ditches

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incīlis, e, adj. [contr. from incīdilis, from incido], cut in: fossae, i. e. ditches, trenches for carrying off water, Cato, R. R. 155, 1.— Far more freq.,

incīle, is, n., a ditch, trench:

incilia aperire,

Cato, R. R. 155, 1:

ducere incile,

Dig. 43, 13, 1; App. M. 9, p. 221: in incili omnia adhaeserunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3.—

incīlis, is, m., transl.: inciles diôruges (i. e. diôruches), Gloss. Philox.

incīlis, e, adj. [contr. from incīdilis, from incido], cut in: fossae, i. e. ditches, trenches for carrying off water, Cato, R. R. 155, 1.— Far more freq.,

incīle, is, n., a ditch, trench:

incilia aperire,

Cato, R. R. 155, 1:

ducere incile,

Dig. 43, 13, 1; App. M. 9, p. 221: in incili omnia adhaeserunt, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 5, 3.—

incīlis, is, m., transl.: inciles diôruges (i. e. diôruches), Gloss. Philox.

nŏverca, ae, f. [for noverica, qs. nearikê, the new one], a step-mother, step-dame.

Lit., Afran. ap. Non. 393, 26:

uxor generi, noverca filii, filiae paelex,

Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

cum is (Hippolytus) patri suspectus esset de novercā,

id. Off. 3, 25, 94:

saeviores tragicis novercas,

Quint. 2, 10, 5 Spald.:

injusta,

Verg. E. 3, 33:

saeva,

id. G. 2, 128:

scelerata,

Ov. F. 3, 853:

lurida terribiles miscent aconita novercae,

id. M. 1, 147; Gai. Inst. 1, 63; 3, 14; Juv. 6, 403.—Prov.:

apud novercain queri,

i. e. in vain, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 80.—

Trop.:

rerum ipsa natura in eo... non parens sed noverca fuerit, si, etc.,

Quint. 12, 1, 2:

quorum noverca est Italia,

i. e. who are not natives of Italy, Vell. 2, 4, 4; so, viles operae, quorum est mea Roma noverca, Petr. poët. Sat. 122, 166.—

Transf.: nŏvercae, ārum, f.

Ditches which drain off the waler imperfectly and slowly, Agrim. ap. Goes. 119; 142; 143 al.—

A rough piece of land (so called in allusion to the iniquitas novercae), Hyg. Mun. Castr. § 57 Lange.

nŏverca, ae, f. [for noverica, qs. nearikê, the new one], a step-mother, step-dame.

Lit., Afran. ap. Non. 393, 26:

uxor generi, noverca filii, filiae paelex,

Cic. Clu. 70, 199:

cum is (Hippolytus) patri suspectus esset de novercā,

id. Off. 3, 25, 94:

saeviores tragicis novercas,

Quint. 2, 10, 5 Spald.:

injusta,

Verg. E. 3, 33:

saeva,

id. G. 2, 128:

scelerata,

Ov. F. 3, 853:

lurida terribiles miscent aconita novercae,

id. M. 1, 147; Gai. Inst. 1, 63; 3, 14; Juv. 6, 403.—Prov.:

apud novercain queri,

i. e. in vain, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 80.—

Trop.:

rerum ipsa natura in eo... non parens sed noverca fuerit, si, etc.,

Quint. 12, 1, 2:

quorum noverca est Italia,

i. e. who are not natives of Italy, Vell. 2, 4, 4; so, viles operae, quorum est mea Roma noverca, Petr. poët. Sat. 122, 166.—

Transf.: nŏvercae, ārum, f.

Ditches which drain off the waler imperfectly and slowly, Agrim. ap. Goes. 119; 142; 143 al.—

A rough piece of land (so called in allusion to the iniquitas novercae), Hyg. Mun. Castr. § 57 Lange.

per-dūco, xi, ctum, 3 ( imper. perduce for perduc, Ser. Samm. 40, 754), v. a., lit., to lead or bring through; hence,

To lead, bring, conduct, guide a person or thing to any place.

In gen. (class.):

filium illuc,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 53:

legiones ad aliquem,

Cic. Fam. 12, 19, 2:

comprehensos eos ad Caesarem perduxerunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 13; cf. id. B. C. 3, 28:

legionem in Allobrogas,

id. B. G. 3, 6:

Cyrum ad angustias,

Just. 1, 8, 10:

nautas ad aequora,

Luc. 2, 362:

ad Sullam,

Suet. Caes. 74:

in theatrum,

id. Ner. 13:

aliquem in conspectum alicujus,

id. Tib. 65:

bovem errantem ad stabula,

Verg. E. 6, 60:

tauros ad sacrificium,

Amm. 24, 6.—

In partic.

To draw over, bring over a woman to the acceptance of a lover:

huc Tertia perducta est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 12, § 31; Suet. Tib. 45; id. Calig. 25; id. Vesp. 22; Hor. S. 2, 5, 77; Ov. Am. 3, 12, 11; Lact. 6, 17.—

To bring, carry, lead, conduct to a place;

of buildings, ditches, water (esp. freq. in Front.): a lacu Lemano ad montem Juram murum perducit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 8:

munitiones ex castellis,

id. B. C. 3, 44:

porticum,

Liv. 35, 10:

longum opus,

Luc. 3, 384:

Appia (aqua) perducta est,

Front. Aquaed. 6; cf.:

tum duumviri aquae perducendae creati sunt,

id. ib. 6; and:

aquas in urbem perducere,

id. ib. 7; so,

Anionem in Capitolium,

id. ib. 7:

virginem in agro Lucullano collectam Romam,

id. ib. 10;

13 et saep.: navigabilem alveum ex portu in Nilum,

Plin. 6, 29, 33, § 165.—

Of money, to deliver:

pecuniam,

Aur. Vict. Vir. Ill. 80, 2.—

Transf.

To spread over, bedaub, besmear with any thing ( poet.):

corpus odore ambrosiae,

Verg. G. 4, 415; Pers. 2, 55:

corpus stercore gallinae,

Ser. Samm. 39, 739:

artus succo,

id. 49, 922:

crusta perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 237.—

To rub out, erase (post-class.):

si aliquid interleverit, perduxerit,

Dig. 29, 1, 20:

nomen in testamento,

ib. 37, 11, 8; 28, 4, 11.—

To take a drink, to drink off or up, to quaff (post-class.):

cyceonis liquorem, Arn. poët. 5, 175: poculum continuo haustu,

App. M. 10, 5, p. 240:

aloë ex aquae cyathis tribus frigidis perducta,

Scrib. Comp. 135 fin. —

Trop.

In gen., to draw out, lengthen, prolong, continue, to bring, carry, guide a person or thing to a certain goal, to a certain period, etc. (class.):

res disputatione ad mediam noctem perducitur,

Caes. B. G. 5, 30:

oppugnatio ad noctem perducta,

Liv. 36, 23:

in noctem orationibus perductis,

id. 38, 51:

ad tempus tuum,

Cic. Fam. 10, 1, 2:

se medicinā usque ad longam senectam,

Plin. 29, 1, 8, § 15:

aliquem ex humili loco ad summam dignitatem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 39; so,

aliquem ad amplissimos honores,

Cic. Lael. 20, 73:

(agri colendi studia) ad centesimum annum,

id. Sen. 17, 60:

artem ad magnam gloriam,

Plin. 35, 9, 36, § 61:

aliquem ad perniciem,

Varr. R. R. 2, 3:

aliquid ad effectum,

Dig. 33, 1, 7:

aliquid ad exitum,

Cic. Inv. 2, 56, 169:

aliquid ad finem,

Lucr. 2, 1117:

eo rem perduxit,

brought the matter to that pass, Nep. Dion. 5, 6; cf. Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7:

aliquid ad liquidum confessumque,

Quint. 5, 14, 28.—

To pass, spend:

noctes,

Prop. 1, 3, 39.—

In partic., to draw or bring over, win over, to persuade, induce (to an opinion or an action, etc.;

class.): si dictis nequis perduci, ut vera haec credas,

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 41:

perducebam illam ad me suadelā meā,

id. Cist. 2, 3, 24:

aliquem ad suam sententiam,

Cic. Att. 16, 8, 1;

for which: aliquem in suam sententiam,

Caes. B. G. 7, 4:

aliquem ad se magnis pollicitationibus,

to bring over to one's side, to gain over, id. ib. 6, 11:

hominem ad HS LXXX.,

to induce to pay, Cic. Att. 5, 21, 12.

spĕcus, ūs ( abl. plur. specibus, Sen. Cons. ap. Front. Aquaed. 125; on the various forms found only in the grammarians, v. Neue, Formenl. 1, 569 sq.), m. (f. and n. v. infra) [perh. root spec-; v. specio, and so orig. a hole, aperture; but cf. speos].

Lit., a cave, cavern, grot, den; a cavity, chasm, natural or artificial; of the latter kind, a ditch, drain, canal, channel, covered water-course, a pit in mines, etc. (cf. spelunca).

Masc. (class. and freq.): inferum vastos specus, Enn. ap. Non. 222, 32 (Trag. v. 218 Vahl.):

specus tenebricosus,

Varr. ib. 222, 31:

fons ex opaco specu,

Liv. 1, 21; so abl. sing., id. 1, 56, 10; 10, 10, 1:

forum medium ferme specu vasto collapsum dicitur,

id. 7, 6; so sing., Ov. M. 3, 29; 7, 409; 11, 235; id. F. 4, 495; Liv. 10, 1, 5; Tac. A. 16, 1, 3; 16, 4, 59.— Plur.:

quos agor in specus?

Hor. C. 3, 25, 2: paucos specus in extremo fundo, et eos quidem subterraneos, * Cic. Att. 15, 26, 4; so of drains, ditches, Varr. R. R. 3, 17 fin.; Cat. 61, 28; Liv. 39, 13, 13; Tac. A. 12, 57; id. G. 16; Sen. Med. 741 al.—

Fem. (ante- and post-class.): concava specus, Enn. ap. Non. 222, 23 (Ann. v. 420 Vahl.); cf. Serv. Verg. A. 7, 568; Pac. ap. Non. 223, 2 Müll. (Trag. p. 91 Rib.); id. ap. Fest. p. 343 Müll. (l. l. p. 73 Rib.):

specum quandam nactus remotam latebrosamque, in eam me penetro et recondo,

Gell. 5, 14, 18; Sil. 6, 276.—

Neutr. (anteclass. and poet.):

hic specus horrendum,

Verg. A. 7, 568;

Serv. ad loc.: invisum caelo specus,

Sil. 13, 425; Ps.-Quint. Decl. 10, 19.—

Acc. to the second declension: speca apposita, Cato ap. Prisc. p. 713 P.: altis claudere specis, Att. ap. Non. 487, 25 (Fragm. Trag. v. 63 Rib.).—

Transf., a hollow, cavity of any kind ( poet.):

specus atri vulneris,

Verg. A. 9, 700 Serv.:

quos Capacis alvi mersit tartareo specu,

Phaedr. 4, 6, 10;

of a snake's belly,

Sil. 6, 276; cf.

of the belly of the Trojan horse, Petr. poët. 89, 2, 7.— In mal. part.,

Auct. Priap. 83, 34.