujusdam memoriae recordationem,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 2, 4.—Without memoriā:

    reminisci quom ea, quae tenuit mens ac memoria, cogitando repetuntur,

    Varr. L. L. 6, § 44 Müll.:

    si omnium mearum praecepta litterarum repetes, intelleges, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 2, 2, § 7:

    supra repetere et paucis instituta majorum disserere,

    Sall. C. 5, 9:

    unde tuos primum repetam, mea Cynthia, fastus,

    Prop. 1, 18, 5:

    cum repeto noctem, quā, etc.,

    Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 3:

    te animo repetentem exempla tuorum,

    Verg. A. 12, 439.— With object-clause:

    repeto, me correptum ab eo, cur ambularem,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 16; 7, 6, 7; 13; Suet. Gram. 4:

    multum ante repetito, concordem sibi conjugem, etc.,

    Tac. A. 3, 33.— Absol.:

    inde usque repetens, hoc video,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

    genitor mihi talia (namque Nunc repeto) Anchises fatorum arcana reliquit,

    Verg. A. 7, 123; 3, 184.—
    B.
    To ask, demand, or take again or back; to demand or claim what is due (syn. reposco).
    1.
    In gen.
    a.
    Lit.:

    si quis mutuom quid dederit, fit pro proprio perditum, quom repetas,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 45; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 7:

    suom,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 63:

    neque repeto pro illā quidquam abs te pretii,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 11:

    bona sua,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 13, § 32:

    abs te sestertium miliens ex lege,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 5, 19:

    ereptas pecunias,

    id. ib. 5, 18; cf.:

    quae erepta sunt,

    id. Sull. 32, 89:

    mea promissa,

    id. Planc. 42, 101:

    obsides,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31:

    urbes bello superatas in antiquum jus,

    Liv. 35, 16, 6:

    Homerum Colophonii civem esse dicunt suum, Chii suum vindicant, Salaminii repetunt,

    Cic. Arch. 8, 19:

    Cicero Gallum a Verticone repetit, qui litteras ad Caesarem referat,

    applied again for, Caes. B. G. 5, 49:

    si forte suas repetitum venerit plumas,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 3, 18:

    nec repetita sequi curet Proserpina matrem,

    Verg. G. 1, 39:

    Politorium rursus bello,

    to retake, Liv. 1, 33, 3.—
    b.
    Trop.: qui repetit eam, quam ego patri suo quondam spoponderim, dignitatem, Cic. Fl. 42, 106; cf.:

    pro eo (beneficio) gratiam repetere,

    Liv. 1, 47:

    civitatem in libertatem,

    id. 34, 22, 11:

    parentum poenas a consceleratissimis filiis,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 24, 67:

    ab isto eas poenas vi repetisse, aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 63, § 163:

    ut ne mors quidem sit in repetendā libertate fugiendā,

    in the effort to recover, id. Phil. 10, 10, 20:

    libertatem per occasionem,

    Liv. 3, 49; cf.:

    dies ille libertatis improspere repetitae,

    Tac. A. 1, 8:

    beneficia ab aliquo,

    Sall. J. 96, 2:

    honores quasi debitos ab aliquo,

    id. ib. 85, 37:

    repete a me rempublicam,

    take back from me, Suet. Caes. 78: repetitumque, duobus uti mandaretur consulum nomen imperiumque, it was demanded again, that, etc., Liv. 3, 33: se repetere, to recover one ' s self, Sen. Ep. 104, 6.—
    2.
    In partic., publicists' and jurid. t. t.
    a.
    Of the fetiales: repetere res, to demand back from the enemy things which they had taken as booty; hence, in gen., to demand satisfaction:

    (fetiales) mittebantur antequam conciperetur (bellum), qui res repeterent,

    Varr. L. L. 5, § 86 Müll.; Liv. 1, 32; 4, 30; 7, 6; 32; Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36:

    jure gentium res repeto,

    Sall. H. 3, 61, 17 Dietsch:

    amissa bello repetere,

    Just. 6, 6, 7; cf. clarigatio and clarigo. —
    b.
    In jurid. lang.: res repetere, to demand back or reclaim one ' s property before a court:

    in iis rebus repetendis, quae mancipi sunt,

    Cic. Mur. 2, 3.— Hence, transf., in gen., to seek to obtain, to reclaim: non ex jure manum consertum, sed magi' ferro Rem repetunt, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 277 Vahl.).—
    c.
    Pecuniae repetundae, or simply repetundae, money or other things extorted by a provincial governor, and that are to be restored (at a later period, referring to any bribed officer):

    L. Piso legem de pecuniis repetundis primus tulit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195; 2, 4, 25, § 56; id. Brut. 27, 106; id. Off. 2, 21, 75:

    quorum causā judicium de pecuniis repetundis est constitutum,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 4, 11:

    clames te lege pecuniarum repetundarum non teneri,

    id. Clu. 53, 148:

    pecuniarum repetundarum reus,

    Sall. C. 18, 3:

    oppugnatus in judicio pecuniarum repetundarum,

    id. ib. 49, 2:

    quā lege a senatore ratio repeti solet de pecuniis repetundis,

    Cic. Clu. 37, 104:

    accusare de pecuniis repetundis,

    id. Rab. Post. 4, 9; id. Clu. 41, 114:

    cum de pecuniis repetundis nomen cujuspiam deferatur,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 3, 10:

    de pecuniis repetundis ad recuperatores itum est,

    Tac. A. 1, 74 fin. —With ellipsis of pecuniis:

    repetundarum causae, crimen, lex,

    Quint. 4, 2, 85; 5, 7, 5; 4, 2, 15; Tac. A. 4, 19; 13, 43; 12, 22; 13, 33; id. H. 1, 77; 4, 45; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 3:

    repetundarum reus,

    Val. Max. 9, 12, 7:

    repetundarum argui,

    Tac. A. 3, 33:

    accusare,

    Suet. Dom. 8:

    postulari,

    Tac. A. 3, 66; Suet. Caes. 4:

    absolvi,

    Tac. A. 13, 30:

    convinci,

    Suet. Caes. 43:

    damnari,

    Tac. A. 3, 70; 14, 28:

    teneri,

    id. ib. 11, 7: Pilius de repetundis eum postulavit, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 2 (for which, §

    3, de pecuniis repetundis): neque absolutus neque damnatus Servilius de repetundis,

    id. ib. §

    3: damnatum repetundis consularem virum,

    Suet. Oth. 2 fin.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > repeto

  • 22 ἐλαύνω

    ἐλαύνω, Il.12.62, etc.: [dialect] Ion. [tense] impf. ἐλαύνεσκον ([etym.] ἀπ-) Hdt.7.119: [tense] fut. ἐλάσω [ᾰ], part.
    A

    ἐλάσοντας X.An.7.7.55

     codd., cf.D.H.2.36, ([etym.] ἐξ-) Hp.Loc.Hom.46, Nat.Mul.32 ( ἐλάσσω ([etym.] παρ- ) is f.l. in Il.23.427, and ξυνελάσσομεν is subj. in Od.18.39);

    ἐλάω A.R.3.411

    ; [dialect] Att. ἐλῶ, ᾷς, ᾷ, inf. ἐλᾶν, also Hdt.1.207, etc., and so Hom. in the resolved form

    ἐλόω Il.13.315

    , Od.7.319: inf. ἐλάαν (though this is also inf. [tense] pres., v. infr.) Il.17.496, Od.5.290: [tense] aor. 1 ἤλᾰσα, [dialect] Ep.

    ἔλᾰσα Il.5.80

    ,

    ἔλασσα 18.564

    , [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.

    ἐλάσασκεν 2.199

    : [tense] pf. ἐλήλᾰκα ([etym.] ἀπ-, ἐξ-) X.Cyr.4.2.10, Ar.Nu. 828: [tense] plpf. ἐληλάκειν ([etym.] ἐξ-) Hdt.5.90:— [voice] Med. (v. infr. 1.2), [tense] fut. ἐλάσομαι ([etym.] παρ-) dub. l. in Arr.An.3.30.3: [tense] aor.

    ἠλασάμην Il.11.682

    , rare in [dialect] Att., as Pl.Grg. 484b; [ per.] 3sg.

    ἤλσατο Ibyc.55

    ; [dialect] Ep. ἐλάσαιο, -ασαίατο, -ασσάμενος, Od.20.51, Il.10.537, Od.4.637:—[voice] Pass., [tense] fut. ἐλασθήσομαι ([etym.] ἐξ-) D.H.4.9: [tense] aor. ἠλάθην [ᾰ] E.Heracl. 430, Ar.Ec.4; later

    ἠλάσθην AP7.278

     (Arch.), Sammelb. 997 (iv A.D.), ([etym.] ἐξ-, συν-) Plb.8.24.9, 18.22.6, etc. (in Hdt. the Mss. vary between the two forms,

    ἐξελαθείς 7.165

    ,

    ἀπηλάσθησαν 3.54

    ): [tense] pf.

    ἐλήλαμαι Od.7.113

    , Hdt.7.84 ([etym.] ἐξ-), etc.;

    ἐλήλασμαι Hp.Mul. 2.133

    , Aen.Tact.31.4 (prob.), ([etym.] ἐξ-) Plb.6.22.4, ([etym.] συν-) A.D.Conj.233.30: [tense] plpf.

    ἠλήλατο Il.5.400

    ; poet. also

    ἐλήλατο 4.135

    ; [ per.] 3pl.

    ἠλήλαντο Hes.Sc. 143

    , also ἐληλέδατ', ἐληλέατ', ἐληλάδατ' vv.ll. in Od.7.86.— The [tense] pres. [full] ἐλάω is rare and mainly Poet., imper.

    ἔλα Pi.I.5(4).38

    , A.Fr. 332, E.HF 819, Fr.779.1 (also non-thematic [ per.] 3pl.

    ἐλάντω SIG1025.8

     ([place name] Cos)): inf.

    ἐλᾶν Canthar.4

    , X.HG2.4.32: inf. ἐλάαν as [dialect] Ep.inf.[tense] pres. is freq. in Hom. (v. infr.1.2): part.

    ἐλάουσα Emp.4.5

    : [tense] impf. [ per.] 3pl.

    ἔλων Od.4.2

    , [ per.] 3sg.

    ἔλαεν A.R.3.872

    ;

    ἀπ-έλα X.Cyr.8.3.32

    ; but ἀπ-ήλαον in Ar.Lys. 1001 is prob. an error for - ήλα'αν, [dialect] Dor. for - ήλασαν:—radic. sense, drive, set in motion, of driving flocks,

    εἰς εὐρὺ σπέος ἤλασε μῆλα Od.9.237

    ;

    κακοὺς δ' ἐς μέσσον ἔλασσεν Il.4.299

    ; [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ἠλασάμην in act. sense, 10.537, 11.682: freq. of horses, chariots, ships, drive, ἐλάαν (inf. [tense] pres.)

    ἅρμα καὶ ἵππους 23.334

    ;

    ἐς τὴν ἀγορὴν τὸ ζεῦγος Hdt. 1.59

    ; ἐ. ἵππον ride it, Id.4.64, al.; κέλητας καὶ ἅρματα ἐ. ride and drive, Id.7.86; ἐ. νῆα row it, Od.12.109, etc.; στρατὸν ἐ. Pi.O.10(11).66, Hdt. 1.176, 4.91, etc.
    b with acc. omitted, intr., go in a chariot, drive, μάστιξεν δ' ἐλάαν (sc. ἵππους ) he whipped them on, Il.5.366, al., cf. S.El. 734, 739; βῆ δ' ἐλάαν ἐπὶ κύματα he drove on over the waves, Il. 13.27; διὰ νύκτα ἐλάαν travel the night through, Od.15.50; ἐς τὸ ἄστυ ἐ. drive into the city, Hdt.1.60; ἐπὶ ζευγέων ἐ. ib. 199; ride, Id.7.88, X.Eq.Mag.3.9, etc.; ἐλῶν ἐς Θρηΐκην marching.., Hdt.9.89, etc.; row,

    μάλα σφοδρῶς ἐλάαν Od.12.124

    ; ἐλαύνοντες rowers, 13.22, etc.
    c in this intr. sense, it sts. took an acc. loci, γαλήνην ἐλαύνειν to sail the calm sea, i.e. over it, 7.319; so τὰ ἕσπερα νῶτ' ἐ. E.El. 731 (lyr.); also ἐλαύνειν δρόμον run a course, Ar.Nu.28;

    ὁδόν D.P. 586

    .
    2 drive away, carry off, in Hom. of stolen cattle or horses,

    βοῶν ἀρίστας Od.12.353

    ;

    ἵππους Il.5.236

    ;

    ἐ. ὅ τι δύναιντο X.HG4.8.18

    :—[voice] Med., Od.4.637, 20.51;

    ῥύσι' ἐλαυνόμενος Il.11.674

    , etc.
    3 drive away, expel,

    ἐ. [τινὰ] ἐκ δήμου 6.158

    ;

    ἄνδρας ἀπ' Οἰνώνας Pi.N.5.16

    : freq. in Trag.,

    ἐ. τινὰ γῆς E.Med.70

    ; μύσος, μίασμα ἐ., A.Ch. 967 codd., Eu. 283 ([voice] Pass.), cf. S.OT98; ἄγος ἐ.,= ἀγηλατέω, Th.1.126;

    ἐ. λῃστάς Ar.Ach. 1188

    , etc.:—[voice] Pass.,

    γῆν πρὸ γῆς ἐλαύνομαι A.Pr. 682

    .
    4 drive (to extremities), persecute, plague, οἵ μιν ἄδην ἐλόωσι.. πολέμοιο who will harass him till he has had enough of war, Il.13.315; ἔτι μέν μίν φημι ἄδην λάαν κακότητος I think I shall persecute him till he has had enough, Od.5.290;

    θεὸς ἐλαύνει πόλιν S.OT28

    ;

    Ἰωνίαν ἤλασεν βίᾳ A.Pers. 771

    ;

    μή τι δαιμόνιον τὰ πράγματα ἐλαύνῃ D.9.54

    ;

    σὺ δ' ἀπειλεῖς πᾶσιν, ἐλαύνεις πάντας Id.21.135

    , cf. 173:—[voice] Pass.,

    ἐλαυνομένων καὶ ὑβριζομένων Id.18.48

    ;

    λύπῃ πᾶς ἐλήλαται κακῇ S.Aj. 275

    ;

    κακοῖς πρός τινος E.Andr.31

    ;

    ὑπ' ἀνάγκης καὶ οἴστρου Pl.Phdr. 240d

    ;

    τὴν ψυχὴν ἐρωτικῇ μανίᾳ Ael.NA14.18

    ; ἐλαύνεσθαι τὴν γνώμην to be out of one's mind, Philostr.VS2.27.5.
    5 = βινέω, Ar.Ec.39, Pl. Com.3.4.
    6 intr. in expressions like ἐς τοσοῦτον ἤλασαν they drove it so far (where πρᾶγμα must be supplied), Hdt.5.50;

    ἐς πᾶσαν κακότητα Id.2.124

    ; εἰς κόρον ἐλαύνειν push matters till disgust ensued, Tyrt.11.10; εἰς ἴσον (sc. τισί) Onos.Praef.4: hence, push on, go on,

    ἐγγὺς μανιῶν E.Heracl. 904

     (lyr.); ἔξω τοῦ φρονεῖν Id.*ba. 853; πόρρω ἐ. σοφίας go far in.., Pl.Euthphr.4b, cf. Grg. 486a, X.Cyr.1.6.39.
    2 strike with a weapon, but never with a missile,

    τὸν σκήπτρῳ ἐλάσασκεν Il.2.199

    ;

    ξίφει ἤλασε κόρσην 5.584

    ;

    κόρυθος φάλον ἤλασεν 13.614

    ; ὀδόντας ἐ. knock out, A.R.2.785: c. dupl. acc., τὸν μὲν.. μεταδρομάδην ἔλασ' ὦμον him he struck on.., Il. 5.80; χθόνα δ' ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ struck earth with his forehead, of a falling man, Od.22.94: c. acc. cogn., inflict a wound,

    οὐλὴν τήν ποτέ με σῦς ἤλασε 21.219

    :—[voice] Pass., c. acc.

    νῶτον ὄπισθ' αἰχμῇ δουρὸς ἐληλαμένος Tyrt.11.20

    ;

    ἐλαύνεται εἰς τὸν μηρόν Luc.Tox.61

    .
    3 strike one thing against another,

    πρὸς γῆν ἐ. κάρη Od.17.237

    ; of weapons, drive through,

    διαπρὸ χαλκὸν ἔλασσε 22.295

    ; [

    δόρυ] διὰ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσε Il.5.57

    , cf. 20.269;

    ἤλασε Λυγκέος ἐν πλευραῖσι χαλκόν Pi.N.10.70

    :—[voice] Pass., go through, Il.4.135, 13.595; to be fixed in,

    ὀϊστὸς ὤμῳ ἐνὶ στιβαρῷ ἠλήλατο 5.400

    ;

    διὰ [σφονδύλου] διαμπερὲς ἐληλάσθαι Pl.R. 616e

    .
    III metaph.,
    1 beat out metal, forge,

    ἀσπίδα.. ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν Il.12.296

    ; πέντε πτύχας ἤλασε beat out five plates, 20.270; περὶ δ' ἕρκος ἔλασσε κασσιτέρου make a fence of beaten tin (with a play on signf. 2), 18.564; εὐνὴ Ἡφαίστου χερσὶν ἐληλαμένη χρυσοῦ a bed of beaten gold, Mimn.12.6; σίδηρος λεπτῶς ἐληλ. Plu.Cam.41.
    2 draw a line of wall, trench, etc.,

    ἀμφὶ δὲ τάφρον ἤλασαν Il.7.450

    ;

    ἀμφὶ δὲ τεῖχος ἔλασσε πόλει Od.6.9

    ;

    σταυροὺς δ' ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε 14.11

    ;

    τοῖχοι ἐληλέατ' 7.86

    ; τεῖχος τοὺς ἀγκῶνας ἐς τὸν ποταμὸν ἐλήλαται the wall has its angles carried down to the river, Hdt.1.180, cf. 185, 191; ἐληλαμέναι πέρι πύργον having a wall built round, A.Pers. 872 (lyr.); ὄγμον ἐλαύνειν work one's way down a ridge or swathe in reaping or mowing, Il.11.68;

    ἐ. αὔλακα Hes. Op. 443

    ; ἀμπελίδος ὄρχον ἐ. to draw a line of vines, i.e. plant them in line, Ar.Ach. 995: generally, plant, produce,

    ἐλᾷ τέσσαρας ἀρετὰς αἰών Pi.N.3.74

    .
    3 κολῳὸν ἐλαύνειν prolong, keep up the brawl, Il. 1.575.
    4

    ἐξ ὄσσων ἐς γαῖαν ἐ. δάκρυ E.Supp.96

    .

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐλαύνω

  • 23 wyprężać

    impf ⇒ wyprężyć
    * * *
    (-am, -asz); perf -yć; vt
    ( grzbiet) to arch; ( ramiona) to stiffen
    * * *
    ipf.
    (mięśnie, grzbiet) flex.
    ipf.
    1. (= napinać mięśnie) flex one's muscles.
    2. (= naciągnąć się) ( o linie) tighten.
    3. (= wyprostować się) draw o.s. up.

    The New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > wyprężać

  • 24 formar

    v.
    1 to form.
    Sus manos formaron bolitas Her hands formed little balls.
    formar una bola con algo to make something into a ball
    formar un equipo to make up a team
    formar una asociación cultural to set up a cultural organization
    formar parte de to form o be part of
    forma parte del equipo she's a member of the team
    2 to train, to educate.
    Los maestros forman a los alumnos The teachers educated the students.
    3 to form up (military).
    4 to fall in (military).
    ¡a formar! fall in!
    5 to instruct, to shape.
    El entrenador formó a los jugadores The coach instructed the players.
    * * *
    1 (gen) to form
    2 (integrar, constituir) to form, constitute
    3 (educar) to bring up
    4 (enseñar) to educate
    1 MILITAR (colocarse) to form up
    1 (desarrollarse) to grow, develop
    2 (educarse) to be educated, be trained
    \
    ¡a formar! MILITAR fall in!
    * * *
    verb
    2) educate, train
    •
    * * *
    1. VT
    1) [+ figura] to form, make
    2) (=crear) [+ organización, partido, alianza] to form

    ¿cómo se forma el subjuntivo? — how do you form the subjunctive?

    3) (=constituir) to make up

    los chiitas forman el 60% de la población — the Shiites make up o form 60% of the population

    • estar formado por — to be made up of

    • formar parte de — to be part of

    el edificio forma parte del recinto de la catedral — the building is o forms part of the cathedral precinct

    4) (=enseñar) [+ personal, monitor, técnico] to train; [+ alumno] to educate
    5) [+ juicio, opinión] to form
    6) (Mil) to order to fall in

    el sargento formó a los reclutas — the sergeant had the recruits fall in, the sergeant ordered the recruits to fall in

    2. VI
    1) (Mil) to fall in

    ¡a formar! — fall in!

    2) (Dep) to line up

    los equipos formaron así:... — the teams lined up as follows:...

    3.
    See:
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) personas <círculo/figura> to make, form; <asociación/gobierno> to form, set up; barricada to set up

    formen parejas — ( en clase) get into pairs o twos; ( en baile) take your partners

    b) (Ling) to form
    c) (Mil) < tropas> to have... fall in
    2) ( componer) to make up

    formar parte de algo — to be part of something, to belong to something

    está formada por tres provincias — it is made up of o it comprises three provinces

    forman un ángulo recto — they form o make a right angle

    3) <carácter/espíritu> to form, shape
    4) ( educar) to bring up; ( para trabajo) to train
    2.
    formar vi (Mil) to fall in
    3.
    formarse v pron
    1)
    a) (hacerse, crearse) to form

    se formó una cola — a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed

    b) ( desarrollarse) niño/huesos to develop
    c) <idea/opinión> to form
    2) ( educarse) to be educated
    * * *
    = fall into, form, make up, train, coach, make, populate, pull together, groom.
    Ex. Certain words may fall into a short list of 35 common words such as analysis, which do not give rise to inversion within the cross-reference.
    Ex. Formed in 1969, the first operational system was implemented in 1972-3.
    Ex. Each volume is make up of several issues which appear in the next lower level.
    Ex. The larger abstracting organisations train their own abstractors.
    Ex. The rapidly changing environment is forcing many librarians to seek new strategies for coaching researchers through the maze of electronic information sources = Los continuos cambios de nuestro entorno están obligando a muchos bibliotecarios a encontrar nuevas estrategias para guiar a los investigadores por el laberinto de las fuentes de información electrónicas.
    Ex. This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..
    Ex. One way librarians can add value is by carefully selecting, evaluating, and describing the resources that populate their Internet collections.
    Ex. This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.
    Ex. Iran is trying to form an unholy alliance with al-Qaeda by grooming a new generation of leaders to take over from Osama bin Laden.
    ----
    * a medio formar = half-formed.
    * entrar a formar parte de = enter in.
    * formado por británicos = British-trained.
    * formar el núcleo = form + the nucleus.
    * formar en su conjunto = weave + to form.
    * formar fila = line up.
    * formar la base = form + the foundation.
    * formar la base de = form + the basis of.
    * formar parejas = pair up, pair off.
    * formar parte = form + part.
    * formar parte de = be part of, build into, enter into, become + (a) part of, be a part of, inhere in, become + one with, inform, fall under.
    * formar parte del paisaje = blend into + the landscape.
    * formar parte de un comité = serve on + committee.
    * formar parte integral = form + an integral part.
    * formar parte integral de = be part and parcel of, be an integral part of.
    * formar parte natural de su entorno = blend into + the landscape.
    * formar personal = produce + personnel.
    * formar remolinos = swirl.
    * formarse = shape up.
    * formarse una opinión = form + impression.
    * formar una cola = form + queue.
    * formar una colección = build + collection.
    * formar un comité = set up + committee.
    * formar un consorcio = form + consortium.
    * formar un grupo = set up + group.
    * formar un grupo de presión = form + lobby.
    * formar un piquete frente a = picket.
    * integrar formando un todo = articulate.
    * llamamiento para formar parte de un jurado = jury duty.
    * piedra + charca + formar + ondas = stone + pond + cast + ripples.
    * que forma parte de la cultura = culturally-embedded.
    * que forma parte en = involved in.
    * seda formando aguas = watered silk.
    * volver a formarse = reform.
    * * *
    1.
    verbo transitivo
    1)
    a) personas <círculo/figura> to make, form; <asociación/gobierno> to form, set up; barricada to set up

    formen parejas — ( en clase) get into pairs o twos; ( en baile) take your partners

    b) (Ling) to form
    c) (Mil) < tropas> to have... fall in
    2) ( componer) to make up

    formar parte de algo — to be part of something, to belong to something

    está formada por tres provincias — it is made up of o it comprises three provinces

    forman un ángulo recto — they form o make a right angle

    3) <carácter/espíritu> to form, shape
    4) ( educar) to bring up; ( para trabajo) to train
    2.
    formar vi (Mil) to fall in
    3.
    formarse v pron
    1)
    a) (hacerse, crearse) to form

    se formó una cola — a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed

    b) ( desarrollarse) niño/huesos to develop
    c) <idea/opinión> to form
    2) ( educarse) to be educated
    * * *
    = fall into, form, make up, train, coach, make, populate, pull together, groom.

    Ex: Certain words may fall into a short list of 35 common words such as analysis, which do not give rise to inversion within the cross-reference.

    Ex: Formed in 1969, the first operational system was implemented in 1972-3.
    Ex: Each volume is make up of several issues which appear in the next lower level.
    Ex: The larger abstracting organisations train their own abstractors.
    Ex: The rapidly changing environment is forcing many librarians to seek new strategies for coaching researchers through the maze of electronic information sources = Los continuos cambios de nuestro entorno están obligando a muchos bibliotecarios a encontrar nuevas estrategias para guiar a los investigadores por el laberinto de las fuentes de información electrónicas.
    Ex: This concept comes mainly from the military, where a designated number of troops make a squad, a platoon, a regiment, etc..
    Ex: One way librarians can add value is by carefully selecting, evaluating, and describing the resources that populate their Internet collections.
    Ex: This library decided to launch an attack on illiteracy by pulling together a variety of approaches to learning to read.
    Ex: Iran is trying to form an unholy alliance with al-Qaeda by grooming a new generation of leaders to take over from Osama bin Laden.
    * a medio formar = half-formed.
    * entrar a formar parte de = enter in.
    * formado por británicos = British-trained.
    * formar el núcleo = form + the nucleus.
    * formar en su conjunto = weave + to form.
    * formar fila = line up.
    * formar la base = form + the foundation.
    * formar la base de = form + the basis of.
    * formar parejas = pair up, pair off.
    * formar parte = form + part.
    * formar parte de = be part of, build into, enter into, become + (a) part of, be a part of, inhere in, become + one with, inform, fall under.
    * formar parte del paisaje = blend into + the landscape.
    * formar parte de un comité = serve on + committee.
    * formar parte integral = form + an integral part.
    * formar parte integral de = be part and parcel of, be an integral part of.
    * formar parte natural de su entorno = blend into + the landscape.
    * formar personal = produce + personnel.
    * formar remolinos = swirl.
    * formarse = shape up.
    * formarse una opinión = form + impression.
    * formar una cola = form + queue.
    * formar una colección = build + collection.
    * formar un comité = set up + committee.
    * formar un consorcio = form + consortium.
    * formar un grupo = set up + group.
    * formar un grupo de presión = form + lobby.
    * formar un piquete frente a = picket.
    * integrar formando un todo = articulate.
    * llamamiento para formar parte de un jurado = jury duty.
    * piedra + charca + formar + ondas = stone + pond + cast + ripples.
    * que forma parte de la cultura = culturally-embedded.
    * que forma parte en = involved in.
    * seda formando aguas = watered silk.
    * volver a formarse = reform.

    * * *
    formar [A1 ]
    vt
    A
    1 «personas» ‹círculo/figura› to make, form; ‹asociación› to form, set up
    formen fila a la entrada, por favor form a line o ( BrE) queue at the entrance, please
    los estudiantes formaron barricadas the students set up barricades
    formar parejas (en una clase) get into pairs o twos; (en un baile) take your partners
    formar gobierno to form a government
    el partido se formó a principios de siglo the party came into being o was formed at the turn of the century
    se formaron varios comandos terroristas en la zona several terrorist cells were established in the area
    2 ( Ling) to form
    palabras que forman el plural añadiendo una `s' words which form the plural by adding an `s'
    3 ( Mil) ‹tropas› to have … fall in, order … to fall in
    B (componer) to make up
    está formada por tres provincias it is made up of o it comprises three provinces
    al juntarse forman un ángulo recto they form o make a right angle where they meet
    las distintas partes forman un todo indivisible the separate elements make up o form an indivisible whole
    el jurado está formado por nueve personas the jury is made up of nine people
    C ‹carácter/espíritu› to form, shape
    ■ formar
    vi
    to fall in
    batallón: ¡a formar! squad, fall in!
    A
    1 (hacerse, crearse) to form
    se ha formado hielo en las carreteras ice has formed on the roads
    se formó una cola de varios kilómetros a tailback several kilometers long built up
    2 (desarrollarse) «niño/huesos» to develop
    3 (forjarse) to form
    formarse una idea/opinión to form an idea/opinion
    creo que se ha formado una impresión errónea I think he has got the wrong impression
    B (educarse) to be educated
    * * *

     

    formar ( conjugate formar) verbo transitivo
    1
    a) ( crear) ‹círculo/figura› to make, form;

    ‹asociación/gobierno› to form, set up;
    ‹ barricada› to set up;
    ◊ ¡formen parejas! ( en clase) get into pairs o twos!;


    ( en baile) take your partners!
    b) (Ling) to form

    c) (Mil) ‹ tropas› to have … fall in

    2 ( componer) to make up;

    formar parte de algo to be part of sth, to belong to sth
    3 ‹carácter/espíritu› to form, shape
    4 ( educar) to bring up;
    ( para trabajo) to train
    verbo intransitivo (Mil) to fall in
    formarse verbo pronominal
    1
    a) (hacerse, crearse) [grupo/organismo] to form;

    ◊ se formó una cola a line (AmE) o (BrE) queue formed

    b) ( desarrollarse) [niño/huesos] to develop

    c) ‹idea/opinión› to form

    2 ( educarse) to be educated;
    ( para trabajo) to be trained
    formar verbo transitivo
    1 to form
    2 (criar) to bring up
    (instruir) to educate, train
    ' formar' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    adherirse
    - agruparse
    - componer
    - constituir
    - correligionaria
    - correligionario
    - integrar
    - piña
    - sindicar
    - a
    - abultar
    - agrupar
    - capacitar
    - emparejar
    - hogar
    - pareja
    - parte
    - pertenecer
    - sindicalizarse
    English:
    coalition
    - come under
    - do
    - form
    - marshal
    - more
    - most
    - pair up
    - preclude
    - shall
    - shape
    - should
    - split off
    - to
    - train
    - will
    - arch
    - co-opt
    - draw
    - eddy
    - fall
    - make
    - mold
    - muster
    - pair
    - parade
    - picket
    - put
    - ring
    * * *
    ♦ vt
    1. [hacer] to form;
    formar una bola con algo to make sth into a ball;
    formar un equipo to make up a team;
    formar gobierno to form a government;
    formó una asociación cultural he set up a cultural organization;
    los manifestantes formaron una cadena the demonstrators formed a human chain;
    formar parte de to form o be part of;
    forma parte del equipo del colegio she's a member of the school team
    2. [educar] to train, to educate
    3. Mil to form up
    ♦ vi
    Mil to fall in;
    ¡a formar! fall in!
    * * *
    v/t
    1 form; asociación form, set up
    2 ( educar) educate
    * * *
    formar vt
    1) : to form, to make
    2) constituir: to constitute, to make up
    3) : to train, to educate
    * * *
    formar vb
    1. (crear) to form / to make
    2. (educar hijos) to bring up [pt. & pp. brought]
    3. (educar alumnos) to educate / to train

    Spanish-English dictionary > formar

  • 25 bander

    bander [bɑ̃de]
    ➭ TABLE 1
    1. transitive verb
       a. [+ genou, plaie] to bandage
       b. [+ arc] to bend ; [+ muscles] to tense
    2. intransitive verb
    (vulg!) to have a hard-on (vulg!)
    * * *
    bɑ̃de
    1) ( panser) to bandage
    3) ( tendre) to bend [arc]; to stretch [ressort]; to tense [muscles]
    * * *
    bɑ̃de
    1. vt
    1) [blessé, membre] to bandage

    L'infirmière lui a bandé la jambe. — The nurse bandaged his leg.

    2)
    3) [muscle] to tense
    4) [arc] to bend
    2. vi
    * * *
    bander verb table: aimer
    A vtr
    1 ( panser) to bandage;
    2 ( avec un bandeau) bander les yeux à qn to blindfold sb; avoir les yeux bandés to be blindfolded;
    3 ( tendre) to bend [tige souple, arc]; to stretch [ressort]; bander ses muscles to tense one's muscles.
    B ●vi to have a hard-on●.
    [bɑ̃de] verbe transitif
    1. [panser - main, cheville] to bandage (up)
    b. [avec un bandeau] to be blindfolded
    2. [tendre - arc] to draw, to bend ; [ - ressort, câble] to stretch, to tense
    bander ses forces to gather up ou to muster one's strength
    ————————
    [bɑ̃de] verbe intransitif
    to have a hard-on (très familier)
    [sens affaibli]

    Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > bander

  • 26 impostare

    v/t lavoro plan
    problema set out
    lettera post, AE mail
    * * *
    impostare1 v.tr.
    1 (gettare la base di un edificio, di una struttura) to build*, to set* up, to lay* down: impostare un edificio, un arco, un ponte, to lay down a building, an arch, a bridge // (tip.) impostare le pagine, to impose (o to lay out) the pages // (mar.) impostare una nave, to lay down a ship
    2 (estens.) to set* out, to lay* out, to formulate; (avviare) to start, to set* up: impostare un piano di ricerca, to set up a research project; impostare un'azienda, un ufficio, to set up a business, an office; il suo ragionamento era impostato su ipotesi, non fatti, his idea was based on (o founded on) hypotheses, not facts; il suo avvocato ha impostato molto bene la linea di difesa, his lawyer had formulated the line of defence very well; impostare un problema, to state (o to formulate) a problem // impostare un piano di lavoro, to lay out a working schedule // (amm.) impostare un bilancio, to draw up a balance; impostare un bilancio di previsione, to budget; impostare una spesa in bilancio, to enter an expense in the budget
    3 (mus.) to pitch: impostare la voce, to pitch the voice.
    ◘ impostarsi v.rifl. (prendere una posizione) to adopt a position, to take* up a position.
    impostare2 v.tr. to post; (amer.) to mail: impostare una lettera, to post (o to mail) a letter.
    * * *
    I [impos'tare] vt
    1) (servizio, organizzazione) to set up, (lavoro) to organize, plan, (resoconto, rapporto) to plan, (questione, problema) to formulate, set out, (Tip : pagina) to lay out, make up
    2) Mus
    II [impos'tare] vt
    (lettera) to post Brit, mail Am
    * * *
    I [impos'tare]
    verbo transitivo
    1) to tackle [ problema]; to plan [ lavoro]; to formulate [soggetto, questione]
    2) to structure [ discorso]; to outline [ tema]
    3) (abbozzare) to lay* out, to set* up [programma, progetto]
    4) tip. to impose
    5) mus. to pitch [ voce]
    6) fig. (basare) to build*, to found
    II [impos'tare]
    verbo transitivo (imbucare) to mail, to post BE [ lettera]
    * * *
    impostare1
    /impos'tare/ [1]
     1 to tackle [ problema]; to plan [ lavoro]; to formulate [soggetto, questione]
     2 to structure [ discorso]; to outline [ tema]
     3 (abbozzare) to lay* out, to set* up [programma, progetto]
     4 tip. to impose
     5 mus. to pitch [ voce]
     6 fig. (basare) to build*, to found.
    ————————
    impostare2
    /impos'tare/ [1]
    (imbucare) to mail, to post BE [ lettera].

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > impostare

  • 27 perpendicolare

    upright
    * * *
    f noun adj perpendicular
    * * *
    perpendicolare agg. e s.f. perpendicular: retta perpendicolare, perpendicular line; via Trieste è una perpendicolare di via Manzoni, via Trieste is set at right angles to via Manzoni; (arch.) lunghezza tra le perpendicolari, length between perpendiculars; abbassare una perpendicolare, to drop (o to draw) a perpendicular.
    * * *
    [perpendiko'lare]
    1. agg
    2. sf
    Mat perpendicular (line)
    * * *
    [perpendiko'lare] 1.
    aggettivo [ retta] perpendicular

    perpendicolare a — [ strada] at right angles to [ corso]

    2.
    sostantivo femminile perpendicular
    * * *
    perpendicolare
    /perpendiko'lare/
     [ retta] perpendicular; perpendicolare a [ strada] at right angles to [ corso]
    II sostantivo f.
     perpendicular.

    Dizionario Italiano-Inglese > perpendicolare

  • 28 cho’z

    v.t. to stretch, to extend, to draw out, to lengthen; to hand or give over. gapni cho’zma! Make it short! (cho’zdir, cho’zil, cho’ziltir, cho’zish)cho’zala dial.at full length (s. uzala).cho’zg’i arch.long vowel (in Arabic script)

    Uzbek-English dictionary > cho’z

  • 29 yovqur

    courageous, fearless, bold.yovshan bot.white wormwood.yovuq arch.close, near at hand.yovuqlash obs.to approach, to draw near

    Uzbek-English dictionary > yovqur

  • 30 Bogen

    Bo·gen <-s, - o (öster, schweiz, südd) Bögen> [ʼbo:gn̩, pl ʼbø:gn̩] m
    1) ( gekrümmte Linie) curve; eines großen Flusses a. sweep; math arc;
    in hohem \Bogen in a high arc;
    einen \Bogen fahren to execute a turn;
    einen \Bogen machen to curve [round]
    2) ( Blatt Papier) sheet [of paper]
    3) ( Schusswaffe) bow;
    Pfeil und \Bogen bow and arrow[s pl];
    ein Meister des \Bogens a master archer;
    den \Bogen spannen to draw the bow
    4) mus bow
    5) archit arch
    6) (Druck\Bogen) sheet; ( gedruckt) signature
    WENDUNGEN:
    in hohem \Bogen hinausfliegen ( fam) to be turned out ( fam)
    nach dem Skandal flog er im hohen \Bogen aus der Firma he was thrown out on his ear [or chucked out]; [or sent flying] after the scandal;
    jdn in hohem \Bogen hinauswerfen ( fam) to throw sb out on their ear ( fam)
    den \Bogen heraushaben ( fam) to have got the hang of it ( fam)
    einen [großen] \Bogen um jdn/etw machen to steer [well] clear of sb/sth;
    den \Bogen °überspannen to overstep the mark, to go too far

    Deutsch-Englisch Wörterbuch für Studenten > Bogen

  • 31 ab

    ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:

    AF VOBEIS,

    Inscr. Orell. 3114;

    AF MVRO,

    ib. 6601;

    AF CAPVA,

    ib. 3308;

    AF SOLO,

    ib. 589;

    AF LYCO,

    ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):

    abs chorago,

    Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):

    abs quivis,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:

    abs terra,

    Cato, R. R. 51;

    and in compounds: aps-cessero,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;

    and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,

    id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).
    I.
    In space, and,
    II.
    Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.
    I.
    Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):

    Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7:

    fuga ab urbe turpissima,

    Cic. Att. 7, 21:

    ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,

    Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:

    illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,

    all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:

    venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,

    Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.
    b.
    Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:

    oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:

    quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:

    ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:

    protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 2:

    profecti a domo,

    Liv. 40, 33, 2;

    of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:

    classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,

    Liv. 8, 22, 6;

    of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,

    Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:

    legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,

    id. 24, 40, 2.
    c.
    Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):

    Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:

    libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,

    Cic. Fl. 20, 47:

    Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,

    id. Att. 7, 24:

    cum a vobis discessero,

    id. Sen. 22:

    multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,

    Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:

    so a fratre,

    id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:

    a Pontio,

    Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:

    ab ea,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.
    B.
    Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.
    1.
    Of separation:

    ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:

    abesse a domo paulisper maluit,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:

    tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,

    Sall. C. 40, 5:

    absint lacerti ab stabulis,

    Verg. G. 4, 14.—
    2.
    Of distance:

    quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,

    Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:

    nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,

    id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:

    terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:

    non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):

    cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,

    Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:

    qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:

    quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,

    Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:

    procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:

    tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,

    Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;

    v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:

    tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,

    id. Pis. 11, 26; and:

    tam prope ab domo detineri,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:

    onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,

    eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:

    duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,

    id. 37, 38, 5). —
    3.
    To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:

    picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,

    Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:

    pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,

    on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:

    non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,

    at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:

    erat a septentrionibus collis,

    on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).
    II.
    Fig.
    A.
    In time.
    1.
    From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:

    Exul ab octava Marius bibit,

    Juv. 1,40:

    mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,

    immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:

    Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    ab hac contione legati missi sunt,

    immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:

    ab eo magistratu,

    after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:

    a summa spe novissima exspectabat,

    after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:

    ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,

    Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:

    confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,

    Liv. 30, 36, 1:

    statim a funere,

    Suet. Caes. 85;

    and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,

    id. ib. 60:

    protinus ab adoptione,

    Vell. 2, 104, 3:

    Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,

    soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—

    Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,

    i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:

    secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,

    i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.
    2.
    With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:

    ab hora tertia bibebatur,

    from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:

    infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,

    since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:

    vixit ab omni aeternitate,

    from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:

    cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,

    Nep. Att. 5, 3:

    in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,

    after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:

    centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,

    since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:

    cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,

    id. Sen. 6, 19; and:

    ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,

    since, Sall. C. 47, 2:

    diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:

    quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,

    since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:

    jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,

    from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:

    ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,

    Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:

    cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:

    a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,

    Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:

    pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,

    from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.
    b.
    Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:

    qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,

    from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:

    mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,

    a pueritia,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:

    jam inde ab adulescentia,

    Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:

    ab adulescentia,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 1:

    jam a prima adulescentia,

    id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:

    ab ineunte adulescentia,

    id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.

    followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:

    a primis temporibus aetatis,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:

    a teneris unguiculis,

    from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:

    usque a toga pura,

    id. Att. 7, 8, 5:

    jam inde ab incunabulis,

    Liv. 4, 36, 5:

    a prima lanugine,

    Suet. Oth. 12:

    viridi ab aevo,

    Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;

    rarely of animals: ab infantia,

    Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:

    qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,

    Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,

    a pausillo puero,

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:

    a puero,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:

    a pueris,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:

    ab adulescente,

    id. Quint. 3, 12:

    ab infante,

    Col. 1, 8, 2:

    a parva virgine,

    Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:

    a parvis,

    Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:

    a parvulo,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:

    ab parvulis,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:

    ab tenero,

    Col. 5, 6, 20;

    and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.
    B.
    In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.
    1.
    In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):

    suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:

    qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:

    hic ab artificio suo non recessit,

    id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:

    quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:

    condicionem quam ab te peto,

    id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:

    mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:

    si quid ab illo acceperis,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:

    quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:

    ab defensione desistere,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:

    ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,

    id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:

    ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):

    qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,

    the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:

    tu nunc eris alter ab illo,

    next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:

    Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,

    next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:

    quid hoc ab illo differt,

    from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:

    hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,

    id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:

    discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,

    id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):

    quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 7:

    alieno a te animo fuit,

    id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):

    subdole ab re consulit,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:

    haut est ab re aucupis,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:

    non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,

    Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:

    a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,

    Cic. Lael. 1, 1:

    ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,

    id. ib. 1, 3:

    disputata ab eo,

    id. ib. 1, 4 al.:

    illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,

    id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:

    ita generati a natura sumus,

    id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:

    pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,

    Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:

    niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:

    quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,

    is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:

    salvebis a meo Cicerone,

    i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:

    a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,

    i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:

    ne vir ab hoste cadat,

    Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):

    levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,

    Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:

    a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,

    id. Off. 2, 6, 19:

    si calor est a sole,

    id. N. D. 2, 52:

    ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),

    id. Att. 16, 7, 5:

    metu poenae a Romanis,

    Liv. 32, 23, 9:

    bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,

    id. 3, 22, 2:

    ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,

    id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:

    lassus ab equo indomito,

    Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:

    Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,

    Prop. 5, 1, 126:

    tempus a nostris triste malis,

    time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:

    vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?

    by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,

    ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),

    Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:

    si postulatur a populo,

    if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:

    deseror conjuge,

    Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;

    and in prose,

    Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:

    ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:

    (urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.
    b.
    With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:

    pastores a Pergamide,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:

    Turnus ab Aricia,

    Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):

    obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,

    Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.
    c.
    In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:

    (sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,

    id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)
    d.
    With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:

    da, puere, ab summo,

    Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,

    da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:

    coepere a fame mala,

    Liv. 4, 12, 7:

    cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,

    tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:

    a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.
    e.
    With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:

    a foliis et stercore purgato,

    Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:

    tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?

    Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:

    Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,

    Liv. 21, 11, 5:

    expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:

    haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):

    ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,

    Sall. C. 32:

    ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,

    Liv. 21, 35, 12:

    ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,

    Cic. Sest. 64, 133.
    f.
    With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:

    el metul a Chryside,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:

    ab Hannibale metuens,

    Liv. 23, 36; and:

    metus a praetore,

    id. 23, 15, 7;

    v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,

    Cic. Sull. 20, 59:

    postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,

    you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.
    g.
    With verbs of fastening and holding:

    funiculus a puppi religatus,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:

    cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.
    h.
    Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:

    a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,

    Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.
    i.
    Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):

    id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 22.
    j.
    Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:

    doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,

    Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:

    a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,

    id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:

    a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,

    a frigore laborantibus,

    Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:

    laborare ab re frumentaria,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.
    k.
    Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:

    ab ingenio improbus,

    Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:

    a me pudica'st,

    id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:

    orba ab optimatibus contio,

    Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):

    locus copiosus a frumento,

    Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:

    sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,

    id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:

    ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,

    id. Brut. 16, 63:

    ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,

    Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;

    so often in poets ab arte=arte,

    artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.
    l.
    In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:

    linguam ab irrisu exserentem,

    thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:

    ab honore,

    id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.
    m.
    Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:

    ab illo injuria,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:

    fulgor ab auro,

    Lucr. 2, 5:

    dulces a fontibus undae,

    Verg. G. 2, 243.
    n.
    In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:

    scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:

    nonnuill ab novissimis,

    id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).
    o.
    In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:

    qui sunt ab ea disciplina,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:

    ab eo qui sunt,

    id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:

    nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,

    id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).
    p.
    To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;

    in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,

    one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,

    a manu servus,

    a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).
    q.
    The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:

    a peregre,

    Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:

    a foris,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:

    ab intus,

    ib. ib. 7, 15:

    ab invicem,

    App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:

    a longe,

    Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:

    a modo,

    ib. ib. 23, 39;

    Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,

    Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:

    a sursum,

    ib. Marc. 15, 38.
    ► a.
    Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:

    Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,

    Cic. Pis. 37, 91:

    a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?

    id. Sen. 6:

    a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?

    id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:

    res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,

    id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—
    b.
    Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—
    c.
    It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:

    a vitae periculo,

    Cic. Brut. 91, 313:

    a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,

    id. Arch. 6, 12:

    a minus bono,

    Sall. C. 2, 6:

    a satis miti principio,

    Liv. 1, 6, 4:

    damnis dives ab ipsa suis,

    Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—
    d.
    The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):

    aque Chao,

    Verg. G. 4, 347:

    aque mero,

    Ov. M. 3, 631:

    aque viro,

    id. H. 6, 156:

    aque suis,

    id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:

    a meque,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:

    abs teque,

    id. Att. 3, 15, 4:

    a teque,

    id. ib. 8, 11, §

    7: a primaque adulescentia,

    id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —
    e.
    A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.
    III.
    In composition ab,
    1.
    Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—
    2.
    It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.)

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ab

  • 32 admoveo

    ad-mŏvĕo, mōvi, mōtum, 2, v. a. (admōram, admōrim, etc., sync. for admoveram, admoverim, etc., Verg. A. 4, 367; Ov. P. 3, 7, 36), to move a person or thing; to bring, conduct, lead, carry, etc., to or toward a place (syn.: adduco, adicio, adhibeo, appello).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen., constr. with ad or with dat. (in the histt., of an army, implements for besieging, etc.; class. at all periods): dum ne exercitum propius urbem Romam CC milia admoveret, Cic. Phil. 6, 3, 5:

    copias in locum,

    Liv. 42, 57:

    signa Achradinae,

    id. 25, 24 ext.; so Flor. 1, 24, 3, 23:

    castra,

    Sil. 1, 296.—Hence, also, sometimes absol., to draw near, to approach, to bring near:

    jam admovebat rex,

    Curt. 9, 4:

    jam opera admoventi deditio est facta,

    Liv. 32, 32:

    scalas moenibus,

    Tac. A. 13, 39. — Trop.:

    quot admovi illi fabricas! quot fallacias!

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 2, 5 (where formerly admoenivi was erroneously read):

    tamquam aliquā machinā admotā, capere Asinii adulescentiam,

    Cic. Clu. 13;

    so also: ignes ardentesque laminae ceterique cruciatus admovebantur (sc. civi Romano),

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 63:

    dolorum faces,

    id. Off. 2, 10, 37:

    cumque quasi faces ei doloris admoverentur,

    id. Tusc. 2, 25, 61:

    fasciculum ad nares,

    id. ib. 3, 18 fin.:

    pecus flagrantibus aris,

    Verg. A. 12, 171:

    admotae hostiae (sc. aris),

    Tac. A. 2, 69; so Suet. Calig. 32; Luc. 7, 165: Hannibalem admotum, i. e. adductum altaribus, led or conducted to, Liv. 21, 1:

    labra poculis,

    Verg. E. 3, 43:

    ignes templis,

    Tib. 3, 5, 11:

    exercitum Ariminum,

    Liv. 28, 46:

    vultum ad auditores,

    Auct. Her. 3, 15:

    animam admotis fugientem sustinet herbis,

    Ov. M. 10, 188:

    (opes) Stygiis admoverat umbris,

    id. ib. 1, 139:

    manus operi,

    to apply, id. ib. 10, 254:

    capiti diadema,

    Suet. Caes. 79:

    digitum scripturae,

    id. Aug. 80:

    oscula,

    to give a kiss, Ov. M. 10, 644:

    aliquem ad munera publica,

    to promote, advance, Suet. Tib. 10:

    infantes papillae,

    to put to, id. Tib. 44 al.:

    gressum,

    to approach nearer, Stat. Th. 11, 560 (cf.: addere gressum).—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    To bring one thing near to another, and in the pass. poet. of places, to lie or be situated near:

    nocturna ad lumina linum nuper ubi extinctum admoveas,

    Lucr. 6, 901:

    quae nisi admoto igne ignem concipere possit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 45 fin.: culina ut sit admota, i. e. near or close by, Varr. R. R. 1, 13, 2:

    genus admotum Superis,

    nearly related, Sil. 8, 295:

    admota Nilo Africa,

    Juv. 10, 149.—Hence, aliquem alicui, to bring one near another, i. e. to make friends, to reconcile:

    mors Agrippae admovit propius Neronem Caesari,

    Vell. 2, 96.—
    2.
    With the access. idea of regard to an object to be attained, to move, bring, or apply a thing to; e. g. admovere aures (or aurem), to lend an ear to: manus (or manum) operi, to put one's hand to a work, etc.: accessi, adstiti, animam ( my breath) compressi, aurem admovi, Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 28:

    admovere aures et subauscultando excipere voces,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 36 (cf.:

    aures adhibere,

    id. Arch. 3:

    praebere aures,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 25; and:

    tenere aures,

    id. ib. 4, 10, 49); and aures, poet. for auditores:

    cum tibi sol tepidus plures admoverit aures,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 20, 19:

    admovent manus vectigalibus populi Rom.,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 4; Ov. M. 15, 218; Liv. 5, 22, 4:

    in marmoribus, quibus Nicias manum admovisset,

    which he had put his hand to, Plin. 35, 11, 40, § 133; Curt. 6, 7:

    ruderibus purgandis manus primus admovit,

    Suet. Vesp. 8. But sometimes manus admovere signif., to lay violent hands on, to attack or assault:

    numquam deos ipsos admovere nocentibus manus,

    Liv. 5, 11 fin. al.—
    II.
    Fig., of mental objects, to put, apply, or direct to any thing:

    quid praedicem... quot stimulos admoverit homini,

    put the goad to, Cic. Sest. 5, 12:

    mulier saevissima est, Cum stimulos odio pudor admovet,

    Juv. 10, 328:

    num admoveri possit oratio ad sensus animorum inflammandos,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 60:

    animis judicum admovere orationem, tamquam fidibus manum,

    id. Brut. 54, 200: sed alia quaedam sit ad eum admovenda curatio (just before: adhibenda oratio; cf.

    adhibeo),

    id. Tusc. 4, 28, 61: mentem ad voces alicujus, to direct to, attend to, Auct. Harusp. Resp. 10: serus enim Graecis admovit acumina chartis, not until late did ( the Roman) apply his wits to Greek literature, Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 161:

    terrorem,

    to strike with terror, Liv. 6, 10; 41, 17:

    spes est admota,

    Ov. M. 11, 454:

    spes cupiditati admota occaecavit animum,

    Liv. 43, 10; id. 27, 43: desiderium patriae, to instil or infuse, Curt. 6, 2 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > admoveo

  • 33 coicio

    cōnĭcĭo (also conjĭcio and cōicio; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 2, 1061; Laber. ap. Gell. 16, 7, 5), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. (arch. temp. perf. conjexi, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99) [jacio].
    I.
    To throw or bring together, to unite, = cogo, colligo.
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    cum semina rerum coaluerint quae, conjecta repente, etc.,

    Lucr. 2, 1061; cf. id. 2, 1073 sq.:

    palliolum in collum,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 10; id. Capt. 4, 1, 12 (cf. id. ib. 4, 2, 9:

    collecto pallio): sarcinas in medium,

    Liv. 10, 36, 1 Weissenb. (MSS. in medio); ib. § 13; 31, 27, 7: tecta, quae conjectis celeriter stramentis erant inaedificata, Auct. B. G. 8, 5. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To throw together in speaking, to dispute, contend, discuss, manage judicially (ante-class.): verba inter sese, to bandy words, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 28;

    so without verba: noli, mea mater, me praesente cum patre, conicere,

    id. ib. p. 267, 30;

    p. 268, 3: causam conicere hodie ad te volo (conicere, agere, Non.),

    id. ib. p. 267, 32; cf. the law formula: ante meridiem causam coiciunto, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20; and Gell. 17, 2, 10.—
    2.
    Like the Gr. sumballein (v. Lidd. and Scott in h. v. III. 2.), to put together logically, connect, unite; hence (causa pro effectu), to draw a conclusion from collected particulars, to conclude, infer, conjecture (not in Quint., who very freq. employed the synon. colligo):

    aliquid ex aliquā re,

    Lucr. 1, 751; 2, 121; Nep. Eum. 2, 2; id. Timoth. 4, 2:

    annos sexaginta natus es aut plus, ut conicio,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

    quid illud mali est? nequeo satis mirari, neque conicere,

    id. Eun. 3, 4, 9:

    cito conjeci, Lanuvii te fuisse,

    Cic. Att. 14, 21, 1:

    de futuris,

    Nep. Them. 1, 4:

    quam multos esse oporteret, ex ipso navigio,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71:

    conicito, possisne necne, etc.,

    Plaut. Cas. 1, 1, 6:

    tu conicito cetera, Quid ego ex hac inopiā capiam,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 15.—
    b.
    In partic., t. t. of the lang. of augury, to prophesy, foretell, divine from omens, signs ( a dream, oracle, etc.); to interpret an omen, a dream, an oracle, etc.:

    somnium huic,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 3:

    qui de matre suaviandā ex oraculo Apollinis tam acute arguteque conjecerit,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 53:

    male conjecta maleque interpretata falsa sunt, etc.,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 119; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 66:

    num igitur quae tempestas impendeat vatis melius coniciet quam gubernator? etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 12:

    bene qui coniciet, vatem hunc perhibebo optumum (transl. of a Greek verse),

    id. ib. 2, 5, 12; cf. conjectura, II., conjector, and conjectrix.—
    II.
    To throw, cast, urge, drive, hurl, put, place, etc., a person or thing with force, quickly, etc., to or towards; and conicere se, to betake, cast, or throw one's self hastily or in flight somewhere (very freq. and class. in prose and poetry).
    A.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With in:

    tela in nostros,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 46; Nep. Dat. 9, 5:

    pila in hostes,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 52: aliquem in carcerem, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 7, § 17; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96; Suet. Caes. 17:

    in vincula,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 27; Sall. C. 42, 3; Nep. Milt. 7 fin.; id. Paus. 3, 5; id. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 29, 9, 8, and id. 19, 2, 4 et saep.:

    in catenas,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 47 fin.; Liv. 29, 21, 2:

    in compedes,

    Suet. Vit. 12:

    in custodiam,

    Nep. Phoc. 3, 4; Gai Inst. 1, 13; Suet. Aug. 27 al.: incolas vivos constrictosque in flammam, Auct. B. Afr. 87; cf.:

    te in ignem,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 64:

    in eculeum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

    hostem in fugam,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12:

    exercitum in angustias,

    Curt. 5, 3, 21:

    navem in portum (vis tempestatis),

    Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 98:

    serpentes vivas in vasa fictilia,

    Nep. Hann. 10, 4:

    cultros in guttura velleris atri,

    to thrust into, Ov. M. 7, 245; cf.:

    ferrum in guttura,

    id. ib. 3, 90:

    se in signa manipulosque,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 40:

    se in paludem,

    Liv. 1, 12, 10:

    se in sacrarium,

    Nep. Them. 8, 4:

    se in ultimam provinciam Tarsum usque,

    Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4:

    se in fugam,

    id. Cael. 26, 63; so,

    se in pedes,

    to take to one's heels, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 13 (cf.: se conferre in pedes, Enn. ap. Non. p. 518, 20, and Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 7; and:

    quin, pedes, vos in curriculum conicitis?

    id. Merc. 5, 2, 91):

    se intro,

    Lucil. 28, 47; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36.—
    (β).
    With dat. (rare):

    alii spolia... Coniciunt igni,

    Verg. A. 11, 194:

    huic dea unum anguem Conicit,

    id. ib. 7, 347:

    facem juveni conjecit,

    id. ib. 7, 456:

    conjectaque vincula collo accipit,

    thrown about the neck, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 83.—
    (γ).
    With ad:

    animus domicilia mutet ad alias animalium formas conjectus,

    removed, transposed, Sen. Ep. 88, 29.—
    (δ).
    With acc. alone (mostly poet.):

    magnus decursus aquaï Fragmina coniciens silvarum arbustaque tota,

    bearing down, prostrating, Lucr. 1, 284:

    jaculum,

    Verg. A. 9, 698:

    tela,

    Ov. M. 5, 42:

    cultros,

    id. ib. 15, 735:

    thyrsos,

    id. ib. 11, 28:

    venabula manibus,

    id. ib. 12, 454:

    domus inflammata conjectis ignibus,

    Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2:

    telum inbelle sine ictu,

    Verg. A. 2, 544.—
    (ε).
    With inter:

    jaculum inter ilia,

    Ov. M. 8, 412.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring, direct, turn, throw, urge, drive, force something eagerly, quickly to or towards, etc.
    (α).
    With in:

    aliquem in morbum ex aegritudine,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 69:

    aliquem in laetitiam,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 51:

    (hostes) in terrorem ac tumultum,

    Liv. 34, 28, 3:

    in metum,

    id. 39, 25, 11:

    in periculum,

    Suet. Oth. 10:

    rem publicam in perturbationes,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

    aliquem in nuptias,

    Ter. And. 3, 4, 23; cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 14;

    4, 1, 43: (Catilinam) ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 1:

    aliquem in tricas,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 18; Liv. 36, 12, 4:

    se in saginam ad regem aliquem,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99: se mirificam in latebram, to fly to (in disputing), Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46:

    se in noctem,

    to commit one's self to the night, travel by night, id. Mil. 19, 49: se mente ac voluntate in versum, to devote or apply one's self with zeal to the art of poetry, id. de Or. 3, 50, 194:

    oculos in aliquem,

    id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Lael. 2, 9; Tac. H. 1, 17:

    orationem tam improbe in clarissimos viros,

    Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

    tantam pecuniam in propylaea,

    to throw away, squander, id. Off. 2, 17, 60; cf.:

    cum sestertium milies in culinam conjecisset (Apicius),

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 10, 9:

    culpam in unum vigilem,

    Liv. 5, 47, 10:

    crimina in tuam nimiam diligentiam,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 73:

    maledicta in ejus vitam,

    id. Planc. 12, 31: causas tenues simultatum in gregem locupletium, i. e. to cause, occasion, Auct. B. Alex. 49:

    crimen in quae tempora,

    Liv. 3, 24, 5:

    omen in illam provinciam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 18.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    oculos,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225:

    petitiones ita conjectae (the fig. taken from aiming at a thing with weapons),

    id. Cat. 1, 6, 15: in disputando conjecit illam vocem Cn. Pompeius, omnes oportere senatui dicto audientes esse, threw out or let fall, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—
    * (γ).
    With sub:

    id vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis,

    Liv. 4, 4, 10.—
    2.
    Of a verbal bringing forward, etc., to urge, press, treat, adduce: rem ubi paciscuntur, in comitio aut in foro causam coiciunto, XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20: causam coicere ad te volo, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 32 (Com. Rel. v. 216 Rib.):

    verba inter se acrius,

    id. ib. p. 267, 27 (Com. Rel. v. 309 ib.): is cum filio Cojecerat nescio quid de ratiunculā, id. ap. Suet. Vit. Ner. 11 (Com. Rel. v. 191 ib.).—
    3.
    To throw, place, put into, include in, etc.: eum fasciculum, quo illam (epistulam) conjeceram, Cic. Att. 2, 13, 1:

    ex illo libello, qui in epistulam conjectus est,

    id. ib. 9, 13, 7:

    conjeci id (prooemium) in eum librum, quem tibi misi,

    id. ib. 16, 6, 4:

    pluraque praeterea in eandem epistulam conjeci,

    id. ib. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

    quod multos dies epistulam in manibus habui... ideo multa conjecta sunt aliud alio tempore,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23:

    legem in decimam tabulam,

    id. Leg. 2, 25, 64; id. Caecin. 22, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > coicio

  • 34 conicio

    cōnĭcĭo (also conjĭcio and cōicio; cf. Munro ad Lucr. 2, 1061; Laber. ap. Gell. 16, 7, 5), jēci, jectum, 3, v. a. (arch. temp. perf. conjexi, Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99) [jacio].
    I.
    To throw or bring together, to unite, = cogo, colligo.
    A.
    Lit. (very rare):

    cum semina rerum coaluerint quae, conjecta repente, etc.,

    Lucr. 2, 1061; cf. id. 2, 1073 sq.:

    palliolum in collum,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 10; id. Capt. 4, 1, 12 (cf. id. ib. 4, 2, 9:

    collecto pallio): sarcinas in medium,

    Liv. 10, 36, 1 Weissenb. (MSS. in medio); ib. § 13; 31, 27, 7: tecta, quae conjectis celeriter stramentis erant inaedificata, Auct. B. G. 8, 5. —
    B.
    Trop.
    1.
    To throw together in speaking, to dispute, contend, discuss, manage judicially (ante-class.): verba inter sese, to bandy words, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 28;

    so without verba: noli, mea mater, me praesente cum patre, conicere,

    id. ib. p. 267, 30;

    p. 268, 3: causam conicere hodie ad te volo (conicere, agere, Non.),

    id. ib. p. 267, 32; cf. the law formula: ante meridiem causam coiciunto, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20; and Gell. 17, 2, 10.—
    2.
    Like the Gr. sumballein (v. Lidd. and Scott in h. v. III. 2.), to put together logically, connect, unite; hence (causa pro effectu), to draw a conclusion from collected particulars, to conclude, infer, conjecture (not in Quint., who very freq. employed the synon. colligo):

    aliquid ex aliquā re,

    Lucr. 1, 751; 2, 121; Nep. Eum. 2, 2; id. Timoth. 4, 2:

    annos sexaginta natus es aut plus, ut conicio,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 11:

    quid illud mali est? nequeo satis mirari, neque conicere,

    id. Eun. 3, 4, 9:

    cito conjeci, Lanuvii te fuisse,

    Cic. Att. 14, 21, 1:

    de futuris,

    Nep. Them. 1, 4:

    quam multos esse oporteret, ex ipso navigio,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 71:

    conicito, possisne necne, etc.,

    Plaut. Cas. 1, 1, 6:

    tu conicito cetera, Quid ego ex hac inopiā capiam,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 3, 15.—
    b.
    In partic., t. t. of the lang. of augury, to prophesy, foretell, divine from omens, signs ( a dream, oracle, etc.); to interpret an omen, a dream, an oracle, etc.:

    somnium huic,

    Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 3:

    qui de matre suaviandā ex oraculo Apollinis tam acute arguteque conjecerit,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 53:

    male conjecta maleque interpretata falsa sunt, etc.,

    id. Div. 1, 52, 119; cf. id. ib. 2, 31, 66:

    num igitur quae tempestas impendeat vatis melius coniciet quam gubernator? etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 5, 12:

    bene qui coniciet, vatem hunc perhibebo optumum (transl. of a Greek verse),

    id. ib. 2, 5, 12; cf. conjectura, II., conjector, and conjectrix.—
    II.
    To throw, cast, urge, drive, hurl, put, place, etc., a person or thing with force, quickly, etc., to or towards; and conicere se, to betake, cast, or throw one's self hastily or in flight somewhere (very freq. and class. in prose and poetry).
    A.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With in:

    tela in nostros,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 26; 1, 46; Nep. Dat. 9, 5:

    pila in hostes,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 52: aliquem in carcerem, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 7, § 17; id. Tusc. 1, 40, 96; Suet. Caes. 17:

    in vincula,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 27; Sall. C. 42, 3; Nep. Milt. 7 fin.; id. Paus. 3, 5; id. Pelop. 5, 1; Liv. 29, 9, 8, and id. 19, 2, 4 et saep.:

    in catenas,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 47 fin.; Liv. 29, 21, 2:

    in compedes,

    Suet. Vit. 12:

    in custodiam,

    Nep. Phoc. 3, 4; Gai Inst. 1, 13; Suet. Aug. 27 al.: incolas vivos constrictosque in flammam, Auct. B. Afr. 87; cf.:

    te in ignem,

    Plaut. Rud. 3, 4, 64:

    in eculeum,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 5, 13:

    hostem in fugam,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 12:

    exercitum in angustias,

    Curt. 5, 3, 21:

    navem in portum (vis tempestatis),

    Cic. Inv. 2, 32, 98:

    serpentes vivas in vasa fictilia,

    Nep. Hann. 10, 4:

    cultros in guttura velleris atri,

    to thrust into, Ov. M. 7, 245; cf.:

    ferrum in guttura,

    id. ib. 3, 90:

    se in signa manipulosque,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 40:

    se in paludem,

    Liv. 1, 12, 10:

    se in sacrarium,

    Nep. Them. 8, 4:

    se in ultimam provinciam Tarsum usque,

    Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4:

    se in fugam,

    id. Cael. 26, 63; so,

    se in pedes,

    to take to one's heels, Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 13 (cf.: se conferre in pedes, Enn. ap. Non. p. 518, 20, and Plaut. Bacch. 3, 1, 7; and:

    quin, pedes, vos in curriculum conicitis?

    id. Merc. 5, 2, 91):

    se intro,

    Lucil. 28, 47; Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 36.—
    (β).
    With dat. (rare):

    alii spolia... Coniciunt igni,

    Verg. A. 11, 194:

    huic dea unum anguem Conicit,

    id. ib. 7, 347:

    facem juveni conjecit,

    id. ib. 7, 456:

    conjectaque vincula collo accipit,

    thrown about the neck, Ov. Tr. 4, 1, 83.—
    (γ).
    With ad:

    animus domicilia mutet ad alias animalium formas conjectus,

    removed, transposed, Sen. Ep. 88, 29.—
    (δ).
    With acc. alone (mostly poet.):

    magnus decursus aquaï Fragmina coniciens silvarum arbustaque tota,

    bearing down, prostrating, Lucr. 1, 284:

    jaculum,

    Verg. A. 9, 698:

    tela,

    Ov. M. 5, 42:

    cultros,

    id. ib. 15, 735:

    thyrsos,

    id. ib. 11, 28:

    venabula manibus,

    id. ib. 12, 454:

    domus inflammata conjectis ignibus,

    Cic. Att. 4, 3, 2:

    telum inbelle sine ictu,

    Verg. A. 2, 544.—
    (ε).
    With inter:

    jaculum inter ilia,

    Ov. M. 8, 412.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring, direct, turn, throw, urge, drive, force something eagerly, quickly to or towards, etc.
    (α).
    With in:

    aliquem in morbum ex aegritudine,

    Plaut. Poen. prol. 69:

    aliquem in laetitiam,

    Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 51:

    (hostes) in terrorem ac tumultum,

    Liv. 34, 28, 3:

    in metum,

    id. 39, 25, 11:

    in periculum,

    Suet. Oth. 10:

    rem publicam in perturbationes,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 1, 1:

    aliquem in nuptias,

    Ter. And. 3, 4, 23; cf. id. ib. 3, 5, 14;

    4, 1, 43: (Catilinam) ex occultis insidiis in apertum latrocinium,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 1, 1:

    aliquem in tricas,

    Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 18; Liv. 36, 12, 4:

    se in saginam ad regem aliquem,

    Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 99: se mirificam in latebram, to fly to (in disputing), Cic. Div. 2, 20, 46:

    se in noctem,

    to commit one's self to the night, travel by night, id. Mil. 19, 49: se mente ac voluntate in versum, to devote or apply one's self with zeal to the art of poetry, id. de Or. 3, 50, 194:

    oculos in aliquem,

    id. Clu. 19, 54; id. Lael. 2, 9; Tac. H. 1, 17:

    orationem tam improbe in clarissimos viros,

    Cic. Sest. 18, 40:

    tantam pecuniam in propylaea,

    to throw away, squander, id. Off. 2, 17, 60; cf.:

    cum sestertium milies in culinam conjecisset (Apicius),

    Sen. Cons. Helv. 10, 9:

    culpam in unum vigilem,

    Liv. 5, 47, 10:

    crimina in tuam nimiam diligentiam,

    Cic. Mur. 35, 73:

    maledicta in ejus vitam,

    id. Planc. 12, 31: causas tenues simultatum in gregem locupletium, i. e. to cause, occasion, Auct. B. Alex. 49:

    crimen in quae tempora,

    Liv. 3, 24, 5:

    omen in illam provinciam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 6, § 18.—
    (β).
    Absol.:

    oculos,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 55, 225:

    petitiones ita conjectae (the fig. taken from aiming at a thing with weapons),

    id. Cat. 1, 6, 15: in disputando conjecit illam vocem Cn. Pompeius, omnes oportere senatui dicto audientes esse, threw out or let fall, etc., Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 4, 4.—
    * (γ).
    With sub:

    id vos sub legis superbissimae vincula conicitis,

    Liv. 4, 4, 10.—
    2.
    Of a verbal bringing forward, etc., to urge, press, treat, adduce: rem ubi paciscuntur, in comitio aut in foro causam coiciunto, XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20: causam coicere ad te volo, Afran. ap. Non. p. 267, 32 (Com. Rel. v. 216 Rib.):

    verba inter se acrius,

    id. ib. p. 267, 27 (Com. Rel. v. 309 ib.): is cum filio Cojecerat nescio quid de ratiunculā, id. ap. Suet. Vit. Ner. 11 (Com. Rel. v. 191 ib.).—
    3.
    To throw, place, put into, include in, etc.: eum fasciculum, quo illam (epistulam) conjeceram, Cic. Att. 2, 13, 1:

    ex illo libello, qui in epistulam conjectus est,

    id. ib. 9, 13, 7:

    conjeci id (prooemium) in eum librum, quem tibi misi,

    id. ib. 16, 6, 4:

    pluraque praeterea in eandem epistulam conjeci,

    id. ib. 7, 16, 1; cf.:

    quod multos dies epistulam in manibus habui... ideo multa conjecta sunt aliud alio tempore,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 7, § 23:

    legem in decimam tabulam,

    id. Leg. 2, 25, 64; id. Caecin. 22, 63.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > conicio

  • 35 contendo

    con-tendo, di, tum, 3, v. a. and n., to stretch, stretch out vigorously, to draw tight, strain.
    I.
    Lit. (rare and mostly poet.):

    arcum,

    Verg. A. 12, 815; Ov. M. 6, 286; id. R. Am. 435: tormenta, Sisen. ap. Non. p. 258, 27; Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57: muscipula, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 181, 31:

    tenacia vincla,

    Verg. G. 4, 412:

    ilia risu,

    Ov. A. A. 3, 285: pontem in alto, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 21 Müll. (Ann. v. 358 Vahl.):

    oculi contendunt se,

    Lucr. 4, 810.— Of stringed instruments, to tune by stretching the strings:

    ut in fidibus pluribus, si nulla earum ita contenta nervis sit, ut concentum servare possit,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 27, 75; cf. infra, P. a.—
    B.
    Meton.
    1.
    (Causa pro effectu.) Of weapons, to shoot, hurl, dart, throw:

    infensam hastam,

    Verg. A. 10, 521:

    tela,

    id. ib. 12, 815:

    sagittas nervo,

    Sil. 1, 323:

    telum aërias in auras,

    Verg. A. 5, 520. —
    2.
    Of places, neutr., to stretch, reach, extend:

    haec patulum vallis contendit in orbem,

    Calp. Ecl. 7, 30:

    Cappadocum gens usque ad Cyrresticam ejus regionem parte suā, quae vocatur Cataonia, contendit,

    Plin. 6, 8, 8, § 24.—
    II.
    Trop. (freq. in prose and poetry); act., to strain eagerly, to stretch, exert, to direct one's mental powers to something, to pursue or strive for earnestly; or neutr., to exert one's self, to strive zealously for something, etc.
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Act.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    magnum fortasse onus, verum tamen dignum, in quo omnis nervos aetatis industriaeque meae contenderem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 35; cf.:

    contendit omnis nervos Chrysippus, ut persuadeat, etc.,

    id. Fat. 10, 21:

    summas vires de palmā,

    Lucr. 4, 990:

    animum in curas,

    Ov. P. 1, 5, 11:

    quo se dira libido,

    Lucr. 4, 1043:

    tamen id sibi contendendum aut aliter non transducendum exercitum existimabat,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17; cf.:

    id contendere et laborare, ne ea, etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 31; Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 21, § 52: et petere imperium populi et contendere honores, Varr. ap. Non. p. 259, 32.—
    (β).
    With inf., to exert one's self vigorously to do something, to apply one's self with zeal to, to go to:

    hunc locum duabus ex partibus oppugnare contendit,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 21:

    summā vi transcendere in hostium naves,

    id. ib. 3, 15:

    fugā salutem petere,

    id. ib. al.; Quint. 10, 1, 125:

    neque ego nunc hoc contendo... mutare animum, sed, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 13, § 38.—
    2.
    Neutr.:

    quantum coniti animo potes, quantum labore contendere... tantum fac ut efficias,

    Cic. Off. 3, 2, 6.— With ut:

    quántum potero voce contendam, ut populus hoc Romanus exaudiat,

    Cic. Lig. 3, 6; so,

    remis, ut eam partem insulae caperet,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 8 et saep.:

    contende quaeso atque elabora, ut, etc.,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 14, § 42.— Absol.:

    vociferarer et, quantum maxime possem, contenderem,

    Cic. Fl. 16, 38 al.:

    non possis oculo quantum contendere Lynceus (= collineare),

    to aim at, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 28.—
    B.
    In partic.,
    1.
    To direct or bend one's course eagerly somewhere; or, neutr., to strive to get to a place, to seek to arrive at, to go, march, or journey hastily to, etc.
    a.
    Act.
    (α).
    With acc. (very rare):

    rectā plateā cursum suum,

    Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 58:

    nocte unā tantum itineris,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 34, 97.—
    (β).
    With inf. (freq.):

    Bibracte ire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 23; so,

    ire cum his legionibus,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    in Britanniam proficisci,

    id. ib. 4, 20:

    in provinciam reverti,

    id. ib. 3, 6 fin.:

    Dyrrhachium petere,

    Cic. Planc. 41, 97; cf.:

    proxima litora petere cursu,

    Verg. A. 1, 158; and:

    iter a Vibone Brundisium terrā petere,

    Cic. Planc. 40, 96 Wund.—
    b.
    Neutr. (so most freq.):

    in Italiam magnis itineribus,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 10; cf.:

    huc magnis itineribus,

    id. ib. 1, 38 fin.:

    huc magno cursu,

    id. ib. 3, 19:

    inde in Italiam,

    id. ib. 1, 33:

    in fines Sigambrorum,

    id. ib. 4, 18:

    in castra,

    id. ib. 4, 37:

    ex eo loco ad flumen,

    id. ib. 2, 9:

    ad Rhenum finesque Germanorum,

    id. ib. 1, 27 fin.:

    ad oppidum Noviodunum,

    id. ib. 2, 12:

    ad castra,

    id. ib. 2, 19 fin.; 3, 24 fin.:

    ad hostes,

    id. ib. 5, 9:

    ad Amanum,

    Cic. Att. 5, 20, 3: Tarentum ad Heraclidem Ponticum, Varr. ap. Non. p. 260, 19:

    Lacedaemonem,

    Nep. Cim. 3, 3:

    domum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 24 fin. et saep.:

    ad ultimum animo,

    Cic. Mur. 31, 65; cf.:

    magna spectare atque ad ea rectis studiis contendere,

    id. Off. 2, 13, 44:

    ad summam laudem gloriamque maximis laboribus et periculis,

    id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:

    ad salutem,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 3 fin. —
    2.
    ( Neutr.) To measure or try one's strength with, with weapons, by words, in action, etc.; to strive, dispute, fight, contend against, vie with; constr. with cum aliquo, contra or adversus aliquem, the dat., inter se, or absol.
    (α).
    Cum aliquo:

    neque post id tempus umquam summis nobiscum copiis hostes contenderunt,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 17 fin.; 1, 36:

    cum Sequanis bello,

    id. ib. 7, 67 fin.:

    cum eo armis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 9, 2:

    cum magnis legionibus parvā manu,

    Sall. C. 53, 3:

    cum barbaro,

    Nep. Con. 4, 3:

    cum victore,

    Hor. S. 1, 9, 42:

    mecum ingenio et arte,

    Prop. 2 (3), 24, 23 al.:

    cum eo de principatu,

    Nep. Arist. 1, 1; cf. id. Ages. 1, 4 al.:

    divitiis et sumptibus, non probitate neque industriā cum majoribus suis,

    Sall. J. 4, 7:

    humilitas cum dignitate et amplitudine,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 136.—So with acc. of neutr. pron.:

    tamenne vereris, ut possis haec contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78.—
    (β).
    Contra aliquem:

    contra populum Romanum armis,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    tauri pro vitulis contra leones summā vi impetuque contendunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 20, 66:

    contra vim gravitatemque morbi,

    id. Phil. 9, 7, 15:

    nihil contra naturam universam,

    id. Off. 1, 31, 110; Cat. 64, 101.—
    * (γ).
    Adversus aliquem: non contendam ego adversus te, Anton. ap. Cic. Att. 14, 13, A, 2.—
    (δ).
    With dat. ( poet.):

    hirundo cycnis,

    Lucr. 3, 6:

    Homero,

    Prop. 1, 7, 3; 1, 14, 7:

    Pindaricis plectris,

    Stat. S. 1, 3, 101.—
    (ε).
    Inter se:

    hi cum tantopere de potentatu inter se multos annos contenderent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31, 4; 1, 5, 3:

    viribus inter se,

    Lucr. 3, 784.— Impers.:

    interim proelio equestri inter duas acies contendebatur,

    the contest was carried on, Caes. B. G. 2, 9.—
    (ζ).
    Absol.:

    proelio,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 48; 1, 50 fin.;

    3, 28 al.: magis virtute quam dolo,

    id. ib. 1, 13; Nep. Epam. 2, 5:

    translatio non habet quaestionem, de quā contendit orator, sed propter quam contendit,

    Quint. 3, 6, 72; cf. id. 6, 1, 50; 7, 9, 3 al.— Impers.:

    summo jure contenditur,

    Cic. Caecin. 23, 65:

    de his lite contenditur,

    Quint. 3, 4, 8:

    de personis judicatur, sed de rebus contenditur,

    id. 10, 5, 13.—
    * b.
    In auctions, to vie with in bidding, to bid against: is liceri non destitit;

    illi quoad videbatur ferri aliquo modo posse, contenderunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 42, § 99.—
    3.
    ( Act.) To place together in comparison, to compare, contrast; constr. with cum, ad, the dat., or acc. only.
    (α).
    With cum: tuam iram contra cum ira Liberi, Naev. ap. Non. p. 259, 7; Caecil. ib. p. 259, 1:

    id cum defensione nostrā,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 33, 93:

    rationem meam cum tuā ratione,

    id. N. D. 3, 4, 10; Tac. A. 4, 32 al.: suam vitam mecum, Licinius, Macer. ap. Non. p. 259, 3.—
    * (β).
    With ad: ut vim contendas tuam ad majestatem viri, Att. ap. Non. p. 259, 5 (Trag. Rel. v. 648 Rib.).—
    (γ).
    With dat.: Thestiadas Ledae, Lucil. ap. Non. p. 258, 30:

    vellera potantia Aquinatem fucum Sidonio ostro,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 10, 26; Aus. Grat. Act. 14 al.—
    (δ).
    With [p. 447] acc. only: anulum, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Non. p. 258, 29:

    ipsas causas, quae inter se confligunt,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 25:

    leges,

    id. Inv. 2, 49, 145:

    suam quaeque nobilitatem, formam, opes,

    Tac. A. 12, 1:

    vetera et praesentia,

    id. ib. 13, 3.—
    4.
    ( Act.) To demand, ask, solicit, entreat, beg earnestly, to seek to gain:

    cum a me peteret et summe contenderet, ut suum propinquum defenderem,

    Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    verecundius a te, si quae magna res mihi petenda esset, contenderem,

    id. Fam. 2, 6, 1; so,

    ab aliquo,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131; id. de Or. 1, 36, 166; id. Rosc. Am. 1, 4; id. Fam. 13, 7, 3; cf.:

    a magistris de proferendo die,

    id. ib. 12, 30, 5; id. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 5, § 15:

    ne quid contra aequitatem,

    id. Off. 2, 20, 71:

    omni opere, ut, etc.,

    Suet. Dom. 2:

    magno opere, ne, etc.,

    id. Aug. 27; id. Vit. 3:

    pertinaciter,

    id. Caes. 1.—
    5.
    ( Act.) To assert, affirm earnestly, to maintain or contend energetically.
    (α).
    With acc. and inf.:

    sic ego hoc contendo, me tibi ipsi adversario cujuscumque tribus rationem poposceris redditurum,

    Cic. Planc. 19, 48; id. Sest. 50, 107; id. Arch. 7, 15:

    apud eos contendit falsa esse delata,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2; id. Epam. 8, 1:

    illud pro me majoribusque meis contendere ausim, nihil nos... scientes fuisse,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5; Quint. prooem. § 11; 1, 2, 25; Suet. Calig. 15; id. Dom. 6; Lucr. 5, 1343; Cat. 44, 4; Ov. M. 2, 855; Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 37 al.—
    (β).
    Absol. (very rare):

    si manantia corpuscula iter claudunt, ut Asclepiades contendit,

    Cels. 1, praef. § 28.—Hence, contentus, a, um, P. a.
    A.
    Lit., stretched, strained, tense, tight:

    qui jam contento, jam laxo fune laborat,

    Hor. S. 2, 7, 20:

    acies oculorum,

    Lucr. 1, 325; cf.:

    contentis oculis prosequi aliquem,

    Suet. Tib. 7:

    contentis corporibus facilius feruntur onera (opp. remissa),

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 23, 54; cf.:

    contentā cervice trahunt plaustra (boves),

    Verg. G. 3, 536:

    Placideiani contento poplite miror Proelia,

    with the knee stiffly bent, Hor. S. 2, 7, 97.—
    B.
    Trop., eager, intent:

    contenta mens fuit in eā ratione,

    Lucr. 4, 965; cf. Ov. M. 15, 515:

    et contentā voce atrociter dicere et summissā leniter,

    Cic. Or. 17, 56:

    ad tribunatum contento studio cursuque veniamus,

    id. Sest. 6, 13.— Sup.:

    contentissimā voce clamitans,

    App. M. 4, p. 147.— Adv.: con-tentē, earnestly, with great exertion, vehemently:

    pro se dicere... mittere contentius,

    Cic. Tusc. 2, 24, 57; cf.:

    acriter atque contente pro suis decretis propugnare,

    Gell. 18, 1, 2:

    contentissime clamitare, App. Flor. n. 8: contentius ambulare,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 34, 97:

    ornamentis iisdem uti fere licebit, alias contentius, alias summissius,

    id. de Or. 3, 55, 212:

    aliquid curiose atque contente lectitare,

    Gell. 3, 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contendo

  • 36 spatium

    spătĭum, ii, n. [root spa-, to draw; Gr. spaô; span-, to stretch; Gr. spanis, want; cf.: penomai, penês; Germ. spannen; Dor. spadion (=stadion), race-course; cf. Lat. penuria], room, a space (very freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.: est natura loci spatiumque profundi, Quod neque percurrere flumina possint, Nec, etc.... Usque adeo passim patet ingens copia rebus;

    Finibus exemptis,

    Lucr. 1, 1002; 5, 370; 1, 389:

    locus ac spatium, quod inane vocamus,

    id. 1, 426; cf. id. 1, 523:

    per totum caeli spatium diffundere sese (solis lux),

    id. 4, 202; cf.:

    tres pateat caeli spatium non amplius ulnas,

    Verg. E. 3, 105:

    flumen Dubis paene totum oppidum cingit: reliquum spatium, quā flumen intermittit, mons continet,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 38:

    temporibus rerum et spatiis locorum animadversis,

    id. B. C. 3, 61 fin.:

    quod spatium non esset agitandi,

    Nep. Eum. 5, 4:

    spatium loci,

    Quint. 8, 3, 84:

    spatio distante,

    Ov. M. 11, 715.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    A (limited) space, distance, interval (syn. intervallum):

    siderum genus spatiis immutabilibus ab ortu ad occasum commeans,

    Cic. N. D. 2, 19, 49:

    magno spatio paucis diebus confecto,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 29:

    itineris spatium,

    id. B. C. 1, 24 fin.:

    viae spatium,

    the distance, length, Ov. M. 8, 794:

    trabes paribus intermissae spatiis (shortly before: paribus intervallis),

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23; cf.:

    alios ineunt cursus aliosque recursus Adversi spatiis,

    Verg. A. 5, 584 Coningt. ad loc.:

    hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris utrisque aberat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 43:

    inter duas acies tantum erat relictum spatii, ut, etc.,

    id. B. C. 3, 92:

    cum Viridorix contra eum duum milium spatio consedisset,

    id. B. G. 3, 17:

    magnum spatium abesse,

    id. ib. 2, 17:

    quo tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio institueretur?

    id. ib. 2, 30:

    tormentorum usum spatio propinquitatis interire,

    id. B. C. 2, 16 fin.:

    jamque tenebat Nox medium caeli spatium,

    Hor. S. 2, 6, 101:

    illi medio in spatio chorus Occurrit,

    Verg. A. 10, 219:

    dimidium fere spatium confecerat, cum, etc.,

    Nep. Eum. 9, 1:

    spatium discrimina fallit,

    the distance, Ov. M. 8, 577.—
    b.
    Size, bulk, extent:

    dum spatium victi considerat hostis (serpentis),

    Ov. M. 3, 95:

    elephantis,

    Luc. 9, 732:

    oris Et colli, ov. M. 2, 672: dat spatium collo,

    id. ib. 3, 195:

    breve lateris,

    Juv. 6, 503; cf.:

    quod sit homini spatium a vestigio ad verticem,

    Plin. 7, 17, 17, § 77:

    spatia montis,

    id. 35, 1, 1, § 2:

    spatium admirabile rhombi,

    very large, Juv. 4, 39:

    vasti corporis,

    Sen. Hippol. 806:

    plantae Herculis,

    Gell. 1, 1, 2: trahit aures in spatium, in length, i. e. lengthens them out, Ov. M. 11, 176; so,

    in spatium,

    id. ib. 2, 197; 7, 783; Sil. 13, 562.—
    2.
    An open space for walking, racing, etc., in.
    a.
    A walk, promenade; a public place or square, etc. (cf. ambulatio):

    urbs delubris distincta spatiisque communibus,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 26, 41:

    templaque et innumeris spatia interstincta columnis,

    i. e. colonnades, porticos, Stat. S. 3, 5, 90:

    quin igitur ad illa spatia nostra sedesque pergimus, ubi cum satis erit deambulatum, requiescemus,

    Cic. Leg. 1, 4, 14:

    spatia silvestria,

    id. ib. 1, 5, 15:

    orator ex Academiae spatiis,

    id. Or. 3, 12 (quoted by Quint. 12, 2, 23, and by Tac. Or. 32):

    Academiae non sine causā nobilitata spatia,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 1, 1: locus planis Porrectus spatiis, in level spaces, i. e. plains, Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 42:

    ille actus habenā Curvatis fertur spatiis,

    Verg. A. 7, 381.—
    b.
    A race-course, track:

    sicut fortis equus, spatio qui saepe supremo Vicit Olympia,

    Enn. Ann. 18, 22:

    nec vero velim quasi decurso spatio a calce ad carceres revocari,

    Cic. Sen. 23, 83:

    amat spatiis obstantia rumpere claustra,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 14, 9:

    cum carceribus sese effudere quadrigae, Addunt in spatia,

    Verg. G. 1, 513 Forbig. ad loc.:

    hic ad Elei metas et maxuma campi Sudabit spatia,

    id. ib. 3, 202: signoque repente Corripiunt spatia [p. 1736] audito, id. A. 5, 316:

    tritumque relinquunt Quadrijugi spatium,

    Ov. M. 2, 168; cf.:

    equi Pulsabant pedibus spatium declivis Olympi,

    id. ib. 6, 487:

    abstulere me velut de spatio Graeciae res immixtae Romanis,

    Liv. 35, 40, 1:

    nobilis equos cursus et spatia probant,

    Tac. Or. 39.—
    c.
    Poet., in gen., room or space in a building:

    Phocus in interius spatium pulchrosque recessus Cecropidas ducit,

    the inner space, the interior, Ov. M. 7, 670.—
    3.
    Transf., the action of walking, a walk, promenade; a turn, course:

    cum in ambulationem ventum esset, Scaevolam, duobus spatiis tribusve factis, dixisse, etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 7, 28; cf. id. Rep. 1, 12, 18; Suet. Aug. 83:

    si interdum ad forum deducimur, si uno basilicae spatio honestamur,

    Cic. Mur. 34, 70:

    septem spatiis circo meruere coronam,

    Ov. Hal. 68:

    (agitatores) septimo spatio palmae appropinquant,

    Sen. Ep. 30, 13.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    Of time.
    1.
    In gen., a space of time, interval, period:

    spatia omnis temporis non numero dierum sed noctium finiunt,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 18:

    spatium praeteriti temporis,

    Cic. Arch. 1, 1:

    quantum fuit diei spatium,

    as the portion of the day allowed, Caes. B. G. 2, 11 fin.:

    annuum spatium,

    id. B. C. 3, 3:

    annuum, menstruum, diurnum, nocturnum,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 26, 39:

    dierum triginta,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 96:

    parvo dilexit spatio Minoida Theseus,

    Prop. 2, 24, 43 (3, 19, 27):

    spatio brevi,

    Hor. C. 1, 11, 6:

    in brevi spatio mutantur secla animantum,

    Lucr. 2, 77; so,

    in brevi spatio,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 2, 2:

    aliquid longo spatio tenere,

    Cic. Off. 2, 23, 81:

    me ex comparato et constituto spatio defensionis in semihorae curriculum coëgisti,

    id. Rab. Perd. 2, 6:

    hoc interim spatio conclave illud concidisse,

    id. de Or. 2, 86, 353:

    spatia annorum,

    Prop. 3 (4), 21, 31:

    spatium juventae Transire,

    Ov. M. 15, 225:

    illa dies... incerti spatium mihi finiat aevi,

    id. ib. 15, 874:

    post sexagesimum vitae spatium,

    i. e. after the sixtieth year, Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 170.—
    2.
    In partic.
    a.
    Of a portion of time in which to do any thing, space, time, leisure, opportunity:

    neque, ut celari posset, tempus spatium ullum dabat,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 14:

    nisi tempus et spatium datum sit,

    Cic. Quint. 1, 4:

    irae suae spatium et consilio tempus dare,

    Liv. 8, 32:

    ubicumque datum erat spatium solitudinis,

    Ter. Hec. 1, 2, 55:

    quantum spatii nobis datur,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 59, 252:

    tempus inane peto, requiem spatiumque furori,

    Verg. A. 4, 433: ne properes, oro;

    spatium pro munere posco,

    Ov. R. Am. 277:

    proin quicquid est, da tempus ac spatium tibi. Quod ratio non quit, saepe sanavit mora,

    Sen. Agam. 2, 129.—Esp.: spatium (aliquid, nihil spatii, etc.) alicui faciendi or ad faciendum aliquid, time to do a thing:

    breve spatium'st perferundi quae minitas mihi,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 85:

    ut Ne esset spatium cogitandi ad disturbandas nuptias,

    Ter. And. 1, 2, 11:

    quam longum spatium amandi amicam tibi dedi!

    id. Hec. 4, 4, 62:

    dare alicui spatium ad se colligendum,

    Cic. Caecin. 2, 6:

    ad scribendum,

    id. Fam. 15, 17, 1:

    pila in hostes coniciendi,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 52; 4, 13; Ov. M. 10, 163:

    nec fuit spatium ad contrahenda castra,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

    cum erit spatium, utrumque praestabo,

    Cic. Att. 5, 14, 1:

    si spatium ad dicendum habuissemus,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56:

    spatium sumamus ad cogitandum,

    id. Fin. 4, 1, 1; id. de Or. 1, 33, 150:

    sex dies ad eam rem conficiendam spatii postulant,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 3 fin.:

    vix explicandi ordines spatium Etruscis fuit,

    Liv. 2, 46, 3:

    spatium Vitellianis datum refugiendi,

    Tac. H. 2, 25.—Rarely with dat.:

    spatium quidem tandem adparandis nuptiis, vocandi, sacruficandi dabitur paululum,

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 20.—
    b.
    A year of life:

    quosdam (morbos) post sexagesimum vitae spatium non accidere,

    Plin. 7, 50, 51, § 170. —
    c.
    Metrical time, measure, quantity:

    trochaeus, qui est eodem spatio quo choreus,

    Cic. Or. 57, 193; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 18:

    neu sermo subsultet imparibus spatiis ac sonis, miscens longa brevibus, etc.,

    id. 11, 3, 43; cf. id. 11, 3, 40; 11, 3, 17 al.—
    B.
    (Acc. to I. B.) A path, course, race, track:

    ut eadem spatia quinque stellae dispari motu cursuque conficiant,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 45, 178:

    quid mihi opu'st, decurso aetatis spatio, cum meis gerere bellum?

    Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 14:

    prope jam excurso spatio,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 6:

    te vero, mea quem spatiis propioribus aetas Insequitur,

    Verg. A. 9, 275: deflexit jam aliquantulum de spatio curriculoque consuetudo majorum, Cic. Lael. 12, 40; cf.:

    quemadmodum simus in spatio Q. Hortensium ipsius vestigiis persecuti,

    id. Brut. 90, 307:

    currenti spatium praemonstra,

    Lucr. 6, 93:

    pede inoffenso spatium decurrere vitae,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 4, 33; Sen. Troad. 398.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > spatium

  • 37 ἐρωέω

    ἐρω-έω, ([etym.] ἐρωή) [dialect] Ep.Verb,
    A rush, rush forth,

    αἷμα κελαινὸν ἐρωήσει περὶ δουρί Il.1.303

    , Od.16.441 ; ἠρώησαν ὀπίσσω, of horses, they started back, Il.23.433 ; escape harm, Nic.Th. 117.
    2 c. gen. rei, draw back or rest from,

    ἐρωῆσαι πολέμοιο Il.13.776

    , cf. 17.422 ;

    ἐρωήσουσι δὲ χάρμης 14.101

     ;

    ἐρώησαν καμάτοιο h.Cer. 301

     ; οῐνου Epic. in Arch.Pap. 7.4 ; [νεφέλη] οὔ ποτ' ἐρωεῖ (sc. σκοπέλου ) the cloud never fails from it, never leaves it, Od.12.75 ; ἴθι νῦν κατὰ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν, μήδ' ἔτ' ἐρώει (sc. τοῦ ἰέναι) Il.2.179 : c. acc., leave, quit, Theoc.13.74, 24.101.
    II trans., drive or force back, once in Hom.,

    τῶ κε καὶ ἐσσύμενόν περ ἐρωήσαιτ' ἀπὸ νηῶν Il.13.57

     ;

    χεῖρας ὑσμίνης Theoc.22.174

     ;

    ῥόον Call. Del. 133

     ;

    θηρὸς ὀλοὸν κέρας Id.Fr. 249

     ; δρόμον ἐλεφάντων cj. in Nonn. D.36.188 : c. acc. et inf.,

    Ἀχαιοὺς ἐ. κορέσασθαι Q.S.3.520

    .—Dub. in late Prose, Ant.Lib.7.3. -ή, ἡ, [dialect] Ep. Noun (Hom. only in Il.), quick motion, rush, force,

    ἀνδρὸς ἐ. Il.3.62

    , cf. 14.488 ; mostly of things,

    δουρὸς ἐ. 15.358

     ;

    βελέων ἐ. 4.542

     ; λείπετο δουρὸς ἐ. a spear's throw behind, 23.529, cf. 21.251 ; λικμητῆρος ἐ. the force or swing of the winnower's (shovel), 13.590 ;

    ἐκτὸς ἐρωῆς πετράων A.R.4.1657

     ;

    πυρός AP9.490

     (Heliod.).
    2 impulse, desire, περὶ Κύπριν ἐ. ib.10.112, cf. Procl.H.3.10 ;

    γαστρὸς ἐ. Opp.C.3.175

    .
    II c. gen. rei, drawing back from, rest from,

    πολέμου δ' οὐ γίγνετ' ἐ. Il.16.302

    , 17.761 ;

    μάχης Theoc.22.192

     ;

    δακρύων Mosch.4.40

     : abs., escape,D.P.601.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐρωέω

  • 38 μύσσομαι

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `blow the nose' (Hp., Epic. in Arch. Pap. 7, 5); also act. `wipe off' (Pl., E., Arr., AP), metaph. `draw by the nose, deceive' (Men., H.);
    Other forms: fut. μύξομαι
    Compounds: usu. with ἀπο- `id.' (Ar., X., Arist.), also with προ- `deceive somebody for money' (Hp.), `snuff a lamp' (Ar. V. 249 v. l. for πρόβυσον), extort money'.
    Derivatives: 1. μυκτήρ, - ῆρος m., often in plur., "the snuffer", `nostril' (Ion., com., X.), also (as backformation from μυκτηρίζω) `mocker' (Timo), `insult' (Plu., Luc.); with μυκτηρίζω ( ἀπο- μύσσομαι H.) `bleed at the nose' (Hp.), `be mocked' (Lys.Fr. 323 S., LXX) with - ηρισμός `mockery', - ηρίσματα pl. H. as explanation of ἀποσκώμματα, - ηριστής m. `mocker' (Ath.). -- 2. μύξα, - ης f. `slime, mucus', also `nostril, snout, spout of a lamp' (Hes. Sc. 267, Ion., Arist.; on the formation below) with several derivv.: dimin. μυξάριον (M. Ant.); μυξώδης `slimy, full of slime' (Hp., Arist., Thphr.); μυξ-ωτῆρες pl. (Hdt., Hp.), - ητῆρες (Gal.) `nostril' (cf. τροπωτήρ, κωπητήρ a.o., Chantraine Form. 327 f.); μυξ-άζω, - άω `be slimy' (sch.); fishnames: μύξων, - ωνος m. `kind of mullet' (Arist.), prob. directly from μύξα; as backformation ( κόκκων: κόκκος a.o.; cf. Chantraine 161) μύξος `id.' (Ath.); μυξῖνος `id.' (Hikes. ap. Ath.; like κορακῖνος a.o.). -- 3. ἀπόμυξ-ις `snuffling' (Plu.), - ία `mucus' (AB, H.). -- On μύκης `mushroom' s. v.
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [744] * mug-, muk- `slime, glide'?; PGX [probably a word of Pre-Greek origin]
    Etymology: Beside the primary yot-present *μυκ-ι̯ομαι in μύσσομαι stands in Latin a nasal-present ē-mu-n-g-ō `wipe the nose'; cf. σχίζω (:*σχιδ-ι̯ω) beside scindō. Independent parallel formations are ἀπόμυξ-ις and ēmunc-ti-ō. -- Of the derivations only μύξα needs explanation: like κνίση, κνῖσα can go back on the s-stem supposed in Lat. nīdor, μύξα can go back on Lat. mūcor m. `mould, moistness', if from * mūcos (Solmsen Wortforsch. 238 f.). It is unnecessary to assume an adj. *μυξός `slimy' (*μυκ-σ-ός) with Solmsen (and Brugmann Grundr.2 2: 1, 541), as μύξων, μύξος can be explained from μύξα; s. above. For the rare forms with anl. σμ-(σμύσσεται and σμυκτήρ H., σμύξων Arist. beside μύξων) Celtic has a parallel in Gael. smùc, smug `mucus'; from Celt. may still be mentioned the primary to-derivation in MIr. mocht `weak' (\< * muk-to-). The Germ. and Balto-Slav. words adduced, e.g. OWNo. mjūkr, Latv. mukls `palūdōsus' give nothing new for Greek. Further, partly quite doubtful combinations in WP. 2, 253, Pok. 744, W.-Hofmann s. ēmungō. -- On μύσκος μίασμα H. s. μύσος; the rarely attested ἀμυσχρός, ἀμυχρός etc. (s.v.) cannot be certainly interpreted. Cf. 2. μύζω and μυχθίζω. - The forms μύξα, μύξος, μύξων, and the forms with σ-, seem doubtful and may be Pre-Greek; cf. Fur. 393.
    Page in Frisk: 2,

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > μύσσομαι

  • 39 σπείρω

    Grammatical information: v.
    Meaning: `to sow, to seed', also (esp. w. prefix) `to spread, to scatter, to distribute'.
    Other forms: Aor. σπεῖραι, fut. σπερῶ, aor. pass. σπαρ-ῆναι, fut. - ήσομαι, perf. midd. ἔσπαρμαι (IA), act. ἔσπαρκα (late.).
    Dialectal forms: Myc. pemo, pema.
    Compounds: often w. prefix, e.g. δια-, κατα-.
    Derivatives: A. With full grade: 1. σπέρμα n. `seed, sowing, stem, sprout' ( ε 490); as 1. member also with transition in the o-stems, e.g. σπερμο-λόγος "picking up corn", `rook' (Ar., Arist. etc.; Schmid Phil. 95, 82), `chatterbox' (D. etc., MLat. spermologus; Silvestre Arch. Lat. Med. Aevi 30, 155 ff.). From it σπερ-μάτιον n. dimin. (Thphr. a. o.), - ματίας ( σικυός) m. `seed bearer' (Cratin.), - ματίτης, - ματῖτις `bearing, bringing forth seed' (late; Redard 102), - ματικός `to hold, to bring forth seed' (Arist. etc.), - ματώδης `seed-like' (late); - μαίνω `to sow, to bring forth' (Hes., Call., Plu. a. o.), - ματίζω `to sow, to bear seed', - ματίζομαι `to be sown, pregnant' with - ματισμός m. (LXX, Thphr.), - ματόομαι `to come to seed' (Thphr.) with - μάτωσις (Phan. Hist.). -- 2. σπέραδος n. = σπέρμα (Nic.; like χέραδος). -- B. With o-ablaut: 1. σπόρος m. `seed, sowing' (Att.) with - ιμος `fit for sowing', τὰ -α `sowing fields' (X.. Thphr., LXX a. o.; Arbenz 46 a. 48). 2. σπορά f. `sowing, seed, procreation, descent' (Trag., Pl., Thphr. a. o.) with - αῖος `sown' (Babr.); often to the prefixcompp., e.g. διασπορά f. `dispersal, exile' (LXX, Ph., Plu. a. o.). 3. From σπόρος or σπορά: ὁμό-σπορος `of the same seed, kindred' (poet. h. Cer.); σπορ-εύς ( κατα-. δια-) m. `sower, begetter' (X., pap. a.o.; Bosshardt 53). 4. σπορητός m. `sowing, seed' (A., X., Thphr.; after ἀλοητός, ἄμητος a. o.; not with Bosshardt l. c. from *σπορέω). 5. σποράς, - άδος `dispersed' (IA.), αἱ Σποράδες group of islands, with - άδην `dispersed' (Att. etc.), - αδικός `id.' (Arist.), - άσαι aor. `to disperse' (inscr.). 6. ἐπισπορ-ίη f. `after-seed, second seed' (Hes.; ἐπίσπορος A.), περισπόρ-ια n. pl. `suburbs' (LXX). -- C. With zero grade: 1. σπαρ-τός `sown' (A. a. o.); οἱ Σπαρτοί m.. pl. "the sown ones", of the dragonseed of Kadmos (Pi. a.o.); 2. σπαρνός (s. v.).
    Origin: IE [Indo-European] [993] * sper- `strew, sow, sprinkle'
    Etymology: As agricultural term for sowing σπείρω belongs exclusively to Greek. In the west, including Balto-Slavic, appear for it representatives of sē-: sh₁- (Lat. sēmen etc.); s. Ernout-Meillet and W.-Hofmann s. 1. serō (cf. also above on ἵημι). Also in the supposedly older meaning `strew' the other languages provide nothing, that can be identified with σπείρω. Nearest cognate Armenian has in sp'iṙ `strews' with sp`r̄em `spread out' and in p`arat `spread out, separated' with p`aratem `spread out, remove' words which, not to speak of the "rolling" r̄ and the vowel (IE ē or i) in sp`iṙ, in anlaut (IE ( s)ph-?) differ from σπείρω. Arm. spar̄nam `threaten' (Meillet BSL 31, 52) differs semantically strongly. The last word leads to the s. σπαίρω adduced Skt. sphuráti, Lat. spernō etc. Thus we retain two IE groups sp(h)er- with the general meaning `strew, sprinkle, spatter' resp. `draw out, kick with the foot, sprawl, (Gm.) hurry', which, cannot well be distinguished and as popular-expressive expressions may have formed the starting point for σπείρω". Cf. the lit. on σπαίρω. -- Hitt. išpar-iya-zi (beside išpar-i) `he folds out, stretches out', wit σπείρω formally comparable, gives some doubts (Benveniste BSL 33, 139).
    Page in Frisk: 2,762-763

    Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > σπείρω

  • 40 rölöve

    1. statistical survey, statistical study. 2. water-color copy of some ancient work of art. 3. arch. plan (showing the original design of an old building or of a detail in an old building, drawn up for restoration). -sini çıkarmak /ın/ 1. to determine the original design of (a building, a detail). 2. to draw a plan showing the original state of (a building, a detail).

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